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Rani J, Dhull SB, Rose PK, Kidwai MK. Drug-induced liver injury and anti-hepatotoxic effect of herbal compounds: a metabolic mechanism perspective. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 122:155142. [PMID: 37913641 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the most challenging and thought-provoking liver problem for hepatologists owing to unregulated medication usage in medical practices, nutritional supplements, and botanicals. Due to underreporting, analysis, and identification issues, clinically evaluated medication hepatotoxicity is prevalent yet hard to quantify. PURPOSE This review's primary objective is to thoroughly compare pharmaceutical drugs and herbal compounds that have undergone clinical trials, focusing on their metabolic mechanisms contributing to the onset of liver illnesses and their hepatoprotective effects. METHODS The data was gathered from several online sources, such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, using appropriate keywords. RESULTS The prevalence of conventional and herbal medicine is rising. A comprehensive understanding of the metabolic mechanism is necessary to mitigate the hepatotoxicity induced by drugs and facilitate the incorporation or substitution of herbal medicine instead of pharmaceuticals. Moreover, pre-clinical pharmacological research has the potential to facilitate the development of natural products as therapeutic agents, displaying promising possibilities for their eventual clinical implementation. CONCLUSIONS Acetaminophen, isoniazid, rifampicin, diclofenac, and pyrogallol have been identified as the most often reported synthetic drugs that produce hepatotoxicity by oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis during the last several decades. Due to their ability to downregulate many factors (such as cytokines) and activate several enzyme/enzyme systems, herbal substances (such as Gingko biloba extract, curcumin, resveratrol, and silymarin) provide superior protection against harmful mechanisms which induce hepatotoxicity with fewer adverse effects than their synthetic counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Rani
- Department of Botany, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, India
| | - Sanju Bala Dhull
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, India.
| | - Pawan Kumar Rose
- Department of Energy and Environmental Sciences, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, India.
| | - Mohd Kashif Kidwai
- Department of Energy and Environmental Sciences, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, India
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Lee DH, Kim YK, Son Y, Park GH, Kwon HY, Park Y, Park EJ, Lee SY, Kim HJ. Multivariate Analysis among Marker Compounds, Environmental Factors, and Fruit Quality of Schisandra chinensis at Different Locations in South Korea. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3877. [PMID: 38005775 PMCID: PMC10675420 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the correlation among the contents of marker compounds, growth characteristics, and environmental factors of Schisandra chinensis fruits across South Korea. The fruits were collected from 36 cultivation sites in 28 regions across the country. We investigated nine growth characteristics, twelve soil physicochemical properties, eight meteorological data, and three marker compounds in this study. We optimized and validated an optimized method for quantifying marker compounds using UPLC and performed correlation analysis among the contents of marker compounds, growth characteristics, and environmental factors. The UPLC-UV method for analyzing marker compounds was validated by measuring linearity, LOD, LOQ, precision, and accuracy. The marker compounds were negatively correlated with the fruit size and sugar contents, and growth characteristics were negatively correlated with some physicochemical properties of the soil. The results of this study can be used as basic data for the standard cultural practices and quality control of S. chinensis fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hwan Lee
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju-si 36040, Republic of Korea; (D.H.L.); (Y.-K.K.); (Y.S.); (G.H.P.); (H.-Y.K.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Young-Ki Kim
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju-si 36040, Republic of Korea; (D.H.L.); (Y.-K.K.); (Y.S.); (G.H.P.); (H.-Y.K.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Yonghwan Son
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju-si 36040, Republic of Korea; (D.H.L.); (Y.-K.K.); (Y.S.); (G.H.P.); (H.-Y.K.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Gwang Hun Park
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju-si 36040, Republic of Korea; (D.H.L.); (Y.-K.K.); (Y.S.); (G.H.P.); (H.-Y.K.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Hae-Yun Kwon
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju-si 36040, Republic of Korea; (D.H.L.); (Y.-K.K.); (Y.S.); (G.H.P.); (H.-Y.K.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Youngki Park
- Department of Forest Bioresources, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon 16631, Republic of Korea; (Y.P.); (E.-J.P.)
| | - Eung-Jun Park
- Department of Forest Bioresources, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon 16631, Republic of Korea; (Y.P.); (E.-J.P.)
| | - Sun-Young Lee
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju-si 36040, Republic of Korea; (D.H.L.); (Y.-K.K.); (Y.S.); (G.H.P.); (H.-Y.K.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Hyun-Jun Kim
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju-si 36040, Republic of Korea; (D.H.L.); (Y.-K.K.); (Y.S.); (G.H.P.); (H.-Y.K.); (S.-Y.L.)
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Yu D, Li H, Yu J. Can Internet penetration curb the spread of infectious diseases among regions?-Analysis based on spatial spillover perspective. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1038198. [PMID: 36778573 PMCID: PMC9909401 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1038198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the outbreak of COVID-19, this paper empirically studied the impact of internet penetration on the incidence of class A and B infectious diseases among regions in spatial Dubin model, by using health panel data from 31 provinces in China from 2009 to 2018. The findings showed that: (1) The regional spillover effect of incidence of class A and B infectious diseases was significantly positive, and that is most obvious in the central regions. (2) Internet penetration not only has a positive effect on curbing the spread of infectious diseases within the local region but also help to inhibits the proximity spread of infectious diseases in neighborhood, showing the synergistic effect of "neighbor as a partner" in joint prevention and control mechanism. (3) The "digital gap" between regions, urban and rural areas, and user structures had led to significant group differences in the effect of the Internet on suppressing the spread of Class A and B infectious diseases. The findings of this paper provide a reference for understanding the potential role of the Internet in the COVID-19 and also provide policy support for the construction of Internet-based inter-regional "joint prevention and control mechanism" in public health events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Yu
- Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Li
- Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,*Correspondence: Hui Li ✉
| | - Juanjuan Yu
- Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, China,Juanjuan Yu ✉
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Shentu CY, Yan G, Xu DC, Chen Y, Peng LH. Emerging pharmaceutical therapeutics and delivery technologies for osteoarthritis therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:945876. [PMID: 36467045 PMCID: PMC9712996 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.945876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common joint degenerative diseases in the world. At present, the management of OA depends on the lifestyle modification and joint replacement surgery, with the lifespan of prosthesis quite limited yet. Effective drug treatment of OA is essential. However, the current drugs, such as the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and acetaminophen, as well as glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, are accompanied by obvious side effects, with the therapeutic efficacy to be enhanced. Recently, novel reagents such as IL-1 antagonists and nerve growth factor inhibitors have entered clinical trials. Moreover, increasing evidence demonstrated that active ingredients of natural plants have great potential for treating OA. Meanwhile, the use of novel drug delivery strategies may overcome the shortcomings of conventional preparations and enhance the bioavailability of drugs, as well as decrease the side effects significantly. This review therefore summarizes the pathological mechanisms, management strategies, and research progress in the drug molecules including the newly identified active ingredient derived from medicinal plants for OA therapy, with the drug delivery technologies also summarized, with the expectation to provide the summary and outlook for developing the next generation of drugs and preparations for OA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yu Shentu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ge Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Chen Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Hua Peng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR, China
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Srivastava M, Shanker K. Duranta erecta Linn: A critical review on phytochemistry, traditional uses, pharmacology, and toxicity from phytopharmaceutical perspective. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115274. [PMID: 35405253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Duranta erecta Linn. belonging to the Verbenaceae family is widely used in the traditional systems of medicines practiced in Bangladesh, India, Nigeria, the Philippines, and Brazil. The ethnomedicinal application as vermifuge, febrifuge, diuretic, anti-parasitic, and anti-malarial are well documented. D. erecta is also a significant source of phenylethanoid glycoside known as acteoside-a drug in clinical trials for IgA nephropathy patients. AIM OF THIS REVIEW This review aims to critically highlight the existing studies on D. erecta, including its botanical authentication, geographical distribution, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties. Critical discussion is focused on the overview and gap in knowledge for future research. Additionally, the clinical significance of its major secondary metabolite, i.e., acteoside, has also been discussed with emphasis on biosynthesis, distribution, pre-clinical, and clinical outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Professional research data from 1963 to 2021 appeared in scholarly journals, and books were retrieved from scientific database platforms viz. Sci-Finder, PubMed, CNKI, Science Direct, Web of Science, Wiley, Google Scholar, Taylor and Francis, Springer, and Scopus. The chemical structures for all the phytomolecules were validated using Sci-finder and first-hand references. While plant name and synonyms were corroborated by "The Plant List" (www.theplantlist.org). RESULTS D. erecta and its key metabolite acteoside display various biological actions like antimalarial, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antinephritic, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and antiviral properties. Acteoside literature analysis shows its presence in different stages of clinical trials for anti-nephritic, hepatoprotective, and osteoarthritic activity. The phytochemical review of D. erecta exhibited 64 compounds that have been isolated and identified from D. erecta, such as iridoid glycosides, phenylethanoid glycosides, flavonoids, steroids, phenolics, terpenoids, and saponins. The other significant secondary metabolites responsible for its medicinal properties are acteoside, durantol, pectolinaringenin, repenins, scutellarein, and repennoside. CONCLUSION Duranta erecta is one of the Verbenaceae plants, widely used in ethnomedicines having various phytochemicals with understandable pharmacological actions mainly confined at the crude extract level. However, further bioactivity-guided or fingerprint-assisted studies are required to validate the ethnomedicinal uses, concerning cellular and molecular mechanisms, quality standardization, and safety with respect to its bioactive constituent(s). Therefore, the present review identified the gap in the research on scientific validation of Duranta based ethnomedicines and may provide critical information for the development of phytopharmaceuticals/Phyto-cosmeceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumita Srivastava
