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Wang Z, Zhang N, Zhang M, Jiang Y, Ng AS, Bridges E, Zhang W, Zeng X, Luo Q, Liang J, Győrffy B, Hublitz P, Liang Z, Fischer R, Kerr D, Harris AL, Cai S. GTP Cyclohydrolase Drives Breast Cancer Development and Promotes EMT in an Enzyme-Independent Manner. Cancer Res 2023; 83:3400-3413. [PMID: 37463466 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-3471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
GTP cyclohydrolase (GCH1) is the rate-limiting enzyme for tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) biosynthesis. The catalysis of BH4 biosynthesis is tightly regulated for physiological neurotransmission, inflammation, and vascular tone. Paradoxically, BH4 has emerged as an oncometabolite regulating tumor growth, but the effects on tumor development remain controversial. Here, we found that GCH1 potentiated the growth of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and HER2+ breast cancer and transformed nontumor breast epithelial cells. Independent of BH4 production, GCH1 protein induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by binding to vimentin (Vim), which was mediated by HSP90. Conversely, GCH1 ablation impaired tumor growth, suppressed Vim in TNBC, and inhibited EGFR/ERK signaling while activating the p53 pathway in estrogen receptor-positive tumor cells. GCH1 deficiency increases tumor cell sensitivity to HSP90 inhibition and endocrine treatments. In addition, high GCH1 correlated with poor breast cancer survival. Together, this study reveals an enzyme-independent oncogenic role of GCH1, presenting it as a potential target for therapeutic development. SIGNIFICANCE GTP cyclohydrolase functions as an oncogene in breast cancer and binds vimentin to induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition independently of its enzyme activity, which confers targetable vulnerabilities for developing breast cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijing Wang
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Aik Seng Ng
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Bridges
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, University Department of Oncology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Zhang
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Xin Zeng
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Qi Luo
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital, Xiamen First Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Jiabien Liang
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital, Xiamen First Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- TTK Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, and Semmelweis University Department Bioinformatics and Department of Paediatrics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Philip Hublitz
- Genome Engineering Facility, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Zhu Liang
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Fischer
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David Kerr
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, University Department of Oncology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Shijie Cai
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Kauser S, Mughees M, Mangangcha IR, Swami S, Wajid S. Secretome profiling of Artemisia absinthium extract-loaded polymeric nanoparticle-treated MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 revealed perturbation in microtubule assembly and cell migration. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1209168. [PMID: 37719007 PMCID: PMC10502211 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1209168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Artemisia absinthium (wormwood) exhibits anticancer properties by inhibiting proliferation and causing cell death in breast cancer. Targeted drug delivery of A. absinthium nanoformulation using N-isopropyl acrylamide, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, and acrylic acid-based polymeric nanoparticles (NVA-AA NPs) was ensured by utilizing features of the tumor microenvironment, although their mechanism of action involved in cytotoxicity remains unknown. Methods The present study employed nano LC-MS/MS to identify differences in secretory protein expression associated with the treatment of breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7; MDA-MB-231) by NVA-AA NPs for the determination of affected pathways and easily accessible therapeutic targets. Different bioinformatics tools were used to identify signature differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) using survival analysis by GENT2 and correlation analysis between their mRNA expressions and sensitivity toward small-molecule drugs as well as immune cell infiltration by GSCA. Results Analysis by GENT2 revealed 22 signature DEPs with the most significant change in their expression regulation, namely, gelsolin, alpha-fetoprotein, complement component C3, C7, histone H2B type 1-K, histone H2A.Z, H2AX, heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein, heat shock 70 kDa protein 1-like, cytochrome c somatic, GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran, tubulin beta chain, tubulin alpha-1B chain, tubulin alpha-1C chain, phosphoglycerate mutase 1, kininogen 1, carboxypeptidase N catalytic chain, fibulin-1, peroxiredoxins 4, lactate dehydrogenase C, SPARC, and SPARC-like protein 1. Correlation analysis between their mRNA expressions versus immune cell infiltrates showed a positive correlation with antitumor immune response elicited by these NPs as well as a correlation with drug response shown by the GDSC and CTRP drugs in different cancer cells. Discussion Our results suggest that NVA-AA NPs were able to invade the tumor microenvironment; transformed the communication network between the cancer cells; affected potential drivers of microtubular integrity, nucleosome assembly, and cell cycle; and eventually caused cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Kauser
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Mughees
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sanskriti Swami
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Saima Wajid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Hassan MDS, Razali N, Abu Bakar AS, Abu Hanipah NF, Agarwal R. Connective tissue growth factor: Role in trabecular meshwork remodeling and intraocular pressure lowering. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1425-1436. [PMID: 37873757 PMCID: PMC10657592 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231199466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a distinct signaling molecule modulating many physiological and pathophysiological processes. This protein is upregulated in numerous fibrotic diseases that involve extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. It mediates the downstream effects of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and is regulated via TGF-β SMAD-dependent and SMAD-independent signaling routes. Targeting CTGF instead of its upstream regulator TGF-β avoids the consequences of interfering with the pleotropic effects of TGF-β. Both CTGF and its upstream mediator, TGF-β, have been linked with the pathophysiology of glaucomatous optic neuropathy due to their involvement in the regulation of ECM homeostasis. The excessive expression of these growth factors is associated with glaucoma pathogenesis via elevation of the intraocular pressure (IOP), the most important risk factor for glaucoma. The raised in the IOP is due to dysregulation of ECM turnover resulting in excessive ECM deposition at the site of aqueous humor outflow. It is therefore believed that CTGF could be a potential therapeutic target in glaucoma therapy. This review highlights the CTGF biology and structure, its regulation and signaling, its association with the pathophysiology of glaucoma, and its potential role as a therapeutic target in glaucoma management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Norhafiza Razali
- Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology (IMMB), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 47000 Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 47000 Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
- Center for Neuroscience Research (NeuRon), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 47000 Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
| | - Amy Suzana Abu Bakar
- Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology (IMMB), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 47000 Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
- Center for Neuroscience Research (NeuRon), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 47000 Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
| | - Noor Fahitah Abu Hanipah
- Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology (IMMB), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 47000 Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 47000 Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
| | - Renu Agarwal
- School of Medicine, International Medical University (IMU), 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Dal Berto M, Dos Santos GT, Dos Santos AV, Silva AO, Vargas JE, Alves RJV, Barbisan F, da Cruz IBM, Bica CG. Molecular markers associated with the outcome of tamoxifen treatment in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer patients: scoping review and in silico analysis. Discov Oncol 2021; 12:37. [PMID: 35201456 PMCID: PMC8777552 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-021-00432-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen (TMX) is used as adjuvant therapy for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer cases due to its affinity and inhibitory effects. However, about 30% of cases show drug resistance, resulting in recurrence and metastasis, the leading causes of death. A literature review can help to elucidate the main cellular processes involved in TMX resistance. A scoping review was performed to find clinical studies investigating the association of expression of molecular markers profiles with long-term outcomes in ER+ patients treated with TMX. In silico analysis was performed to assess the interrelationship among the selected markers, evaluating the joint involvement with the biological processes. Forty-five studies were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After clustering and gene ontology analysis, 23 molecular markers were significantly associated, forming three clusters of strong correlation with cell cycle regulation, signal transduction of proliferative stimuli, and hormone response involved in morphogenesis and differentiation of mammary gland. Also, it was found that overexpression of markers in selected clusters is a significant indicator of poor overall survival. The proposed review offered a better understanding of independent data from the literature, revealing an integrative network of markers involved in cellular processes that could modulate the response of TMX. Analysis of these mechanisms and their molecular components could improve the effectiveness of TMX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiquidieli Dal Berto
- Laboratory of Pathology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 245,Sarmento Leite street, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Giovana Tavares Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Pathology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 245,Sarmento Leite street, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Aniúsca Vieira Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Pathology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 245,Sarmento Leite street, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Andrew Oliveira Silva
- Laboratory of Pathology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 245,Sarmento Leite street, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Vargas
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Passo Fundo (UPF), 285, Brazil Avenue, Passo Fundo, RS, 99052-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael José Vargas Alves
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 245, Sarmento Leite street, Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Barbisan
- Graduate Program in Gerontology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia Giuliano Bica
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 245, Sarmento Leite street., Porto Alegre, RS, 90050-170, Brazil.
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Santana-Codina N, Muixí L, Foj R, Sanz-Pamplona R, Badia-Villanueva M, Abramowicz A, Marcé-Grau A, Cosialls AM, Gil J, Archilla I, Pedrosa L, Gonzalez J, Aldecoa I, Sierra A. GRP94 promotes brain metastasis by engaging pro-survival autophagy. Neuro Oncol 2021; 22:652-664. [PMID: 31637425 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GRP94 is a glucose-regulated protein critical for survival in endoplasmic reticulum stress. Expression of GRP94 is associated with cellular transformation and increased tumorigenicity in breast cancer. Specifically, overexpression of GRP94 predicts brain metastasis (BM) in breast carcinoma patients with either triple negative or ErbB2 positive tumors. The aim of this study was to understand if microenvironmental regulation of GRP94 expression might be a hinge orchestrating BM progression. METHODS GRP94 ablation was performed in a BM model BR-eGFP-CMV/Luc-V5CA1 (BRV5CA1) of breast cancer. In vitro results were validated in a dataset of 29 metastases in diverse organs from human breast carcinomas and in BM tissue from tumors of different primary origin. BM patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) were used to test sensitivity to the therapeutic approach. RESULTS BMs that overexpress GRP94 as well as tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 are more resistant to glucose deprivation by induction of anti-apoptotic proteins (B-cell lymphoma 2 and inhibitors of apoptosis proteins) and engagement of pro-survival autophagy. GRP94 ablation downregulated autophagy in tumor cells, resulting in increased BM survival in vivo. These results were validated in a metastasis dataset from human patients, suggesting that targeting autophagy might be strategic for BM prevention. Indeed, hydroxychloroquine treatment of preclinical models of BM from PDX exerts preventive inhibition of tumor growth (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We show that GRP94 is directly implicated in BM establishment by activating pro-survival autophagy. Disruption of this compensatory fueling route might prevent metastatic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara Santana-Codina
- Biological Clues of the Invasive and Metastatic Phenotype Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Autonomous University of Barcelona, Campus Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Muixí
- Biological Clues of the Invasive and Metastatic Phenotype Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruben Foj
- Biological Clues of the Invasive and Metastatic Phenotype Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rebeca Sanz-Pamplona
- Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Oncology Data Analytics Program (ODAP), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Colorectal Cancer Group, ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam Badia-Villanueva
- Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Center of Biomedical Research-August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agata Abramowicz
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute-Oncology Center, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna Marcé-Grau
- Biological Clues of the Invasive and Metastatic Phenotype Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana María Cosialls
- Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Campus Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, Oncobell, Bellvitge Medical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Gil
- Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Campus Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, Oncobell, Bellvitge Medical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivan Archilla
- Pathology Department, Center of Biomedical Diagnosis, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leire Pedrosa
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Gonzalez
- Department of Neurosurgery Hospital Clinic Barcelona, IDIBAPS Advances in Neurosurgery Research Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iban Aldecoa
- Pathology Department, Center of Biomedical Diagnosis, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angels Sierra
- Biological Clues of the Invasive and Metastatic Phenotype Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Center of Biomedical Research-August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Health and Social Studies Center (CESS), University of Vic‒Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
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6
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Xie S, Wang X, Gan S, Tang X, Kang X, Zhu S. The Mitochondrial Chaperone TRAP1 as a Candidate Target of Oncotherapy. Front Oncol 2021; 10:585047. [PMID: 33575209 PMCID: PMC7870996 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.585047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1), a member of the heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) chaperone family, protects cells against oxidative stress and maintains mitochondrial integrity. To date, numerous studies have focused on understanding the relationship between aberrant TRAP1 expression and tumorigenesis. Mitochondrial TRAP1 is a key regulatory factor involved in metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells that favors the metabolic switch of tumor cells toward the Warburg phenotype. In addition, TRAP1 is involved in dual regulation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and exerts an antiapoptotic effect on tumor cells. Furthermore, TRAP1 is involved in many cellular pathways by disrupting the cell cycle, increasing cell motility, and promoting tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Thus, TRAP1 is a very important therapeutic target, and treatment with TRAP1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapeutic agents may become a new therapeutic strategy for cancer. This review discusses the molecular mechanisms by which TRAP1 regulates tumor progression, considers its role in apoptosis, and summarizes recent advances in the development of selective, targeted TRAP1 and Hsp90 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulan Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuanwei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuyuan Gan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianhui Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengmei Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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7
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Mohammadian M, Zeynali-Moghaddam S, Khadem Ansari MH, Rasmi Y, Fathi Azarbayjani A, Kheradmand F. Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Levels in Colorectal Cancer Cells Treated with a Combination of Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor and Oxaliplatin or Capecitabine. Adv Pharm Bull 2019; 9:439-444. [PMID: 31592113 PMCID: PMC6773945 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2019.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) is the principal enzyme in the catabolism of fluoropyrimidine drugs including capecitabine. A recent report has suggested that oxaliplatin chemotherapy is associated with elevated DPD levels and chemoresistance pattern. As a newly developed chemotherapeutic agent, 17-allyloamino-17-demethoxy-geldanamycin (17-AAG) can be effective in combination therapy with oxaliplatin and capecitabine in colorectal cancer (CRC). DPD expression level can be a predictive factor in oxaliplatin and capecitabine-based chemotherapy. We evaluated DPD in mRNA and protein levels with new treatments: 17-AAG in combination with oxaliplatin and capecitabine in HT-29 and HCT-116 cell lines. Methods: Drug sensitivity was determined by the water-soluble tetrazolium-1 assay in a previous survey. Then, we evaluated the expression levels of DPD and its relationship with the chemotherapy response in capecitabine, oxaliplatin, and 17-AAG treated cases in single and combination cases in two panels of CRC cell lines. DPD gene and protein expression levels were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting assay, respectively. Results: DPD gene expression levels insignificantly increased in single-treated cases versus untreated controls in both cell lines versus controls. Then, the capecitabine and oxaliplatin were added in double combinations, where DPD gene and protein expression increased in combination cases compared to pre-chemotherapy and single drug treatments. Conclusion: The elevated levels of cytotoxicity in more effective combinations could be related to a different mechanism apart from DPD mediating effects or high DPD level in the remaining resistance cells (drug-insensitive cells), which should be investigated in subsequent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Mohammadian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical sciences, Urmia, I.R. Iran
| | - Shima Zeynali-Moghaddam
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical sciences, Urmia, I.R. Iran
| | | | - Yousef Rasmi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical sciences, Urmia, I.R. Iran
| | - Anahita Fathi Azarbayjani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical sciences, Urmia, I.R. Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kheradmand
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical sciences, Urmia, I.R. Iran.,Solid Tumor Research Center and Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical sciences, Urmia, I.R. Iran
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8
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An ensemble predictive modeling framework for breast cancer classification. Methods 2017; 131:128-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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9
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Boroumand N, Saghi H, Avan A, Bahreyni A, Ryzhikov M, Khazaei M, Hassanian SM. Therapeutic potency of heat-shock protein-90 pharmacological inhibitors in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer, current status and perspectives. J Pharm Pharmacol 2017; 70:151-158. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Heat-shock protein-90 (HSP90) chaperone machinery is critical to the folding, stability and activity of several client proteins including many responsible for tumour initiation, progression and metastasis. Overexpression of HSP90 is correlated with poor prognosis of GI cancer.
Key findings
Pharmacological inhibitors of HSP90 suppress tumorigenic effects of HSP90 by suppressing angiogenesis, survival, metastasis and drug resistance in GI cancer. This review summarizes the role of HSP90 inhibitors in the treatment of GI cancer.
