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Pham TM, Ahmed M, Lai TH, Bahar ME, Hwang JS, Maulidi RF, Ngo QN, Kim DR. Regulation of Cell Cycle Progression through RB Phosphorylation by Nilotinib and AT-9283 in Human Melanoma A375P Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2956. [PMID: 38474202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors are commonly employed for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia, yet their impact on human malignant melanoma remains uncertain. In this study, we delved into the underlying mechanisms of specific BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib, nilotinib, ZM-306416, and AT-9283) in human melanoma A375P cells. We first evaluated the influence of these inhibitors on cell growth using cell proliferation and wound-healing assays. Subsequently, we scrutinized cell cycle regulation in drug-treated A375P cells using flow cytometry and Western blot assays. Notably, imatinib, nilotinib, ZM-306416, and AT-9283 significantly reduced cell proliferation and migration in A375P cells. In particular, nilotinib and AT-9283 impeded the G1/S transition of the cell cycle by down-regulating cell cycle-associated proteins, including cyclin E, cyclin A, and CDK2. Moreover, these inhibitors reduced RB phosphorylation, subsequently inhibiting E2F transcriptional activity. Consequently, the expression of the E2F target genes (CCNA2, CCNE1, POLA1, and TK-1) was markedly suppressed in nilotinib and AT9283-treated A375P cells. In summary, our findings suggest that BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors may regulate the G1-to-S transition in human melanoma A375P cells by modulating the RB-E2F complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Minh Pham
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahmoud Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Trang Huyen Lai
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Entaz Bahar
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Rizi Firman Maulidi
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Quang Nhat Ngo
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Ryong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea
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2
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Functional analysis of repositioned anilide derivatives as anticancer compounds. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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3
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Vaidya GN, Rana P, Venkatesh A, Chatterjee DR, Contractor D, Satpute DP, Nagpure M, Jain A, Kumar D. Paradigm shift of "classical" HDAC inhibitors to "hybrid" HDAC inhibitors in therapeutic interventions. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 209:112844. [PMID: 33143937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
'Epigenetic' regulation of genes via post-translational modulation of proteins is the current mainstay approach for the disease therapies, particularly explored in the Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) class of enzymes. Mainly sight saw in cancer chemotherapeutics, HDAC inhibitors have also found a promising role in other diseases (neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and viral infections) and successfully entered in various combination therapies (pre-clinical/clinical stages). The prevalent flexibility in the structural design of HDAC inhibitors makes them easily tuneable to merge with other pharmacophore modules for generating multi-targeted single hybrids as a novel tactic to overcome drawbacks of polypharmacy. Herein, we reviewed the putative role of prevalent HDAC hybrids inhibitors in the current and prospective stage as a translational approach to overcome the limitations of the existing conventional drug candidates (parent molecule) when used either alone (drug resistance, solubility issues, adverse side effects, selectivity profile) or in combination (pharmacokinetic interactions, patient compliance) for treating various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Nikhil Vaidya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Pooja Rana
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashwini Venkatesh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Deep Rohan Chatterjee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Darshan Contractor
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Dinesh Parshuram Satpute
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Mithilesh Nagpure
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Alok Jain
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India; Department of Bio-Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India.
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India.
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Infectious Complications of Biological and Small Molecule Targeted Immunomodulatory Therapies. Clin Microbiol Rev 2020; 33:33/3/e00035-19. [PMID: 32522746 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00035-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The past 2 decades have seen a revolution in our approach to therapeutic immunosuppression. We have moved from relying on broadly active traditional medications, such as prednisolone or methotrexate, toward more specific agents that often target a single receptor, cytokine, or cell type, using monoclonal antibodies, fusion proteins, or targeted small molecules. This change has transformed the treatment of many conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, cancers, asthma, and inflammatory bowel disease, but along with the benefits have come risks. Contrary to the hope that these more specific agents would have minimal and predictable infectious sequelae, infectious complications have emerged as a major stumbling block for many of these agents. Furthermore, the growing number and complexity of available biologic agents makes it difficult for clinicians to maintain current knowledge, and most review articles focus on a particular target disease or class of agent. In this article, we review the current state of knowledge about infectious complications of biologic and small molecule immunomodulatory agents, aiming to create a single resource relevant to a broad range of clinicians and researchers. For each of 19 classes of agent, we discuss the mechanism of action, the risk and types of infectious complications, and recommendations for prevention of infection.
