1
|
Seo J, Kim H, Min J, Kim Y, Jeon IH, D'Lima D, Koh KH. Development of in vitro osteoporosis model in minipig proximal humerus and femur: validation in histological and biomechanical study. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:615. [PMID: 37608307 PMCID: PMC10463625 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04102-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The minipig has been used for research in various fields of medicine, even in orthopedics. Though previous studies have already suggested other methods to create osteoporotic bone, those methods had some disadvantages for taking time and efforts. Therefore, we aimed to generate osteoporotic proximal humerus and proximal femur of minipig using EDTA solution and validate their properties through dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), micro-CT study, histological and biomechanical ways. METHODS Six minipigs were used. Out of a total of 12 proximal humerus (PH) and 12 proximal femurs (PF), 6 PH and 6 PF were used as the decalcified group and the opposite side as the non-decalcified group. In vitro decalcification with Ca-chelating agents (0.5 M EDTA solution, pH 7.4) was used. Area BMD (aBMD) was measured using DEXA, Volumetric BMD (vBMD), and microstructure were measured using micro-CT. Universal testing machine was used to measure ultimate load to failure (ULTF). Each group was compared using two types of suture anchors (all-suture anchor, ASA, and conventional screw type anchor, CA). RESULTS There was a significant difference in aBMD and cortical thickness (aBMD: decalcified, 0.433 ± 0.073 g/cm2, undecalcified, 0.962 ± 0.123 g/cm2, p < 0.001; cortical thickness: decalcified, 0.33 ± 0.34 mm, undecalcified, 1.61 ± 0.45 mm, p < 0.001). In the case of ASA, the ULTF was significantly lower in the decalcified group (decalcified: 176.6 ± 74.2 N, non-decalcified: 307.7 ± 116.5 N, p = 0.003). In the case of CA, there was no significant difference (decalcified: 265.1 ± 96.0 N, undecalcified: 289.4 ± 114.5 N, p = 0.578). CONCLUSION We demonstrated that decalcification with EDTA solution significantly decreased aBMD, vBMD, and cortical thickness. Decalcified minipig bone using EDTA resulted in similar biomechanical properties as osteoporotic human bone with respect to anchor pull-out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghyeon Seo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Areumcheil Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojune Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Daejeon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joongkee Min
- Asan Medical Center, Convergence Medicine Research Center, Computerized Tomography Core, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongwoo Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Daejeon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Ho Jeon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Darry D'Lima
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic, Scripps Health, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kyoung Hwan Koh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic, Scripps Health, San Diego, CA, USA.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Goutchtat R, Quenon A, Clarisse M, Delalleau N, Coddeville A, Gobert M, Gmyr V, Kerr-Conte J, Pattou F, Hubert T. Effects of subtotal pancreatectomy and long-term glucose and lipid overload on insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis in minipigs. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2023:e425. [PMID: 37144278 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nowadays, there are no strong diabetic pig models, yet they are required for various types of diabetes research. Using cutting-edge techniques, we attempted to develop a type 2 diabetic minipig model in this study by combining a partial pancreatectomy (Px) with an energetic overload administered either orally or parenterally. METHODS Different groups of minipigs, including Göttingen-like (GL, n = 17) and Ossabaw (O, n = 4), were developed. Prior to and following each intervention, metabolic assessments were conducted. First, the metabolic responses of the Göttingen-like (n = 3) and Ossabaw (n = 4) strains to a 2-month High-Fat, High-Sucrose diet (HFHSD) were compared. Then, other groups of GL minipigs were established: with a single Px (n = 10), a Px combined with a 2-month HFHSD (n = 6), and long-term intraportal glucose and