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Gaur S, Kaur M, Kalra R, Rene ER, Goel M. Application of microbial resources in biorefineries: Current trend and future prospects. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28615. [PMID: 38628756 PMCID: PMC11019186 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The recent growing interest in sustainable and alternative sources of energy and bio-based products has driven the paradigm shift to an integrated model termed "biorefinery." Biorefinery framework implements the concepts of novel eco-technologies and eco-efficient processes for the sustainable production of energy and value-added biomolecules. The utilization of microbial resources for the production of various value-added products has been documented in the literatures. However, the appointment of these microbial resources in integrated resource management requires a better understanding of their status. The main of aim of this review is to provide an overview on the defined positioning and overall contribution of the microbial resources, i.e., algae, fungi and bacteria, for various bioprocesses and generation of multiple products from a single biorefinery. By utilizing waste material as a feedstock, biofuels can be generated by microalgae while sequestering environmental carbon and producing value added compounds as by-products. In parallel, fungal biorefineries are prolific producers of lignocellulose degrading enzymes along with pharmaceutically important novel products. Conversely, bacterial biorefineries emerge as a preferred platform for the transformation of standard cells into proficient bio-factories, developing chassis and turbo cells for enhanced target compound production. This comprehensive review is poised to offer an intricate exploration of the current trends, obstacles, and prospective pathways of microbial biorefineries, for the development of future biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchitra Gaur
- Sustainable Agriculture Program, The Energy and Resources Institute, TERI-Gram, Gurugram, 122001, Haryana, India
| | - Mehak Kaur
- Sustainable Agriculture Program, The Energy and Resources Institute, TERI-Gram, Gurugram, 122001, Haryana, India
| | - Rishu Kalra
- Sustainable Agriculture Program, The Energy and Resources Institute, TERI-Gram, Gurugram, 122001, Haryana, India
| | - Eldon R. Rene
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, Delft, 2601DA, the Netherlands
| | - Mayurika Goel
- Sustainable Agriculture Program, The Energy and Resources Institute, TERI-Gram, Gurugram, 122001, Haryana, India
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Thomas NM, Sathasivam V, Thirunavukarasu M, Muthukrishnan A, Muthukrishnan S, Rajkumar V, Velusamy G, Packiaraj G. Influence of Borassus flabellifer Endocarps Hydrolysate on Fungal Biomass and Fatty Acids Production by the Marine Fungus Aspergillus sp. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:923-948. [PMID: 37273094 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04588-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) are important nutrients for human health. We aimed to evaluate the efficiency of marine water fungus Aspergillus sp. (Accession no: MZ505709) for lipid biosynthesis. The Yeast Extract Glucose (YEG) medium was supplemented with different concentration of Borassus flabellifer Endocarps Hydrolysate (BFEH; 1-5%) to evaluate the fungal biomass and its lipid accumulation. The combination of glucose and BFEH as carbon source increased the fresh weight (25.43 ± 0.33 g/L), dry weight (21.39 ± 0.77 g/L) and lipid yield (3.14 ± 0.09 g/L) of fungal biomass. The lipid content of dried fungal biomass has shown 91.08 ± 5.07 mg cod liver oil equivalents/g and 125.98 ± 5.96 mg groundnut oil equivalents/g biomass. GC-MS and NMR spectrometry analysis revealed the compounds involved in fatty acid metabolism and lipid signaling pathways along with the presence of linolenic acid. Interestingly, fungus grown in BFEH enriched medium has recorded the maximum amount of lipids with major fatty acid derivatives. Increase in the growth rate of Artemia franciscana was observed, when the extracted fungal lipid was supplemented as a food supplement. Therefore, this study suggests that marine fungal lipid may serve as potential natural compound as nutraceuticals and aquafeeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Mary Thomas
- Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinoth Sathasivam
- Department of Biotechnology, Sona College of Arts and Science, Salem, 636 005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Arun Muthukrishnan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | - Gayathri Velusamy
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
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Umbelopsis (Mucoromycota) from Patagonia, Argentina: identification, phylogenetic analysis, and expression profiling of lipase activity and lipid accumulation in selected isolates. Mycol Prog 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-023-01866-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Hazeena SH, Shurpali NJ, Siljanen H, Lappalainen R, Anoop P, Adarsh VP, Sindhu R, Pandey A, Binod P. Bioprocess development of 2, 3-butanediol production using agro-industrial residues. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2022; 45:1527-1537. [PMID: 35960335 PMCID: PMC9399043 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02761-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The valorization of agricultural and industrial wastes for fuel and chemical production benefits environmental sustainability. 2, 3-Butanediol (2,3-BDO) is a value-added platform chemical covering many industrial applications. Since the global market is increasing drastically, production rates have to increase. In order to replace the current petroleum-based 2,3-BDO production, renewable feedstock's ability has been studied for the past few decades. This study aims to find an improved bioprocess for producing 2,3-BDO from agricultural and industrial residues, consequently resulting in a low CO2 emission bioprocess. For this, screening of 13 different biomass samples for hydrolyzable sugars has been done. Alkali pretreatment has been performed with the processed biomass and enzyme hydrolysis performed using commercial cellulase. Among all biomass hydrolysate oat hull and spruce bark biomass could produce the maximum amount of total reducing sugars. Later oat hull and spruce bark biomass with maximum hydrolyzable sugars have been selected for submerged fermentation studies using Enterobacter cloacae SG1. After fermentation, 37.59 and 26.74 g/L of 2,3-BDO was obtained with oat hull and spruce bark biomass, respectively. The compositional analysis of each step of biomass processing has been performed and changes in each component have been evaluated. The compositional analysis has revealed that biomass composition has changed significantly after pretreatment and hydrolysis leading to a remarkable release of sugars which can be utilized by bacteria for 2,3-BDO production. The results have been found to be promising, showing the potential of waste biomass residues as a low-cost raw material for 2,3-BDO production and thus a new lead in an efficient waste management approach for less CO2 emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulfath Hakkim Hazeena
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Narasinha J Shurpali
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio campus, Kuopio, Finland.
