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Møller-Hansen I, Sáez-Sáez J, van der Hoek SA, Dyekjær JD, Christensen HB, Wright Muelas M, O’Hagan S, Kell DB, Borodina I. Deorphanizing solute carriers in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for secondary uptake of xenobiotic compounds. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1376653. [PMID: 38680917 PMCID: PMC11045925 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1376653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The exchange of small molecules between the cell and the environment happens through transporter proteins. Besides nutrients and native metabolic products, xenobiotic molecules are also transported, however it is not well understood which transporters are involved. In this study, by combining exo-metabolome screening in yeast with transporter characterization in Xenopus oocytes, we mapped the activity of 30 yeast transporters toward six small non-toxic substrates. Firstly, using LC-MS, we determined 385 compounds from a chemical library that were imported and exported by S. cerevisiae. Of the 385 compounds transported by yeast, we selected six compounds (viz. sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, 2-methylpyrazine, cefadroxil, acrylic acid, 2-benzoxazolol) for characterization against 30 S. cerevisiae xenobiotic transport proteins expressed in Xenopus oocytes. The compounds were selected to represent a diverse set of chemicals with a broad interest in applied microbiology. Twenty transporters showed activity toward one or more of the compounds. The tested transporter proteins were mostly promiscuous in equilibrative transport (i.e., facilitated diffusion). The compounds 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, 2-methylpyrazine, cefadroxil, and sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine were transported equilibratively by transporters that could transport up to three of the compounds. In contrast, the compounds acrylic acid and 2-benzoxazolol, were strictly transported by dedicated transporters. The prevalence of promiscuous equilibrative transporters of non-native substrates has significant implications for strain development in biotechnology and offers an explanation as to why transporter engineering has been a challenge in metabolic engineering. The method described here can be generally applied to study the transport of other small non-toxic molecules. The yeast transporter library is available at AddGene (ID 79999).
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Affiliation(s)
- Iben Møller-Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Javier Sáez-Sáez
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Steven A. van der Hoek
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jane D. Dyekjær
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hanne B. Christensen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marina Wright Muelas
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Steve O’Hagan
- Department of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas B. Kell
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Irina Borodina
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
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Prasad M, Tamil Selvan S, Shanmugam R, Murugan R, Fareed M. Analysing the Anticancer Properties of Pterostilbene Through Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) and Molecular Docking Studies. Cureus 2024; 16:e58425. [PMID: 38756274 PMCID: PMC11097614 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study is to examine the possible therapeutic effect of pterostilbene (PTS), a chemical present in grapes and blueberries, in the treatment of liver cancer by analysing its interactions with important proteins linked to the wingless/integrated (Wnt) signaling system. Objective Using computational techniques like molecular docking and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) studies, this research focuses on examining the pharmacokinetics and molecular interactions of PTS with proteins such as vimentin (Vim), glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3-β), epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and Wnt, all of which are connected to the Wnt signaling pathway in liver cancer. Methods The study includes the synthesis of proteins and ligands, ADME investigations for PTS, and AutoDock Vina molecular docking simulations to evaluate binding affinities and interactions. PTS is obtained from PubChem, while protein structures are obtained from the Protein Data Bank. Results Strong binding affinities between PTS and essential proteins in the Wnt signaling cascade are shown by molecular docking, which also highlights noteworthy hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and electrostatic contacts. According to an ADME study, PTS has advantageous pharmacokinetic properties, such as moderate solubility, membrane permeability, and a minimal chance of drug interactions. Conclusion The extensive study highlights PTS's potential as a viable treatment option for liver cancer. The study promotes its investigation in cutting-edge liver cancer therapy approaches and urges more investigation into the molecular mechanisms, underpinning its anticancer properties. This paper sheds important light on the role of natural chemicals in cancer therapy and emphasizes the need for computational methods in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monisha Prasad
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Silambarasan Tamil Selvan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Rajeshkumar Shanmugam
- Nanobiomedicine Lab, Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Ramadurai Murugan
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Mohammad Fareed
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
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3
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Tran TM, Atanasova V, Tardif C, Richard-Forget F. Stilbenoids as Promising Natural Product-Based Solutions in a Race against Mycotoxigenic Fungi: A Comprehensive Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5075-5092. [PMID: 36951872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to mycotoxins can pose a variety of adverse health effects to mammals. Despite dozens of mycotoxin decontamination strategies applied from pre- to postharvest stages, it is always challenging to guarantee a safe level of these natural toxic compounds in food and feedstuffs. In the context of the increased occurrence of drug-resistance strains of mycotoxin-producing fungi driven by the overuse of fungicides, the search for new natural-product-based solutions is a top priority. This review aims to shed a light on the promising potential of stilbenoids extracted from renewable agricultural wastes (e.g., grape canes and forestry byproducts) as antimycotoxin agents. Deeper insights into the mode of actions underlying the bioactivity of stilbenoid molecules against fungal pathogens, together with their roles in plant defense responses, are provided. Safety aspects of these natural compounds on humans and ecology are discussed. Perspectives on the development of stilbenoid-based formulations using encapsulation technology, which allows the bypassing of the limitations related to stilbenoids, particularly low aqueous solubility, are addressed. Optimistically, the knowledge gathered in the present review supports the use of currently underrated agricultural byproducts to produce stilbenoid-abundant extracts with a high efficiency in the mitigation of mycotoxins in food and feedstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Minh Tran
- RU 1264 Mycology and Food Safety (MycSA), INRAE, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Vessela Atanasova
- RU 1264 Mycology and Food Safety (MycSA), INRAE, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Charles Tardif
- UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, UR OENOLOGIE, EA 4577, USC 1366, ISVV, Univ. Bordeaux, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