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5
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Çiftçi H. Effects of Glycyrrhetic Acid on Human Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Cells. Turk J Pharm Sci 2020; 17:49-55. [PMID: 32454760 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2018.49389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a type of blood cancer that is initially treated with imatinib (first Abl kinase inhibitor). However, some patients with CML develop imatinib resistance. Several new generation drugs have been developed, but do not overcome this problem. Glycyrrhetic acid (GA) is a plant-derived pentacyclic triterpenoid that exhibits multiple pharmacological properties for the treatment of cancers. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of GA on the K562 cell line (Bcr-Abl positive leukemia). Materials and Methods The MTT cell proliferation assay was employed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of GA compared with imatinib (positive control) against leukemia and normal blood cells. For detection of cell death, an apoptotic/necrotic/healthy assay was performed against the K562 cell line. To investigate the kinase inhibitory activity of GA, the Abl1 kinase profiling assay and a molecular docking study were performed. Results GA showed Abl kinase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 29.2 μM and induced apoptosis in the K562 cell line after 6 h of treatment. Conclusion The current findings indicate that this class of plant extract could be a potential candidate for treatment of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halilibrahim Çiftçi
- Kumamoto University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Bioorganic Medicinal Chemistry, Kumamoto, Japan
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6
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Almeida TP, Ramos AA, Ferreira J, Azqueta A, Rocha E. Bioactive Compounds from Seaweed with Anti-Leukemic Activity: A Mini-Review on Carotenoids and Phlorotannins. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:39-53. [PMID: 30854962 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666190311095655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) represents 15-20% of all new cases of leukemia and is characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal myeloid cells. Currently, the first-line of treatment involves Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs), which specifically inhibits the activity of the fusion protein BCR-ABL. However, resistance, mainly due to mutations, can occur. In the attempt to find more effective and less toxic therapies, several approaches are taken into consideration such as research of new anti-leukemic drugs and "combination chemotherapy" where different drugs that act by different mechanisms are used. Here, we reviewed the molecular mechanisms of CML, the main mechanisms of drug resistance and current strategies to enhance the therapeutic effect of TKIs in CML. Despite major advances in CML treatment, new, more potent anticancer drugs and with fewer side effects are needed. Marine organisms, and particularly seaweed, have a high diversity of bioactive compounds with some of them having anticancer activity in several in vitro and in vivo models. The state-of-art suggests that their use during cancer treatment may improve the outcome. We reviewed here the yet few data supporting anti-leukemic activity of some carotenoids and phlorotannins in some leukemia models. Also, strategies to overcome drug resistance are discussed, particularly the combination of conventional drugs with natural compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia P Almeida
- Team of Histomorphology, Physiopathology and Applied Toxicology, CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, U.Porto - University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.,Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Department of Microscopy, ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, U.Porto - University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.,FCUP - Faculty of Sciences, U. Porto - University of Porto (U.Porto), Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alice A Ramos
- Team of Histomorphology, Physiopathology and Applied Toxicology, CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, U.Porto - University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.,Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Department of Microscopy, ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, U.Porto - University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Ferreira
- Team of Histomorphology, Physiopathology and Applied Toxicology, CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, U.Porto - University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.,Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Department of Microscopy, ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, U.Porto - University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.,FCUP - Faculty of Sciences, U. Porto - University of Porto (U.Porto), Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, CP 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Eduardo Rocha
- Team of Histomorphology, Physiopathology and Applied Toxicology, CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, U.Porto - University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.,Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Department of Microscopy, ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, U.Porto - University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, no 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Biological Activity of New Pyrazolo[4,3- e][1,2,4]triazine Acyclonucleosides. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25010221. [PMID: 31948129 PMCID: PMC6982861 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of new pyrazolo[4,3-e][1,2,4]triazine acyclonucleosides 2–5 and 8 were prepared and evaluated for their anticancer activity against human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, K-562) and CDK2/E, as well as Abl protein kinases inhibitors. Lipophilicity of the compounds was determined using C-18 and immobilized artificial membrane (IAM) chromatography. In order to confirm the molecular structures and synthesis pathway of new acyclonucleosides, X-ray analysis was performed for model compound 3. Theoretical calculations at the DFT/B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level were used for the characterization of electronic structures of 1–8. The potential antiviral activity of acyclonucleosides 2–8 was tested in silico using molecular docking method.
