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Ipte PR, Sahoo S, Satpati A. Spectro-electrochemistry of ciprofloxacin and probing its interaction with bovine serum albumin. Bioelectrochemistry 2019; 130:107330. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.107330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Thermosensitive Liposome-Mediated Drug Delivery in Chemotherapy: Mathematical Modelling for Spatio-temporal Drug Distribution and Model-Based Optimisation. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11120637. [PMID: 31795486 PMCID: PMC6955700 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11120637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermosensitive liposome-mediated drug delivery has shown promising results in terms of improved therapeutic efficacy and reduced side effects compared to conventional chemotherapeutics. In order to facilitate our understanding of the transport mechanisms and their complex interplays in the drug delivery process, computational models have been developed to simulate the multiple steps involved in liposomal drug delivery to solid tumours. In this study we employ a multicompartmental model for drug-loaded thermosensitive liposomes, with an aim to identify the key transport parameters in determining therapeutic dosing and outcomes. The computational model allows us to not only examine the temporal and spatial variations of drug concentrations in the different compartments by utilising the tumour cord concept, but also assess the therapeutic efficacy and toxicity. In addition, the influences of key factors on systemic plasma concentration and intracellular concentration of the active drug are investigated; these include different chemotherapy drugs, release rate constants and heating duration. Our results show complex relationships between these factors and the predicted therapeutic outcome, making it difficult to identify the "best" parameter set. To overcome this challenge, a model-based optimisation method is proposed in an attempt to find a set of release rate constants and heating duration that can maximise intracellular drug concentration while minimising systemic drug concentration. Optimisation results reveal that under the operating conditions and ranges examined, the best outcome would be achieved with a low drug release rate at physiological temperature, combined with a moderate to high release rate at mild hyperthermia and 1 h heating after injection.
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Wang J, Yeung BZ, Cui M, Peer CJ, Lu Z, Figg WD, Guillaume Wientjes M, Woo S, Au JLS. Exosome is a mechanism of intercellular drug transfer: Application of quantitative pharmacology. J Control Release 2017; 268:147-158. [PMID: 29054369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Exosomes are small membrane vesicles (30-100nm in diameter) secreted by cells into extracellular space. The present study evaluated the effect of chemotherapeutic agents on exosome production and/or release, and quantified the contribution of exosomes to intercellular drug transfer and pharmacodynamics. METHODS Human cancer cells (breast MCF7, breast-to-lung metastatic LM2, ovarian A2780 and OVCAR4) were treated with paclitaxel (PTX, 2-1000nM) or doxorubicin (DOX, 20-1000nM) for 24-48h. Exosomes were isolated from the culture medium of drug-treated donor cells (Donor cells) using ultra-centrifugation, and analyzed for acetylcholinesterase activity, total proteins, drug concentrations, and biological effects (cytotoxicity and anti-migration) on drug-naïve recipient cells (Recipient cells). These results were used to develop computational predictive quantitative pharmacology models. RESULTS Cells in exponential growth phase released ~220 exosomes/cell in culture medium. PTX and DOX significantly promoted exosome production and/or release in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with greater effects in ovarian cancer cells than in breast cancer cells. Exosomes isolated from Donor cells contained appreciable drug levels (2-7pmole/106 cells after 24h treatment with 100-1000nM PTX), and caused cytotoxicity and inhibited migration of Recipient cells. Quantitative pharmacology models that integrated cellular PTX pharmacokinetics with PTX pharmacodynamics successfully predicted effects of exosomes on intercellular drug transfer, cytotoxicity of PTX on Donor cells and cytotoxicity of PTX-containing exosomes on Recipient cells. Additional model simulations indicate that within clinically achievable PTX concentrations, the contribution of exosomes to active drug efflux increased with drug concentration and exceeded the p-glycoprotein efflux when the latter was saturated. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate (a) chemotherapeutic agents stimulate exosome production or release, and (b) exosome is a mechanism of intercellular drug transfer that contributes to pharmacodynamics of neighboring cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA; Institute of Quantitative Systems Pharmacology, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Bertrand Z Yeung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA; Institute of Quantitative Systems Pharmacology, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA; Optimum Therapeutics LLC, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Minjian Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA; Institute of Quantitative Systems Pharmacology, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA; Optimum Therapeutics LLC, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Cody J Peer
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ze Lu
- Optimum Therapeutics LLC, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - William D Figg
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - M Guillaume Wientjes
- Institute of Quantitative Systems Pharmacology, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA; Optimum Therapeutics LLC, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
| | - Sukyung Woo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
| | - Jessie L-S Au
