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Suñé-Pou M, Limeres MJ, Moreno-Castro C, Hernández-Munain C, Suñé-Negre JM, Cuestas ML, Suñé C. Innovative Therapeutic and Delivery Approaches Using Nanotechnology to Correct Splicing Defects Underlying Disease. Front Genet 2020; 11:731. [PMID: 32760425 PMCID: PMC7373156 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing of pre-mRNA contributes strongly to the diversity of cell- and tissue-specific protein expression patterns. Global transcriptome analyses have suggested that >90% of human multiexon genes are alternatively spliced. Alterations in the splicing process cause missplicing events that lead to genetic diseases and pathologies, including various neurological disorders, cancers, and muscular dystrophies. In recent decades, research has helped to elucidate the mechanisms regulating alternative splicing and, in some cases, to reveal how dysregulation of these mechanisms leads to disease. The resulting knowledge has enabled the design of novel therapeutic strategies for correction of splicing-derived pathologies. In this review, we focus primarily on therapeutic approaches targeting splicing, and we highlight nanotechnology-based gene delivery applications that address the challenges and barriers facing nucleic acid-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Suñé-Pou
- Drug Development Service (SDM), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María J Limeres
- Institute of Research in Microbiology and Medical Parasitology (IMPaM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cristina Moreno-Castro
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine "López-Neyra" (IPBLN-CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Hernández-Munain
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine "López-Neyra" (IPBLN-CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Josep M Suñé-Negre
- Drug Development Service (SDM), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María L Cuestas
- Institute of Research in Microbiology and Medical Parasitology (IMPaM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Suñé
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine "López-Neyra" (IPBLN-CSIC), Granada, Spain
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Serna N, Álamo P, Ramesh P, Vinokurova D, Sánchez-García L, Unzueta U, Gallardo A, Céspedes MV, Vázquez E, Villaverde A, Mangues R, Medema JP. Nanostructured toxins for the selective destruction of drug-resistant human CXCR4 + colorectal cancer stem cells. J Control Release 2020; 320:96-104. [PMID: 31931052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Current therapies fail to eradicate colorectal Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs). One of the proposed reasons for this failure is the selection, by chemotherapy exposure, of resistant cells responsible for tumor recurrence. In this regard, CXCR4 overexpression in tumor associates with resistance and poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. In this study, the effectiveness of engineered CXCR4-targeted self-assembling toxin nanoparticles has been explored in the selective killing of CXCR4+ human colon-CSCs compared to 5-Fluorouracil and Oxaliplatin, both classical CRC chemotherapeutic agents. To assess this, 3D spheroid colon-CSCs cultures directly derived from CRC patients and CRC-CSC spheroid-derived tumor mouse models were developed. In these animal models, nanostructured toxins show highly selective induction of pyroptosis in the absence of apoptosis, thus having a great potential to overcome tumor resistance, since the same tumor models show resistance to chemotherapeutics. Results set the basis for further development of more efficient therapies focused on selective CXCR4+ CSCs elimination activating non-apoptotic mechanisms and represent a pre-clinical proof of concept for the use of CSCs-targeted nanostructured toxins as protein drugs for CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naroa Serna
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Patricia Álamo
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Prashanthi Ramesh
- Amsterdam UMC, Univ of Amsterdam, LEXOR, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands; Oncode Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Daria Vinokurova
- Amsterdam UMC, Univ of Amsterdam, LEXOR, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands; Oncode Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Laura Sánchez-García
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ugutz Unzueta
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau) and Josep Carreras Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Gallardo
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau) and Josep Carreras Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Virtudes Céspedes
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau) and Josep Carreras Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Vázquez
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Villaverde
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Mangues
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau) and Josep Carreras Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jan Paul Medema