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8
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Arshad F, Khan MF, Akhtar W, Alam MM, Nainwal LM, Kaushik SK, Akhter M, Parvez S, Hasan SM, Shaquiquzzaman M. Revealing quinquennial anticancer journey of morpholine: A SAR based review. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 167:324-356. [PMID: 30776694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Morpholine, a six-membered heterocycle containing one nitrogen and one oxygen atom, is a moiety of great significance. It forms an important intermediate in many industrial and organic syntheses. Morpholine containing drugs are of high therapeutic value. Its wide array of pharmacological activity includes anti-diabetic, anti-emetic, growth stimulant, anti-depressant, bronchodilator and anticancer. Multi-drug resistance in cancer cases have emerged in the last few years and have led to the failure of many chemotherapeutic drugs. Newer treatment methods and drugs are being developed to overcome this problem. Target based drug discovery is an effective method to develop novel anticancer drugs. To develop newer drugs, previously reported work needs to be studied. Keeping this in mind, last five year's literature on morpholine used as anticancer agents has been reviewed and summarized in the paper herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Arshad
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohemmed Faraz Khan
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Wasim Akhtar
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Mumtaz Alam
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Lalit Mohan Nainwal
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Sumit Kumar Kaushik
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mymoona Akhter
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | | | - Mohammad Shaquiquzzaman
- Drug Design & Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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Design, synthesis and 3D QSAR based pharmacophore study of novel imatinib analogs as antitumor-apoptotic agents. Future Med Chem 2018; 10:1421-1433. [PMID: 29788766 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Imatinib possesses various mechanisms for combating cancer, making the development of imatinib analogs an attractive target for cancer research. METHOD Two series of analogs were designed and synthesized, maintaining the essential pharmacophoric features in imatinib structure. The synthesized compounds were subjected to cell-based antiproliferative assays against nonsmall lung (A549) and colon cancer cell lines. In addition, flow cytometry cell cycle and caspase-3 colorimetric assays were performed. RESULTS Most compounds showed potent anticancer activity against both cell lines with IC50 = 0.14-5.07 μM. Three compounds demonstrated ability to reinforce cell cycle arrest at G1 stage in a manner similar to imatinib. In addition, they induced apoptosis via activation of caspase-3.
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10
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Coleman KG, Crews CM. Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeras: Harnessing the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System to Induce Degradation of Specific Target Proteins. ANNUAL REVIEW OF CANCER BIOLOGY-SERIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cancerbio-030617-050430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Craig M. Crews
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology; Department of Chemistry; and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
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11
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Azevedo LD, Bastos MM, Vasconcelos FC, Hoelz LVB, Junior FPS, Dantas RF, de Almeida ACM, de Oliveira AP, Gomes LC, Maia RC, Boechat N. Imatinib derivatives as inhibitors of K562 cells in chronic myeloid leukemia. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1993-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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12
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Syk inhibitors interfere with erythrocyte membrane modification during P falciparum growth and suppress parasite egress. Blood 2017. [PMID: 28634183 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-11-748053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Band 3 (also known as the anion exchanger, SLCA1, AE1) constitutes the major attachment site of the spectrin-based cytoskeleton to the erythrocyte's lipid bilayer and thereby contributes critically to the stability of the red cell membrane. During the intraerythrocytic stage of Plasmodium falciparum's lifecycle, band 3 becomes tyrosine phosphorylated in response to oxidative stress, leading to a decrease in its affinity for the spectrin/actin cytoskeleton and causing global membrane destabilization. Because this membrane weakening is hypothesized to facilitate parasite egress and the consequent dissemination of released merozoites throughout the bloodstream, we decided to explore which tyrosine kinase inhibitors might block the kinase-induced membrane destabilization. We demonstrate here that multiple Syk kinase inhibitors both prevent parasite-induced band 3 tyrosine phosphorylation and inhibit parasite-promoted membrane destabilization. We also show that the same Syk kinase inhibitors suppress merozoite egress near the end of the parasite's intraerythrocytic lifecycle. Because the entrapped merozoites die when prevented from escaping their host erythrocytes and because some Syk inhibitors have displayed long-term safety in human clinical trials, we suggest Syk kinase inhibitors constitute a promising class of antimalarial drugs that can suppress parasitemia by inhibiting a host target that cannot be mutated by the parasite to evolve drug resistance.
