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Kazilas C, Dufresnes C, France J, Kalaentzis K, Martínez-Solano I, de Visser MC, Arntzen JW, Wielstra B. Spatial genetic structure in European marbled newts revealed with target enrichment by sequence capture. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2024; 194:108043. [PMID: 38382821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
European marbled newts come in two species that have abutting ranges. The northern species, Triturus marmoratus, is found in France and the northern part of the Iberian Peninsula, whereas the southern species, T. pygmaeus, is found in the southwestern corner of the Iberian Peninsula. We study the intraspecific genetic differentiation of the group because morphological data show geographical variation and because the Iberian Peninsula is a recognized center of speciation and intraspecific genetic diversity for all kinds of organisms, amphibians included. We use target enrichment by sequence capture to generate c. 7 k nuclear DNA markers. We observe limited genetic exchange between the species, which confirms their distinctiveness. Both species show substantial genetic structuring that is only in part mirrored by morphological variation. Genetically differentiated groups are found in the south (T. marmoratus) and west (T. pygmaeus) of the species ranges. Our observations highlight the position of the Iberian Peninsula as a hotspot for genetic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Kazilas
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Christophe Dufresnes
- LASER, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China; Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - James France
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Konstantinos Kalaentzis
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Iñigo Martínez-Solano
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, MNCN-CSIC, c/ José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manon C de Visser
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan W Arntzen
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ben Wielstra
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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2
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Safaei-Mahroo B, Ghaffari H, Niamir A. A synoptic review of the Amphibians of Iran: bibliography, taxonomy, synonymy, distribution, conservation status, and identification key to the eggs, larvae, and adults. Zootaxa 2023; 5279:1-112. [PMID: 37518755 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5279.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
This study provides an illustrated account, a comprehensive update of the systematics, and a bibliography of the 15 species of anurans in five families, eight genera; and of the six species of urodeles in two families, four genera in Iran. Bufonidae, with eight species, is the most diverse family; Salamandridae has five species and Ranidae has four species. This study also presents updated identification keys for the eggs, larvae, and metamorphosed amphibians of Iran. We designated specimen NMW 19855.1 as neotype of Pelophylax persicus (Schneider, 1799) comb. nov.. Along with distribution maps obtained from all the reliable localities and museum specimens known at this time, the modelled habitat of species, and for the first time, the National Red List of amphibians based on the IUCN red list categories and criteria. Based on our evaluation we propose to categorize Bufo eichwaldi, Paradactylodon persicus, Neurergus derjugini, and N. kaiseri as Vulnerable at National Red List, and to move Bufotes (Calliopersa) luristanicus, B. (C.) surdus, Firouzophrynus olivaceus, and Rana pseudodalmatina from the category of Least Concern (LC) to Near Threatened (NT). The National Red List of amphibians that we propose has significant implications for endangered species management and conservation. Forty-one percent of amphibian species in Iran are endemic to the country, and more than forty percent of the Iranian amphibians are at risk of extinction. Zagros Mountain forest and Hyrcaniain forests have more than 80% (i.e. 18 species) of the diversity of Iranian amphibians. A considerable amount of scientific literature published on Iranian amphibians in Persian language is not easily accessible to researchers outside Iran. This monograph attempts to remedy the situation and provides broader access to international herpetology. We recognize that taxonomy is always in a state of flux, and the names and synonymies used here reflect our current view.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanyeh Ghaffari
- Department of Environmental Sciences; Faculty of Natural Resources; University of Kurdistan; Sanandaj; Iran.
| | - Aidin Niamir
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre; Frankfurt am Main; Germany.
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3
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Arntzen JW. A two-species distribution model for parapatric newts, with inferences on their history of spatial replacement. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blac134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Related species often engage in abutting or overlapping contact zones with various strengths of interspecific competition. Biotic interactions such as these preclude the registration of the full profile of environmental variables that would describe the otherwise larger species ranges. Here, I advocate to forego full range species distribution modelling and instead focus on the ecography of the contact zone, for example with ‘two-species distribution models’ (TSDMs), in which presence data are contrasted against the background of environmental data. The newts Triturus cristatus and Triturus marmoratus meet in the west of France. A countrywide TSDM suggests that the contact zone of the species is located at a climatic gradient, in line with their north-eastern vs. south-western ranges. The species are also ecologically segregated by elevation and forestation, which is in line with a documented movement of the contact zone caused by hedgerow removal in lowland areas. Hindcasts for the Holocene suggest that the species contact zone was positioned at either the same place as at present or more to the south, depending on the amount of forestation. A forecast under climate warming predicts a fast movement to the north, but this scenario is deemed unrealistic. One reason is that recent habitat loss compromises dispersal and range expansion. Other species pairs to which TSDMs have been applied are listed for comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan W Arntzen
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylvius Laboratory , Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden , The Netherlands
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center , Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden , The Netherlands
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4
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Hinneberg H, Bamann T, Geue JC, Foerster K, Thomassen HA, Kupfer A. Truly invasive or simply non‐native? Insights from an artificial crested newt hybrid zone. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Hinneberg
- University of Applied Forest Sciences Rottenburg Germany
- University of Tübingen, Institute of Evolution and Ecology Tübingen Germany
| | | | - Julia C. Geue
- Umeå University, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Umeå Sweden
| | - Katharina Foerster
- University of Tübingen, Institute of Evolution and Ecology Tübingen Germany
| | - Henri A. Thomassen
- University of Tübingen, Institute of Evolution and Ecology Tübingen Germany
| | - Alexander Kupfer
- Department of Zoology, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany
- Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim Stuttgart Germany
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5
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Population structure and adaptive variation of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don along eastern Adriatic temperature and precipitation gradient. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24333. [PMID: 34934087 PMCID: PMC8692458 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03548-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immortelle (Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don; Asteraceae) is a perennial plant species native to the Mediterranean region, known for many properties with wide application mainly in perfume and cosmetic industry. A total of 18 wild H. italicum populations systematically sampled along the eastern Adriatic environmental gradient were studied using AFLP markers to determine genetic diversity and structure and to identify loci potentially responsible for adaptive divergence. Results showed higher levels of intrapopulation diversity than interpopulation diversity. Genetic differentiation among populations was significant but low, indicating extensive gene flow between populations. Bayesian analysis of population structure revealed the existence of two genetic clusters. Combining the results of FST - outlier analysis (Mcheza and BayeScan) and genome-environment association analysis (Samβada, LFMM) four AFLP loci strongly associated with the bioclimatic variables Bio03 Isothermality, Bio08 Mean temperature of the wettest quarter, Bio15 Precipitation seasonality, and Bio17 Precipitation of driest quarter were found to be the main variables driving potential adaptive genetic variation in H. italicum along the eastern Adriatic environmental gradient. Redundancy analysis revealed that the partitioning of genetic variation was mainly associated with the adaptation to temperature oscillations. The results of the research may contribute to a clearer understanding of the importance of local adaptations for the genetic differentiation of Mediterranean plants and allow the planning of appropriate conservation strategies. However, considering that the identified outlier loci may be linked to genes under selection rather than being the target of natural selection, future studies must aim at their additional analysis.
