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Schuster J, Fatima A, Papadopoulos N, de Guidi C, Sobol M, Dahl N. Generation of a ZEB2 deficient human iPSC line (KICRi002A-4). Stem Cell Res 2024; 80:103521. [PMID: 39121652 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2024.103521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor ZEB2 is essential for early embryonic development. Using CRISPR/Cas9, we generated a ZEB2 deficient human iPSC cell line (KICRi002A-4), carrying a homozygous 790 bp deletion in ZEB2 that involves part of exon 5, intron 5 and part of exon 6. The deletion leads to markedly reduced levels of a truncated ZEB2 transcript. No ZEB2 protein was detected by immunopreciptation. The iPSC line expressed pluripotency markers and showed a capacity to differentiate into the three germ layers in vitro. Assessment of genomic integrity revealed a normal karyotype without detectable OFF-target editing. The iPSC line KICRi002A-4 thus offers a valuable resource to study the role of ZEB2 for the commitment and differentiation of various human cell lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Schuster
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Ambrin Fatima
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74000, Pakistan
| | - Natalia Papadopoulos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Claudia de Guidi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Sobol
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Niklas Dahl
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Turovskaya MV, Gavrish MS, Tarabykin VS, Babaev AA. Overexpression of BDNF Suppresses the Epileptiform Activity in Cortical Neurons of Heterozygous Mice with a Transcription Factor Sip1 Deletion. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10537. [PMID: 39408863 PMCID: PMC11476396 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251910537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Revised: 09/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Since genetic mutations during brain development play a significant role in the genesis of epilepsy, and such genetically determined epilepsies are the most difficult to treat, there is a need to study the mechanisms of epilepsy development with deletions of various transcription factors. We utilized heterozygous mice (Sip1wt/fl) with a neuronal deletion of the transcription factor Sip1 (Smad interacting protein 1) in the cerebral cortex. These mice are characterized by cognitive impairment and are prone to epilepsy. It is known that the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has a neuroprotective effect in various neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, we created and applied an adeno-associated construct carrying the BDNF sequence selectively in neurons. Using in vitro and in vivo research models, we were able to identify a key gen, the disruption of whose expression accompanies the deletion of Sip1 and contributes to hyperexcitation of neurons in the cerebral cortex. Overexpression of BDNF in cortical neurons eliminated epileptiform activity in neurons obtained from heterozygous Sip1 mice in a magnesium-free model of epileptiform activity (in vitro). Using PCR analysis, it was possible to identify correlations in the expression profile of genes encoding key proteins responsible for neurotransmission and neuronal survival. The effects of BDNF overexpression on the expression profiles of these genes were also revealed. Using BDNF overexpression in cortical neurons of heterozygous Sip1 mice, it was possible to achieve 100% survival in the pilocarpine model of epilepsy. At the level of gene expression in the cerebral cortex, patterns were established that may be involved in the protection of brain cells from epileptic seizures and the restoration of cognitive functions in mice with Sip1 deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V. Turovskaya
- Institute of Neuroscience, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.S.G.); (A.A.B.)
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Institutskaya st. building 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Maria S. Gavrish
- Institute of Neuroscience, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.S.G.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Viktor S. Tarabykin
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexei A. Babaev
- Institute of Neuroscience, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.S.G.); (A.A.B.)
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Barington M, Bak M, Kjartansdóttir KR, Hansen TVO, Birkedal U, Østergaard E, Hove HB. Novel Alu insertion in the ZEB2 gene causing Mowat-Wilson syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:e63581. [PMID: 38600862 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Alu elements are short, interspersed elements located throughout the genome, playing a role in human diversity, and occasionally causing genetic diseases. Here, we report a novel Alu insertion causing Mowat-Wilson syndrome, a rare neurodevelopmental disorder, in an 8-year-old boy displaying the typical clinical features for Mowat-Wilson syndrome. The variant was not initially detected in genome sequencing data, but through deep phenotyping, which pointed to only one plausible candidate gene, manual inspection of genome sequencing alignment data enabled us to identify a de novo heterozygous Alu insertion in exon 8 of the ZEB2 gene. Nanopore long-read sequencing confirmed the Alu insertion, leading to the formation of a premature stop codon and likely haploinsufficiency of ZEB2. This underscores the importance of deep phenotyping and mobile element insertion analysis in uncovering genetic causes of monogenic disorders as these elements might be overlooked in standard next-generation sequencing protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Barington
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Bak
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Thomas van Overeem Hansen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulf Birkedal
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elsebet Østergaard
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Buciek Hove
- Center for Rare Diseases, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Wójcik-Niklewska B, Filipek E. Mowat-Wilson syndrome: Case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e39082. [PMID: 39029032 PMCID: PMC11398744 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000039082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a rare genetic condition resulting in multiple congenital anomalies, including facial dysmorphism, structural anomalies of the internal organs, functional disorders, and, although less commonly, ocular abnormalities. To present a child with MWS and eye abnormalities. METHODS A 3-year-old boy was born at 37 weeks of pregnancy with dysmorphic features, neurodevelopmental disorders, genetically confirmed MWS, nystagmus, strabismus, and suspicion of congenital glaucoma. Ophthalmic examination was carried out under general anesthesia; eyeball ultrasound and electrophysiological examination (flash visual evoked potentials) were also performed. RESULTS The examinations revealed nystagmus, a normal response of pupils to light in both eyes, and normal intraocular pressure, that is, 17 and 18 mm Hg in the right and left eye, respectively. Corneal thickness was 606 µm in the right eye and 588 µm in the left eye. Gonioscopy revealed displacement of Schwalbe line anterior to the limbus of the cornea (posterior embryotoxon). Fundus examination revealed a pink optic disk with a cup-to-disc ratio of 0.5, macular pigment regrouping, and normal blood vessels. Flash visual evoked potentials: P2 latency was normal. P2 amplitude from the left hemisphere was reduced to 50%, and P2 amplitude over the right hemisphere was normal. CONCLUSION Children with genetically determined congenital anomalies need regular ophthalmic checkups to accurately assess the eye and determine the prospects of vision function development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogumiła Wójcik-Niklewska
- Department of Pediatric Ophtalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- Kornel Gibiński University Clinical Centre, Katowice, Poland
| | - Erita Filipek
- Department of Pediatric Ophtalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- Kornel Gibiński University Clinical Centre, Katowice, Poland
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5
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Lin LC, Wen WH, Chen PT. Congenital tracheal stenosis in Mowat-Wilson syndrome with nonsense mutation of ZEB2 gene. Pediatr Neonatol 2024; 65:202-203. [PMID: 37980276 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lun-Chin Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Hsin Wen
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Peir-Taur Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Cardinal Tien Junior College of Healthcare and Management, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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He J, Li Q, Zhang Q. rvTWAS: identifying gene-trait association using sequences by utilizing transcriptome-directed feature selection. Genetics 2024; 226:iyad204. [PMID: 38001381 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyad204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Toward the identification of genetic basis of complex traits, transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) is successful in integrating transcriptome data. However, TWAS is only applicable for common variants, excluding rare variants in exome or whole-genome sequences. This is partly because of the inherent limitation of TWAS protocols that rely on predicting gene expressions. Our previous research has revealed the insight into TWAS: the 2 steps in TWAS, building and applying the expression prediction models, are essentially genetic feature selection and aggregations that do not have to involve predictions. Based on this insight disentangling TWAS, rare variants' inability of predicting expression traits is no longer an obstacle. Herein, we developed "rare variant TWAS," or rvTWAS, that first uses a Bayesian model to conduct expression-directed feature selection and then uses a kernel machine to carry out feature aggregation, forming a model leveraging expressions for association mapping including rare variants. We demonstrated the performance of rvTWAS by thorough simulations and real data analysis in 3 psychiatric disorders, namely schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. We confirmed that rvTWAS outperforms existing TWAS protocols and revealed additional genes underlying psychiatric disorders. Particularly, we formed a hypothetical mechanism in which zinc finger genes impact all 3 disorders through transcriptional regulations. rvTWAS will open a door for sequence-based association mappings integrating gene expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingni He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Qingrun Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Canada
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Canada
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Ikeda Y, Tani S, Moriishi T, Kuroda A, Matsuo Y, Saeki N, Inui-Yamamoto C, Abe M, Maeda T, Rowe DW, Chung UI, Hojo H, Matsushita Y, Sawase T, Ohba S. Modeling of intramembranous ossification using human pluripotent stem cell-derived paraxial mesoderm derivatives. Regen Ther 2023; 24:536-546. [PMID: 37860130 PMCID: PMC10582276 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Vertebrates form their skeletal tissues from three distinct origins (the neural crest, paraxial mesoderm, and lateral plate mesoderm) through two distinct modes of ossification (intramembranous and endochondral ossification). Since the paraxial mesoderm generates both intramembranous and endochondral bones, it is thought to give rise to both osteoprogenitors and osteo-chondroprogenitors. However, it remains unclear what directs the paraxial mesoderm-derived cells toward these different fates in distinct skeletal elements during human skeletal development. To answer this question, we need experimental systems that recapitulate paraxial mesoderm-mediated intramembranous and endochondral ossification processes. In this study, we aimed to develop a human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-based system that models the human intramembranous ossification process. We found that spheroid culture of the hPSC-derived paraxial mesoderm derivatives generates osteoprogenitors or osteo-chondroprogenitors depending on stimuli. The former induced intramembranous ossification, and the latter endochondral ossification, in mouse renal capsules. Transcriptional profiling supported the notion that bone signatures were enriched in the intramembranous bone-like tissues. Thus, we developed a system that recapitulates intramembranous ossification, and that enables the induction of two distinct modes of ossification by controlling the cell fate of the hPSC-derived paraxial mesoderm derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ikeda
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tani
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takeshi Moriishi
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Aiko Kuroda
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Yuki Matsuo
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Naoya Saeki
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Chizuko Inui-Yamamoto
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Makoto Abe
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takashi Maeda
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - David W. Rowe
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, CT 06030, USA
| | - Ung-il Chung
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hironori Hojo
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yuki Matsushita
- Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Takashi Sawase
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ohba
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Montalva L, Cheng LS, Kapur R, Langer JC, Berrebi D, Kyrklund K, Pakarinen M, de Blaauw I, Bonnard A, Gosain A. Hirschsprung disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2023; 9:54. [PMID: 37828049 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-023-00465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a rare congenital intestinal disease that occurs in 1 in 5,000 live births. HSCR is characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses of the intestine. Most patients present during the neonatal period with the first meconium passage delayed beyond 24 h, abdominal distension and vomiting. Syndromes associated with HSCR include trisomy 21, Mowat-Wilson syndrome, congenital central hypoventilation syndrome, Shah-Waardenburg syndrome and cartilage-hair hypoplasia. Multiple putative genes are involved in familial and isolated HSCR, of which the most common are the RET proto-oncogene and EDNRB. Diagnosis consists of visualization of a transition zone on contrast enema and confirmation via rectal biopsy. HSCR is typically managed by surgical removal of the aganglionic bowel and reconstruction of the intestinal tract by connecting the normally innervated bowel down to the anus while preserving normal sphincter function. Several procedures, namely Swenson, Soave and Duhamel procedures, can be undertaken and may include a laparoscopically assisted approach. Short-term and long-term comorbidities include persistent obstructive symptoms, enterocolitis and soiling. Continued research and innovation to better understand disease mechanisms holds promise for developing novel techniques for diagnosis and therapy, and improving outcomes in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Montalva
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Robert-Debré Children's University Hospital, Paris, France.
- Faculty of Health, Paris-Cité University, Paris, France.
