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Tabibzadeh S. Resolving Geroplasticity to the Balance of Rejuvenins and Geriatrins. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1664-1714. [DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Melatonin as a Reducer of Neuro- and Vasculotoxic Oxidative Stress Induced by Homocysteine. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081178. [PMID: 34439426 PMCID: PMC8389035 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant properties of melatonin can be successfully used to reduce the effects of oxidative stress caused by homocysteine. The beneficial actions of melatonin are mainly due to its ability to inhibit the generation of the hydroxyl radical during the oxidation of homocysteine. Melatonin protects endothelial cells, neurons, and glia against the action of oxygen radicals generated by homocysteine and prevents the structural changes in cells that lead to impaired contractility of blood vessels and neuronal degeneration. It can be, therefore, assumed that the results obtained in experiments performed mainly in the in vitro models and occasionally in animal models may clear the way to clinical applications of melatonin in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia, who exhibit a higher risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Parkinson’s disease or Alzheimer’s disease) and cardiovascular diseases of atherothrombotic etiology. However, the results that have been obtained so far are scarce and have seldom been performed on advanced in vivo models. All findings predominately originate from the use of in vitro models and the scarcity of clinical evidence is huge. Thus, this mini-review should be considered as a summary of the outcomes of the initial research in the field concerning the use of melatonin as a possibly efficient attenuator of oxidative stress induced by homocysteine.
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Zhu J, Liu YH, He XL, Kohlmeier M, Zhou LL, Shen LW, Yi XX, Tang QY, Cai W, Wang B. Dietary Choline Intake during Pregnancy and PEMT rs7946 Polymorphism on Risk of Preterm Birth: A Case-Control Study. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2021; 76:431-440. [PMID: 33503637 DOI: 10.1159/000507472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Choline-metabolizing genetic variation may interact with choline intake on fetal programming and pregnancy outcome. This case-control study aims to explore the association of maternal choline consumption and phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) gene polymorphism rs7946 with preterm birth risk. METHODS 145 Han Chinese women with preterm delivery and 157 Han Chinese women with term delivery were recruited in Shanghai. Dietary choline intake during pregnancy was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Additionally, DNA samples were genotyped for PEMT rs7946 (G5465A) with plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels measured. RESULTS Compared with the lowest quartile of choline intake, women within the highest consumption quartile had adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for preterm birth of 0.48 (95% confidence interval, CI [0.24, 0.95]). There was a significant interaction between maternal choline intake and PEMT rs7946 (p for interaction = 0.04), where the AA genotype carriers who consumed the energy-adjusted choline <255.01 mg/day had aOR for preterm birth of 3.75 (95% CI [1.24, 11.35]), compared to those with GG genotype and choline intake >255.01 mg/day during pregnancy. Additionally, the greatest elevated plasma Hcy was found in the cases with AA genotype and choline consumption <255.01 mg/day (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The AA genotype of PEMT rs7946 may be associated with increased preterm birth in these Han Chinese women with low choline intake during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Nutrition and Foods Program, School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Nutrition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Hong Liu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang-Long He
- Department of Nutrition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Martin Kohlmeier
- Human Research Core and Nutrigenetics Laboratory, UNC Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Li-Li Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Wei Shen
- Department of Obstetrics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Xuan Yi
- Department of Nutrition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Ya Tang
- Department of Obstetrics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Nutrition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,