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Arntzen JW, Jehle R, Wielstra B. Genetic and morphological data demonstrate hybridization and backcrossing in a pair of salamanders at the far end of the speciation continuum. Evol Appl 2021; 14:2784-2793. [PMID: 34950229 PMCID: PMC8674889 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Deeply diverged yet hybridizing species provide a system to investigate the final stages of the speciation process. We study a hybridizing pair of salamander species-the morphologically and genetically drastically different newts Triturus cristatus and T. marmoratus-with a panel of 32 nuclear and mitochondrial genetic markers. Morphologically identified hybrids are mostly of the F1 generation and mothered by T. cristatus. The sex ratio of the F1 hybrid class is reciprocally skewed, with a preponderance of females in T. cristatus-mothered hybrids and males in T. marmoratus-mothered hybrids. This amounts to the Haldane effect operating in one direction of the cross. Deeper generation hybrids are occasionally produced, possibly including F1 hybrid × backcross hybrid offspring. Interspecific gene flow is low, yet skewed toward T. cristatus. This asymmetry may be caused by hybrid zone movement, with the superseding species being predisposed to introgression. The persisting gene flow between deeply differentiated species supports the notion that full genetic isolation may be selected against. Conversely, published morphological data suggest that introgressive hybridization is detrimental, with digital malformations occurring more frequently in the area of sympatry. Finally, to assist field identification, both within the area of natural range overlap and concerning anthropogenic introductions elsewhere, we document the phenotypical variation of two generations of hybrids compared with both parental species. We suggest that fluctuating range boundaries, ecological segregation, cytonuclear incompatibilities and hybrid breakdown through Bateson-Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities all contribute to species integrity, despite incomplete isolation during secondary contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan W. Arntzen
- Naturalis Biodiversity CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Institute of BiologyLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Robert Jehle
- School of Science, Engineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordSalfordUK
| | - Ben Wielstra
- Naturalis Biodiversity CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Institute of BiologyLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
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7
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Pleistocene allopatric differentiation followed by recent range expansion explains the distribution and molecular diversity of two congeneric crustacean species in the Palaearctic. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22866. [PMID: 34819546 PMCID: PMC8613293 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02164-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleistocene glaciations had a tremendous impact on the biota across the Palaearctic, resulting in strong phylogeographic signals of range contraction and rapid postglacial recolonization of the deglaciated areas. Here, we explore the diversity patterns and history of two sibling species of passively dispersing taxa typical of temporary ponds, fairy shrimps (Anostraca). We combine mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (ITS2 and 18S) markers to conduct a range-wide phylogeographic study including 56 populations of Branchinecta ferox and Branchinecta orientalis in the Palaearctic. Specifically, we investigate whether their largely overlapping ranges in Europe resulted from allopatric differentiation in separate glacial refugia followed by a secondary contact and reconstruct their postglacial recolonization from the inhabited refugia. Our results suggest the existence of distinct refugia for the two species, with genetic divergence among intraspecific lineages consistent with late Pleistocene glacial cycles. While B. ferox lineages originated from Mediterranean refugia, the origin of B. orientalis lineages was possibly located on the Pannonian Plain. We showed that most dispersal events predominantly happened within 100 km, coupled with several recent long-distance events (> 1000 km). Hence the regional habitat density of suitable habitats in Central Europe is possibly a key to the co-existence of the two species. Overall, our study illustrates how isolation in combination with stochastic effects linked to glacial periods are important drivers of the allopatric differentiation of Palaearctic taxa.
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Potential changes in the distributions of Near Eastern fire salamander (Salamandra infraimmaculata) in response to historical, recent and future climate change in the Near and Middle East: Implication for conservation and management. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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9
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Préau C, Bertrand R, Sellier Y, Grandjean F, Isselin‐Nondedeu F. Climate change would prevail over land use change in shaping the future distribution of
Triturus marmoratus
in France. Anim Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Préau
- Réserve Naturelle Nationale du Pinail GEREPI, Moulin de Chitré Vienne France
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions UMR CNRS 7267 Equipe Ecologie Evolution Symbiose Poitiers Cedex France
- Département Aménagement et Environnement Ecole Polytechnique de l’Université de Tours CNRS UMR CNRS 7324 CITERES Tours France
| | - Romain Bertrand
- Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique UMR5174 Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier CNRS IRD Toulouse France
| | - Yann Sellier
- Réserve Naturelle Nationale du Pinail GEREPI, Moulin de Chitré Vienne France
| | - Frédéric Grandjean
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions UMR CNRS 7267 Equipe Ecologie Evolution Symbiose Poitiers Cedex France
| | - Francis Isselin‐Nondedeu
- Département Aménagement et Environnement Ecole Polytechnique de l’Université de Tours CNRS UMR CNRS 7324 CITERES Tours France
- UMR CNRS/IRD 7263 IMBE Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse Avignon France
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10
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Bosch J, Martel A, Sopniewski J, Thumsová B, Ayres C, Scheele BC, Velo-Antón G, Pasmans F. Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans Threat to the Iberian Urodele Hotspot. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7080644. [PMID: 34436183 PMCID: PMC8400424 DOI: 10.3390/jof7080644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent introduction of the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans into northeastern Spain threatens salamander diversity on the Iberian Peninsula. We assessed the current epidemiological situation with extensive field sampling of urodele populations. We then sought to delineate priority regions and identify conservation units for the Iberian Peninsula by estimating the susceptibility of Iberian urodeles using laboratory experiments, evidence from mortality events in nature and captivity and inference from phylogeny. None of the 1395 field samples, collected between 2015 and 2021 were positive for Bsal and no Bsal-associated mortality events were recorded, in contrast to the confirmed occurrence of Bsal outbreak previously described in 2018. We classified five of eleven Iberian urodele species as highly susceptible, predicting elevated mortality and population declines following potential Bsal emergence in the wild, five species as intermediately susceptible with variable disease outcomes and one species as resistant to disease and mortality. We identified the six conservation units (i.e., species or lineages within species) at highest risk and propose priority areas for active disease surveillance and field biosecurity measures. The magnitude of the disease threat identified here emphasizes the need for region-tailored disease abatement plans that couple active disease surveillance to rapid and drastic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Bosch
- Biodiversity Research Institute (IMIB), University of Oviedo-Principality of Asturias-CSIC, 33600 Mieres, Spain;
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-6-777-724-02
| | - An Martel
- Wildlife Health Ghent, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Ghent University, B9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (A.M.); (F.P.)
| | - Jarrod Sopniewski
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia; (J.S.); (B.C.S.)
| | - Barbora Thumsová
- Biodiversity Research Institute (IMIB), University of Oviedo-Principality of Asturias-CSIC, 33600 Mieres, Spain;
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Asociación Herpetologica Española, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Cesar Ayres
- Asociación Herpetologica Española, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ben C. Scheele
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia; (J.S.); (B.C.S.)
| | - Guillermo Velo-Antón
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal;
- Grupo GEA, Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Frank Pasmans
- Wildlife Health Ghent, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Ghent University, B9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (A.M.); (F.P.)
