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Sapouna I, van Erven G, Heidling E, Lawoko M, McKee LS. Impact of Extraction Method on the Structure of Lignin from Ball-Milled Hardwood. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2023; 11:15533-15543. [PMID: 37920800 PMCID: PMC10618921 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c02977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the structure of hardwoods can permit better valorization of lignin by enabling the optimization of green, high-yield extraction protocols that preserve the structure of wood biopolymers. To that end, a mild protocol was applied for the extraction of lignin from ball-milled birch. This made it possible to understand the differences in the extractability of lignin in each extraction step. The fractions were extensively characterized using 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography, and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. This comprehensive characterization highlighted that lignin populations extracted by warm water, alkali, and ionic liquid/ethanol diverged in structural features including subunit composition, interunit linkage content, and the abundance of oxidized moieties. Moreover, ether- and ester-type lignin-carbohydrate complexes were identified in the different extracts. Irrespective of whether natively present in the wood or artificially formed during extraction, these complexes play an important role in the extractability of lignin from ball-milled hardwood. Our results contribute to the further improvement of lignin extraction strategies, for both understanding lignin as present in the lignocellulosic matrix and for dedicated lignin valorization efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Sapouna
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden
- Division
of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, 114 21 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gijs van Erven
- Wageningen
Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University
& Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory
of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University
& Research, Bornse
Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Emelie Heidling
- Division
of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, 114 21 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Lawoko
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden
- Division
of Wood Chemistry and Pulp Technology, Department of Fiber and Polymer
Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lauren Sara McKee
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden
- Division
of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, 114 21 Stockholm, Sweden
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de Cássia Spacki K, Novi DMP, de Oliveira-Junior VA, Durigon DC, Fraga FC, dos Santos LFO, Helm CV, de Lima EA, Peralta RA, de Fátima Peralta Muniz Moreira R, Corrêa RCG, Bracht A, Peralta RM. Improving Enzymatic Saccharification of Peach Palm ( Bactris gasipaes) Wastes via Biological Pretreatment with Pleurotus ostreatus. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2824. [PMID: 37570978 PMCID: PMC10420912 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The white-rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus was used for biological pretreatment of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) lignocellulosic wastes. Non-treated and treated B. gasipaes inner sheaths and peel were submitted to hydrolysis using a commercial cellulase preparation from T. reesei. The amounts of total reducing sugars and glucose obtained from the 30 d-pretreated inner sheaths were seven and five times higher, respectively, than those obtained from the inner sheaths without pretreatment. No such improvement was found, however, in the pretreated B. gasipaes peels. Scanning electronic microscopy of the lignocellulosic fibers was performed to verify the structural changes caused by the biological pretreatments. Upon the biological pretreatment, the lignocellulosic structures of the inner sheaths were substantially modified, making them less ordered. The main features of the modifications were the detachment of the fibers, cell wall collapse and, in several cases, the formation of pores in the cell wall surfaces. The peel lignocellulosic fibers showed more ordered fibrils and no modification was observed after pre-treatment. In conclusion, a seven-fold increase in the enzymatic saccharification of the Bactris gasipaes inner sheath was observed after pre-treatment, while no improvement in enzymatic saccharification was observed in the B. gasipaes peel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila de Cássia Spacki
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (K.d.C.S.); (D.M.P.N.); (V.A.d.O.-J.); (L.F.O.d.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Danielly Maria Paixão Novi
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (K.d.C.S.); (D.M.P.N.); (V.A.d.O.-J.); (L.F.O.d.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Verci Alves de Oliveira-Junior
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (K.d.C.S.); (D.M.P.N.); (V.A.d.O.-J.); (L.F.O.d.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Daniele Cocco Durigon
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (D.C.D.); (R.A.P.)
| | - Fernanda Cristina Fraga
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (F.C.F.); (R.d.F.P.M.M.)
| | - Luís Felipe Oliva dos Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (K.d.C.S.); (D.M.P.N.); (V.A.d.O.-J.); (L.F.O.d.S.); (A.B.)
| | | | | | - Rosely Aparecida Peralta
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (D.C.D.); (R.A.P.)
| | | | - Rúbia Carvalho Gomes Corrêa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologias Limpas, Instituto Cesumar de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação—ICETI, Universidade Cesumar—UNICESUMAR, Maringá 87050-900, Brazil;
| | - Adelar Bracht
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (K.d.C.S.); (D.M.P.N.); (V.A.d.O.-J.); (L.F.O.d.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Rosane Marina Peralta
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil; (K.d.C.S.); (D.M.P.N.); (V.A.d.O.-J.); (L.F.O.d.S.); (A.B.)
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Yan C, Zhang N, Xu C, Jin Q, Qi Y, Cai Y. Effects on stone cell development and lignin deposition in pears by different pollinators. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1093661. [PMID: 36844042 PMCID: PMC9944722 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1093661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The pear pulp is formed by the development of the ovary wall, which is the somatic cell of the female parent, and its genetic traits are identical to those of the female parent, so that its phenotypic traits should also be identical to those of the female parent. However, the pulp quality of most pears, especially the stone cell clusters (SCCs) number and degree of polymerization (DP), were significantly affected by the paternal type. Stone cells are formed by the deposition of lignin in parenchymal cell (PC) walls. Studies on the effect of pollination on lignin deposition and stone cell formation in pear fruit have not been reported. Methods: In this study, 'Dangshan Su' (P. bretschneideri Rehd.) was selected as the mother tree, while 'Yali' (P. bretschneideri Rehd.) and 'Wonhwang' (P. pyrifolia Nakai.) were used as the father trees to perform cross-pollination. We investigated the effects of different parents on SCCs number and DP, and lignin deposition by microscopic and ultramicroscopic observation. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The results showed that the formation of SCCs proceeds was consistent in DY and DW, but the SCC number and DP in DY were higher than that in DW. Ultramicroscopy revealed that the lignification process of DY and DW were all from corner to rest regions of the compound middle lamella and the secondary wall, with lignin particles deposited along the cellulose microfibrils. They were alternatively arranged until they filled up the whole cell cavity to culminate in the formation of stone cells. However, the compactness of the wall layer of cell wall was significantly higher in DY than in DW. We also found that the pit of stone cell was predominantly single pit pair, they transported degraded material from the PCs that were beginning to lignify out of the cells. Stone cell formation and lignin deposition in pollinated pear fruit from different parents were consistent, but the DP of SCCs and the compactness of the wall layer were higher in DY than that in DW. Therefore, DY SCC had a higher ability to resist the expansion pressure of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongchong Yan
- Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Insititute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Germplasm innovation and Utilization (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- College of Health and Elderly, Anhui Vocational College of City Management, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chao Xu
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qing Jin
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yongjie Qi
- Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Insititute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Germplasm innovation and Utilization (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yongping Cai
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Chen M, Guo L, Ramakrishnan M, Fei Z, Vinod KK, Ding Y, Jiao C, Gao Z, Zha R, Wang C, Gao Z, Yu F, Ren G, Wei Q. Rapid growth of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis): Cellular roadmaps, transcriptome dynamics, and environmental factors. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:3577-3610. [PMID: 35766883 PMCID: PMC9516176 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) shows remarkably rapid growth (114.5 cm/day), but the underlying biological mechanisms remain unclear. After examining more than 12,750 internodes from more than 510 culms from 17 Moso populations, we identified internode 18 as a representative internode for rapid growth. This internode includes a 2-cm cell division zone (DZ), a cell elongation zone up to 12 cm, and a secondary cell wall (SCW) thickening zone. These zones elongated 11.8 cm, produced approximately 570,000,000 cells, and deposited ∼28 mg g-1 dry weight (DW) lignin and ∼44 mg g-1 DW cellulose daily, far exceeding vegetative growth observed in other plants. We used anatomical, mathematical, physiological, and genomic data to characterize development and transcriptional networks during rapid growth in internode 18. Our results suggest that (1) gibberellin may directly trigger the rapid growth of Moso shoots, (2) decreased cytokinin and increased auxin accumulation may trigger cell DZ elongation, and (3) abscisic acid and mechanical pressure may stimulate rapid SCW thickening via MYB83L. We conclude that internode length involves a possible tradeoff mediated by mechanical pressure caused by rapid growth, possibly influenced by environmental temperature and regulated by genes related to cell division and elongation. Our results provide insight into the rapid growth of Moso bamboo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Muthusamy Ramakrishnan
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Zhangjun Fei
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Kunnummal K Vinod
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Yulong Ding
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | | | - Zhipeng Gao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Ruofei Zha
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Chunyue Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Zhimin Gao
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Fen Yu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Guodong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Thai M, Safianowicz K, Bell TL, Kertesz MA. Dynamics of microbial community and enzyme activities during preparation of Agaricus bisporus compost substrate. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:88. [PMID: 37938292 PMCID: PMC9723551 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-022-00174-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) are grown commercially on a specialized substrate that is usually prepared from wheat straw and poultry manure in a microbially-mediated composting process. The quality and yield of the mushroom crop depends critically on the quality of this composted substrate, but details of the microbial community responsible for compost production have only emerged recently. Here we report a detailed study of microbial succession during mushroom compost production (wetting, thermophilic, pasteurization/conditioning, spawn run). The wetting and thermophilic phases were characterized by a rapid succession of bacterial and fungal communities, with maximum diversity at the high heat stage. Pasteurization/conditioning selected for a more stable community dominated by the thermophilic actinomycete Mycothermus thermophilus and a range of bacterial taxa including Pseudoxanthomonas taiwanensis and other Proteobacteria. These taxa decreased during spawn run and may be acting as a direct source of nutrition for the proliferating Agaricus mycelium, which has previously been shown to use microbial biomass in the compost for growth. Comparison of bacterial communities at five geographically separated composting yards in south-eastern Australia revealed similarities in microbial succession during composting, although the dominant bacterial taxa varied among sites. This suggests that specific microbial taxa or combinations of taxa may provide useful biomarkers of compost quality and may be applied as predictive markers of mushroom crop yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghann Thai