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Keser H, Bozkurt Girit Ö, Majeed M, Nayak M, Bilgin MD. Pterostilbene administration improves the recovery potential of extremely low-frequency magnetic field in acute renal ischemia-reperfusion injury: an FTIR spectroscopic study. Turk J Biol 2020; 44:48-60. [PMID: 32123495 PMCID: PMC7049455 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1907-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, one of the drastic outcomes of renal failure and organ transplantation, tends to deteriorate over time; therefore, noninvasive therapeutic strategies will avail the progression-free survival of the patients. Magnetic field has been proposed as a noninvasive treatment strategy; however, with recent scientific advances, many controversies have arisen regarding its efficacy. Pterostilbene, a natural analog of resveratrol, was documented to be effective in treatment of I/R injuries. This study aims to assess the acute therapeutic effects of combined extremely low-frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) and pterostilbene treatment on renal I/R injury. After induction of renal I/R in Wistar rats, treatments of 50 Hz, 1 mT ELF-MF applied alone or in combination with pterostilbene were applied for 5 consecutive days. Kidney homogenates were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. I/R injury resulted in an altered protein and lipid structure with the dominance of longer acyl chains; a slight decrease in lipid, protein, unsaturated lipid, and unsaturated/saturated lipid content; and an increase in membrane fluidity and lipid peroxidation in rat kidneys. Although ELF-MF treatment alone was not sufficient to restore all ischemia-induced alterations, the combined treatment strategy of pterostilbene administration in the presence of ELF-MF was successful and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Keser
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın Turkey.,Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon Turkey
| | - Özlem Bozkurt Girit
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın Turkey
| | | | - Mahadeva Nayak
- Technical Marketing, Sami Labs Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka India
| | - Mehmet Dinçer Bilgin
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın Turkey
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5
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Baldo F. Prediction of modes of action of components of traditional medicinal preparations. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2018-0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AbstractTraditional medicine preparations are used to treat many ailments in multiple regions across the world. Despite their widespread use, the mode of action of these preparations and their constituents are not fully understood. Traditional methods of elucidating the modes of action of these natural products (NPs) can be expensive and time consuming e. g. biochemical methods, bioactivity guided fractionation, etc. In this review, we discuss some methods for the prediction of the modes of action of traditional medicine preparations, both in mixtures and as isolated NPs. These methods are useful to predict targets of NPs before they are experimentally validated. Case studies of the applications of these methods are also provided herein.
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6
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The antibacterial mechanism of pterostilbene derived from xinjiang wine grape: A novel apoptosis inducer in Staphyloccocus aureus and Escherichia coli. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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7
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Ren G, Rimando AM, Mathews ST. AMPK activation by pterostilbene contributes to suppression of hepatic gluconeogenic gene expression and glucose production in H4IIE cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018. [PMID: 29524400 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pterostilbene, a bioactive component of blueberries and grapes, shows structural similarity to resveratrol, and exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, hypoglycemic, and cholesterol lowering effects. Recent evidence indicates that pterostilbene is an agonist of the nuclear receptor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-α). Since PPAR-α agonists induce peroxisomal proliferation and fatty acid oxidation, we examined gene expression of acyl CoA oxidase (ACO) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 (CPT-1). Pterostilbene treatment, at concentrations that demonstrated over 75% cell viability (20 μM, 50 μM), significantly increased gene expression of ACO, CPT-1, and PPAR-α. Pterostilbene treatment (50 μM) also demonstrated potent activation of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), compared to AICAR (0.5 mM) or metformin (2 mM), consistent with upregulation in fatty acid oxidation gene expression. Since AMPK activators mimic the actions of insulin by repressing hepatic gluconeogenesis, we examined pterostilbene's effects on hepatic gluconeogenic gene expression. Pterostilbene treatment significantly repressed dexamethasone-induced phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose6-phosphatase (G6Pase) gene expression, and decreased glucose production in H4IIE cells. Taken together, our studies demonstrate that pterostilbene, a natural compound and PPAR-α agonist, modulate several AMPK-dependent metabolic functions. The results of the present study suggest that pterostilbene may have beneficial effects in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes and related disorders. In this study, we found that pterostilbene activated AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) and increased the expression of fatty acid oxidation genes, including acyl CoA oxidase and carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Ren
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Boshell Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research Program, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Agnes M Rimando
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, P.O. Box 8048, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Suresh T Mathews
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Boshell Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research Program, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA.
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Identification of Staphylococcus aureus Cellular Pathways Affected by the Stilbenoid Lead Drug SK-03-92 Using a Microarray. Antibiotics (Basel) 2017; 6:antibiotics6030017. [PMID: 28892020 PMCID: PMC5617981 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics6030017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of action for a new lead stilbene compound coded SK-03-92 with bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is unknown. To gain insight into the killing process, transcriptional profiling was performed on SK-03-92 treated vs. untreated S. aureus. Fourteen genes were upregulated and 38 genes downregulated by SK-03-92 treatment. Genes involved in sortase A production, protein metabolism, and transcriptional regulation were upregulated, whereas genes encoding transporters, purine synthesis proteins, and a putative two-component system (SACOL2360 (MW2284) and SACOL2361 (MW2285)) were downregulated by SK-03-92 treatment. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses validated upregulation of srtA and tdk as well as downregulation of the MW2284/MW2285 and purine biosynthesis genes in the drug-treated population. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of MW2284 and MW2285 mutants compared to wild-type cells demonstrated that the srtA gene was upregulated by both putative two-component regulatory gene mutants compared to the wild-type strain. Using a transcription profiling technique, we have identified several cellular pathways regulated by SK-03-92 treatment, including a putative two-component system that may regulate srtA and other genes that could be tied to the SK-03-92 mechanism of action, biofilm formation, and drug persisters.
