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Attra J, Hsieh LE, Luo L, Mo JQ, Brigger M, Liu YT, Pransky S. Development of Human-Derived Cell Culture Lines for Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018; 159:638-642. [PMID: 29759030 DOI: 10.1177/0194599818774754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is mainly caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) 6 and 11. While various adjuvant therapies have been reported, no effective therapy has been documented to universally "cure" this disease. In the era of precision medicine, it would be valuable to identify effective intervention based on drug sensitivity testing and/or molecular analysis. It is essential to be able to successfully carry out in vitro culture and expand tumor cells directly from patients to accomplish this goal. Here we report the result of successful culture of HPV-infected cell lines (success rate 70%, 9/13) that express the E6/E7 RNA transcript, using pathologic tissue biopsies from patients treated at our institution. The availability of such a system would enable ex vivo therapeutic testing and disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Attra
- 1 Pediatric Otolaryngology, Rady Children's Specialist Medical Foundation, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Li-En Hsieh
- 2 Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Linda Luo
- 3 UCSD-RCHSD Biorepository, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jun Qin Mo
- 6 Pathology, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA.,7 Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Matthew Brigger
- 1 Pediatric Otolaryngology, Rady Children's Specialist Medical Foundation, San Diego, California, USA.,4 Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Yu-Tsueng Liu
- 2 Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.,5 Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Seth Pransky
- 1 Pediatric Otolaryngology, Rady Children's Specialist Medical Foundation, San Diego, California, USA.,4 Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
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2
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Lucas-Roxburgh R, Benschop J, Lockett B, van den Heever U, Williams R, Howe L. The prevalence of human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal cancer in a New Zealand population. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186424. [PMID: 29049330 PMCID: PMC5648183 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) in New Zealand (NZ) has more than doubled over the last 14 years with 126 cases in 2010. Overseas studies have shown that human papillomavirus (HPV) plays a significant role in the development of these cancers. However, the role of HPV in OPC and the burden on the NZ health system is unclear. AIM The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and the genotypes of HPV associated with OPC in New Zealand. METHODS In this study, 621 OPC were identified from cancer registry data from 1996-98, 2003-05, and 2010-12. Biopsies of 267 cases were then retrieved from laboratories throughout New Zealand. p16 immunohistochemistry and a human beta globin PCR were performed on all specimens. HPV genotyping was performed on all beta globin positive specimens using real-time PCR with melt analysis. RESULTS Using a p16/PCR algorithm, 77.9% (95% CI: 71.1-83.5%) of cases were attributable to HPV. Of these, 98.5% were HPV 16 positive. There was also one case each of HPV 33 and 35. The percentage of HPV positive cases increased from 61.9% (95% CI: 40.9%- 79.2%) in 1996-98 to 87.5% (95% CI: 79.8%- 92.5%) in 2010-12. Results from the multivariable model, adjusted for sex and ethnicity found statistically significant associations between HPV positivity and timeframe (OR: 5.65, 95% CI: 2.60-12.30, 2010-12 vs 1996-98), and between HPV positivity and patient age (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.33-0.99, ≥61 years vs ≤60 years). CONCLUSIONS This data is consistent with data from other developed countries showing an increase in cases of HPV positive OPC in New Zealand, and the majority of cases being attributable to HPV 16. These results support the recent inclusion of males into the nationally funded immunization schedule for Gardasil® 9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Lucas-Roxburgh
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal, and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | - Jackie Benschop
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, Hopkirk Research Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Bruce Lockett
- Histopathology Department, MedLab Central Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | - Ruth Williams
- Histopathology Department, MedLab Central Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Laryssa Howe
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal, and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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3
