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A New HIV-1 K 28E 32-Reverse Transcriptase Variant Associated with the Rapid Expansion of CRF07_BC among Men Who Have Sex with Men. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0254522. [PMID: 36214682 PMCID: PMC9604004 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02545-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 CRF07_BC originated among injection drug users (IDUs) in China. After diffusing into men who have sex with men (MSM), CRF07_BC has shown a rapid expansion in this group; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we identified a new K28E32 variant of CRF07_BC that was characterized by five specific mutations (E28K, K32E, E248V, K249Q, and T338S) in reverse transcriptase. This variant was mainly prevalent among MSM, and was overrepresented in transmission clusters, suggesting that it could have driven the rapid expansion of CRF07_BC in MSM, though founder effects cannot be ruled out. It was descended from an evolutionary intermediate accumulating four specific mutations and formed an independent phylogenetic node with an estimated origin time in 2003. The K28E32 variant was demonstrated to have significantly higher in vitro HIV-1 replication ability than the wild type. Mutations E28K and K32E play a critical role in the improvement of in vitro HIV-1 replication ability, reflected by improved reverse transcription activity. The results could allow public health officials to use this marker (especially E28K and K32E mutations in the reverse transcriptase (RT) coding region) to target prevention measures prioritizing MSM population and persons infected with this variant for test and treat initiatives. IMPORTANCE HIV-1 has very high mutation rate that is correlated with the survival and adaption of the virus. The variants with higher transmissibility may be more selective advantage than the strains with higher virulence. Several HIV-1 variants were previously demonstrated to be correlated with higher viral load and lower CD4 T cell count. Here, we first identified a new variant (the K28E32 variant) of HIV-1 CRF07_BC, described its origin and evolutionary dynamics, and demonstrated its higher in vitro HIV-1 replication ability than the wild type. We demonstrated that five RT mutations (especially E28K and K32E) significantly improve in vitro HIV-1 replication ability. The appearance of the new K28E32 variant was associated with the rapidly increasing prevalence of CRF07_BC among MSM.
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2
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Liang Y, Han Z, Shui J, Cheng W, Zhong F, Cai Q, Wang H, Wu H, Xu H, Tang S. HIV-1 genotype is independently associated with immunodeficiency progression among Chinese men who have sex with men: an observational cohort study. HIV Med 2019; 21:279-288. [PMID: 31863622 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES HIV-1 genetic diversity is increasing among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China, but the association of HIV-1 genotype with disease progression remains to be elucidated. METHODS We collected data in an observational longitudinal cohort study of 860 HIV-1-infected MSM in Guangzhou, China between January 2008 and March 2017. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard model were used to predict the time from HIV-1 diagnosis to immunodeficiency progression (CD4 cell count < 200 cells/μl) as well as adjusted hazard ratio (aHR). RESULTS CRF01_AE and HIV-1 subtype B infection were associated with higher percentage of patients progressed to immunodeficiency and higher incidence of immunodeficiency than infection with CRF07_BC or CRF55_01B. Compared with CRF07_BC, the time from HIV-1 diagnosis to immunodeficiency were different among the major HIV-1 genotypes, which ranked as follows, in descending order: CRF07_BC (7.03 years) > CRF55_01B (5.71 years, P = 0.014; aHR 3.752, P = 0.0923) > CRF01_AE (5.18 years, P < 0.001; aHR 4.733, P = 0.0152). HIV-1 genotype, viral load and baseline CD4 T-cell count were three independent variables associated with disease progression. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm differential rates of immunodeficiency progression as a function of HIV-1 genotype. The impact of HIV-1 genotype on HIV epidemics, patient management and prevention should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z Han
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Shui
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - W Cheng
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - F Zhong
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Q Cai
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - H Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - H Wu
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - H Xu
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - S Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Wang Z, Ji X, Hao Y, Hong K, Ma L, Li D, Shao Y. Premature Stop Codon at Residue 101 within HIV-1 Rev Does Not Influence Viral Replication of Clade BC but Severely Reduces Viral Fitness of Clade B. Virol Sin 2019; 35:181-190. [PMID: 31828587 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-019-00179-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 Rev is an accessory protein that plays a key role in nuclear exportation, stabilization, and translation of the viral mRNAs. Rev of HIV-1 clade BC often shows a truncation of 16 AAs due to a premature stop codon at residue 101. This stop codon presents the highest frequency in clade BC and the lowest frequency in clade B. In order to discover the potential biological effect of this truncation on Rev activity and virus replication of clade BC, we constructed Rev expression vectors of clade BC with or without 16 AAs within C-terminal separately, and replaced the stop codon by Q in a CRF07_BC infectious clone. We found that 16 AAs truncation had no effect on expression and activity of Rev in clade BC. Also, the mutation from the stop codon to Q had no effect on virus replication of clade BC. Next, to investigate the effect of this truncation on Rev activity and replication capacity of clade B, Rev expression vectors of clade B carrying or lacking 16 AAs in C-terminal were constructed respectively, and residue Q at position 101 within Rev was substituted by the stop codon in a clade B infectious clone. It was found that 16 AAs truncation significantly down-regulated Rev expression and impaired clade B Rev activity. Furthermore, a Q-to-stop codon substitution within Rev significantly reduced viral replication fitness of clade B. These results indicate that the premature stop codon at residue 101 within Rev exerts diverse impact on viral replication among different HIV-1 clades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