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9
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Comparative Study of the Antioxidant Capacity of Four Stilbenes Using ORAC, ABTS+, and FRAP Techniques. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-0871-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Kong Q, Ren X, Tu L, Zheng X, Wang Z, Pan Y. The Mechanism of Action of Pterostilbene in Xinjiang Wine Grape Against the Growth ofGeotrichum citri-aurantii. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2016.1198705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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11
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Kosuru R, Rai U, Prakash S, Singh A, Singh S. Promising therapeutic potential of pterostilbene and its mechanistic insight based on preclinical evidence. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 789:229-243. [PMID: 27475678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pterostilbene (PS) is a well-recognized antioxidant that primarily exists in blueberries, grapevines and heartwood of red sandalwood. Interest in this compound has been renewed in recent years, and studies have found that PS possesses an array of pharmacological properties, including chemopreventive, antiinflammatory, antidiabetic, antidyslipidemic, antiatherosclerotic and neuroprotective effects. However, the greater in vivo bioavailability of PS, as compared to resveratrol, is an added advantage for its efficacy. This review provides a summary regarding the sources, pharmacokinetic aspects and pharmacodynamics of PS, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms underlying its protective effects against cancer, brain injuries and heart disease. Studies regarding the safety profile of PS have also been included. Based on the presently available evidence, we conclude that PS represents an active phytonutrient and a potential drug with pleiotropic health applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramoji Kosuru
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Uddipak Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swati Prakash
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishank Singh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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12
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Pterostilbene Is a Potential Candidate for Control of Blackleg in Canola. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156186. [PMID: 27213274 PMCID: PMC4877020 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two stilbenes, resveratrol and pterostilbene, exhibit antifungal activity against Leptosphaeria maculans, the fungal pathogen responsible for blackleg (stem canker) in canola (Brassica napus). In vitro studies on the effect of these stilbenes on L. maculans mycelial growth and conidia germination showed that pterostilbene is a potent fungicide and sporicide, but resveratrol only exerted minor inhibition on L. maculans. Cell viability of hyphae cultures was markedly reduced by pterostilbene and SYTOX green staining showed that cell membrane integrity was compromised. We demonstrate that pterostilbene exerts fungicidal activity across 10 different L. maculans isolates and the compound confers protection to the blackleg-susceptible canola cv. Westar seedlings. The potential of pterostilbene as a control agent against blackleg in canola is discussed.
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13
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Resveratrol analogue 4,4'-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene potently inhibits cancer invasion and metastasis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19973. [PMID: 26829331 PMCID: PMC4734289 DOI: 10.1038/srep19973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the preventive effects of resveratrol analogue
4,4′-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene (DHS) on cancer invasion and
metastasis. Two different in vivo approaches of mouse and zebrafish lung
cancer invasion models were employed in our study. The in vitro results
showed that DHS displays potent inhibition on anchorage-dependent or -independent
cell growth of LLC cells, leading to impairment of the cell cycle progression with
reduction of cell numbers arresting at the G1 phase, an evident accumulation of
pre-G1 events correlated with apoptotic behaviour. In addition, DHS induces a marked
inhibition of LLC cell migration and matrigel invasion. In a murine lung cancer
model, tumour volume, cell proliferation, and tumour angiogenesis were significantly
inhibited by DHS. Importantly, liver metastatic lesions were significantly reduced
in DHS-treated mice. Similarly, DHS significantly inhibits lung cancer cell
dissemination, invasion and metastasis in a zebrafish tumour model. These findings
demonstrate that DHS could potentially be developed as a novel therapeutic agent for
treatment of cancer and metastasis.
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14
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Casey SC, Amedei A, Aquilano K, Azmi AS, Benencia F, Bhakta D, Bilsland AE, Boosani CS, Chen S, Ciriolo MR, Crawford S, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Guha G, Halicka D, Helferich WG, Heneberg P, Honoki K, Keith WN, Kerkar SP, Mohammed SI, Niccolai E, Nowsheen S, Vasantha Rupasinghe HP, Samadi A, Singh N, Talib WH, Venkateswaran V, Whelan RL, Yang X, Felsher DW. Cancer prevention and therapy through the modulation of the tumor microenvironment. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S199-S223. [PMID: 25865775 PMCID: PMC4930000 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer arises in the context of an in vivo tumor microenvironment. This microenvironment is both a cause and consequence of tumorigenesis. Tumor and host cells co-evolve dynamically through indirect and direct cellular interactions, eliciting multiscale effects on many biological programs, including cellular proliferation, growth, and metabolism, as well as angiogenesis and hypoxia and innate and adaptive immunity. Here we highlight specific biological processes that could be exploited as targets for the prevention and therapy of cancer. Specifically, we describe how inhibition of targets such as cholesterol synthesis and metabolites, reactive oxygen species and hypoxia, macrophage activation and conversion, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase regulation of dendritic cells, vascular endothelial growth factor regulation of angiogenesis, fibrosis inhibition, endoglin, and Janus kinase signaling emerge as examples of important potential nexuses in the regulation of tumorigenesis and the tumor microenvironment that can be targeted. We have also identified therapeutic agents as approaches, in particular natural products such as berberine, resveratrol, onionin A, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, curcumin, naringenin, desoxyrhapontigenin, piperine, and zerumbone, that may warrant further investigation to target the tumor microenvironment for the treatment and/or prevention of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C Casey
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Fabian Benencia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alan E Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Sophie Chen
- Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sarah Crawford
- Department of Biology, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematics and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - William G Helferich
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign-Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Petr Heneberg
- Charles University in Prague, Third Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sid P Kerkar
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | | | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - H P Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Neetu Singh
- Advanced Molecular Science Research Centre (Centre for Advanced Research), King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Wamidh H Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Richard L Whelan
- Mount Sinai Roosevelt Hospital, Icahn Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Xujuan Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign-Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Dean W Felsher
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.
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15
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Silva F, Nerín C, Domingues FC. Stilbene phytoallexins inclusion complexes: A natural-based strategy to control foodborne pathogen Campylobacter. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Lombardi G, Vannini S, Blasi F, Marcotullio MC, Dominici L, Villarini M, Cossignani L, Moretti M. In Vitro Safety/Protection Assessment of Resveratrol and Pterostilbene in a Human Hepatoma Cell Line (HepG2). Nat Prod Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1501000823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate in vitro the genotoxic and/or antigenotoxic effects of resveratrol (RESV) and pterostilbene (PTER) on HepG2 cells. Moreover, additional tests were performed to evaluate early and late apoptosis events induced by the tested stilbenes. RESV and PTER did not show any genotoxic activity. As regards antigenotoxicity testing, RESV and PTER showed a typical, U-shaped hormetic dose-response relationship characterized by a biphasic trend with small quantities having opposite effects to large ones. HepG2 cells treated with PTER exhibited a marked increase in early apoptosis (40.1 %) at 250 μM; whereas, the highest concentration tested for both RESV and PTER significantly increased the proportion of HepG2 cells undergoing late apoptosis (32.5 and 51.2 %, respectively). The observed pro-apoptotic activity could, at least in part, explain the hormetic response observed when the compounds were tested for antigenotoxicity ( i.e., in the presence of induced DNA damage).