- Analytical Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - Karuna Shanker
- Analytical Chemistry Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Ju Y. The Mechanism of Osthole in the Treatment of Gastric Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Technology. Appl Bionics Biomech 2022; 2022:5997895. [PMID: 35498147 PMCID: PMC9050318 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5997895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To study the mechanism of osthole in GC based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods The potential targets of osthole were predicted through the TCM System Pharmacology Analysis Platform, SwissTargetPrediction, and PharmMapper database. Targets related to gastric cancer were obtained through OMIM and GeneCard database. The online tool Venny 2.1.0 was used to screen GC and common target of osthole. The targets after the intersection of drugs and diseases were entered into the STRING database, and the protein interaction network was constructed, and the core targets with high correlation were screened out. The WebGestalt website was used to GO functional enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis and visualization with KOBAS website. The Cytoscape 3.8.2 was employed to draw the C-T-P-D (compound-target-pathway-disease) network visualization diagram. Finally, molecular docking validation was performed using PyMOL 2.5 and Discovery Studio Standalone. Results Through prediction and screening, 108 corresponding targets were screened from osthole, and 173 targets were obtained after intersecting with gastric cancer targets. Among them, the top ten targets were the core targets of this study, including MAPK3, MAPK1, SRC, AKT1, HSP90AA1, RXRA, ESR1, RELA, MAPK14, and EGFR. The analysis of GO, KEGG, and PPI showed that the mechanism of action of osthole against GC may be closely related to the regulation of the PI3K signaling pathway. The results of molecular docking showed that osthole had a good affinity with MAPK3, which is a crucial part of the PI3K signaling pathway. Conclusion This study preliminarily revealed the targets and related pathways of osthole in the treatment of gastric cancer and provided a new idea for further exploration of osthole targeted prevention and treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjie Ju
- Medical College of China Three Gorges University, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
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Dai Q, Xie D, Zhang C, Zhu L, Xu Y, Li K, Hao W, Yin H. Osthole Blocks HMGB1 Release From the Nucleus and Confers Protective Effects Against Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Front Physiol 2022; 12:735425. [PMID: 35002751 PMCID: PMC8727455 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.735425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) is one of the main causes of renal injury. In severe cases with serious consequences, IR-related renal damage progresses rapidly and can even lead to acute renal failure. Its clinical treatment is currently difficult. According to various studies at home and abroad, HMGB1 is released from the nucleus into the cytoplasm or extracellular space by damaged parenchymal cells during ischemia and hypoxia, and this plays an important role in the initiation of reperfusion injury as an early inflammatory factor and is closely related to the occurrence and development of renal diseases. In recent years, the protective effect of osthole on IR of tissues and organs has been a key topic among clinical researchers. Osthole can inhibit the inflammatory response, reduce cell apoptosis the progression, and improve the prognosis of IR, thus protecting the kidney. During the development of renal IR, finding a mechanism through which the osthole blocks the release of HMGB1 from the nucleus would be helpful in detecting targets for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Dai
- Department of Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China.,North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Deqiong Xie
- Department of Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China
| | - Chenli Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China
| | - Kui Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China
| | - Wen Hao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China
| | - Hefei Yin
- Department of Nephrology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China
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Casati G, Giunti L, Iorio AL, Marturano A, Galli L, Sardi I. Hippo Pathway in Regulating Drug Resistance of Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413431. [PMID: 34948224 PMCID: PMC8705144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) represents the most common and malignant tumor of the Central Nervous System (CNS), affecting both children and adults. GBM is one of the deadliest tumor types and it shows a strong multidrug resistance (MDR) and an immunosuppressive microenvironment which remain a great challenge to therapy. Due to the high recurrence of GBM after treatment, the understanding of the chemoresistance phenomenon and how to stimulate the antitumor immune response in this pathology is crucial. The deregulation of the Hippo pathway is involved in tumor genesis, chemoresistance and immunosuppressive nature of GBM. This pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway with a kinase cascade core, which controls the translocation of YAP (Yes-Associated Protein)/TAZ (Transcriptional Co-activator with PDZ-binding Motif) into the nucleus, leading to regulation of organ size and growth. With this review, we want to highlight how chemoresistance and tumor immunosuppression work in GBM and how the Hippo pathway has a key role in them. We linger on the role of the Hippo pathway evaluating the effect of its de-regulation among different human cancers. Moreover, we consider how different pathways are cross-linked with the Hippo signaling in GBM genesis and the hypothetical mechanisms responsible for the Hippo pathway activation in GBM. Furthermore, we describe various drugs targeting the Hippo pathway. In conclusion, all the evidence described largely support a strong involvement of the Hippo pathway in gliomas progression, in the activation of chemoresistance mechanisms and in the development of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Therefore, this pathway is a promising target for the treatment of high grade gliomas and in particular of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Casati
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.G.); (A.L.I.); (A.M.); (I.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Laura Giunti
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.G.); (A.L.I.); (A.M.); (I.S.)
| | - Anna Lisa Iorio
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.G.); (A.L.I.); (A.M.); (I.S.)
| | - Arianna Marturano
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.G.); (A.L.I.); (A.M.); (I.S.)
| | - Luisa Galli
- Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Iacopo Sardi
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.G.); (A.L.I.); (A.M.); (I.S.)
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Abosharaf HA, Diab T, Atlam FM, Mohamed TM. Osthole extracted from a citrus fruit that affects apoptosis on A549 cell line by histone deacetylasese inhibition (HDACs). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 28:e00531. [PMID: 33014717 PMCID: PMC7522091 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the interactions between osthole extracted from Egyptian citrus fruits as HDACs inhibitor by theoretical study and practically. Besides, osthole was assed as anti-cancer activity. In this study, osthole was extracted from the Egyptian citrus fruit and was characterized. The role of osthole as in vitro inhibitor of HDACs was estimated and evaluated the antitumor activity against human lung cancer cells (A549), Caspase-9 activity was detected. The results obtained from GC-MS indicate that the grapefruit showed the highest osthole concentration compared to the other citrus fruits. Moreover, the grapefruit osthole competitively inhibits HDACs. The inhibition constant value, (Ki=3.36 mM), indicates that osthole exerts an inhibitory effect upon HDACs activity. In vitro study of osthole could inhibit the growth of A549 cells that depend on time and concentration. It also induces apoptosis and causes an increase of caspase-9 by osthole. In conclusion, grapefruit osthole could induce the apoptosis in A549 lung cancer cells by inhibiting the histone deacetylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed A Abosharaf
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Thoria Diab
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Faten M Atlam
- Theoretical Applied Chemistry Unit (TACO), Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Tarek M Mohamed
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Zhou WB, Zhang XX, Cai Y, Sun W, Li H. Osthole prevents tamoxifen-induced liver injury in mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2019; 40:608-619. [PMID: 30315252 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-018-0171-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen (TMX) is an antiestrogen drug that is used in the treatment and prevention of all stages of estrogen-dependent breast cancer. Adverse effects of TMX include hepatotoxicity. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of osthole, isolated from medicinal plants especially Fructus Cnidii, on TMX-induced acute liver injury in mice. Mice were injected with osthole (100 mg/kg, ip) or vehicle, followed by TMX (90 mg/kg, ip) 24 h later. We showed that a single injection of TMX-induced liver injury and oxidative stress. Pretreatment with osthole attenuated TMX-induced liver injury evidenced by dose-dependent reduction of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities. Pretreatment with osthole also blunted TMX-induced oxidative stress, evidenced by significant increase of reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Consistently, osthole significantly enhanced the expressions of antioxidant genes (GPX1, SOD2, GCL-c, and G6pdh), but suppressed those of pro-oxidant genes (NOX2 and ACOX). Furthermore, osthole inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines, reduced the metabolic activation of TMX, and promoted its clearance. We further revealed that osthole elevated hepatic cAMP and cGMP levels, but inhibition of PKA or PKG failed to abolish the hepatoprotective effect of osthole. Meanwhile, prominent phosphorylation of p38 was observed in liver in response to TMX, which was significantly inhibited by osthole. Pretreatment with SB203580, a p38 inhibitor, significantly attenuated TMX-induced increase of ALT and AST activities, reduced oxidative stress, and reversed the alterations of gene expression caused by TMX. Moreover, pretreatment with L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of GSH synthesis, partly reversed the effect of osthole on TMX-induced liver injury. Consistently, pretreatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) significantly attenuated TMX-induced increase in ALT and AST activities. Notably, both BSO and NAC had no detectable effect on the phosphorylation levels of p38. Collectively, our results suggest that osthole prevents TMX hepatotoxicity by suppressing p38 activation and subsequently reducing TMX-induced oxidative damage.