- NeuroDiderot, INSERM UMR1141, Paris, France.
| | - Lily S Cheng
- Division of Paediatric Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Division of Paediatric Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Raj Kapur
- Department of Pathology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jacob C Langer
- Division of Paediatric Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dominique Berrebi
- Department of Pathology, Robert-Debré and Necker Children's University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Kristiina Kyrklund
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Pakarinen
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ivo de Blaauw
- Department of Surgery, Division of Paediatric Surgery, Radboudumc-Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Arnaud Bonnard
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Robert-Debré Children's University Hospital, Paris, France
- Faculty of Health, Paris-Cité University, Paris, France
- NeuroDiderot, INSERM UMR1141, Paris, France
| | - Ankush Gosain
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Liu WL, Li F, Chen W, Liu L, Cheng HJ, He ZX, Ai R. "Liu-Liang-Chung" syndrome with multiple congenital anomalies and the distinctive craniofacial features caused by dominant ZEB2 gene gain mutation. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:480. [PMID: 37735378 PMCID: PMC10512491 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04314-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contiguous gene gain syndrome including entire ZEB2 may be a novel syndrome. In the past, there were no easily distinct and recognizable features as a guide for precise clinical and genetic diagnosis of the syndrome. CASE PRESENTATION We report a novel case with the syndrome with a novel de novo 22.16 Mb duplication at 2q21.2-q24.1. The syndrome is characterized by multiple anomalies including the same typical craniofacial phenotype that is entirely different from Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS), and other quite similar features of MWS consisting of development delay, congenital heart disease, abdominal abnormalities, urogenital abnormalities, behavioral problems and so on, in which the distinctive craniofacial features can be more easily recognized. CONCLUSIONS Contiguous gene gain syndrome including entire ZEB2 characterized with similar multiple congenital anomalies of MWS and the distinctive craniofacial features is mainly caused by large 2q22 repeats including ZEB2 leading to dominant singe ZEB2 gene gain mutation, which is recommended to be named "Liu-Liang-Chung" syndrome. We diagnose this novel syndrome to distinguish it from MWS. Some variable additional features in the syndrome including remarkable growth and development retardation and protruding ears were recognized for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Liang Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Hai-Jian Cheng
- Beijing Kangso Medical Laboratory Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100195, China
| | - Zhi-Xu He
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Rong Ai
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
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Yang Q, Wang F, Wang Z, Guo J, Chang T, Dalielihan B, Yang G, Lei C, Dang R. mRNA sequencing provides new insights into the pathogenesis of Hirschsprung's disease in mice. Pediatr Surg Int 2023; 39:268. [PMID: 37676292 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-023-05544-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to use RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR to identify the main susceptibility genes linked to the occurrence and development of Hirschsprung disease in the colonic tissues of EDNRBm1yzcm and wild mice. METHODS RNA was extracted from colon tissues of 3 mutant homozygous mice and 3 wild mice. RNA degradation, contamination concentration, and integrity were then measured. The extracted RNA was then sequenced using the Illumina platform. The obtained sequence data are filtered to ensure data quality and compared to the reference genome for further analysis. DESeq2 was used for gene expression analysis of the raw data. In addition, graphene oxide enrichment analysis and RT-qPCR validation were also performed. RESULTS This study identified 8354 differentially expressed genes in EDNRBm1yzcm and wild mouse colon tissues by RNA sequencing, including 4346 upregulated genes and 4005 downregulated genes. Correspondingly, the results of RT-qPCR analysis showed good correlation with the transcriptome data. In addition, GO and KEGG enrichment results suggested that there were 8103 terms and 320 pathways in all DEGs. When P < 0.05, 1081 GO terms and 320 KEGG pathways reached a significant level. Finally, through the existing studies and the enrichment results of differentially expressed genes, it was determined that axon guidance and the focal adhesion pathway may be closely related to the occurrence of HSCR. CONCLUSIONS This study analyzed and identified the differential genes in colonic tissues between EDNRBm1yzcm mice and wild mice, which provided new insight for further mining the potential pathogenic genes of Hirschsprung's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Fuwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhaofei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jiajun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Tingjin Chang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Baligen Dalielihan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ge Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chuzhao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ruihua Dang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shaanxi Province, China.
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11
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Han X, Zhang Q, Wang C, Han B. Clinical Characteristics and Novel ZEB2 Gene Mutation Analysis of Three Chinese Patients with Mowat-Wilson Syndrome. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2023; 16:777-783. [PMID: 37641719 PMCID: PMC10460601 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s414161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by a pathogenic variant of the ZEB2 gene. The main clinical manifestations include special facial features, Hirschsprung disease (HSCR), global developmental delay and other congenital malformations. Here, we summarize the clinical characteristics and genetic mutation analysis of three Chinese patients with MWS. Patients and Methods The clinical characteristics of the patients were monitored and the treatment effect was followed up. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and analyzed by sequencing. Whole exome sequencing was then performed. Results Three novel ZEB2 gene mutations were identified in 3 patients (c.1147_1150dupGAAC, p.Q384Rfs*7, c.1137_1146del TAGTATGTCT, p.S380Nfs *13 and c.2718delT, p.A907Lfs*23). They all had special facial features, intellectual disability, developmental delay, microcephaly, structural brain abnormalities and other symptoms. After long-term regular rehabilitation treatment, the development quotient of each functional area of the patient was slightly improved. Conclusion Our study expanded the mutation spectrum of ZEB2 and enriched our understanding of the clinical features of MWS. It also shows that long-term standardized treatment is of great significance for the prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, 272011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianjuan Zhang
- Department of Children’s Medical Rehabilitation Center, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, 272011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bingjuan Han
- Department of Children’s Health Prevention, The Second Children & Women’s Healthcare of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong, 271100, People’s Republic of China
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12
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He E, Jiang Y, Wei D, Wang Y, Sun W, Jia M, Shi B, Cui H. The potential effects and mechanism of echinacoside powder in the treatment of Hirschsprung's Disease. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2023; 20:14222-14240. [PMID: 37679133 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Possible complications, such as intestinal obstruction and inflammation of the intestinal tract, can have a detrimental effect on the prognosis after surgery for Hirschsprung disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential targets and mechanisms of action of echinacoside to improve the prognosis of Hirschsprung disease. Genes related to the disease were obtained through analysis of the GSE96854 dataset and four databases: OMIM, DisGeNET, Genecard and NCBI. The targets of echinacoside were obtained from three databases: PharmMapper, Drugbank and TargetNet. The intersection of disease genes and drug targets was validated by molecular docking. The valid docked targets were further explored for their expression by using immunohistochemistry. In this study, enrichment analysis was used to explore the mechanistic pathways involved in the genes. Finally, we identified CA1, CA2, CA9, CA12, DNMT1, RIMS2, RPGRIP1L and ZEB2 as the core targets. Except for ZEB2, which is predominantly expressed in brain tissue, the remaining seven genes show tissue specificity and high expression in the gastrointestinal tract. RIMS2 possesses a high mutation phenomenon in pan-cancer, while a validated ceRNA network of eight genes was constructed. The core genes are involved in several signaling pathways, including the one-carbon metabolic process, carbonate dehydratase activity and others. This study may help us to further understand the pharmacological mechanisms of echinacoside and provide new guidance and ideas to guide the treatment of Hirschsprung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enyang He
- Tianjin Medical University of Pediatric Surgery, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuhang Jiang
- Tianjin Medical University of Clinical Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Diwei Wei
- Tianjin Medical University of Pediatrics, Tianjin, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Tianjin Medical University of Pediatrics, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Tianjin Medical University of Pediatric Surgery, Tianjin, China
| | - Miao Jia
- Tianjin Medical University of Pediatric Surgery, Tianjin, China
| | - Bowen Shi
- Tianjin Medical University of Pediatric Surgery, Tianjin, China
| | - Hualei Cui
- Tianjin Children's Hospital of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Tianjin, China
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13
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Patt E, Singhania A, Roberts AE, Morton SU. The Genetics of Neurodevelopment in Congenital Heart Disease. Can J Cardiol 2023; 39:97-114. [PMID: 36183910 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth anomaly, affecting almost 1% of infants. Neurodevelopmental delay is the most common extracardiac feature in people with CHD. Many factors may contribute to neurodevelopmental risk, including genetic factors, CHD physiology, and the prenatal/postnatal environment. Damaging variants are most highly enriched among individuals with extracardiac anomalies or neurodevelopmental delay in addition to CHD, indicating that genetic factors have an impact beyond cardiac tissues in people with CHD. Potential sources of genetic risk include large deletions or duplications that affect multiple genes, such as 22q11 deletion syndrome, single genes that alter both heart and brain development, such as CHD7, and common variants that affect neurodevelopmental resiliency, such as APOE. Increased use of genome-sequencing technologies in studies of neurodevelopmental outcomes in people with CHD will improve our ability to detect relevant genes and variants. Ultimately, such knowledge can lead to improved and more timely intervention of learning support for affected children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Patt
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Asmita Singhania
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Amy E Roberts
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah U Morton
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Kumar S, Fan X, Rasouly HM, Sharma R, Salant DJ, Lu W. ZEB2 controls kidney stromal progenitor differentiation and inhibits abnormal myofibroblast expansion and kidney fibrosis. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e158418. [PMID: 36445780 PMCID: PMC9870089 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.158418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
FOXD1+ cell-derived stromal cells give rise to pericytes and fibroblasts that support the kidney vasculature and interstitium but are also major precursors of myofibroblasts. ZEB2 is a SMAD-interacting transcription factor that is expressed in developing kidney stromal progenitors. Here we show that Zeb2 is essential for normal FOXD1+ stromal progenitor development. Specific conditional knockout of mouse Zeb2 in FOXD1+ stromal progenitors (Zeb2 cKO) leads to abnormal interstitial stromal cell development, differentiation, and kidney fibrosis. Immunofluorescent staining analyses revealed abnormal expression of interstitial stromal cell markers MEIS1/2/3, CDKN1C, and CSPG4 (NG2) in newborn and 3-week-old Zeb2-cKO mouse kidneys. Zeb2-deficient FOXD1+ stromal progenitors also took on a myofibroblast fate that led to kidney fibrosis and kidney failure. Cell marker studies further confirmed that these myofibroblasts expressed pericyte and resident fibroblast markers, including PDGFRβ, CSPG4, desmin, GLI1, and NT5E. Notably, increased interstitial collagen deposition associated with loss of Zeb2 in FOXD1+ stromal progenitors was accompanied by increased expression of activated SMAD1/5/8, SMAD2/3, SMAD4, and AXIN2. Thus, our study identifies a key role of ZEB2 in maintaining the cell fate of FOXD1+ stromal progenitors during kidney development, whereas loss of ZEB2 leads to differentiation of FOXD1+ stromal progenitors into myofibroblasts and kidney fibrosis.