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Halolantie 31 A, 71750, Maaninka, FI, Finland.
| | - Henri Siljanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio campus, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Reijo Lappalainen
- Biomaterials Technology, Dept. of Applied Physics & SIB-Labs, University of Eastern Finland (Kuopio Campus), Yliopistonranta 1 F, 70211, Kuopio, FI, Finland
| | - Puthiyamdam Anoop
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Velayudhanpillai Prasannakumari Adarsh
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226 001, India
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, 248 007, Dehradun, India
- Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, 226 029, India
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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Gufrana T, Islam H, Khare S, Pandey A, P R. In-situ transesterification of single-cell oil for biodiesel production: a review. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 53:120-135. [PMID: 35499507 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2022.2065684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, biodiesel synthesis and production demands have increased because of its high degradability, cleaner emissions, non-toxicity, and an alternative to petroleum diesel. In this context, Single Cell Oil (SCO) has been identified as an alternative feedstock, having the advantage of accumulating high intracellular lipid. SCO/microbial lipids are potential alternatives for sustainable biodiesel production. The traditional technique for biodiesel production from the oils obtained from microbes generally requires two steps: lipid extraction and transesterification. In-situ transesterification is an innovative and renewable process for biodiesel production. It rules out the need to isolate and refine the feedstock lipid, as it directly uses biomass in a single step, i.e., the pretreated biomass will be subjected to in-situ transesterification in the presence of catalysts. Hence, the production cost can be reduced by eliminating the lipid extraction procedure. The current review focuses on the basic features and advantages of in-situ transesterification of SCO for biodiesel production with the aid of short-chain alcohols along with different acid, base, and enzyme catalysts. In addition, a comparative study was carried out to highlight the merits of in-situ transesterification over conventional transesterification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasneem Gufrana
- Bioprocess and Bioseparation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hasibul Islam
- Bioprocess and Bioseparation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shivani Khare
- Bioprocess and Bioseparation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ankita Pandey
- Bioprocess and Bioseparation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Radha P
- Bioprocess and Bioseparation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Joshi A, Verma KK, D Rajput V, Minkina T, Arora J. Recent advances in metabolic engineering of microorganisms for advancing lignocellulose-derived biofuels. Bioengineered 2022; 13:8135-8163. [PMID: 35297313 PMCID: PMC9161965 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2051856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Combating climate change and ensuring energy supply to a rapidly growing global population has highlighted the need to replace petroleum fuels with clean, and sustainable renewable fuels. Biofuels offer a solution to safeguard energy security with reduced ecological footprint and process economics. Over the past years, lignocellulosic biomass has become the most preferred raw material for the production of biofuels, such as fuel, alcohol, biodiesel, and biohydrogen. However, the cost-effective conversion of lignocellulose into biofuels remains an unsolved challenge at the industrial scale. Recently, intensive efforts have been made in lignocellulose feedstock and microbial engineering to address this problem. By improving the biological pathways leading to the polysaccharide, lignin, and lipid biosynthesis, limited success has been achieved, and still needs to improve sustainable biofuel production. Impressive success is being achieved by the retouring metabolic pathways of different microbial hosts. Several robust phenotypes, mostly from bacteria and yeast domains, have been successfully constructed with improved substrate spectrum, product yield and sturdiness against hydrolysate toxins. Cyanobacteria is also being explored for metabolic advancement in recent years, however, it also remained underdeveloped to generate commercialized biofuels. The bacterium Escherichia coli and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains are also being engineered to have cell surfaces displaying hydrolytic enzymes, which holds much promise for near-term scale-up and biorefinery use. Looking forward, future advances to achieve economically feasible production of lignocellulosic-based biofuels with special focus on designing more efficient metabolic pathways coupled with screening, and engineering of novel enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Joshi
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Technology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur313001, India
| | - Krishan K. Verma
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic improvement/Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning - 530007, China
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090, Russia
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090, Russia
| | - Jaya Arora
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Technology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur313001, India,CONTACT Jaya Arora Laboratory of Biomolecular Technology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur313001, India
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Srinivasan N, Thangavelu K, Sekar A, Sanjeev B, Uthandi S. Aspergillus caespitosus ASEF14, an oleaginous fungus as a potential candidate for biodiesel production using sago processing wastewater (SWW). Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:179. [PMID: 34503534 PMCID: PMC8427899 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01667-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oleaginous microorganisms are sustainable alternatives for the production of biodiesel. Among them, oleaginous fungi are known for their rapid growth, short life cycles, no light requirement, easy scalability, and the ability to grow in cheap organic resources. Among all the sources used for biodiesel production, industrial wastewater streams have been least explored. We used oleaginous fungi to decontaminate sago processing wastewater and produce biodiesel. Results Among the 15 isolates screened for lipid production and starch utilization using the Nile red staining assay and amylase plate screening, three isolates accumulated > 20% (w/w) of their dry cell mass as lipids. The isolate ASEF14 exhibited the highest lipid accumulation (> 40%) and was identified as Aspergillus caespitosus based on the 28S rRNA gene sequencing. The maximum lipid content of 54.4% in synthetic medium (SM) and 37.2% in sago processing wastewater (SWW) was produced by the strain. The Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of the fungal oil revealed the presence of functional peaks corresponding to major lipids. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the FTIR data revealed major changes in the fatty acid composition during the transition from the growth phase (Days 1–3) to the lipid accumulation phase (Days 4–7). The fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) analysis of fungal oil from SWW contained 43.82% and 9.62% of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, respectively. The composition and percentage of individual FAME derived from SWW were different from SM, indicating the effect of nutrient and fermentation time. The fuel attributes of the SM- and SWW-grown fungal biodiesel (kinematic viscosity, iodine value, cetane number, cloud and pour point, linolenic acid content, FA > 4 double bonds) met international (ASTM D6751, EN 14214) and national (IS 15607) biodiesel standards. In addition to biodiesel production, the strain removed various contaminants such as total solids (TS), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and cyanide up to 58.6%, 53.0%, 35.2%, 94.5%, 89.3%, 91.3%, 74.0%, 47.0%, and 53.84%, respectively, from SWW. Conclusion These findings suggested that A. caespitosus ASEF14 is a potential candidate with high lipid accumulating ability (37.27%), capable of using SWW as the primary growth medium. The medium and incubation time alter the FAME profile of this fungus. The physical properties of fungal oil were in accordance with the biodiesel standards. Moreover, it decontaminated SWW by reducing several polluting nutrients and toxicants. The fungal biodiesel produced by this cost-effective method could serve as an alternate path to meet global energy demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naganandhini Srinivasan
- Biocatalysts Laboratory, Deptartment of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, India
| | - Kiruthika Thangavelu
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College & Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, India
| | - Ashika Sekar
- Biocatalysts Laboratory, Deptartment of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, India
| | - B Sanjeev
- Biocatalysts Laboratory, Deptartment of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, India
| | - Sivakumar Uthandi
- Biocatalysts Laboratory, Deptartment of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641 003, India.