Summary
We have presented different antitumour mechanisms of HSP90 inhibitors in cancer treatment. Suppression of HSP90 signalling via specific and novel pharmacological inhibitors is a potentially novel therapeutic approach for patients with GI cancer for a better understanding and hence a better management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Boroumand
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Saghi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Group, Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Bahreyni
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunogenetic Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Mikhail Ryzhikov
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University, School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Microanatomy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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10
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Woo JK, Jang JE, Kang JH, Seong JK, Yoon YS, Kim HC, Lee SJ, Oh SH. Lectin, Galactoside-Binding Soluble 3 Binding Protein Promotes 17-N-Allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin Resistance through PI3K/Akt Pathway in Lung Cancer Cell Line. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:1355-1365. [PMID: 28336809 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) stabilizing oncoproteins has been an attractive target in cancer therapy. 17-N-Allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), an HSP90 inhibitor, was tested in phase II/III clinical trials, but due to lack of efficacy, clinical evaluation of 17-AAG has achieved limited success, which led to resistance to 17-AAG. However, the mechanism of 17-AAG resistance has not clearly been identified. Here, we identified LGALS3BP (Lectin, galactoside-binding soluble 3 binding protein), a secretory glycoprotein, as a 17-AAG resistance factor. In the clinical reports, it was suggested that LGALS3BP was associated with low survival rate, development of cancer progression, and enhancement of metastasis in human cancers. As we confirmed that the LGALS3BP level was increased in 17-AAG-resistant cells (H1299_17R) compared with that of the parental cell line (H1299_17P), knockdown of LGALS3BP expression increased sensitivity to 17-AAG in H1299_17R cells. Overexpression of LGALS3BP also augmented PI3K/Akt and ERK signaling pathways. Furthermore, we determined that the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was involved in LGALS3BP-mediated 17-AAG resistance in vitro and in vivo, demonstrating that LGALS3BP mediates the resistance against 17-AAG through PI3K/Akt activation rather than ERK activation. These findings suggest that LGALS3BP would be a target to overcome resistance to 17-AAG in lung cancer. For example, the combination of 17-AAG and PI3K/Akt inhibitor would effectively suppress acquired resistance to 17-AAG. In conclusion, targeting of LGALS3BP-mediated-specific survival signaling pathway in resistant cells may provide a novel therapeutic model for the cancer therapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(7); 1355-65. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Kyu Woo
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Kang
- Research Institute National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo Sung Yoon
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chin Kim
- Biomedical Mouse Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jin Lee
- Research Institute National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung Hyun Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Senses KM, Ghasemi M, Akbar MW, Isbilen M, Fallacara AL, Frankenburg S, Schenone S, Lotem M, Botta M, Gure AO. Phenotype-based variation as a biomarker of sensitivity to molecularly targeted therapy in melanoma. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:88-95. [PMID: 28670440 PMCID: PMC5488266 DOI: 10.1039/c6md00466k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptomic phenotypes defined for melanoma have been reported to correlate with sensitivity to various drugs. In this study, we aimed to define a minimal signature that could be used to distinguish melanoma sub-types in vitro, and to determine suitable drugs by which these sub-types can be targeted. By using primary melanoma cell lines, as well as commercially available melanoma cell lines, we find that the evaluation of MLANA and INHBA expression is as capable as one based on a combined analysis performed with genes for stemness, EMT and invasion/proliferation, in identifying melanoma subtypes that differ in their sensitivity to molecularly targeted drugs. Using this approach, we find that 75% of melanoma cell lines can be treated with either the MEK inhibitor AZD6244 or the HSP90 inhibitor 17AAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerem M. Senses
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics
, Bilkent University
,
06800 Ankara
, Turkey
.
| | - Mehdi Ghasemi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics
, Bilkent University
,
06800 Ankara
, Turkey
.
| | - Muhammad W. Akbar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics
, Bilkent University
,
06800 Ankara
, Turkey
.
| | - Murat Isbilen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics
, Bilkent University
,
06800 Ankara
, Turkey
.
| | - Anna L. Fallacara
- Department of Biotechnology
, Chemistry and Pharmacy
, University of Siena
,
53100 Siena
, Italy
| | - Shoshana Frankenburg
- Sharett Institute of Oncology
, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital
,
Ein Karem Campus
, 91120 Jerusalem
, Israel
| | - Silvia Schenone
- Department of Pharmacy
, University of Genoa
,
16132 Genoa
, Italy
| | - Michal Lotem
- Sharett Institute of Oncology
, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital
,
Ein Karem Campus
, 91120 Jerusalem
, Israel
| | - Maurizio Botta
- Department of Biotechnology
, Chemistry and Pharmacy
, University of Siena
,
53100 Siena
, Italy
| | - Ali O. Gure
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics
, Bilkent University
,
06800 Ankara
, Turkey
.