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Jia YX, Li TF, Zhang DD, Fan ZM, Fan HJ, Yan J, Chen LJ, Tang H, Qin YR, Li XY. The coexpression and prognostic significance of c-MET, fibroblast growth factor receptor 2, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 in resected gastric cancer: a retrospective study. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:5919-5929. [PMID: 27729801 PMCID: PMC5045911 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s111778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular-targeted therapy against tyrosine kinase receptors (RTKs) plays an important role in gastric cancer (GC) treatment. Understanding the correlation between RTK coexpression could better guide clinical drug use. In the present study, the coexpression status of c-MET, fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in human GC and their clinical significance in clinical therapy were explored. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and fluorescent in situ hybridization were performed in 143 cases of GC who had undergone gastrectomy without preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Their association with clinicopathological features and clinical prognosis was analyzed. The frequencies of c-MET, FGFR2, and HER2 overexpression were 47.6% (68/143), 34.3% (49/143), and 10.5% (15/143), respectively. In the RTK coexpression study, 30.1% of patients (43/143) were positive for only one RTK, 25.8% (37/143) were positive for two RTKs, 3.5% (5/143) had triple-positive status, and 40.6% (58/143) had triple-negative status. In survival analysis, the overexpression of c-MET, FGFR2, and HER2 were significantly associated with overall survival (OS) (P=0.018, 0.004, and 0.049, respectively). In coexpression analysis, patients with triple-positive GC had the poorest OS (P=0.013). In conclusion, RTK coexpression is significantly associated with poor clinical outcome in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Xu Jia
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Esophageal and Gastric Cancer Center of Henan Province
| | | | | | - Zong-Min Fan
- Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Hui-Jie Fan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Esophageal and Gastric Cancer Center of Henan Province
| | - Jie Yan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Esophageal and Gastric Cancer Center of Henan Province
| | - Li-Juan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Tang
- Department of Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ru Qin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Esophageal and Gastric Cancer Center of Henan Province
| | - Xing-Ya Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
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14
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Westhoff MA, Marschall N, Debatin KM. Novel Approaches to Apoptosis-Inducing Therapies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 930:173-204. [PMID: 27558822 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-39406-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Induction of apoptotic programmed cell death is one of the underlying principles of most current cancer therapies. In this review, we discuss the limitations and drawbacks of this approach and identify three distinct, but overlapping strategies to avoid these difficulties and further enhance the efficacy of apoptosis-inducing therapies. We postulate that the application of multi-targeted small molecule inhibitor cocktails will reduce the risk of the cancer cell populations developing resistance towards therapy. Following from these considerations regarding population genetics and ecology, we advocate the reconsideration of therapeutic end points to maximise the benefits, in terms of quantity and quality of life, for the patients. Finally, combining both previous points, we also suggest an altered focus on the cellular and molecular targets of therapy, i.e. targeting the (cancer cells') interaction with the tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstrasse 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nicolas Marschall
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstrasse 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Eythstrasse 24, 89075, Ulm, Germany.