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Mahmoud YAG, Abd El-Zaher EH. Recent advancements in biofuels production with a special attention to fungi. SUSTAINABLE BIOFUELS 2021:73-99. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-820297-5.00009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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9
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Fungal Biorefineries for Biofuel Production for Sustainable Future Energy Systems. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-68260-6_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Asci F, Aydin B, Akkus GU, Unal A, Erdogmus SF, Korcan SE, Jahan I. Fatty acid methyl ester analysis of Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from fruit pulps for biodiesel production using GC-MS spectrometry. Bioengineered 2020; 11:408-415. [PMID: 32175810 PMCID: PMC7161539 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1739379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a total of six fungal samples were isolated from apple, strawberry and orange pulp. DNA sequence analysis was used as molecular identification method. ITS region was aligned in DNA sequence analysis, and an algorithm sequence similarity was done using BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) program to identify these isolates. All the six isolates were identified as Aspergillus fumigates. The total lipid content was varied in the isolates which were ranged from 29.4 to 21.0 mg/100 ml. Moreover, the obtained lipid form mycelium biomass of the isolates was transesterified by a base catalyst. The methyl esters were analyzed by using GC-MS. GC-MS Spectrometry revealed the presence of different fatty acids with long chain (C11:0, C15:0, C17:1, C18:2, C16:1). High efficiency biodiesel can be obtained using long-chain fatty acids. Fatty acid profiles of A. fumigatus isolated from different fruit pulps have confirmed its potentiality as well as showed the beneficial utilization of these fatty acids for biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferruh Asci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Busra Aydin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Usak University, Usak, Turkey
| | | | - Arzu Unal
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Igdir University, Igdir, Turkey
| | - Sevim Feyza Erdogmus
- Department of Medical Service and Techniques, Suhut Vocational School of Health Services, Afyonkarahisar Health Science University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | | | - Israt Jahan
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Hashem AH, Suleiman WB, Abu-elreesh G, Shehabeldine AM, Khalil AMA. Sustainable lipid production from oleaginous fungus Syncephalastrum racemosum using synthetic and watermelon peel waste media. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2020.100569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lipid Accumulation by Xylose Metabolism Engineered Mucor circinelloides Strains on Corn Straw Hydrolysate. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 193:856-868. [PMID: 33200265 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03427-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we presented a novel approach for increasing the consumption of xylose and the lipid yield by overexpressing the genes coding for xylose isomerase (XI) and xylulokinase (XK) in Mucor circinelloides. In the present study, an in-depth analysis of lipid accumulation by xylose metabolism engineered M. circinelloides strains (namely Mc-XI and Mc-XK) using corn straw hydrolysate was to be explored. The results showed that the fatty acid contents of the engineered M. circinelloides strains were, respectively, increased by 19.8% (in Mc-XI) and 22.3% (in Mc-XK) when compared with the control strain, even though a slightly decreased biomass in these engineered strains was detected. Moreover, the xylose uptake rates of engineered strains in the corn straw hydrolysate were improved significantly by 71.5% (in Mc-XI) and 68.8% (in Mc-XK), respectively, when compared with the control strain. Maybe the increased utilization of xylose led to an increase in lipid synthesis. When the recombinant M. circinelloides strains were cultured in corn straw hydrolysate medium with the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio) of 50 and initial pH of 6.0, at 30 °C and 500 rpm for 144 h, a total biomass of 12.6-12.9 g/L with a lipid content of 17.2-17.7% (corresponding to a lipid yield of 2.17-2.28 g/L) was achieved. Our study provides a foundation for the further application of the engineered M. circinelloides strains to produce lipid from lignocelluloses.
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Comparative Analysis of Different Isolated Oleaginous Mucoromycota Fungi for Their γ-Linolenic Acid and Carotenoid Production. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3621543. [PMID: 33204691 PMCID: PMC7665918 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3621543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
γ-Linolenic acid (GLA) and carotenoids have attracted much interest due to their nutraceutical and pharmaceutical importance. Mucoromycota, typical oleaginous filamentous fungi, are known for their production of valuable essential fatty acids and carotenoids. In the present study, 81 fungal strains were isolated from different Egyptian localities, out of which 11 Mucoromycota were selected for further GLA and carotenoid investigation. Comparative analysis of total lipids by GC of selected isolates showed that GLA content was the highest in Rhizomucor pusillus AUMC 11616.A, Mucor circinelloides AUMC 6696.A, and M. hiemalis AUMC 6031 that represented 0.213, 0.211, and 0.20% of CDW, respectively. Carotenoid analysis of selected isolates by spectrophotometer demonstrated that the highest yield of total carotenoids (640 μg/g) was exhibited by M. hiemalis AUMC 6031 and M. hiemalis AUMC 6695, and these isolates were found to have a similar carotenoid profile with, β-carotene (65%), zeaxanthin (34%), astaxanthin, and canthaxanthin (5%) of total carotenoids. The total fatty acids of all tested isolates showed moderate antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Typhi, and Penicillium chrysogenum. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the highest yield of total lipid accumulation (51.74% CDW) by a new oleaginous fungal isolate R. pusillus AUMC 11616.A. A new scope for a further study on this strain will be established to optimize and improve its total lipids with high GLA production. So, R. pusillus AUMC 11616.A might be a potential candidate for industrial application.
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Dzurendova S, Zimmermann B, Tafintseva V, Kohler A, Ekeberg D, Shapaval V. The influence of phosphorus source and the nature of nitrogen substrate on the biomass production and lipid accumulation in oleaginous Mucoromycota fungi. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:8065-8076. [PMID: 32789746 PMCID: PMC7447667 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10821-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Oleaginous filamentous fungi grown under the nitrogen limitation, accumulate high amounts of lipids in the form of triacylglycerides (TAGs) with fatty acid profiles similar to plant and fish oils. In this study, we investigate the effect of six phosphorus source concentrations combined with two types of nitrogen substrate (yeast extract and ammonium sulphate), on the biomass formation, lipid production, and fatty acid profile for nine oleaginous Mucoromycota fungi. The analysis of fatty acid profiles was performed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and the lipid yield was estimated gravimetrically. Yeast extract could be used as both nitrogen and phosphorus source, without additional inorganic phosphorus supplementation. The use of inorganic nitrogen source (ammonium sulphate) requires strain-specific optimization of phosphorus source amount to obtain optimal lipid production regarding quantity and fatty acid profiles. Lipid production was decreased in ammonium sulphate-based media when phosphorus source was limited in all strains except for Rhizopus stolonifer. High phosphorus source concentration inhibited the growth of Mortierella fungi. The biomass (22 g/L) and lipid (14 g/L) yield of Umbelopsis vinacea was the highest among all the tested strains. Key points • The strain specific P requirements of Mucoromycota depend on the nature of N source. • Yeast extract leads to consistent biomass and lipid yield and fatty acids profiles. • Umbelopsis vinacea showed the highest biomass (22 g/L) and lipid (14 g/L) yield. • High P source amounts inhibit the growth of Mortierella fungi. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00253-020-10821-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Dzurendova
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Droebakveien 31, 1430, Aas, Norway.
| | - Boris Zimmermann
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Droebakveien 31, 1430, Aas, Norway
| | - Valeria Tafintseva
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Droebakveien 31, 1430, Aas, Norway
| | - Achim Kohler
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Droebakveien 31, 1430, Aas, Norway
| | - Dag Ekeberg
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Christian Magnus Falsens vei 1, 1433, Aas, Norway
| | - Volha Shapaval
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Droebakveien 31, 1430, Aas, Norway
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Systematic genome analysis of a novel arachidonic acid-producing strain uncovered unique metabolic traits in the production of acetyl-CoA-derived products in Mortierellale fungi. Gene 2020; 741:144559. [PMID: 32169630 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The fungi in order Mortierellales are attractive producers for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Here, the genome sequencing and assembly of a novel strain of Mortierella sp. BCC40632 were done, yielding 65 contigs spanning of 49,964,116 total bases with predicted 12,149 protein-coding genes. We focused on the acetyl-CoA in relevant to its derived metabolic pathways for biosynthesis of macromolecules with biological functions, including PUFAs, eicosanoids and carotenoids. By comparative genome analysis between Mortierellales and Mucorales, the signature genetic characteristics of the arachidonic acid-producing strains, including Δ5-desaturase and GLELO-like elongase, were also identified in the strain BCC40632. Remarkably, this fungal strain contained only n-6 pathway of PUFA biosynthesis due to the absence of Δ15-desaturase or ω3-desaturase gene in contrast to other Mortierella species. Four putative enzyme sequences in the eicosanoid biosynthetic pathways were identified in the strain BCC40632 and others Mortierellale fungi, but were not detected in the Mucorales. Another unique metabolic trait of the Mortierellales was the inability in carotenoid synthesis as a result of the lack of phytoene synthase and phytoene desaturase genes. The findings provide a perspective in strain optimization for production of tailored-made products with industrial applications.