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Katarzyna Safianowicz
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Tina L Bell
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Michael A Kertesz
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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Joseph P, Ottesen V, Opedal MT, Moe ST. Morphology of lignin structures on fiber surfaces after organosolv pretreatment. Biopolymers 2022; 113:e23520. [PMID: 35751883 PMCID: PMC9787855 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The redeposition of lignin to the fiber surface after organosolv pretreatment was studied using two different reactor types. Results from the conventional autoclave reactor suggest that redeposition occurs during the cooling down stage. Redeposited particles appeared to be spherical in shape. The size and population density of the particles depends on the concentration of organosolv lignin in the cooking liquor, which is consistent with the hypothesis that reprecipitation of lignin occurs when the system is cooled down. The use of a displacement reactor showed that displacing the spent cooking liquor with fresh cooking liquor helps in reducing the redeposition and the inclusion of a washing stage with fresh cooking liquor reduced the reprecipitation of lignin, particularly on the outer fiber surfaces. Redeposition of lignin was still observed on regions that were less accessible to washing liquid, such as fiber lumens, suggesting that complete prevention of redeposition was not achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajin Joseph
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNorwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)TrondheimNorway
| | - Vegar Ottesen
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNorwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)TrondheimNorway,Innlandet FylkeskommuneHamarNorway
| | | | - Størker T. Moe
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNorwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)TrondheimNorway
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De Ligne L, Van Acker J, Baetens JM, Omar S, De Baets B, Thygesen LG, Van den Bulcke J, Thybring EE. Moisture Dynamics of Wood-Based Panels and Wood Fibre Insulation Materials. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:951175. [PMID: 35909717 PMCID: PMC9330446 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.951175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Moisture performance is an important factor determining the resistance of wood-based building materials against fungal decay. Understanding how material porosity and chemistry affect moisture performance is necessary for their efficient use, as well as for product optimisation. In this study, three complementary techniques (X-ray computed tomography, infrared and low-field NMR spectroscopy) are applied to elucidate the influence of additives, manufacturing process and material structure on the liquid water absorption and desorption behaviour of a selection of wood-based panels, thermally modified wood and wood fibre insulation materials. Hydrophobic properties achieved by thermal treatment or hydrophobic additives such as paraffin and bitumen, had a major influence on water absorption and desorption rates. When hydrophobic additives did not play a role, pore distributions and manufacturing process had a decisive influence on the amount and rate of absorption and desorption. In that case, a higher porosity resulted in a higher water absorption rate. Our results show that there is a clear potential for tailoring materials towards specific moisture performance by better understanding the influence of different material characteristics. This is useful both for achieving desired moisture buffering as well as to increase service life of wood-based materials. From a sustainability perspective, fit-for-purpose moisture performance is often easier to achieve and preferred than wood protection by biocide preservative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liselotte De Ligne
- Laboratory of Wood Technology (UGent-Woodlab), Department of Environment, Ghent University (UGent), Ghent, Belgium
- Research Unit Knowledge-Based Systems (KERMIT), Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Ghent University (UGent), Ghent, Belgium
- Centre for X-ray Tomography (UGCT), Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Joris Van Acker
- Laboratory of Wood Technology (UGent-Woodlab), Department of Environment, Ghent University (UGent), Ghent, Belgium
- Centre for X-ray Tomography (UGCT), Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Jan M. Baetens
- Research Unit Knowledge-Based Systems (KERMIT), Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Ghent University (UGent), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Salah Omar
- Laboratory of Wood Technology (UGent-Woodlab), Department of Environment, Ghent University (UGent), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bernard De Baets
- Research Unit Knowledge-Based Systems (KERMIT), Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Ghent University (UGent), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lisbeth G. Thygesen
- Bioresource Chemistry and Technology, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Van den Bulcke
- Laboratory of Wood Technology (UGent-Woodlab), Department of Environment, Ghent University (UGent), Ghent, Belgium
- Centre for X-ray Tomography (UGCT), Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Emil E. Thybring
- Bioresource Chemistry and Technology, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Plaza PE, Coca M, Lucas Yagüe S, Fernández‐Delgado M, López‐Linares JC, García‐Cubero MT. Exploring the use of high solid loadings in enzymatic hydrolysis to improve biobutanol production from brewers' spent grains. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro E. Plaza
- Institute of Sustainable Processes/Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology University of Valladolid Valladolid Spain
| | - Mónica Coca
- Institute of Sustainable Processes/Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology University of Valladolid Valladolid Spain
| | - Susana Lucas Yagüe
- Institute of Sustainable Processes/Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology University of Valladolid Valladolid Spain
| | - Marina Fernández‐Delgado
- Institute of Sustainable Processes/Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology University of Valladolid Valladolid Spain
| | - Juan C. López‐Linares
- Institute of Sustainable Processes/Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology University of Valladolid Valladolid Spain
| | - María T. García‐Cubero
- Institute of Sustainable Processes/Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology University of Valladolid Valladolid Spain
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9
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Sun Q, Chen WJ, Pang B, Sun Z, Lam SS, Sonne C, Yuan TQ. Ultrastructural change in lignocellulosic biomass during hydrothermal pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125807. [PMID: 34474237 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, visualization and characterization of lignocellulose at different scales elucidate the modifications of its ultrastructural and chemical features during hydrothermal pretreatment which include degradation and dissolving of hemicelluloses, swelling and partial hydrolysis of cellulose, melting and redepositing a part of lignin in the surface. As a result, cell walls are swollen, deformed and de-laminated from the adjacent layer, lead to a range of revealed droplets that appear on and within cell walls. Moreover, the certain extent morphological changes significantly promote the downstream processing steps, especially for enzymatic hydrolysis and anaerobic fermentation to bioethanol by increasing the contact area with enzymes. However, the formation of pseudo-lignin hinders the accessibility of cellulase to cellulose, which decreases the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis. This review is intended to bridge the gap between the microstructure studies and value-added applications of lignocellulose while inspiring more research prospects to enhance the hydrothermal pretreatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Wei-Jing Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Bo Pang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhuohua Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (Akuatrop), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Tong-Qi Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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Khalil H, Legin E, Kurek B, Perre P, Taidi B. Morphological growth pattern of Phanerochaete chrysosporium cultivated on different Miscanthus x giganteus biomass fractions. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:318. [PMID: 34784888 PMCID: PMC8597199 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02350-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solid-state fermentation is a fungal culture technique used to produce compounds and products of industrial interest. The growth behaviour of filamentous fungi on solid media is challenging to study due to the intermixity of the substrate and the growing organism. Several strategies are available to measure indirectly the fungal biomass during the fermentation such as following the biochemical production of mycelium-specific components or microscopic observation. The microscopic observation of the development of the mycelium, on lignocellulosic substrate, has not been reported. In this study, we set up an experimental protocol based on microscopy and image processing through which we investigated the growth pattern of Phanerochaete chrysosporium on different Miscanthus x giganteus biomass fractions. RESULTS Object coalescence, the occupied surface area, and radial expansion of the colony were measured in time. The substrate was sterilized by autoclaving, which could be considered a type of pre-treatment. The fastest growth rate was measured on the unfractionated biomass, followed by the soluble fraction of the biomass, then the residual solid fractions. The growth rate on the different fractions of the substrate was additive, suggesting that both the solid and soluble fractions were used by the fungus. Based on the FTIR analysis, there were differences in composition between the solid and soluble fractions of the substrate, but the main components for growth were always present. We propose using this novel method for measuring the very initial fungal growth by following the variation of the number of objects over time. Once growth is established, the growth can be followed by measurement of the occupied surface by the mycelium. CONCLUSION Our data showed that the growth was affected from the very beginning by the nature of the substrate. The most extensive colonization of the surface was observed with the unfractionated substrate containing both soluble and solid components. The methodology was practical and may be applied to investigate the growth of other fungi, including the influence of environmental parameters on the fungal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Khalil
- LGPM, CentraleSupélec, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), Université Paris-Saclay, 3 Rue des Rouges Terres, 51110, Pomacle, France
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A 614, Chaire AFERE, 51097, Reims, France
| | - Estelle Legin
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A 614, Chaire AFERE, 51097, Reims, France
| | - Bernard Kurek
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INRAE, FARE, UMR A 614, Chaire AFERE, 51097, Reims, France
| | - Patrick Perre
- LGPM, CentraleSupélec, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), Université Paris-Saclay, 3 Rue des Rouges Terres, 51110, Pomacle, France
- LGPM, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay, 8-10 Rue Joliot-Curie, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Behnam Taidi
- LGPM, CentraleSupélec, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), Université Paris-Saclay, 3 Rue des Rouges Terres, 51110, Pomacle, France.