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Zhang T, Chen M, Guo L, Yu F, Zhou C, Xu H, Wu B. Reverse Erythroblastosis Virus α Antagonism Promotes Homocysteine Catabolism and Ammonia Clearance. Hepatology 2019; 70:1770-1784. [PMID: 31016736 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic homeostasis of amino acids is essential for human health. Here, we aimed to investigate a potential role for the clock component reverse erythroblastosis virus α (Rev-erbα) in circadian regulation of amino acid metabolism. RNA-seq with Rev-erbα-/- mice showed expression changes in genes involved in amino acid metabolism, particularly, the urea cycle and methionine metabolism. Rev-erbα ablation increased hepatic mRNA, protein, and enzymatic activity of betaine homocysteine methyltransferase (Bhmt), cystathionine β-synthase (Cbs), and cystathionine γ-lyase (Cth) and decreased the levels of plasma and liver homocysteine in mice. Cell-based assays confirmed negative regulation of these three genes by Rev-erbα. Combined luciferase reporter, mobility-shift, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays identified Rev-erbα as a transcriptional repressor of Bhmt, Cbs, and Cth. Rev-erbα ablation or antagonism alleviated chemical-induced hyperhomocysteinemia in mice. This was accompanied by elevated expressions of Bhmt, Cbs, and Cth. Moreover, Rev-erbα ablation or antagonism promoted urea production and ammonia clearance. Of urea cycle-related genes, arginase 1 (Arg1), ornithine transcarbamylase (Otc), and carbamoyl-phosphate synthase 1 (Cps1) expressions were up-regulated in Rev-erbα-/- mice. Negative regulation of these urea cycle genes by Rev-erbα was validated using cell-based experiments. Mechanistic studies revealed that Rev-erbα inhibited CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein α transactivation to repress the transcription of Arg1, Cps1, and Otc. Conclusion: Rev-erbα antagonism alleviates hyperhomocysteinemia and promotes ammonia clearance. Targeting Rev-erbα represents an approach for the management of homocysteine- and ammonia-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianpeng Zhang
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Chen
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianxia Guo
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangjun Yu
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cui Zhou
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiman Xu
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baojian Wu
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Rizzo A, Sciorsci RL. Role of homocysteine metabolism in animal reproduction: A review. Res Vet Sci 2018; 122:29-35. [PMID: 30448392 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a thiol-containing essential amino acid, important for the growth of cells and tissues. Several hypotheses exist regarding Hcy toxicity in humans; Hcy is involved in protein structural modifications, oxidative stress, and neurotoxicity induction and is therefore associated with several pathological conditions in humans. In veterinary science, knowledge regarding Hcy has increased recently due to several studies; however, many aspects remain undiscovered. Many details remain unknown regarding the effect of Hcy levels on pregnancy and the optimal management of pathological conditions associated with Hcy levels during pregnancy in various species. In this review, we aimed to compile various studies on Hcy metabolism to elucidate its current status in the veterinary field, particularly for ovine, bovine, equine, porcine, canine, and feline species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rizzo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Section of Obstetric Clinic, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.P. per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, BA, Italy
| | - R L Sciorsci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Section of Obstetric Clinic, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.P. per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, BA, Italy.
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Andréasson M, Brodin L, Laffita-Mesa JM, Svenningsson P. Correlations Between Methionine Cycle Metabolism, COMT Genotype, and Polyneuropathy in L-Dopa Treated Parkinson’s Disease: A Preliminary Cross-Sectional Study. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2017; 7:619-628. [DOI: 10.3233/jpd-171127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Andréasson
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lovisa Brodin
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - José Miguel Laffita-Mesa
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Translational Neuropharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Translational Neuropharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Suzuki M, Nishiumi S, Kobayashi T, Sakai A, Iwata Y, Uchikata T, Izumi Y, Azuma T, Bamba T, Yoshida M. Use of on-line supercritical fluid extraction-supercritical fluid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry to analyze disease biomarkers in dried serum spots compared with serum analysis using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2017; 31:886-894. [PMID: 28332299 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The analytical stability and throughput of biomarker assays based on dried serum spots (DSS) are strongly dependent on the extraction process and determination method. In the present study, an on-line system based on supercritical fluid extraction-supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (SFE-SFC/MS/MS) was established for analyzing the levels of disease biomarkers in DSS. METHODS The chromatographic conditions were investigated using the ODS-EP, diol, and SIL-100A columns. Then, we optimized the SFE-SFC/MS/MS method using the diol column, focusing on candidate biomarkers of oral, colorectal, and pancreatic cancer that were identified using liquid chromatography (LC)/MS/MS. RESULTS By using this system, four hydrophilic metabolites and 17 hydrophobic metabolites were simultaneously detected within 15 min. In an experiment involving clinical samples, PC 16:0-18:2/16:1-18:1 exhibited 93.8% sensitivity and 64.3% specificity, whereas PC 17:1-18:1/17:0-18:2 showed 81.3% sensitivity and 92.9% specificity for detecting oral cancer. In addition, assessments of the creatine levels demonstrated 92.3% sensitivity and 78.6% specificity for detecting colorectal cancer. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that our method has great potential for clinical diagnosis and would be suitable for large-scale screening. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Suzuki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shin Nishiumi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takashi Kobayashi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Arata Sakai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yosuke Iwata
- Shimadzu Corporation, 1 Nishinokyo Kuwabara-cho, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, 604-8511, Japan
| | - Takato Uchikata
- Shimadzu Corporation, 1 Nishinokyo Kuwabara-cho, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, 604-8511, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyusyu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takeshi Azuma
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyusyu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masaru Yoshida
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
- Division of Metabolomics Research, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
- AMED-CREST, AMED, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
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Paul R, Borah A. The potential physiological crosstalk and interrelationship between two sovereign endogenous amines, melatonin and homocysteine. Life Sci 2015; 139:97-107. [PMID: 26281918 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant melatonin and the non-proteinogenic excitotoxic amino acid homocysteine (Hcy) are very distinct but related reciprocally to each other in their mode of action. The elevated Hcy level has been implicated in several disease pathologies ranging from cardio- and cerebro-vascular diseases to neurodegeneration owing largely to its free radical generating potency. Interestingly, melatonin administration potentially normalizes the elevated Hcy level, thereby protecting the cells from the undesired Hcy-induced excitotoxicity and cell death. However, the exact mechanism and between them remain obscure. Through literature survey we have found an indistinct but a vital link between melatonin and Hcy i.e., the existence of reciprocal regulation between them, and this aspect has been thoroughly described herein. In this review, we focus on all the possibilities of co-regulation of melatonin and Hcy at the level of their production and metabolism both in basal and in pathological conditions, and appraised the potential of melatonin in ameliorating homocysteinemia-induced cellular stresses. Also, we have summarized the differential mode of action of melatonin and Hcy on health and disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Paul
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India.
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Nishiumi S, Suzuki M, Kobayashi T, Matsubara A, Azuma T, Yoshida M. Metabolomics for biomarker discovery in gastroenterological cancer. Metabolites 2014; 4:547-71. [PMID: 25003943 PMCID: PMC4192679 DOI: 10.3390/metabo4030547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of the omics cascade, which involves comprehensive investigations based on genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, etc., has developed rapidly and now plays an important role in life science research. Among such analyses, metabolome analysis, in which the concentrations of low molecular weight metabolites are comprehensively analyzed, has rapidly developed along with improvements in analytical technology, and hence, has been applied to a variety of research fields including the clinical, cell biology, and plant/food science fields. The metabolome represents the endpoint of the omics cascade and is also the closest point in the cascade to the phenotype. Moreover, it is affected by variations in not only the expression but also the enzymatic activity of several proteins. Therefore, metabolome analysis can be a useful approach for finding effective diagnostic markers and examining unknown pathological conditions. The number of studies involving metabolome analysis has recently been increasing year-on-year. Here, we describe the findings of studies that used metabolome analysis to attempt to discover biomarker candidates for gastroenterological cancer and discuss metabolome analysis-based disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Nishiumi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chu-o-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chu-o-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Takashi Kobayashi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chu-o-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Atsuki Matsubara
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chu-o-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Azuma
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chu-o-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Masaru Yoshida
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chu-o-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan.