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12
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An approach for deciphering patient-specific variations with application to breast cancer molecular expression profiles. J Biomed Inform 2016; 63:120-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2016.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Ghadban T, Jessen A, Reeh M, Dibbern JL, Mahner S, Mueller V, Wellner UF, Güngör C, Izbicki JR, Vashist YK. In vitro study comparing the efficacy of the water-soluble HSP90 inhibitors, 17-AEPGA and 17-DMAG, with that of the non‑water-soluble HSP90 inhibitor, 17-AAG, in breast cancer cell lines. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:1296-302. [PMID: 27498942 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein (HSP)90 has emerged as an important target in cancer therapeutics. Diverse HSP90 inhibitors are under evaluation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the growth inhibitory effects of the newly developed water-soluble HSP90 inhibitors, 17-[2-(Pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl]amino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AEPGA) and 17-dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-DMAG), compared to that of the non-water-soluble HSP90 inhibitor, 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG). The anti-proliferative effects of the 3 drugs on the human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7, SKBR-3 and MDA-MB-231, were examined in vitro. In addition, tumor progression factors, including human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (EGFR1) and insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor (IGF1R), as well as apoptotic markers were analysed. We found a time- and dose-dependent effect in all the tested cell lines. The effects of 17-AEPGA and 17-DMAG were equal or superior to those of 17-AAG. The 50% growth inhibition concentration was <2 µM for the water-soluble compounds following 72 h of exposure. The significant inhibition of HER2, EGFR1 and IGF1R protein expression was already evident at the concentration of 1 µM. Apoptosis was examined by caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) assay at the concentration of 1 µM of the inhibitors. HSP70 was upregulated, but HSP27 expression was not affected. Our data indicate that 17-AEPGA and 17-DMAG are highly active in breast cancer cell lines and may help to overcome the delivery issues associated with the use of 17-AAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarik Ghadban
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - André Jessen
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Reeh
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Judith L Dibbern
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Gynecology Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Volkmar Mueller
- Gynecology Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich F Wellner
- Clinic for Surgery, University Clinic of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Cenap Güngör
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob R Izbicki
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yogesh K Vashist
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
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14
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Münch C, Harper JW. Mitochondrial unfolded protein response controls matrix pre-RNA processing and translation. Nature 2016; 534:710-3. [PMID: 27350246 PMCID: PMC4939261 DOI: 10.1038/nature18302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial matrix is unique in that it must integrate the folding and assembly of proteins derived from the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) senses matrix protein misfolding and induces a program of nuclear gene expression, including mitochondrial chaperonins, to promote mitochondrial proteostasis. While misfolded mitochondrial-matrix-localized ornithine transcarbamylase induces chaperonin expression, our understanding of mammalian UPRmt is rudimentary, reflecting a lack of acute triggers for UPRmt activation. This limitation has prevented analysis of the cellular responses to matrix protein misfolding and the effects of UPRmt on mitochondrial translation to control protein folding loads. Here we combine pharmacological inhibitors of matrix-localized HSP90/TRAP1 (ref. 8) or LON protease, which promote chaperonin expression, with global transcriptional and proteomic analysis to reveal an extensive and acute response of human cells to UPRmt. This response encompasses widespread induction of nuclear genes, including matrix-localized proteins involved in folding, pre-RNA processing and translation. Functional studies revealed rapid but reversible translation inhibition in mitochondria occurring concurrently with defects in pre-RNA processing caused by transcriptional repression and LON-dependent turnover of the mitochondrial pre-RNA processing nuclease MRPP3 (ref. 10). This study reveals that acute mitochondrial protein folding stress activates both increased chaperone availability within the matrix and reduced matrix-localized protein synthesis through translational inhibition, and provides a framework for further dissection of mammalian UPRmt.
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15
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Ye XY, Luo QQ, Xu YH, Tang NW, Niu XM, Li ZM, Shen SP, Lu S, Chen ZW. 17-AAG suppresses growth and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells via regulation of the LATS1/YAP pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:651-63. [PMID: 25712415 PMCID: PMC4369821 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The large tumour suppressor 1 (LATS1) signalling network has been proved to be an essential regulator within the cell, participating in multiple cellular phenotypes. However, it is unclear concerning the clinical significance of LATS1 and the regulatory mechanisms of 17-Allylamino-17- demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) in lung adenocarcinoma (LAC). The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation of LATS1 and yes-associated protein (YAP) expression with clinicopathological characteristics in LAC patients, and the effects of 17-AAG on biological behaviours of LAC cells. Subcutaneous LAC tumour models were further established to observe the tumour growth in nude mice. The results showed that the positive expression of LATS1 was significantly lowered (26.7% versus 