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11
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Strachinis I, Poulakakis N, Karaiskou N, Patronidis P, Patramanis I, Poursanidis D, Jablonski D, Triantafyllidis A. Phylogeography and systematics of
Algyroides
(Sauria: Lacertidae) of the Balkan Peninsula. ZOOL SCR 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Strachinis
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology School of Biology Faculty of Natural Sciences Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Nikos Poulakakis
- Department of Biology University of Crete Irakleio Greece
- Natural History Museum of CreteUniversity of Crete Irakleio Greece
| | - Nikoleta Karaiskou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology School of Biology Faculty of Natural Sciences Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Politis Patronidis
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology School of Biology Faculty of Natural Sciences Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece
| | | | - Dimitris Poursanidis
- Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas (FORTH) Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics Iraklion Greece
| | | | - Alexandros Triantafyllidis
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology School of Biology Faculty of Natural Sciences Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece
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12
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Jablonski D, Gkontas I, Poursanidis D, Lymberakis P, Poulakakis N. Stability in the Balkans: phylogeography of the endemic Greek stream frog, Rana graeca. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We still have little knowledge concerning the phylogeography of amphibians and reptiles from the Balkan Peninsula compared with the other two Mediterranean peninsulas. This raises concerns for endemic taxa from these peninsulas, because it might interfere with further conservation efforts. Here we focus on the endemic Greek stream frog (Rana graeca) and reconstruct its biogeography and evolutionary history. Using four genetic markers (Cytb, 16S, COI and BDNF) in > 350 sequences covering the whole distribution range, we conducted phylogenetic, demographic and ecological niche analyses, which revealed the phylogeography of this species. Surprisingly, this examination of R. graeca reveals a very shallow level of intraspecific genetic variability through the Balkans, with two main, statistically supported lineages having a partly sympatric distribution. The most variable marker was Cytb, which showed 19 haplotypes in 123 analysed sequences in the whole species distribution area. Here presented genetic data, together with the environmental niche projection and demographic analyses suggest that R. graeca was probably affected only marginally by climatic oscillations, with the Hellenides as the most suitable area for the occurrence of the species in different geological periods. This is consistent with the observed genetic diversity, which is mostly related to these mountains. Although the species shows a certain level of phenotypic variability and ecological preferences, this might be related to species plasticity affected by the micro-climatic conditions in small areas, which merits further research. Comparing phylogeography of other amphibian and reptile species in the Balkans, we showed that the observed pattern represents a new view on the phylogeography of the Balkan herpetofauna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jablonski
- Department of Zoology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ioannis Gkontas
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, Irakleio, Greece
- Natural History Museum of Crete, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Knosos Avenue, Irakleio, Greece
| | - Dimitris Poursanidis
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, The Remote Sensing Lab, Vassilika Vouton, Irakleio, Greece
| | - Petros Lymberakis
- Natural History Museum of Crete, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Knosos Avenue, Irakleio, Greece
| | - Nikos Poulakakis
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, Irakleio, Greece
- Natural History Museum of Crete, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Knosos Avenue, Irakleio, Greece
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13
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Peñalver-Alcázar M, Jiménez-Valverde A, Aragón P. Niche differentiation between deeply divergent phylogenetic lineages of an endemic newt: implications for Species Distribution Models. ZOOLOGY 2020; 144:125852. [PMID: 33197786 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2020.125852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Species distribution models (SDMs) treat species as a single unit, neglecting intraspecific variation. Few studies address the impact of intraspecific variation on SDM performance, and none of them account for the well-known inter-algorithm variability in prediction performance. The endemic Iberian amphibian Lissotriton boscai comprises two geographically highly structured phylogenetic lineages, which allowed us to explore how intraspecific variation affects the overall performance of SDMs and the predicted ecological niche. We built species and lineage distribution models using three different presence-only algorithms. We also tested for niche overlap, niche equivalency and niche similarity, using an ordination technique. We found differences in the predicted potential distribution of the two lineages and the underlying environmental factors. Moreover, intraspecific differences in model predictive capacity existed irrespective of which algorithm was used to build the distribution models. This was coupled with lineages showing a low degree of niche overlap and occurring in relatively different environmental niches spaces. The intraspecific variation observed in L. boscai led to an improved intraspecific predictivity of the lineage level based-distribution models. There was partial spatial agreement between the niche overlap and independently reported secondary contact zones. Thus SDMs built only at the species level may be too naive to predict impacts of global change on species distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Peñalver-Alcázar
- Departamento de Biogeografía y Cambio Global, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC (MNCN-CSIC), José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alberto Jiménez-Valverde
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, Campus Universitario, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Pedro Aragón
- Departamento de Biogeografía y Cambio Global, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC (MNCN-CSIC), José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, José Antonio Novais, 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Wielstra B, Salvi D, Canestrelli D. Genetic Divergence Across Glacial Refugia Despite Interglacial Gene Flow in a Crested Newt. Evol Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11692-020-09519-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMtDNA-based phylogeography has illuminated the impact of the Pleistocene Ice Age on species distribution dynamics and the build-up of genetic divergence. The well-known shortcomings of mtDNA in biogeographical inference can be compensated by integrating multilocus data and species distribution modelling into phylogeography. We re-visit the phylogeography of the Italian crested newt (Triturus carnifex), a species distributed in two of Europe’s main glacial refugia, the Balkan and Italian Peninsulas. While a new 51 nuclear DNA marker dataset supports the existence of three lineages previously suggested by mtDNA (Balkan, northern Italy and southern Italy), the nuclear DNA dataset also provides improved resolution where these lineages have obtained secondary contact. We observe geographically restricted admixture at the contact between the Balkan and northern Italy gene pools and identify a potential mtDNA ghost lineage here. At the contact between the northern and southern Italy gene pools we find admixture over a broader area, as well as asymmetric mtDNA introgression. Our species distribution model is in agreement with a distribution restricted to distinct refugia during Pleistocene glacial cycles and postglacial expansion with secondary contact. Our study supports: (1) the relevance of the north-western Balkan Peninsula as a discrete glacial refugium; (2) the importance of north-eastern Italy and the northern Apennine as suture zones; and (3) the applicability of a refugia-within-refugia scenario within the Italian Peninsula.
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15
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Litvinchuk SN, Schepina NA, Borzée A. Reconstruction of past distribution for the Mongolian toad, Strauchbufo raddei (Anura: Bufonidae) using environmental modeling. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9216. [PMID: 32547865 PMCID: PMC7278888 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of ecological models enables determining the current distribution of species, but also their past distribution when matching climatic conditions are available. In specific cases, they can also be used to determine the likelihood of fossils to belong to the same species-under the hypothesis that all individuals of a species have the same ecological requirements. Here, using environmental modeling, we reconstructed the distribution of the Mongolian toad, Strauchbufo raddei, since the Last Glacial Maximum and thus covering the time period between the Late Pleistocene and the Holocene. We found the range of the species to have shifted over time, with the LGM population clustered around the current southern range of the species, before expanding east and north during the Pleistocene, and reaching the current range since the mid-Holocene. Finally, we determined that the ecological conditions during the life-time of the mid-Pleistocene fossils attributed to the species in Europe were too different from the one of the extant species or fossils occurring at the same period in Asia to belong to the same species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spartak N Litvinchuk
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Biological Department, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Russia
| | - Natalya A Schepina
- Geological Institute, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Ude, Russia
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16
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Wielstra B, Arntzen JW. Extensive cytonuclear discordance in a crested newt from the Balkan Peninsula glacial refugium. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIntegration of multilocus data and species distribution modelling into phylogeography allows mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-based scenarios to be fine-tuned. We address the question of whether extensive mtDNA substructuring in the crested newt Triturus macedonicus from the Balkan Peninsula is matched in the nuclear genome. We determine the intraspecific population structure based on 52 nuclear DNA markers and project a species distribution model on climate layers for the Last Glacial Maximum. We show that T. macedonicus accumulated nuclear DNA population structure in an area predicted to have been climatically stable during the Pleistocene, with four nuclear DNA groups in the western part of the species range. The distribution of these nuclear DNA groups shows little agreement with that of mtDNA structuring, which shows three highly distinct species-specific clades and a fourth one introgressed from another crested newt species. This cytonuclear discordance conveys that historical biogeographical scenarios based on mtDNA exclusively should be interpreted with caution. Our findings further highlight the important role the Balkan Peninsula has played in the evolution and preservation of European biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Wielstra
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan W Arntzen
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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17
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Kloch A, Biedrzycka A. Post-glacial phylogeography and variation in innate immunity loci in a sylvatic rodent, bank vole Myodes glareolus. Mamm Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42991-020-00016-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIn the northern hemisphere, the spatial structure of many taxa has been shaped by migration patterns after the last glaciation, and phylogeography based on mtDNA variation may reflect the post-glacial demography. The mtDNA lineages are expected to differ in their adaptations to local conditions but little is known about the impact of these conditions on functional genetic variation. Here, we answer this question through an analysis of geographic variation and selection patterns in seven innate immunity genes in free-living bank voles Myodes glareolus from 10 localities across species range assigned to different lineages based on mtDNA. We found clear discrepancies between population structure in mtDNA and each of the studied innate immunity genes. There was no uniform pattern of spatial variation at immunity loci, they differed in the levels of polymorphism, and the results of neutrality tests were not consistent over loci. Each locus comprised a few common haplotypes shared between mitochondrial lineages and studied locations, plus numerous haplotypes unique for each studied site. Our results suggest that the diversity of innate immunity genes cannot be explained solely in terms of demographic processes, and that the observed polymorphism may be attributed to local selection. The strength and direction of selection differed between loci, even within the same gene family, which underlines how crucial it is to take a complex approach while studying the selection patterns acting on immune-related genes.
