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Madbouly A, Bolon YT. Race, ethnicity, ancestry, and aspects that impact HLA data and matching for transplant. Front Genet 2024; 15:1375352. [PMID: 38560292 PMCID: PMC10978785 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1375352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Race, ethnicity, and ancestry are terms that are often misinterpreted and/or used interchangeably. There is lack of consensus in the scientific literature on the definition of these terms and insufficient guidelines on the proper classification, collection, and application of this data in the scientific community. However, defining groups for human populations is crucial for multiple healthcare applications and clinical research. Some examples impacted by population classification include HLA matching for stem-cell or solid organ transplant, identifying disease associations and/or adverse drug reactions, defining social determinants of health, understanding diverse representation in research studies, and identifying potential biases. This article describes aspects of race, ethnicity and ancestry information that impact the stem-cell or solid organ transplantation field with particular focus on HLA data collected from donors and recipients by donor registries or transplant centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Madbouly
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR), Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Yung-Tsi Bolon
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR), Minneapolis, MN, United States
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Tiwari A, Mukherjee S. Role of Complement-dependent Cytotoxicity Crossmatch and HLA Typing in Solid Organ Transplant. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2024; 19:34-52. [PMID: 38155466 DOI: 10.2174/0115748871266738231218145616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solid organ transplantation is a life-saving medical operation that has progressed greatly because of developments in diagnostic tools and histocompatibility tests. Crossmatching for complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing are two important methods for checking graft compatibility and reducing the risk of graft rejection. HLA typing and CDC crossmatching are critical in kidney, heart, lung, liver, pancreas, intestine, and multi-organ transplantation. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted on the internet, using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, to identify peer-reviewed publications about solid organ transplants, HLA typing, and CDC crossmatching. CONCLUSION Recent advances in HLA typing have allowed for high-resolution evaluation, epitope matching, and personalized therapy methods. Genomic profiling, next-generation sequencing, and artificial intelligence have improved HLA typing precision, resulting in better patient outcomes. Artificial intelligence (AI) driven virtual crossmatching and predictive algorithms have eliminated the requirement for physical crossmatching in the context of CDC crossmatching, boosting organ allocation and transplant efficiency. This review elaborates on the importance of HLA typing and CDC crossmatching in solid organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpit Tiwari
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sayali Mukherjee
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Iancu Loga LI, Dican L, Chiorean AD, Chelaru VF, Elec FI, Catana CS, Marta MM, Lucaciu RL, Hangan AC, Bondor CI, Vica ML, Matei HV. Association between Human Leukocyte Antigen and End-Stage Renal Disease in Patients from Transylvania, Romania. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13383. [PMID: 37686189 PMCID: PMC10488296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is the final stage of chronic kidney disease. This study explored the association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and ESRD. The interaction between genetic and environmental factors may also play a role in the development of ESRD. The study included 2392 ESRD patients who were awaiting renal transplantation. Blood samples were genotyped by SSOP and SSP-PCR methods. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that HLA-A*11 (p = 0.027), HLA-A*34 (p = 0.017), HLA-A*69 (p = 0.012), HLA-B*41 (p < 0.001), HLA-B*50 (p = 0.004), HLA-DRB1*10 (p = 0.027), and HLA-DRB1*14 (p = 0.004) were positively associated with ESRD (OR > 1); HLA-DRB1*07 (p < 0.001), HLA-DRB1*08 (p = 0.005), and HLA-DRB1*13 (p < 0.001) were protective against ESRD (OR < 1); and the three-locus haplotype HLA-A*02-B*41-DRB1*03, containing one susceptible allele, was strongly associated with ESRD (p < 0.001, OR = 3.15). In conclusion, this retrospective analysis of HLA typing in patients with ESRD of various etiologies suggests that molecular data on the HLA polymorphism should be collected in order to identify high-risk ESRD patients and to improve graft survival after kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luminita-Ioana Iancu Loga
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.-I.I.L.); (A.D.C.); (M.L.V.); (H.V.M.)
- Clinical Institute of Urology and Renal Transplantation, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Lucia Dican
- Clinical Institute of Urology and Renal Transplantation, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Alin Dan Chiorean
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.-I.I.L.); (A.D.C.); (M.L.V.); (H.V.M.)
| | - Vlad Florin Chelaru
- Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.F.C.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Florin Ioan Elec
- Clinical Institute of Urology and Renal Transplantation, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina Sorina Catana
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Monica Mihaela Marta
- Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.F.C.); (M.M.M.)
| | - Roxana Liana Lucaciu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Adriana Corina Hangan
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Cosmina Ioana Bondor
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Mihaela Laura Vica
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.-I.I.L.); (A.D.C.); (M.L.V.); (H.V.M.)
| | - Horea Vladi Matei
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu-Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.-I.I.L.); (A.D.C.); (M.L.V.); (H.V.M.)