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Affiliation(s)
- Germana Lombardi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Food Chemistry), University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo, 06126 Perugia, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Public Health),University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy
| | - Samuele Vannini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Public Health),University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Blasi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Food Chemistry), University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Carla Marcotullio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Organic Chemistry),University of Perugia, Via del Liceo, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Luca Dominici
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Public Health),University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy
| | - Milena Villarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Public Health),University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy
| | - Lina Cossignani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Food Chemistry), University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Massimo Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Public Health),University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy
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Chelsky ZL, Yue P, Kondratyuk TP, Paladino D, Pezzuto JM, Cushman M, Turkson J. A Resveratrol Analogue Promotes ERKMAPK-Dependent Stat3 Serine and Tyrosine Phosphorylation Alterations and Antitumor Effects In Vitro against Human Tumor Cells. Mol Pharmacol 2015; 88:524-33. [PMID: 26138072 DOI: 10.1124/mol.115.099093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
(E)-4-(3,5-dimethoxystyryl)phenyl acetate (Cmpd1) is a resveratrol analog that preferentially inhibits glioma, breast, and pancreatic cancer cell growth, with IC50 values of 6-19 μM. Notably, the human U251MG glioblastoma tumor line is the most sensitive, with an IC50 of 6.7 μM, compared with normal fibroblasts, which have an IC50 > 20 μM. Treatment of U251MG cells that harbor aberrantly active signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 3 with Cmpd1 suppresses Stat3 tyrosine705 phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner in parallel with the induction of pserine727 Stat3 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/2 (pErk1/2(MAPK)). Inhibition of pErk1/2(MAPK) induction by the mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase inhibitor PD98059 [2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one] blocked both the pserine727 Stat3 induction and ptyrosine705 Stat3 suppression by Cmpd1, indicating dependency on the mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase-Erk1/2(MAPK) pathway for Cmpd1-induced modulation of Stat3 signaling. Cmpd1 also blocked epidermal growth factor-stimulated pStat1 induction, whereas upregulating pSrc, pAkt, p-p38, pHeat shock protein 27, and pmammalian target of rapamycin levels. However, pJanus kinase 2 and pEpidermal growth factor receptor levels were not significantly altered. Treatment of U251MG cells with Cmpd1 reduced in vitro colony formation, induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and cleavage of caspases 3, 8, and 9 and poly(ADP ribose) polymerase, and suppressed survivin, myeloid cell leukemia 1, Bcl-xL, cyclin D1, and cyclin B1 expression. Taken together, these data identify a novel mechanism for the inhibition of Stat3 signaling by a resveratrol analog and suggest that the preferential growth inhibitory effects of Cmp1 occur in part by Erk1/2(MAPK)-dependent modulation of constitutively active Stat3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary L Chelsky
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (Z.L.C., P.Y., D.P., J.T.); Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii (T.P.K., J.M.P.); and College of Pharmacy and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (M.C.)
| | - Peibin Yue
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (Z.L.C., P.Y., D.P., J.T.); Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii (T.P.K., J.M.P.); and College of Pharmacy and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (M.C.)
| | - Tamara P Kondratyuk
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (Z.L.C., P.Y., D.P., J.T.); Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii (T.P.K., J.M.P.); and College of Pharmacy and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (M.C.)
| | - David Paladino
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (Z.L.C., P.Y., D.P., J.T.); Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii (T.P.K., J.M.P.); and College of Pharmacy and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (M.C.)
| | - John M Pezzuto
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (Z.L.C., P.Y., D.P., J.T.); Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii (T.P.K., J.M.P.); and College of Pharmacy and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (M.C.)
| | - Mark Cushman
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (Z.L.C., P.Y., D.P., J.T.); Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii (T.P.K., J.M.P.); and College of Pharmacy and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (M.C.)
| | - James Turkson
- Natural Products and Experimental Therapeutics Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii (Z.L.C., P.Y., D.P., J.T.); Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii (T.P.K., J.M.P.); and College of Pharmacy and the Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (M.C.)
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Danziger SA, Reiss DJ, Ratushny AV, Smith JJ, Plaisier CL, Aitchison JD, Baliga NS. Bicluster Sampled Coherence Metric (BSCM) provides an accurate environmental context for phenotype predictions. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2015; 9 Suppl 2:S1. [PMID: 25881257 PMCID: PMC4407105 DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-9-s2-s1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Biclustering is a popular method for identifying under which experimental conditions biological signatures are co-expressed. However, the general biclustering problem is NP-hard, offering room to focus algorithms on specific biological tasks. We hypothesize that conditional co-regulation of genes is a key factor in determining cell phenotype and that accurately segregating conditions in biclusters will improve such predictions. Thus, we developed a bicluster sampled coherence metric (BSCM) for determining which conditions and signals should be included in a bicluster. Results Our BSCM calculates condition and cluster size specific p-values, and we incorporated these into the popular integrated biclustering algorithm cMonkey. We demonstrate that incorporation of our new algorithm significantly improves bicluster co-regulation scores (p-value = 0.009) and GO annotation scores (p-value = 0.004). Additionally, we used a bicluster based signal to predict whether a given experimental condition will result in yeast peroxisome induction. Using the new algorithm, the classifier accuracy improves from 41.9% to 76.1% correct. Conclusions We demonstrate that the proposed BSCM helps determine which signals ought to be co-clustered, resulting in more accurately assigned bicluster membership. Furthermore, we show that BSCM can be extended to more accurately detect under which experimental conditions the genes are co-clustered. Features derived from this more accurate analysis of conditional regulation results in a dramatic improvement in the ability to predict a cellular phenotype in yeast. The latest cMonkey is available for download at https://github.com/baliga-lab/cmonkey2. The experimental data and source code featured in this paper is available http://AitchisonLab.com/BSCM. BSCM has been incorporated in the official cMonkey release.