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Tao L, Gu X, Xu E, Ren S, Zhang L, Liu W, Lin X, Yang J, Chen C. Osthole protects against Ang II-induced endotheliocyte death by targeting NF-κB pathway and Keap-1/Nrf2 pathway. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:142-159. [PMID: 30787975 PMCID: PMC6357313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Osthole, the main active constituents in traditional Chinese medicine fructus cnidii, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. Apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells is an important cause of cardiovascular disease. Inflammation and oxidative stress are two key factors in injury of endotheliocyte. In this study, we investigated the effect of osthole on Ang II-induced apoptosis of rat aortic endothelial cells (RAECs) and explored the underlying mechanisms. In the present study, the protective effects of osthole on RAECs induced by Ang II in vitro were tested. Additionally, molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were utilized to investigate the potential binding mode of osthole to NF-κB and Keap1. Our results showed osthole remarkably attenuates Ang II-induced apoptosis of RAECs via alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress. Molecular docking and MD simulations revealed the potential interaction of osthole bind to the P65 subunit of NF-κB and the Keap1 protein, an adaptor for the degradation of Nrf2. We further found that osthole decreased Ang II-induced inflammation and oxidative stress through respectively modulating NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways in RAECs. These studies provide evidence that osthole may represent a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyuan Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou First People's Hospital Taizhou 318020, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xingjian Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou First People's Hospital Taizhou 318020, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Enguo Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou First People's Hospital Taizhou 318020, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Shijia Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou First People's Hospital Taizhou 318020, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou First People's Hospital Taizhou 318020, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Wenhua Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou First People's Hospital Taizhou 318020, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou First People's Hospital Taizhou 318020, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jianguang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou First People's Hospital Taizhou 318020, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Changgong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou First People's Hospital Taizhou 318020, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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Ihegboro GO, Ononamadu CJ, Afor E, Odogiyan GD. Cytotoxic and Hepatocurative Effect of Aqueous Fraction of Tapinanthus bangwensis Against Paracetamol-Induced Hepatotoxicity. J Evid Based Integr Med 2018; 23:2515690X18801577. [PMID: 30261739 PMCID: PMC6166302 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x18801577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants over time have proven to have potential to manage a huge number of
diseases and disorders and thus have become a great source of pharmaceutical drugs. One of
such plants is Tapinanthus bangwensis (African mistletoe). It is a
semiparasitic and epiphytic plant growing on citrus tree, obtaining its food
photosynthetically while its nutrient and water is got from the host plant. The aim of
this study was to determine the cytotoxicological and hepatocurative effect of aqueous
fraction of T bangwensis in acetaminophen (paracetamol)-induced Wistar
rats. The antioxidant potential of the plant was determined by
2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazine scavenging and ferric reducing power assays. The cytotoxic
effect was determined using Allium cepa test while the liver biochemical
indices were determined by standard protocols. Data obtained were analyzed by 2-way
analysis of variance at 95% confidence level and reported as mean ± standard deviation.
The concentrated aqueous fraction of T bangwensis was found to be 23.3 g
(58.25%). Quantitative determination of some vital phytochemicals revealed the following:
flavonoid (84.6 ± 0.41 mg/100 g), phenol (147.5 ± 1.07 mg/100 g), tannin (31 ± 0.85 mg/
100 g), alkaloid (23.45 ± 0.09 mg/100 g), and saponin (0.146 ± 0.0 mg/100 g). Treatment of
rats with the aqueous extract of T bangwensis significantly decreased
paracetamol-induced elevation of activities of liver function indices, alkaline
phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, triglyceride, total
cholesterol level and increased the albumin, total protein, and high-density lipoprotein
levels. The plant extract also attenuated the paracetamol elevated lipid peroxidation
product, malondialdehyde. The research findings suggest that aqueous extract of T
bangwensis is slightly cytotoxic, possesses appreciable antioxidant property
and exhibited hepatocurative effect against paracetamol-induced hepatoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godwin O Ihegboro
- 1 Nigeria Police Academy, Wudil, Kano State, Nigeria.,2 Bayero University, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Chimaobi J Ononamadu
- 1 Nigeria Police Academy, Wudil, Kano State, Nigeria.,2 Bayero University, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - E Afor
- 3 Yaba College of Technology, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
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Wu Y, Li ZC, Yao LQ, Li M, Tang M. Schisandrin B alleviates acute oxidative stress via modulation of the Nrf2/Keap1-mediated antioxidant pathway. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2018; 44:1-6. [PMID: 29742356 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Schisandrin B (Sch B), one of the main effective components of the dried fruit of Schisandra chinensis, protects neurons from oxidative stress in the central nervous system. Here we investigated the neuroprotective effect of Sch B against damage caused by acute oxidative stress and attempted to define the possible mechanisms. Using the elevated plus maze and open field test, we found that forced swimming, an acute stressor, significantly induced anxiety-like behavior that was alleviated by oral Sch B treatment. In addition, the Sch B treatment reduced toxicity, malondialdehyde levels, and production of reactive oxygen species, an important factor for neuron damage. Antioxidants under the control of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway, such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione, were significantly increased by Sch B treatment. Moreover, a higher percentage of intact cells in the amygdala of treated mice, revealed by Nissl staining, further verified the neuroprotective effect of Sch B. Several proteins, such as Nrf2 and its endogenous inhibitor Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), were abnormally expressed in mice subjected to forced swimming, but this abnormal expression was significantly reversed by Sch B treatment. Our results suggest that Sch B may be a potential therapeutic agent against anxiety associated with oxidative stress. The possible mechanism is neuroprotection through enhanced antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- a Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
| | - Zheng-Cai Li
- b Department of Ear-Nose-Throat, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
| | - Li-Qing Yao
- a Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
| | - Mai Li
- a Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
| | - Mei Tang
- a Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
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Vengoji R, Macha MA, Batra SK, Shonka NA. Natural products: a hope for glioblastoma patients. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22194-22219. [PMID: 29774132 PMCID: PMC5955138 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive malignant tumors with an overall dismal survival averaging one year despite multimodality therapeutic interventions including surgery, radiotherapy and concomitant and adjuvant chemotherapy. Few drugs are FDA approved for GBM, and the addition of temozolomide (TMZ) to standard therapy increases the median survival by only 2.5 months. Targeted therapy appeared promising in in vitro monolayer cultures, but disappointed in preclinical and clinical trials, partly due to the poor penetration of drugs through the blood brain barrier (BBB). Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have intrinsic resistance to initial chemoradiation therapy (CRT) and acquire further resistance via deregulation of many signaling pathways. Due to the failure of classical chemotherapies and targeted drugs, research efforts focusing on the use of less toxic agents have increased. Interestingly, multiple natural compounds have shown antitumor and apoptotic effects in TMZ resistant and p53 mutant GBM cell lines and also displayed synergistic effects with TMZ. In this review, we have summarized the current literature on natural products or product analogs used to modulate the BBB permeability, induce cell death, eradicate CSCs and sensitize GBM to CRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghupathy Vengoji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Muzafar A. Macha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Nicole A. Shonka
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology and Hematology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
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Silibinin Induced Human Glioblastoma Cell Apoptosis Concomitant with Autophagy through Simultaneous Inhibition of mTOR and YAP. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6165192. [PMID: 29780826 PMCID: PMC5892302 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6165192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Silibinin, also known as silybin, is the major flavonolignan isolated from Silybum marianum. Although previous reports demonstrated that silibinin exhibits significant tumor suppressor activities in various cancers by promoting cell apoptosis, it was also shown to trigger autophagy to counteract apoptosis induced by exogenous stresses in several types of cells. However, there is no report to address the role of silibinin induced autophagy in human A172 and SR glioblastoma cells. Our study showed that silibinin treatment not only inhibited the metabolic activities of glioblastoma cells but also promoted their apoptosis through the regulation of caspase 3 and PARP-1 in concentration- and time-dependent manners. Meanwhile, silibinin induced autophagy through upregulation of microtubule-associated protein a light chain 3- (LC3-) II. And autophagy inhibition with chloroquine, a lysosomotropic agent, significantly enhanced silibinin induced glioblastoma cell apoptosis. Moreover, silibinin dose-dependently downregulated the phosphorylation levels of mTOR at Ser-2448, p70S6K at Thr-389, and 4E-BP1 at Thr-37/46. Furthermore, the expression of YAP, the downstream effector of Hippo signal pathway, was also suppressed by silibinin. These results suggested that silibinin induced glioblastoma cell apoptosis concomitant with autophagy which might be due to simultaneous inhibition of mTOR and YAP and silibinin induced autophagy exerted a protective role against cell apoptosis in both A172 and SR cells.