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Hassan MM, Hussain MA, Ali SS, Mahdi MA, Mohamed NS, AbdElbagi H, Mohamed O, Sherif AE, Osman W, Ibrahim SRM, Ghazawi KF, Miski SF, Mohamed GA, Ashour A. Detection of Nonsynonymous Single Variants in Human HLA-DRB1 Exon 2 Associated with Renal Transplant Rejection. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1116. [PMID: 37374320 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background: HLA-DRB1 is the most polymorphic gene in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II, and exon 2 is critical because it encodes antigen-binding sites. This study aimed to detect functional or marker genetic variants of HLA-DRB1 exon 2 in renal transplant recipients (acceptance and rejection) using Sanger sequencing. Methods: This hospital-based case-control study collected samples from two hospitals over seven months. The 60 participants were equally divided into three groups: rejection, acceptance, and control. The target regions were amplified and sequenced by PCR and Sanger sequencing. Several bioinformatics tools have been used to assess the impact of non-synonymous single-nucleotide variants (nsSNVs) on protein function and structure. The sequences data that support the findings of this study with accession numbers (OQ747803-OQ747862) are available in National Center for Biotechnology Information (GenBank database). Results: Seven SNVs were identified, two of which were novel (chr6(GRCh38.p12): 32584356C>A (K41N) and 32584113C>A (R122R)). Three of the seven SNVs were non-synonymous and found in the rejection group (chr6(GRCh38.p12): 32584356C>A (K41N), 32584304A>G (Y59H), and 32584152T>A (R109S)). The nsSNVs had varying effects on protein function, structure, and physicochemical parameters and could play a role in renal transplant rejection. The chr6(GRCh38.p12):32584152T>A variant showed the greatest impact. This is because of its conserved nature, main domain location, and pathogenic effects on protein structure, function, and stability. Finally, no significant markers were identified in the acceptance samples. Conclusion: Pathogenic variants can affect intramolecular/intermolecular interactions of amino acid residues, protein function/structure, and disease risk. HLA typing based on functional SNVs could be a comprehensive, accurate, and low-cost method for covering all HLA genes while shedding light on previously unknown causes in many graft rejection cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Hassan
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, National University, Khartoum 11111, Sudan
| | - Mohamed A Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International University of Africa, Khartoum 11111, Sudan
| | - Sababil S Ali
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, National University, Khartoum11111, Sudan
| | - Mohammed A Mahdi
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, National University, Khartoum 11111, Sudan
| | - Nouh Saad Mohamed
- Molecular Biology Unit, Sirius Training and Research Centre, Khartoum 11111, Sudan
| | - Hanadi AbdElbagi
- Molecular Biology Unit, Sirius Training and Research Centre, Khartoum 11111, Sudan
| | - Osama Mohamed
- Department of Molecular Biology, National University Biomedical Research Institute, National University, Khartoum 11111, Sudan
| | - Asmaa E Sherif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Wadah Osman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Al-Qasr Ave, Khartoum 11111, Sudan
| | - Sabrin R M Ibrahim
- Preparatory Year Program, Department of Chemistry, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Kholoud F Ghazawi
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar F Miski
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah 30078, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal A Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Ashour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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Fylaktou A, Lioulios G, Tarassi K, Siorenta A, Petasis GC, Gerogiannis D, Theodorou I, Iniotaki AG, Vittoraki AG. An Approach to Identify HLA Class II Immunogenic Epitopes in the Greek Population through Machine Learning Algorithms. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11237046. [PMID: 36498621 PMCID: PMC9738260 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Current pre-transplantation routine matching involves serum anti-HLA antibodies quantification but cannot always preclude unfavorable graft outcomes. Epitope-based matching is proposed as a more precise approach, but to date no epitope-matching algorithm provides a satisfactory predictive tool for transplantation outcomes. In this study, anti-HLA-II loci responses from 1748 patients were analyzed with unsupervised machine learning algorithms, namely principal component analysis (PCA) and antigenic distances, projected as dendrograms. PCA for anti-HLA-DR anti-bodies revealed three main clusters of responses: anti-HLA-DR51 combined with anti-HLA-DRB1*01, anti-HLA-DR52 combined with anti-HLA-DRB1*08 and anti-HLA-DR53 combined with anti-HLA-DRB1*10. The dendrogram for anti-HLA-DR confirmed the pattern and showed further bisection of each cluster. Common epitopes present exclusively in all HLA molecules of each cluster were determined following the HLA epitope registry. Thus, we propose that 19 out of 123 HLA-DR epitopes are those that mainly lead anti-HLA-DR responses in the studied population. Likewise, we identified 22 out of 83 epitopes responsible for anti-HLA-DQ and 13 out of 62 responsible for anti-HLA-DP responses. Interpretation of these results may elucidate mechanisms of interlocus cross-reactivity, providing an alternative way of estimating the significance of each epitope in a population and thus suggesting a novel strategy towards optimal donor selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asimina Fylaktou