68.0%, P < 0.001), while that of YAP was elevated (76.0% versus 56.0%, P + 0.03) in LAC tissues compared to the adjacent non-cancerous tissues; LAST1 expression was negatively correlated with YAP expression (r + 0.432, P < 0.001) and lymphatic invasion of the tumour (P + 0.015). In addition, 17-AAG inhibited proliferation and invasion, and induced cell apoptosis and cycle arrest in LAC cells together with increased expression of E-cadherin and p-LATS1, and decreased expression of YAP and connective tissue growth factor. Tumour volumes and weight were much smaller in 17-AAG-treated groups than those in untreated group (P < 0.01). Taken together, our findings indicate that decreased expression of LATS1 is associated with lymphatic invasion of LAC, and 17-AAG suppresses growth and invasion of LAC cells via regulation of the LATS1/YAP pathway in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that we may provide a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of human LAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yun Ye
- Department of Shanghai Lung Tumor Clinical Medical Centre, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Shervington L, Patil H, Shervington A. Could the Anti-Chaperone VER155008 Replace Temozolomide for Glioma Treatment. J Cancer 2015; 6:786-94. [PMID: 26185541 PMCID: PMC4504115 DOI: 10.7150/jca.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer inducible molecular chaperone HSP90 is of great importance as an anticancer target. Proteomic analysis showed that inhibiting HSP90 by the geldanamycin derivative, 17-AAG elevated the expression of the co-chaperone Hsp70. In this study we used HSP90 selective inhibitor 17-AAG and HSP70/90 dual inhibitor, VER155008 (VER) in U87-MG glioma cells. miRNAs microarray technology was used to evaluate the efficacy of these inhibitory drugs compared with temozolomide (TMZ), used as a standard treatment for glioma. Microarrays data identified 154 differentially expressed miRNAs using stringent or unstringent parameters. 16 miRNAs were overlapped between treatments, 13 upregulated and one downregulated miRNA were overlapped between TMZ and VER. The miRNA target prediction software was used for these overlapped miRNAs and identified 6 of the 13 upregulated miRNAs target methyltransferase genes. The IC50, together with Akt and HSP70 and 90 protein level data favour VER and TMZ to 17-AAG, however due to the selectivity of VER to cancer cells as a potent antichaperon, it may be more favourable to the standard TMZ.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amal Shervington
- Brain Tumour North West, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE. UK
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17
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Ghalhar MG, Akbarzadeh A, Rahmati M, Mellatyar H, Dariushnejad H, Zarghami N, Barkhordari A. Comparison of inhibitory effects of 17-AAG nanoparticles and free 17-AAG on HSP90 gene expression in breast cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:7113-8. [PMID: 25227799 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.17.7113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HSP90 may be overexpressed in cancer cells which are greatly dependent on Hsp90 function. Geldanamycin derivative 17 allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) inhibits the function and expression of HSP90. 17-AAG has poor water-solubility which is a potential problem for clinical practice. In this study for improving the stability and solubility of molecules in drug delivery systems we used a β-cyclodextrin- 17AAG complex. MATERIALS AND METHODS To assess cytotoxic effects of β-cyclodextrin-17AAG complexes and free 17AAG, colorimetric cell viability (MTT) assays were performed. Cells were treated with equal concentrations of β-cyclodextrin- 17AAG complex and free 17AAG and Hsp90 gene expression levels in the two groups was compared by real-time PCR. RESULTS MTT assay confirmed that β-cyclodextrin- 17AAG complex enhanced 17AAG cytotoxicity and drug delivery in T47D breast cancer cells. The level of Hsp90 gene expression in cells treated with β-cyclodextrin- 17AAG complex was lower than that of cells treated with free 17AAG (P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrated that β-cyclodextrin- 17AAG complexes are more effective than free 17AAG in down-regulating HSP90 expression due to enhanced β-cyclodextrin-17AAG uptake by cells. Therefore, β-cyclodextrin could be superior carrier for this kind of hydrophobic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Gandomkar Ghalhar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran E-mail :
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18
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Sublethal concentrations of 17-AAG suppress homologous recombination DNA repair and enhance sensitivity to carboplatin and olaparib in HR proficient ovarian cancer cells. Oncotarget 2015; 5:2678-87. [PMID: 24798692 PMCID: PMC4058036 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The promise of PARP-inhibitors(PARPis) in the management of epithelial ovarian cancer(EOC) is tempered by the fact that approximately 50% of patients with homologous recombination (HR)-proficient tumors do not respond well to these agents. Combination of PARPis with agents that inhibit HR may represent an effective strategy to enhance their activity in HR-proficient tumors. Using a bioinformatics approach, we identified that heat shock protein 90 inhibitors(HSP90i) may suppress HR and thus revert HR-proficient to HR-deficient tumors. Analysis of publicly available gene expression data showed that exposure of HR-proficient breast cancer cell lines to HSP90i 17-AAG(17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin) downregulated HR, ATM and Fanconi Anemia pathways. In HR-proficient EOC cells, 17-AAG suppressed HR as assessed using the RAD51 foci formation assay and this was further confirmed using the Direct Repeat-GFP reporter assay. Furthermore, 17-AAG downregulated BRCA1 and/or RAD51 protein levels, and induced significantly more γH2AX activation in combination with olaparib compared to olaparib alone. Finally, sublethal concentrations of 17-AAG sensitized HR-proficient EOC lines to olaparib and carboplatin but did not affect sensitivity of the HR-deficient OVCAR8 line arguing that the 17-AAG mediated sensitization is dependent on suppression of HR. These results provide a preclinical rationale for using a combination of olaparib/17-AAG in HR-proficient EOC.