- Amsterdam UMC, Univ of Amsterdam, LEXOR, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands; Oncode Institute, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Janeiro P, Jotta R, Ramos R, Florindo C, Ventura FV, Vilarinho L, Tavares de Almeida I, Gaspar A. Follow-up of fatty acid β-oxidation disorders in expanded newborn screening era. Eur J Pediatr 2019; 178:387-394. [PMID: 30617651 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-018-03315-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) disorders have a wide variety of symptoms, not usually evident between episodes of acute decompensations. Cardiac involvement is frequent, and severe ventricular arrhythmias are suspected of causing sudden death. Expanded newborn screening (ENS) for these disorders, hopefully, contribute to prevent potentially acute life-threatening events. In order to characterize acute decompensations observed in FAO-deficient cases identified by ENS, a retrospective analysis was performed, covering a period of 9 years. Demographic data, number/type of acute decompensations, treatment, and follow-up were considered. Eighty-three clinical charts, including 66 medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD), 5 carnitine-uptake deficiency (CUD), 3 carnitine palmitoyltransferase I and II (CPT I/II) deficiency, 5 very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (VLCADD), and 4 multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) cases were reviewed. Nineteen patients had acute decompensations (1 CPT I, 1 CPT II, 3 MADD, 14 MCADD). Six patients developed symptoms previously to ENS diagnosis. Severe clinical manifestations included multiple organ failure, liver failure, heart failure, and sudden death. Long-chain FAO disorders had the highest number of decompensations per patient.Conclusion: Despite earlier diagnosis by ENS, sudden deaths were not avoided and acute decompensations with severe clinical manifestations still occur as well. What is Known: • Severe ventricular arrhythmias are suspected to cause unexpected death in FAO disorders. • Neonatal screening intends to reduce the incidence of severe metabolic crisis and death. What is New: • Acute severe decompensations occurred in FAO disorders diagnosed through neonatal screening. • Sudden deaths were not avoided by starting treatment precociously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Janeiro
- Centro de Referência de Doenças Hereditárias do Metabolismo, Departamento de Pediatria Médica, Hospital de Santa Maria - CHULN, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-035, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Rita Jotta
- Serviço de Pediatria Médica, Departamento de Pediatria, Hospital de Santa Maria - CHULN, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-035, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ruben Ramos
- Laboratório de Metabolismos e Genética, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto Edificio F, 1649-099, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cristina Florindo
- Laboratório de Metabolismos e Genética, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto Edificio F, 1649-099, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fátima V Ventura
- Laboratório de Metabolismos e Genética, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto Edificio F, 1649-099, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Laura Vilarinho
- Unidade de Rastreio Neonatal Metabolismo e Genética, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Rua Alexandre Herculano 321, 4000-055, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Tavares de Almeida
- Laboratório de Metabolismos e Genética, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto Edificio F, 1649-099, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Gaspar
- Centro de Referência de Doenças Hereditárias do Metabolismo, Departamento de Pediatria Médica, Hospital de Santa Maria - CHULN, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-035, Lisbon, Portugal
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ETF-QO Mutants Uncoupled Fatty Acid β-Oxidation and Mitochondrial Bioenergetics Leading to Lipid Pathology. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020106. [PMID: 30709034 PMCID: PMC6406559 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The electron-transfer flavoprotein dehydrogenase gene (ETFDH) that encodes the ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF-QO) has been reported to be the major cause of multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD). ETF-QO is an electron carrier that mainly functions in mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation and the delivery of electrons to the ubiquinone pool in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. A high frequency of c.250G>A has been found in Taiwanese patients with late-onset MADD. We postulated that the ETFDH c.250G>A mutation may concomitantly impair fatty acid β-oxidation and mitochondrial function. Using MADD patient-derived lymphoblastoid cells and specifically overexpressed ETFDH c.92C>T, c.250G>A, or coexisted c.92C>T and c.250G>A (c.92C>T + c.250G>A) mutated lymphoblastoid cells, we addressed the genotype-phenotype relationship of ETFDH variation in the pathogenesis of MADD. The decreased adenosine triphosphate synthesis, dissipated mitochondrial membrane potentials, reduced mitochondrial bioenergetics, and increased neutral lipid droplets and lipid peroxides were found in the MADD patient-derived lymphoblastoid cells. Riboflavin and/or coenzyme Q10 supplementation rescued cells from lipid droplet accumulation. All three mutant types, c.92C>T, c.250G>A, or c.92C>T + c.250G>A, had increased lipid droplet accumulation after treatment with palmitic acid. These results help to clarify the molecular pathogenesis of MADD as a result of the high frequency of the ETFDH c.250G>A and c.92C>T mutations.