- Division of Research of Virology and Immunology, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Xiaolin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
- Division of Research of Virology and Immunology, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yanling Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
- Division of Research of Virology and Immunology, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Kunxue Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
- Division of Research of Virology and Immunology, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Liying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
- Division of Research of Virology and Immunology, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
- Division of Research of Virology and Immunology, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yiming Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
- Division of Research of Virology and Immunology, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
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4
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Wu Y, Wang H, Ren X, Wan Z, Hu G, Tang S. HIV-1 CRF07_BC with a Seven Amino Acid Deletion in the gag p6 Region Dominates in HIV-1-Infected Men Who Have Sex with Men in China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2017; 33:977-983. [PMID: 28509569 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2017.0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined sequence variation in the HIV-1 gag p6 region from 27 individuals infected with HIV-1 CRF07_BC. An additional 269 gag p6 sequences of CRF07_BC from the Los Alamos National Laboratory database were also analyzed. A unique deletion of seven amino acid (aa) (p6Δ7) (aa 30-36, PIDKELY, in the HXB2 genome) was observed to exist exclusively in CRF07_BC. Indeed, 54.1% (160/296) of the CRF07_BC sequences contained the p6Δ7 mutation. The prevalence of the p6Δ7 mutation was 37.2% (29/78) and 92.3% (48/52) in CRF07_BC-infected intravenous drug users and men who have sex with men (MSM), respectively. Our results demonstrate that the p6Δ7 mutation dominates in MSM infected by HIV-1 CRF07_BC in China and suggests that this deletion could serve as a useful marker for monitoring HIV-1 evolution and epidemic. In future studies, it will be of interest to determine whether such genotypic variation influences viral replication capacity and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuqi Ren
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengwei Wan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guifang Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shixing Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Wu Y, Ren X, Yin D, Wang H, Wan Z, Li X, Hu G, Tang S. Characterization of a novel HIV-1 unique recombinant form between CRF07_BC and CRF55_01B in men who have sex with men in Guangzhou, China. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175770. [PMID: 28403241 PMCID: PMC5389846 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report the genetic diversity of HIV-1 and emergence of novel HIV-1 unique recombinant forms (URF) in both HIV-infected intravenous drug users (IDU) and men who have sex with men (MSM) in Guangzhou, China. We further characterized a novel URF strain isolated from an HIV-infected MSM, GD698. Near full-length genome (NFLG) phylogenic analysis showed that this novel URF was composed of CRF07_BC and CRF55_01B, with two recombinant breakpoints (nt 6,003 and 8,251 relative to the HXB2 genome) in the vpu/env and env genes, respectively. Twenty six percent of the genome is classified as CRF55_01B, spanning part of vpu and most of the env gene. The remaining 74% of the genome is classified as CRF07_BC. Both the backbone CRF07_BC sequence and CRF55_01B fragment were clustered with the HIV-1 isolates found in MSM. The emergence of the novel HIV-1 recombinant indicates the ongoing recombinants derived from the CRF07_BC and CRF55_01B isolates, and provides critical insights into our understanding of the dynamics and complexity of the HIV-1 epidemic in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuqi Ren
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengwei Wan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiufen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guifang Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (ST); (GH)
| | - Shixing Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (ST); (GH)
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6
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Wu J, Guo H, Zhang J, Liu X, Ayoupu A, Shen Y, Miao L, Tang J, Lei Y, Su B. The Epidemic History of HIV-1 CRF07_BC in Hetian Prefecture and the Role of It on HIV Spreading in China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2017; 33:364-367. [PMID: 27824268 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2016.0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CRF07_BC is one of the most prevalent HIV-1 strains in China, and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has ever been considered to be a second epidemic center after Yunnan Province in previous studies. Here we use HIV-1 pol gene sequences identified from Hetian Prefecture located in Xinjiang Autonomous Region to reconstruct the epidemic history of HIV CRF07_BC strain circulating in this region. We found that CRF07_BC is the predominant HIV-1 form in Hetian Prefecture, and the estimated tMRCA analysis shows that there is no enough evidence supporting Xinjiang Autonomous Region as a second epidemic center of spreading HIV-1. It may imply that every city may be only a point among the HIV spreading network because of the frequent migration of population in the whole country nowadays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Wu
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Hongxiong Guo
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Hetian Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hetian, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Hetian Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hetian, China
| | - Aideaierli Ayoupu
- Hetian Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hetian, China
| | - Yuelan Shen
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Lifeng Miao
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Jihai Tang
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Yanhua Lei
- Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Bin Su
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
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7