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Chen Y, Chen J, Loo A, Jaeger S, Bagdasarian L, Yu J, Chung F, Korn J, Ruddy D, Guo R, McLaughlin ME, Feng F, Zhu P, Stegmeier F, Pagliarini R, Porter D, Zhou W. Targeting HSF1 sensitizes cancer cells to HSP90 inhibition. Oncotarget 2014; 4:816-29. [PMID: 23615731 PMCID: PMC3757240 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) facilitates the appropriate folding of various oncogenic proteins and is necessary for the survival of some cancer cells. HSP90 is therefore an attractive drug target, but the efficacy of HSP90 inhibitor may be limited by HSP90 inhibition induced feedback mechanisms. Through pooled RNA interference screens, we identified that heat shock factor 1(HSF1) is a sensitizer of HSP90 inhibitor. A striking combinational effect was observed when HSF1 knockdown plus with HSP90 inhibitors treatment in various cancer cell lines and tumor mouse models. Interestingly, HSF1 is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patient samples and HCC is sensitive to combinational treatment, indicating a potential indication for the combinational treatment. To understand the mechanism of the combinational effect, we identified that a HSF1-target gene DEDD2 is involved in attenuating the effect of HSP90 inhibitors. Thus, the transcriptional activities of HSF1 induced by HSP90 inhibitors provide a feedback mechanism of limiting the HSP90 inhibitor's activity, and targeting HSF1 may provide a new avenue to enhance HSP90 inhibitors activity in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyu Chen
- Oncology, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
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A three step network based approach (TSNBA) to finding disease molecular signature and key regulators: a case study of IL-1 and TNF-alpha stimulated inflammation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94360. [PMID: 24747419 PMCID: PMC3991618 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A disease molecular signature is a set of biomolecular features that are prognostic of clinical phenotypes and indicative of underlying pathology. It is of great importance to develop computational approaches for finding more relevant molecular signatures. Based upon the hypothesis that various components in a molecular signature are more likely to share similar patterns, we introduced a novel three step network based approach (TSNBA) to identify the molecular signature and key pathological regulators. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and ranking algorithm were integrated in the first step to find pathology related proteins with high accuracy. It was followed by the second step to further screen with co-expression patterns for better pathology enrichment. Context likelihood of relatedness (CLR) algorithm was used in the third step to infer gene regulatory networks and identify key transcription regulators. We applied this approach to study IL-1 (interleukin-1) and TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) stimulated inflammation. TSNBA identified inflammatory signature with high accuracy and outperformed 5 competing methods namely fold change, degree, interconnectivity, neighborhood score and network propagation based approaches. The best molecular signature, with 80% (40/50) confirmed inflammatory genes, was used to predict inflammation related genes. As a result, 8 out of 10 predicted inflammation genes that were not included in the benchmark Entrez Gene database were validated by literature evidence. Furthermore, 23 of the 32 predicted inflammation regulators were validated by literature evidence. The rest 9 were also validated with TF (transcription factor) binding site analysis. In conclusion, we developed an efficient strategy for disease molecular signature finding and key pathological regulator identification.
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Weinstain R, Kanter J, Friedman B, Ellies LG, Baker ME, Tsien RY. Fluorescent ligand for human progesterone receptor imaging in live cells. Bioconjug Chem 2013; 24:766-71. [PMID: 23600997 PMCID: PMC3658552 DOI: 10.1021/bc3006418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We employed molecular modeling to design and then synthesize fluorescent ligands for the human progesterone receptor. Boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) or tetramethylrhodamine were conjugated to the progesterone receptor antagonist RU486 (Mifepristone) through an extended hydrophilic linker. The fluorescent ligands demonstrated comparable bioactivity to the parent antagonist in live cells and triggered nuclear translocation of the receptor in a specific manner. The BODIPY labeled ligand was applied to investigate the dependency of progesterone receptor nuclear translocation on partner proteins and to show that functional heat shock protein 90 but not immunophilin FKBP52 activity is essential. A tissue distribution study indicated that the fluorescent ligand preferentially accumulates in tissues that express high levels of the receptor in vivo. The design and properties of the BODIPY-labeled RU486 make it a potential candidate for in vivo imaging of PR by positron emission tomography through incorporation of (18)F into the BODIPY core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Weinstain
- Department of Pharmacology 0647, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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22
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Datta K, Hyduke DR, Suman S, Moon BH, Johnson MD, Fornace AJ. Exposure to ionizing radiation induced persistent gene expression changes in mouse mammary gland. Radiat Oncol 2012; 7:205. [PMID: 23216862 PMCID: PMC3551737 DOI: 10.1186/1748-717x-7-205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast tissue is among the most sensitive tissues to the carcinogenic actions of ionizing radiation and epidemiological studies have linked radiation exposure to breast cancer. Currently, molecular understanding of radiation carcinogenesis in mammary gland is hindered due to the scarcity of in vivo long-term follow up data. We undertook this study to delineate radiation-induced persistent alterations in gene expression in mouse mammary glands 2-month after radiation exposure. Methods Six to eight week old female C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 2 Gy of whole body γ radiation and mammary glands were surgically removed 2-month after radiation. RNA was isolated and microarray hybridization performed for gene expression analysis. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was used for biological interpretation of microarray data. Real time quantitative PCR was performed on selected genes to confirm the microarray data. Results Compared to untreated controls, the mRNA levels of a total of 737 genes were significantly (p<0.05) perturbed above 2-fold of control. More genes (493 genes; 67%) were upregulated than the number of downregulated genes (244 genes; 33%). Functional analysis of the upregulated genes mapped to cell proliferation and cancer related canonical pathways such as ‘ERK/MAPK signaling’, ‘CDK5 signaling’, and ‘14-3-3-mediated signaling’. We also observed upregulation of breast cancer related canonical pathways such as ‘breast cancer regulation by Stathmin1’, and ‘HER-2 signaling in breast cancer’ in IPA. Interestingly, the downregulated genes mapped to fewer canonical pathways involved in cell proliferation. We also observed that a number of genes with tumor suppressor function (GPRC5A, ELF1, NAB2, Sema4D, ACPP, MAP2, RUNX1) persistently remained downregulated in response to radiation exposure. Results from qRT-PCR on five selected differentially expressed genes confirmed microarray data. The PCR data on PPP4c, ELF1, MAPK12, PLCG1, and E2F6 showed similar trend in up and downregulation as has been observed with the microarray. Conclusions Exposure to a clinically relevant radiation dose led to long-term activation of mammary gland genes involved in proliferative and metabolic pathways, which are known to have roles in carcinogenesis. When considered along with downregulation of a number of tumor suppressor genes, our study has implications for breast cancer initiation and progression after therapeutic radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Datta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Rd, Washington, DC, NW 20057-1468, USA.