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Schuster J, Klar J, Khalfallah A, Laan L, Hoeber J, Fatima A, Sequeira VM, Jin Z, Korol SV, Huss M, Nordgren A, Anderlid BM, Gallant C, Birnir B, Dahl N. ZEB2 haploinsufficient Mowat-Wilson syndrome induced pluripotent stem cells show disrupted GABAergic transcriptional regulation and function. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:988993. [PMID: 36353360 PMCID: PMC9637781 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.988993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder caused by heterozygous variants in the gene encoding transcription factor ZEB2. Affected individuals present with structural brain abnormalities, speech delay and epilepsy. In mice, conditional loss of Zeb2 causes hippocampal degeneration, altered migration and differentiation of GABAergic interneurons, a heterogeneous population of mainly inhibitory neurons of importance for maintaining normal excitability. To get insights into GABAergic development and function in MWS we investigated ZEB2 haploinsufficient induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) of MWS subjects together with iPSC of healthy donors. Analysis of RNA-sequencing data at two time points of GABAergic development revealed an attenuated interneuronal identity in MWS subject derived iPSC with enrichment of differentially expressed genes required for transcriptional regulation, cell fate transition and forebrain patterning. The ZEB2 haploinsufficient neural stem cells (NSCs) showed downregulation of genes required for ventral telencephalon specification, such as FOXG1, accompanied by an impaired migratory capacity. Further differentiation into GABAergic interneuronal cells uncovered upregulation of transcription factors promoting pallial and excitatory neurons whereas cortical markers were downregulated. The differentially expressed genes formed a neural protein-protein network with extensive connections to well-established epilepsy genes. Analysis of electrophysiological properties in ZEB2 haploinsufficient GABAergic cells revealed overt perturbations manifested as impaired firing of repeated action potentials. Our iPSC model of ZEB2 haploinsufficient GABAergic development thus uncovers a dysregulated gene network leading to immature interneurons with mixed identity and altered electrophysiological properties, suggesting mechanisms contributing to the neuropathogenesis and seizures in MWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Schuster
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Joakim Klar
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ayda Khalfallah
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Loora Laan
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan Hoeber
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ambrin Fatima
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Velin Marita Sequeira
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zhe Jin
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sergiy V. Korol
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mikael Huss
- Wallenberg Long-Term Bioinformatics Support, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann Nordgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Britt Marie Anderlid
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Gallant
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bryndis Birnir
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Niklas Dahl
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
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Chang KJ, Wu HY, Yarmishyn AA, Li CY, Hsiao YJ, Chi YC, Lo TC, Dai HJ, Yang YC, Liu DH, Hwang DK, Chen SJ, Hsu CC, Kao CL. Genetics behind Cerebral Disease with Ocular Comorbidity: Finding Parallels between the Brain and Eye Molecular Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9707. [PMID: 36077104 PMCID: PMC9456058 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral visual impairments (CVIs) is an umbrella term that categorizes miscellaneous visual defects with parallel genetic brain disorders. While the manifestations of CVIs are diverse and ambiguous, molecular diagnostics stand out as a powerful approach for understanding pathomechanisms in CVIs. Nevertheless, the characterization of CVI disease cohorts has been fragmented and lacks integration. By revisiting the genome-wide and phenome-wide association studies (GWAS and PheWAS), we clustered a handful of renowned CVIs into five ontology groups, namely ciliopathies (Joubert syndrome, Bardet-Biedl syndrome, Alstrom syndrome), demyelination diseases (multiple sclerosis, Alexander disease, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease), transcriptional deregulation diseases (Mowat-Wilson disease, Pitt-Hopkins disease, Rett syndrome, Cockayne syndrome, X-linked alpha-thalassaemia mental retardation), compromised peroxisome disorders (Zellweger spectrum disorder, Refsum disease), and channelopathies (neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder), and reviewed several mutation hotspots currently found to be associated with the CVIs. Moreover, we discussed the common manifestations in the brain and the eye, and collated animal study findings to discuss plausible gene editing strategies for future CVI correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kao-Jung Chang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Wu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | | | - Cheng-Yi Li
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jer Hsiao
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chen Lo
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - He-Jhen Dai
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chiang Yang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Ding-Hao Liu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - De-Kuang Hwang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chien Hsu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Lan Kao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
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17
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Liu F, Wu Y, Li Z, Wan R. Identification of MMACHC and ZEB2 mutations causing coexistent cobalamin C disease and Mowat-Wilson syndrome in a 2-year-old girl. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 533:31-39. [PMID: 35709987 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cobalamin C (cblC) disease and Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) are rare hereditary diseases. To date, there have been no reports of people suffering from these two genetic diseases, or whether there is any correlation between the two diseases. We reported a 2-year-old girl with both cblC disease and MWS. The patient initially manifested as slow weight gain, hypotonia, broad nasal bridge, high forehead, high palate arch, ear crease, patent ductus arteriosus, atrial and ventricular septal defect and bilateral mild ventriculomegaly in the neonatal period. However, as the baby grew older, the typical facial features became more prominent, and overall developmental delays were noted at the subsequent follow-up, with the motor and cognitive development significantly lagging behind that of other children of the same age. At 26 days old, laboratory tests revealed remarkably elevated levels of serum homocysteine, C3/C2 and urine organic acid. Whole-exome sequencing detected compound heterozygous variants in MMACHC, including one previously reported mutation [c.609G > A (p.W203X) and a novel missense mutation[ c.643 T > C (p.Y215H)]. The computer simulations of the protein structure analysis of the novel missense mutation showed the variant p.Y215H replaced a neutral amino acid with a strongly basic lysine, which broken the local structure by changing the carbon chain skeleton and decreasing the interaction with adjacent amino acid. This is expected to damage the utilization of vitamin B12 and influence the synthesis of AdoCbl and MeCbl, contributing to its pathogenicity. Thus, clinical and genetic examinations confirmed the cblC disease. Another heterozygous variant in ZEB2 [NM_014795; loss1(exon:2-10)(all); 127901 bp] was detected by whole-exome sequencing. The heterozygous 3.04 Mb deletion in EB2 [GRCH37]del(2)(q22.2q22.3) (chr2:142237964-145274917) was also confirmed by genome-wide copy number variations (CNVs) scan, which was pathogenic and led to the diagnosis of Mowat-Wilson syndrome. The biochemical indicators associated with cblC disease in the patient were well controlled after treatment with vitamin B12 and betaine. Here, a patient with coexisting cblC disease and MWS caused by different pathogenic genes was reported, which enriched the clinical research on these two rare genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, the 980th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force (Bethune International Peace Hospital), Shijiazhuang 050082, Hebei, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Department of Genetics and Reproduction, the 980th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force (Bethune International Peace Hospital), Shijiazhuang 050082, Hebei, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Pediatrics, the 980th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force (Bethune International Peace Hospital), Shijiazhuang 050082, Hebei, China
| | - Ruihua Wan
- Department of Pediatrics, the 980th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force (Bethune International Peace Hospital), Shijiazhuang 050082, Hebei, China
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18
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Fu Y, Xu W, Wang Q, Lin Y, He P, Liu Y, Yuan H. Three Novel De Novo ZEB2 Variants Identified in Three Unrelated Chinese Patients With Mowat-Wilson Syndrome and A Systematic Review. Front Genet 2022; 13:853183. [PMID: 35646055 PMCID: PMC9134118 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.853183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: ZEB2 gene mutations or deletions cause Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS), which is characterized by distinctive facial features, global developmental delay, intellectual disability, epilepsy, friendly and happy personalities, congenital heart disease, Hirschsprung disease and multiple congenital anomalies. Currently, more than 300 MWS patients have been described in the literature, and nearly 280 variants in ZEB2 have been identified. Methods: In this study, we report three unrelated Chinese patients presenting multiple congenital anomalies that were consistent with those of MWS. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was used to identify the causative variants. Results: WES identified two novel de novo frameshift variants in ZEB2 (NM_014795.4:c.2136delC, p. Lys713Serfs*3 and c.2740delG, p. Gln914Argfs*16) in patients 1 and 2, respectively, and a novel de novo splicing variant in ZEB2 (NM_014795.4:c.808-2delA) in patient 3, all of which were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Next, we systematically reviewed the clinical characteristics of Chinese and Caucasian MWS patients. We revealed a higher incidence of constipation in Chinese MWS patients compared to that previously reported in Caucasian cohorts, while the incidence of Hirschsprung disease and happy demeanor was lower in Chinese MWS patients and that epilepsy in Chinese MWS patients could be well-controlled compared to that in Caucasian MWS individuals. Conclusion: Our study expanded the mutation spectrum of ZEB2 and enriched our understanding of the clinical characteristics of MWS. Definitive genetic diagnosis is beneficial for the genetic counseling and clinical management of individuals with MWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youqing Fu
- Affiliated Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Wanfang Xu
- Affiliated Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Qingming Wang
- Affiliated Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Institute of Reproductive and Genetic Research, Dongguan, China
| | - Yangyang Lin
- Affiliated Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Peiqing He
- Affiliated Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Institute of Reproductive and Genetic Research, Dongguan, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Affiliated Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Institute of Reproductive and Genetic Research, Dongguan, China
| | - Haiming Yuan
- Affiliated Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Institute of Reproductive and Genetic Research, Dongguan, China
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19
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Inotani S, Taniguchi Y, Nakamura K, Nishikawa H, Matsumoto T, Horino T, Fujimoto S, Sano S, Yanagita M, Terada Y. Knockout of Zeb2 ameliorates progression of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in a mouse model of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021; 37:454-468. [PMID: 34724064 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfab311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zeb2, a zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox transcription factor, regulates transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway. However, its role in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI) and AKI to chronic kidney disease (CKD) transition is unclear. METHODS We evaluated Zeb2 function in a bilateral renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced AKI model using proximal tubule-specific Zeb2 conditional knockout (Zeb2-cKO) and wild-type (WT) mice, and in renal biopsy samples. RESULTS In Zeb2-cKO mice, the levels of plasma creatinine and blood urea nitrogen post-IRI were significantly lower than that in WT mice. Immunohistological analysis revealed mild tubular injury, reduced neutrophil infiltration, less fibrotic changes, and reduced expression of fibrotic proteins (collagen type IV, α-smooth muscle actin [α-SMA], fibronectin, and connective tissue growth factor [CTGF]), at 3-14 days post-IRI. Zeb2 expression was upregulated in proximal tubular cells post-IRI in WT mice. Zeb2 siRNA transfection reduced TGF-β stimulated mRNA and protein expression of collagen type IV, α-SMA, fibronectin, and CTGF in cultured renal tubular cells. Patients with AKI to CKD transition exhibited high Zeb2 expression in renal tubules, as revealed by renal biopsy. Hypoxia and CoCl2-treatment upregulated Zeb2 promoter activity and mRNA and protein expression in cultured renal tubular epithelial cells, suggesting a regulatory role for hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS Zeb2 was upregulated in renal tissues in both mice and humans with AKI. Zeb2 regulates fibrotic pathways in the pathogenesis of AKI and AKI to CKD transition. Therefore, inhibition of Zeb2 could be a potential therapeutic strategy for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Inotani
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Taniguchi
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Keisyun Nakamura
- Center for Innovative and Translational Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Nishikawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Matsumoto
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Taro Horino
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Shimpei Fujimoto
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Shigetoshi Sano
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Motoko Yanagita
- Department of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshio Terada
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku, Japan
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20