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Suzuki M, Nishiumi S, Matsubara A, Azuma T, Yoshida M. Metabolome analysis for discovering biomarkers of gastroenterological cancer. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 966:59-69. [PMID: 24636738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Improvements in analytical technologies have made it possible to rapidly determine the concentrations of thousands of metabolites in any biological sample, which has resulted in metabolome analysis being applied to various types of research, such as clinical, cell biology, and plant/food science studies. The metabolome represents all of the end products and by-products of the numerous complex metabolic pathways operating in a biological system. Thus, metabolome analysis allows one to survey the global changes in an organism's metabolic profile and gain a holistic understanding of the changes that occur in organisms during various biological processes, e.g., during disease development. In clinical metabolomic studies, there is a strong possibility that differences in the metabolic profiles of human specimens reflect disease-specific states. Recently, metabolome analysis of biofluids, e.g., blood, urine, or saliva, has been increasingly used for biomarker discovery and disease diagnosis. Mass spectrometry-based techniques have been extensively used for metabolome analysis because they exhibit high selectivity and sensitivity during the identification and quantification of metabolites. Here, we describe metabolome analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. Furthermore, the findings of studies that attempted to discover biomarkers of gastroenterological cancer are also outlined. Finally, we discuss metabolome analysis-based disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Suzuki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shin Nishiumi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Atsuki Matsubara
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takeshi Azuma
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaru Yoshida
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Division of Metabolomics Research, Department of Internal Medicine related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
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Paul B, Saradalekshmi KR, Alex AM, Banerjee M. Circadian rhythm of homocysteine is hCLOCK genotype dependent. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:3597-602. [PMID: 24510388 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3223-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is known to be a prognostic marker for neurological, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and several other pathophysiological conditions. A sudden surge in Hcy can increase cardiovascular events. Hemodynamic modulations are known to be associated with individual's chronotype. Therefore, precise monitoring of Hcy is crucial for evaluating its impact on risk. The aim of the present study was to investigate the rhythmicity of Hcy under controlled dietary conditions and whether this rhythmicity is under the genetic control of circadian rhythm. Five subjects were selected from 200 Malayalam speaking healthy ethnic individuals who were screened for functionally critical variants of MTHFR and hCLOCK genes. MTHFR is the rate-limiting enzyme in the methionine cycle and critical for regulating Hcy levels while hCLOCK is a critical gene responsible in regulating the day and night cycles. Rhythmicity in Hcy levels were observed in all the subjects with a consensus on a morning nadir and an evening peak. Gender specific stratification of Hcy levels were observed among similar genotypes of MTHFR and hCLOCK genes. Variations from the conventional rhythmicity of Hcy were observed among similar genotypes of MTHFR and dissimilar hCLOCK genotypes. A reduced plasma Hcy in hCLOCK rs1801260 CC genotype individuals were observed in contrast to CT genotype individuals. The study tends to suggest that Hcy and body time are genetically interdependent and throws light on some of the previously unexplained reasons for variability in Hcy levels. A population specific variation of MTHFR and hCLOCK genes also highlights ethnicity specific risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basil Paul
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, Kerala, India
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Nishiumi S, Kobayashi T, Ikeda A, Yoshie T, Kibi M, Izumi Y, Okuno T, Hayashi N, Kawano S, Takenawa T, Azuma T, Yoshida M. A novel serum metabolomics-based diagnostic approach for colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40459. [PMID: 22792336 PMCID: PMC3394708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To improve the quality of life of colorectal cancer patients, it is important to establish new screening methods for early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We performed serum metabolome analysis using gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry (GC/MS). First, the accuracy of our GC/MS-based serum metabolomic analytical method was evaluated by calculating the RSD% values of serum levels of various metabolites. Second, the intra-day (morning, daytime, and night) and inter-day (among 3 days) variances of serum metabolite levels were examined. Then, serum metabolite levels were compared between colorectal cancer patients (N = 60; N = 12 for each stage from 0 to 4) and age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers (N = 60) as a training set. The metabolites whose levels displayed significant changes were subjected to