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18
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Ward A, Hide G, Jehle R. Skin swabs with FTA® cards as a dry storage source for amphibian DNA. CONSERV GENET RESOUR 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12686-018-1018-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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19
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Parvizi E, Keikhosravi A, Naderloo R, Solhjouy‐Fard S, Sheibak F, Schubart CD. Phylogeography of Potamon ibericum (Brachyura: Potamidae) identifies Quaternary glacial refugia within the Caucasus biodiversity hot spot. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:4749-4759. [PMID: 31031941 PMCID: PMC6476761 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Refugia are critical for the maintenance of biodiversity during the periods of Quaternary climatic oscillations. The long-term persistence of refugial populations in a large continuous refugium has resulted in a homogenous pattern of genetic structure among populations, while highly structured evolutionary lineages characterize the restriction of refugial populations to smaller subrefugia. These mechanisms have resulted in the identification of hot spots of biodiversity within putative glacial refugia. We studied phylogeography of Potamon ibericum (Brachyura: Potamidae) in the drainages of the western Caucasus biodiversity hot spot (i.e., Colchis and the Caucasus) to infer spatial genetic structure and potential refugia for a freshwater crab in this region. These areas have traditionally considered as a refugium due to the presence of Tertiary relict species. We integrated population genetic data and historical demographic analysis from cytochrome oxidase subunit I sequences and paleoclimatic data from species distribution modeling (SDM). The results revealed the lack of phylogeographic structure and provided evidence for demographic expansion. The SDM presented a rather homogenous and large refugium that extended from northeast Turkey to Colchis during the last glacial period. In contrast to these findings, previous phylogeographic study on P. ibericum of the eastern Caucasus biodiversity hot spot (i.e., Hyrcania) identified multiple independent refugia. By combining these results, we explain the significance of this important western Palearctic hot spot of biological diversity in shaping the geographic distribution of intraspecific genetic diversity in a freshwater taxon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Parvizi
- School of Biology, College of ScienceUniversity of TehranTehranIran
- Present address:
Department of ZoologyUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | | | - Reza Naderloo
- School of Biology, College of ScienceUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Samaneh Solhjouy‐Fard
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of TehranKarajIran
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20
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Ansari MH, Cooper SJ, Schwarz MP, Ebrahimi M, Dolman G, Reinberger L, Saint KM, Donnellan SC, Bull CM, Gardner MG. Plio-Pleistocene diversification and biogeographic barriers in southern Australia reflected in the phylogeography of a widespread and common lizard species. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2019; 133:107-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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21
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Wielstra B, McCartney-Melstad E, Arntzen J, Butlin R, Shaffer H. Phylogenomics of the adaptive radiation of Triturus newts supports gradual ecological niche expansion towards an incrementally aquatic lifestyle. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2019; 133:120-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Anastácio PM, Ribeiro F, Capinha C, Banha F, Gama M, Filipe AF, Rebelo R, Sousa R. Non-native freshwater fauna in Portugal: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 650:1923-1934. [PMID: 30286358 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present the most updated list of non-native freshwater fauna established in Portugal, including the Azores and Madeira archipelagos. This list includes 67 species at national level but corresponds to 84 species records, of which 53 are in the mainland, 23 in the Azores and 8 in Madeira archipelagos. We also discuss the progression of the cumulative number of introductions since 1800 and identify the most probable vectors of introduction, main taxonomic groups and their regions of origin. Furthermore, we review the existing knowledge about ecological and economic impacts, invasion risk and potential distribution of invaders, under present and future climatic conditions, and the applied management actions, including the production of legislation. Along the 20th century the number of successful introductions increased at an approximate rate of two new species per decade until the beginning of 1970s. Since then, this rate increased to about 14 new species per decade. These introductions were mainly a result of fisheries, as contaminants or for ornamental purposes. Fish and mollusks are the taxonomic groups with more established species, representing more than half of the total. Most species (>70%) are native from other regions of Europe and North America. Studies about ecological or socioeconomic impacts are more common for fish, crustaceans and mollusks. Impacts for most amphibians, reptiles and mammals are not thoroughly studied. A few studies on the impacts and management actions of health-threatening mosquitoes are also available. The potential distribution in the Portuguese territory was modelled for 26 species. Only a minority of these models provides projections of distributions under scenarios of future climate change. A comparison of the Portuguese and EU legislation shows large discrepancies in the invasive species lists. Using the EU list and a ranking procedure for the national context, we identify freshwater species of high national concern for which actions are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M Anastácio
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Departamento de Paisagem Ambiente e Ordenamento, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal.
| | - Filipe Ribeiro
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - César Capinha
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, R. Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal; CEABN/InBIO, Centro de Ecologia Aplicada, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipe Banha
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Departamento de Paisagem Ambiente e Ordenamento, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Gama
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Departamento de Paisagem Ambiente e Ordenamento, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Ana F Filipe
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, R. Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal; CEABN/InBIO, Centro de Ecologia Aplicada, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rui Rebelo
- Department of Animal Biology and Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa (cE3c-FCUL), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ronaldo Sousa
- CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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23
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Waraniak JM, Fisher JDL, Purcell K, Mushet DM, Stockwell CA. Landscape genetics reveal broad and fine-scale population structure due to landscape features and climate history in the northern leopard frog ( Rana pipiens) in North Dakota. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:1041-1060. [PMID: 30805139 PMCID: PMC6374656 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prehistoric climate and landscape features play large roles structuring wildlife populations. The amphibians of the northern Great Plains of North America present an opportunity to investigate how these factors affect colonization, migration, and current population genetic structure. This study used 11 microsatellite loci to genotype 1,230 northern leopard frogs (Rana pipiens) from 41 wetlands (30 samples/wetland) across North Dakota. Genetic structure of the sampled frogs was evaluated using Bayesian and multivariate clustering methods. All analyses produced concordant results, identifying a major east-west split between two R. pipiens population clusters separated by the Missouri River. Substructuring within the two major identified population clusters was also found. Spatial principal component analysis (sPCA) and variance partitioning analysis identified distance, river basins, and the Missouri River as the most important landscape factors differentiating R. pipiens populations across the state. Bayesian reconstruction of coalescence times suggested the major east-west split occurred ~13-18 kya during a period of glacial retreat in the northern Great Plains and substructuring largely occurred ~5-11 kya during a period of extreme drought cycles. A range-wide species distribution model (SDM) for R. pipiens was developed and applied to prehistoric climate conditions during the Last Glacial Maximum (21 kya) and the mid-Holocene (6 kya) from the CCSM4 climate model to identify potential refugia. The SDM indicated potential refugia existed in South Dakota or further south in Nebraska. The ancestral populations of R. pipiens in North Dakota may have inhabited these refugia, but more sampling outside the state is needed to reconstruct the route of colonization. Using microsatellite genotype data, this study determined that colonization from glacial refugia, drought dynamics in the northern Great Plains, and major rivers acting as barriers to gene flow were the defining forces shaping the regional population structure of R. pipiens in North Dakota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M. Waraniak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Environmental and Conservation Sciences Graduate ProgramNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNorth Dakota
| | - Justin D. L. Fisher
- Department of Biological Sciences, Environmental and Conservation Sciences Graduate ProgramNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNorth Dakota
- Present address:
Natural Resource Conservation ServiceFergus FallsMinnesota
| | - Kevin Purcell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Environmental and Conservation Sciences Graduate ProgramNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNorth Dakota
- Present address:
Data Science and Analytics ProgramHarrisburg UniversityHarrisburgPennsylvania
| | - David M. Mushet
- U.S. Geological SurveyNorthern Prairie Wildlife Research CenterJamestownNorth Dakota
| | - Craig A. Stockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Environmental and Conservation Sciences Graduate ProgramNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoNorth Dakota
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Iannella M, D'Alessandro P, Biondi M. Evidences for a shared history for spectacled salamanders, haplotypes and climate. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16507. [PMID: 30405202 PMCID: PMC6220306 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34854-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The so-called glacial refugia, formed during the Pleistocene climatic oscillations, played a major role in shaping the distribution of European species, triggering migrations or isolating populations. Many of these events were recently investigated by genetic data, mainly for the European Last Glacial stage, in the Iberic, Italian and Greek-Balkan peninsulas. The amphibian genus Salamandrina, the most ancient living salamandrid lineage, was widespread in Europe until the climatic oscillations of Miocene probably forced it to shelter in the only suitable territory at that time, the Apennines. Nowadays this genus is endemic of peninsular Italy with two parapatric species, S. perspicillata and S. terdigitata, sharing an area of secondary contact formed after the Last Glacial Maximum. Climate is generally identified as the key factor for the interpretation of genetic data. In this research, we directly measure climate influences on the two Salamandrina known species through Ensemble Modelling techniques and post-modelling GIS analyses, integrating updated genetic data in this process. Our results confirm the hypotheses of southwards (and subsequent northwards) shifts, identify glacial refugia and corridors used for the post-glacial re-colonization. Finally, we map a contact zone deserving more sampling effort to disentangle the introgression and hybridization observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Iannella
- University of L'Aquila, Department of Health, Life, and Environmental Sciences, L'Aquila, 67100, Italy.