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El-Sayed ESM, Mansour AM, Nady ME. Protective Effects of Pterostilbene against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2014; 29:35-42. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- El-Sayed M. El-Sayed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy; Al-Azhar University; Nasr-City Cairo Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Mansour
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy; Al-Azhar University; Nasr-City Cairo Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Nady
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy; Al-Azhar University; Nasr-City Cairo Egypt
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20
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Grabacka MM, Gawin M, Pierzchalska M. Phytochemical modulators of mitochondria: the search for chemopreventive agents and supportive therapeutics. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2014; 7:913-42. [PMID: 25192192 PMCID: PMC4190497 DOI: 10.3390/ph7090913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are crucially important for maintaining not only the energy homeostasis, but the proper cellular functions in a general sense. Impairment of mitochondrial functions is observed in a broad variety of pathological states such as neoplastic transformations and cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders and chronic inflammation. Currently, in parallel to the classical drug design approaches, there is an increasing interest in the screening for natural bioactive substances, mainly phytochemicals, in order to develop new therapeutic solutions for the mentioned pathologies. Dietary phytochemicals such as resveratrol, curcumin and sulforaphane are very well tolerated and can effectively complement classical pharmacological therapeutic regimens. In this paper we disscuss the effect of the chosen phytochemicals (e.g., resveratrol, curcumin, sulforaphane) on various aspects of mitochondrial biology, namely mitochondrial biogenesis, membrane potential and reactive oxygen species production, signaling to and from the nucleus and unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja M Grabacka
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Malgorzata Gawin
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Pierzchalska
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland
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Hsiao PC, Chou YE, Tan P, Lee WJ, Yang SF, Chow JM, Chen HY, Lin CH, Lee LM, Chien MH. Pterostilbene simultaneously induced G0/G1-phase arrest and MAPK-mediated mitochondrial-derived apoptosis in human acute myeloid leukemia cell lines. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105342. [PMID: 25144448 PMCID: PMC4140770 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pterostilbene (PTER) is a dimethylated analog of the phenolic phytoalexin, resveratrol, with higher anticancer activity in various tumors. Herein, the molecular mechanisms by which PTER exerts its anticancer effects against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells were investigated. Methodology and Principal Findings Results showed that PTER suppressed cell proliferation in various AML cell lines. PTER-induced G0/G1-phase arrest occurred when expressions of cyclin D3 and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2/6 were inhibited. PTER-induced cell apoptosis occurred through activation of caspases-8-9/-3, and a mitochondrial membrane permeabilization (MMP)-dependent pathway. Moreover, treatment of HL-60 cells with PTER induced sustained activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)1/2, and inhibition of both MAPKs by their specific inhibitors significantly abolished the PTER-induced activation of caspases-8/-9/-3. Of note, PTER-induced cell growth inhibition was only partially reversed by the caspase-3-specific inhibitor, Z-DEVE-FMK, suggesting that this compound may also act through a caspase-independent pathway. Interestingly, we also found that PTER promoted disruption of lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and release of activated cathepsin B. Conclusion Taken together, our results suggest that PTER induced HL-60 cell death via MAPKs-mediated mitochondria apoptosis pathway and loss of LMP might be another cause for cell apoptosis induced by PTER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ching Hsiao
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Erh Chou
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Peng Tan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jiunn Lee
- Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Ming Chow
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yu Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Huang Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Ming Lee
- Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (MHC); (LML)
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (MHC); (LML)
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Dewi NI, Yagasaki K, Miura Y. Anti-proliferative effect of pterostilbene on rat hepatoma cells in culture. Cytotechnology 2014; 67:671-80. [PMID: 24985197 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-014-9758-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pterostilbene, a methoxylated analogue of resveratrol, is a natural compound primarily found in blueberries and several types of grapes. However, little is known about the effect of pterostilbene on the proliferation of hepatoma cells and its modes of actions. This study was undertaken to characterize its ability to suppress the proliferation of hepatoma AH109A cells and the possible mechanism(s) involved. Pterostilbene showed a significant and dose-dependent effect on the anti-proliferative activity against AH109A cells. Pterostilbene exerted little or no effect on the proliferation of rat L6 myoblasts and rat skin fibroblasts. Pterostilbene-loaded rat sera could significantly inhibit the proliferation of AH109A cells, which suggests that pterostilbene could be absorbed through gastrointestinal tract and retain its anti-proliferative activity. Pterostilbene arrested the cell cycle of AH109A cells at G0/G1 phase and reduced the protein expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and cyclin-dependent kinase 6 dose-dependently. We also found that pterostilbene could significantly increase the intracellular peroxide level of AH109A cells, which may be involved in its anti-proliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Novi Indriana Dewi
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
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In vitro and in vivo activities of pterostilbene against Candida albicans biofilms. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 58:2344-55. [PMID: 24514088 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01583-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pterostilbene (PTE) is a stilbene-derived phytoalexin that originates from several natural plant sources. In this study, we evaluated the activity of PTE against Candida albicans biofilms and explored the underlying mechanisms. In 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) reduction assays, biofilm biomass measurement, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, we found that ≤16 μg/ml PTE had a significant effect against C. albicans biofilms in vitro, while it had no fungicidal effect on planktonic C. albicans cells, which suggested a unique antibiofilm effect of PTE. Then we found that PTE could inhibit biofilm formation and destroy the maintenance of mature biofilms. At 4 μg/ml, PTE decreased cellular surface hydrophobicity (CSH) and suppressed hyphal formation. Gene expression microarrays and real-time reverse transcription-PCR showed that exposure of C. albicans to 16 μg/ml PTE altered the expression of genes that function in morphological transition, ergosterol biosynthesis, oxidoreductase activity, and cell surface and protein unfolding processes (heat shock proteins). Filamentation-related genes, especially those regulated by the Ras/cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway, including ECE1, ALS3, HWP1, HGC1, and RAS1 itself, were downregulated upon PTE treatment, indicating that the antibiofilm effect of PTE was related to the Ras/cAMP pathway. Then, we found that the addition of exogenous cAMP reverted the PTE-induced filamentous growth defect. Finally, with a rat central venous catheter infection model, we confirmed the in vivo activity of PTE against C. albicans biofilms. Collectively, PTE had strong activities against C. albicans biofilms both in vitro and in vivo, and these activities were associated with the Ras/cAMP pathway.