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Osthole prevents acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:74-84. [PMID: 29022574 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose leads to severe hepatotoxicity. Osthole, a natural coumarin found in traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, has therapeutic potential in the treatment of various diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of osthole against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Mice were administered osthole (100 mg·kg-1·d-1, ip) for 3 d, then on the fourth day APAP (300 mg/kg, ip) was co-administered with osthole. The mice were euthanized post-APAP, their serum and livers were collected for analysis. Pretreatment with osthole significantly attenuated APAP-induced hepatocyte necrosis and the increases in ALT and AST activities. Compared with the mice treated with APAP alone, osthole pretreatment significantly reduced serum MDA levels and hepatic H2O2 levels, and improved liver GSH levels and the GSSG-to-GSH ratio. Meanwhile, osthole pretreatment markedly alleviated the APAP-induced up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines in the livers, and inhibited the expression of hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes, but it increased the expression of hepatic UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) and sulfotransferases (SULTs). Furthermore, osthole pretreatment reversed APAP-induced reduction of hepatic cAMP levels, but pretreatment with H89, a potent selective PKA inhibitor, failed to abolish the beneficial effect of osthole, whereas pretreatment with L-buthionine sulfoximine, a GSH synthesis inhibitor, abrogated the protective effects of osthole on APAP-induced liver injury, and abolished osthole-caused alterations in APAP-metabolizing enzymes. In cultured murine primary hepatocytes and Raw264.7 cells, however, osthole (40 μmol/L) did not alleviate APAP-induced cell death, but it significantly suppressed APAP-caused elevation of inflammatory cytokines. Collectively, we have demonstrated that osthole exerts a preventive effect against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity by inhibiting the metabolic activation of APAP and enhancing its clearance through an antioxidation mechanism.
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Sun W, Cai Y, Zhang XX, Chen H, Lin YD, Li H. Osthole pretreatment alleviates TNBS-induced colitis in mice via both cAMP/PKA-dependent and independent pathways. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2017; 38:1120-1128. [PMID: 28603288 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osthole, a natural coumarin found in traditional Chinese medicinal plants, has shown multiple biological activities. In the present study, we investigated the preventive effects of osthole on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Colitis was induced in mice by infusing TNBS into the colonic lumen. Before TNBS treatment, the mice received osthole (100 mg·kg-1·d-1, ip) for 3 d. Pretreatment with osthole significantly ameliorated the clinical scores, colon length shortening, colonic histopathological changes and the expression of inflammatory mediators in TNBS-induced colitis. Pretreatment with osthole elevated serum cAMP levels; but treatment with the PKA inhibitor H89 (10 mg·kg-1·d-1, ip) did not abolish the beneficial effects of osthole on TNBS-induced colitis. In mouse peritoneal macrophages, pretreatment with osthole (50 μmol/L) significantly attenuated the LPS-induced elevation of cytokines at the mRNA level; inhibition of PKA completely reversed the inhibitory effects of osthole on IL-1β, IL-6, COX2, and MCP-1 but not on TNFα. In Raw264.7 cells, the p38 inhibitor SB203580 markedly suppressed LPS-induced upregulation of the cytokines, whereas the PKA inhibitors H89 or KT5720 did not abolish the inhibitory effects of SB203580. Moreover, in LPS-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages, SB203580 strongly inhibited the restored expression of IL-1β, IL-6, COX2, and MCP-1, which was achieved by abolishing the suppressive effects of osthole with the PKA inhibitors. Western blot analysis showed that osthole significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of p38, which was induced by TNBS in mice or by LPS in Raw264.7 cells. Inhibition of PKA partially reversed the suppressive effects of osthole on p38 phosphorylation in LPS-stimulated cells. Collectively, our results suggest that osthole is effective in the prevention of TNBS-induced colitis by reducing the expression of inflammatory mediators and attenuating p38 phosphorylation via both cAMP/PKA-dependent and independent pathways, among which the cAMP/PKA-independent pathway plays a major role.
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Li Y, Wang Y, Li Y, Qian Z, Zhu L, Yang D. Osthole attenuates pulmonary arterial hypertension in monocrotaline‑treated rats. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:2823-2829. [PMID: 28677726 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an insidious and progressive disease that is triggered by various cardiopulmonary diseases. Inflammation has an important role in the progression of PAH. Osthole (Ost) is a coumarin that has clear anti‑inflammatory properties. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Ost on PAH, and to explore the mechanism underlying this effect. Using the monocrotaline (MCT)‑induced PAH rat model, the effects of Ost on PAH were investigated. Rats were subcutaneously administered a single dose of MCT (50 mg/kg) to establish the PAH model, followed by daily treatment with Ost (10 or 20 mg/kg) by gavage for 28 days. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) was measured and histological analysis was performed. The results demonstrated that Ost significantly decreased mPAP, and reduced thickening of the pulmonary artery, compared with in rats in the MCT group. To further determine whether the effects of Ost on MCT‑induced PAH were associated with inflammatory responses, the nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB) p65 signaling pathway was investigated by western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that Ost increased inhibition of the NF‑κB p65 signaling pathway. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrate that Ost may suppress the progression of MCT‑induced PAH in rats, which may be, at least partially, mediated through modulation of the NF‑κB p65 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeli Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Yingwan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Yiqi Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519041, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Qian
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
| | - Danli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China
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KEMELO MK, KUTINOVÁ CANOVÁ N, HORINEK A, FARGHALI H. Sirtuin-Activating Compounds (STACs) Alleviate D-Galactosamine/Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats: Involvement of Sirtuin 1 and Heme Oxygenase 1. Physiol Res 2017; 66:497-505. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin activating compounds (STACs) attenuate various type of liver insults through mechanisms which are not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the ameliorative potential of quercetin (natural polyphenol) and SRT1720 (synthetic SIRT1 activator) against D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide-induced hepatotoxicity (an experimental model of acute liver failure). Moreover, we compared and contrasted the roles of stress responsive enzymes, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in hepatoprotection/ hepatotoxicity. Liver injury was induced in male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine (400 mg/kg) and lipopolysaccharide (10 µg/kg). Some animals were pretreated with quercetin (50 mg/kg i.p.) or SRT1720 (5 mg/kg i.p.). Twenty-four hours later, the effects of these treatments were evaluated by biochemical studies and Western blot. D-GalN/LPS treatment upregulated HO-1 expression, downregulated SIRT1 expression, decreased AST:ALT ratio and markedly increased bilirubin, catalase and conjugated diene levels. Pretreatment of D-GalN/LPS rats with either quercetin or SRT1720 returned SIRT1 expression, HO-1 expression and all the aforementioned markers towards normal. Collectively, these findings suggest that elevated HO-1 and low SIRT1 expressions are involved in the pathogenesis of D-GalN/LPS-induced hepatotoxicity. Drugs that downregulate HO-1 and/or upregulate SIRT1 seem to have antihepatotoxic effects and need further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. K. KEMELO
- Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
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Lin TH, Yen HR, Chiang JH, Sun MF, Chang HH, Huang ST. The use of Chinese herbal medicine as an adjuvant therapy to reduce incidence of chronic hepatitis in colon cancer patients: A Taiwanese population-based cohort study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 202:225-233. [PMID: 28330722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE There is a decided lack of in-depth studies to evaluate the effectiveness of Chinese Herbal Medicine (CHM) as an adjuvant therapy on the incidence of chronic hepatitis in patients with colon cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to assess whether CHM treatment decreased the incidence of chronic hepatitis in colon cancer patients who received conventional Western medical treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS A Taiwanese nationwide population-based study of colon cancer patients receiving Western medicine treatment in conjunction with CHM treatment, using data provided by the National Health Insurance (NHI) Research Database, was conducted. A total of 61676 patients were diagnosed with colon cancer in Taiwan within the defined study period, from 1997 to 2010. After randomly equal matching for age, sex, excluding patients younger than 18 years of age, chronic hepatitis before colon cancer diagnosis date, receiving acupuncture and/or moxibustion and taking CHM for less than 30 days, data from 155 patients were analyzed. Hazard ratios of incidence rate of chronic hepatitis were used to determine the influence of CHM and the therapeutic potential of herbal products in treating patients with colon cancer. RESULTS CHM used for patients with colon cancer exhibited significantly decreased incidence rates of chronic hepatitis [hazard ratio (HR)=0.53; 95% confidence interval (CI):0.38-0.74], with multivariate adjustment, compared to those without CHM use. The protective effect of CHM treatment with statistical significance across the stratification of age, gender, co-morbidity and treatment modality was noted. The cumulative incidence of chronic hepatitis was also reduced in patients with colon cancer receiving CHM treatment during a five-year period. In this study, we provide the ten most used single herbs and herbal formulas that were prescribed for patients with colon cancer; moreover, we identify the eight single herbs and five formulas used in CHM treatment which significantly decreased incidence of chronic hepatitis among colon cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS This nationwide retrospective cohort study determined that therapy using CHM as an adjuvant modality may have a significant impact on liver protection in patients with colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Hui Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Hung-Rong Yen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Jen-Huai Chiang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Mao-Feng Sun
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Hen-Hong Chang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC.