| | - Paola D'Alessandro
- University of L'Aquila, Department of Health, Life, and Environmental Sciences, L'Aquila, 67100, Italy
| | - Maurizio Biondi
- University of L'Aquila, Department of Health, Life, and Environmental Sciences, L'Aquila, 67100, Italy
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25
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Prokić MD, Despotović SG, Vučić TZ, Petrović TG, Gavrić JP, Gavrilović BR, Radovanović TB, Saičić ZS. Oxidative cost of interspecific hybridization: a case study of two Triturus species and their hybrids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 221:jeb.182055. [PMID: 30127083 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.182055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has most recently been suggested as one of the possible mechanisms responsible for reduced fitness of hybrids. To explore possible oxidative cost of hybridization, we examined anti-oxidant defence system parameters (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase, glutathione, SH groups), their interconnectedness (index of integration) and levels of oxidative damage [concentrations of lipid peroxides, TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances)] in laboratory-reared newt species, Triturus macedonicus and T. ivanbureschi, and their hybrid. Our results showed that parental species differed in anti-oxidant defence system parameters, but not in the levels of integration of the whole system and oxidative damage. Individuals of T. ivanbureschi had higher activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase and concentrations of glutathione. Hybrid individuals of crested newts displayed higher levels of the anti-oxidant defence system (higher superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase activities and concentrations of SH groups), and a lower overall correlation of anti-oxidant system (lower index of integration) in comparison with both parental species, suggesting that they may possess a less efficient anti-oxidant defence system and a higher investment in maintaining oxidative balance. The higher investment in the anti-oxidant system could divert limited resources away from other functions and affect further hybrid fitness. The presented findings contribute to a better understanding of the anti-oxidant defence system of crested newts and their interspecies differences, and support the hypothesis that oxidative stress is one of the costs of interspecific hybridization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko D Prokić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research 'Siniša Stanković', University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana G Despotović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research 'Siniša Stanković', University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana Z Vučić
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research 'Siniša Stanković', University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Biology, Institute for Zoology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara G Petrović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research 'Siniša Stanković', University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena P Gavrić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research 'Siniša Stanković', University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branka R Gavrilović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research 'Siniša Stanković', University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana B Radovanović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research 'Siniša Stanković', University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorica S Saičić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research 'Siniša Stanković', University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
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26
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Climate change produces winners and losers: Differential responses of amphibians in mountain forests of the Near East. Glob Ecol Conserv 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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27
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Zheng Y, Hu J, Zeng X. Examining the interglacial high-elevation refugia scenario in East Asian subtropical mountain systems with the frog species Leptobrachium liui. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:9326-9340. [PMID: 30377504 PMCID: PMC6194219 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of Quaternary climatic oscillations on the distributions of organisms in different parts of the world are not equally well understood, limiting the ability to understand the determinants of biodiversity. Compared with the mountain regions in southern Europe and southwestern North America, such effects on high-elevation species in the East Asian subtropical mountain systems located in southern and southeastern China have seldom been addressed. In this study, using Leptobrachium liui (Megophryidae), we made one of the earliest attempts to examine the interglacial high-elevation refugia scenario in these Asian mountains. Based on our current understanding of the study system, we formulated a hypothesis that these frogs of western origin were distributed more widely and continuously during glacial phases, allowing eastward dispersal, and that they are currently isolated in interglacial refugia at higher elevations. Microsatellite data and mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data were obtained with extensive sampling followed by the synthesis of phylogeographic and population genetic analyses and modeling of the species distribution. The analyses revealed a sequential eastward divergence of microsatellite clusters and gene lineages accompanied by a decline in genetic diversity. Molecular dating estimates revealed divergence events in the Pleistocene, and a reduction in local populations was inferred to have occurred at a time comparable to the end of the last glacial. Strong genetic isolation by distance reflecting a more continuous historical distribution was detected. Furthermore, environmental niche models inferred a wide planar distribution during the last glacial maximum, providing further support for the hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchi Zheng
- Department of HerpetologyChengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengduChina
| | - Junhua Hu
- Department of HerpetologyChengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengduChina
| | - Xiaomao Zeng
- Department of HerpetologyChengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengduChina
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28
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Psonis N, Antoniou A, Karameta E, Leaché AD, Kotsakiozi P, Darriba D, Kozlov A, Stamatakis A, Poursanidis D, Kukushkin O, Jablonski D, Crnobrnja–Isailović J, Gherghel I, Lymberakis P, Poulakakis N. Resolving complex phylogeographic patterns in the Balkan Peninsula using closely related wall-lizard species as a model system. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 125:100-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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29
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Arntzen JW, Üzüm N, Ajduković MD, Ivanović A, Wielstra B. Absence of heterosis in hybrid crested newts. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5317. [PMID: 30065885 PMCID: PMC6063215 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Relationships between phylogenetic relatedness, hybrid zone spatial structure, the amount of interspecific gene flow and population demography were investigated, with the newt genus Triturus as a model system. In earlier work, a bimodal hybrid zone of two distantly related species combined low interspecific gene flow with hybrid sterility and heterosis was documented. Apart from that, a suite of unimodal hybrid zones in closely related Triturus showed more or less extensive introgressive hybridization with no evidence for heterosis. We here report on population demography and interspecific gene flow in two Triturus species (T. macedonicus and T. ivanbureschi in Serbia). These are two that are moderately related, engage in a heterogeneous uni-/bimodal hybrid zone and hence represent an intermediate situation. This study used 13 diagnostic nuclear genetic markers in a population at the species contact zone. This showed that all individuals were hybrids, with no parentals detected. Age, size and longevity and the estimated growth curves are not exceeding that of the parental species, so that we conclude the absence of heterosis in T. macedonicus-T. ivanbureschi. Observations across the genus support the hypothesis that fertile hybrids allocate resources to reproduction and infertile hybrids allocate resources to growth. Several Triturus species hybrid zones not yet studied allow the testing of this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nazan Üzüm
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Maja D. Ajduković
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Ivanović
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ben Wielstra