- LGPM, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay, 8-10 Rue Joliot-Curie, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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11
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Gonçalves BMM, Camillo MDO, Oliveira MP, Carreira LG, Moulin JC, Fantuzzi Neto H, de Oliveira BF, Pereira AC, Monteiro SN. Surface Treatments of Coffee Husk Fiber Waste for Effective Incorporation into Polymer Biocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193428. [PMID: 34641246 PMCID: PMC8512342 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural lignocellulose fibers have been extensively investigated and applied as a reinforcement of polymer composites in industrial applications from food packing to automotive parts. Among the advantages of natural fibers stands their relatively low cost and sustainable characteristics. These are accentuated in the case of residual fibers such as those obtained from coffee husks, an agribusiness waste, usually burnt or disposed into the environment. As composite reinforcement, hydrophilic natural fibers display adhesion problems to the most hydrophobic polymer matrices. This adhesion might be improved with distinct types of fibers surface treatments. In the present work, the effectiveness of three surface treatments applied to coffee husk fiber wastes (CHFW) were investigated, aiming to improve the tensile performance of castor oil-based polyurethane (COPU) biocomposites. The effects of treatments associated with (i) chemical with sodium hydroxide, (ii) physical by temperature and pressure and hydrothermic treatment, and (iii) biological by fermentation with Phanerochaete Chrysosporium fungus were evaluated by means of Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermal analyses and morphology by scanning electron microscopy for different concentration of NaOH, different hydrothermic times at 121 °C/98 kPa and exposition to P. chrysosporium. The most effective treatment was the hydrothermal one at 121 °C and 98.06 kPa for 30 min. Preliminary tensile tests were performed in COPU biocomposites reinforced with 20% CHFWs subjected to the optimized conditions for each distinct type of treatment. The results indicated that the hydrothermal treatment promoted significant enhancement in the fiber/matrix interfacial bond, increasing the tensile strength up to 60% compared to COPU reinforced with in natura CHFWs fibers. It is important to mention that these composites can be applied as plastic wood for household items’ internal parts and in the automobile industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Maria Mateus Gonçalves
- Forest and Wood Sciences Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Jeronimo Monteiro, Vitória 29550-000, Brazil; (B.M.M.G.); (M.d.O.C.); (M.P.O.); (J.C.M.); (H.F.N.)
| | - Mayara de Oliveira Camillo
- Forest and Wood Sciences Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Jeronimo Monteiro, Vitória 29550-000, Brazil; (B.M.M.G.); (M.d.O.C.); (M.P.O.); (J.C.M.); (H.F.N.)
| | - Michel Picanço Oliveira
- Forest and Wood Sciences Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Jeronimo Monteiro, Vitória 29550-000, Brazil; (B.M.M.G.); (M.d.O.C.); (M.P.O.); (J.C.M.); (H.F.N.)
| | - Lilian Gasparelli Carreira
- Rural Engineering Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, sn., Alegre 29500-000, Brazil;
| | - Jordão Cabral Moulin
- Forest and Wood Sciences Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Jeronimo Monteiro, Vitória 29550-000, Brazil; (B.M.M.G.); (M.d.O.C.); (M.P.O.); (J.C.M.); (H.F.N.)
| | - Humberto Fantuzzi Neto
- Forest and Wood Sciences Department, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Jeronimo Monteiro, Vitória 29550-000, Brazil; (B.M.M.G.); (M.d.O.C.); (M.P.O.); (J.C.M.); (H.F.N.)
| | - Bárbara Ferreira de Oliveira
- Advanced Materials Department, Darcy Ribeiro Northern Fluminense State University, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil;
| | - Artur Camposo Pereira
- Military Institute of Engineering—IME, Materials Science Program, Praça General Tibúrcio 80, Urca, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil;
| | - Sergio Neves Monteiro
- Military Institute of Engineering—IME, Materials Science Program, Praça General Tibúrcio 80, Urca, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil;
- Correspondence: or
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12
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Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation of Banana Pseudostem Hydrolysate to Produce Bioethanol. Int J Microbiol 2021; 2021:5543104. [PMID: 34335778 PMCID: PMC8294991 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5543104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Banana pseudostem (BPS) is an agricultural waste with a high holocellulose content, which, upon hydrolysis, releases fermentable sugars that can be used for bioethanol production. Different pretreatment methods, namely, 3% (w/v) NaOH, 5% (v/v) H2SO4, and liquid hot water, applied on the BPS resulted in the availability of 52%, 48%, and 25% cellulose after treatment, respectively. Saccharification of the pretreated BPS with 10 FPU/g dry solids (29.3 mg protein/g d.s) crude enzyme from Trichoderma harzianum LMLBP07 13-5 at 50°C and a substrate loading of 10 to 15% released 3.8 to 21.8 g/L and from T. longibrachiatum LMLSAUL 14-1 released 5.4 to 43.5 g/L glucose to the biomass. Ethanol was produced through separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) of alkaline pretreated BPS hydrolysate using Saccharomyces cerevisiae UL01 at 30°C and 100 rpm. Highest ethanol produced was 17.6 g/L. Banana pseudostem was shown as a potentially cheap substrate for bioethanol production.
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13
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Gan X, Chen L, Chen X, Pan S, Pan H. Agricultural bio-waste for removal of organic and inorganic contaminants from waste diesel engine oil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 414:124906. [PMID: 33640730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Corncob, an agricultural bio-waste, was used as adsorbent to remove organic and inorganic contaminants in waste lubricating oil (WLO) from diesel engine. To improve its adsorption capacity, corncob was modified with mixed solution of nitric acid, Hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and ethanol. Characterization results showed the crystallinity index of corncob enhanced 12%, which would be ascribed to the disruption of the dense lignin-carbohydrates structure in lignocellulose biomass by modification. The surface of modified corncob became smoother and porous. The adsorption results showed modified corncob had better removal rates to contaminants than raw corncob. For WLO with 80,000 km mileage, the removal rates to Fe, Al, Cu were enhanced from 19%, 6.4%, 48-27%, 27%, 53%, while that for oxide, sulphate, aromates, soot and insoluble resins were enhanced 1.7, 1.2, 3.0, 1.7 and 1.7 times. The reduction rate of total acid number to WLO with 40,000, 60,000, 80,000 km were enhanced 16%, 9%, 12% by modified corncob, respectively. The optimal adsorption condition was explored as adsorbing 60 min at 90 °C with 2% adsorbent. Corncob, with the advantages of low cost, good biodegradability and high adsorption capacity, could be used as alternative to conventional adsorbent for WLO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqian Gan
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, PR China; School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, Fujian, PR China
| | - Lu Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, PR China; School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, Fujian, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, PR China; School of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, Fujian, PR China.
| | - Shouquan Pan
- Fuzhou Savon Environmental Technology Co. Ltd, Fuzhou 350026, PR China
| | - Hongkun Pan
- Fuzhou Savon Environmental Technology Co. Ltd, Fuzhou 350026, PR China
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14
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Sartika D, Syamsu K, Warsiki E, Fahma F, Arnata IW. Nanocrystalline Cellulose from Kapok Fiber (
Ceiba pentandra
) and its Reinforcement Effect on Alginate Hydrogel Bead. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202100033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dewi Sartika
- Faculty of Agricultural Muhammadiyah University of Makassar Makassar South Sulawesi 90221 Indonesia
| | - Khaswar Syamsu
- Department of Agroindustrial Technology Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University) Bogor West Java 16680 Indonesia
| | - Endang Warsiki
- Department of Agroindustrial Technology Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University) Bogor West Java 16680 Indonesia
| | - Farah Fahma
- Department of Agroindustrial Technology Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University) Bogor West Java 16680 Indonesia
| | - I. Wayan Arnata
- Department of Agroindustrial Technology Faculty of Agricultural Technology Udayana University Badung Bali 80364 Indonesia
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Special Issue: Biochemical and Thermochemical Conversion Processes of Lignocellulosic Biomass Fractionated Streams. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9060969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Global consumption of materials such as forest resources, fossil fuels, earth metals and minerals are expected to double in the next 30 years, while annual waste production is estimated to increase by approximately 70% by 2050 [...]