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Amin KA, Hashem KS, Alshehri FS, Awad ST, Hassan MS. Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Efficiency of Selenium Nanoparticles Against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatic Damage. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 175:136-145. [PMID: 27220627 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0748-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Overdoses of acetaminophen (APAP), a famous and widely used drug, may have hepatotoxic effects. Nanoscience is a novel scientific discipline that provides specific tools for medical science problems including using nano trace elements in hepatic diseases. Our study aimed to assess the hepatoprotective role of selenium nanoparticles (Nano-Se) against APAP-induced hepatic injury. Twenty-four male rats were classified into three equal groups: a control group that received 0.9 % NaCl, an APAP-treated group (oral administration), and a group treated with Nano-Se (10-20 nm, intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection) and APAP (oral administration). APAP overdose induced significant elevations in liver function biomarkers, hepatic lipid peroxidation, hepatic catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the reduced glutathione (GSH) content and glutathione reductase (GR) activity, and stimulated significant DNA damage in hepatocytes, compared to control rats. Nano-Se administration improved the hepatic antioxidant protection mechanism and decreased cellular sensitivity to DNA fragmentation. Nano-Se exhibits a protective effect against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity through improved liver function and oxidative stress mediated by catalase, SOD, and GSH and decreases hepatic DNA fragmentation, a hepatic biomarker of cell death. Nano-Se could be a novel hepatoprotective strategy to inhibit oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Adel Amin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Dammam, PO Box 383, Dammam, 31113, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni-Suef City, Egypt.
| | - Khalid Shaban Hashem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni-Suef City, Egypt
| | - Fawziah Saleh Alshehri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Dammam, PO Box 383, Dammam, 31113, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Said T Awad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Hassan
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni-Suef City, Egypt
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Cytokine production by PBMC and serum from allergic and non-allergic subjects following in vitro histamine stimulation to test fexofenadine and osthole anti-allergic properties. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 791:763-772. [PMID: 27756601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
FXF is a third-generation antihistamine drug and osthole is assumed a natural antihistamine alternative. This paper compares peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) incubation with FXF and osthole, by studying FXF, osthole and histamine cytokine secretion in PBMC in vitro cultures. Mabtech kits determined the interleukins IL-1β, IL-4, IL-10, IL-13 and TNF-α. The influence of the above active substances on cytokine secretion in PBMC's and serum was assessed: cytokines were IL-1β, IL-4, IL-10, IL-13 and TNF-α; and cytokine levels secreted by untreated PBMCs in pure culture medium formed the absolute control (ctrl). We determined that osthole affects PBMC cytokine secretion to almost precisely the same extent as FXF (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-10 and TNF). In addition osthole had greater IL-13 blocking ability than FXF. Moreover, we observed significantly decreased IL-4 level in histamine/osthole theatment compared to histamine alone. Meanwhile, FXF not significantly decrease the level of IL-4 increased by histamine. This data indicates osthole's strong role in allergic inflamation. All results confirm our hypothesis that osthole is a natural histamine antagonist and therefore can be beneficially used in antihistamine treatment of conditions such as allergies.
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Xu XH, Li T, Fong CMV, Chen X, Chen XJ, Wang YT, Huang MQ, Lu JJ. Saponins from Chinese Medicines as Anticancer Agents. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21101326. [PMID: 27782048 PMCID: PMC6272920 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Saponins are glycosides with triterpenoid or spirostane aglycones that demonstrate various pharmacological effects against mammalian diseases. To promote the research and development of anticancer agents from saponins, this review focuses on the anticancer properties of several typical naturally derived triterpenoid saponins (ginsenosides and saikosaponins) and steroid saponins (dioscin, polyphyllin, and timosaponin) isolated from Chinese medicines. These saponins exhibit in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects, such as anti-proliferation, anti-metastasis, anti-angiogenesis, anti-multidrug resistance, and autophagy regulation actions. In addition, related signaling pathways and target proteins involved in the anticancer effects of saponins are also summarized in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Huang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Chi Man Vivienne Fong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Xiao-Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Yi-Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Ming-Qing Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
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Song YN, Zhang GB, Lu YY, Chen QL, Yang L, Wang ZT, Liu P, Su SB. Huangqi decoction alleviates dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver fibrosis: An analysis of bile acids metabolic mechanism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 189:148-156. [PMID: 27196295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Huangqi Decoction (HQD), a classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, is used to treating liver injury in China. The aim of the study is to investigate mechanisms of HQD against dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced liver fibrosis underlying metabolic profiles of bile acids. MATERIALS AND METHODS DMN-induced liver fibrosis rats were administrated HQD and its compounds, astragalosides (AS), glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and their combination. The anti-fibrosis effects were evaluated and targeted metabolomics by UPLC-MS was used to examine whether HQD had an influence on bile acid metabolism. The levels of mRNAs associated with bile acid metabolism were expressed by RT-PCR. Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA)-induced hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) proliferation and activation were examined using MTS assay and Western blot. RESULTS Histopathological changes and serum liver function in HQD group had significant improvements (P<0.01). Concentrations of free bile acids and taurine conjugates were significantly increased in DMN group (P<0.05). HQD and its compounds restored the increased bile acids to normal levels, and HQD was more effected on parts of bile acids. Furthermore, the levels of mRNAs related bile acid synthesis and reabsorption such as CYP7A1, CYP8B1, CYP27A1, OATP2, OATP3, OATP4 and NTCP were significantly down-regulated in DMN group (P<0.05), mRNAs related excretion such as MRP3 and BESP were up-regulated (P<0.01), and CYP7A1, CYP8B1, OATP3, OATP4, NTCP and MRP3 restored to normal levels by HQD treatment. Moreover, CDCA-induced HSCs proliferation and activation were weaken by HQD (P<0.05) with down-regulated α-SMA, TGF-β1, p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 expressions. CONCLUSIONS HQD alleviated DMN-induced liver fibrosis with a better effect than its compounds, which may be involved in the regulation of bile acid metabolism enzyme. Moreover, HQD may inhibit CDCA-induced HSCs proliferation and activation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Astragalus propinquus
- Bile Acids and Salts/blood
- Biomarkers/blood
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/enzymology
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/genetics
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/pathology
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/prevention & control
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
- Dimethylnitrosamine
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
- Hepatic Stellate Cells/drug effects
- Hepatic Stellate Cells/enzymology
- Hepatic Stellate Cells/pathology
- Hydroxyproline/metabolism
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/enzymology
- Liver/pathology
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/chemically induced
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/enzymology
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/genetics
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/pathology
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/prevention & control
- Male
- Mass Spectrometry
- Metabolomics/methods
- Protective Agents/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats, Wistar
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Song
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Gui-Biao Zhang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yi-Yu Lu
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Qi-Long Chen
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Li Yang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and System biology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China.