lipid infusions that were either preceded by a Px (n = 4) or not (n = 4). RESULTS After the 2-month HFHSD, there was no discernible change between the GL and O minipigs. The pancreatectomized group in GL minipigs showed a significantly lower Acute Insulin Response (AIR) (18.3 ± 10.0 IU/mL after Px vs. 34.9 ± 13.7 IU/mL before, p < .0005). In both long-term intraportal infusion groups, an increase in the Insulinogenic (IGI) and Hepatic Insulin Resistance Indexes (HIRI) was found with a decrease in the AIR, especially in the pancreatectomized group (IGI: 4.2 ± 1.9 after vs. 1.5 ± 0.8 before, p < .05; HIRI (×10-5 ): 12.6 ± 7.9 after vs. 3.8 ± 4.3 before, p < .05; AIR: 24.4 ± 13.7 µIU/mL after vs. 43.9 ± 14.5 µIU/mL before, p < .005). Regardless of the group, there was no fasting hyperglycemia. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we used pancreatectomy followed by long-term intraportal glucose and lipid infusions to develop an original minipig model with metabolic syndrome and early signs of glucose intolerance. We reaffirm the pig's usefulness as a preclinical model for the metabolic syndrome but without the fasting hyperglycemia that characterizes diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rébecca Goutchtat
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, UFR3S, U1190 - Egid, Lille, France
| | - Audrey Quenon
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, UFR3S, U1190 - Egid, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, UFR3S, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire de Recherche et d'Enseignement (Dhure), Lille, France
| | | | - Nathalie Delalleau
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, UFR3S, U1190 - Egid, Lille, France
| | - Anaïs Coddeville
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, UFR3S, U1190 - Egid, Lille, France
| | - Mathilde Gobert
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, UFR3S, U1190 - Egid, Lille, France
| | - Valéry Gmyr
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, UFR3S, U1190 - Egid, Lille, France
| | - Julie Kerr-Conte
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, UFR3S, U1190 - Egid, Lille, France
| | - François Pattou
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, UFR3S, U1190 - Egid, Lille, France
| | - Thomas Hubert
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, UFR3S, U1190 - Egid, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, UFR3S, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire de Recherche et d'Enseignement (Dhure), Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang L, Zhang D, Zhan W, Zeng Z, Yin J, Wang K, Wang H, Song L, Gu Z, Guo C, Zhong Q, Wang W, Rong X, Bei W, Guo J. Chinese medicine Fufang Zhenzhu Tiaozhi capsule ameliorates coronary atherosclerosis in diabetes mellitus-related coronary heart disease minipigs. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113831. [PMID: 36228370 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus-related coronary heart disease (DM-CHD) is the most common cause of death in diabetic patients. Various studies have shown that Chinese medicine Fufang-Zhenzhu-Tiaozhi capsule (FTZ) has therapeutic effects on cardiovascular diseases. More research is required to determine the mechanism of FTZ protection against coronary atherosclerosis. OBJECTIVE To investigate the unique mechanism of FTZ in treatment of DM-CHD minipigs with coronary atherosclerosis. METHODS High-fat/high-sucrose/high-cholesterol diet combined with streptozotocin and coronary balloon injury were used to induce DM-CHD minipig model, which was then randomly divided into: DM-CHD model, DM-CHD treated with FTZ or positive drug (Metformin + Atorvastatin, M+A). After twenty-two weeks, ultrasonography, electrocardiography, and image detection were employed to detect cardiac functions and assess coronary artery stenosis and plaque. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated high glucose or/and FTZ. Pigs tissues and treated-cells were collected for further testing. RESULTS In DM-CHD minipigs, FTZ treatment significantly reduced disordered glycolipid metabolism similar as M+A administration. FTZ and M+A also alleviated coronary stenosis and myocardial injury. In addition, IκB and NF-κB phosphorylation levels, as well as the protein levels of IL-1β, Bax, cleave-Caspase 3, Bcl-2, and α-SMA were dramatically increased in the DM-CHD coronary artery, whereas CD31 and VE-cadherin expressions were decreased. Similar to M+A, FTZ reversed these protein levels in the DM-CHD coronary artery. Furthermore, FTZ ameliorated the damage and high migration activity of HUVECs induced by high glucose. CONCLUSIONS FTZ improves coronary atherosclerosis through modulating inflammation, alleviating apoptosis, and inhibiting EndMT of coronary artery to protects against DM-CHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lexun Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), SATCM Level 3 Lab of Lipid Metabolism, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dongxing Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), SATCM Level 3 Lab of Lipid Metabolism, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenjing Zhan
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), SATCM Level 3 Lab of Lipid Metabolism, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhihuan Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianying Yin
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), SATCM Level 3 Lab of Lipid Metabolism, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), SATCM Level 3 Lab of Lipid Metabolism, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), SATCM Level 3 Lab of Lipid Metabolism, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lixia Song
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), SATCM Level 3 Lab of Lipid Metabolism, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhanhui Gu
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), SATCM Level 3 Lab of Lipid Metabolism, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Caijuan Guo
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), SATCM Level 3 Lab of Lipid Metabolism, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qin Zhong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), SATCM Level 3 Lab of Lipid Metabolism, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weixuan Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), SATCM Level 3 Lab of Lipid Metabolism, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xianglu Rong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), SATCM Level 3 Lab of Lipid Metabolism, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weijian Bei
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), SATCM Level 3 Lab of Lipid Metabolism, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jiao Guo
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), SATCM Level 3 Lab of Lipid Metabolism, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Enhanced skeletal muscle growth in myostatin-deficient transgenic pigs had improved glucose uptake in stretozotocin-induced diabetes. Transgenic Res 2020; 29:253-261. [PMID: 32078127 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-020-00194-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The size of skeletal muscle mass plays a significant role in glucose uptake in healthy and diabetic human subjects. Previously, we have generated myostatin-deficient (MSTN-/-) transgenic pigs via animal cloning technology. MSTN-/- pigs had dramatic phenotype with individual muscle mass increase by 100% over their wild-type controls, which provides a unique large animal model to investigate how enhanced skeletal muscles are beneficial to glucose update in diabetes. We employed intravenous administration of stretozotocin (STZ) to male MSTN-/- and wild-type pigs (100 mg/kg body weight). One month later, blood glucose and insulin concentrations and pancreas histology were examined, STZ-induced diabetes occurred in both MSTN transgenic and wild-type pigs. Histology of pancreas, analysis of pAKT and Glut4 transporter proteins by Western blotting, and real-time qPCR for MSTN gene expression were used in the study. The STZ-treated pigs had increased levels of fasting plasma glucose and insulin levels in comparison with animals receiving sodium citrate buffer, their pancreas also had reduced beta cells and slight increases in lymphocyte. There are significant lower concentrations of fasting plasma glucose and insulin in MSTN-/- pigs than that of wild-type pigs after STZ administration. Detections of pAKT and Glut4 transporter proteins by Western blotting in muscle tissue indicates significant elevations of both proteins in MSTN-/- pigs compared with the wild-type pigs. The results from this pig model suggest that enhanced skeletal muscle by manipulation of myostatin function can improve glucose uptake even in the status of diabetes.