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16
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Fatmawati NV, Ketbot P, Phitsuwan P, Waeonukul R, Tachaapaikoon C, Kosugi A, Ratanakhanokchai K, Pason P. Efficient biological pretreatment and bioconversion of corn cob by the sequential application of a Bacillus firmus K-1 cellulase-free xylanolytic enzyme and commercial cellulases. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:4589-4598. [PMID: 34027563 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11308-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We used agricultural residue, corn cob, with biorefinery and bioeconomy concepts. At short-time cultivation in corn cob (12 h), Bacillus firmus K-1 produced cellulase-free xylanolytic enzyme, with xylooligosaccharides (XOSs), X5 and X6, as the main products, which can be used in a variety of applications. The xylanolytic enzyme produced from B. firmus K-1 effectively degraded xylan in corn cob, which was examined by chemical composition, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). After cultivation, the xylan contained in the corn cob residue was decreased (as biological pretreatment), causing morphological and structural changes, including creating porosity and increasing the surface area and the exposure of cellulose of pretreated corn cob. These results lead to an improvement of cellulose access by cellulases. Commercially available cellulases, Accellerase® 1500 and Cellic® CTec2, yielded significantly higher glucose concentrations from pretreated corn cob compared to untreated corn cob. After saccharification, the lignin-rich corn cob residue can be used as a raw material for other purposes. Moreover, the B. firmus cells, with a low risk to human health, can be used in some applications. This study presents an efficient method for producing high-value-added products from agricultural residue (corn cob) through biological processes which are environmentally friendly and economically viable. KEY POINTS: • High-value-added products were efficiently produced from corn cob by B. firmus K-1. • After biological pretreatment by B. firmus K-1, cellulase can better reach cellulose. • XOSs and cellulose-derived glucose were the main products from corn cob.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niendy Virnanda Fatmawati
- Division of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Prattana Ketbot
- Excellent Center of Enzyme Technology and Microbial Utilization, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Paripok Phitsuwan
- Division of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Rattiya Waeonukul
- Excellent Center of Enzyme Technology and Microbial Utilization, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Chakrit Tachaapaikoon
- Excellent Center of Enzyme Technology and Microbial Utilization, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Akihiko Kosugi
- Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan
| | - Khanok Ratanakhanokchai
- Division of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Patthra Pason
- Excellent Center of Enzyme Technology and Microbial Utilization, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand.
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17
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Rehman A, Noor T, Hussain A, Iqbal N, Jahan Z. Role of Catalysis in Biofuels Production Process – A Review. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.202000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Rehman
- National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME) Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Noor
- National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME) Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Arshad Hussain
- National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME) Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Naseem Iqbal
- National University of Sciences and Technology U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E) Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Zaib Jahan
- National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME) Islamabad Pakistan
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18
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Chen H, Mao J, Jiang B, Wu W, Jin Y. Carbonate-oxygen pretreatment of waste wheat straw for enhancing enzymatic saccharification. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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19
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Zheng Y, Yu Y, Lin W, Jin Y, Yong Q, Huang C. Enhancing the enzymatic digestibility of bamboo residues by biphasic phenoxyethanol-acid pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 325:124691. [PMID: 33461121 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The high content of lignin in bamboo is considered as the major obstacle for its biorefining. In this work, a green, lignin-selective, and recyclable solvent of phenoxyethanol was coupled with acid solution to deconstruct recalcitrant structure of bamboo residues (BR) to boost its enzymatic digestibility. Results showed phenoxyethanol has excellent lignin-removal ability from 29.4% to 91.6% when phenoxyethanol:acid ratios increased from 0:1 to 4:1 at 120 °C. 82.5%-87.8% of cellulose was preserved in pretreated BR. The enzymatic digestibility of BR significantly improved from 20.0% to 91.3% when it was pretreated under optimized conditions. With lower enzyme dosages (10 FPU/g) and 5 recycled using of pretreatment liquor, pretreated BR still showed a good enzymatic digestibility of 67.4%-93.7% and 67.1-76.8%, respectively. Examination of physicochemical changes revealed that improvements to accessibility, reduction of crystallite size, decrease of surface lignin and hydrophobicity for pretreated BR showed positive correlations (R2 > 0.7) with their enzymatic digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayue Zheng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuxin Yu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wenqian Lin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Department of Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qiang Yong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Caoxing Huang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Singh A, Nanda S, Guayaquil‐Sosa JF, Berruti F. Pyrolysis of
Miscanthus
and characterization of value‐added bio‐oil and biochar products. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arshdeep Singh
- Institute for Chemicals and Fuels from Alternative Resources (ICFAR), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Western University London Ontario Canada
| | - Sonil Nanda
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada
| | | | - Franco Berruti
- Institute for Chemicals and Fuels from Alternative Resources (ICFAR), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Western University London Ontario Canada
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21
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Lyu Q, Chen X, Zhang Y, Yu H, Han L, Xiao W. One-pot fractionation of corn stover with peracetic acid and maleic acid. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 320:124306. [PMID: 33157440 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulose fractionation is a primary treatment to enhance cellulose accessibility and multi-component use. Herein, the development of a one-step fractionation is reported for cellulose enrichment from corn stover using a low concentration of peracetic acid combined with maleic acid (PAM). The effects of pretreatment parameters on the contents of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were investigated. After cooking for 1 h at 130 °C with 1.5 wt% peracetic acid and 3 wt% maleic acid, 86.83% of corn stover cellulose remained in the solid residue while 88.21% of hemicellulose and 87.77% of lignin dissolved into the aqueous liquid. Hemicellulose was primarily hydrolyzed into xylose with 84.58% recovered during the PAM process. The cellulose-rich residue was enzymatically hydrolyzed with a glucose yield of 89.65%, which was two to three times that of untreated substrate. Generally, the proposed process offers a promising approach for efficient fractionation of lignocellulose under mild and environmental-friendly conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Lyu
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Box 191, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xueli Chen
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Box 191, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Box 191, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haitao Yu
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Box 191, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lujia Han
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Box 191, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Weihua Xiao
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Box 191, Beijing 100083, China.
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22
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Recent Progress on the Development of Engineered Silica Particles Derived from Rice Husk. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su122410683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of engineered silica particles by using low-cost renewable or waste resources is a key example of sustainability. Rice husks have emerged as a renewable resource for the production of engineered silica particles as well as bioenergy. This review presents a state-of-the-art process for the development of engineered silica particles from rice husks via a bottom-up process. The first part of this review focuses on the extraction of Si from rice husks through combustion and chemical reactions. The second part details the technologies for synthesizing engineered silica particles using silicate obtained from rice husks. These include technologies for the precipitation of silica particles, the control of morphological properties, and the synthesis of ordered porous silica particles. Finally, several issues that need to be resolved before this process can be commercialized are addressed for future research.
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Production of Cellulosic Ethanol from Enzymatically Hydrolysed Wheat Straws. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10217638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to find the optimal pretreatment conditions and hydrolysis in order to obtain a high yield of bioethanol from wheat straw. The pretreatments were performed with different concentrations of sulphuric acid 1, 2 and 3% (v/v), and were followed by an enzymatic hydrolysis that was performed by varying the solid-to-liquid ratio (1/20, 1/25 and 1/30 g/mL) and the enzyme dose (30/30 µL/g, 60/60 µL/g and 90/90 µL/g Viscozyme® L/Celluclast® 1.5 L). This mix of enzymes was used for the first time in the hydrolysis process of wheat straws which was previously pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid. Scanning electron microscopy indicated significant differences in the structural composition of the samples because of the pretreatment with H2SO4 at different concentrations, and ATR-FTIR analysis highlighted the changes in the chemical composition in the pretreated wheat straw as compared to the untreated one. HPLC-RID was used to identify and quantify the carbohydrates content resulted from enzymatic hydrolysis to evaluate the potential of using wheat straws as a raw material for production of cellulosic ethanol in Romania. The highest degradation of lignocellulosic material was obtained in the case of pretreatment with 3% H2SO4 (v/v), a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1/30 and an enzyme dose of 90/90 µL/g. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation were performed using Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, and for monitoring the fermentation process a BlueSens equipment was used provided with ethanol, O2 and CO2 cap sensors mounted on the fermentation flasks. The highest concentration of bioethanol was obtained after 48 h of fermentation and it reached 1.20% (v/v).