- National Peripheral Histocompatibility Center, Immunology Department, Hippokration General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Lioulios
- National Peripheral Histocompatibility Center, Immunology Department, Hippokration General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Katerina Tarassi
- Immunology-Histocompatibility Department, “Evangelismos” General Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandra Siorenta
- Immunology Department & National Tissue Typing Center, General Hospital of Athens “G. Gennimatas”, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - George Ch Petasis
- National Peripheral Histocompatibility Center, Immunology Department, Hippokration General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Demetris Gerogiannis
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ioannis Theodorou
- Laboratoire d’Immunologie, Hôpital Robert Debre, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Aliki G. Iniotaki
- Immunology Department & National Tissue Typing Center, General Hospital of Athens “G. Gennimatas”, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Angeliki G. Vittoraki
- Immunology Department & National Tissue Typing Center, General Hospital of Athens “G. Gennimatas”, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Lee EH, Li JY. Immunization-Associated Corneal Transplantation Rejection: A Review. Cornea 2022; 41:660-663. [PMID: 34629440 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000002898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this review was to examine and characterize the available literature regarding immunization-associated corneal graft rejection. METHODS A Literature search was conducted using PubMed keywords relevant to corneal transplantation, graft rejection, and immunization to find relevant publications through July 2021. Nine studies were included in this review. Data including patient demographics, type of transplant, chronology of disease, type of immunization, treatment, and outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS Twenty-three cases of corneal graft rejection associated temporally with immunizations have been described in the literature. Most of these patients were female, and most commonly had received the influenza vaccine before the rejection episode. Most episodes resulted in graft preservation with intensive corticosteroid therapy. CONCLUSIONS Immunization-associated corneal graft rejection is a rare but likely underreported phenomenon. Patients and surgeons should be aware of this possible risk, although the evidence is inconclusive. Conclusions are limited because of the small sample size and the retrospective nature of all existing literature on this subject. Surgeons should be encouraged to document and report these episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward H Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of California, Davis, Sacramento CA
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Al Mushafi A, Ooi JD, Odobasic D. Crescentic Glomerulonephritis: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Potential of Human Amniotic Stem Cells. Front Physiol 2021; 12:724186. [PMID: 34721059 PMCID: PMC8554237 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.724186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Glomerulonephritis (GN) is the second leading cause of CKD resulting in end stage renal failure. The most severe and rapidly progressive type of GN is characterized by glomerular crescent formation. The current therapies for crescentic GN, which consist of broad immunosuppressive drugs, are partially effective, non-specific, toxic and cause many serious side effects including infections, cancer, and cardiovascular problems. Therefore, new and safer therapies are needed. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) are a type of stem cell which are isolated from the placenta after birth. They represent an attractive and novel therapeutic option for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions owing to their unique and selective immunosuppressive ability, as well as their excellent safety profile and clinical applicability. In this review, we will discuss the immunopathogenesis of crescentic GN, issues with currently available treatments and how hAECs offer potential to become a new and harmless treatment option for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al Mushafi
- Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Joshua D Ooi
- Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Dragana Odobasic
- Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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8
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Gandini A, Mampeule N, Jugwanth S, Gededzha MP, Mayne E. A Retrospective Study on Human Leukocyte Antigen Types and Haplotypes in a South African Population. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2021; 145:441-447. [PMID: 32960949 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2020-0042-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is a polymorphic protein of the immune system with a central role in organ transplantation. Organ recipients can be sensitized against HLA from previous exposure, which increases the likelihood of antidonor immune responses and subsequently organ rejection. HLA matching represents an attractive option to improve graft function, reduce sensitization of recipients in first transplantations, and improve organ allocation. OBJECTIVE.— To examine the feasibility of the reintroduction of HLA matching into the criteria in the Johannesburg program, we retrospectively assessed HLA types in our donor population. DESIGN.