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16
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Liu Y, Zheng J, Xiao J, He X, Zhang K, Yuan S, Peng Z, Chen Z, Lin X. Enhanced Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Lignin Extraction of Wheat Straw by Triethylbenzyl Ammonium Chloride/Lactic Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent Pretreatment. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:19829-19839. [PMID: 31788615 PMCID: PMC6882130 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and feasible pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass waste is an important prerequisite step to promote subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis and enhance the economics of biofuels production. This study focuses on the pretreatment of wheat straw (WS) with triethylbenzyl ammonium chloride/lactic acid (TEBAC/LA)-based deep eutectic solvents to enhance biomass fractionation and lignin extraction. Effects of pretreatment time, temperature, and TEBAC/LA molar ratio on pretreatment were evaluated systematically. Results suggested that 89.06 ± 1.05% of cellulose and 71.00 ± 1.03% of xylan were hydrolyzed with enzyme loadings of 35 FPU cellulase and 82 CBU β-glucosidase (per gram of dry biomass) after pretreatment by TEBAC/LA (1:9) at 373 K for 10 h. A total monosaccharide yield of 0.550 g/g WS (91.27% of the theoretical yield) was achieved with 79.73 ± 0.93% of lignin removal. Furthermore, the 1H-13C two-dimensional heteronuclear single quantum correlation (2D-HSQC) NMR spectroscopy showed that the regenerated lignin (75.69 ± 1.32% purity) was mainly composed of the syringyl units and the guaiacyl units. Overall, the results in this study provide an effective and facile pretreatment method for lignocellulosic biomass waste to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis saccharification.
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Ikram MM, Hanif MA, Khan GS, Rashid U, Nadeem F. Significant Seed Oil Feedstocks for Renewable Production of Biodiesel: A Review. CURR ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666190417103550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
The rapidly increasing demand for biodiesel is now tying agriculture and energy
more closely than ever. Biodiesel may be one of the key ways to pump immediate
life into the flaccid economy of many underdeveloped countries. The present review critically
describes leading potential feedstocks available for biodiesel production based on a
full life-cycle analysis which comprises major producer countries, important cultivation
practices and major fatty acid compositions of the produced biodiesel. This article provides
a comprehensive approach about the twenty leading plant sources which can contribute
to enhance biodiesel production throughout the world along with their production
methodologies, physical and chemical fuel quality parameters and analytical techniques
for the assessment of the quality of the prepared biodiesel. Biodiesel has become further
interesting in recent years because of its eco-friendly benefits and the fact that it is made from renewable and
sustainable resources. A wide literature review was conducted and the major fatty acid composition of various
vegetable oils was discussed as it significantly affects biodiesel properties. Lipids obtained from filamentous
fungi, for example, Cunninghamella echinulata exhibit great promise for biofuel production. Finally, this review
will be helpful in promoting the development of biodiesel by several countries not only by extending scientific
research and knowledge but also through the introduction of policies and expressing reasons underlying
these policies.
Conclusion:
This review explains the potential feedstocks for renewable production of biodiesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza Muhammad Ikram
- Nano and Biomaterials Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif Hanif
- Nano and Biomaterials Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
| | - Ghufrana Samin Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology (Lahore), Faisalabad Campus, Pakistan
| | - Umer Rashid
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Farwa Nadeem
- Nano and Biomaterials Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
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18
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Yao Q, Chen H, Wang S, Tang X, Gu Z, Zhang H, Chen W, Chen YQ. An efficient strategy for screening polyunsaturated fatty acid-producing oleaginous filamentous fungi from soil. J Microbiol Methods 2019; 158:80-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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19
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Ahmad FB, Zhang Z, Doherty WO, O’Hara IM. The prospect of microbial oil production and applications from oil palm biomass. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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20
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Cai G, Moghaddam L, O'Hara IM, Zhang Z. Microbial oil production from acidified glycerol pretreated sugarcane bagasse by Mortierella isabellina. RSC Adv 2019; 9:2539-2550. [PMID: 35520487 PMCID: PMC9059841 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08971j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An integrated microbial oil production process consisting of acidified glycerol pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse, enzymatic hydrolysis, microbial oil production by Mortierella isabellina NRRL 1757 and oil recovery by hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of fungal biomass in fermentation broth was assessed in this study. Following pretreatment, the effect of residual pretreatment hydrolysate (containing glycerol) on enzymatic hydrolysis was firstly studied. The residual pretreatment hydrolysate (corresponding to 2.0–7.5% glycerol) improved glucan enzymatic digestibilities by 10–11% compared to the enzymatic hydrolysis in water (no buffer). Although residual pretreatment hydrolysate at 2.0–5.0% glycerol slightly inhibited the consumption of glucose in enzymatic hydrolysate by M. isabellina NRRL 1757, it did not affect microbial oil production due to the consumption of similar amounts of total carbon sources including glycerol. When the cultivation was scaled-up to a 1 L bioreactor, glucose was consumed more rapidly but glycerol assimilation was inhibited. Finally, HTL of fungal biomass in fermentation broth without any catalyst at 340 °C for 60 min efficiently recovered microbial oils from fungal biomass and achieved a bio-oil yield of 78.7% with fatty acids being the dominant oil components (∼89%). HTL also led to the hydrogenation of less saturated fatty acids (C18:2 and C18:3) to more saturated forms (C18:0 and C18:1). A microbial oil production process consisting of acidified glycerol pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse, enzymatic hydrolysis, microbial oil production by M. isabellina NRRL 1757 and oil recovery by hydrothermal liquefaction of fungal biomass in fermentation broth was assessed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqin Cai
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Lalehvash Moghaddam
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Ian M. O'Hara
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane
- Australia
| | - Zhanying Zhang
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities
- Queensland University of Technology
- Brisbane
- Australia
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21
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Song M, Pei H. The growth and lipid accumulation of Scenedesmus quadricauda during batch mixotrophic/heterotrophic cultivation using xylose as a carbon source. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 263:525-531. [PMID: 29778023 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To overcome the bottlenecks of high cost and low production yields that restrict the commercial production of microalgae biodiesel, the use of xylose was evaluate by Scenedesmus quadricauda FACHB-1297, which was shown to be capable of mixotrophic and heterotrophic growth and lipid production on xylose, rich in the waste streams from pulp and paper industry, with increases in lipid productivities of 35.8-fold (mixotrophic) and 9.2-fold (heterotrophic) in comparison to photoautotrophic lipid yields. Five doses of xylose were tested to determine the effects and mechanisms of the carbon source on microalgae in mixotrophic mode. At the optimal xylose dosage of 4 g/L, the highest lipid content (38.61%) and productivity (139.55 mg/L/d) were achieved besides maximum biomass productivity (361.4 mg/L/d), nutrient removal efficiency of 68.4% (nitrogen), 97.2% (phosphorus) and 35.2% (xylose). Those indicated that S. quadricauda FACHB-1297 was suitable for further development of using xylose from certain waste streams for biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Song
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250353, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education/Shandong Province, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, PR China
| | - Haiyan Pei
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Centre on Environmental Science and Technology, 17923 Jingshi Road, Jinan 250061, PR China.