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Ricci E, Fetta A, Garavelli L, Caraffi S, Ivanovski I, Bonanni P, Accorsi P, Giordano L, Pantaleoni C, Romeo A, Arena A, Bonetti S, Boni A, Chiarello D, Di Pisa V, Epifanio R, Faravelli F, Finardi E, Fiumara A, Grioni D, Mammi I, Negrin S, Osanni E, Raviglione F, Rivieri F, Rizzi R, Savasta S, Tarani L, Zanotta N, Dormi A, Vignoli A, Canevini M, Cordelli DM. Further delineation and long-term evolution of electroclinical phenotype in Mowat Wilson Syndrome. A longitudinal study in 40 individuals. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 124:108315. [PMID: 34619538 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy is a main feature of Mowat Wilson Syndrome (MWS), a congenital malformation syndrome caused by ZEB2 variants. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term evolution of the electroclinical phenotype of MWS in a large population. METHODS Forty-individuals with a genetically confirmed diagnosis were enrolled. Three age groups were identified (t1 = 0-4; t2 = 5-12; t3 = >13 years); clinical data and EEG records were collected, analyzed, and compared for age group. Video-EEG recorded seizures were reviewed. RESULTS Thirty-six of 40 individuals had epilepsy, of whom 35/35 aged >5 years. Almost all (35/36) presented focal seizures at onset (mean age at onset 3.4 ± 2.3 SD) that persisted, reduced in frequency, in 7/22 individuals after the age of 13. Absences occurred in 22/36 (mean age at onset 7.2 ± 0.9 SD); no one had absences before 6 and over 16 years old. Paroxysmal interictal abnormalities in sleep also followed an age-dependent evolution with a significant increase in frequency at school age (p = 0.002) and a reduction during adolescence (p = 0.008). Electrical Status Epilepticus during Sleep occurred in 14/36 (13/14 aged 5-13 years old at onset). Seven focal seizure ictal video-EEGs were collected: all were long-lasting and more visible clinical signs were often preceded by prolonged electrical and/or subtle (erratic head and eye orientation) seizures. Valproic acid was confirmed as the most widely used and effective drug, followed by levetiracetam. CONCLUSIONS Epilepsy is a major sign of MWS with a characteristic, age-dependent, electroclinical pattern. Improvement with adolescence/adulthood is usually observed. Our data strengthen the hypothesis of a GABAergic transmission imbalance underlying ZEB2-related epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Ricci
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Epilepsy Center, San Paolo Hospital, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Fetta
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Neuropsichiatria dell'Età Pediatrica, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Sant'Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Livia Garavelli
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Mother and Child, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Caraffi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Mother and Child, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Ivan Ivanovski
- Insitut für Medizinische Genetik, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Bonanni
- Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Conegliano, Treviso, Italy
| | - Patrizia Accorsi
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Lucio Giordano
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Pantaleoni
- Developmental Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Romeo
- Pediatric Neurology Unit and Epilepsy Center, 'Fatebenefratelli e Oftalmico' Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Arena
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Regional Referral Center for Inborn Errors Metabolism, Pediatric Clinic, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Silvia Bonetti
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Neuropsichiatria dell'Età Pediatrica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Boni
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Neuropsichiatria dell'Età Pediatrica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Chiarello
- Department of Neurosciences, Center for Epilepsy Surgery "C. Munari,", Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Di Pisa
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Neuropsichiatria dell'Età Pediatrica, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Sant'Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Epifanio
- Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, IRCCS E Medea Scientific Institute, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Francesca Faravelli
- Clinical Genetics, NE Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Erica Finardi
- Developmental Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Agata Fiumara
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Regional Referral Center for Inborn Errors Metabolism, Pediatric Clinic, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Daniele Grioni
- Child Neurophysiological Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Isabella Mammi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Dolo General Hospital, Venezia, Italy
| | - Susanna Negrin
- Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Conegliano, Treviso, Italy
| | - Elisa Osanni
- Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Conegliano, Treviso, Italy
| | | | | | - Romana Rizzi
- Neurology Unit Department of Neuro-Motor Diseases Local Health Authority of Reggio Emilia-IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Tarani
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Zanotta
- Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, IRCCS E Medea Scientific Institute, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Ada Dormi
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Neuropsichiatria dell'Età Pediatrica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Aglaia Vignoli
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariapaola Canevini
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Epilepsy Center, San Paolo Hospital, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Duccio M Cordelli
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Neuropsichiatria dell'Età Pediatrica, Bologna, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Sant'Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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21
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Karim A, Tang CSM, Tam PKH. The Emerging Genetic Landscape of Hirschsprung Disease and Its Potential Clinical Applications. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:638093. [PMID: 34422713 PMCID: PMC8374333 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.638093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is the leading cause of neonatal functional intestinal obstruction. It is a rare congenital disease with an incidence of one in 3,500-5,000 live births. HSCR is characterized by the absence of enteric ganglia in the distal colon, plausibly due to genetic defects perturbing the normal migration, proliferation, differentiation, and/or survival of the enteric neural crest cells as well as impaired interaction with the enteric progenitor cell niche. Early linkage analyses in Mendelian and syndromic forms of HSCR uncovered variants with large effects in major HSCR genes including RET, EDNRB, and their interacting partners in the same biological pathways. With the advances in genome-wide genotyping and next-generation sequencing technologies, there has been a remarkable progress in understanding of the genetic basis of HSCR in the past few years, with common and rare variants with small to moderate effects being uncovered. The discovery of new HSCR genes such as neuregulin and BACE2 as well as the deeper understanding of the roles and mechanisms of known HSCR genes provided solid evidence that many HSCR cases are in the form of complex polygenic/oligogenic disorder where rare variants act in the sensitized background of HSCR-associated common variants. This review summarizes the roadmap of genetic discoveries of HSCR from the earlier family-based linkage analyses to the recent population-based genome-wide analyses coupled with functional genomics, and how these discoveries facilitated our understanding of the genetic architecture of this complex disease and provide the foundation of clinical translation for precision and stratified medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwarul Karim
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Clara Sze-Man Tang
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Dak-Sum Research Center, The University of Hong Kong—Karolinska Institute Collaboration in Regenerative Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul Kwong-Hang Tam
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Dak-Sum Research Center, The University of Hong Kong—Karolinska Institute Collaboration in Regenerative Medicine, Hong Kong, China
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22
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Birkhoff JC, Huylebroeck D, Conidi A. ZEB2, the Mowat-Wilson Syndrome Transcription Factor: Confirmations, Novel Functions, and Continuing Surprises. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1037. [PMID: 34356053 PMCID: PMC8304685 DOI: 10.3390/genes12071037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
After its publication in 1999 as a DNA-binding and SMAD-binding transcription factor (TF) that co-determines cell fate in amphibian embryos, ZEB2 was from 2003 studied by embryologists mainly by documenting the consequences of conditional, cell-type specific Zeb2 knockout (cKO) in mice. In between, it was further identified as causal gene causing Mowat-Wilson Syndrome (MOWS) and novel regulator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). ZEB2's functions and action mechanisms in mouse embryos were first addressed in its main sites of expression, with focus on those that helped to explain neurodevelopmental and neural crest defects seen in MOWS patients. By doing so, ZEB2 was identified in the forebrain as the first TF that determined timing of neuro-/gliogenesis, and thereby also the extent of different layers of the cortex, in a cell non-autonomous fashion, i.e., by its cell-intrinsic control within neurons of neuron-to-progenitor paracrine signaling. Transcriptomics-based phenotyping of Zeb2 mutant mouse cells have identified large sets of intact-ZEB2 dependent genes, and the cKO approaches also moved to post-natal brain development and diverse other systems in adult mice, including hematopoiesis and various cell types of the immune system. These new studies start to highlight the important adult roles of ZEB2 in cell-cell communication, including after challenge, e.g., in the infarcted heart and fibrotic liver. Such studies may further evolve towards those documenting the roles of ZEB2 in cell-based repair of injured tissue and organs, downstream of actions of diverse growth factors, which recapitulate developmental signaling principles in the injured sites. Evident questions are about ZEB2's direct target genes, its various partners, and ZEB2 as a candidate modifier gene, e.g., in other (neuro)developmental disorders, but also the accurate transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of its mRNA expression sites and levels. Other questions start to address ZEB2's function as a niche-controlling regulatory TF of also other cell types, in part by its modulation of growth factor responses (e.g., TGFβ/BMP, Wnt, Notch). Furthermore, growing numbers of mapped missense as well as protein non-coding mutations in MOWS patients are becoming available and inspire the design of new animal model and pluripotent stem cell-based systems. This review attempts to summarize in detail, albeit without discussing ZEB2's role in cancer, hematopoiesis, and its emerging roles in the immune system, how intense ZEB2 research has arrived at this exciting intersection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith C. Birkhoff
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (J.C.B.); (D.H.)
| | - Danny Huylebroeck
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (J.C.B.); (D.H.)
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Unit Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Biomedical Sciences Group, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andrea Conidi
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (J.C.B.); (D.H.)
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23
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Frith K, Munier CML, Hastings L, Mowat D, Wilson M, Seddiki N, Macintosh R, Kelleher AD, Gray P, Zaunders JJ. The Role of ZEB2 in Human CD8 T Lymphocytes: Clinical and Cellular Immune Profiling in Mowat-Wilson Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105324. [PMID: 34070208 PMCID: PMC8158478 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Zeb2 gene encodes a transcription factor (ZEB2) that acts as an important immune mediator in mice, where it is expressed in early-activated effector CD8 T cells, and limits effector differentiation. Zeb2 homozygous knockout mice have deficits in CD8 T cells and NK cells. Mowat–Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a rare genetic disease resulting from heterozygous mutations in ZEB2 causing disease by haploinsufficiency. Whether ZEB2 exhibits similar expression patterns in human CD8 T cells is unknown, and MWS patients have not been comprehensively studied to identify changes in CD8 lymphocytes and NK cells, or manifestations of immunodeficiency. By using transcriptomic assessment, we demonstrated that ZEB2 is expressed in early-activated effector CD8 T cells of healthy human volunteers following vaccinia inoculation and found evidence of a role for TGFß-1/SMAD signaling in these cells. A broad immunological assessment of six genetically diagnosed MWS patients identified two patients with a history of recurrent sinopulmonary infections, one of whom had recurrent oral candidiasis, one with lymphopenia, two with thrombocytopenia and three with detectable anti-nuclear antibodies. Immunoglobulin levels, including functional antibody responses to protein and polysaccharide vaccination, were normal. The MWS patients had a significantly lower CD8 T cell subset as % of lymphocytes, compared to healthy controls (median 16.4% vs. 25%, p = 0.0048), and resulting increased CD4:CD8 ratio (2.6 vs. 1.8; p = 0.038). CD8 T cells responded normally to mitogen stimulation in vitro and memory CD8 T cells exhibited normal proportions of subsets with important tissue-specific homing markers and cytotoxic effector molecules. There was a trend towards a decrease in the CD8 T effector memory subset (3.3% vs. 5.9%; p = 0.19). NK cell subsets were normal. This is the first evidence that ZEB2 is expressed in early-activated human effector CD8 T cells, and that haploinsufficiency of ZEB2 in MWS patients had a slight effect on immune function, skewing T cells away from CD8 differentiation. To date there is insufficient evidence to support an immunodeficiency occurring in MWS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Frith
- Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia; (L.H.); (D.M.); (R.M.); (P.G.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Correspondence: (K.F.); (C.M.L.M.); (J.J.Z.)
| | - C. Mee Ling Munier
- The Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
- Correspondence: (K.F.); (C.M.L.M.); (J.J.Z.)
| | - Lucy Hastings
- Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia; (L.H.); (D.M.); (R.M.); (P.G.)
| | - David Mowat
- Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia; (L.H.); (D.M.); (R.M.); (P.G.)
| | - Meredith Wilson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia;
| | - Nabila Seddiki
- INSERM U955 Eq16, Vaccine Research Institute and Université Paris Est Créteil, F-94010 Créteil, France;
| | - Rebecca Macintosh
- Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia; (L.H.); (D.M.); (R.M.); (P.G.)
| | - Anthony D. Kelleher
- The Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
- Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Paul Gray
- Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia; (L.H.); (D.M.); (R.M.); (P.G.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - John James Zaunders
- The Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity in Society, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
- Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
- Correspondence: (K.F.); (C.M.L.M.); (J.J.Z.)
