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TNBC Therapeutics Based on Combination of Fusarochromanone with EGFR Inhibitors. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112906. [PMID: 36428475 PMCID: PMC9687139 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarochromanone is an experimental drug with unique and potent anti-cancer activity. Current cancer therapies often incorporate a combination of drugs to increase efficacy and decrease the development of drug resistance. In this study, we used drug combinations and cellular phenotypic screens to address important questions about FC101's mode of action and its potential therapeutic synergies in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). We hypothesized that FC101's activity against TNBC is similar to the mTOR inhibitor, everolimus, because FC101 downregulates the phosphorylation of two mTOR substrates, S6K and S6. Since everolimus synergistically enhances the anti-cancer activities of two known EGFR inhibitors (erlotinib or lapatinib) in TNBC, we performed analogous studies with FC101. Phenotypic cellular assays helped assess whether FC101 acts similarly to everolimus, in both single and combination treatments with the two inhibitors. FC101 outperformed all other single treatments in both cell proliferation and viability assays. However, unlike everolimus, FC101 produced a sustained decrease in cell viability in drug washout studies. None of the other drugs were able to maintain comparable effects upon removal. Although we observed slightly additive effects when the TNBC cells were treated with FC101 and the two EGFR inhibitors, those effects were not truly synergistic in the manner displayed with everolimus.
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Marshall JW, de Mattos-Shipley KMJ, Ghannam IAY, Munawar A, Killen JC, Lazarus CM, Cox RJ, Willis CL, Simpson TJ. Fusarochromene, a novel tryptophan-derived metabolite from Fusarium sacchari. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:182-187. [PMID: 33107888 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02031a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fusarochromene isolated from the plant pathogenic fungus, Fusarium sacchari is closely related to a group of mycotoxins including fusarochromanone previously isolated from various Fusaria spp. Despite their assumed polyketide biogenesis, incorporation studies with 13C-labelled acetate, glycerol and tryptophans show that fusarochromene is unexpectedly derived via oxidative cleavage of the aromatic amino acid tryptophan. A putative biosynthetic gene cluster has been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Marshall
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
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Herrera-R A, Moreno G, Araque P, Vásquez I, Naranjo E, Alzate F, Cardona-G W. In-vitro Chemopreventive Potential of a Chromone from Bomarea setacea (ALSTROEMERIACEAE) against Colorectal Cancer. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 20:254-267. [PMID: 34567160 PMCID: PMC8457729 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.113745.14466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chemoprevention with natural products may provide important alternatives in the search for new drugs to treat cancer. Thus, the ethanol extract of Bomarea setacea and its secondary metabolite (chromone) were evaluated in-vitro in SW480 and SW620 human adenocarcinoma colon cells to identify a possible effect on cell growth, antiproliferative and/or proapoptotic activity. The ethanol extract did not show growth inhibition of these cell lines 48 h after treatment; besides, it required higher concentration and time to have an antiproliferative effect. On the other hand, although the chromone was not as active as the reference drug (5-FU), it displayed a greater selectivity, being 156-fold more selective against SW480 cells (SI => 100) and 255-fold against SW620 cells (SI => 86,9). Additionally, the chromone caused an important arrest in G2/M (44.18%) with an important accumulation in subG0/G1 phase in SW620 cells, inducing loss in mitochondrial membrane potential and damage in the cell membrane of both cell lines, with activation of caspase 3, suggesting an apoptotic process independent of ROS production and p53 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie Herrera-R
- Química de Plantas Colombianas, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52–21, A.A 1226, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Gustavo Moreno
- Química de Plantas Colombianas, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52–21, A.A 1226, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Pedronel Araque
- Grupo de Investigación e Innovación en Formulaciones Químicas, Escuela de ciencias de la vida, EIA University, km 2 + 200 Vía José María Córdova airport, Postal Code 055428, Envigado, Colombia.
| | - Isabel Vásquez
- Química de Plantas Colombianas, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52–21, A.A 1226, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Elizabeth Naranjo
- Química de Plantas Colombianas, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52–21, A.A 1226, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Fernando Alzate
- Grupo de Estudios Botánicos, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Antioquia UdeA, A.A. 1226 Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Wilson Cardona-G
- Química de Plantas Colombianas, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Antioquia, UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52–21, A.A 1226, Medellín, Colombia.