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Tong F, Jiang PP, Yang RL, Huang XL, Zhou XL, Hong F, Qian GL, Zhao ZY, Shu Q. [Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency: neonatal screening and follow-uP]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2019; 21:52-57. [PMID: 30675864 PMCID: PMC7390178 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the epidemiological characteristics, phenotype, genotype, and prognosis of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD) in the Chinese population. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of the neonates who underwent screening with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry from January 2009 to June 2018 and were diagnosed with MCADD by gene detection. RESULTS A total of 2 674 835 neonates underwent neonatal screening, among whom 12 were diagnosed with MCADD. Gene detection was performed for 10 neonates with MCADD and found 13 mutation types at 16 mutation sites of the ACADM gene, among which there were 7 reported mutations (p.T150Rfs*4, p.M1V, p.R206C, p.R294T, p.G310R, p.M328V, and p.G362E), 5 novel mutations (p.N194D, p.A324P, p.N366S, c.118+3A>G, and c.387+1del G), and 1 exon 11 deletion; p.T150Rfs*4 was the most common mutation (4/16). The detection rate of mutation sites in the ACADM gene was 80%. No phenotype-genotype correlation was observed. Dietary guidance and symptomatic treatment were given after confirmed diagnosis. No acute metabolic imbalance was observed within 4-82 months of follow-up. All neonates had good prognosis except one who had brain dysplasia. CONCLUSIONS MCADD is relatively rare in southern China, and p.T150Rfs*4 is a common mutation in the Chinese population. Cases with positive screening results should be evaluated by octanoylcarnitine C8 value and gene detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Tong
- Department of Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China.
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Fontaine M, Kim I, Dessein AF, Mention-Mulliez K, Dobbelaere D, Douillard C, Sole G, Schiff M, Jaussaud R, Espil-Taris C, Boutron A, Wuyts W, Acquaviva C, Vianey-Saban C, Roland D, Joncquel-Chevalier Curt M, Vamecq J. Fluxomic assay-assisted diagnosis orientation in a cohort of 11 patients with myopathic form of CPT2 deficiency. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 123:441-448. [PMID: 29478820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase type 2 (CPT2) deficiency, a mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorder (MFAOD), is a cause of myopathy in its late clinical presentation. As for other MFAODs, its diagnosis may be evocated when blood acylcarnitine profile is abnormal. However, a lack of abnormalities or specificity in this profile is not exclusive of CPT2 deficiency. Our retrospective study reports clinical and biological data in a cohort of 11 patients with circulating acylcarnitine profile unconclusive enough for a specific diagnosis orientation. In these patients, CPT2 gene studies was prompted by prior fluxomic explorations of mitochondrial β-oxidation on intact whole blood cells incubated with pentadeuterated ([16-2H3, 15-2H2])-palmitate. Clinical indication for fluxomic explorations was at least one acute rhabdomyolysis episode complicated, in 5 of 11 patients, by acute renal failure. Major trigger of rhabdomyolysis was febrile infection. In all patients, fluxomic data indicated deficient CPT2 function showing normal deuterated palmitoylcarnitine (C16-Cn) formation rates associated with increased ratios between generated C16-Cn and downstream deuterated metabolites (Σ deuterated C2-Cn to C14-Cn). Subsequent gene studies showed in all patients pathogenic gene variants in either homozygous or compound heterozygous forms. Consistent with literature data, allelic frequency of the c.338C > T[p.Ser113Leu] mutation amounted to 68.2% in our cohort. Other missense mutations included c.149C > A[p.Pro50His] (9%), c.200C > G[p.Ala200Gly] (4.5%) and previously unreported c.1171A > G[p.ser391Gly] (4.5%) and c.1420G > C[p.Ala474Pro] (4.5%) mutations. Frameshift c.1666-1667delTT[p.Leu556val*16] mutation (9%) was observed in two patients unknown to be related.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Fontaine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Metabolism-Nutrition, Oncology, Biology Pathology Center, CHRU Lille, 59037 Lille, France; Univ. Lille, RADEME - Maladies RAres du Développement et du Métabolisme: du phénotype au génotype et à la Fonction, Lille, EA 7364, France
| | - Isabelle Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Metabolism-Nutrition, Oncology, Biology Pathology Center, CHRU Lille, 59037 Lille, France
| | - Anne-Frédérique Dessein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Metabolism-Nutrition, Oncology, Biology Pathology Center, CHRU Lille, 59037 Lille, France
| | - Karine Mention-Mulliez