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Iannella M, Cerasoli F, D'Alessandro P, Console G, Biondi M. Coupling GIS spatial analysis and Ensemble Niche Modelling to investigate climate change-related threats to the Sicilian pond turtle Emys trinacris, an endangered species from the Mediterranean. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4969. [PMID: 29888141 PMCID: PMC5993018 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The pond turtle Emys trinacris is an endangered endemic species of Sicily showing a fragmented distribution throughout the main island. In this study, we applied "Ensemble Niche Modelling", combining more classical statistical techniques as Generalized Linear Models and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines with machine-learning approaches as Boosted Regression Trees and Maxent, to model the potential distribution of the species under current and future climatic conditions. Moreover, a "gap analysis" performed on both the species' presence sites and the predictions from the Ensemble Models is proposed to integrate outputs from these models, in order to assess the conservation status of this threatened species in the context of biodiversity management. For this aim, four "Representative Concentration Pathways", corresponding to different greenhouse gases emissions trajectories were considered to project the obtained models to both 2050 and 2070. Areas lost, gained or remaining stable for the target species in the projected models were calculated. E. trinacris' potential distribution resulted to be significantly dependent upon precipitation-linked variables, mainly precipitation of wettest and coldest quarter. Future negative effects for the conservation of this species, because of more unstable precipitation patterns and extreme meteorological events, emerged from our analyses. Further, the sites currently inhabited by E. trinacris are, for more than a half, out of the Protected Areas network, highlighting an inadequate management of the species by the authorities responsible for its protection. Our results, therefore, suggest that in the next future the Sicilian pond turtle will need the utmost attention by the scientific community to avoid the imminent risk of extinction. Finally, the gap analysis performed in GIS environment resulted to be a very informative post-modeling technique, potentially applicable to the management of species at risk and to Protected Areas' planning in many contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Iannella
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Cerasoli
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Paola D'Alessandro
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giulia Console
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Maurizio Biondi
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Vučić T, Vukov TD, Tomašević Kolarov N, Cvijanović M, Ivanović A. The study of larval tail morphology reveals differentiation between two Triturus species and their hybrids. AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1163/15685381-17000190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In amphibians, morphological differentiation and disparity at the larval and post-metamorphic ontogenetic stages can diverge, owing to various contrasting environments and different selective pressures. In the monophyletic clade of nineTriturusnewt species, five different morphotypes can be recognized, but information on larval morphology is limited. Here we explore divergence of larval morphology inTriturus ivanbureschi,T. macedonicus, and their F1 hybrids. These two genetically and morphologically distinct crested newt species hybridize in nature and form a relatively wide hybrid zone in the central part of the Balkan Peninsula. Using a geometric morphometric approach and multivariate statistics, we evaluated differences of tail size and shape, colouration pattern, and the presence of a tail filament at the mid-larval stage in larvae reared under controlled laboratory conditions. We chose the tail as the main propulsive organ crucial for locomotion, feeding, and escaping predators. We found thatTriturus ivanbureschiandT. macedonicuslarvae differ in tail shape, but not in tail size. Two groups of F1 hybrid larvae (obtained from reciprocal crossing) were similar to each other, but differed from the parental species in size and shape of the tail, colouration pattern, and the presence of a tail filament. Our results indicate that, like adults, larvae diverge morphologically and hybrid larvae do not exhibit intermediate morphology of the parental species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijana Vučić
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
- Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja D. Vukov
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nataša Tomašević Kolarov
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Cvijanović
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Ivanović
- Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Wielstra B, Burke T, Butlin RK, Arntzen JW. A signature of dynamic biogeography: enclaves indicate past species replacement. Proc Biol Sci 2017; 284:20172014. [PMID: 29187631 PMCID: PMC5740283 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how species have replaced each other in the past is important to predicting future species turnover. While past species replacement is difficult to detect after the fact, the process may be inferred from present-day distribution patterns. Species with abutting ranges sometimes show a characteristic distribution pattern, where a section of one species range is enveloped by that of the other. Such an enclave could indicate past species replacement: when a species is partly supplanted by a competitor, but a population endures locally while the invading species moves around and past it, an enclave forms. If the two species hybridize and backcross, the receding species is predicted to leave genetic traces within the expanding one under a scenario of species replacement. By screening dozens of genes in hybridizing crested newts, we uncover genetic remnants of the ancestral species, now inhabiting an enclave, in the range of the surrounding invading species. This independent genetic evidence supports the past distribution dynamics we predicted from the enclave. We suggest that enclaves provide a valuable tool in understanding historical species replacement, which is important because a major conservation concern arising from anthropogenic climate change is increased species replacement in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wielstra
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517, Leiden, 2300 RA, The Netherlands
| | - T Burke
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - R K Butlin
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 405 30, Sweden
| | - J W Arntzen
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517, Leiden, 2300 RA, The Netherlands
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Unraveling climate influences on the distribution of the parapatric newts Lissotriton vulgaris meridionalis and L. italicus. Front Zool 2017; 14:55. [PMID: 29255477 PMCID: PMC5727953 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-017-0239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Climate is often considered as a key ecological factor limiting the capability of expansion of most species and the extent of suitable habitats. In this contribution, we implement Species Distribution Models (SDMs) to study two parapatric amphibians, Lissotriton vulgaris meridionalis and L. italicus, investigating if and how climate has influenced their present and past (Last Glacial Maximum and Holocene) distributions. A database of 901 GPS presence records was generated for the two newts. SDMs were built through Boosted Regression Trees and Maxent, using the Worldclim bioclimatic variables as predictors. Results Precipitation-linked variables and the temperature annual range strongly influence the current occurrence patterns of the two Lissotriton species analyzed. The two newts show opposite responses to the most contributing variables, such as BIO7 (temperature annual range), BIO12 (annual precipitation), BIO17 (precipitation of the driest quarter) and BIO19 (precipitation of the coldest quarter). The hypothesis of climate influencing the distributions of these species is also supported by the fact that the co-occurrences within the sympatric area fall in localities characterized by intermediate values of these predictors. Projections to the Last Glacial Maximum and Holocene scenarios provided a coherent representation of climate influences on the past distributions of the target species. Computation of pairwise variables interactions and the discriminant analysis allowed a deeper interpretation of SDMs’ outputs. Further, we propose a multivariate environmental dissimilarity index (MEDI), derived through a transformation of the multivariate environmental similarity surface (MESS), to deal with extrapolation-linked uncertainties in model projections to past climate. Finally, the niche equivalency and niche similarity tests confirmed the link between SDMs outputs and actual differences in the ecological niches of the two species. Conclusions The different responses of the two species to climatic factors have significantly contributed to shape their current distribution, through contractions, expansions and shifts over time, allowing to maintain two wide allopatric areas with an area of sympatry in Central Italy. Moreover, our SDMs hindcasting shows many concordances with previous phylogeographic studies carried out on the same species, thus corroborating the scenarios of potential distribution during the Last Glacial Maximum and the Holocene emerging from the models obtained. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12983-017-0239-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Wang Y, Xu C, Tian M, Deng X, Cen Y, He Y. Genetic diversity of Diaphorina citri and its endosymbionts across east and south-east Asia. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2017; 73:2090-2099. [PMID: 28374537 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diaphorina citri is the vector of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus', the most widespread pathogen associated huanglongbing, the most serious disease of citrus. To enhance our understanding of the distribution and origin of the psyllid, we investigated the genetic diversity and population structures of 24 populations in Asia and one from Florida based on the mtCOI gene. Simultaneously, genetic diversity and population structures of the primary endosymbiont (P-endosymbiont) 'Candidatus Carsonella ruddii' and secondary endosymbiont (S-endosymbiont) 'Candidatus Profftella armatura' of D. citri were determined with the housekeeping genes. RESULT AMOVA analysis indicated that populations of D. citri and its endosymbionts in east and south-east Asia were genetically distinct from populations in Pakistan and Florida. Furthermore, P-endosymbiont populations displayed a strong geographical structure across east and south-east Asia, while low genetic diversity indicated the absence of genetic structure among the populations of D. citri and its S-endosymbiont across these regions. CONCLUSION The 'Ca. C. ruddii' is more diverse and structured than the D. citri and the 'Ca. P. armatura' across east and south-east Asia. Multiple introductions of the psyllid have occurred in China. Management application for controlling the pest is proposed based on the genetic information of D. citri and its endosymbionts. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjing Wang