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Bekiaris G, Peltre C, Barsberg ST, Bruun S, Sørensen KM, Engelsen SB, Magid J, Hansen M, Jensen LS. Three different Fourier-transform mid-infrared sampling techniques to characterize bio-organic samples. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2020; 49:1310-1321. [PMID: 33016439 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a surge in the number of applications of Fourier-transform mid-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for the characterization of environmental samples and prediction of some of their properties whose measurement has traditionally involved time-consuming and costly methods. However, there are several different mid-infrared techniques available, and there is a gap in knowledge regarding the best-suited technique for recording informative spectra of different types of environmental samples. This study compared the three most widespread FTIR techniques using solid and liquid samples. A total of 11 environmental samples belonging to four categories were analyzed with attenuated total reflectance (ATR), photoacoustic (PAS), and diffuse reflectance (DR) FTIR spectroscopy. Overall, PAS-FTIR was the best technique, providing a greater amount of information, especially for opaque samples (i.e., organic waste, biochar, and soil), than ATR-FTIR and DR-FTIR spectroscopy. Attenuated total reflectance FTIR provided the best spectra for soft samples, such as plant materials, probably due to their ability to achieve good optical contact with the ATR crystal. Finally, DR-FTIR performed relatively well for most samples but was found to be more sensitive to moisture in the samples, resulting in noise in specific areas, and was less sensitive in bond vibrations related to Si.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Bekiaris
- Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Dep. of Crop Science, Agricultural Univ. of Athens, 118 55, Athens, Greece
| | - Clément Peltre
- Dep. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Univ. of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Research and Development, FOSS, 3400, Hillerød, Denmark
| | - Søren T Barsberg
- Dep. of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, Faculty of Science, Univ. of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Sander Bruun
- Dep. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Univ. of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Klavs M Sørensen
- Chemometrics and Analytical Technology, Dep. of Food Science, Faculty of Science, Univ. of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Søren B Engelsen
- Chemometrics and Analytical Technology, Dep. of Food Science, Faculty of Science, Univ. of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jakob Magid
- Dep. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Univ. of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Mette Hansen
- Dep. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Univ. of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lars S Jensen
- Dep. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Univ. of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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25
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Østby H, Hansen LD, Horn SJ, Eijsink VGH, Várnai A. Enzymatic processing of lignocellulosic biomass: principles, recent advances and perspectives. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 47:623-657. [PMID: 32840713 PMCID: PMC7658087 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-020-02301-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Efficient saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass requires concerted development of a pretreatment method, an enzyme cocktail and an enzymatic process, all of which are adapted to the feedstock. Recent years have shown great progress in most aspects of the overall process. In particular, increased insights into the contributions of a wide variety of cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes have improved the enzymatic processing step and brought down costs. Here, we review major pretreatment technologies and different enzyme process setups and present an in-depth discussion of the various enzyme types that are currently in use. We pay ample attention to the role of the recently discovered lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), which have led to renewed interest in the role of redox enzyme systems in lignocellulose processing. Better understanding of the interplay between the various enzyme types, as they may occur in a commercial enzyme cocktail, is likely key to further process improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Østby
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Aas, Norway
| | - Line Degn Hansen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Aas, Norway
| | - Svein J Horn
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Aas, Norway
| | - Vincent G H Eijsink
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Aas, Norway
| | - Anikó Várnai
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Aas, Norway.
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Ben’ko EM, Chukhchin DG, Mamleeva NA, Kharlanov AN, Lunin VV. Ozonolytic Delignification of Wheat Straw. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024420080038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Structural and Thermal Characterization of Novel Organosolv Lignins from Wood and Herbaceous Sources. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8070860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates the effects of structural variations of lignins isolated via an organosolv process from different woody and herbaceous feedstocks on their thermal stability profiles. The organosolv lignins were first analysed for impurities, and structural features were determined using the default set of gel permeation chromatography, FT-IR spectroscopy, quantitative 31 P NMR spectroscopy and semi-quantitative 1 H- 13 C HSQC analysis. Pyrolysis-, O 2 - and CO 2 -reactivity of the organosolv lignins were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and volatile formation in various heating cycles was mapped by head-space GC-MS analysis. Revealed reactivities were correlated to the presence of identified impurities and structural features typical for the organosolv lignins. Data suggest that thermogravimetric analysis can eventually be used to delineate a lignin character when basic information regarding its isolation method is available.
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Adobes-Vidal M, Frey M, Keplinger T. Atomic force microscopy imaging of delignified secondary cell walls in liquid conditions facilitates interpretation of wood ultrastructure. J Struct Biol 2020; 211:107532. [PMID: 32442716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2020.107532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Deep understanding of the physicochemical and structural characteristics of wood at the nanoscale is essential for improving wood usage in biorefining and advancing new high performance materials design. Herein, we use in situ atomic force microscopy and a simple delignification treatment to elucidate the nanoscale architecture of individual secondary cell wall layers. Advantages of this approach are: (i) minimal sample preparation that reduces the introduction of potential artifacts; (ii) prevention of structural rearrangements due to dehydration; (iii) increased accessibility to structural details masked by the lignin matrix; and (iv) possibility to complement results with other analytical techniques without sample manipulation. The methodology permits the visualization of parallel and helicoidally arranged microfibril aggregates in the S1 layer and the determination of lignin contribution to microfibril aggregates forming S2 layers. Cellulose and hemicelluloses constitute the core of the aggregates with a mean diameter of approximately 19 nm, and lignin encloses the core forming single structural entities of about 30 nm diameter. Furthermore, we highlight the implications of sample preparation and imaging parameters on the characterization of microfibril aggregates by AFM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Adobes-Vidal
- Wood Materials Science, ETH Zürich, Stefano-Franscini-Platz 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland; Laboratory for Cellulose & Wood Materials, Empa, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
| | - Marion Frey
- Wood Materials Science, ETH Zürich, Stefano-Franscini-Platz 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland; Laboratory for Cellulose & Wood Materials, Empa, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Keplinger
- Wood Materials Science, ETH Zürich, Stefano-Franscini-Platz 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland; Laboratory for Cellulose & Wood Materials, Empa, Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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Yu W, Wang C, Yi Y, Wang H, Zeng L, Li M, Yang Y, Tan Z. Comparison of Deep Eutectic Solvents on Pretreatment of Raw Ramie Fibers for Cellulose Nanofibril Production. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:5580-5588. [PMID: 32201852 PMCID: PMC7081644 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), featured as promising green solvents, were applied to examine their effectiveness in pretreating raw ramie fibers (RFs) for cellulose nanofibril (CNF) production. The pretreatment performance of three DESs, i.e., choline chloride-urea (CU), choline chloride-oxalic acid dihydrate (CO), and choline chloride-glycerol (CG), was evaluated based on chemical composition analysis and structural and morphological changes. CO attained the most dramatic morphological changes of RFs, followed by CG and CU. Its high structural disruption of RFs during the pretreatment process, shown in the results from scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, could be due to an outstanding ability to remove amorphous cellulose and noncellulosic components from raw RFs, confirmed by the results of chemical composition analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometry. Overall, this study provided an innovative and effective pretreatment process for fractionating raw cellulosic fibers, so as to promote the subsequent preparation of CNFs.