| | - Zheng-Tao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Ping Liu
- E-institutes of Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Shi-Bing Su
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Complexity System, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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He G, Tang Y, Hao Y, Shi J, Gao R. Preparation and application of magnetic molecularly imprinted nanoparticles for the selective extraction of osthole inLibanotis Buchtomensisherbal extract. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:2313-20. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaiyan He
- Institute of Analytical Science, School of Science; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
- School of Pharmacy; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Yuhai Tang
- Institute of Analytical Science, School of Science; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
- School of Pharmacy; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Yi Hao
- Institute of Analytical Science, School of Science; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
- School of Pharmacy; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Juan Shi
- School of Pharmacy; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Ruixia Gao
- Institute of Analytical Science, School of Science; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
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Hepatoprotective Activity of Herbal Composition SAL, a Standardize Blend Comprised of Schisandra chinensis, Artemisia capillaris, and Aloe barbadensis. J Nutr Metab 2016; 2016:3530971. [PMID: 27066270 PMCID: PMC4811106 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3530971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Some botanicals have been reported to possess antioxidative activities acting as scavengers of free radicals rendering their usage in herbal medicine. Here we describe the potential use of “SAL,” a standardized blend comprised of three extracts from Schisandra chinensis, Artemisia capillaris, and Aloe barbadensis, in mitigating chemically induced acute liver toxicities. Acetaminophen and carbon tetrachloride induced acute liver toxicity models in mice were utilized. Hepatic functional tests from serum collected at T24 and hepatic glutathione and superoxide dismutases from liver homogenates were evaluated. Histopathology analysis and merit of blending 3 standardized extracts were also confirmed. Statistically significant and dose-correlated inhibitions in serum ALT ranging from 52.5% (p = 0.004) to 34.6% (p = 0.05) in the APAP and 46.3% (p < 0.001) to 29.9% (p = 0.02) in the CCl4 models were observed for SAL administered at doses of 400–250 mg/kg. Moreover, SAL resulted in up to 60.6% and 80.2% reductions in serums AST and bile acid, respectively. The composition replenished depleted hepatic glutathione in association with an increase of hepatic superoxide dismutase. Unexpected synergistic protection from liver damage was also observed. Therefore, the composition SAL could be potentially utilized as an effective hepatic-detoxification agent for the protection from liver damage.
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Singh D, Cho WC, Upadhyay G. Drug-Induced Liver Toxicity and Prevention by Herbal Antioxidants: An Overview. Front Physiol 2016; 6:363. [PMID: 26858648 PMCID: PMC4726750 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is the center for drug and xenobiotic metabolism, which is influenced most with medication/xenobiotic-mediated toxic activity. Drug-induced hepatotoxicity is common and its actual frequency is hard to determine due to underreporting, difficulties in detection or diagnosis, and incomplete observation of exposure. The death rate is high, up to about 10% for drug-induced liver damage. Endorsed medications represented >50% of instances of intense liver failure in a study from the Acute Liver Failure Study Group of the patients admitted in 17 US healing facilities. Albeit different studies are accessible uncovering the mechanistic aspects of medication prompted hepatotoxicity, we are in the dilemma about the virtual story. The expanding prevalence and effectiveness of Ayurveda and natural products in the treatment of various disorders led the investigators to look into their potential in countering drug-induced liver toxicity. Several natural products have been reported to date to mitigate the drug-induced toxicity. The dietary nature and less adverse reactions of the natural products provide them an extra edge over other candidates of supplementary medication. In this paper, we have discussed the mechanism involved in drug-induced liver toxicity and the potential of herbal antioxidants as supplementary medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Singh
- Department of Biology, City College of New York New York, NY, USA
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Osthole: A Review on Its Bioactivities, Pharmacological Properties, and Potential as Alternative Medicine. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:919616. [PMID: 26246843 PMCID: PMC4515521 DOI: 10.1155/2015/919616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews the latest understanding of biological and pharmacological properties of osthole (7-methoxy-8-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one), a natural product found in several medicinal plants such as Cnidium monnieri and Angelica pubescens. In vitro and in vivo experimental results have revealed that osthole demonstrates multiple pharmacological actions including neuroprotective, osteogenic, immunomodulatory, anticancer, hepatoprotective, cardiovascular protective, and antimicrobial activities. In addition, pharmacokinetic studies showed osthole uptake and utilization are fast and efficient in body. Moreover, the mechanisms of multiple pharmacological activities of osthole are very likely related to the modulatory effect on cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cGMP) level, though some mechanisms remain unclear. This review aims to summarize the pharmacological properties of osthole and give an overview of the underlying mechanisms, which showcase its potential as a multitarget alternative medicine.
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Wang Y, Sun Y. Clinical experiences with molecular targeted therapy in lung cancer in China. Thorac Cancer 2015; 6:379-84. [PMID: 26273390 PMCID: PMC4511313 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, a dramatic shift has been witnessed in cancer therapy in China. Although traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy still remains the treatment of choice for many malignancies, targeted therapies are now a component of treatment for many types of cancer, including lung cancer. As molecular target agents are widely used in clinical practice and relevant studies have been conducted, we have accumulated valuable experience in the treatment strategy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. On this basis we have successfully developed our Class-I new drug through independent research, which significantly accelerates the clinical development of targeted therapy for lung cancer. This article summarizes the clinical practice and relevant studies of current targeted therapies for lung cancer in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing, China
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30
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Qu Y, Zong L, Xu M, Dong Y, Lu L. Effects of 18α-glycyrrhizin on TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:1292-1301. [PMID: 25973013 PMCID: PMC4396252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycyrrhizin has various pharmacological effects including hepato-protection. This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism underlying the protective effects of 18α-glycyrrhizin (18α-GL) in rats with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver fibrosis. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group, fibrosis group, 25 mg/kg 18α-GL group and 12.5 mg/kg 18α-GL group. Rats in experimental groups were subcutaneously injected with 40% CCl4 twice weekly for 8 weeks. Immunohistochemical examination was carried out to detect the protein expressions of collagen I, collagen III, TGF-β1, p-Smad2, p-Smad3, Smad 7 and SP-1, in the liver, and the mRNA and protein expressions of these genes were determined in the liver by real time PCR and Western blot assay, respectively. RESULTS 18α-GL ameliorated histological changes and significantly suppressed collagen deposition. 18α-GL significantly decreased the mRNA expressions of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3 and SP-1 in the liver. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that TGF-β1, p-Smad2, p-Smad3 and SP-1 expressions reduced following 18α-GL therapy. Western blot assay showed p-Smad2, p-Smad3, smad2 and smad3 expressions decreased after 18α-GL treatment. The mRNA and protein expression of Smad7 remained unchanged. CONCLUSION 18α-GL is able to attenuate CCl4 induced liver fibrosis in rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Lei Zong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Mingyi Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yuwei Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Lungen Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200080, China
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Zheng X, Wang J, Yang D. Antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B in China. Med Microbiol Immunol 2014; 204:115-20. [PMID: 25540038 PMCID: PMC4305090 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-014-0380-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The vaccination program against hepatitis B virus (HBV) has greatly reduced the incidence of HBV infection. However, almost one-fourth of the HBV infected patients worldwide are still located in China. The healthcare burden from chronic HBV infection is a big challenge for the Chinese government and clinicians. Antiviral therapy plays a central role in controlling chronic HBV infection and preventing the disease progression. However, due to the specific economic and medical system issues, the first-line antiviral agents recommended by the AASLD and EASL have not been widely used for Chinese patients. In this review, we will discuss some key issues in the area of antiviral treatment for chronic hepatitis B in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zheng
- Department of Infectious Disease, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1277, Wuhan, China
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Hepatoprotective Effects of Silybum marianum (Silymarin) and Glycyrrhiza glabra (Glycyrrhizin) in Combination: A Possible Synergy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:641597. [PMID: 24795768 PMCID: PMC3984823 DOI: 10.1155/2014/641597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and transaminase reactions are some of the mechanisms that can lead to liver dysfunction. A time-dependent study was designed to evaluate the ability of silymarin (SLN) and glycyrrhizin (GLN) in different dosage regimens to lessen oxidative stress in the rats with hepatic injury caused by the hepatotoxin carbon tetrachloride. Wistar male albino rats (n = 60) were randomly assigned to six groups. Group A served as a positive control while groups B, C, D, E, and F received a dose of CCl4 (50% solution of CCl4 in liquid paraffin, 2 mL/kg, intraperitoneally) twice a week to induce hepatic injury. Additionally, the animals received SLN and GLN in different doses for a period of six weeks. CCl4 was found to induce hepatic injury by significantly increasing serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances while decreasing total protein and the activities of reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. Treatment with various doses of SLN and GLN significantly reduced ALT, AST, ALP, and TBARS levels and increased GSH, SOD, and CAT levels. Our findings indicated that SLN and GLN have hepatoprotective effects against oxidative stress of the liver.