- Laboratory of Insect Ecology/Citrus Huanglongbing Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changbao Xu
- Laboratory of Insect Ecology/Citrus Huanglongbing Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingyi Tian
- Laboratory of Insect Ecology/Citrus Huanglongbing Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Deng
- Laboratory of Insect Ecology/Citrus Huanglongbing Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yijing Cen
- Laboratory of Insect Ecology/Citrus Huanglongbing Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yurong He
- Laboratory of Insect Ecology/Citrus Huanglongbing Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Wielstra B, ZieliŃski P, Babik W. The Carpathians hosted extra-Mediterranean refugia-within-refugia during the Pleistocene Ice Age: genomic evidence from two newt genera. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blx087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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36
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Wielstra B, Burke T, Butlin RK, Avcı A, Üzüm N, Bozkurt E, Olgun K, Arntzen JW. A genomic footprint of hybrid zone movement in crested newts. Evol Lett 2017; 1:93-101. [PMID: 30283642 PMCID: PMC6121819 DOI: 10.1002/evl3.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Speciation typically involves a stage in which species can still exchange genetic material. Interspecific gene flow is facilitated by the hybrid zones that such species establish upon secondary contact. If one member of a hybridizing species pair displaces the other, their hybrid zone would move across the landscape. Although theory predicts that moving hybrid zones quickly stagnate, hybrid zones tracked over one or a few decades do not always follow such a limitation. This suggests that hybrid zones have the potential to traverse considerable distances over extended periods of time. When hybrid zones move, introgression is predicted to result in biased gene flow of selectively neutral alleles, from the receding species into the advancing species. We test for such a genomic footprint of hybrid zone movement in a pair of crested newt species (genus Triturus) for which we have a priori support for westward hybrid zone movement. We perform a multilocus phylogeographical survey and conduct Bayesian clustering analysis, estimation of ancestry and heterozygosity, and geographical cline analysis. In a 600 km wide area east of the present day hybrid zone a genomic footprint constitutes empirical evidence consistent with westward hybrid zone movement. The crested newt case suggests that hybrid zone movement can occur over an extensive span of time and space. Inferring hybrid zone movement provides fundamental insight into historical biogeography and the speciation process, and we anticipate that hybrid zones will prove to be far more mobile than currently appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Wielstra
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences University of Sheffield S10 2TN Sheffield United Kingdom.,Naturalis Biodiversity Center 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles California 90095
| | - Terry Burke
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences University of Sheffield S10 2TN Sheffield United Kingdom
| | - Roger K Butlin
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences University of Sheffield S10 2TN Sheffield United Kingdom.,Department of Marine Sciences University of Gothenburg S 405 30 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Aziz Avcı
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Adnan Menderes University 09010 Aydın Turkey
| | - Nazan Üzüm
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Adnan Menderes University 09010 Aydın Turkey
| | - Emin Bozkurt
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Adnan Menderes University 09010 Aydın Turkey
| | - Kurtuluş Olgun
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Adnan Menderes University 09010 Aydın Turkey
| | - Jan W Arntzen
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
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37
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Andersen JC, Havill NP, Caccone A, Elkinton JS. Postglacial recolonization shaped the genetic diversity of the winter moth ( Operophtera brumata) in Europe. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:3312-3323. [PMID: 28515868 PMCID: PMC5433974 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in climate conditions, particularly during the Quaternary climatic oscillations, have long been recognized to be important for shaping patterns of species diversity. For species residing in the western Palearctic, two commonly observed genetic patterns resulting from these cycles are as follows: (1) that the numbers and distributions of genetic lineages correspond with the use of geographically distinct glacial refugia and (2) that southern populations are generally more diverse than northern populations (the “southern richness, northern purity” paradigm). To determine whether these patterns hold true for the widespread pest species the winter moth (Operophtera brumata), we genotyped 699 individual winter moths collected from 15 Eurasian countries with 24 polymorphic microsatellite loci. We find strong evidence for the presence of two major genetic clusters that diverged ~18 to ~22 ka, with evidence that secondary contact (i.e., hybridization) resumed ~ 5 ka along a well‐established hybrid zone in Central Europe. This pattern supports the hypothesis that contemporary populations descend from populations that resided in distinct glacial refugia. However, unlike many previous studies of postglacial recolonization, we found no evidence for the “southern richness, northern purity” paradigm. We also find evidence for ongoing gene flow between populations in adjacent Eurasian countries, suggesting that long‐distance dispersal plays an important part in shaping winter moth genetic diversity. In addition, we find that this gene flow is predominantly in a west‐to‐east direction, suggesting that recently debated reports of cyclical outbreaks of winter moth spreading from east to west across Europe are not the result of dispersal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy C Andersen
- Department of Environmental Conservation University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst MA USA.,Present address: Jeremy C. Andersen, Department of Environmental Science Policy and Management University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA
| | | | - Adalgisa Caccone
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Yale University New Haven CT USA
| | - Joseph S Elkinton
- Department of Environmental Conservation University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst MA USA
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38
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Visser M, de Leeuw M, Zuiderwijk A, Arntzen JW. Stabilization of a salamander moving hybrid zone. Ecol Evol 2016; 7:689-696. [PMID: 28116063 PMCID: PMC5243777 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
When related species meet upon postglacial range expansion, hybrid zones are frequently formed. Theory predicts that such zones may move over the landscape until equilibrium conditions are reached. One hybrid zone observed to be moving in historical times (1950–1979) is that of the pond‐breeding salamanders Triturus cristatus and Triturus marmoratus in western France. We identified the ecological correlates of the species hybrid zone as elevation, forestation, and hedgerows favoring the more terrestrial T. marmoratus and pond density favoring the more aquatic T. cristatus. The past movement of the zone of ca. 30 km over three decades has probably been driven by the drastic postwar reduction of the “bocage” hedgerow landscape, favoring T. cristatus over T. marmoratus. No further hybrid zone movement was observed from 1979 to the present. To explain the changing dynamics of the hybrid zone, we propose that it stalled, either because an equilibrium was found at an altitude of ca. 140 m a.s.l. or due to pond loss and decreased population densities. While we cannot rule out the former explanation, we found support for the latter. Under agricultural intensification, ponds in the study area are lost at an unprecedented rate of 5.5% per year, so that remaining Triturus populations are increasingly isolated, hampering dispersal and further hybrid zone movement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jan W Arntzen
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leiden The Netherlands
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Phylogeographic analyses reveal Transpontic long distance dispersal in land snails belonging to the Caucasotachea atrolabiata complex (Gastropoda: Helicidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 103:172-183. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Contribution to the study of Acanthodactylus (Sauria: Lacertidae) mtDNA diversity focusing on the A. boskianus species group. Mitochondrion 2016; 30:78-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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41
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Wielstra B, Burke T, Butlin RK, Schaap O, Shaffer HB, Vrieling K, Arntzen JW. Efficient screening for ‘genetic pollution’ in an anthropogenic crested newt hybrid zone. CONSERV GENET RESOUR 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12686-016-0582-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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42
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Vörös J, Mikulíček P, Major Á, Recuero E, Arntzen JW. Phylogeographic analysis reveals northerly refugia for the riverine amphibianTriturus dobrogicus(Caudata: Salamandridae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Judit Vörös
- Department of Zoology; Hungarian Natural History Museum; Baross u. 13. 1088 Budapest Hungary
- Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory; Hungarian Natural History Museum; Ludovika tér 2-6. 1083 Budapest Hungary
| | - Peter Mikulíček
- Department of Zoology; Faculty of Natural Sciences; Comenius University in Bratislava; Mlynská dolina Ilkovičova 6 SK-84215 Bratislava Slovak Republic