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Brion C, Ambroset C, Sanchez I, Legras JL, Blondin B. Differential adaptation to multi-stressed conditions of wine fermentation revealed by variations in yeast regulatory networks. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:681. [PMID: 24094006 PMCID: PMC3870980 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Variation of gene expression can lead to phenotypic variation and have therefore been assumed to contribute the diversity of wine yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) properties. However, the molecular bases of this variation of gene expression are unknown. We addressed these questions by carrying out an integrated genetical-genomic study in fermentation conditions. We report here quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping based on expression profiling in a segregating population generated by a cross between a derivative of the popular wine strain EC1118 and the laboratory strain S288c. RESULTS Most of the fermentation traits studied appeared to be under multi-allelic control. We mapped five phenotypic QTLs and 1465 expression QTLs. Several expression QTLs overlapped in hotspots. Among the linkages unraveled here, several were associated with metabolic processes essential for wine fermentation such as glucose sensing or nitrogen and vitamin metabolism. Variations affecting the regulation of drug detoxification and export (TPO1, PDR12 or QDR2) were linked to variation in four genes encoding transcription factors (PDR8, WAR1, YRR1 and HAP1). We demonstrated that the allelic variation of WAR1 and TPO1 affected sorbic and octanoic acid resistance, respectively. Moreover, analysis of the transcription factors phylogeny suggests they evolved with a specific adaptation of the strains to wine fermentation conditions. Unexpectedly, we found that the variation of fermentation rates was associated with a partial disomy of chromosome 16. This disomy resulted from the well known 8-16 translocation. CONCLUSIONS This large data set made it possible to decipher the effects of genetic variation on gene expression during fermentation and certain wine fermentation properties. Our findings shed a new light on the adaptation mechanisms required by yeast to cope with the multiple stresses generated by wine fermentation. In this context, the detoxification and export systems appear to be of particular importance, probably due to nitrogen starvation. Furthermore, we show that the well characterized 8-16 translocation located in SSU1, which is associated with sulfite resistance, can lead to a partial chromosomic amplification in the progeny of strains that carry it, greatly improving fermentation kinetics. This amplification has been detected among other wine yeasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Brion
- INRA, UMR1083 Science pour l'Œnologie, 2 Place Viala, Montpellier F-34060, France.
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Estrela JM, Ortega A, Mena S, Rodriguez ML, Asensi M. Pterostilbene: Biomedical applications. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2013; 50:65-78. [DOI: 10.3109/10408363.2013.805182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Analysis of safety from a human clinical trial with pterostilbene. J Toxicol 2013; 2013:463595. [PMID: 23431291 PMCID: PMC3575612 DOI: 10.1155/2013/463595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives. The purpose of this trial was to evaluate the safety of long-term pterostilbene administration in humans. Methodology. The trial was a prospective, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled intervention trial enrolling patients with hypercholesterolemia (defined as a baseline total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL and/or baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥100 mg/dL). Eighty subjects were divided equally into one of four groups: (1) pterostilbene 125 mg twice daily, (2) pterostilbene 50 mg twice daily, (3) pterostilbene 50 mg + grape extract (GE) 100 mg twice daily, and (4) matching placebo twice daily for 6–8 weeks. Safety markers included biochemical and subjective measures. Linear mixed models were used to estimate primary safety measure treatment effects. Results. The majority of patients completed the trial (91.3%). The average age was 54 years. The majority of patients were females (71%) and Caucasians (70%). There were no adverse drug reactions (ADRs) on hepatic, renal, or glucose markers based on biochemical analysis. There were no statistically significant self-reported or major ADRs. Conclusion. Pterostilbene is generally safe for use in humans up to 250 mg/day.
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Omics methods for probing the mode of action of natural and synthetic phytotoxins. J Chem Ecol 2013; 39:333-47. [PMID: 23355015 PMCID: PMC3589630 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-013-0240-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
For a little over a decade, omics methods (transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and physionomics) have been used to discover and probe the mode of action of both synthetic and natural phytotoxins. For mode of action discovery, the strategy for each of these approaches is to generate an omics profile for phytotoxins with known molecular targets and to compare this library of responses to the responses of compounds with unknown modes of action. Using more than one omics approach enhances the probability of success. Generally, compounds with the same mode of action generate similar responses with a particular omics method. Stress and detoxification responses to phytotoxins can be much clearer than effects directly related to the target site. Clues to new modes of action must be validated with in vitro enzyme effects or genetic approaches. Thus far, the only new phytotoxin target site discovered with omics approaches (metabolomics and physionomics) is that of cinmethylin and structurally related 5-benzyloxymethyl-1,2-isoxazolines. These omics approaches pointed to tyrosine amino-transferase as the target, which was verified by enzyme assays and genetic methods. In addition to being a useful tool of mode of action discovery, omics methods provide detailed information on genetic and biochemical impacts of phytotoxins. Such information can be useful in understanding the full impact of natural phytotoxins in both agricultural and natural ecosystems.
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Polyphenol derivatives - potential regulators of neutrophil activity. Interdiscip Toxicol 2012; 5:65-70. [PMID: 23118589 PMCID: PMC3485655 DOI: 10.2478/v10102-012-0011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2012] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The study provides new information on the effect of natural polyphenols (derivatives of stilbene - resveratrol, pterostilbene, pinosylvin and piceatannol and derivatives of ferulic acid - curcumin, N-feruloylserotonin) on the activity of human neutrophils in influencing oxidative burst. All the polyphenols tested were found to reduce markedly the production of reactive oxygen species released by human neutrophils on extra-and intracellular levels as well as in cell free system. Moreover, pinosylvin, curcumin, N-feruloylserotonin and resveratrol decreased protein kinase C activity involved in neutrophil signalling and reactive oxygen species production. Our results suggest that due to their anti-neutrophil activity, the polyphenols tested might be attractive candidates in therapeutic development.