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Targeted Metabolomics of Serum Acylcarnitines Evaluates Hepatoprotective Effect of Wuzhi Tablet (Schisandra sphenanthera Extract) against Acute Acetaminophen Toxicity. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:985257. [PMID: 23431354 PMCID: PMC3575671 DOI: 10.1155/2013/985257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Possible prevention and therapeutic intervention strategies to counteract acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity would be of great value. Wuzhi tablet (WZ, extract of Schisandrae sphenanthera) possesses hepatoprotective effects against hepatitis and the hepatic dysfunction induced by various chemical hepatotoxins. In this study, the protective effect of WZ on APAP-induced hepatic injury was evaluated and targeted metabolomics by LC-MS-based metabolomics was used to examine whether WZ influences hepatic metabolism. The results demonstrated significant hepatoprotection of WZ against APAP-induced liver injury; pretreatment with WZ prior to APAP administration blocks the increase in serum palmitoylcarnitine and oleoylcarnitine and thus restores the APAP-impaired fatty acid β-oxidation to normal levels. These studies further revealed a significant and prolonged upregulation of the PPARα target genes Cpt1 and Acot1 by WZ mainly contributing to the maintenance of normal fatty acid metabolism and thus potentially contributing to the hepatic protection of WZ against APAP-induced hepatic toxicity. Taken together, the current study provides new insights into understanding the hepatoprotective effect of WZ against APAP-induced liver toxicity.
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Feng R, Zhou X, Or PMY, Ma JY, Tan XS, Fu J, Ma C, Shi JG, Che CT, Wang Y, Yeung JHK. Enzyme kinetic and molecular docking studies on the metabolic interactions of 1-hydroxy-2,3,5-trimethoxy-xanthone, isolated from Halenia elliptica D. Don, with model probe substrates of human cytochrome P450 enzymes. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 19:1125-1133. [PMID: 22819301 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Halenia elliptica D. Don is a Tibetan herb and medicinal preparations containing Halenia elliptica have been commonly used for the treatment of hepatitis B virus infection in China. The metabolism of 1-hydroxy-2,3,5-trimethoxy-xanthone (HM-1) to its metabolites is mediated through cytochrome P450 enzymes. This study aimed to investigate the herb-drug interaction potential of HM-1 by studying its effects on the metabolism of model probe substrates of five major CYP450 isoforms in human liver microsomes. HM-1 showed moderate inhibitory effects on CYP1A2 (IC₅₀ = 1.06 μM) and CYP2C9 (IC₅₀ = 3.89 μM), minimal inhibition on CYP3A4 (IC₂₀ = 11.94 μM), but no inhibition on model CYP2D6 (dextromethorphan) and CYP2E1 (chlorzoxazone) probe substrates. Inhibition kinetic studies showed that the K(i) values of HM-1 on CYP1A2, CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 were 5.12 μM, 2.00 μM and 95.03 μM, respectively. HM-1 competitively inhibited testosterone 6β-hydroxylation (CYP3A4) but displayed mixed type inhibitions for phenacetin O-deethylation (CYP1A2) and tolbutamide 4-hydroxylation (CYP2C9). Molecular docking study confirmed the inhibition modes of HM-1 on these human CYP isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
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Ding TP, Qu Y, Lu LG, Shi GL, Wang RF. 18α-glycyrrhizin ameliorates oxidative stress in rats with CCl 4-induced liver fibrosis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2012; 20:1819-1823. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v20.i20.1819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of 18α-glycyrrhizin (18α-GL) on oxidative stress in rats with experimental liver fibrosis.
METHODS: Male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group, fibrosis group, low-, medium-, and high-dose GL groups. Except the control group, liver fibrosis was induced by subcutaneous injection of 40% CCl4 for 8 weeks in rats of the other groups. The three GL groups were treated with different doses of GL (6.25, 12.5, 25 mg/kg, respectively). All the rats were sacrificed at the end of the 8th week. Histopathological changes in the liver tissue were evaluated by HE staining and Masson collagen staining. The contents of MDA and HNE and the activity of SOD and GSH-PX in liver tissue homogenate were determined.
RESULTS: 18α-GL could inhibit CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. The contents of MDA and HNE were elevated in the liver fibrosis group (both P < 0.05), but 18α-GL could markedly increase SOD and GSH-PX activity (both P < 0.05) and reduce the levels of MDA and HNE to protect the liver from damage.
CONCLUSION: 18α-GL can ameliorate hepatic histopathological changes and reduce hepatic lipid peroxidation, thus exerting antioxidant and antifibrotic effects in rats with experimental liver fibrosis.
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Zhou X, Liu D, Zhao T, Yao K, Wang X, Wang L, Yang X. Mechanical and Baicalin Delivery Properties of Adhesive Matrices for Iontophoretic Flexible Electrodes. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 20:529-42. [PMID: 19228452 DOI: 10.1163/156856209x416520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Zhou
- a School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Unviersity, Tianjin 300072, China; Research Institute of Polymeric Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Dongzhi Liu
- b School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Unviersity, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Tian Zhao
- c School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Unviersity, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Kangde Yao
- d Research Institute of Polymeric Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xueyan Wang
- e Tianjin Changzheng Hospital, Tianjin 300021, China
| | - Lei Wang
- f Tianjin Changzheng Hospital, Tianjin 300021, China
| | - Xinjian Yang
- g Tianjin Changzheng Hospital, Tianjin 300021, China
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Zhao W, Li JJ, Yue SQ, Zhang LY, Dou KF. Antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective effect of a polysaccharide from Bei Chaihu (Bupleurum chinense DC). Carbohydr Polym 2012; 89:448-52. [PMID: 24750742 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chinese medicine plays a pivotal role in hepatoprotective treatment. In the present study, a water-soluble polysaccharide fraction (WBCP) was fractioned from the roots of Bupleurum chinense and purified by DEAE-cellulose and Surperdex 200 HR chromatography. The physicochemical properties, antioxidative and hepatoprotective activities of WBCP were evaluated in a rat model of hepatic injury caused by d-galactosamine (GalN). Hepatoprotective effect was evaluated by measuring aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in the plasma of mice. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring biochemical parameters in the mouse liver homogenate, such as glutathione reductase (GR), γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, as well as glutathione (GSH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels. The results showed the oral administration of WBCP could significantly reduce the activity of AST, ALT, ALP and LDH, indicating that WBCP possesses hepatoprotective activity. Furthermore, there was general a statistically significant increase in the activities of GSH, GR, GCS, GST and SOD, and a loss in TBARS in the liver of WBCP-treated group compared with the control group. In addition, the elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the serum of the experimental animals was significantly returned by WBCP treatment at the dose of 400 mg/kg. These results clearly demonstrated that WBCP possess promising hepatoprotective effects against GalN-induced liver damage, which may be mediated through augmentation of antioxidant defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 15 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710032, China
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Saltan Çitoğlu G, Bahadır Acıkara Ö, Sever Yılmaz B, Özbek H. Evaluation of analgesic, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects of lycorine from Sternbergia fisheriana (Herbert) Rupr. Fitoterapia 2012; 83:81-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Revised: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Padalia RC, Verma RS, Chauhan A, Chanotiya CS. Chemical composition of leaf and root essential oils of Boenninghausenia albiflora Reichb. from northern India. Nat Prod Res 2011; 26:2040-4. [PMID: 22111591 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2011.635344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The leaf and root essential oil composition of Boenninghausenia albiflora Reichb and Meissner (family: Rutaceae), collected from Uttarakhand, India, was analysed by capillary gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major constituents identified in the leaf essential oil were β-myrcene, (Z)-β-guaiene, (Z)-β-ocimene and β-caryophyllene, whereas bicyclogermacrene, α-terpinyl acetate, geijerene and β-copaene-4α-ol were identified as the major constituents of the root essential oil. This is the first time that the chemical compositions of leaf and root essential oils of B. albiflora have been investigated in detail. The results show significant qualitative and quantitative variations in leaf and root oil composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra C Padalia
- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP, CSIR), Research Centre, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India.