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Meisal R, Rounge TB, Christiansen IK, Eieland AK, Worren MM, Molden TF, Kommedal Ø, Hovig E, Leegaard TM, Ambur OH. HPV Genotyping of Modified General Primer-Amplicons Is More Analytically Sensitive and Specific by Sequencing than by Hybridization. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169074. [PMID: 28045981 PMCID: PMC5207713 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensitive and specific genotyping of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) is important for population-based surveillance of carcinogenic HPV types and for monitoring vaccine effectiveness. Here we compare HPV genotyping by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) to an established DNA hybridization method. In DNA isolated from urine, the overall analytical sensitivity of NGS was found to be 22% higher than that of hybridization. NGS was also found to be the most specific method and expanded the detection repertoire beyond the 37 types of the DNA hybridization assay. Furthermore, NGS provided an increased resolution by identifying genetic variants of individual HPV types. The same Modified General Primers (MGP)-amplicon was used in both methods. The NGS method is described in detail to facilitate implementation in the clinical microbiology laboratory and includes suggestions for new standards for detection and calling of types and variants with improved resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Meisal
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | | | - Irene Kraus Christiansen
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | | | - Merete Molton Worren
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Øyvind Kommedal
- Department of Microbiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eivind Hovig
- Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Cancer Research and Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Truls Michael Leegaard
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Division of Medicine and Laboratory Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo Norway
| | - Ole Herman Ambur
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
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4
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Whang SN, Filippova M, Duerksen-Hughes P. Recent Progress in Therapeutic Treatments and Screening Strategies for the Prevention and Treatment of HPV-Associated Head and Neck Cancer. Viruses 2015; 7:5040-65. [PMID: 26393639 PMCID: PMC4584304 DOI: 10.3390/v7092860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise in human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has elicited significant interest in the role of high-risk HPV in tumorigenesis. Because patients with HPV-positive HNSCC have better prognoses than do their HPV-negative counterparts, current therapeutic strategies for HPV+ HNSCC are increasingly considered to be overly aggressive, highlighting a need for customized treatment guidelines for this cohort. Additional issues include the unmet need for a reliable screening strategy for HNSCC, as well as the ongoing assessment of the efficacy of prophylactic vaccines for the prevention of HPV infections in the head and neck regions. This review also outlines a number of emerging prospects for therapeutic vaccines, as well as for targeted, molecular-based therapies for HPV-associated head and neck cancers. Overall, the future for developing novel and effective therapeutic agents for HPV-associated head and neck tumors is promising; continued progress is critical in order to meet the challenges posed by the growing epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia N Whang
- Department of Basic Science, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA.
| | - Maria Filippova
- Department of Basic Science, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA.
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Sjövall J, Wahlberg P, Almquist H, Kjellén E, Brun E. A prospective study of positron emission tomography for evaluation of neck node response 6 weeks after radiotherapy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2015; 38 Suppl 1:E473-9. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.24021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Sjövall
- Department of ORL-Head and Neck Surgery; Clinical Sciences, Skane University Hospital, Lund University; Sweden
| | - Peter Wahlberg
- Department of ORL-Head and Neck Surgery; Clinical Sciences, Skane University Hospital, Lund University; Sweden
| | - Helen Almquist
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine; Skane University Hospital, Lund University; Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Kjellén
- Department of Oncology; Clinical Sciences, Skane University Hospital, Lund University; Sweden
| | - Eva Brun
- Department of Oncology; Clinical Sciences, Skane University Hospital, Lund University; Sweden
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Mosmann JP, Monetti MS, Frutos MC, Kiguen AX, Venezuela RF, Cuffini CG. Mutation Detection of E6 and LCR Genes from HPV 16 Associated with Carcinogenesis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:1151-7. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.3.1151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Chen H, Chen XZ, Waterboer T, Castro FA, Brenner H. Viral infections and colorectal cancer: a systematic review of epidemiological studies. Int J Cancer 2014; 137:12-24. [PMID: 25186851 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have found the presence of viral DNA in colorectal tumor tissues. However, whether viral infections contribute to the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) is still under debate. We aimed to provide an overview of published epidemiological studies on the association between viral infections and CRC. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed to find relevant studies published until 8 May 2014. Information collected included study population, sample type, laboratory method and prevalence of viral infection in cancer or precancer patients and controls. We found 41 studies that fulfilled the selection criteria, all of which had cross-sectional or case-control designs, and most of which were of small to moderate size. Viral infections included human papillomaviruses (HPV), human polyomaviruses, human herpesviruses, human bocavirus and Inoue-Melnick virus. Inconsistent results were observed across studies. Many studies reported higher viral DNA prevalence in tumor tissues than in normal noncancerous tissues either in the same patients or in CRC-free controls. However, potential contamination or temporal sequence of the infection and cancer development were often unclear. Seroprevalence studies assessing antibody titers indicative of viral infections did not find statistically significant differences between CRC cases and healthy controls. Overall published evidence on the role of viral infections in CRC etiology remains limited. Given the potential importance of viral infections and their implication for prevention, there is a strong need for large, methodologically rigorous epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongda Chen
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Şahiner F, Kubar A, Gümral R, Ardıç M, Yiğit N, Şener K, Dede M, Yapar M. Efficiency of MY09/11 consensus PCR in the detection of multiple HPV infections. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 80:43-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2014.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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9
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Lu X, Lin Q, Lin M, Duan P, Ye L, Chen J, Chen X, Zhang L, Xue X. Multiple-integrations of HPV16 genome and altered transcription of viral oncogenes and cellular genes are associated with the development of cervical cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97588. [PMID: 24992025 PMCID: PMC4081011 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The constitutive expression of the high-risk HPV E6 and E7 viral oncogenes is the major cause of cervical cancer. To comprehensively explore the composition of HPV16 early transcripts and their genomic annotation, cervical squamous epithelial tissues from 40 HPV16-infected patients were collected for analysis of papillomavirus oncogene transcripts (APOT). We observed different transcription patterns of HPV16 oncogenes in progression of cervical lesions to cervical cancer and identified one novel transcript. Multiple-integration events in the tissues of cervical carcinoma (CxCa) are significantly more often than those of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). Moreover, most cellular genes within or near these integration sites are cancer-associated genes. Taken together, this study suggests that the multiple-integrations of HPV genome during persistent viral infection, which thereby alters the expression patterns of viral oncogenes and integration-related cellular genes, play a crucial role in progression of cervical lesions to cervix cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xulian Lu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pathology, Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhuji, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiaoai Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mao Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Fuda Cancer Hospital Affiliated to the Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Duan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lulu Ye
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangmin Chen
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangyang Xue
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail:
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10
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Sjövall J, Brun E, Almquist H, Kjellén E, Wahlberg P. Radiotherapy response in head and neck cancer - evaluation of the primary tumour site. Acta Otolaryngol 2014; 134:646-51. [PMID: 24707930 DOI: 10.3109/00016489.2014.895038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
CONCLUSION PET-CT scans seem to be sufficient to rule out residual tumour at the primary site. Patients with positive or equivocal PET findings should be scheduled for endoscopy with biopsy or a second PET-CT scan. OBJECTIVES Assessment of remission at the primary site, in patients treated with organ preservation therapy with curative intent, is important to identify residual tumours requiring treatment with salvage surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) after radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy in assessing primary site response in patients with head and neck cancer. METHODS A total of 82 patients, with a positive baseline PET-CT scan before start of treatment, were evaluated with a PET-CT scan 6-7 weeks post-radiotherapy and with a clinical examination/endoscopy with or without biopsy 1-2 weeks later. The majority of patients had p16-positive oropharyngeal tumours. RESULTS Post-treatment, 77% of the patients had no visible hypermetabolism. If equivocal PET scans are regarded as positive, the sensitivity, specificity, negative (NPV) and positive predictive value (PPV) and accuracy were 100%, 78%, 100%, 6% and 78%, respectively. Eight patients suffered from relapses involving the primary site during the 9-month follow-up.