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Ruiz HA, Conrad M, Sun SN, Sanchez A, Rocha GJM, Romaní A, Castro E, Torres A, Rodríguez-Jasso RM, Andrade LP, Smirnova I, Sun RC, Meyer AS. Engineering aspects of hydrothermal pretreatment: From batch to continuous operation, scale-up and pilot reactor under biorefinery concept. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 299:122685. [PMID: 31918970 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Different pretreatments strategies have been developed over the years mainly to enhance enzymatic cellulose degradation. In the new biorefinery era, a more holistic view on pretreatment is required to secure optimal use of the whole biomass. Hydrothermal pretreatment technology is regarded as very promising for lignocellulose biomass fractionation biorefinery and to be implemented at the industrial scale for biorefineries of second generation and circular bioeconomy, since it does not require no chemical inputs other than liquid water or steam and heat. This review focuses on the fundamentals of hydrothermal pretreatment, structure changes of biomass during this pretreatment, multiproduct strategies in terms of biorefinery, reactor technology and engineering aspects from batch to continuous operation. The treatise includes a case study of hydrothermal biomass pretreatment at pilot plant scale and integrated process design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor A Ruiz
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry Sciences, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Coahuila 25280, Mexico.
| | - Marc Conrad
- Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), Institute of Thermal Separation Processes, Eißendorfer Straße 38, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Shao-Ni Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Arturo Sanchez
- Laboratorio de Futuros en Bioenergía, Unidad Guadalajara de Ingeniería Avanzada, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - George J M Rocha
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center of Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-100, Brazil
| | - Aloia Romaní
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Eulogio Castro
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Center for Advanced Studies in Energy and Environment (CEAEMA), University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, s/n, Building B3, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Ana Torres
- Instituto de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11300, Uruguay
| | - Rosa M Rodríguez-Jasso
- Biorefinery Group, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry Sciences, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Coahuila 25280, Mexico
| | - Liliane P Andrade
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center of Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-100, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Functional and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-970, Brazil
| | - Irina Smirnova
- Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), Institute of Thermal Separation Processes, Eißendorfer Straße 38, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Run-Cang Sun
- Center for Lignocellulose Science and Engineering, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Anne S Meyer
- Protein Chemistry and Enzyme Technology, DTU Bioengineering, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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Profiling of Chemical and Structural Composition of Lignocellulosic Biomasses in Tetraploid Rice Straw. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12020340. [PMID: 32033358 PMCID: PMC7077374 DOI: 10.3390/polym12020340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The improvement of the saccharification of rice straw is one of the strategies to reduce the sophisticated pretreatment that results in high cost and is unfriendly to the environment. We explored the cell wall features in tetraploid rice and highlighted the enhanced saccharification of tetraploid with large biomass. Results showed that lignin content and S/G ratio reduced to 17.09% and 0.37, respectively, in tetraploid straw by the determination of the pyGC-MS method. After the pretreatment, the cellulose crystallinity index decreased from 63.22% to 57.65% in tetraploid straw, which is lower than that of pretreated diploid straw. Surface topological analysis of SEM images indicated that tetraploid straw was more susceptible to the pretreatment. Tetraploid straw showed a strong advantage in the process of enzymatic hydrolysis. The enzyme efficiency reached the highest value of 77.60%, and the rate of enzyme reaction was improved to make the reaction saturated earlier than conventional rice. We concluded that the high saccharification has resulted from the alteration of lignin and cellulose in tetraploid rice. Our research provides an improved green feedstock for bioenergy, and the tetraploid rice straw shows the potential utilization value in bioethanol production.
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32
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Chen Q, Shi Y, Chen G, Cai M. Enhanced mechanical and hydrophobic properties of composite cassava starch films with stearic acid modified MCC (microcrystalline cellulose)/NCC (nanocellulose) as strength agent. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 142:846-854. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Xia M, Peng M, Xue D, Cheng Y, Li C, Wang D, Lu K, Zheng Y, Xia T, Song J, Wang M. Development of optimal steam explosion pretreatment and highly effective cell factory for bioconversion of grain vinegar residue to butanol. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:111. [PMID: 32595760 PMCID: PMC7315531 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01751-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The industrial vinegar residue (VR) from solid-state fermentation, mainly cereals and their bran, will be a potential feedstock for future biofuels because of their low cost and easy availability. However, utilization of VR for butanol production has not been as much optimized as other sources of lignocellulose, which mainly stem from two key elements: (i) high biomass recalcitrance to enzymatic sugar release; (ii) lacking of suitable industrial biobutanol production strain. Though steam explosion has been proved effective for bio-refinery, few studies report SE for VR pretreatment. Much of the relevant knowledge remains unknown. Meanwhile, recent efforts on rational metabolic engineering approaches to increase butanol production in Clostridium strain are quite limited. In this study, we assessed the impact of SE pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis kinetics, overall sugar recovery and applied atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutant method for the Clostridium strain development to solve the long-standing problem. RESULTS SE pretreatment was first performed. At the optimal condition, 29.47% of glucan, 71.62% of xylan and 22.21% of arabinan were depolymerized and obtained in the water extraction. In the sequential enzymatic hydrolysis process, enzymatic hydrolysis rate was increased by 13-fold compared to the VR without pretreatment and 19.60 g glucose, 15.21 g xylose and 5.63 g arabinose can be obtained after the two-step treatment from 100 g VR. Porous properties analysis indicated that steam explosion can effectively generate holes with diameter within 10-20 nm. Statistical analysis proved that enzymatic hydrolysis rate of VR followed the Pseudop-second-order kinetics equation and the relationship between SE severity and enzymatic hydrolysis rate can be well revealed by Boltzmann model. Finally, a superior inhibitor-tolerant strain, Clostridium acetobutylicum Tust-001, was generated with ARTP treatment. The water extraction and enzymolysis liquid gathered were successfully fermented, resulting in butanol titer of 7.98 g/L and 12.59 g/L of ABE. CONCLUSIONS SE proved to be quite effective for VR due to high fermentable sugar recovery and enzymatic hydrolysate fermentability. Inverse strategy employing ARTP and repetitive domestication for strain breeding is quite feasible, providing us with a new tool for solving the problem in the biofuel fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Mingmeng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Danni Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Yang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Caixia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Di Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Kai Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Yu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Ting Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Jia Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457 China
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Casaretto R, Agdal EBL, Cayenne A, Chaturvedi T, Holm-Nielsen JB. Low‐Temperature Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Enhanced Biogas Production. Chem Eng Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201900348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- René Casaretto
- Aalborg UniversityDepartment of Energy Technology Niels Bohrs Vej 8 6700 Esbjerg Denmark
| | | | - Aadila Cayenne
- Flensburg University of Applied SciencesDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Process Engineering and Maritime Technologies Kanzleistrasse 91–93 24943 Flensburg Germany
| | - Tanmay Chaturvedi
- Aalborg UniversityDepartment of Energy Technology Niels Bohrs Vej 8 6700 Esbjerg Denmark
| | - Jens Bo Holm-Nielsen
- Aalborg UniversityDepartment of Energy Technology Niels Bohrs Vej 8 6700 Esbjerg Denmark
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Merijs‐Meri R, Zicans J, Ivanova T, Bochkov I, Varkale M, Franciszczak P, Bledzki AK, Danilovas PP, Gravitis J, Rubenis K, Stepanova V, Locs J. Development and Characterization of Grain Husks Derived Lignocellulose Filler Containing Polypropylene Composites. POLYM ENG SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Remo Merijs‐Meri
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied ChemistryRiga Technical University, 3 Paula Valdena street LV‐1048 Riga Latvia
| | - Janis Zicans
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied ChemistryRiga Technical University, 3 Paula Valdena street LV‐1048 Riga Latvia
| | - Tatjana Ivanova
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied ChemistryRiga Technical University, 3 Paula Valdena street LV‐1048 Riga Latvia
| | - Ivan Bochkov
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied ChemistryRiga Technical University, 3 Paula Valdena street LV‐1048 Riga Latvia
| | - Madara Varkale
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied ChemistryRiga Technical University, 3 Paula Valdena street LV‐1048 Riga Latvia
| | - Piotr Franciszczak
- Institute of Materials ScienceWest Pomeranian University of Technology, 19 Piastów Avenue 70310 Szczecin Poland
| | - Andrzej K. Bledzki
- Institute of Materials ScienceWest Pomeranian University of Technology, 19 Piastów Avenue 70310 Szczecin Poland
| | - Paulius Pavelas Danilovas
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and TechnologyKaunas University of Technology, 19‐206 Radvilėnų st. Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Janis Gravitis
- Laboratory of Biomass Eco‐Efficient ConversionLatvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, 27 Dzerbenes str. Riga LV1006 Latvia
| | - Kristaps Rubenis
- Institute of General Chemical Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied ChemistryRiga Technical University, 3 Pulka street LV‐1007 Riga Latvia
| | - Valentina Stepanova
- Institute of General Chemical Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied ChemistryRiga Technical University, 3 Pulka street LV‐1007 Riga Latvia
| | - Janis Locs
- Institute of General Chemical Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied ChemistryRiga Technical University, 3 Pulka street LV‐1007 Riga Latvia
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Improvement of Anaerobic Digestion of Lignocellulosic Biomass by Hydrothermal Pretreatment. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9183853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass, comprising of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, is a difficult-to-degrade substrate when subjected to anaerobic digestion. Hydrothermal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass could enhance the process performance by increasing the generation of methane, hydrogen, and bioethanol. The recalcitrants (furfurals, and 5-HMF) could be formed at high temperatures during hydrothermal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass, which may hinder the process performance. However, the detoxification process involving the use of genetically engineered microbes may be a promising option to reduce the toxic effects of inhibitors. The key challenge lies in the scaleup of the hydrothermal process, mainly due to necessity of upholding high temperature in sizeable reactors, which may demand high capital and operational costs. Thus, more efforts should be towards the techno-economic feasibility of hydrothermal pre-treatment at full scale.