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Kingsbury JM, Heitman J, Pinnell SR. Calcofluor white combination antifungal treatments for Trichophyton rubrum and Candida albicans. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39405. [PMID: 22792174 PMCID: PMC3391284 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Superficial mycoses caused by dermatophyte fungi are among the most common infections worldwide, yet treatment is restricted by limited effective drugs available, drug toxicity, and emergence of drug resistance. The stilbene fluorescent brightener calcofluor white (CFW) inhibits fungi by binding chitin in the cell wall, disrupting cell wall integrity, and thus entails a different mechanism of inhibition than currently available antifungal drugs. To identify novel therapeutic options for the treatment of skin infections, we compared the sensitivity of representative strains of the dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum and Candida albicans to CFW and a panel of fluorescent brighteners and phytoalexin compounds. We identified the structurally related stilbene fluorescent brighteners 71, 85, 113 and 134 as fungicidal to both T. rubrum and C. albicans to a similar degree as CFW, and the stilbene phytoalexins pinosylvan monomethyl ether and pterostilbene inhibited to a lesser degree, allowing us to develop a structure-activity relationship for fungal inhibition. Given the abilities of CFW to absorb UV(365 nm) and bind specifically to fungal cell walls, we tested whether CFW combined with UV(365 nm) irradiation would be synergistic to fungi and provide a novel photodynamic treatment option. However, while both treatments individually were cytocidal, UV(365 nm) irradiation reduced sensitivity to CFW, which we attribute to CFW photoinactivation. We also tested combination treatments of CFW with other fungal inhibitors and identified synergistic interactions between CFW and some ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors in C. albicans. Therefore, our studies identify novel fungal inhibitors and drug interactions, offering promise for combination topical treatment regimes for superficial mycoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne M Kingsbury
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.
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Caruso F, Mendoza L, Castro P, Cotoras M, Aguirre M, Matsuhiro B, Isaacs M, Rossi M, Viglianti A, Antonioletti R. Antifungal activity of resveratrol against Botrytis cinerea is improved using 2-furyl derivatives. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25421. [PMID: 22022392 PMCID: PMC3191159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The antifungal effect of three furyl compounds closely related to resveratrol, (E)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-β-(2-furyl)-styrene (1), (E)-4-methoxy-β-(2-furyl)-styrene (2) and (E)-3,5-dimethoxy-β-(2-furyl)-styrene (3) against Botrytis cinerea was analyzed. The inhibitory effect, at 100 µg ml(-1) of compounds 1, 2, 3 and resveratrol on conidia germination, was determined to be about 70%, while at the same concentration pterostilbene (a dimethoxyl derivative of resveratrol) produced complete inhibition. The title compounds were more fungitoxic towards in vitro mycelial growth than resveratrol and pterostilbene. Compound 3 was the most active and a potential explanation of this feature is given using density functional theory (DFT) calculations on the demethoxylation/demethylation process. Compound 3 was further evaluated for its effects on laccase production, oxygen consumption and membrane integrity of B. cinerea. An increase of the laccase activity was observed in the presence of compound 3 and, using Sytox Green nucleic acid stain, it was demonstrated that this compound altered B. cinerea membrane. Finally, compound 3 partially affected conidia respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Caruso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, University of Rome, Istituto Chimico, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail: (FC); (MR)
| | - Leonora Mendoza
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulo Castro
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Milena Cotoras
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maria Aguirre
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Betty Matsuhiro
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Isaacs
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miriam Rossi
- Vassar College, Department of Chemistry, Poughkeepsie, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (FC); (MR)
| | | | - Roberto Antonioletti
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, University of Rome, Istituto Chimico, Rome, Italy
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Kapetanovic IM, Muzzio M, Huang Z, Thompson TN, McCormick DL. Pharmacokinetics, oral bioavailability, and metabolic profile of resveratrol and its dimethylether analog, pterostilbene, in rats. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2011; 68:593-601. [PMID: 21116625 PMCID: PMC3090701 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-010-1525-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 395] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a naturally occurring polyphenol with a broad range of possible health benefits, including anti-cancer activity. However, the biological activity of resveratrol may be limited by poor absorption and first-pass metabolism: only low plasma concentrations of resveratrol are seen following oral administration, and metabolism to glucuronide and sulfate conjugates is rapid. Methylated polyphenol analogs (such as pterostilbene [3,5-dimethoxy-4'-hydroxy-trans-stilbene], the dimethylether analog of resveratrol) may overcome these limitations to pharmacologic efficacy. The present study was designed to compare the bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and metabolism of resveratrol and pterostilbene following equimolar oral dosing in rats. METHODS The agents were administered orally via gavage for 14 consecutive days at 50 or 150 mg/kg/day for resveratrol and 56 or 168 mg/kg/day for pterostilbene. Two additional groups were dosed once intravenously with 10 and 11.2 mg/kg for resveratrol and pterostilbene, respectively. Plasma concentrations of agents and metabolites were measured using a high-pressure liquid chromatograph-tandem mass spectrometer system. Noncompartmental analysis was used to derive pharmacokinetic parameters. RESULTS Resveratrol and pterostilbene were approximately 20 and 80% bioavailable, respectively. Following oral dosing, plasma levels of pterostilbene and pterostilbene sulfate were markedly greater than were plasma levels of resveratrol and resveratrol sulfate. Although plasma levels of resveratrol glucuronide exceeded those of pterostilbene glucuronide, those differences were smaller than those of the parent drugs and sulfate metabolites. CONCLUSIONS When administered orally, pterostilbene demonstrates greater bioavailability and total plasma levels of both the parent compound and metabolites than does resveratrol. These differences in agent pharmacokinetics suggest that the in vivo biological activity of equimolar doses of pterostilbene may be greater than that of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izet M. Kapetanovic
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Miguel Muzzio
- Life Sciences Group, IIT Research Institute, 10 West 35th Street, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Zhihua Huang
- Life Sciences Group, IIT Research Institute, 10 West 35th Street, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | | | - David L. McCormick
- Life Sciences Group, IIT Research Institute, 10 West 35th Street, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
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Mannal PW, Alosi JA, Schneider JG, McDonald DE, McFadden DW. Pterostilbene inhibits pancreatic cancer in vitro. J Gastrointest Surg 2010; 14:873-9. [PMID: 20140535 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-010-1164-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2009] [Accepted: 01/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stilbenes are phenolic compounds present in grapes and blueberries. Resveratrol, a naturally occurring compound present in grapes, has been shown to have potent antioxidant properties as well as an ability to induce apoptosis. Resveratrol has also been reported to have significant inhibitory effects against a variety of primary tumors including breast, colon, and prostate. Pterostilbene, a naturally occurring analogue of resveratrol found in blueberries, also has antioxidant and antiproliferative properties. It is also substantially more bioavailable orally than resveratrol. These effects have not been studied in pancreatic cancer. We hypothesized that pterostilbene would inhibit pancreatic cancer cell growth in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two pancreatic cancer cell lines (MIA PaCa and PANC-1) were cultured using standard techniques. Cells were treated with graduated doses of pterostilbene ranging from 10 to 100 microM. Cell viability was measured by MTT at 24, 48, and 72 h. RESULTS Pterostilbene decreases cell viability in both cancer cell lines in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Higher doses (75-100 microM) caused a significant reduction in cell viability at 24 and 48 h. However, by 72 h, all tested concentrations of pterostilbene (10 to 100 microM) resulted in significantly reduced cell viability in both pancreatic cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent fashion. Pterostilbene caused a dose-dependent 10-63% inhibition in MIA PaCa-2 cells and 10-75% inhibition in PANC-1 cells. DISCUSSION Treatment of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro with Pterostilbene leads to inhibition of cell proliferation and/or cell death, cell cycle arrrest, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and activation of effector caspases. This naturally occurring agent may have a role in treating pancreatic cancer. CONCLUSIONS Pterostilbene inhibits the growth of pancreatic cancer in vitro. Further, in vitro mechanistic studies and in vivo experiments are warranted to determine its potential for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick W Mannal
- University of Vermont/Fletcher Allen Health Care, Burlington, VT, USA.