- Univ. Lille, RADEME - Maladies RAres du Développement et du Métabolisme: du phénotype au génotype et à la Fonction, Lille, EA 7364, France; Medical Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, CHRU, Lille, France
| | - Dries Dobbelaere
- Univ. Lille, RADEME - Maladies RAres du Développement et du Métabolisme: du phénotype au génotype et à la Fonction, Lille, EA 7364, France; Medical Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, CHRU, Lille, France
| | - Claire Douillard
- Medical Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, CHRU, Lille, France
| | - Guilhem Sole
- Centre de référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires AOC, Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Pellegrin CHU de Bordeaux, place Amélie Raba-Léon, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Manuel Schiff
- Neurologie pédiatrique et maladies métaboliques, (C. Farnoux) - Pôle de pédiatrie médicale CHU, Hôpital Robert Debré, 48 boulevard Sérurier, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Roland Jaussaud
- Département de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique Bâtiment Philippe Canton. Hôpitaux de Brabois Rue du Morvan, 54511 Vandoeuvre les Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Caroline Espil-Taris
- Neuropédiatrie Hôpital des enfants, Hôpital Pellegrin, Centre de référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires AOC, CHU de Bordeaux Place Amélie Raba-Léon, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Audrey Boutron
- Biochemistry Department, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Hôpitaux universitaires Paris-Sud, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Wim Wuyts
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Belgium
| | - Cécile Acquaviva
- Department of Inborn Errors of Metabolism and Neonatal Screening, Center of Biology and Pathology, CHU Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Christine Vianey-Saban
- Department of Inborn Errors of Metabolism and Neonatal Screening, Center of Biology and Pathology, CHU Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Dominique Roland
- Centre Agréé des Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, 25, Avenue Georges Lemaître, 6041 Charleroi, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Marie Joncquel-Chevalier Curt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Metabolism-Nutrition, Oncology, Biology Pathology Center, CHRU Lille, 59037 Lille, France; Univ. Lille, RADEME - Maladies RAres du Développement et du Métabolisme: du phénotype au génotype et à la Fonction, Lille, EA 7364, France
| | - Joseph Vamecq
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Metabolism-Nutrition, Oncology, Biology Pathology Center, CHRU Lille, 59037 Lille, France; Univ. Lille, RADEME - Maladies RAres du Développement et du Métabolisme: du phénotype au génotype et à la Fonction, Lille, EA 7364, France; Inserm, Lille, France.
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Fluxomic evidence for impaired contribution of short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase to mitochondrial palmitate β-oxidation in symptomatic patients with ACADS gene susceptibility variants. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 471:101-106. [PMID: 28532786 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite ACADS (acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, short-chain) gene susceptibility variants (c.511C>T and c.625G>A) are considered to be non-pathogenic, encoded proteins are known to exhibit altered kinetics. Whether or not, they might affect overall fatty acid β-oxidation still remains, however, unclear. METHODS De novo biosynthesis of acylcarnitines by whole blood samples incubated with deuterated palmitate (16-2H3,15-2H2-palmitate) is suitable as a fluxomic exploration to distinguish between normal and disrupted β-oxidation, abnormal profiles and ratios of acylcarnitines with different chain-lengths being indicative of the site for enzymatic blockade. Determinations in 301 control subjects of ratios between deuterated butyrylcarnitine and sum of deuterated C2 to C14 acylcarnitines served here as reference values to state specifically functional SCAD impairment in patients addressed for clinical and/or biological suspicion of a β-oxidation disorder. RESULTS Functional SCAD impairment was found in 39 patients. The 27 patients accepting subsequent gene studies were all positive for ACADS mutations. Twenty-six of 27 patients were positive for c.625G>A variant. Twenty-three of 27 patients harbored susceptibility variants as sole ACADS alterations (18 homozygous and 3 heterozygous for c.625G>A, 2 compound heterozygous for c.625G>A/c.511C>T). CONCLUSION Our present fluxomic assessment of SCAD suggests a link between ACADS susceptibility variants and abnormal β-oxidation consistent with known altered kinetics of these variants.