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11
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Souho T, Bennani B. Oncogenic human papillomavirus genotyping by multiplex PCR and fragment analysis. J Virol Methods 2014; 196:45-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Lian DS, Zhao SJ. Capillary electrophoresis based on the nucleic acid detection in the application of cancer diagnosis and therapy. Analyst 2014; 139:3492-506. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an00400k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on capillary electrophoresis-based nucleic acid detection as it is applied to cancer diagnosis and therapy, and provides an introduction to the drawbacks and future developments of analysis with CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Sheng Lian
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shu-Jin Zhao
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006, China
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13
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Maranga IO, Hampson L, Oliver AW, He X, Gichangi P, Rana F, Opiyo A, Hampson IN. HIV Infection Alters the Spectrum of HPV Subtypes Found in Cervical Smears and Carcinomas from Kenyan Women. Open Virol J 2013; 7:19-27. [PMID: 23494633 PMCID: PMC3594704 DOI: 10.2174/1874357901307010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with high risk HPV is implicated in pre-cancerous squamous intraepithelial lesions and their progression to cervical cancer. In the developed countries, infection with HPV 16 and 18 accounts for ~70% of cervical cancers, but it has been established that HPV type prevalence differs according to worldwide geographical location. In sub Saharan Africa infection with HPV is known to be augmented by HIV, which is endemic in this region. It is not yet clear, however, whether this ultimately influences progression to cervical cancer. PapillocheckTM and multiplex PCR were used to determine the range of HPV genotypes found in cervical smears and carcinomas from HIV positive and negative Kenyan women. Smear samples from HIV-positive women had a higher prevalence of: multiple HPV infections; high-risk HPVs 52, 58, 68, potential high risk 53/70, low-risk 44/55 and abnormal cytology compared to HIV-negative women. A low overall prevalence (~8%) of types 16/18 was found in all smear samples tested (n = 224) although this increased in invasive cervical carcinoma tissues to ~80% for HIV-negative and ~46% for HIV-positive women. Furthermore, HPV45 was more common in cervical carcinoma tissues from HIV-positive women. In summary HIV infection appears to alter the spectrum of HPV types found in both cervical smears and invasive cervical carcinomas. It is hypothesised there could be a complex interplay between these viruses which could either positively or negatively influence the rate of progression to cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Innocent O Maranga
- Viral Oncology Laboratories, University of Manchester Institute of Cancer Sciences, Research Floor 5, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK ; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
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Koriem KMM, Fathi GE, Salem HA, Akram NH, Gamil SA. Protective role of pectin against cadmium-induced testicular toxicity and oxidative stress in rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2013. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2012.748857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Kahla S, Oueslati S, Achour M, Kochbati L, Chanoufi MB, Maalej M, Oueslati R. Correlation between ebv co-infection and HPV16 genome integrity in Tunisian cervical cancer patients. Braz J Microbiol 2012; 43:744-53. [PMID: 24031886 PMCID: PMC3768824 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822012000200039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with high risk Human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is necessary but not sufficient to cause cervical carcinoma. This study explored whether multiple HR-HPV or coinfection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) influence the integration status of HPV16 genome. The presence and typing of HPV in a series of 125 cervical specimens were assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the specific primers for the HPV L1 region. As for EBV infection, the viral EBNA1 gene was used for its detection through PCR amplification. Disruption of the HPV E2 gene was assessed by amplification of the entire E2 gene with single set of primers, while E2 transcripts were evaluated by a reverse transcription PCR method (RT-PCR). The overall prevalence of HPVDNA was of 81.8% in cervical cancers versus 26.9% in benign lesions. In HPV positive cases, HPV16 and HPV18 were the most prevalent types, followed by HPV types 33, 31. EBV EBNA1 prevalence was statistically more frequent in cervical carcinomas than in benign lesions (29.5%, vs 9.6%; P=0.01). No viral infection was detected in healthy control women. The uninterrupted E2 gene was correlated with the presence of E2 transcripts originating from the HPV episomal forms. It was observed that integration was more common in HPV18 and EBV coinfection. The presence of EBV caused a five-fold [OR= 5; CI= 1.15-21.8; P = 0.04] increase in the risk of HPV16 genome integration in the host genome. This study indicates that EBV infection is acting as a cofactor for induction of cervical cancer by favoring HPVDNA integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloua Kahla
- Unit of Immunology Microbiology Environmental and Carcinogenesis (IMEC), Science Faculty of Bizerte, University of Carthage , 7021 Jarzouna, Bizerte , Tunisia
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