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Rao A, Taylor JL, Chi-Sabins N, Kawabe M, Gooding WE, Storkus WJ. Combination therapy with HSP90 inhibitor 17-DMAG reconditions the tumor microenvironment to improve recruitment of therapeutic T cells. Cancer Res 2012; 72:3196-206. [PMID: 22552283 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-0538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ineffective recognition of tumor cells by CD8+ T cells is a limitation of cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, treatment regimens that coordinately promote enhanced antitumor CD8+ T-cell activation, delivery, and target cell recognition should yield greater clinical benefit. Using an MCA205 sarcoma model, we show that in vitro treatment of tumor cells with the HSP90 inhibitor 17-DMAG results in the transient (proteasome-dependent) degradation of the HSP90 client protein EphA2 and the subsequent increased recognition of tumor cells by Type-1 anti-EphA2 CD8+ T cells. In vivo administration of 17-DMAG to tumor-bearing mice led to slowed tumor growth, enhanced/prolonged recognition of tumor cells by anti-EphA2 CD8+ T cells, reduced levels of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells in the tumor microenvironment, and activation of tumor-associated vascular endothelial cells in association with elevated levels of Type-1 tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. When combined with EphA2-specific active vaccination or the adoptive transfer of EphA2-specific CD8+ T cells, 17-DMAG cotreatment yielded a superior tumor therapeutic regimen that was capable of rendering animals free of disease. Taken together, our findings indicate that 17-DMAG functions as an immune adjuvant in the context of vaccines targeting EphA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Rao
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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Menezes DL, Taverna P, Jensen MR, Abrams T, Stuart D, Yu GK, Duhl D, Machajewski T, Sellers WR, Pryer NK, Gao Z. The novel oral Hsp90 inhibitor NVP-HSP990 exhibits potent and broad-spectrum antitumor activities in vitro and in vivo. Mol Cancer Ther 2012; 11:730-9. [PMID: 22246440 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-11-0667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel oral Hsp90 inhibitor, NVP-HSP990, has been developed and characterized in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, NVP-HSP990 exhibits single digit nanomolar IC(50) values on three of the Hsp90 isoforms (Hsp90α, Hsp90β, and GRP94) and 320 nanomolar IC(50) value on the fourth (TRAP-1), with selectivity against unrelated enzymes, receptors, and kinases. In c-Met amplified GTL-16 gastric tumor cells, NVP-HSP990 dissociated the Hsp90-p23 complex, depleted client protein c-Met, and induced Hsp70. NVP-HSP990 potently inhibited the growth of human cell lines and primary patient samples from a variety of tumor types. In vivo, NVP-HSP990 exhibits drug-like pharmaceutical and pharmacologic properties with high oral bioavailability. In the GTL-16 xenograft model, a single oral administration of 15 mg/kg of NVP-HSP990 induced sustained downregulation of c-Met and upregulation of Hsp70. In repeat dosing studies, NVP-HSP990 treatment resulted in tumor growth inhibition of GTL-16 and other human tumor xenograft models driven by well-defined oncogenic Hsp90 client proteins. On the basis of its pharmacologic profile and broad-spectrum antitumor activities, clinical trials have been initiated to evaluate NVP-HSP990 in advanced solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Menezes
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
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NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) in the sensitivity and resistance to antitumor quinones. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 83:1033-40. [PMID: 22209713 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Quinones represent a large and diverse class of antitumor drugs and many quinones are approved for clinical use or are currently undergoing evaluation in clinical trials. For many quinones reduction to the hydroquinone has been shown to play a key role in their antitumor activity. The two-electron reduction of quinones by NQO1 has been shown to be an efficient pathway to hydroquinone formation. NQO1 is expressed at high levels in many human solid tumors making this enzyme ideally suited for intracellular drug activation. Cellular levels of NQO1 are influenced by the NQO1*2 polymorphism. Individuals homozygous for the NQO1*2 allele are NQO1 null and homozygous NQO1*2*2 cell lines have been shown to be more resistant to antitumor quinones when compared to isogenic cell lines overexpressing NQO1. In this review we will discuss the role of NQO1 in the sensitivity and resistance of human cancers to the quinone antitumor drugs mitomycin C, β-lapachone and the benzoquinone ansamycin class of Hsp90 inhibitors including 17-AAG. The role of NQO1 in the bioreductive activation of mitomycin C remains controversial but pre-clinical data strongly suggests a role for NQO1 in the activation of β-lapachone and the benzoquinone ansamycin class of Hsp90 inhibitors. Despite a large volume of preclinical data demonstrating that NQO1 is an important determinant of sensitivity to these antitumor quinones there is little information on whether the clinical response to these agents is influenced by the NQO1*2 polymorphism. The availability of simple assays for the determination of the NQO1*2 polymorphism should facilitate clinical testing of this hypothesis.
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