Collapse
|
5
|
Harper RA, Pfeiffer FM, Choma TJ. The minipig as a potential model for pedicle screw fixation: morphometry and mechanics. J Orthop Surg Res 2019; 14:246. [PMID: 31382997 PMCID: PMC6683400 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-019-1292-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background While there are several different animal models for use in the characterization of spinal fixation, none have emerged as a definitive model for comparative studies in spinal fixation methods. The purpose of this study is to establish morphometric data of porcine vertebrae and to characterize the feasibility of pedicle screw fixation in porcine spines for potential comparative human study. Methods Four spines from 45 to 50 kg Hanford minipigs were cleaned of soft tissue and analyzed by computed tomography and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Two 5 × 30-mm pedicle screws were placed in each vertebra and tested to failure using a combined moment-load protocol. Results Pedicle widths were measured from L6-T5. Widths ranged from 7.15 mm (T6) to 9.24 mm (T14). Posterior cortex to anterior cortex depth ranged from 25.9 to 32.6 mm. Mean bone mineral density was 1.0665 g/cm2 (range 1.139–1.016). Force-to-failure demonstrated mean 1171.40 N (+ 115.34). Conclusion Our baseline morphometric and compositional data demonstrate that porcine vertebrae can serve as a useful model for comparative studies due to their similar pedicle widths and bone mineral density to the human vertebra. This biomechanical data could provide a baseline comparison for future studies. This study also suggests that the minipig could be a suitable model for comparative studies due to similarities in pedicle width and bone mineral density to the human vertebrae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Harper
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California-Davis, 4860 Y Street, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Ferris M Pfeiffer
- Department of Biological Engineering, University of Missouri, 247 Ag Engineering Building, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Theodore J Choma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, 1100 Virginia Avenue DC953.00, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang J, Yu J, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Kahkoska AR, Chen G, Wang Z, Sun W, Cai L, Chen Z, Qian C, Shen Q, Khademhosseini A, Buse JB, Gu Z. Charge-switchable polymeric complex for glucose-responsive insulin delivery in mice and pigs. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw4357. [PMID: 31309150 PMCID: PMC6620100 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw4357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Glucose-responsive insulin delivery systems with robust responsiveness that has been validated in animal models, especially in large animal models, remain elusive. Here, we exploit a new strategy to form a micro-sized complex between a charge-switchable polymer with a glucose-sensing moiety and insulin driven by electrostatic interaction. Both high insulin loading efficiency (95%) and loading capacity (49%) can be achieved. In the presence of a hyperglycemic state, the glucose-responsive phenylboronic acid (PBA) binds glucose instantly and converts the charge of the polymeric moiety from positive to negative, thereby enabling the release of insulin from the complex. Adjusting the ratio of the positively charged group to PBA achieves inhibited insulin release from the complex under normoglycemic conditions and promoted release under hyperglycemic conditions. Through chemically induced type 1 diabetic mouse and swine models, in vivo hyperglycemia-triggered insulin release with fast response is demonstrated after the complex is administrated by either subcutaneous injection or transdermal microneedle array patch.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiang Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Jicheng Yu
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anna R. Kahkoska
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zejun Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wujin Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lulu Cai
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic, Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Chenggen Qian
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of High-Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qundong Shen
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of High-Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John B. Buse
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Zhen Gu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang S, Song S, Wang S, Duan Y, Zhu W, Song Y. Type 2 diabetes affects postextraction socket healing and influences first‐stage implant surgery: A study based on clinical and animal evidence. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2019; 21:436-445. [PMID: 31025528 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Implant DentistrySchool of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyCenter for DNA Typing, Air Force Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032 P.R. China
| | - Shuang Song
- Peking University, School of Stomatology Beijing China
| | - Shuyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Disease, School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Yansheng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Implant DentistrySchool of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Wenzhong Zhu
- Department of Implant DentistryThe Second People's Hospital Xi'an China
| | - Yingliang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Implant DentistrySchool of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Comparative analysis on liver transcriptome profiles of different methods to establish type 2 diabetes mellitus models in Guangxi Bama mini-pig. Gene 2018; 673:194-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
9
|