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24
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Jakubiak A, Szczałuba K, Badura-Stronka M, Kutkowska-Kaźmierczak A, Jakubiuk-Tomaszuk A, Chilarska T, Pilch J, Braun-Walicka N, Castaneda J, Wołyńska K, Wiśniewska M, Kugaudo M, Bielecka M, Pesz K, Wierzba J, Latos-Bieleńska A, Obersztyn E, Krajewska-Walasek M, Śmigiel R. Clinical characteristics of Polish patients with molecularly confirmed Mowat-Wilson syndrome. J Appl Genet 2021; 62:477-485. [PMID: 33982229 PMCID: PMC8357696 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-021-00636-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Mowat-Wilson syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the ZEB2 gene, intragenic deletions of the ZEB2 gene, and microdeletions in the critical chromosomal region 2q22-23, where the ZEB2 gene is located. Mowat-Wilson syndrome is characterized by typical facial features that change with the age, severe developmental delay with intellectual disability, and multiple congenital abnormalities. The authors describe the clinical and genetic aspects of 28th patients with Mowat-Wilson syndrome diagnosed in Poland. Characteristic dysmorphic features, psychomotor retardation, intellectual disability, and congenital anomalies were present in all cases. The incidence of most common congenital anomalies (heart defect, Hirschsprung disease, brain defects) was similar to presented in literature. Epilepsy was less common compared to previously reported cases. Although the spectrum of disorders in patients with Mowat-Wilson syndrome is wide, knowledge of characteristic dysmorphic features awareness of accompanying abnormalities, especially intellectual disability, improves detection of the syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Jakubiak
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Propaedeutics and Rare Disorders, Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | | | | | | | - Anna Jakubiuk-Tomaszuk
- Department of Neurology and Children Rehabilitation, Medical University, Bialystok, Poland
- Medical Genetics Unit, Mastermed Medical Center, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Tatiana Chilarska
- Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Pilch
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Jennifer Castaneda
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Monika Kugaudo
- Department of Children and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Clinical Centre, Paediatric Teaching Clinical Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Bielecka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Pesz
- Department of Genetics, Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Wierzba
- Department of Internal and Paediatric Nursing, Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Medical University Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Obersztyn
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Robert Śmigiel
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Propaedeutics and Rare Disorders, Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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25
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Refaat K, Helmy N, Elawady M, El Ruby M, Kamel A, Mekkawy M, Ashaat E, Eid O, Mohamed A, Rady M. Interstitial Deletion of 2q22.2q22.3 Involving the Entire ZEB2 Gene in a Case of Mowat-Wilson Syndrome. Mol Syndromol 2021; 12:87-95. [PMID: 34012377 DOI: 10.1159/000513313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a rare autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by dysmorphic features, mental retardation, and congenital heart disease (CHD). MWS results from microdeletions of chromosome 2q23 or de novo SNVs involving the ZEB2 gene. Here, we report on an Egyptian MWS patient diagnosed by chromosomal microarray (CMA). A 1-year-old male child was referred to the CHD clinic, National Research Centre, presenting with dysmorphic features and CHD. The patient was referred to the human cytogenetics department for cytogenetic analysis and for screening of subtelomere rearrangements and microdeletion loci, using MLPA, and all revealed normal results. CMA revealed an interstitial 2.27-Mb microdeletion in chromosome 2q, involving the entire ZEB2 gene and other genes. This study emphasizes the significance of CMA in the detection of microdeletions/microduplications and as a screening tool in cases presenting with CHD and extracardiac manifestations. MWS should be suspected in patients presenting with the characteristic facial dysmorphism, developmental delay, seizures, Hirschsprung disease, and congenital heart anomalies, especially those involving the pulmonary arteries or pulmonary valves. It is recommended to include the ZEB2 locus in the MLPA microdeletions probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Refaat
- Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Department of Human Cytogenetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nivine Helmy
- Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Department of Human Cytogenetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elawady
- Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona El Ruby
- Department of Clinical Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa Kamel
- Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Department of Human Cytogenetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona Mekkawy
- Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Department of Human Cytogenetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Engy Ashaat
- Department of Clinical Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola Eid
- Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Department of Human Cytogenetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal Mohamed
- Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Department of Human Cytogenetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mervat Rady
- Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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26
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Zou D, Wang L, Wen F, Xiao H, Duan J, Zhang T, Yin Z, Dong Q, Guo J, Liao J. Genotype-phenotype analysis in Mowat-Wilson syndrome associated with two novel and two recurrent ZEB2 variants. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:263. [PMID: 33199988 PMCID: PMC7664618 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to analyze the genotype-phenotype relationship in patients with variants of zinc finger E box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2), which is a gene encoding a homeobox transcription factor known to be mutated in Mowat Wilson syndrome (MWS). Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed in 530 children, of whom 333 had epilepsy with or without developmental delay and 197 developmental delay alone. Pathogenic variants were identified and verified using Sanger sequencing, and the disease phenotypes of the corresponding patients were analyzed for features of MWS. WGS was performed in 333 children with epilepsy, with or without developmental delays or intellectual disability and 197 children with developmental delay alone. A total of 4 unrelated patients were indicated to be heterozygous for truncating mutations in ZEB2. A total of three of these were nonsense mutations (novel Gln1072X and recurrent Trp97X and Arg921X), and one was a frameshift mutation (novel Val357Aspfs*15). The mutations have occurred de novo as confirmed by Sanger sequence comparisons in patients and their parents. All 4 patients exhibited signs of MWS, whereby the severity increased the closer a mutation was located to the amino terminus of the protein. The results suggest that the clinical outcome in MWS depends on the relative position of the truncation in the ZEB2 gene. A number of interpretations of this genotype/phenotype association are discussed in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Zou
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518038, P.R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, P.R. China
| | - Feiqiu Wen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518038, P.R. China
| | - Hongdou Xiao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, P.R. China
| | - Jing Duan
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518038, P.R. China
| | - Tongda Zhang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, P.R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Yin
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, P.R. China
| | - Qiwen Dong
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, P.R. China
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Jian Guo
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, P.R. China
| | - Jianxiang Liao
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518038, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Professor Jianxiang Liao, Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, 7019 Yitian Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518038, P.R. China
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27
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Weigele J, Bohnsack BL. Genetics Underlying the Interactions between Neural Crest Cells and Eye Development. J Dev Biol 2020; 8:jdb8040026. [PMID: 33182738 PMCID: PMC7712190 DOI: 10.3390/jdb8040026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural crest is a unique, transient stem cell population that is critical for craniofacial and ocular development. Understanding the genetics underlying the steps of neural crest development is essential for gaining insight into the pathogenesis of congenital eye diseases. The neural crest cells play an under-appreciated key role in patterning the neural epithelial-derived optic cup. These interactions between neural crest cells within the periocular mesenchyme and the optic cup, while not well-studied, are critical for optic cup morphogenesis and ocular fissure closure. As a result, microphthalmia and coloboma are common phenotypes in human disease and animal models in which neural crest cell specification and early migration are disrupted. In addition, neural crest cells directly contribute to numerous ocular structures including the cornea, iris, sclera, ciliary body, trabecular meshwork, and aqueous outflow tracts. Defects in later neural crest cell migration and differentiation cause a constellation of well-recognized ocular anterior segment anomalies such as Axenfeld–Rieger Syndrome and Peters Anomaly. This review will focus on the genetics of the neural crest cells within the context of how these complex processes specifically affect overall ocular development and can lead to congenital eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Weigele
- Division of Ophthalmology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 645 N. Michigan Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Brenda L. Bohnsack
- Division of Ophthalmology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 645 N. Michigan Ave, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-312-227-6180; Fax: +1-312-227-9411
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Dagorno C, Pio L, Capri Y, Ali L, Giurgea I, Qoshe L, Morcrette G, Julien-Marsollier F, Sommet J, Chomton M, Berrebi D, Bonnard A. Mowat Wilson syndrome and Hirschsprung disease: a retrospective study on functional outcomes. Pediatr Surg Int 2020; 36:1309-1315. [PMID: 32980962 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-020-04751-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Mowat Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a complex genetic disorder due to mutation or deletion of the ZEB2 gene (ZFHX1B), including multiple clinical features. Hirschsprung disease is associated with this syndrome with a prevalence between 43 and 57%. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the severe outcomes and the high complication rates in children with MWS, focusing on their complicated follow-up. METHODS A retrospective comparative study was conducted on patients referred to Robert-Debré Children's Hospital for MWS from 2003 to 2018. Multidisciplinary follow-up was carried out by surgeons, geneticists, gastroenterologists, and neurologists. Data regarding patient characteristics, surgical management, postoperative complications, and functional outcomes were collected. RESULTS Over this period of 15 years, 23 patients were diagnosed with MWS. Hirschsprung disease was associated with 10 of them (43%). Of these cases, two patients had recto-sigmoïd aganglionosis (20%), three had aganglionic segment extension to the left colic angle (30%), two to the right colic angle (20%), and three to the whole colon (30%). The median follow-up was 8.5 years (2 months-15 years). All patients had seizures and intellectual disability. Six children (60%) presented with cardiac defects. At the last follow-up, three patients still had a stoma diversion and 7 (70%) were fed orally. One patient died during the first months. Eight (80%) of these children required a second surgery due to complications. At the last follow-up, three patients reported episodes of abdominal bloating (42%), one recurrent treated constipation (14.3%), and one soiling (14.3%). Genetic analysis identified three patients with heterozygous deletions, three with codon mutations, and three with frameshift mutations. CONCLUSIONS MWS associated with Hirschsprung disease has a high rate of immediate surgical complications but some patients may achieve bowel function comparable with non-syndromic HD patients. A multidisciplinary follow-up is required for these patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Retrospective observational single cohort study, Level 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Dagorno
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Robert Debré Children University Hospital, APHP, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
| | - Luca Pio
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Robert Debré Children University Hospital, APHP, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France. .,Paris University, Paris, France.
| | - Yline Capri
- Department of Genetics, Robert-Debré Children University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Liza Ali
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Robert Debré Children University Hospital, APHP, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France
| | - Irina Giurgea
- Department of Genetics, Trousseau Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Livia Qoshe
- Princeton Internships in Civic Service, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08542, USA
| | - Guillaume Morcrette
- Department of Pediatric Pathology, Robert-Debré Children University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Florence Julien-Marsollier
- Department of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Intensive care and Pain Management, Robert Debré Children University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France.,PRES Paris Sorbonne Cité, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Julie Sommet
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Robert-Debré Children University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Maryline Chomton
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Robert-Debré Children University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Berrebi
- Paris University, Paris, France.,Department of Pediatric Pathology, Robert-Debré Children University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Bonnard
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Robert Debré Children University Hospital, APHP, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019, Paris, France.,Paris University, Paris, France
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A de novo frameshift mutation in ZEB2 causes polledness, abnormal skull shape, small body stature and subfertility in Fleckvieh cattle. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17032. [PMID: 33046754 PMCID: PMC7550345 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73807-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Polledness in cattle is an autosomal dominant trait. Previous studies have revealed allelic heterogeneity at the polled locus and four different variants were identified, all in intergenic regions. In this study, we report a case of polled bull (FV-Polled1) born to horned parents, indicating a de novo origin of this polled condition. Using 50K genotyping and whole genome sequencing data, we identified on chromosome 2 an 11-bp deletion (AC_000159.1:g.52364063_52364073del; Del11) in the second exon of ZEB2 gene as the causal mutation for this de novo polled condition. We predicted that the deletion would shorten the protein product of ZEB2 by almost 91%. Moreover, we showed that all animals carrying Del11 mutation displayed symptoms similar to Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) in humans, which is also associated with genetic variations in ZEB2. The symptoms in cattle include delayed maturity, small body stature and abnormal shape of skull. This is the first report of a de novo dominant mutation affecting only ZEB2 and associated with a genetic absence of horns. Therefore our results demonstrate undoubtedly that ZEB2 plays an important role in the process of horn ontogenesis as well as in the regulation of overall development and growth of animals.
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Turovskaya MV, Epifanova EA, Tarabykin VS, Babaev AA, Turovsky EA. Interleukin-10 restores glutamate receptor-mediated Ca 2+-signaling in brain circuits under loss of Sip1 transcription factor. Int J Neurosci 2020; 132:114-125. [PMID: 32727246 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1803305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the connection between the mutation of the Sip1 transcription factor and impaired Ca2+-signaling, which reflects changes in neurotransmission in the cerebral cortex in vitro. METHODS We used mixed neuroglial cortical cell cultures derived from Sip1 mutant mice. The cells were loaded with a fluorescent ratiometric calcium-sensitive probe Fura-2 AM and epileptiform activity was modeled by excluding magnesium ions from the external media or adding a GABA(A) receptor antagonist, bicuculline. Intracellular calcium dynamics were recorded using fluorescence microscopy. To identify the level of gene expression, the Real-Time PCR method was used. RESULTS It was found that cortical neurons isolated from homozygous (Sip1fl/fl) mice with the Sip1 mutation demonstrate suppressed Ca2+ signals in models of epileptiform activity in vitro. Wild-type cortical neurons are characterized by synchronous high-frequency and high-amplitude Ca2+ oscillations occurring in all neurons of the network in response to Mg2+-free medium and bicuculline. But cortical Sip1fl/fl neurons only single Ca2+ pulses or attenuated Ca2+ oscillations are recorded and only in single neurons, while most of the cell network does not respond to these stimuli. This signal deficiency of Sip1fl/fl neurons correlates with a suppressed expression level of the genes encoding the subunits of NMDA, AMPA, and KA receptors; protein kinases PKA, JNK, CaMKII; and also the transcription factor Hif1α. These negative effects were partially abolished when Sip1fl/fl neurons are grown in media with anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. IL-10 increases the expression of the above-mentioned genes but not to the level of expression in wild-type. At the same time, the amplitudes of Ca2+ signals increase in response to the selective agonists of NMDA, AMPA and KA receptors, and the proportion of neurons responding with Ca2+ oscillations to a Mg2+-free medium and bicuculline increases. CONCLUSION IL-10 restores neurotransmission in neuronal networks with the Sip1 mutation by regulating the expression of genes encoding signaling proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Turovskaya
- Laboratory of Intracellular Signaling, Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences," Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Epifanova
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Technologies, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia
| | - Victor S Tarabykin
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Technologies, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexei A Babaev
- Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Technologies, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia
| | - Egor A Turovsky
- Laboratory of Intracellular Signaling, Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences," Russia.,Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Technologies, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia
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31
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Ivanovski I, Djuric O, Broccoli S, Caraffi SG, Accorsi P, Adam MP, Avela K, Badura-Stronka M, Bayat A, Clayton-Smith J, Cocco I, Cordelli DM, Cuturilo G, Di Pisa V, Dupont Garcia J, Gastaldi R, Giordano L, Guala A, Hoei-Hansen C, Inaba M, Iodice A, Nielsen JEK, Kuburovic V, Lazalde-Medina B, Malbora B, Mizuno S, Moldovan O, Møller RS, Muschke P, Otelli V, Pantaleoni C, Piscopo C, Poch-Olive ML, Prpic I, Marín Reina P, Raviglione F, Ricci E, Scarano E, Simonte G, Smigiel R, Tanteles G, Tarani L, Trimouille A, Valera ET, Schrier Vergano S, Writzl K, Callewaert B, Savasta S, Street ME, Iughetti L, Bernasconi S, Giorgi Rossi P, Garavelli L. Mowat-Wilson syndrome: growth charts. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:151. [PMID: 32539836 PMCID: PMC7294656 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01418-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS; OMIM #235730) is a genetic condition caused by heterozygous mutations or deletions of the ZEB2 gene. It is characterized by moderate-severe intellectual disability, epilepsy, Hirschsprung disease and multiple organ malformations of which congenital heart defects and urogenital anomalies are the most frequent ones. To date, a clear description of the physical development of MWS patients does not exist. The aim of this study is to provide up-to-date growth charts specific for infants and children with MWS. Charts for males and females aged from 0 to 16 years were generated using a total of 2865 measurements from 99 MWS patients of different ancestries. All data were collected through extensive collaborations with the Italian MWS association (AIMW) and the MWS Foundation. The GAMLSS package for the R statistical computing software was used to model the growth charts. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and head circumference were compared to those from standard international growth charts for healthy children. RESULTS In newborns, weight and length were distributed as in the general population, while head circumference was slightly smaller, with an average below the 30th centile. Up to the age of 7 years, weight and height distribution was shifted to slightly lower values than in the general population; after that, the difference increased further, with 50% of the affected children below the 5th centile of the general population. BMI distribution was similar to that of non-affected children until the age of 7 years, at which point values in MWS children increased with a less steep slope, particularly in males. Microcephaly was sometimes present at birth, but in most cases it developed gradually during infancy; many children had a small head circumference, between the 3rd and the 10th centile, rather than being truly microcephalic (at least 2 SD below the mean). Most patients were of slender build. CONCLUSIONS These charts contribute to the understanding of the natural history of MWS and should assist pediatricians and other caregivers in providing optimal care to MWS individuals who show problems related to physical growth. This is the first study on growth in patients with MWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Ivanovski
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento, 80 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy.,Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Institut für Medizinische Genetik, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Olivera Djuric
- Epidemiology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.,Center for Environmental, Nutritional and Genetic Epidemiology (CREAGEN), Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Serena Broccoli
- Epidemiology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Giuseppe Caraffi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento, 80 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Accorsi
- Neuropsychiatric Department, Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Margaret P Adam
- Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kristina Avela
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Allan Bayat
- Institute for Regional Health Service, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Centre Dianalund, Dianalund, Denmark
| | - Jill Clayton-Smith
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Isabella Cocco
- Neuropsychiatric Department, Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Duccio Maria Cordelli
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Pediatric Department, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Goran Cuturilo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Department of Medical Genetics, University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Veronica Di Pisa
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Juliette Dupont Garcia
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Lucio Giordano
- Neuropsychiatric Department, Spedali Civili Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Guala
- SOC Pediatria, Ospedale Castelli, Verbania, Italy
| | | | - Mie Inaba
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Aichi Human Service Center, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Alessandro Iodice
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Vladimir Kuburovic
- Department of Cardiology, Mother and Child Health Care Institute, Belgrade, Serbia.,Skånes universitet sjukhus, Barnkliniken, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Baris Malbora
- Department of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Seiji Mizuno
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Aichi Human Service Center, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Oana Moldovan
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rikke S Møller
- Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark.,Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Petra Muschke
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Chiara Pantaleoni
- Developmental Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmelo Piscopo
- U.O.S.C. Medical Genetics, A.O.R.N. "A. Cardarelli", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Igor Prpic
- Department of Pediatrics-Child Neurology Service, University Hospital Rijeka, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Purificación Marín Reina
- Dismorphology and Reproductive Genetics, Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, University & Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Emilia Ricci
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Pediatric Department, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuela Scarano
- Unit of Pediatrics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Graziella Simonte
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento, 80 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy.,Department of Pediatrics and Medical Sciences, "Vittorio Emanuele" Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Robert Smigiel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division Pediatric Propedeutics and Rare Disorders, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - George Tanteles
- Clinical Genetics Clinic, Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Luigi Tarani
- Department of Pediatrics, University "La Sapienza,", Rome, Italy
| | - Aurelien Trimouille
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Génétique Médicale, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM U1211, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Elvis Terci Valera
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samantha Schrier Vergano
- Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA.,Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Karin Writzl
- Clinical Institute of Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bert Callewaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Salvatore Savasta
- Pediatric Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico "S. Matteo" Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Elisabeth Street
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Iughetti
- Post-graduate School of Pediatrics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of Mother, Children and Adults, Pediatric Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Giorgi Rossi
- Epidemiology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Livia Garavelli
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento, 80 42123, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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Deryckere A, Stappers E, Dries R, Peyre E, van den Berghe V, Conidi A, Zampeta FI, Francis A, Bresseleers M, Stryjewska A, Vanlaer R, Maas E, Smal IV, van IJcken WFJ, Grosveld FG, Nguyen L, Huylebroeck D, Seuntjens E. Multifaceted actions of Zeb2 in postnatal neurogenesis from the ventricular-subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb. Development 2020; 147:dev184861. [PMID: 32253238 DOI: 10.1242/dev.184861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
The transcription factor Zeb2 controls fate specification and subsequent differentiation and maturation of multiple cell types in various embryonic tissues. It binds many protein partners, including activated Smad proteins and the NuRD co-repressor complex. How Zeb2 subdomains support cell differentiation in various contexts has remained elusive. Here, we studied the role of Zeb2 and its domains in neurogenesis and neural differentiation in the young postnatal ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ), in which neural stem cells generate olfactory bulb-destined interneurons. Conditional Zeb2 knockouts and separate acute loss- and gain-of-function approaches indicated that Zeb2 is essential for controlling apoptosis and neuronal differentiation of V-SVZ progenitors before and after birth, and we identified Sox6 as a potential downstream target gene of Zeb2. Zeb2 genetic inactivation impaired the differentiation potential of the V-SVZ niche in a cell-autonomous fashion. We also provide evidence that its normal function in the V-SVZ also involves non-autonomous mechanisms. Additionally, we demonstrate distinct roles for Zeb2 protein-binding domains, suggesting that Zeb2 partners co-determine neuronal output from the mouse V-SVZ in both quantitative and qualitative ways in early postnatal life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Deryckere
- Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Elke Stappers
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben Dries
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Elise Peyre
- GIGA-Stem Cells and GIGA-Neurosciences, Liège University, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Veronique van den Berghe
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, and MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Andrea Conidi
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - F Isabella Zampeta
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Annick Francis
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Marjolein Bresseleers
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Agata Stryjewska
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Ria Vanlaer
- Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Elke Maas
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Ihor V Smal
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Wilfred F J van IJcken
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands
- Center for Biomics-Genomics, Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Frank G Grosveld
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Laurent Nguyen
- GIGA-Stem Cells and GIGA-Neurosciences, Liège University, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Danny Huylebroeck
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Eve Seuntjens
- Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Celgen), Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
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Cardiac disorders and structural brain abnormalities are commonly associated with hypospadias in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Clin Dysmorphol 2019; 28:114-119. [PMID: 30921090 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of our study was to use an established cohort of boys to investigate common patterns of malformations in those with hypospadias. We performed a retrospective review of the phenotype of participants in the Deciphering Developmental Disorders Study with neurodevelopmental delay and an 'Abnormality of the genital system'. This group was divided into two subgroups: those with hypospadias and without hypospadias. Associated phenotypes of the two subgroups were compared and analysed. Of the 166 Deciphering Developmental Disorders participants with hypospadias and neurodevelopmental delay, 47 (28%) had cardiovascular and 40 (24%) had structural brain abnormalities. The rate of cardiovascular abnormalities in those with neurodevelopmental delay and genital abnormalities other than hypospadias (N = 645) was lower at 19% (P = 0.001). In addition, structural brain malformations were higher at 24% in the hypospadias group versus 15% in the group without hypospadias (P = 0.002). The constellation of these features occured at a higher rate in the hypospadias group versus the no hypospadias group (P = 0.038). In summary, this is the first study to indicate that cardiovascular and brain abnormalities are frequently encountered in association with hypospadias in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Not only do these associations provide insight into the underlying aetiology but also they highlight the multisystem involvement in conditions with hypospadias.
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Squassina A, Meloni A, Chillotti C, Pisanu C. Zinc finger proteins in psychiatric disorders and response to psychotropic medications. Psychiatr Genet 2019; 29:132-141. [PMID: 31464994 DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Zinc finger proteins are a large family of abundantly expressed small motifs that play a crucial role in a wide range of physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms. Findings published so far support an involvement of zinc fingers in psychiatric disorders. Most of the evidence has been provided for the zinc finger protein 804A (ZNF804A) gene, which has been suggested to be implicated in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. This evidence has been corroborated by a wide range of functional studies showing that ZNF804A regulates the expression of genes involved in cell adhesion and plays a crucial role in neurite formation and maintenance of dendritic spines. On the other hand, far less is known on other zinc finger proteins and their involvement in psychiatric disorders. In this review, we discussed studies exploring the role of zinc finger proteins in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder as well as in pharmacogenetics of psychotropic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Squassina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada Department of Neuroscience, Unit of Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Schuster J, Sobol M, Fatima A, Khalfallah A, Laan L, Anderlid BM, Nordgren A, Dahl N. Mowat-Wilson syndrome: Generation of two human iPS cell lines (UUIGPi004A and UUIGPi005A) from siblings with a truncating ZEB2 gene variant. Stem Cell Res 2019; 39:101518. [PMID: 31376723 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a complex developmental syndrome caused by heterozygous mutations in the Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 gene (ZEB2). We generated the first human iPSC lines from primary fibroblasts of two siblings with MWS carrying a heterozygous ZEB2 stop mutation (c.1027C > T; p.Arg343*) using the Sendai virus reprogramming system. Both iPSC lines were free from reprogramming vector genes, expressed pluripotency markers and showed potential to differentiate into the three germ layers. Genetic analysis confirmed normal karyotypes and a preserved stop mutation. These iPSC lines will provide a useful resource to study altered neural lineage fate and neuropathophysiology in MWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Schuster
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Maria Sobol
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ambrin Fatima
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ayda Khalfallah
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Loora Laan
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Britt-Marie Anderlid
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann Nordgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, and Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklas Dahl
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Evans CA, Pinner J, Chan CY, Bowyer L, Mowat D, Buckley MF, Roscioli T. Fetal diagnosis of Mowat-Wilson syndrome by whole exome sequencing. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:2152-2157. [PMID: 31321886 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a complex genetic disorder associated with heterozygous variation in ZEB2. It is mainly characterized by moderate-to-severe intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism, epilepsy, and various malformations including Hirschsprung disease, corpus callosum anomalies, and congenital heart defects. It is rarely diagnosed prenatally and there is limited information available on the prenatal phenotype associated with MWS. Here we report the detection of a heterozygous de novo nonsense variant in ZEB2 by whole exome sequencing in a fetus with microphthalmia in addition to cardiac defects and typical MWS facial dysmorphism. As the prenatal phenotypic spectrum of MWS expands, the routine addition of fetal genomic testing particularly in the presence of multiple malformations will increase both the sensitivity and specificity of prenatal diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carey-Anne Evans
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jason Pinner
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cheng Y Chan
- New South Wales Health Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lucy Bowyer
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, Royal Hospital for Women, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Mowat
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael F Buckley
- New South Wales Health Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tony Roscioli
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,New South Wales Health Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
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Wang H, Yan YC, Li Q, Zhang Z, Xiao P, Yuan XY, Li L, Jiang Q. [Clinical and genetic features of Mowat-Wilson syndrome: an analysis of 3 cases]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2019; 21:468-473. [PMID: 31104665 PMCID: PMC7389425 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disease caused by zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) gene mutation and has various clinical manifestations including intellectual disability/global developmental delay, unusual facies and multiple congenital malformations. This article reports the clinical features and gene mutations of three children diagnosed with MWS by ZEB2 gene analysis. All three children had Hirschsprung disease and unusual facies. One child died of severe heart failure and pneumonia at the age of 4 months. Global developmental delay was not discovered by her parents due to her young age. The other two children had severe global developmental delay. All three children carried a de novo heterozygous nonsense mutation in the ZEB2 gene, among which c.756C>A (p.Y252X) had not been reported before. Such mutations produced truncated proteins and were highly pathogenic. MWS is presented with strong clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Clinicians should consider the possibility of MWS when a child has unusual facies of MWS, intellectual disability/global developmental delay and multiple congenital malformations. Gene detection helps to make a confirmed diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China.