multiple logistic regression analysis using the stepwise variable selection method, and a colorectal cancer prediction model was established. The prediction model was composed of 2-hydroxybutyrate, aspartic acid, kynurenine, and cystamine, and its AUC, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 0.9097, 85.0%, 85.0%, and 85.0%, respectively, according to the training set data. In contrast, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CEA were 35.0%, 96.7%, and 65.8%, respectively, and those of CA19-9 were 16.7%, 100%, and 58.3%, respectively. The validity of the prediction model was confirmed using colorectal cancer patients (N = 59) and healthy volunteers (N = 63) as a validation set. At the validation set, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the prediction model were 83.1%, 81.0%, and 82.0%, respectively, and these values were almost the same as those obtained with the training set. In addition, the model displayed high sensitivity for detecting stage 0-2 colorectal cancer (82.8%). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our prediction model established via GC/MS-based serum metabolomic analysis is valuable for early detection of colorectal cancer and has the potential to become a novel screening test for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Nishiumi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takashi Kobayashi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Atsuki Ikeda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomoo Yoshie
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Megumi Kibi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Okuno
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Nobuhide Hayashi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Seiji Kawano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tadaomi Takenawa
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takeshi Azuma
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaru Yoshida
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- The Integrated Center for Mass Spectrometry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Metabolomics Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Shlafman N, Shaldubin S, Applebaum J, Belmaker RH, Levine J. No gross abnormality of plasma homocysteine after acute methionine loading in clinically stabilized patients with schizophrenia. Asian J Psychiatr 2010; 3:64-6. [PMID: 23051192 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2010.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2009] [Revised: 01/31/2010] [Accepted: 03/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine is reported to be a risk factor for schizophrenia. The methionine loading test evaluates the summation of a multitude of enzymatic pathways associated with homocysteine metabolism. Using a challenge paradigm, we measured homocysteine levels in 10 chronic schizophrenia patients and five controls at baseline and 3h after 100mg/kg oral methionine. This pilot study failed to detect a gross abnormality of plasma homocysteine level after acute methionine load in patients with schizophrenia. Elevations in plasma homocysteine reported in schizophrenia do not derive from a dynamic abnormality in methionine metabolism in this challenge paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurit Shlafman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion, University of the Negev, Beersheva, Israel
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14
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Bönsch D, Hothorn T, Krieglstein C, Koch M, Nehmer C, Lenz B, Reulbach U, Kornhuber J, Bleich S. Daily variations of homocysteine concentration may influence methylation of DNA in normal healthy individuals. Chronobiol Int 2007; 24:315-26. [PMID: 17453850 DOI: 10.1080/07420520701290565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of genetic expression is tightly controlled and well balanced in the organism by different epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation and histone modifications. DNA methylation occurring after embryogenesis is seen mainly as an irreversible event. Even small changes in genomic DNA methylation might be of biological relevance, and several factors influencing DNA methylation have been identified so far, one being homocysteine. In this study, genomic DNA methylation was analyzed and homocysteine plasma levels were measured over a 24 h period in 30 healthy students (15 males and 15 females) exposed to a standard 24 h regime of daytime activity alternating with nighttime sleep. Plasma homocysteine concentrations were measured using HPLC detection. DNA was extracted from whole EDTA blood, and genomic DNA methylation was assessed by fluorescently labeled cytosine extension assay. Both homocysteine and DNA methylation showed 24 h variation. Homocysteine showed a significant daily rhythm with an evening peak and nocturnal nadir in all subjects (p<0.001). Males showed higher overall homocysteine levels compared to females (p=0.002). Genomic DNA methylation showed a significant rhythm with increased levels at night (p=0.021), which was inverse to plasma homocysteine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominikus Bönsch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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15