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Bonito CA, Leandro P, Ventura FV, Guedes RC. Insights into Medium-chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Structure by Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 88:281-92. [PMID: 26992026 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the first step of mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (mFAO) pathway. Its deficiency is the most common genetic disorder of mFAO. Many of the MCAD disease-causing variants, including the most common p.K304E variant, show loss of function due to protein misfolding. Herein, we used molecular dynamics simulations to provide insights into the structural stability and dynamic behavior of MCAD wild-type (MCADwt) and validate a structure that would allow reliable new studies on its variants. Our results revealed that in both proteins the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) has an important structural role on the tetramer stability and also in maintaining the volume of the enzyme catalytic pockets. We confirmed that the presence of substrate changes the dynamics of the catalytic pockets and increases FAD affinity. A comparison between the porcine MCADwt (pMCADwt) and human MCADwt (hMCADwt) structures revealed that both proteins are essentially similar and that the reversion of the double mutant E376G/T255E of hMCAD enzyme does not affect the structure of the protein neither its behavior in simulation. Our validated hMCADwt structure is crucial for complementing and accelerating the experimental studies aiming for the discovery and development of potential stabilizers of MCAD variants as candidates for the treatment of MCAD deficiency (MCADD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia A Bonito
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1649-003, Portugal.,Metabolism and Genetics Group, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal.,Medicinal Chemistry, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1649-003, Portugal
| | - Paula Leandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1649-003, Portugal.,Metabolism and Genetics Group, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fátima V Ventura
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1649-003, Portugal.,Metabolism and Genetics Group, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rita C Guedes
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1649-003, Portugal
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Vishwanath VA. Fatty Acid Beta-Oxidation Disorders: A Brief Review. Ann Neurosci 2016; 23:51-5. [PMID: 27536022 PMCID: PMC4934411 DOI: 10.1159/000443556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation disorders (FAODs) are a heterogeneous group of defects in fatty acid transport and mitochondrial β-oxidation. They are inherited as autosomal recessive disorders and have a wide range of clinical presentations. SUMMARY The background information and case report provide important insight into mitochondrial FAODs. The article provides a wealth of information describing the scope of these disorders. KEY MESSAGES This article presents a typical case of medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency and summarizes the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of mitochondrial FAODs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay A Vishwanath
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, N.Y., USA
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10
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Grünert SC, Wehrle A, Villavicencio-Lorini P, Lausch E, Vetter B, Schwab KO, Tucci S, Spiekerkoetter U. Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency associated with a novel splice mutation in the ACADM gene missed by newborn screening. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2015. [PMID: 26223887 PMCID: PMC4557819 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-015-0199-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency is the most common disorder of mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation and a target disease of newborn screening in many countries. Case presentation We report on two siblings with mild MCAD deficiency associated with a novel splice site mutation in the ACADM gene. The younger sibling was detected by newborn screening, while the older sister was missed, but diagnosed later on by genetic family testing. Both children were found to be compound heterozygous for the common c.985A > G (p.K329E) mutation and a novel splice site mutation, c.600-18G > A, in the ACADM gene. To determine the biological consequence of the c.600-18G > A mutation putative missplicing was investigated at RNA level in granulocytes and monocytes of one of the patients. The splice site mutation was shown to lead to partial missplicing of the ACADM pre-mRNA. Of three detected transcripts two result in truncated, non-functional MCAD proteins as reflected by the reduced octanoyl-CoA oxidation rate in both patients. In one patient a decrease of the octanoyl-CoA oxidation rate was found during a febrile infection indicating that missplicing may be temperature-sensitive. Conclusions Our data indicate that the c.600-18G > A variant activates a cryptic splice site, which competes with the natural splice site. Due to only partial missplicing sufficient functional MCAD protein remains to result in mild MCADD that may be missed by newborn screening. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12881-015-0199-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C Grünert
- Center of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Mathildenstraße 1, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - A Wehrle
- Center of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Mathildenstraße 1, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - P Villavicencio-Lorini
- Center of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Mathildenstraße 1, 79106, Freiburg, Germany. .,Present address: Department of Human Genetics, Halle University Hospital, Ernst-Grube-Str. 30, 06097, Halle, Germany.
| | - E Lausch
- Center of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Mathildenstraße 1, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - B Vetter
- , Römerstrasse 38, 79423, Heitersheim, Germany.