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38
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Miksiunas R, Mobasheri A, Bironaite D. Homeobox Genes and Homeodomain Proteins: New Insights into Cardiac Development, Degeneration and Regeneration. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1212:155-178. [PMID: 30945165 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of human death in the developing world. Extensive evidence indicates that various toxic environmental factors and unhealthy lifestyle choices contribute to the risk, incidence and severity of cardiovascular diseases. Alterations in the genetic level of myocardium affects normal heart development and initiates pathological processes leading to various types of cardiac diseases. Homeobox genes are a large and highly specialized family of closely related genes that direct the formation of body structure, including cardiac development. Homeobox genes encode homeodomain proteins that function as transcription factors with characteristic structures that allow them to bind to DNA, regulate gene expression and subsequently control the proper physiological function of cells, tissues and organs. Mutations in homeobox genes are rare and usually lethal with evident alterations in cardiac function at or soon after the birth. Our understanding of homeobox gene family expression and function has expanded significantly during the recent years. However, the involvement of homeobox genes in the development of human and animal cardiac tissue requires further investigation. The phenotype of human congenital heart defects unveils only some aspects of human heart development. Therefore, mouse models are often used to gain a better understanding of human heart function, pathology and regeneration. In this review, we have focused on the role of homeobox genes in the development and pathology of human heart as potential tools for the future development of targeted regenerative strategies for various heart malfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rokas Miksiunas
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Daiva Bironaite
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Wójtowicz-Marzec M, Respondek-Liberska M. Prenatal Microcephaly and Hydrocephalus and Normal Heart Anatomy, Postnatal Diagnosis of Nijmegen Syndrome - Case Report. PRENATAL CARDIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/pcard-2018-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Nijmengen breakage syndrome is a rare autosomal condition mainly characterized by microcephaly. Patients are predisposed to malignancies due to combined immunodeficiency. The presented patient had prenatally diagnosed microcephaly with atypical ventriculomegaly of occipital horns. Fetal echocardiography showed a normal fetal heart anatomy. Diagnosis of Nijmengen syndrome was confirmed postnatally. The differential diagnosis of fetal microcephaly should take into account intrauterine infections, perinatal brain injury, congenital malformations or biological variants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Respondek-Liberska
- Department of Prenatal Cardiology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital ResearchInstitute, Lodz , Poland
- Medical University of Lodz, Department of Diagnoses and Prevention Fetal Malformations, Lodz , Poland
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Epifanova E, Babaev A, Newman AG, Tarabykin V. Role of Zeb2/Sip1 in neuronal development. Brain Res 2018; 1705:24-31. [PMID: 30266271 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Zeb2 (Sip1, Zfhx1b) is a transcription factor that plays essential role in neuronal development. Sip1 mutation in humans was shown to cause Mowat-Wilson syndrome, a syndromic form of Hirschprung's disease. Affected individuals exhibit multiple severe neurodevelopmental defects. Zeb2 can act as both transcriptional repressor and activator. It controls expression of a wide number of genes that regulate various aspects of neuronal development. This review addresses the molecular pathways acting downstream of Zeb2 that cause brain development disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Epifanova
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarina ave 23, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexey Babaev
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarina ave 23, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Andrew G Newman
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Victor Tarabykin
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarina ave 23, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
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41
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Gosso MF, Rohr C, Brun B, Mejico G, Madeira F, Fay F, Klurfan M, Vazquez M. Exome-first approach identified novel INDELs and gene deletions in Mowat-Wilson Syndrome patients. Hum Genome Var 2018; 5:21. [PMID: 30083364 PMCID: PMC6070557 DOI: 10.1038/s41439-018-0021-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is characterized by severe intellectual disability, absent or impaired speech and microcephaly, with a gradual post-natal onset. The syndrome is often confused with other Angelman-like syndromes (ALS) during infancy, but in older children and adults, the characteristic facial gestalt of Mowat–Wilson syndrome allows it to be distinguished easily from ALS. We report two cases in which an exome-first approach of patients with MWS identified two novel deletions in the ZEB2 gene ranging from a 4 base deletion (case 1) to at least a 573 Kb deletion (case 2).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bianca Brun
- Heritas - INDEAR, Ocampo 210bis, Rosario, Argentina
| | | | | | - Fabian Fay
- Heritas - CIBIC S.A, Zeballos 249, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Melina Klurfan
- Casa Angelman, Esmeralda 280, Tigre, Buenos Aires Argentina
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Wei W, Liu B, Jiang H, Jin K, Xiang M. Requirement of the Mowat-Wilson Syndrome Gene Zeb2 in the Differentiation and Maintenance of Non-photoreceptor Cell Types During Retinal Development. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:1719-1736. [PMID: 29922981 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1186-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the human transcription factor gene ZEB2 cause Mowat-Wilson syndrome, a congenital disorder characterized by multiple and variable anomalies including microcephaly, Hirschsprung disease, intellectual disability, epilepsy, microphthalmia, retinal coloboma, and/or optic nerve hypoplasia. Zeb2 in mice is involved in patterning neural and lens epithelia, neural tube closure, as well as in the specification, differentiation and migration of neural crest cells and cortical neurons. At present, it is still unclear how Zeb2 mutations cause retinal coloboma, whether Zeb2 inactivation results in retinal degeneration, and whether Zeb2 is sufficient to promote the differentiation of different retinal cell types. Here, we show that during mouse retinal development, Zeb2 is expressed transiently in early retinal progenitors and in all non-photoreceptor cell types including bipolar, amacrine, horizontal, ganglion, and Müller glial cells. Its retina-specific ablation causes severe loss of all non-photoreceptor cell types, cell fate switch to photoreceptors by retinal progenitors, and elevated apoptosis, which lead to age-dependent retinal degeneration, optic nerve hypoplasia, synaptic connection defects, and impaired ERG (electroretinogram) responses. Moreover, overexpression of Zeb2 is sufficient to promote the fate of all non-photoreceptor cell types at the expense of photoreceptors. Together, our data not only suggest that Zeb2 is both necessary and sufficient for the differentiation of non-photoreceptor cell types while simultaneously inhibiting the photoreceptor cell fate by repressing transcription factor genes involved in photoreceptor specification and differentiation, but also reveal a necessity of Zeb2 in the long-term maintenance of retinal cell types. This work helps to decipher the etiology of retinal atrophy associated with Mowat-Wilson syndrome and hence will impact on clinical diagnosis and management of the patients suffering from this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Haisong Jiang
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers University-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 679 Hoes Lane West, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Kangxin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Mengqing Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China. .,Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers University-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 679 Hoes Lane West, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Tang CS, Zhuang X, Lam WY, Ngan ESW, Hsu JS, Michelle YU, Man-Ting SO, Cherny SS, Ngo ND, Sham PC, Tam PK, Garcia-Barcelo MM. Uncovering the genetic lesions underlying the most severe form of Hirschsprung disease by whole-genome sequencing. Eur J Hum Genet 2018; 26:818-826. [PMID: 29483666 PMCID: PMC5974185 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-018-0129-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a complex birth defect characterized by the lack of ganglion cells along a variable length of the distal intestine. A large proportion of HSCR patients remain genetically unexplained. We applied whole-genome sequencing (WGS) on 9 trios where the probands are sporadically affected with the most severe form of the disorder and harbor no coding sequence variants affecting the function of known HSCR genes. We found de novo protein-altering variants in three intolerant to change genes-CCT2, VASH1, and CYP26A1-for which a plausible link with the enteric nervous system (ENS) exists. De novo single-nucleotide and indel variants were present in introns and non-coding neighboring regions of ENS-related genes, including NRG1 and ERBB4. Joint analysis with those inherited rare variants found under recessive and/or digenic models revealed both patient-unique and shared genetic features where rare variants were found to be enriched in the extracellular matrix-receptor (ECM-receptor) pathway (p = 3.4 × 10-11). Delineation of the genetic profile of each patient might help finding common grounds that could lead to the discovery of shared molecules that could be used as drug targets for the currently ongoing cell therapy effort which aims at providing an alternative to the surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Sm Tang
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Dr. Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong - Karolinska Institutet Collaboration in Regenerative Medicine, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xuehan Zhuang
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wai-Yee Lam
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Elly Sau-Wai Ngan
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jacob Shujui Hsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y U Michelle
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S O Man-Ting
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Stacey S Cherny
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Centre for Genomic Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Pak C Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Centre for Genomic Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Paul Kh Tam
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Dr. Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong - Karolinska Institutet Collaboration in Regenerative Medicine, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Maria-Mercè Garcia-Barcelo
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Spunton M, Garavelli L, Mainardi PC, Emmig U, Finale E, Guala A. Anesthesia in Mowat-Wilson syndrome: information on 11 Italian patients. Pediatr Rep 2018; 10:7514. [PMID: 29721247 PMCID: PMC5907729 DOI: 10.4081/pr.2018.7514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mowat-Wilson syndrome is a genetic disease caused by heterozygous mutations or deletions of the ZEB2 gene and characterized by typical clinical features. The congenital malformations typical of this syndrome call for early diagnostic and surgical procedures requiring general anesthesia, but few information about the anesthesiology management of such patients is available. We enrolled 11 families of patients with Mowat-Wilson syndrome who had undergone surgical or diagnostic procedures requiring general anesthesia, and sent them a retrospective questionnaire including 16 open questions about the procedures. They were further contacted by phone for a semistructured interview. A total of 37 procedures requiring general anesthesia was reported in 11 patients. Only two patients reported anesthesia-related complications during the procedure. No true additional anesthesiarelated risk was present for the patients with MW syndrome, besides difficult intubation, weaning and lower respiratory tract infection. Perception of risk, however, is derived by non-medical observation on the part of the parents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Livia Garavelli
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Obstetric and Pediatric Department, S. Maria Nuova Hospital, Reggio Emilia
| | | | - Uta Emmig
- Department of Anesthesia, S. Biagio Hospital, Domodossola, Italy
| | - Enrico Finale
- Department of Pediatrics, Castelli Hospital, Verbania
| | - Andrea Guala
- Department of Pediatrics, Castelli Hospital, Verbania
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45
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Phenotype and genotype of 87 patients with Mowat-Wilson syndrome and recommendations for care. Genet Med 2018; 20:965-975. [PMID: 29300384 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2017.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a rare intellectual disability/multiple congenital anomalies syndrome caused by heterozygous mutation of the ZEB2 gene. It is generally underestimated because its rarity and phenotypic variability sometimes make it difficult to recognize. Here, we aimed to better delineate the phenotype, natural history, and genotype-phenotype correlations of MWS. METHODS In a collaborative study, we analyzed clinical data for 87 patients with molecularly confirmed diagnosis. We described the prevalence of all clinical aspects, including attainment of neurodevelopmental milestones, and compared the data with the various types of underlying ZEB2 pathogenic variations. RESULTS All anthropometric, somatic, and behavioral features reported here outline a variable but highly consistent phenotype. By presenting the most comprehensive evaluation of MWS to date, we define its clinical evolution occurring with age and derive suggestions for patient management. Furthermore, we observe that its severity correlates with the kind of ZEB2 variation involved, ranging from ZEB2 locus deletions, associated with severe phenotypes, to rare nonmissense intragenic mutations predicted to preserve some ZEB2 protein functionality, accompanying milder clinical presentations. CONCLUSION Knowledge of the phenotypic spectrum of MWS and its correlation with the genotype will improve its detection rate and the prediction of its features, thus improving patient care.