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Duan YD, Jiang YY, Guo FX, Chen LX, Xu LL, Zhang W, Liu B. The antitumor activity of naturally occurring chromones: A review. Fitoterapia 2019; 135:114-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
Abstract
Fungi remain a promising source of novel biologically active compounds with potentials in drug discovery and development. This study was aimed at investigating the secondary metabolites from endophytic Fusarium equiseti and Epicoccum sorghinum associated with leaves of Carica papaya collected from Agulu, Anambra State, Nigeria. Isolation of the endophytic fungi, taxonomic identification, fermentation, extraction and isolation of fungal secondary metabolites were carried out using standard procedures. Chromatographic separation and spectroscopic analyses of the fungal secondary metabolites yielded three toxigenic compounds - equisetin and its epimer 5’- epiequisetin from F. equiseti and tenuazonic acid from E. sorghinum These compounds are known to possess several beneficial biological properties that can be explored for pharmaceutical, agricultural or industrial purposes.
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Abastabar M, Akbari A, Akhtari J, Hedayati MT, Shokohi T, Mehrad-Majd H, Ghalehnoei H, Ghasemi S. In vitro antitumor activity of patulin on cervical and colorectal cancer cell lines. Curr Med Mycol 2017. [PMID: 29302627 PMCID: PMC5747586 DOI: 10.29252/cmm.3.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Patulin is a mycotoxin produced by some molds, especially Aspergillus and Penicilium, and is responsible for mycotoxicosis in animals and humans. There is still not very detailed data about the anti-cancer potency of patulin, but some reports demonstrated that it induces cellular apoptosis and toxicity. Materials and Methods: To determine the efficacy of patulin as a therapeutic strategy for cervical and colorectal cancers, we investigated its effects on HeLa,SW-48, and MRC-5 cell lines. Cell lines were exposed to various concentrations of patulin (i.e., 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 µM), then using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assays, the rates of apoptosis and cell viability were determined. Results: The obtained results showed a significant reduction in cell viability and apoptosis induction in a dose-dependent manner. Among all the cell lines, the highest growth inhibition rate was obtained at the 4 μM concentration of patulin. Conclusion: Our results suggested that patulin could significantly decrease tumor growth in human cervical and colorectal cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abastabar
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - A Akbari
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - J Akhtari
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - M T Hedayati
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - T Shokohi
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - H Mehrad-Majd
- Clinical Research Unit, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - H Ghalehnoei
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - S Ghasemi
- Students Research Committee, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Abastabar M, Akbari A, Akhtari J, Hedayati MT, Shokohi T, Mehrad-Majd H, Ghalehnoei H, Ghasemi S. In vitro antitumor activity of patulin on cervical and colorectal cancer cell lines. Curr Med Mycol 2017; 3:25-29. [PMID: 29302627 PMCID: PMC5747586 DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.cmm.3.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patulin is a mycotoxin produced by some molds, especially Aspergillus and Penicilium, and is responsible for mycotoxicosis in animals and humans.There is still not very detailed data about the anti-cancer potency of patulin, but some reports demonstrated that it induces cellular apoptosis and toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS To determine the efficacy of patulin as a therapeutic strategy for cervical and colorectal cancers, we investigated its effects on HeLa,SW-48, and MRC-5 cell lines. Cell lines were exposed to various concentrations of patulin (i.e., 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 µM), then using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assays, the rates of apoptosis and cell viability were determined. RESULTS The obtained results showed a significant reduction in cell viability and apoptosis induction in a dose-dependent manner. Among all the cell lines, the highest growth inhibition rate was obtained at the 4 μM concentration of patulin. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that patulin could significantly decrease tumor growth in human cervical and colorectal cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abastabar
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - A Akbari
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - J Akhtari
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - MT Hedayati
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - T Shokohi
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - H Mehrad-Majd
- Clinical Research Unit, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - H Ghalehnoei
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - S Ghasemi