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22
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Brandt SC, Ellinger B, van Nguyen T, Thi QD, van Nguyen G, Baschien C, Yurkov A, Hahnke RL, Schäfer W, Gand M. A unique fungal strain collection from Vietnam characterized for high performance degraders of bioecological important biopolymers and lipids. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202695. [PMID: 30161149 PMCID: PMC6117010 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal strains are abundantly used throughout all areas of biotechnology and many of them are adapted to degrade complex biopolymers like chitin or lignocellulose. We therefore assembled a collection of 295 fungi from nine different habitats in Vietnam, known for its rich biodiversity, and investigated their cellulase, chitinase, xylanase and lipase activity. The collection consists of 70 isolates from wood, 55 from soil, 44 from rice straw, 3 found on fruits, 24 from oil environments (butchery), 12 from hot springs, 47 from insects as well as 27 from shrimp shells and 13 strains from crab shells. These strains were cultivated and selected by growth differences to enrich phenotypes, resulting in 211 visually different fungi. DNA isolation of 183 isolates and phylogenetic analysis was performed and 164 species were identified. All were subjected to enzyme activity assays, yielding high activities for every investigated enzyme set. In general, enzyme activity corresponded with the environment of which the strain was isolated from. Therefore, highest cellulase activity strains were isolated from wood substrates, rice straw and soil and similar substrate effects were observed for chitinase and lipase activity. Xylanase activity was similarly distributed as cellulase activity, but substantial activity was also found from fungi isolated from insects and shrimp shells. Seven strains displayed significant activities against three of the four tested substrates, while three degraded all four investigated carbon sources. The collection will be an important source for further studies. Therefore representative strains were made available to the scientific community and deposited in the public collection of the Leibniz-Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie C. Brandt
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology, University Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Ellinger
- Department ScreeningPort, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thuat van Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology, University Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Quyen Dinh Thi
- Institue of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Giang van Nguyen
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trâu Quỳ, Gia Lâm, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Christiane Baschien
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ—German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andrey Yurkov
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ—German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Richard L. Hahnke
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ—German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Schäfer
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology, University Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Gand
- Department of Molecular Phytopathology, University Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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23
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Microbial conversion of xylose into useful bioproducts. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:9015-9036. [PMID: 30141085 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9294-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms can produce a number of different bioproducts from the sugars in plant biomass. One challenge is devising processes that utilize all of the sugars in lignocellulosic hydrolysates. D-xylose is the second most abundant sugar in these hydrolysates. The microbial conversion of D-xylose to ethanol has been studied extensively; only recently, however, has conversion to bioproducts other than ethanol been explored. Moreover, in the case of yeast, D-xylose may provide a better feedstock for the production of bioproducts other than ethanol, because the relevant pathways are not subject to glucose-dependent repression. In this review, we discuss how different microorganisms are being used to produce novel bioproducts from D-xylose. We also discuss how D-xylose could be potentially used instead of glucose for the production of value-added bioproducts.
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24
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Diwan B, Parkhey P, Gupta P. From agro-industrial wastes to single cell oils: a step towards prospective biorefinery. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2018; 63:547-568. [DOI: 10.1007/s12223-018-0602-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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25
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Chuppa-Tostain G, Hoarau J, Watson M, Adelard L, Shum Cheong Sing A, Caro Y, Grondin I, Bourven I, Francois JM, Girbal-Neuhauser E, Petit T. Production of Aspergillus niger biomass on sugarcane distillery wastewater: physiological aspects and potential for biodiesel production. Fungal Biol Biotechnol 2018; 5:1. [PMID: 29372063 PMCID: PMC5771024 DOI: 10.1186/s40694-018-0045-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sugarcane distillery waste water (SDW) or vinasse is the residual liquid waste generated during sugarcane molasses fermentation and alcohol distillation. Worldwide, this effluent is responsible for serious environmental issues. In Reunion Island, between 100 and 200 thousand tons of SDW are produced each year by the three local distilleries. In this study, the potential of Aspergillus niger to reduce the pollution load of SDW and to produce interesting metabolites has been investigated. Results The fungal biomass yield was 35 g L−1 corresponding to a yield of 0.47 g of biomass/g of vinasse without nutrient complementation. Analysis of sugar consumption indicated that mono-carbohydrates were initially released from residual polysaccharides and then gradually consumed until complete exhaustion. The high biomass yield likely arises from polysaccharides that are hydrolysed prior to be assimilated as monosaccharides and from organic acids and other complex compounds that provided additional C-sources for growth. Comparison of the size exclusion chromatography profiles of raw and pre-treated vinasse confirmed the conversion of humic- and/or phenolic-like molecules into protein-like metabolites. As a consequence, chemical oxygen demand of vinasse decreased by 53%. Interestingly, analysis of intracellular lipids of the biomass revealed high content in oleic acid and physical properties relevant for biodiesel application. Conclusions The soft-rot fungus A. niger demonstrated a great ability to grow on vinasse and to degrade this complex and hostile medium. The high biomass production is accompanied by a utilization of carbon sources like residual carbohydrates, organic acids and more complex molecules such as melanoidins. We also showed that intracellular lipids from fungal biomass can efficiently be exploited into biodiesel. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40694-018-0045-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziella Chuppa-Tostain
- Antenne sud du laboratoire de chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments (LCSNSA), EA 2212, Université de la Réunion, UFR des Sciences et Technologies, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis Cedex 9, France.,Laboratoire de Physique et Ingénierie Mathématique pour l'Energie et l'Environnement (PIMENT), EA 4518, Université de la Réunion, UFR Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement, 117 rue Général Ailleret, 97430 Le Tampon, France
| | - Julien Hoarau
- Antenne sud du laboratoire de chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments (LCSNSA), EA 2212, Université de la Réunion, UFR des Sciences et Technologies, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis Cedex 9, France
| | - Marie Watson
- Antenne sud du laboratoire de chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments (LCSNSA), EA 2212, Université de la Réunion, UFR des Sciences et Technologies, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis Cedex 9, France
| | - Laetitia Adelard
- Laboratoire de Physique et Ingénierie Mathématique pour l'Energie et l'Environnement (PIMENT), EA 4518, Université de la Réunion, UFR Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement, 117 rue Général Ailleret, 97430 Le Tampon, France
| | - Alain Shum Cheong Sing
- Antenne sud du laboratoire de chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments (LCSNSA), EA 2212, Université de la Réunion, UFR des Sciences et Technologies, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis Cedex 9, France
| | - Yanis Caro
- Antenne sud du laboratoire de chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments (LCSNSA), EA 2212, Université de la Réunion, UFR des Sciences et Technologies, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis Cedex 9, France.,Present Address: Département Hygiène Sécurité Environnement (HSE), Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Université de La Réunion, 40 Avenue de Soweto, 97410 Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Isabelle Grondin
- Antenne sud du laboratoire de chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments (LCSNSA), EA 2212, Université de la Réunion, UFR des Sciences et Technologies, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis Cedex 9, France
| | - Isabelle Bourven
- 3Groupement de Recherche Eau Sol Environnement (GRESE), EA 4330, Université de Limoges, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, 123 Avenue A. Thomas, 87060 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Marie Francois
- 4LISBP, UMR INSA-CNRS &/INRA 792, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Elisabeth Girbal-Neuhauser
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Agroalimentaire et Environnementale (LBAE), EA 4565, Université de Toulouse III, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, 24 Rue d'Embaquès, 32000 Auch, France
| | - Thomas Petit
- Antenne sud du laboratoire de chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments (LCSNSA), EA 2212, Université de la Réunion, UFR des Sciences et Technologies, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS 92003, 97744 Saint-Denis Cedex 9, France.,Present Address: Département Hygiène Sécurité Environnement (HSE), Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Université de La Réunion, 40 Avenue de Soweto, 97410 Saint-Pierre, France