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Momayez F, Karimi K, Sárvári Horváth I. Sustainable and efficient sugar production from wheat straw by pretreatment with biogas digestate. RSC Adv 2019; 9:27692-27701. [PMID: 35529226 PMCID: PMC9070756 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05285b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of liquid fraction of biogas digestate (LFBD) instead of fresh water (hydrothermal) for the pretreatment of wheat straw was evaluated to improve the yield of released sugars during the following hydrolysis step. The pretreatments were conducted at temperatures of 130, 160, and 190 °C for 30 and 60 min. In most of the cases, pretreatment using LFBD led to higher glucose yields and higher total sugars concentrations, compared to those obtained after applying hydrothermal pretreatments. The increase of temperature resulted in an increase in sugars during the enzymatic hydrolysis. The highest yields of glucose (about 59%) were observed after treatments at 190 °C for 60 min, independently of which type of pretreatment was applied and at 190 °C for 30 min using LFBD. Treatment, with LFBD at 190 °C and for 60 min, resulted in glucose and xylose concentrations of 7.36 g L-1 and 2.41 g L-1, respectively, after the subsequent hydrolysis for 48 h. However, the FTIR analysis indicated that the crystallinity index remained rather constant after treatment. Both FTIR and compositional analysis showed that the removal of hemicelluloses was the main effect of the pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Momayez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156-83111 Iran
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås 501 90 Borås Sweden +46334354684
| | - Keikhosro Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156-83111 Iran
- Industrial Biotechnology Group, Research Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156-83111 Iran
| | - Ilona Sárvári Horváth
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås 501 90 Borås Sweden +46334354684
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Chen W, Zhang S, Li Y, Wu H, Meng Q, Zhou Z. Steam-exploded sugarcane bagasse as a potential beef cattle feedstock: effects of different pretreatment conditions1. J Anim Sci 2019; 97:2414-2423. [PMID: 30982892 PMCID: PMC6541826 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane bagasse, a lignocellulosic biomass produced by sugar production, is rarely utilized directly due to economic concerns. However, pretreatment of this biomass could make it suitable as a feedstock for the beef cattle industry. Accordingly, this study investigated the effects of different steam explosion conditions on bagasse digestibility using in vitro fermentation techniques, scanning electron microscopy, and detailed chemical analyses. In vitro incubation of an untreated sample and samples pretreated at 6 different pressures ranging from 0.6 to 1.6 MPa at intervals of 0.2 MPa for 5 min was conducted out for 96 h. Results showed that increasing the pressure in the steam explosion pretreatment induced degradation of the hemicellulose and increased soluble sugar content, especially for arabinose (L; P < 0.01) and xylose contents (Q; P < 0.01). In vitro incubation showed that compared with untreated bagasse, gas production and degradation rate of the bagasse improved linearly (L; P < 0.01) after all treatments. The lag time disappeared with steam pressure above 1.0 MPa and the maximum gas production was obtained under pretreatment at 1.4 MPa for 5 min. Furthermore, pretreatment of bagasse by steam explosion enhanced (Q: P < 0.01) quadratically estimated energy values and OM digestibility. Thus, the current results demonstrate that sugarcane bagasse may be effectively used as a potential beef cattle feedstock after steam explosion pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanbao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Qingxiang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Zhenming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
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Pazhany AS, Henry RJ. Genetic Modification of Biomass to Alter Lignin Content and Structure. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adhini S. Pazhany
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, 4072 Queensland, Australia
- ICAR - Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641 007 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Robert J. Henry
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, 4072 Queensland, Australia
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Aromatics from Beechwood Organosolv Lignin through Thermal and Catalytic Pyrolysis. ENERGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/en12091606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biomass fractionation, as an alternative to biomass pretreatment, has gained increasing research attention over the past few years as it provides separate streams of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. These streams can be used separately and can provide a solution for improving the economics of emerging biorefinery technologies. The sugar streams are commonly used in microbial conversions, whereas during recent years lignin has been recognized as a valuable compound as it is the only renewable and abundant source of aromatic chemicals. Successfully converting lignin into valuable chemicals and products is key in achieving both environmental and economic sustainability of future biorefineries. In this work, lignin retrieved from beechwood sawdust delignification pretreatment via an organosolv process was depolymerized with thermal and catalytic pyrolysis. ZSM-5 commercial catalyst was used in situ to upgrade the lignin bio-oil vapors. Lignins retrieved from different modes of organosolv pretreatment were tested in order to evaluate the effect that upstream pretreatment has on the lignin fraction. Both thermal and catalytic pyrolysis yielded oils rich in phenols and aromatic hydrocarbons. Use of ZSM-5 catalyst assisted in overall deoxygenation of the bio-oils and enhanced aromatic hydrocarbons production. The oxygen content of the bio-oils was reduced at the expense of their yield. Organosolv lignins were successfully depolymerized towards phenols and aromatic hydrocarbons via thermal and catalytic pyrolysis. Hence, lignin pyrolysis can be an effective manner for lignin upgrading towards high added value products.
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Tsegaye B, Balomajumder C, Roy P. Alkali pretreatment of wheat straw followed by microbial hydrolysis for bioethanol production. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:1203-1211. [PMID: 29251554 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1418911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The combination of NaOH pretreatment and microorganisms isolated from termite was used for releasing wrapped polysaccharides from wheat straw biomass matrix. Different concentrations of NaOH (1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 10%) were considered to remove lignin and to release polysaccharides as a pretreatment method at 80°C for 4 h before subjecting it to microbial hydrolysis. Data obtained from compositional analysis of pretreated wheat straws show that a significant amount of cellulose and lignin were released after NaOH pretreatments. The amount of cellulose and lignin released was increased with increasing concentration of NaOH in the pretreatment solution. Further analysis of X-Ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirms the removal of lignin and release of cellulose. About 69.5% of lignin was solubilized and 72.67% of cellulose was released after 10% NaOH pretreatment which was the maximum. Data from spectrophotometric analysis of reducing sugar by the 3,5-dinitrosalycilic acid method show that 83.68% (0.706 g/100 ml) of polysaccharides were converted to glucose and xylose by isolated bacteria after the 15th day of hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahiru Tsegaye
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee , Roorkee , India
| | - Chandrajit Balomajumder
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee , Roorkee , India
| | - Partha Roy
- b Department of Biotechnology , Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee , Roorkee , India
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Gong C, Thomsen ST, Thygesen LG, Felby C. Effects of preheating on briquetting and subsequent hydrothermal pretreatment for enzymatic saccharification of wheat straw. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 35:e2808. [PMID: 30891956 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Briquetting of plant biomass with low bulk density is an advantage for handling, transport, and storage of the material, and heating of the biomass prior to the briquetting facilitates the densification process and improves the physical properties of the briquettes. This study investigates the effects of preheating prior to briquetting of wheat straw (WS) on subsequent hydrothermal pretreatment and enzymatic conversion to fermentable sugars. WS (11% moisture content) was densified to briquettes under different conditions; without preheating or with preheating at 75 or 125°C for either 5 or 10 min. Subsequent hydrothermal pretreatment was done for both un-briquetted WS and for briquettes. Enzymatic saccharification was afterwards performed for all samples. The results showed that as expected, nonpretreated WS briquettes gave very low sugar yields (22-29% of the cellulose content), even though preheating at 125°C prior to briquetting (without pretreatment) improved sugar yields somewhat. When combined with pretreatment, briquetting with preheating showed neutral or negative effects on sugar yield. This result suggests that moderate preheating (75°C for 5 min) before briquetting improved bulk density and compressive resistance of briquettes without impeding subsequent enzymatic conversion. However, excessive preheating (75 or 125°C for 10 min) before briquetting may result in irreversible structural modifications that hinder the interaction between biomass and water during pretreatment, thereby decreasing the accessibility of cellulose to enzymatic saccharification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Gong
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Sune Tjalfe Thomsen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth G Thygesen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Claus Felby
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Wang J, Chen X, Chio C, Yang C, Su E, Jin Y, Cao F, Qin W. Delignification overmatches hemicellulose removal for improving hydrolysis of wheat straw using the enzyme cocktail from Aspergillus niger. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 274:459-467. [PMID: 30553086 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Based on a general understanding that hemicellulose removal is more efficient than delignification for biomass deconstruction, an Aspergillus niger strain producing high xylanase activity was screened out from seventeen strains by clear halo experiments. Low-cost enzyme cocktail with high xylanase activity was produced from wheat straw medium fermented by the Gyx086 strain. The enzyme cocktail with high xylanase activity could more effectively hydrolyze wheat straw than other biomasses. However, only 30% of total carbohydrates could be hydrolyzed to reducing sugar in untreated wheat straw. Further enzymatic hydrolysis and pretreated trials were carried out, the results indicated that hemicellulose removal was less effective than delignification for de-recalcitrance of wheat straw and the crystallinity is little interference with the hydrolysis process. Delignified wheat straw was near-completely hydrolyzed by the enzyme cocktail in 60 h. This study advanced the knowledge in promoting wheat straw as feedstock for bio-based industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Ontario P7B 5E1, Canada; Co-innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xuntong Chen
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Ontario P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Chonlong Chio
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Ontario P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Ontario P7B 5E1, Canada; Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Tianyuan 030031, China
| | - Erzheng Su
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Fuliang Cao
- Co-innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wensheng Qin
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Ontario P7B 5E1, Canada.