— HLA types of 782 deceased and related living donors from 2015 until 2019 were recorded and analyzed to identify the most common HLA types and haplotypes. A virtual crossmatch was also done to examine the anti-HLA antibodies in the recipient population compared with the common HLA types identified in this study. RESULTS.— Of the most common HLA types identified, at least 1 was present in 732 (93.6%) of the renal donors assessed. The virtual crossmatch confirmed that most recipients are sensitized against most donors, and this greatly impacts the number of recipients who can receive organ transplants. CONCLUSIONS.— This study determined the most common HLA types and haplotypes in a South African organ donor population. This information, combined with the evidence suggesting the immunogenic potential of these common types, the high number of recipients with antibodies against common HLA types, and the ethnic distribution of the donor and recipient populations, informs the recommendation that the pretransplantation workup should not reinclude HLA matching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Gandini
- From the Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand (Gandini, Mampeule, Jugwanth, Gededzha, and Mayne), Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nakampe Mampeule
- From the Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand (Gandini, Mampeule, Jugwanth, Gededzha, and Mayne), Johannesburg, South Africa.,and the National Health Laboratory Service (Mampeule, Jugwanth, Gededzha, and Mayne), Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sarika Jugwanth
- From the Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand (Gandini, Mampeule, Jugwanth, Gededzha, and Mayne), Johannesburg, South Africa.,and the National Health Laboratory Service (Mampeule, Jugwanth, Gededzha, and Mayne), Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Maemu P Gededzha
- From the Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand (Gandini, Mampeule, Jugwanth, Gededzha, and Mayne), Johannesburg, South Africa.,and the National Health Laboratory Service (Mampeule, Jugwanth, Gededzha, and Mayne), Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth Mayne
- From the Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand (Gandini, Mampeule, Jugwanth, Gededzha, and Mayne), Johannesburg, South Africa.,and the National Health Laboratory Service (Mampeule, Jugwanth, Gededzha, and Mayne), Johannesburg, South Africa
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Thongsin N, Wattanapanitch M. CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein Complex-Mediated Efficient B2M Knockout in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs). Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2454:607-624. [PMID: 33945142 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2021_352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Advances in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology provide a renewable source of cells for tissue regeneration and therefore hold great promise for cell replacement therapy. However, immune rejection of allograft due to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatching remains a major challenge. Considerable efforts have been devoted to overcoming the immunogenicity of allograft transplantation. One of the approaches is an elimination of HLA molecules on the surface of allogeneic cells using genome editing technology to generate universal stem cells. Here, we present a simple and effective genome editing approach to knockout the β-2-immunoglobulin (B2M) gene, which encodes B2M protein that forms a heterodimer with HLA class I proteins, in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) leading to HLA class I (HLA-I) depletion. We also describe detailed procedures for validation of the B2M-knockout iPSCs using flow cytometry, and genotypic analysis for potential off-target regions. Our protocol is also applicable for knocking out other genes in iPSCs and other cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nontaphat Thongsin
- Siriraj Center for Regenerative Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Methichit Wattanapanitch
- Siriraj Center for Regenerative Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Chen J, Madireddi S, Nagarkar D, Migdal M, Vander Heiden J, Chang D, Mukhyala K, Selvaraj S, Kadel EE, Brauer MJ, Mariathasan S, Hunkapiller J, Jhunjhunwala S, Albert ML, Hammer C. In silico tools for accurate HLA and KIR inference from clinical sequencing data empower immunogenetics on individual-patient and population scales. Brief Bioinform 2020; 22:5906908. [PMID: 32940337 PMCID: PMC8138874 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbaa223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunogenetic variation in humans is important in research, clinical diagnosis and increasingly a target for therapeutic intervention. Two highly polymorphic loci play critical roles, namely the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system, which is the human version of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), and the Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) that are relevant for responses of natural killer (NK) and some subsets of T cells. Their accurate classification has typically required the use of dedicated biological specimens and a combination of in vitro and in silico efforts. Increased availability of next generation sequencing data has led to the development of ancillary computational solutions. Here, we report an evaluation of recently published algorithms to computationally infer complex immunogenetic variation in the form of HLA alleles and KIR haplotypes from whole-genome or whole-exome sequencing data. For both HLA allele and KIR gene typing, we identified tools that yielded >97% overall accuracy for four-digit HLA types, and >99% overall accuracy for KIR gene presence, suggesting the readiness of in silico solutions for use in clinical and high-throughput research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieming Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology