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26
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Yousuf A, Ethiraj B, Khan MR, Pirozzi D. Fungal Biorefinery for the Production of Single Cell Oils as Advanced Biofuels. Fungal Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90379-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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27
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Single Cell Oils (SCOs) of Oleaginous Filamentous Fungi as a Renewable Feedstock: A Biodiesel Biorefinery Approach. Fungal Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90379-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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28
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Satari B, Karimi K. Mucoralean fungi for sustainable production of bioethanol and biologically active molecules. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 102:1097-1117. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8691-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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29
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Sharifyazd S, Karimi K. Effects of fermentation conditions on valuable products of ethanolic fungus Mucor indicus. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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30
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Matsakas L, Giannakou M, Vörös D. Effect of synthetic and natural media on lipid production from Fusarium oxysporum. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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31
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Bharathiraja B, Sridharan S, Sowmya V, Yuvaraj D, Praveenkumar R. Microbial oil - A plausible alternate resource for food and fuel application. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 233:423-432. [PMID: 28314666 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Microbes have recourse to low-priced substrates like agricultural wastes and industrial efflux. A pragmatic approach towards an emerging field- the exploitation of microbial oils for biodiesel production, pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications, food additives, biopolymer production will be of immense remunerative significance in the near future. Due to high free fatty acid, nutritive content and simpler solvent extraction processes of microbial oils with plant oil, microbial oils can back plant oils in food applications. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the opulence of lipid production in native and standard micro-organisms and also to emphasize the vast array of applications including food and fuel by obtaining maximum yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bharathiraja
- Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai 600062, India
| | - Sridevi Sridharan
- Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai 600062, India
| | - V Sowmya
- Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai 600062, India
| | - D Yuvaraj
- Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai 600062, India
| | - R Praveenkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Arunai Engineering College, Tiruvannamalai 606603, India.
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32
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Dasgupta D, Sharma T, Bhatt A, Bandhu S, Ghosh D. Cultivation of oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa IIPL32 in split column airlift reactor and its influence on fuel properties. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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33
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Zhao C, Deng L, Fang H, Chen S. Microbial oil production byMortierella isabellinafrom corn stover under different pretreatments. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11900c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixed culture ofTrichoderma reeseiandAspergillus nigerwas employed to accomplish on-site cellulase production where cellulases were applied directly to the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated corn stover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- College of Life Sciences
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
- Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-arid Lands
| | - Lu Deng
- College of Life Sciences
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
- Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-arid Lands
| | - Hao Fang
- College of Life Sciences
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
- Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-arid Lands
| | - Shaolin Chen
- College of Life Sciences
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling 712100
- China
- Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-arid Lands
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Lozano-Martínez P, Buey RM, Ledesma-Amaro R, Jiménez A, Revuelta JL. Engineering Ashbya gossypii strains for de novo lipid production using industrial by-products. Microb Biotechnol 2016; 10:425-433. [PMID: 28008713 PMCID: PMC5328814 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ashbya gossypii is a filamentous fungus that naturally overproduces riboflavin, and it is currently exploited for the industrial production of this vitamin. The utilization of A. gossypii for biotechnological applications presents important advantages such as the utilization of low-cost culture media, inexpensive downstream processing and a wide range of molecular tools for genetic manipulation, thus making A. gossypii a valuable biotechnological chassis for metabolic engineering. A. gossypii has been shown to accumulate high levels of lipids in oil-based culture media; however, the lipid biosynthesis capacity is rather limited when grown in sugar-based culture media. In this study, by altering the fatty acyl-CoA pool and manipulating the regulation of the main ∆9 desaturase gene, we have obtained A. gossypii strains with significantly increased (up to fourfold) de novo lipid biosynthesis using glucose as the only carbon source in the fermentation broth. Moreover, these strains were efficient biocatalysts for the conversion of carbohydrates from sugarcane molasses to biolipids, able to accumulate lipids up to 25% of its cell dry weight. Our results represent a proof of principle showing the promising potential of A. gossypii as a competitive microorganism for industrial biolipid production using cost-effective feed stocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Lozano-Martínez
- Metabolic Engineering Group, Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Edificio Departamental, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rubén M Buey
- Metabolic Engineering Group, Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Edificio Departamental, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro
- Metabolic Engineering Group, Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Edificio Departamental, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alberto Jiménez
- Metabolic Engineering Group, Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Edificio Departamental, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - José Luis Revuelta
- Metabolic Engineering Group, Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Edificio Departamental, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
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35
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Fang H, Zhao C, Chen S. Single cell oil production by Mortierella isabellina from steam exploded corn stover degraded by three-stage enzymatic hydrolysis in the context of on-site enzyme production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 216:988-95. [PMID: 27343451 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Single cell oil (SCO), promising as alternative oil source, was produced from steam exploded corn stover (SECS) by Mortierella isabellina. Different bioprocesses from SECS to SCO were compared and the bioprocess C using the three-stage enzymatic hydrolysis was found to be the most efficient one. The bioprocess C used the lowest enzyme input 20FPIU cellulase/g glucan and the shortest time 222h, but produced 44.94g dry cell biomass and 25.77g lipid from 327.63g dry SECS. It had the highest lipid content 57.34%, and its productivities and yields were much higher than those of the bioprocess B and comparable to the bioprocess A, indicating that the three-stage enzymatic hydrolysis could greatly improve the efficiency of the bioprocess from high solid loading SECS to SCO by Mortierella isabellina. This work testified the application value of three-stage enzymatic hydrolysis in lignocellulose-based bioprocesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Fang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Chen Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shaolin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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36
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Optimization of High Solids Dilute Acid Hydrolysis of Spent Coffee Ground at Mild Temperature for Enzymatic Saccharification and Microbial Oil Fermentation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 180:753-765. [PMID: 27179516 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2130-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Soluble coffee, being one of the world's most popular consuming drinks, produces a considerable amount of spent coffee ground (SCG) along with its production. The SCG could function as a potential lignocellulosic feedstock for production of bioproducts. The objective of this study is to investigate the possible optimal condition of dilute acid hydrolysis (DAH) at high solids and mild temperature condition to release the reducing sugars from SCG. The optimal condition was found to be 5.3 % (w/w) sulfuric acid concentration and 118 min reaction time. Under the optimal condition, the mean yield of reducing sugars from enzymatic saccharification of defatted SCG acid hydrolysate was 563 mg/g. The SCG hydrolysate was then successfully applied to culture Lipomyces starkeyi for microbial oil fermentation without showing any inhibition. The results suggested that dilute acid hydrolysis followed by enzymatic saccharification has the great potential to convert SCG carbohydrates to reducing sugars. This study is useful for the further developing of biorefinery using SCG as feedstock at a large scale.