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Mohapatra S, Mishra C, Merritt BB, Pattathil S, Thatoi H. Evaluating the Role of Ultrasonication-Assisted Alkali Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis on Cellwall Polysaccharides of Pennisetum
Grass Varieties as Potential Biofuel Feedstock. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Mohapatra
- Department of Biotechnology; College of Engineering and Technology; Biju Pattnaik University of Technology; Bhubaneswar- 751003 India
| | - Chinmaya Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology; College of Engineering and Technology; Biju Pattnaik University of Technology; Bhubaneswar- 751003 India
| | - Brian B Merritt
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center; University of Georgia, GA 30602 USA and BioEnergy Science Center (BESC); Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
| | - Sivakumar Pattathil
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center; University of Georgia, GA 30602 USA and BioEnergy Science Center (BESC); Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
| | - Hrudayanath Thatoi
- Department of Biotechnology; North Orissa University; Sriram Chandra vihar, Takatpur Baripada- 757003, Odisha India
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Igielski S, Kjellerup BV, Davis AP. Understanding urban stormwater denitrification in bioretention internal water storage zones. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2019; 91:32-44. [PMID: 30682230 DOI: 10.2175/106143017x15131012188024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Conventional free-draining bioretention systems promote nitrate production and continual leaching to receiving waters. In this study, laboratory tests demonstrated the efficacy of an internal water storage zone (IWSZ) to target nitrate removal via denitrification. Experimental results confirmed that the carbon substrate characteristics (Willow Oak woodchip media) and the hydraulic retention time of nitrified stormwater affected nitrate removal performance. A 2.6-day batch treatment time reduced 3.0 mg-N/L to <0.01 mg/L, corresponding to a first-order denitrification rate constant of 0.0011 min-1 . Under various flow conditions, the associated hydraulic retention time may be used as a predictive measurement of nitrate removal performance. Scanning electron microscopy and 16S rRNA analysis of the woodchips showed that biofilms were present that could be responsible for anaerobic lignocellulose degradation and denitrification. This knowledge, along with evaluation of the biofilm community composition, reinforced the notion of a heterogeneous structure due to nutrient availability and hydrodynamic conditions. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Denitrification can occur using woodchips in a bioretention internal water storage zone. The denitrification rate is slow and may be limited during field-scale applications. A woodchip pretreatment did not provide long-term enhancement to the denitrification rate. Denitrification bacteria were found in the internal water storage zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Igielski
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Birthe V Kjellerup
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Allen P Davis
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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Significance and Challenges of Biomass as a Suitable Feedstock for Bioenergy and Biochemical Production: A Review. ENERGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/en11123366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Fossil fuels have been a major contributor to greenhouse gases, the amounts of which could be reduced if biofuels such as bioethanol and biodiesel were used for transportation. One of the most promising biofuels is ethyl alcohol. In 2015, the world production of ethanol was 25.6 billion gallons and the USA, Brazil, China, the European Union, and 28 other countries have set targets for blending ethanol with gasoline. The two major bio-source materials used for ethanol production are corn and sugarcane. For 1st generation biofuels, sugarcane and corn feedstocks are not able to fulfill the current demand for alcohol. Non-edible lignocellulosic biomass is an alternative bio-source for creating 2nd generation biofuels and algae biomass for 3rd and 4th generation biofuels. This review discusses the significance of biomass for the different generations of biofuels, and biochemical and thermochemical processes, and the significance of biorefinery products.
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Morone A, Chakrabarti T, Pandey RA. Effect of chemical input during wet air oxidation pretreatment of rice straw in reducing biomass recalcitrance and enhancing cellulose accessibility. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-018-0129-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Li J, Lu M, Guo X, Zhang H, Li Y, Han L. Insights into the improvement of alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) pretreatment on the enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover: Chemical and microstructural analyses. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 265:1-7. [PMID: 29860078 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.05.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) pretreatment (0.5 g H2O2/g corn stover, 30 °C, 24 h) removed 91.53% of the initial lignin and 55.77% of the initial hemicellulose in corn stover and afforded a considerable glucose yield (88.34%) through enzymatic hydrolysis. A combination of chemical and microstructural analyses was used to illustrate the mechanism of the effect of AHP pretreatment on enzymatic hydrolysis. During pretreatment, H2O2-derived radicals effectively spread into and destroyed the cell wall of various parts (vascular bundle sheath, xylem vessels, tracheid, phloem, and parenchyma) of corn stover to remove most of the lignin, acetyl group, and partial hemicellulose. They destroyed the compact structure of the cellulose-hemicellulose-lignin network, increased the cellulase-accessible pore volume by 6 times, doubled the area of exposed cellulose, and decreased the unproductive adsorption of enzymes onto lignin. Combining all the effects, AHP pretreatment effectively improved the cellulose accessibility to enhance the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbao Li
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University (East Campus), 17 Qing-Hua-Dong-Lu, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Minsheng Lu
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University (East Campus), 17 Qing-Hua-Dong-Lu, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xiaomiao Guo
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University (East Campus), 17 Qing-Hua-Dong-Lu, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University (East Campus), 17 Qing-Hua-Dong-Lu, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yaping Li
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University (East Campus), 17 Qing-Hua-Dong-Lu, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Lujia Han
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University (East Campus), 17 Qing-Hua-Dong-Lu, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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Moyer P, Kim K, Abdoulmoumine N, Chmely SC, Long BK, Carrier DJ, Labbé N. Structural changes in lignocellulosic biomass during activation with ionic liquids comprising 3-methylimidazolium cations and carboxylate anions. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:265. [PMID: 30275905 PMCID: PMC6158905 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass requires either pretreatment and/or fractionation to recover its individual components for further use as intermediate building blocks for producing fuels, chemicals, and products. Numerous ionic liquids (ILs) have been investigated for biomass pretreatment or fractionation due to their ability to activate lignocellulosic biomass, thereby reducing biomass recalcitrance with minimal impact on its structural components. In this work, we studied and compared 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium formate ([AMIM][HCOO]) to the commonly used 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM][CH3COO]) for its potential to activate hybrid poplar biomass and enable high cellulose and hemicellulose enzymatic conversion. Although [EMIM][CH3COO] has been widely used for activation, [AMIM][HCOO] was recently identified to achieve higher biomass solubility, with an increase of 40% over [EMIM][CH3COO]. RESULTS Since IL activation is essentially an early stage of IL dissolution, we assessed the recalcitrance of [EMIM][CH3COO] and [AMIM][HCOO]-activated biomass through a suite of analytical tools. More specifically, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction showed that activation using [AMIM][HCOO] does not deacetylate hybrid poplar as readily as [EMIM][CH3COO] and preserves the crystallinity of the cellulose fraction, respectively. This was supported by scanning electron microscopy and enzymatic saccharification experiments in which [EMIM][CH3COO]-activated biomass yielded almost twice the cellulose and hemicellulose conversion as compared to [AMIM][HCOO]-activated biomass. CONCLUSION We conclude that the IL [AMIM][HCOO] is better suited for biomass dissolution and direct product formation, whereas [EMIM][CH3COO] remains the better IL for biomass activation and fractionation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preenaa Moyer
- Center for Renewable Carbon, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Keonhee Kim
- Center for Renewable Carbon, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Nourredine Abdoulmoumine
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Stephen C. Chmely
- Center for Renewable Carbon, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Brian K. Long
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Danielle Julie Carrier
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Nicole Labbé
- Center for Renewable Carbon, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
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50
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Ge S, Chen X, Li D, Liu Z, Ouyang H, Peng W, Zhang Z. Hemicellulose structural changes during steam pretreatment and biogradation of Lentinus edodes. ARAB J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2017.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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