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Sarrafha L, Neavin DR, Parfitt GM, Kruglikov IA, Whitney K, Reyes R, Coccia E, Kareva T, Goldman C, Tipon R, Croft G, Crary JF, Powell JE, Blanchard J, Ahfeldt T. Novel human pluripotent stem cell-derived hypothalamus organoids demonstrate cellular diversity. iScience 2023; 26:107525. [PMID: 37646018 PMCID: PMC10460991 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamus is a region of the brain that plays an important role in regulating body functions and behaviors. There is a growing interest in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) for modeling diseases that affect the hypothalamus. Here, we established an hPSC-derived hypothalamus organoid differentiation protocol to model the cellular diversity of this brain region. Using an hPSC line with a tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-TdTomato reporter for dopaminergic neurons (DNs) and other TH-expressing cells, we interrogated DN-specific pathways and functions in electrophysiologically active hypothalamus organoids. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealed diverse neuronal and non-neuronal cell types in mature hypothalamus organoids. We identified several molecularly distinct hypothalamic DN subtypes that demonstrated different developmental maturities. Our in vitro 3D hypothalamus differentiation protocol can be used to study the development of this critical brain structure and can be applied to disease modeling to generate novel therapeutic approaches for disorders centered around the hypothalamus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Sarrafha
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Drew R. Neavin
- Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Gustavo M. Parfitt
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - Kristen Whitney
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ricardo Reyes
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Elena Coccia
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Tatyana Kareva
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Camille Goldman
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Regine Tipon
- New York Stem Cell Foundation, New York, NY 10019, USA
| | - Gist Croft
- New York Stem Cell Foundation, New York, NY 10019, USA
| | - John F. Crary
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Windreich Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Joseph E. Powell
- Garvan-Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- UNSW Cellular Genomics Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Joel Blanchard
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Tim Ahfeldt
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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de Leeuw CN, Korecki AJ, Berry GE, Hickmott JW, Lam SL, Lengyell TC, Bonaguro RJ, Borretta LJ, Chopra V, Chou AY, D'Souza CA, Kaspieva O, Laprise S, McInerny SC, Portales-Casamar E, Swanson-Newman MI, Wong K, Yang GS, Zhou M, Jones SJM, Holt RA, Asokan A, Goldowitz D, Wasserman WW, Simpson EM. rAAV-compatible MiniPromoters for restricted expression in the brain and eye. Mol Brain 2016; 9:52. [PMID: 27164903 PMCID: PMC4862195 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-016-0232-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small promoters that recapitulate endogenous gene expression patterns are important for basic, preclinical, and now clinical research. Recently, there has been a promising revival of gene therapy for diseases with unmet therapeutic needs. To date, most gene therapies have used viral-based ubiquitous promoters-however, promoters that restrict expression to target cells will minimize off-target side effects, broaden the palette of deliverable therapeutics, and thereby improve safety and efficacy. Here, we take steps towards filling the need for such promoters by developing a high-throughput pipeline that goes from genome-based bioinformatic design to rapid testing in vivo. METHODS For much of this work, therapeutically interesting Pleiades MiniPromoters (MiniPs; ~4 kb human DNA regulatory elements), previously tested in knock-in mice, were "cut down" to ~2.5 kb and tested in recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV), the virus of choice for gene therapy of the central nervous system. To evaluate our methods, we generated 29 experimental rAAV2/9 viruses carrying 19 different MiniPs, which were injected intravenously into neonatal mice to allow broad unbiased distribution, and characterized in neural tissues by X-gal immunohistochemistry for icre, or immunofluorescent detection of GFP. RESULTS The data showed that 16 of the 19 (84 %) MiniPs recapitulated the expression pattern of their design source. This included expression of: Ple67 in brain raphe nuclei; Ple155 in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, and retinal bipolar ON cells; Ple261 in endothelial cells of brain blood vessels; and Ple264 in retinal Müller glia. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the methodology and MiniPs presented here represent important advances for basic and preclinical research, and may enable a paradigm shift in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles N de Leeuw
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics at the Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W 28 Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Andrea J Korecki
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics at the Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W 28 Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Garrett E Berry
- Gene Therapy Centre, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, U.S.A
| | - Jack W Hickmott
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics at the Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W 28 Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Siu Ling Lam
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics at the Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W 28 Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Tess C Lengyell
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics at the Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W 28 Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Russell J Bonaguro
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics at the Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W 28 Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Lisa J Borretta
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics at the Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W 28 Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Vikramjit Chopra
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4S6, Canada
| | - Alice Y Chou
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics at the Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W 28 Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Cletus A D'Souza
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4S6, Canada
| | - Olga Kaspieva
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics at the Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W 28 Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Laprise
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics at the Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W 28 Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Simone C McInerny
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics at the Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W 28 Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Elodie Portales-Casamar
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics at the Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W 28 Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Magdalena I Swanson-Newman
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics at the Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W 28 Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Kaelan Wong
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics at the Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W 28 Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - George S Yang
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4S6, Canada
| | - Michelle Zhou
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics at the Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W 28 Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3N1, Canada.,Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4S6, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Robert A Holt
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3N1, Canada.,Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4S6, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A1, Canada
| | - Aravind Asokan
- Gene Therapy Centre, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, U.S.A
| | - Daniel Goldowitz
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics at the Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W 28 Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Wyeth W Wasserman
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics at the Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W 28 Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Elizabeth M Simpson
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics at the Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W 28 Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada. .,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3N1, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A1, Canada.
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