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37
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Chambergo FS, Valencia EY. Fungal biodiversity to biotechnology. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:2567-77. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7305-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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38
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Chu L, Zan X, Tang X, Zhao L, Chen H, Chen YQ, Chen W, Song Y. The role of a xylose isomerase pathway in the conversion of xylose to lipid in Mucor circinelloides. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12379a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The xylose isomerase (XI) pathway, which converts xylose in lignocellulosic materials into intermediate metabolites, is characterized for the first time in M. circinelloides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfang Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Zan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
| | - Xin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
| | - Lina Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
| | - Haiqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
| | - Yong Q. Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
| | - Yuanda Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
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39
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Augustina Egbuta M, Mwanza M, Oluranti Babalola O. A Review of the Ubiquity of Ascomycetes Filamentous Fungi in Relation to Their Economic and Medical Importance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/aim.2016.614103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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40
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Exploitation of Food Industry Waste for High-Value Products. Trends Biotechnol 2015; 34:58-69. [PMID: 26645658 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A growing global population leads to an increasing demand for food production and the processing industry associated with it and consequently the generation of large amounts of food waste. This problem is intensified due to slow progress in the development of effective waste management strategies and measures for the proper treatment and disposal of waste. Food waste is a reservoir of complex carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nutraceuticals and can form the raw materials for commercially important metabolites. The current legislation on food waste treatment prioritises the prevention of waste generation and least emphasises disposal. Recent valorisation studies for food supply chain waste opens avenues to the production of biofuels, enzymes, bioactive compounds, biodegradable plastics, and nanoparticles among many other molecules.
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41
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Ahmad FB, Zhang Z, Doherty WOS, O'Hara IM. A multi-criteria analysis approach for ranking and selection of microorganisms for the production of oils for biodiesel production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 190:264-273. [PMID: 25958151 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Oleaginous microorganisms have potential to be used to produce oils as alternative feedstock for biodiesel production. Microalgae (Chlorella protothecoides and Chlorella zofingiensis), yeasts (Cryptococcus albidus and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa), and fungi (Aspergillus oryzae and Mucor plumbeus) were investigated for their ability to produce oil from glucose, xylose and glycerol. Multi-criteria analysis (MCA) using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and preference ranking organization method for the enrichment of evaluations (PROMETHEE) with graphical analysis for interactive aid (GAIA), was used to rank and select the preferred microorganisms for oil production for biodiesel application. This was based on a number of criteria viz., oil concentration, content, production rate and yield, substrate consumption rate, fatty acids composition, biomass harvesting and nutrient costs. PROMETHEE selected A. oryzae, M. plumbeus and R. mucilaginosa as the most prospective species for oil production. However, further analysis by GAIA Webs identified A. oryzae and M. plumbeus as the best performing microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah B Ahmad
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Zhanying Zhang
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - William O S Doherty
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ian M O'Hara
- Centre for Tropical Crops and Biocommodities, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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42
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New biofuel alternatives: integrating waste management and single cell oil production. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:9385-405. [PMID: 25918941 PMCID: PMC4463594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16059385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Concerns about greenhouse gas emissions have increased research efforts into alternatives in bio-based processes. With regard to transport fuel, bioethanol and biodiesel are still the main biofuels used. It is expected that future production of these biofuels will be based on processes using either non-food competing biomasses, or characterised by low CO2 emissions. Many microorganisms, such as microalgae, yeast, bacteria and fungi, have the ability to accumulate oils under special culture conditions. Microbial oils might become one of the potential feed-stocks for biodiesel production in the near future. The use of these oils is currently under extensive research in order to reduce production costs associated with the fermentation process, which is a crucial factor to increase economic feasibility. An important way to reduce processing costs is the use of wastes as carbon sources. The aim of the present review is to describe the main aspects related to the use of different oleaginous microorganisms for lipid production and their performance when using bio-wastes. The possibilities for combining hydrogen (H2) and lipid production are also explored in an attempt for improving the economic feasibility of the process.
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43
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Carvalho AKF, Rivaldi JD, Barbosa JC, de Castro HF. Biosynthesis, characterization and enzymatic transesterification of single cell oil of Mucor circinelloides--a sustainable pathway for biofuel production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 181:47-53. [PMID: 25625466 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.12.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The filamentous fungus Mucor circinelloides URM 4182 was tested to determine its ability to produce single-cell oil suitable for obtaining biodiesel. Cell growth and lipid accumulation were investigated in a medium containing glucose as the main carbon source. A microwave-assisted ethanol extraction technique (microwave power ⩽200 W, 50-60 °C) was established and applied to lipid extraction from the fungal hyphae to obtain high lipid concentration (44%wt) of the dry biomass, which was considerably higher than the quantity obtained by classical solvent methods. The lipid profile showed a considerable amount of oleic acid (39.3%wt), palmitic acid (22.2%wt) and γ-linoleic acid (10.8%wt). Biodiesel was produced by transesterification of the single-cell oil with ethanol using a immobilized lipase from Candida antarctica (Novozym® 435) as the catalyst. (1)H NMR and HPLC analyses confirmed conversion of 93% of the single-cell oil from M. circinelloides into ethyl esters (FAEE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana K F Carvalho
- Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juan D Rivaldi
- Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jayne C Barbosa
- Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heizir F de Castro
- Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil.