Cho B, Kim SJ, Lee EJ, Ahn SM, Lee JS, Ji DY, Lee K, Kang JT. Generation of insulin-deficient piglets by disrupting INS gene using CRISPR/Cas9 system. Transgenic Res 2018; 27:289-300. [PMID: 29691708 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-018-0074-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with accompanying severe complications. Various animal models, mostly rodents due to availability of genetically modified lines, have been used to investigate the pathophysiology of diabetes. Using pigs for diabetic research can be beneficial because of their similarity in size, pathogenesis pathway, physiology, and metabolism with human. However, the use of pigs for diabetes research has been hampered due to only few pig models presenting diabetes symptoms. In this study, we have successfully generated insulin-deficient pigs by generating the indels of the porcine INS gene in somatic cells using CRISPR/Cas9 system followed by somatic cell nuclear transfer. First, somatic cells carrying a modified INS gene were generated using CRISPR/Cas9 system and their genotypes were confirmed by T7E1 assay; targeting efficiency was 40.4% (21/52). After embryo transfer, three live and five stillborn piglets were born. As expected, INS knockout piglets presented high blood glucose levels and glucose was detected in the urine. The level of insulin and c-peptide in the blood serum of INS knockout piglets were constant after feeding and the expression of insulin in the pancreas was absent in those piglets. This study demonstrates effectiveness of CRISPR/Cas9 system in generating novel pig models. We expect that these insulin-deficient pigs can be used in diabetes research to test the efficacy and safety of new drugs and the recipient of islet transplantation to investigate optimal transplantation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bumrae Cho
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Mgenplus Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Mgenplus Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Lee
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Mgenplus Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Mi Ahn
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Mgenplus Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Seok Lee
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Mgenplus Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Dal-Young Ji
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Mgenplus Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Kiho Lee
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Jung-Taek Kang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Mgenplus Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Corte GM, Plendl J, Hünigen H, Richardson KC, Gemeinhardt O, Niehues SM. Refining experimental dental implant testing in the Göttingen Minipig using 3D computed tomography-A morphometric study of the mandibular canal. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184889. [PMID: 28910382 PMCID: PMC5599038 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports morphometric and age-related data of the mandibular canal and the alveolar ridge of the Göttingen Minipig to avoid complications during in vivo testing of endosseus dental implants and to compare these data with the human anatomy. Using 3D computed tomography, six parameters of the mandibular canal as well as the alveolar bone height and the alveolar ridge width were measured in Göttingen Minipigs aged 12, 17 and 21 months. Our null hypothesis assumes that the age and the body mass have an influence on the parameters measured. The study found that the volume, length and depth of the mandibular canal all increase with age. The width of the canal does not change significantly with age. The body mass does not have an influence on any of the measured parameters. The increase in canal volume appears to be due to loss of deep spongy bone in the posterior premolar and molar regions. This reduces the available space for dental implantations, negatively affecting implant stability and potentially the integrity of the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle. Dynamic anatomical changes occur until 21 months. On ethical grounds, using minipigs younger than 21 months in experimental implant dentistry is inadvisable. Paradoxically the measurements of the 12 months old pigs indicate a closer alignment of their mandibular anatomy to that of humans suggesting that they may be better models for implant studies. Given the variability in mandibular canal dimensions in similar age cohorts, the use of imaging techniques is essential for the selection of individual minipigs for dental prosthetic interventions and thus higher success rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuliano M. Corte
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Johanna Plendl
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hana Hünigen
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kenneth C. Richardson
- College of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia
| | - Ole Gemeinhardt
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan M. Niehues
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Heinke S, Ludwig B, Schubert U, Schmid J, Kiss T, Steffen A, Bornstein S, Ludwig S. Diabetes induction by total pancreatectomy in minipigs with simultaneous splenectomy: a feasible approach for advanced diabetes research. Xenotransplantation 2016; 23:405-13. [DOI: 10.1111/xen.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Heinke
- Department of Medicine III; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Barbara Ludwig
- Department of Medicine III; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Centre Munich at University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden Faculty of Medicine; DZD-German Centre for Diabetes Research; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Undine Schubert
- Department of Medicine III; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Janine Schmid
- Department of Medicine III; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Thomas Kiss