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Lavie L, Lavie P. Elevated plasma homocysteine in older shift-workers: a potential risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity. Chronobiol Int 2007; 24:115-28. [PMID: 17364583 DOI: 10.1080/07420520601139797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence supporting an association between shift work and cardiovascular morbidity, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The present paper investigated the levels of cardiovascular biochemical risk factors in shift-workers both with (n=26) and without (n=103) sleep complaints, and in day-workers (n=173) working in the same plant. Blood samples were taken in the morning after an overnight fast and analyzed for homocysteine, C-reactive protein, and lipid profile. Biochemical data were compared among groups after stratifying workers by age (i.e., <40 and > or = 40 yrs). Shift-workers who complained about sleep disturbances and who were > or = 40 years of age had significantly higher levels of homocysteine than did their younger counterparts - shift-workers who did not complain of sleep disturbances and day-workers. There were no other between-group differences in any of the biochemical variables. The results of this investigation demonstrate an association between sleep disturbances in older shift-workers and mild hyperhomocysteinemia. The elevated homocysteine levels may play a role in the increased rates of cardiovascular morbidity in shift-workers, and they may have practical implications regarding the nutrition of shift-workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Lavie
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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16
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17
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Gerdhem P, Ivaska KK, Isaksson A, Pettersson K, Väänänen HK, Obrant KJ, Akesson K. Associations between homocysteine, bone turnover, BMD, mortality, and fracture risk in elderly women. J Bone Miner Res 2007; 22:127-34. [PMID: 17032146 DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.061003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Homocysteine has been suggested to be a risk factor for fracture, but the causal relationship is not clear. In 996 women from the OPRA study, high homocysteine level was associated with high bone marker levels and low BMD at baseline. During a mean 7-year follow-up, high homocysteine level was associated with mortality, but no clear association to fracture risk existed. INTRODUCTION Recently, the association between high serum homocysteine (Hcy) levels and an increased risk of fracture has been described. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hcy levels were measured at baseline in 996 women, all 75 years old. Vitamin B(12), folate, serum cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), serum TRACP5b, serum osteocalcin, urine deoxypyridinoline, PTH, areal BMD (aBMD), calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS), and physical performance were assessed at baseline. Fractures and mortality were recorded during a mean follow-up of 7.0 years. RESULTS Bone marker levels were higher in women with Hcy in the highest quartile compared with all other women (p < 0.05). The most evident correlation between Hcy and a bone marker was seen with CTX (r = 0.19, p < 0.001). aBMD (hip) was 4% lower, QUS was up to 2% lower, and gait speed was 11% slower among women with Hcy in the highest quartile compared with the other women (p < 0.05). During the follow-up, 267 women sustained at least one low-energy fracture (including 69 hip fractures). When women in the highest Hcy quartile were compared with all other women, the hazard ratios (HRs) for sustaining any type of fracture was 1.18 (95% CI, 0.89-1.36) and for hip fracture was 1.50 (95% CI, 0.91-1.94). For the same group of women, the mortality risk was 2.16 (95% CI, 1.58-2.55). Adjustments for confounders did not substantially change these associations. Adjustment for PTH increased the HR for hip fracture to 1.67 (95% CI, 1.01-2.17). Low vitamin B(12) or folate was not associated with increased fracture risk or mortality. CONCLUSIONS High Hcy levels were associated with higher bone turnover, poor physical performance, and lower BMD. There was no clear association to fracture risk. The increased mortality among women with high Hcy levels indicates that a high Hcy level may be a marker of frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Gerdhem
- Department of Orthopaedics, Malmö University Hospital, Sweden.
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Zesiewicz TA, Wecker L, Sullivan KL, Merlin LR, Hauser RA. The Controversy Concerning Plasma Homocysteine in Parkinson Disease Patients Treated with Levodopa Alone or with Entacapone. Clin Neuropharmacol 2006; 29:106-11. [PMID: 16772808 DOI: 10.1097/01.wnf.0000220817.94102.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Levodopa treatment of Parkinson disease results in hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) as a consequence of levodopa methylation by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). Although inhibition of COMT should theoretically prevent or reduce levodopa-induced HHcy, results from several prospective studies are conflicting. Our review of these studies suggests that the ability of COMT inhibition to reduce or prevent levodopa-induced HHcy in Parkinson disease patients may be attributed to differences in the vitamin status of the study participants. In patients with low or low-normal folate levels, levodopa administration is associated with a greater increase in homocysteine and concomitant entacapone administration is associated with a greater reduction in homocysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa A Zesiewicz
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, 33612, USA.
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