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Shaffer JR, Li J, Lee MK, Roosenboom J, Orlova E, Adhikari K, Gallo C, Poletti G, Schuler-Faccini L, Bortolini MC, Canizales-Quinteros S, Rothhammer F, Bedoya G, González-José R, Pfeffer PE, Wollenschlaeger CA, Hecht JT, Wehby GL, Moreno LM, Ding A, Jin L, Yang Y, Carlson JC, Leslie EJ, Feingold E, Marazita ML, Hinds DA, Cox TC, Wang S, Ruiz-Linares A, Weinberg SM. Multiethnic GWAS Reveals Polygenic Architecture of Earlobe Attachment. Am J Hum Genet 2017; 101:913-924. [PMID: 29198719 PMCID: PMC5812923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic basis of earlobe attachment has been a matter of debate since the early 20th century, such that geneticists argue both for and against polygenic inheritance. Recent genetic studies have identified a few loci associated with the trait, but large-scale analyses are still lacking. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study of lobe attachment in a multiethnic sample of 74,660 individuals from four cohorts (three with the trait scored by an expert rater and one with the trait self-reported). Meta-analysis of the three expert-rater-scored cohorts revealed six associated loci harboring numerous candidate genes, including EDAR, SP5, MRPS22, ADGRG6 (GPR126), KIAA1217, and PAX9. The large self-reported 23andMe cohort recapitulated each of these six loci. Moreover, meta-analysis across all four cohorts revealed a total of 49 significant (p < 5 × 10-8) loci. Annotation and enrichment analyses of these 49 loci showed strong evidence of genes involved in ear development and syndromes with auricular phenotypes. RNA sequencing data from both human fetal ear and mouse second branchial arch tissue confirmed that genes located among associated loci showed evidence of expression. These results provide strong evidence for the polygenic nature of earlobe attachment and offer insights into the biological basis of normal and abnormal ear development.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jinxi Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Myoung Keun Lee
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Jasmien Roosenboom
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Ekaterina Orlova
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Kaustabh Adhikari
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Carla Gallo
- Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, 430 Cercado de Lima, Peru
| | - Giovanni Poletti
- Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, 430 Cercado de Lima, Peru
| | - Lavinia Schuler-Faccini
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Maria-Cátira Bortolini
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Samuel Canizales-Quinteros
- Unidad de Genómica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City 4510, Mexico
| | - Francisco Rothhammer
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Gabriel Bedoya
- Grupo Genética Molecular GENMOL, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050003, Colombia
| | - Rolando González-José
- Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, Centro Científico Tecnológico, Centro Nacional Patagónico, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Puerto Madryn U9120, Argentina
| | - Paige E Pfeffer
- Center for Advanced Dental Education, Orthodontics Program, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | | | - Jacqueline T Hecht
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - George L Wehby
- Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
| | - Lina M Moreno
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Anan Ding
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Li Jin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yajun Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jenna C Carlson
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Leslie
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Eleanor Feingold
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Clinical and Translational Science Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - David A Hinds
- 23andMe Inc., 899 West Evelyn Avenue, Mountain View, CA 94041, USA
| | - Timothy C Cox
- Center for Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Craniofacial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Sijia Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Andrés Ruiz-Linares
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Laboratory of Biocultural Anthropology, Law, Ethics, and Health, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Etablissement Français du Sang, UMR 7268, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille 13284, France
| | - Seth M Weinberg
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Anthropology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
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47
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Zollino M, Lattante S, Orteschi D, Frangella S, Doronzio PN, Contaldo I, Mercuri E, Marangi G. Syndromic Craniosynostosis Can Define New Candidate Genes for Suture Development or Result from the Non-specifc Effects of Pleiotropic Genes: Rasopathies and Chromatinopathies as Examples. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:587. [PMID: 29093661 PMCID: PMC5651252 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Craniosynostosis is a heterogeneous condition caused by the premature fusion of cranial sutures, occurring mostly as an isolated anomaly. Pathogenesis of non-syndromic forms of craniosynostosis is largely unknown. In about 15–30% of cases craniosynostosis occurs in association with other physical anomalies and it is referred to as syndromic craniosynostosis. Syndromic forms of craniosynostosis arise from mutations in genes belonging to the Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR) family and the interconnected molecular pathways in most cases. However it can occur in association with other gene variants and with a variety of chromosome abnormalities as well, usually in association with intellectual disability (ID) and additional physical anomalies. Evaluating the molecular properties of the genes undergoing intragenic mutations or copy number variations (CNVs) along with prevalence of craniosynostosis in different conditions and animal models if available, we made an attempt to define two distinct groups of unusual syndromic craniosynostosis, which can reflect direct effects of emerging new candidate genes with roles in suture homeostasis or a non-specific phenotypic manifestation of pleiotropic genes, respectively. RASopathies and 9p23p22.3 deletions are reviewed as examples of conditions in the first group. In particular, we found that craniosynostosis is a relatively common component manifestation of cardio-facio-cutaneous (CFC) syndrome. Chromatinopathies and neurocristopathies are presented as examples of conditions in the second group. We observed that craniosynostosis is uncommon on average in these conditions. It was randomly associated with Kabuki, Koolen-de Vries/KANSL1 haploinsufficiency and Mowat–Wilson syndromes and in KAT6B-related disorders. As an exception, trigonocephaly in Bohring-Opitz syndrome reflects specific molecular properties of the chromatin modifier ASXL1 gene. Surveillance for craniosynostosis in syndromic forms of intellectual disability, as well as ascertainment of genomic CNVs by array-CGH in apparently non-syndromic craniosynostosis is recommended, to allow for improvement of both the clinical outcome of patients and the accurate individual diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Zollino
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Lattante
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Orteschi
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Frangella
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo N Doronzio
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Contaldo
- Institute of Pediatric Neurology, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Mercuri
- Institute of Pediatric Neurology, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marangi
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
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48
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Garavelli L, Ivanovski I, Caraffi SG, Santodirocco D, Pollazzon M, Cordelli DM, Abdalla E, Accorsi P, Adam MP, Baldo C, Bayat A, Belligni E, Bonvicini F, Breckpot J, Callewaert B, Cocchi G, Cuturilo G, Devriendt K, Dinulos MB, Djuric O, Epifanio R, Faravelli F, Formisano D, Giordano L, Grasso M, Grønborg S, Iodice A, Iughetti L, Lacombe D, Maggi M, Malbora B, Mammi I, Moutton S, Møller R, Muschke P, Napoli M, Pantaleoni C, Pascarella R, Pellicciari A, Poch-Olive ML, Raviglione F, Rivieri F, Russo C, Savasta S, Scarano G, Selicorni A, Silengo M, Sorge G, Tarani L, Tone LG, Toutain A, Trimouille A, Valera ET, Vergano SS, Zanotta N, Zollino M, Dobyns WB, Paciorkowski AR. Neuroimaging findings in Mowat-Wilson syndrome: a study of 54 patients. Genet Med 2017; 19:691-700. [PMID: 27831545 PMCID: PMC5438871 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2016.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a genetic disease characterized by distinctive facial features, moderate to severe intellectual disability, and congenital malformations, including Hirschsprung disease, genital and eye anomalies, and congenital heart defects, caused by haploinsufficiency of the ZEB2 gene. To date, no characteristic pattern of brain dysmorphology in MWS has been defined. METHODS Through brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis, we delineated a neuroimaging phenotype in 54 MWS patients with a proven ZEB2 defect, compared it with the features identified in a thorough review of published cases, and evaluated genotype-phenotype correlations. RESULTS Ninety-six percent of patients had abnormal MRI results. The most common features were anomalies of corpus callosum (79.6% of cases), hippocampal abnormalities (77.8%), enlargement of cerebral ventricles (68.5%), and white matter abnormalities (reduction of thickness 40.7%, localized signal alterations 22.2%). Other consistent findings were large basal ganglia, cortical, and cerebellar malformations. Most features were underrepresented in the literature. We also found ZEB2 variations leading to synthesis of a defective protein to be favorable for psychomotor development and some epilepsy features but also associated with corpus callosum agenesis. CONCLUSION This study delineated the spectrum of brain anomalies in MWS and provided new insights into the role of ZEB2 in neurodevelopment.Genet Med advance online publication 10 November 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Garavelli
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova–IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Ivan Ivanovski
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova–IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental, and Morphological Sciences with interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Santodirocco
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova–IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Marzia Pollazzon
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova–IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Duccio Maria Cordelli
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, S Orsola Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ebtesam Abdalla
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Research Institute, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Margaret P. Adam
- Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Chiara Baldo
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Galliera Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Allan Bayat
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Copenhagen/Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elga Belligni
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Federico Bonvicini
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova–IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mothers, Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Jeroen Breckpot
- Center for Human Genetics, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bert Callewaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guido Cocchi
- Neonatology Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Goran Cuturilo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Koenraad Devriendt
- Center for Human Genetics, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mary Beth Dinulos
- Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Olivera Djuric
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova–IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Roberta Epifanio
- Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, IRCCS, E Medea Scientific Institute, Lecco, Italy
| | - Francesca Faravelli
- Clinical Genetics, NE Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Debora Formisano
- Scientific Directorate, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova–IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Lucio Giordano
- Neurophychiatric Department, Spedali Civili Brescia, Italy
| | - Marina Grasso
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Galliera Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sabine Grønborg
- Center for Rare Diseases, Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alessandro Iodice
- Neuropsychiatric Department, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova–IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Iughetti
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mothers, Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Didier Lacombe
- Génétique Médicale, CHU, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1211, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Massimo Maggi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova–IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Baris Malbora
- Department of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Sebastien Moutton
- Génétique Médicale, CHU, Bordeaux, France
- CHU Bordeaux, Centre de Référence des Anomalies du Développement Embryonnaire, Service de Génétique Médicale, Bordeaux, France
| | - Rikke Møller
- Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark
- Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Petra Muschke
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Manuela Napoli
- Neuroradiology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova–IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Chiara Pantaleoni
- Developmental Neurology Department, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico “C. Besta,” Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Pascarella
- Neuroradiology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova–IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pellicciari
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, S Orsola Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Federico Raviglione
- Clinical Neurophysiology and Epilepsy Center, Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Carmela Russo
- Neuroradiology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova–IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | | | - Angelo Selicorni
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital S. Gerardo, University of Milano–Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, ASST Lariana, Como, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Sorge
- Department of Pediatrics and Medical sciences, ‘‘Vittorio Emanuele” Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luigi Tarani
- Department of Pediatrics, University ‘‘La Sapienza,'' Rome, Italy
| | - Luis Gonzaga Tone
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Annick Toutain
- Department of Genetics, Tours University Hospital, Tours, France
| | | | - Elvis Terci Valera
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samantha Schrier Vergano
- Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Nicoletta Zanotta
- Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, IRCCS, E Medea Scientific Institute, Lecco, Italy
| | - Marcella Zollino
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Catholic University, Gemelli Hospital Foundation, Roma, Italy
| | - William B Dobyns
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Alex R Paciorkowski
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
- Center for Neural Development and Disease, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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49
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Baxter AL, Vivian JL, Hagelstrom RT, Hossain W, Golden WL, Wassman ER, Vanzo RJ, Butler MG. A Novel Partial Duplication of ZEB2 and Review of ZEB2 Involvement in Mowat-Wilson Syndrome. Mol Syndromol 2017; 8:211-218. [PMID: 28690488 DOI: 10.1159/000473693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mowat-Wilson syndrome is a rare genetic condition characterized by intellectual disability, structural anomalies, and dysmorphic features. It is caused by haploinsufficiency of the ZEB2 gene in chromosome 2q22.3. Over 180 distinct mutations in ZEB2 have been reported, including nonsense and missense point mutations, deletions, and large chromosomal rearrangements. We report on a 14-year-old female with a clinical diagnosis of Mowat-Wilson syndrome. Chromosomal microarray identified a novel de novo 69-kb duplication containing exons 1 and 2 of the ZEB2 gene. Sequence analysis identified no other variants in this gene. This is the first report of a partial duplication of the ZEB2 gene resulting in Mowat-Wilson syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - R Tanner Hagelstrom
- Department of Human Genetics Laboratory, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Waheeda Hossain
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | | | | | | | - Merlin G Butler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
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50
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Turovskaya MV, Babaev AA, Zinchenko VP, Epifanova EA, Borisova EV, Tarabykin VS, Turovsky EA. Sip-1 mutations cause disturbances in the activity of NMDA- and AMPA-, but not kainate receptors of neurons in the cerebral cortex. Neurosci Lett 2017; 650:180-186. [PMID: 28455101 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Smad-interacting protein-1 (Sip1) [Zinc finger homeobox (Zfhx1b), Zeb2] is a transcription factor implicated in the genesis of Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) in humans. MWS is a rare genetic autosomal dominant disease caused by a mutation in the Sip1 gene (aka Zeb2 or Zfhx1b) mapped to 2q22.3 locus. MWS affects 1 in every 50-100 newborns worldwide. It is characterized by mental retardation, small stature, typical facial abnormalities as well as disturbances in the development of the cardio-vascular and renal systems as well as some other organs. Sip1 mutations cause abnormal neurogenesis in the brain during development as well as susceptibility to epileptic seizures. In the current study we investigated the role of the Sip1 gene in the activity of NMDA-, AMPA- and KA- receptors. We showed that a particular Sip1 mutation in the mouse causes changes in the activity of both NMDA- and AMPA- receptors in the neocortical neurons in vitro. We demonstrate that neocortical neurons that have only one copy of Sip1 (heterozygous, Sip1fI/wt), are more sensitive to both NMDA- and AMPA- receptors agonists as compared to wild type neurons (Sip1wt/wt). This is reflected in higher amplitudes of agonist induced Ca2+ signals as well as a lower half maximal effective concentration (ЕC50). In contrast, neurons from homozygous Sip1 mice (Sip1fI/fI), demonstrate higher resistance to these respective receptor agonists. This is reflected in lower amplitudes of Ca2+-responses and so a higher concentration of receptor activators is required for activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Turovskaya
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia; Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
| | - Alexei A Babaev
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia
| | | | - Ekaterina A Epifanova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Borisova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia
| | - Victor S Tarabykin
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia
| | - Egor A Turovsky
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia; Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia.
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