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Slow immunological progression in HIV-1 CRF07_BC-infected injecting drug users. Emerg Microbes Infect 2013; 2:e83. [PMID: 26038447 PMCID: PMC3880871 DOI: 10.1038/emi.2013.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) circulating recombinant form (CRF) 07_BC has caused serious HIV-1 epidemics among injecting drug users (IDUs) in East Asia. Little is known about the characteristics of the virus and its impact on disease progression among the infected individuals. In this study, we compared immunological progression between 423 IDUs infected with CRF07_BC and 194 men who have sex with men (MSM) with primary subtype B infection, and a representative full-length CRF07_BC molecular clone, pCRF07_BC, was constructed to characterize the virus. We found that IDUs infected with CRF07_BC had significantly slower immunological progression in the Cox proportional hazards model (hazard ratio: 0.30; 95% confidence interval: 0.13–0.69; P=0.004). The constructed recombinant CRF07_BC viruses had a reduced processing of the Gag/Gag-Pol polyproteins, a decreased incorporation of Vpr in the virus particle, tethering of virus particles on the plasma membrane and decreased virus growth kinetics. These phenotypes are related to the unique 7-amino acid deletion in the p6 of CRF07_BC, since complementation of the 7-amino acid in pCRF07_BC could improve the defective phenotypes. In summary, compared with MSM infected with HIV-1 subtype B, IDUs infected with CRF07_BC had slower immunological progression, which is likely correlated with interference of virus particle maturation by the 7-amino acid deletion in p6.
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8
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Qi H, Zhao K, Xu F, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Yang L, Li C, Liang X, Guo W, Chen S, Liu Z, Zhang W, Yu XF. HIV-1 diversity, drug-resistant mutations, and viral evolution among high-risk individuals in phase II HIV vaccine trial sites in southern China. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68656. [PMID: 23869225 PMCID: PMC3711821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 prevalence in Guangxi, China, has been growing since 1996, when the first case was reported. Over half of HIV-1 positive patients in Guangxi Province were injecting drug users (IDUs), possibly because of the province’s location near drug-trafficking routes. Since a phase II HIV vaccine trial is ongoing there, a current characterization of the subtypes of HIV-1 among IDUs in Guangxi would provide critical information for future HIV vaccine trials, as well as further control and prevention of HIV-1 transmission. Thus, we conducted a molecular epidemiological investigation of HIV-1 samples from 2008–2010 among IDUs in multiple cities in Guangxi Province. Our results, based on the gag/pol fragment, indicated a very high proportion (78.47%) of HIV-1 CRF08_BC recombinants, some CRF01_AE (15.38%) recombinants, and a low proportion of CRF07_BC (6.15%) recombinants among the IDUs. The high proportion of CRF08 HIV-1 strains among recent IDUs matches the vaccine candidate constructs. However, future vaccine development should also incorporate CRF01-targeted vaccine candidates. Distinct Env sequence evolution patterns were observed for CRF08_BC and CRF01_AE, indicating that different local selection pressures have been exerted on these two HIV-1 subtypes. Unique drug-resistant mutations were also detected, and our data indicate that HIV treatment programs should consider pre-existing drug-resistant mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Qi
- Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuzhao Zhang
- Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chunling Li
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xu Liang
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Weigui Guo
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Beihai, Guangxi, China
| | - Shihai Chen
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenyan Zhang
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Yu
- Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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9
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Meng Z, Xin R, F. Abubakar Y, Sun J, Wu H, Lu J, Ni Y, Zhang X, Xu J. Five new CRF07_BC near full-length sequences isolated from Sichuan, China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2013; 29:191-7. [PMID: 22931113 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2012.0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The main heroine traffic from Yunnan province to the Xinjiang Autonomous Region is believed to initiate the transmission of CRF07_BC which is the predominant strain in intravenous drug users (IDUs) in China. However, the great distances between Yunnan and Xinjiang lead to an unclear and elusive diffusion process of CRF07_BC due to the absence of an important middle site such as Sichuan province. Moreover, in recent years the rapidly increasing infection rate among IDUs in the Liangshan region of Sichuan made it necessary to characterize the genetic character of the circulating strain of Sichuan IDUs. In this study, we characterized the genetic character of seven newly isolated CRF07_BC genomes (five from Sichuan and two from Xinjiang) and analyzed the transmission linkage among strains from IDUs in different regions. By conducting Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis and reconstruction of neighbor-joining trees and maximum-likelihood trees, our results revealed the genetic variation and important role of Sichuan-derived CRF07_BC strains during the transmission of CRF07_BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhefeng Meng
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health at Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruolei Xin
- Beijing Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yassir F. Abubakar
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health at Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health at Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanmei Wu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health at Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxin Lu
- Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ya Ni
- Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health at Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqing Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Health at Shanghai Medical College, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, China CDC, Beijing, China
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