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA; Institute of Quantitative Systems Pharmacology, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA; Optimum Therapeutics LLC, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA; College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Shemi A, Khvalevsky EZ, Gabai RM, Domb A, Barenholz Y. Multistep, effective drug distribution within solid tumors. Oncotarget 2015; 6:39564-77. [PMID: 26416413 PMCID: PMC4741846 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The distribution of drugs within solid tumors presents a long-standing barrier for efficient cancer therapies. Tumors are highly resistant to diffusion, and the lack of blood and lymphatic flows suppresses convection. Prolonged, continuous intratumoral drug delivery from a miniature drug source offers an alternative to both systemic delivery and intratumoral injection. Presented here is a model of drug distribution from such a source, in a multistep process. At delivery onset the drug mainly affects the closest surroundings. Such 'priming' enables drug penetration to successive cell layers. Tumor 'void volume' (volume not occupied by cells) increases, facilitating lymphatic perfusion. The drug is then transported by hydraulic convection downstream along interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) gradients, away from the tumor core. After a week tumor cell death occurs throughout the entire tumor and IFP gradients are flattened. Then, the drug is transported mainly by 'mixing', powered by physiological bulk body movements. Steady state is achieved and the drug covers the entire tumor over several months. Supporting measurements are provided from the LODER system, releasing siRNA against mutated KRAS over months in pancreatic cancer in-vivo models. LODER was also successfully employed in a recent Phase 1/2 clinical trial with pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Abraham Domb
- Faculty of Medicine - School of Pharmacy, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yechezkel Barenholz
- Membrane and Liposome Research Lab, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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Wang Y, Bahng JH, Che Q, Han J, Kotov NA. Anomalously Fast Diffusion of Targeted Carbon Nanotubes in Cellular Spheroids. ACS NANO 2015; 9:8231-8. [PMID: 26181892 PMCID: PMC11135955 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b02595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Understanding transport of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and other nanocarriers within tissues is essential for biomedical imaging and drug delivery using these carriers. Compared to traditional cell cultures in animal studies, three-dimensional tissue replicas approach the complexity of the actual organs and enable high temporal and spatial resolution of the carrier permeation. We investigated diffusional transport of CNTs in highly uniform spheroids of hepatocellular carcinoma and found that apparent diffusion coefficients of CNTs in these tissue replicas are anomalously high and comparable to diffusion rates of similarly charged molecules with molecular weights 10000× lower. Moreover, diffusivity of CNTs in tissues is enhanced after functionalization with transforming growth factor β1. This unexpected trend contradicts predictions of the Stokes-Einstein equation and previously obtained empirical dependences of diffusivity on molecular mass for permeants in gas, liquid, solid or gel. It is attributed to the planar diffusion (gliding) of CNTs along cellular membranes reducing effective dimensionality of diffusional space. These findings indicate that nanotubes and potentially similar nanostructures are capable of fast and deep permeation into the tissue, which is often difficult to realize with anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 3074 H.H. Dow Building, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Joong Hwan Bahng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 3074 H.H. Dow Building, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Quantong Che
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 3074 H.H. Dow Building, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jishu Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 3074 H.H. Dow Building, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Nicholas A. Kotov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, 3074 H.H. Dow Building, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 3074 H.H. Dow Building, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Material Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, 3074 H.H. Dow Building, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Ulmschneider MB, Searson PC. Mathematical models of the steps involved in the systemic delivery of a chemotherapeutic to a solid tumor: From circulation to survival. J Control Release 2015; 212:78-84. [PMID: 26103439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of an intravenously administered chemotherapeutic for treatment of a solid tumor is dependent on a sequence of steps, including circulation, extravasation by the enhanced permeability and retention effect, transport in the tumor microenvironment, the mechanism of cellular uptake and trafficking, and the mechanism of drug action. These steps are coupled since the time dependent concentration in circulation determines the concentration and distribution in the tumor microenvironment, and hence the amount taken up by individual cells within the tumor. Models have been developed for each of the steps in the delivery process although their predictive power remains limited. Advances in our understanding of the steps in the delivery process will result in refined models with improvements in predictive power and ultimately allow the development of integrated models that link systemic administration of a drug to the probability of survival. Integrated models that predict outcomes based on patient specific data could be used to select the optimum therapeutic regimens. Here we present an overview of current models for the steps in the delivery process and highlight knowledge gaps that are key to developing integrated models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin B Ulmschneider
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Nanobiotechnology (INBT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231
| | - Peter C Searson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Nanobiotechnology (INBT), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231.
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Xiang D, Shigdar S, Qiao G, Wang T, Kouzani AZ, Zhou SF, Kong L, Li Y, Pu C, Duan W. Nucleic acid aptamer-guided cancer therapeutics and diagnostics: the next generation of cancer medicine. Am J Cancer Res 2015; 5:23-42. [PMID: 25553096 PMCID: PMC4265746 DOI: 10.7150/thno.10202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional anticancer therapies, such as chemo- and/or radio-therapy are often unable to completely eradicate cancers due to abnormal tumor microenvironment, as well as increased drug/radiation resistance. More effective therapeutic strategies for overcoming these obstacles are urgently in demand. Aptamers, as chemical antibodies that bind to targets with high affinity and specificity, are a promising new and novel agent for both cancer diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Aptamer-based cancer cell targeting facilitates the development of active targeting in which aptamer-mediated drug delivery could provide promising anticancer outcomes. This review is to update the current progress of aptamer-based cancer diagnosis and aptamer-mediated active targeting for cancer therapy in vivo, exploring the potential of this novel form of targeted cancer therapy.
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