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Anja Steffen
- Department of Medicine III; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Centre Munich at University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden Faculty of Medicine; DZD-German Centre for Diabetes Research; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - Stefan Bornstein
- Department of Medicine III; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden of Helmholtz Centre Munich at University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden Faculty of Medicine; DZD-German Centre for Diabetes Research; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences; Rayne Institute; King's College London; London UK
| | - Stefan Ludwig
- Department of Visceral-, Thoracic- and Vascular Surgery; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; Technische Universität Dresden; Dresden Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Renner S, Dobenecker B, Blutke A, Zöls S, Wanke R, Ritzmann M, Wolf E. Comparative aspects of rodent and nonrodent animal models for mechanistic and translational diabetes research. Theriogenology 2016; 86:406-21. [PMID: 27180329 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus, which currently affects 387 million people worldwide, is permanently rising in both adults and adolescents. Despite numerous treatment options, diabetes mellitus is a progressive disease with severe comorbidities, such as nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy, as well as cardiovascular disease. Therefore, animal models predictive of the efficacy and safety of novel compounds in humans are of great value to address the unmet need for improved therapeutics. Although rodent models provide important mechanistic insights, their predictive value for therapeutic outcomes in humans is limited. In recent years, the pig has gained importance for biomedical research because of its close similarity to human anatomy, physiology, size, and, in contrast to non-human primates, better ethical acceptance. In this review, anatomic, biochemical, physiological, and morphologic aspects relevant to diabetes research will be compared between different animal species, that is, mouse, rat, rabbit, pig, and non-human primates. The value of the pig as a model organism for diabetes research will be highlighted, and (dis)advantages of the currently available approaches for the generation of pig models exhibiting characteristics of metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes mellitus will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Renner
- Gene Center and Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Britta Dobenecker
- Chair of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Veterinary Science, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Blutke
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Zöls
- Clinic for Swine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Wanke
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias Ritzmann
- Clinic for Swine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Gene Center and Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Taylor M, Gregory R, Tomlins P, Jacob D, Hubble J, Sahota T. Closed-loop glycaemic control using an implantable artificial pancreas in diabetic domestic pig ( Sus scrofa domesticus ). Int J Pharm 2016; 500:371-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
15
|
Koopmans SJ, Schuurman T. Considerations on pig models for appetite, metabolic syndrome and obese type 2 diabetes: From food intake to metabolic disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 759:231-9. [PMID: 25814261 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
(Mini)pigs have proven to be a valuable animal model in nutritional, metabolic and cardiovascular research and in some other biomedical research areas (toxicology, neurobiology). The large resemblance of (neuro)anatomy, the gastro-intestinal tract, body size, body composition, and the omnivorous food choice and appetite of the pig are additional reasons to select this large animal species for (preclinical) nutritional and pharmacological studies. Both humans and pigs are prone to the development of obesity and related cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. Bad cholesterol (LDL) is high and good cholesterol (HDL) is low in pigs, like in humans. Disease-relevant pig models fill the gap between rodent models and primate species including humans. Diet-induced obese pigs show a phenotype related to the metabolic syndrome including high amounts of visceral fat, fatty organs, insulin resistance and high blood pressure. However, overt hyperglycaemia does not develop within 6 months after initiation of high sugar-fat feeding. Therefore, to accelerate the induction of obese type 2 diabetes, obese pigs can be titrated with streptozotocin, a chemical agent which selectively damages the insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells. However, insulin is required to maintain obesity. With proper titration of streptozotocin, insulin secretion can be restrained at such a level that hyperglycaemia will be induced but lipolysis is still inhibited due to the fact that inhibition of lipolysis is more sensitive to insulin compared to stimulation of glucose uptake. This strategy may lead to a stable hyperglycaemic, non-ketotic obese pig model which remains anabolic with time without the necessity of exogenous insulin treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sietse Jan Koopmans
- Wageningen UR Livestock Research, de Elst 1 and CARUS Animal Facilities, Bornseweilanden 5, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Teun Schuurman
- Wageningen University, Department of Animal Sciences, Animal Nutrition Group, de Elst 1, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lunze K, Woitok A, Walter M, Brendel MD, Afify M, Tolba R, Leonhardt S. Analysis and modelling of glucose metabolism in diabetic Göttingen minipigs. Biomed Signal Process Control 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
17
|
|