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15
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Firwana B, Sonbol MB, Diab M, Raza S, Hasan R, Yousef I, Zarzour A, Garipalli A, Doll D, Murad MH, Al-Kali A. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors as a first-line treatment in patients with newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase: A mixed-treatment comparison. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:1545-53. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Belal Firwana
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences/Winthrop Rockefeller Cancer Institute; Little Rock AR
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri; Columbia MO
| | | | - Maria Diab
- Department of Medicine; Wayne State University; Detroit MI
| | - Shahzad Raza
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri; Columbia MO
- Columbia University Medical Center/Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center; New York NY
| | - Rim Hasan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences; Little Rock AR
| | - Ibrahim Yousef
- Department of Medicine; Indiana University; Indianapolis IN
| | | | | | - Donald Doll
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri; Columbia MO
| | | | - Aref Al-Kali
- Division of Hematology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester MN
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16
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Dong J, Lu W, Pan X, Su P, Shi Y, Wang J, Zhang J. Discovery of novel Bcr-Abl inhibitors targeting myristoyl pocket and ATP site. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:6876-84. [PMID: 25464886 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bcr-Abl plays an essential role in the pathogenesis and development of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Inhibition of Bcr-Abl has great potential for therapeutic intervention in CML. In order to obtain novel and potent Bcr-Abl inhibitors, twenty seven 4,6-disubstituted pyrimidines were synthesized and evaluated herein. The biological results indicated that four compounds of them (C4, C5, C16, and C23) were potent Bcr-Abl inhibitors which were comparable to positive control. Moreover, C4 and C5 displayed promising antiproliferative activity against K562 cells. The results suggested that these 4,6-disubstituted pyrimidines could serve as promising leads for further optimization of Bcr-Abl inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyun Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, PR China
| | - Wen Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, PR China
| | - Ping Su
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, PR China
| | - Yaling Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, PR China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, PR China.
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Fan J, Dong X, Zhang W, Zeng X, Li Y, Sun Y, Wang S, Wang Z, Gao H, Zhao W, Ju D. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor Thiotanib targets Bcr-Abl and induces apoptosis and autophagy in human chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:9763-75. [PMID: 25200837 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by abnormal Bcr and Abl genes and enhanced tyrosine kinase activity. Anti-CML therapy has been much improved along with the applications of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) which selectively target Bcr-Abl and have a cytotoxic effect on CML. Recently, four-membered heterocycles as "compact modules" have attracted much interest in drug discovery. Grafting these small four-membered heterocycles onto a molecular scaffold could probably provide compounds that retain notable activity and populate chemical space otherwise not previously accessed. Accordingly, a novel TKI, Thiotanib, has been designed and synthesized. It selectively targets Bcr-Abl, inducing growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis of CML cells. Meanwhile, the compound Thiotanib could also induce autophagy in CML cells. Interestingly, inhibition of autophagy promotes Thiotanib-induced apoptosis with no further activation of caspase 3, while inhibition of caspases did not affect the cell survival of CML cells. Moreover, the compound Thiotanib could inhibit phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR, increase beclin-1 and Vps34, and block the formation of the Bcl-2 and Beclin-1 complex. This indicates the probable pathway of autophagy initiation. Our results highlight a new approach for TKI reforming and further provide an indication of the efficacy enhancement of TKIs in combination with autophagy inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
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Evolution of High-Affinity Peptide Probes to Detect the SH3 Domain of Cancer Biomarker BCR–ABL. Int J Pept Res Ther 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-013-9382-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Teng L, Lu J. cMET as a potential therapeutic target in gastric cancer (Review). Int J Mol Med 2013; 32:1247-54. [PMID: 24141315 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Despite improvements in surgery and chemotherapy, the outcomes in patients with advanced gastric cancer remain poor. cMET is a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family, and plays a key role in tumor survival, growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. cMET overexpression and/or gene amplification occurs in a significant proportion of gastric cancers. cMET is associated with a high tumor stage and poor prognosis. Several cMET inhibitors have been investigated in clinical trials, and the initial results are encouraging. It has become increasingly apparent that cMET is a promising therapeutic target in gastric cancer. In this review, we summarize the development of cMET inhibitors in the preclinical and clinical environment. In addition, we discuss the challenges of cMET-targeted therapy in gastric cancer and explore possible solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisong Teng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, P.R. China
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