- Students Research Committee, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Gu Y, Barzegar M, Chen X, Wu Y, Shang C, Mahdavian E, Salvatore BA, Jiang S, Huang S. Fusarochromanone-induced reactive oxygen species results in activation of JNK cascade and cell death by inhibiting protein phosphatases 2A and 5. Oncotarget 2016; 6:42322-33. [PMID: 26517353 PMCID: PMC4747228 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that fusarochromanone (FC101), a mycotoxin, is cytotoxic in a variety of cell lines. However, the molecular mechanism underlying its cytotoxicity remains elusive. Here we found that FC101 induced cell death in COS7 and HEK293 cells in part by activating JNK pathway. This is evidenced by the findings that inhibition of JNK with SP600125 or expression of dominant negative c-Jun partially prevented FC101-induced cell death. Furthermore, we observed that FC101-activated JNK pathway was attributed to induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Pretreatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger and antioxidant, suppressed FC101-induced activation of JNK and cell death. Moreover, we noticed that FC101 inhibited the serine/threonine protein phosphatases 2A (PP2A) and 5 (PP5) in the cells, which was abrogated by NAC. Overexpression of PP2A or PP5 partially prevented FC101-induced activation of JNK and cell death. The results indicate that FC101-induced ROS inhibits PP2A and PP5, leading to activation of JNK pathway and consequently resulting in cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Mansoureh Barzegar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Xin Chen
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Chaowei Shang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA.,Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Elahe Mahdavian
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Louisiana State University, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Brian A Salvatore
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Louisiana State University, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Shanxiang Jiang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA.,Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
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El-Saadi MW, Williams-Hart T, Salvatore BA, Mahdavian E. Use of in-silico assays to characterize the ADMET profile and identify potential therapeutic targets of fusarochromanone, a novel anti-cancer agent. In Silico Pharmacol 2015; 3:6. [PMID: 26820891 PMCID: PMC4464579 DOI: 10.1186/s40203-015-0010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE For 30 years nature has provided a plethora of natural products with potential meaningful anti-cancer activity. Fusarochromanone (FC101a) is a small molecule fungal metabolite exhibiting potent in-vitro growth inhibitory effects and is capable of inducing apoptosis, suppressing angiogenesis and tumorigenesis, and inhibiting endothelial cell growth in multiple cancer cell lines. Despite all we know regarding FC101a, the mechanism of action and molecular target(s) of this compound have remained an enigma. Furthermore, modest in-vivo activity has been documented and requires addressing. METHOD Early stage pharmacokinetics (PK) assessment is vital to successful drug development. Herein, we aimed to use in-silico assays to i) characterize an in-depth ADMET profile of FC101a and ii) to probe for possible therapeutic targets. Two-dimensional SDF files of FC101a and 13 analogs were introduced into ADMET Predictor Version 7.1 that parses the structures in order to calculate molecular descriptors, which are used to estimate ADMET properties. Calculated ADMET values were analyzed and subjected to multiple drug-like indices, delivering a PK profile of each analog. To probe for possible targets, a total of 49 proteins were introduced into SYBYL-X Version 2.0 platform and the deepest binding pocket of each protein was virtually docked with parent compound, FC101a; with the negative control, FC101b; and with the model compound, kynurenine. RESULTS Each analog showed promising ADMET qualities, although FC101 Oxazole was identified as the most optimized analog. Despite FC101a having a desirable ADME and toxicity profile, areas of concern were identified and must be addressed in-vitro. These include potential mutagenic properties and estrogen receptor toxicity. We provide potential avenues medicinal chemists could use to achieve higher effective permeation, higher blood brain barrier (BBB) penetration, and higher aqueous solubility in FC101a. Molecular docking assays revealed procaspase-8 - cFLIP(L) complex as a potential biological target and led to proposed mechanisms of action by which FC101a facilitates procaspase-8 heterodimerization, thereby increasing proteolytic activity and up regulating extrinsic apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our data revealed both potential mechanisms of action and a promising ADMET profile of FC101a. These attributes render FC101a a promising lead candidate for development into a low toxic anti-cancer agent effective against a broad range of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Wynne El-Saadi
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, LSU-Shreveport, One University Place, 71115, Shreveport, LA, USA.
| | - Tara Williams-Hart
- Department of Biological Science, LSU-Shreveport, 71115, Shreveport, LA, USA.
| | - Brian A Salvatore
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, LSU-Shreveport, One University Place, 71115, Shreveport, LA, USA.
| | - Elahe Mahdavian
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, LSU-Shreveport, One University Place, 71115, Shreveport, LA, USA.
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