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Wei YJ, Tsai KS, Lin LC, Lee YT, Chi CW, Chang MC, Tsai TH, Hung SC. Catechin stimulates osteogenesis by enhancing PP2A activity in human mesenchymal stem cells. Osteoporos Int 2011; 22:1469-79. [PMID: 20683709 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-010-1352-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY Using human mesenchymal stem cells, we identified catechin from a panel of herbal ingredients and Chinese traditional compounds with the strongest osteogenic effects. Catechin increased alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposition, and mRNA expression of Runx2 and osteocalcin. We further clarified the signaling pathway that catechin mediated to stimulate osteogenesis. INTRODUCTION Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), useful as a species specific cell culture system for studying cell lineage differentiation, were examined as a tool to identify novel herbal ingredients and Chinese traditional compounds for enhancing osteogenesis. METHODS Immortalized and primary hMSCs were induced in osteogenic induction medium in the presence of a variety of herbal ingredients and Chinese traditional compounds and osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by histochemical assays and quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS Using immortalized hMSCs, we first identified catechin, 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, baishao, and danggui with osteogenic properties, which enhanced calcium deposition at the dose without significant cytotoxic effects. Primary hMSCs were then applied for confirming the osteogenic effects of catechin, which increased alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposition, and mRNA expression of Runx2 and osteocalcin. We further found the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway was downregulated upon stimulation with catechin. Catechin increased the level and activity of protein phosphatases 2A (PP2A) that dephosphorylates ERK kinase (MEK) and ERK. Further, PP2A inhibitor, okadaic acid, abolished the effect of catechin-mediated inactivation of ERK and stimulation of osteogenesis. The blocking effect of okadaic acid on osteogenesis was further reversed by PD98059, a specific inhibitor of MEK. Co-immunoprecipitation revealed the association of PP2A to both MEK and ERK. CONCLUSIONS These studies propose catechin enhanced osteogenesis by increasing the PP2A level that inhibits the MEK and ERK signaling in hMSCs. These results prove the concept of using hMSCs as a convenient tool for rapid and consistent screening of the osteogenic herbal ingredients and traditional Chinese compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Wei
- Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics, Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 155, Sec 2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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Chien CF, Wu YT, Tsai TH. Biological analysis of herbal medicines used for the treatment of liver diseases. Biomed Chromatogr 2011; 25:21-38. [PMID: 21204110 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herbal medicines have been used to treat liver disorders for thousands of years in the East and have now become a promising therapy internationally for pathological liver conditions. Biological analysis of hepatoprotective herbs is an important issue from the pharmacokinetic perspective in developing new therapeutic managements for liver disease. The biological analysis focuses on the pretreatment methods, separation and quantification of herbal medicines in biological samples. We have compiled and discuss the biological analytical method of six herbal medicines for liver protection containing Silybum marianum(silymarin), Glycyrrhiza glabra, Scutellaria baicalensis, Schisandra chinensis, Salvia miltiorrhiza and Astragalus membranaceus. This review provides a convenient reference for researchers to reduce time-consuming method optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Feng Chien
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lien EJC, Lien LLM, Wang R, Wang J. Phytochemical analysis of medicinal plants with kidney protective activities. Chin J Integr Med 2011; 18:790-800. [PMID: 21526364 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-011-0713-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In view of the increasing number of patients undergoing kidney dialysis or transplant every year, a survey of the literature on renal protective medicinal plants was undertaken. Most of them are from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Although many of the medicinal herbs reported have not been investigated in terms of active chemical ingredients, some do have compounds well characterized. They fall into a wide range of structures. Several groups of compounds with well established activities are discussed. These include: antioxidant phenolic compounds like tannins, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, unsaturated organic acids and lignans; circulation enhancing compounds like saponins, and basic alkaloids with multiple targets (G-protein coupled receptors). Also presented are proinflammatory and antiinflammatory fatty acids like linoleic (n-6) and α-linolenic (n-3) acids, respectively. Attention is also drawn to the plants containing nephrotoxic aristolochic acid. Different directions of future research are also presented. We hope that this review may provide some leads for new drug discovery and development, and more rational application of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Jung-Chi Lien
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9121, USA
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Hepatoprotective and TNF-α inhibitory activity of Zosima absinthifolia extracts and coumarins. Fitoterapia 2011; 82:454-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Revised: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 12/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhang XJ, Yang GY, Wang RR, Pu JX, Sun HD, Xiao WL, Zheng YT. 7,8-Secolignans from Schisandra wilsoniana and Their Anti-HIV-1 Activities. Chem Biodivers 2010; 7:2692-701. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200900367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Liu T, Zhao J, Li H, Ma L. Evaluation on anti-hepatitis viral activity of Vitis vinifer L. Molecules 2010; 15:7415-22. [PMID: 20966882 PMCID: PMC6259095 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15107415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2010] [Revised: 10/15/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Suosuo grape (Vitis vinifer L) is traditionally used as a therapeutic agent for measles and hepatitis by the ethnic Uighurs. This work aimed to investigate the anti-HBV effect of total triterpene (VTT), total flavonoids (VTF) and total polysaccharides (VTP) from Suosuo grape, and their synergistic effects were also tested. The viral antigens of cellular secretion, HBsAg and HBeAg, were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The quantity of HBV-DNA released in the supernatant was assayed by real-time PCR. It was found that it effectively suppressed the secretion of HBsAg and HBeAg from HepG2.2.15 cells in a dose-dependent manner, as well as the HBV DNA. The results of orthogonal design experiment showed that the combination of VTT 20 μg/mL, VTF 50 μg/mL and VTP 50 μg/mL had the best optimistic inhibitory effects on HBeAg secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Uighur Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica of Xinjiang, Urumqi, 830002, China; E-Mail: (J.Z.)
| | - Haibo Li
- Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nantong, 226007, China; E-Mail: (H.L.)
| | - Long Ma
- College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +86-991-4365317
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Zhou X, Liu D, Liu H, Yang Q, Yao K, Wang X, Wang L, Yang X. Effect of Low Molecular Weight Chitosans on Drug Permeation through Mouse Skin: 1. Transdermal Delivery of Baicalin. J Pharm Sci 2010; 99:2991-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.22063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tong W, Sun L, He J, He S, Du F. A novel nucleotide insertion in S gene of hepatitis B virus in a chronic carrier. Virol J 2010; 7:104. [PMID: 20492719 PMCID: PMC2893152 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-7-104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 05/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus DNA was extracted from serum of a chronic carrier and polymerase chain reaction was performed on S gene. Direct sequencing showed a variant HBsAg with additional 4-amino acid insertion, and clone sequencing confirmed the mixture of variant HBsAg and wildtype HBsAg. Of 16 clones with 12-nucleotide insertion, 15 clones had identical AGAACAACACAA insertion between nucleotide 494 and nucleotide 495, and one clone had GGAACAACTCAA insertion in the same position plus 3-nucleotide deletion from nucleotide 491 to nucleotide 493. S114T, C121Y, T126S/A, Q129K, G130R, T131N, M133T, G145R, N146D substitution and premature stop codon were also found in those clones. However, the origin of HBV with 4-amino acid insertion in HBsAg was unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Tong
- Institute of Microbiological Detection, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Li Sun
- Institute of Microbiological Detection, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Jilan He
- Institute of Microbiological Detection, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Shusen He
- Institute of Microbiological Detection, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Fei Du
- Institute of Microbiological Detection, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu 610041, PR China
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Huang WJ, Chen CC, Chao SW, Lee SS, Hsu FL, Lu YL, Hung MF, Chang CI. Synthesis ofN-Hydroxycinnamides Capped with a Naturally Occurring Moiety as Inhibitors of Histone Deacetylase. ChemMedChem 2010; 5:598-607. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200900494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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You L, Feng S, An R, Wang X. Osthole: A Promising Lead Compound for Drug Discovery from a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Nat Prod Commun 2009. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0900400227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products have always been important resources either as therapeutic agents or as lead compounds for the production of pharmaceutical compounds. Osthole, 7-methoxy-8-(3-methyl-2-butenyl) coumarin, an ingredient of a Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM), has received considerable attention recently because of its significant and diverse pharmacological activities, including anticancer, antisteoporotic, and antiproliferative, which make it a very promising natural lead compound for new drug discovery. The present work summarizes the related biological information on osthole and its analogues and proposes the possibility of its development as a promising lead compound for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha You
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai Lun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Song Feng
- Roche R&D Center(China) Ltd., Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Rui An
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai Lun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai Lun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, PR China
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