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Alosi JA, McDonald DE, Schneider JS, Privette AR, McFadden DW. Pterostilbene inhibits breast cancer in vitro through mitochondrial depolarization and induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis. J Surg Res 2009; 161:195-201. [PMID: 20031172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2009] [Revised: 06/14/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies suggest that diets high in fruits and vegetables reduce cancer risk. Resveratrol, a compound present in grapes, has been shown to inhibit a variety of primary tumors. Pterostilbene, an analogue of resveratrol found in blueberries, has both antioxidant and antiproliferative properties. We hypothesized that pterostilbene would induce apoptosis and inhibit breast cancer cell growth in vitro. METHODS Breast cancer cells were treated with graduated doses of pterostilbene. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Apoptosis was evaluated via DNA fragmentation assay and TUNEL assay. Apo-ONE caspase-3/7 assay was used to evaluate caspase activity. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate mitochondrial depolarization, superoxide formation, and cell cycle. Student's t-test and two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni posttests were utilized for statistical analysis. RESULTS Pterostilbene decreased breast cancer cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Pterostilbene treatment increased caspase-3/7 activity and apoptosis in both cell lines. Caspase-3/7 inhibitors completely reversed pterostilbene's effects on cell viability. Pterostilbene treatment triggered mitochondrial depolarization, increased superoxide anion, and caused alteration in cell cycle. CONCLUSIONS Pterostilbene treatment inhibits the growth of breast cancer in vitro through caspase-dependent apoptosis. Mitochondrial membrane depolarization and increased superoxide anion may contribute to the activation downstream effector caspases. Caspase inhibition leads to complete reversal of pterostilbene's effect on cell viability. Further in vitro mechanistic studies and in vivo experiments are warranted to determine its potential for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Ruiz MJ, Fernández M, Picó Y, Mañes J, Asensi M, Carda C, Asensio G, Estrela JM. Dietary administration of high doses of pterostilbene and quercetin to mice is not toxic. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:3180-6. [PMID: 19292443 DOI: 10.1021/jf803579e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate possible harmful effects of high doses of t-pterostilbene (t-PTER) and quercetin (QUER) in Swiss mice. Mice were fed during 28 days at doses of 0, 30, 300, and 3000 mg/kg body weight/day of t-PTER, QUER, or a mixture of both, t-PTER + QUER, which are equivalent to 5, 50, and 500 times, respectively, the estimated mean human intake of these polyphenols (25 mg/day). Daily oral administration of QUER, t-PTER, or a mixture of both of them did not cause mortality during the experimental period. There were no differences in food and water consumption on sex. No significant body weight gain in the male or female groups was observed. Red blood cell number and the hematocrit increased after polyphenols administration compared to control groups. Biochemical parameters were not affected. Histopathological examination revealed no alterations in clinical signs or organ weight at any dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Ruiz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.
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Schmidlin L, Poutaraud A, Claudel P, Mestre P, Prado E, Santos-Rosa M, Wiedemann-Merdinoglu S, Karst F, Merdinoglu D, Hugueney P. A stress-inducible resveratrol O-methyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of pterostilbene in grapevine. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2008; 148:1630-9. [PMID: 18799660 PMCID: PMC2577258 DOI: 10.1104/pp.108.126003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2008] [Accepted: 09/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Stilbenes are considered the most important phytoalexin group in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) and they are known to contribute to the protection against various pathogens. The main stilbenes in grapevine are resveratrol and its derivatives and, among these, pterostilbene has recently attracted much attention due both to its antifungal and pharmacological properties. Indeed, pterostilbene is 5 to 10 times more fungitoxic than resveratrol in vitro and recent studies have shown that pterostilbene exhibits anticancer, hypolipidemic, and antidiabetic properties. A candidate gene approach was used to identify a grapevine resveratrol O-methyltransferase (ROMT) cDNA and the activity of the corresponding protein was characterized after expression in Escherichia coli. Transient coexpression of ROMT and grapevine stilbene synthase in tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) using the agroinfiltration technique resulted in the accumulation of pterostilbene in tobacco tissues. Taken together, these results showed that ROMT was able to catalyze the biosynthesis of pterostilbene from resveratrol both in vitro and in planta. ROMT gene expression in grapevine leaves was induced by different stresses, including downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) infection, ultraviolet light, and AlCl(3) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Schmidlin
- Laboratoire de Génétique et d'Amélioration de la Vigne, UMR1131, INRA, Université Louis Pasteur Strasbourg, F-68021 Colmar, France
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