| | - K O Schwab
- Center of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Mathildenstraße 1, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - S Tucci
- Center of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Mathildenstraße 1, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - U Spiekerkoetter
- Center of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Mathildenstraße 1, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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11
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Koster KL, Sturm M, Herebian D, Smits SHJ, Spiekerkoetter U. Functional studies of 18 heterologously expressed medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) variants. J Inherit Metab Dis 2014; 37:917-28. [PMID: 24966162 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-014-9732-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Medium-chain acyl-coenzyme-A dehydrogenase (MCAD) catalyzes the first step of mitochondrial beta-oxidation for medium-chain acyl-CoAs. Mutations in the ACADM gene cause MCAD deficiency presenting with life-threatening symptoms during catabolism. Since fatty-acid-oxidation disorders are part of newborn screening (NBS), many novel mutations with unknown clinical relevance have been identified in asymptomatic newborns. Eighteen of these mutations were separately cloned into the human ACADM gene, heterologously overexpressed in Escherichia coli and functionally characterized by using different substrates, molecular chaperones, and measured at different temperatures. In addition, they were mapped to the three-dimensional MCAD structure, and cross-link experiments were performed. This study identified variants that only moderately affect the MCAD protein in vitro, such as Y42H, E18K, and R6H, in contrast to the remaining 15 mutants. These three mutants display residual octanoyl-CoA oxidation activities in the range of 22 % to 47 %, are as temperature sensitive as the wild type, and reach 100 % activity with molecular chaperone co-overexpression. Projection into the three-dimensional protein structure gave some indication as to possible reasons for decreased enzyme activities. Additionally, six of the eight novel mutations, functionally characterized for the first time, showed severely reduced residual activities < 5 % despite high expression levels. These studies are of relevance because they classify novel mutants in vitro on the basis of their corresponding functional effects. This basic knowledge should be taken into consideration for individual management after NBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira-Lee Koster
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Moorenstr.5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
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12
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Jank JM, Maier EM, Reiß DD, Haslbeck M, Kemter KF, Truger MS, Sommerhoff CP, Ferdinandusse S, Wanders RJ, Gersting SW, Muntau AC. The domain-specific and temperature-dependent protein misfolding phenotype of variant medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93852. [PMID: 24718418 PMCID: PMC3981736 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The implementation of expanded newborn screening programs reduced mortality and morbidity in medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD) caused by mutations in the ACADM gene. However, the disease is still potentially fatal. Missense induced MCADD is a protein misfolding disease with a molecular loss-of-function phenotype. Here we established a comprehensive experimental setup to analyze the structural consequences of eight ACADM missense mutations (p.Ala52Val, p.Tyr67His, p.Tyr158His, p.Arg206Cys, p.Asp266Gly, p.Lys329Glu, p.Arg334Lys, p.Arg413Ser) identified after newborn screening and linked the corresponding protein misfolding phenotype to the site of side-chain replacement with respect to the domain. With fever being the crucial risk factor for metabolic decompensation of patients with MCADD, special emphasis was put on the analysis of structural and functional derangements related to thermal stress. Based on protein conformation, thermal stability and kinetic stability, the molecular phenotype in MCADD depends on the structural region that is affected by missense-induced conformational changes with the central β-domain being particularly prone to structural derangement and destabilization. Since systematic classification of conformational derangements induced by ACADM mutations may be a helpful tool in assessing the clinical risk of patients, we scored the misfolding phenotype of the variants in comparison to p.Lys329Glu (K304E), the classical severe mutation, and p.Tyr67His (Y42H), discussed to be mild. Experiments assessing the impact of thermal stress revealed that mutations in the ACADM gene lower the temperature threshold at which MCAD loss-of-function occurs. Consequently, increased temperature as it occurs during intercurrent infections, significantly increases the risk of further conformational derangement and loss of function of the MCAD enzyme explaining the life-threatening clinical courses observed during fever episodes. Early and aggressive antipyretic treatment thus may be life-saving in patients suffering from MCADD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M. Jank
- Department of Molecular Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Esther M. Maier
- Department of Molecular Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Dunja D. Reiß
- Department of Molecular Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Haslbeck
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Kristina F. Kemter
- Department of Molecular Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Marietta S. Truger
- Department of Molecular Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Sacha Ferdinandusse
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald J. Wanders
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Søren W. Gersting
- Department of Molecular Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Ania C. Muntau
- Department of Molecular Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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