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i.; Květná 8 CZ-60365 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Ágnes Major
- Molecular Taxonomy Laboratory; Hungarian Natural History Museum; Ludovika tér 2-6. 1083 Budapest Hungary
| | - Ernesto Recuero
- Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva; Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales MNCN-CSIC; C/José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - Jan W. Arntzen
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center; P.O. BOX 9517 2300 RA Leiden the Netherlands
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Dufresnes C, Litvinchuk SN, Leuenberger J, Ghali K, Zinenko O, Stöck M, Perrin N. Evolutionary melting pots: a biodiversity hotspot shaped by ring diversifications around the Black Sea in the Eastern tree frog (Hyla orientalis). Mol Ecol 2016; 25:4285-300. [PMID: 27220555 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hotspots of intraspecific genetic diversity, which are of primary importance for the conservation of species, have been associated with glacial refugia, that is areas where species survived the Quaternary climatic oscillations. However, the proximate mechanisms generating these hotspots remain an open issue. Hotspots may reflect the long-term persistence of large refugial populations; alternatively, they may result from allopatric differentiation between small and isolated populations, that later admixed. Here, we test these two scenarios in a widely distributed species of tree frog, Hyla orientalis, which inhabits Asia Minor and southeastern Europe. We apply a fine-scale phylogeographic survey, combining fast-evolving mitochondrial and nuclear markers, with a dense sampling throughout the range, as well as ecological niche modelling, to understand what shaped the genetic variation of this species. We documented an important diversity centre around the Black Sea, composed of multiple allopatric and/or parapatric diversifications, likely driven by a combination of Pleistocene climatic fluctuations and complex regional topography. Remarkably, this diversification forms a ring around the Black Sea, from the Caucasus through Anatolia and eastern Europe, with terminal forms coming into contact and partially admixing in Crimea. Our results support the view that glacial refugia generate rather than host genetic diversity and can also function as evolutionary melting pots of biodiversity. Moreover, we report a new case of ring diversification, triggered by a large, yet cohesive dispersal barrier, a very rare situation in nature. Finally, we emphasize the Black Sea region as an important centre of intraspecific diversity in the Palearctic with implications for conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Dufresnes
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Spartak N Litvinchuk
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky pr. 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia
| | - Julien Leuenberger
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Karim Ghali
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Oleksandr Zinenko
- The Museum of Nature, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Trinkler st. 8, Kharkiv, 61058, Ukraine
| | - Matthias Stöck
- Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 301, Berlin, D-12587, Germany
| | - Nicolas Perrin
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
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Tóth JP, Varga Z, Bereczki J. Long-term survival and diversification of an endemic Melitaeaspecies in mountains of Iran and adjacent areas. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- János P. Tóth
- MTA-DE ‘Lendület’ Behavioural Ecology Research Group; Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - Zoltán Varga
- Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology; Institute of Biology and Ecology; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
| | - Judit Bereczki
- MTA-DE ‘Lendület’ Behavioural Ecology Research Group; Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
- Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology; Institute of Biology and Ecology; University of Debrecen; Debrecen Hungary
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45
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Massive genetic introgression in threatened northern crested newts (Triturus cristatus) by an invasive congener (T. carnifex) in Western Switzerland. CONSERV GENET 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-016-0825-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Freitas S, Vavakou A, Arakelyan M, Drovetski SV, Crnobrnja-isailović J, Kidov AA, Cogălniceanu D, Corti C, Lymberakis P, Harris DJ, Carretero MA. Cryptic diversity and unexpected evolutionary patterns in the meadow lizard,Darevskia praticola(Eversmann, 1834). SYST BIODIVERS 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2015.1111267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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47
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Wielstra B, Vörös J, Arntzen J. Is the Danube crested newt Triturus dobrogicus polytypic? A review and new nuclear DNA data. AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1163/15685381-00003041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The Danube crested newtTriturus dobrogicushas been proposed to comprise two subspecies:T. d. dobrogicusandT. d. macrosoma. Uncertainty exists in the literature over their distribution and diagnosability. We conduct a multilocus phylogeographical survey and review published data to determine whether a two taxon treatment is warranted. Newly produced and published nuclear DNA data suggest intraspecific variation in the Pannonian Plain part of the range, but with extensive genetic admixture, whereas mitochondrial DNA data shows a lack of geographical structuring inT. dobrogicusaltogether. None of the studied morphological characters suggest the presence of two geographical groups inT. dobrogicusunequivocally. Although Danube Delta newts do have relatively short bodies compared to the remainder of the range (the Pannonian and Lower Danube Plains and the Dnepr Delta), we argue that this finding can be explained by phenotypic plasticity – particularly in light of the incongruent evolutionary scenario suggested by genetic data. We conclude that the total body of evidence does not support the two subspecies hypothesis and recommend thatT. dobrogicusis treated as a monotypic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Wielstra
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN Sheffield, UK
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Judit Vörös
- Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, 1088 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jan W. Arntzen
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Neiber MT, Hausdorf B. Phylogeography of the land snail genus Circassina (Gastropoda: Hygromiidae) implies multiple Pleistocene refugia in the western Caucasus region. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Drag L, Hauck D, Bérces S, Michalcewicz J, Šerić Jelaska L, Aurenhammer S, Cizek L. Genetic differentiation of populations of the threatened saproxylic beetle Rosalia longicorn,Rosalia alpina(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Central and South-east Europe. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Drag
- Faculty of Science; University of South Bohemia; Branisovska 31 37005 Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic
- Biology Centre CAS, v. v. i.; Institute of Entomology; Branisovska 31 37005 Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic
| | - David Hauck
- Biology Centre CAS, v. v. i.; Institute of Entomology; Branisovska 31 37005 Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic
| | - Sándor Bérces
- Duna-Ipoly National Park Directorate; Kolto utca 21 1121 Budapest Hungary
| | - Jakub Michalcewicz
- Institute of Forest Ecosystem Protection; Faculty of Forestry; University of Agriculture; Al. 29 Listopada 46 31-425 Kraków Poland
| | - Lucija Šerić Jelaska
- Faculty of Science; University of Zagreb; Rooseveltov trg 6 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Sandra Aurenhammer
- Institute for Animal Ecology and Landscape Planning; Bergmanngasse 22 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Lukas Cizek
- Faculty of Science; University of South Bohemia; Branisovska 31 37005 Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic
- Biology Centre CAS, v. v. i.; Institute of Entomology; Branisovska 31 37005 Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic
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Dufresnes C, Perrin N. Effect of biogeographic history on population vulnerability in European amphibians. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2015; 29:1235-1241. [PMID: 25833793 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The genetic diversity of populations, which contributes greatly to their adaptive potential, is negatively affected by anthropogenic habitat fragmentation and destruction. However, continental-scale losses of genetic diversity also resulted from the population expansions that followed the end of the last glaciation, an element that is rarely considered in a conservation context. We addressed this issue in a meta-analysis in which we compared the spatial patterns of vulnerability of 18 widespread European amphibians in light of phylogeographic histories (glacial refugia and postglacial routes) and anthropogenic disturbances. Conservation statuses significantly worsened with distances from refugia, particularly in the context of industrial agriculture; human population density also had a negative effect. These findings suggest that features associated with the loss of genetic diversity in post-glacial amphibian populations (such as enhanced fixation load or depressed adaptive potential) may increase their susceptibility to current threats (e.g., habitat fragmentation and pesticide use). We propose that the phylogeographic status of populations (i.e., refugial vs. post-glacial) should be considered in conservation assessments for regional and national red lists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Dufresnes
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Perrin
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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