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44
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Liu Y, Wang Y, Liu H, Zhang J. Enhanced lipid production with undetoxified corncob hydrolysate by Rhodotorula glutinis using a high cell density culture strategy. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 180:32-39. [PMID: 25585258 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.12.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, energy crisis and environmental issues such as greenhouse effect, global warming, etc. has roused peoples' concern. Biodiesel, as renewable energy, has attracted much attention to deal with such problems. This work studied the lipid production by Rhodotorula glutinis with undetoxified corncob hydrolysate. The results indicated that R. glutinis had high tolerance to the inhibitors in corncob hydrolysate and it could utilize undetoxified corncob hydrolysate directly for lipid production. The cell grew well with undetoxified hydrolysate in the batch culture of 5L fermentor with the optimized C/N ratio of 75, lipid titer and lipid content reached 5.5g/L and 36.4%, respectively. High cell density culture with two-stage nitrogen feeding strategy was studied to enhance the lipid production, biomass, lipid concentration and lipid content of 70.8, 33.5g/L and 47.2% were obtained. The results indicated the potential application for lipid production by R. glutinis with corncob hydrolysate directly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Liu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Department of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Hongjuan Liu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jian'an Zhang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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45
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Su H, Liu G, He M, Tan F. A biorefining process: Sequential, combinational lignocellulose pretreatment procedure for improving biobutanol production from sugarcane bagasse. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 187:149-160. [PMID: 25846185 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.03.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Here, for the first time, we designed a sequential, combinatorial lignocellulose pretreatment procedure (SCLPP) for microbial biofuel fermentation to reduce generation of microbial growth inhibitors and furthermore increase sugar yields. We tested this pretreatment process using sugarcane bagasse as substrate and assessed the effectiveness by analysis of biobutanol production through microbial clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 conversion. Our results showed that there were no inhibitory effects when using the hydrolysates as fermentation substrate. Under the SSF scheme, we observed the highest concentrations of butanol (6.4g/L) and total ABE (11.9g/L), resulting in a higher ABE productivity, compared with the SHF method. These findings suggest that the SCLPP is a feasible method for improving ABE production, lowering microbial inhibitor generation, and ensuring success in the subsequent fermentation process. Therefore, our work demonstrated developing a tractable integrated process that facilitates to increase biofuel production from agricultural residues rich in lignocellulose is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Su
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Gang Liu
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Xipu Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Mingxiong He
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Furong Tan
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
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46
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Zheng Y, Yu X, Li T, Xiong X, Chen S. Induction of D-xylose uptake and expression of NAD(P)H-linked xylose reductase and NADP + -linked xylitol dehydrogenase in the oleaginous microalga Chlorella sorokiniana. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2014; 7:125. [PMID: 25342968 PMCID: PMC4195881 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-014-0125-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heterotrophic and mixotrophic culture of oleaginous microalgae is a promising process to produce biofuel feedstock due to the advantage of fast growth. Various organic carbons have been explored for this application. However, despite being one of the most abundant and economical sugar resources in nature, D-xylose has never been demonstrated as a carbon source for wild-type microalgae. The purpose of the present work was to identify the feasibility of D-xylose utilization by the oleaginous microalga Chlorella sorokiniana. RESULTS The sugar uptake kinetic analysis was performed with (14)C-labeled sugars and the data showed that the D-glucose induced algal cells (the alga was heterotrophically grown on D-glucose and then harvested as D-glucose induced cells) exhibited a remarkably increased D-xylose uptake rate. The maximum D-xylose transport rate was 3.8 nmol min(-1) mg(-1) dry cell weight (DCW) with K m value of 6.8 mM. D-xylose uptake was suppressed in the presence of D-glucose, D-galactose and D-fructose but not L-arabinose and D-ribose. The uptake of D-xylose activated the related metabolic pathway, and the activities of a NAD(P)H-linked xylose reductase (XR) and a unique NADP(+)-linked xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH) were detected in C. sorokiniana. Compared with the culture in the dark, the consumption of D-xylose increased 2 fold under light but decreased to the same level with addition of 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU), indicating that extra chemical energy from the light-dependent reaction contributed the catabolism of D-xylose for C. sorokiniana. CONCLUSIONS An inducible D-xylose transportation system and a related metabolic pathway were discovered for microalga for the first time. The transportation of D-xylose across the cell membrane of C. sorokiniana could be realized by an inducible hexose symporter. The uptake of D-xylose subsequently activated the expression of key catalytic enzymes that enabled D-xylose entering central metabolism. Results of this research are useful to better understand the D-xylose metabolic pathway in the microalga C. sorokiniana and provide a target for genetic engineering to improve D-xylose utilization for microalgal lipid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Zheng
- LJ Smith 258, Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| | - Xiaochen Yu
- LJ Smith 258, Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| | - Tingting Li
- LJ Smith 258, Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| | - Xiaochao Xiong
- LJ Smith 258, Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| | - Shulin Chen
- LJ Smith 258, Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
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47
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Ruan Z, Zanotti M, Archer S, Liao W, Liu Y. Oleaginous fungal lipid fermentation on combined acid- and alkali-pretreated corn stover hydrolysate for advanced biofuel production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 163:12-17. [PMID: 24768942 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.03.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A combined hydrolysis process, which first mixed dilute acid- and alkali-pretreated corn stover at a 1:1 (w/w) ratio, directly followed by enzymatic saccharification without pH adjustment, has been developed in this study in order to minimize the need of neutralization, detoxification, and washing during the process of lignocellulosic biofuel production. The oleaginous fungus Mortierella isabellina was selected and applied to the combined hydrolysate as well as a synthetic medium to compare fungal lipid accumulation and biodiesel production in both shake flask and 7.5L fermentor. Fungal cultivation on combined hydrolysate exhibited comparable cell mass and lipid yield with those from synthetic medium, indicating that the integration of combined hydrolysis with oleaginous fungal lipid fermentation has great potential to improve performance of advanced lignocellulosic biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Ruan
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Michael Zanotti
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Steven Archer
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Wei Liao
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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48
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Rajulu MBG, Lai LB, Murali TS, Gopalan V, Suryanarayanan TS. Several fungi from fire-prone forests of southern India can utilize furaldehydes. Mycol Prog 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-014-0992-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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49
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Gao D, Zeng J, Yu X, Dong T, Chen S. Improved lipid accumulation by morphology engineering of oleaginous fungusMortierella isabellina. Biotechnol Bioeng 2014; 111:1758-66. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Difeng Gao
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering; Washington State University; Pullman Washington 99164-6120
| | - Jijiao Zeng
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering; Washington State University; Pullman Washington 99164-6120
| | - Xiaochen Yu
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering; Washington State University; Pullman Washington 99164-6120
| | - Tao Dong
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering; Washington State University; Pullman Washington 99164-6120
| | - Shulin Chen
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering; Washington State University; Pullman Washington 99164-6120
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50
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Qazi MA, Kanwal T, Jadoon M, Ahmed S, Fatima N. Isolation and characterization of a biosurfactant-producingFusariumsp. BS-8 from oil contaminated soil. Biotechnol Prog 2014; 30:1065-75. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muneer A. Qazi
- Dept. of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Kanwal
- Dept. of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Muniba Jadoon
- Dept. of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Safia Ahmed
- Dept. of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Nighat Fatima
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
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