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Human Leukocyte Antigen Examination Using Luminex®-Based Assays for Donor-Recipient Compatibility Assessment in Kidney Transplantation: Our Preliminary Experience. Nephrourol Mon 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/numonthly.104635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Detection of anti-HLA antibodies (HLAabs) in organ transplantation recipients is vital to determine whether the recipient has specific HLAabs against the donor’s HLA molecules (donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies [DSA]). Methods: This preliminary study involved seven subjects: five without prior HLA sensitization and two with a history of possible HLA sensitization (kidney transplantation and pregnancy). Two of the subjects were siblings, two of the subjects were mother and son, and two of them were first cousins once removed. All the subjects underwent HLA typing, and four of the subjects underwent HLAabs assays using the sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes (SSOP) method. Results: There were 10/16 HLA matches between subjects who were siblings and between subjects who were mother and son, and 6/16 HLA matches were found between subjects who were first cousins once removed. Subjects with previous kidney transplantation developed 59 HLA-Abs toward class I and class II HLA (the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) value range: 1,003.36 to 12,404.77). HLAabs were also found among subjects without prior HLA sensitization, albeit with relatively lower MFI values. Conclusions: HLA typing and HLAabs detection for donor-recipient compatibility assessment using the SSOP method offers more detailed, semi-quantitative results. Further research involving larger subjects in cohort settings will be useful for profiling MFI cut-off values for HLAabs.
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Jaworska J, Tobolski D, Janowski T. Is similarity in Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) associated with the incidence of retained fetal membranes in draft mares? A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237765. [PMID: 32804960 PMCID: PMC7430710 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The failure of the maternal immune system to recognize fetal antigens and vice versa due to MHC similarity between the foal and its dam might result in the lack of placental separation during parturition in mares. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of MHC similarity between a mare and a foal on the incidence of retained fetal membranes (RFM) in post-partum mares. DNA was sampled from 43 draft mares and their foals. Mares which failed to expel fetal membranes within three hours after foal expulsion were considered the RFM group (n = 14) and mares that expelled fetal membranes during the above period were the control group (n = 29). Nine MHC microsatellites of MHC I and MHC II were amplified for all mares and foals. MHC compatibility and MHC genetic similarity between mares and their foals was determined based on MHC microsatellites. The inbreeding coefficient was also calculated for all horses. The incidence of RFM in the studied population was 33%. Compatibility in MHC I and MHC II did not increase the risk of RFM in the studied population of draft mares (P>0.05). Differences in MHC similarity at the genetic level were not observed between mare-foal pairs in RFM and control group (P>0.05). We suspect that RFM in draft mares may not be associated with MHC similarity between a foal and its dam. Despite the above, draft horses could be genetically predisposed to the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Jaworska
- Department of Animal Reproduction with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Dawid Tobolski
- Department of Internal Diseases with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Tomasz Janowski
- Department of Animal Reproduction with Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
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13
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Zhang Y, Chen Y, Xu H, Fang J, Zhao Z, Hu W, Yang X, Ye J, Cheng Y, Wang J, Sun W, Wang J, Yang H, Yan J, Fang L. SOAPTyping: an open-source and cross-platform tool for sequence-based typing for HLA class I and II alleles. BMC Bioinformatics 2020; 21:295. [PMID: 32640979 PMCID: PMC7646500 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-020-03624-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) gene family plays a key role in the immune response and thus is crucial in many biomedical and clinical settings. Utilizing Sanger sequencing, the golden standard technology for HLA typing enables accurate identification of HLA alleles in high-resolution. However, only the commercial software, such as uTYPE, SBT-Assign, and SBTEngine, and very few open-source tools could be applied to perform HLA typing based on Sanger sequencing. Results We developed a user-friendly, cross-platform and open-source desktop application, known as SOAPTyping, for Sanger-based typing in HLA class I and II alleles. SOAPTyping can produce accurate results with a comprehensible protocol and featured functions. Moreover, SOAPTyping supports a more advanced group-specific sequencing primers (GSSP) module to solve the ambiguous typing results. We used SOAPTyping to analyze 36 samples with known HLA typing from the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) International HLA DNA Exchange platform and 100 anonymous clinical samples, and the HLA typing results from SOAPTyping are identical to the golden results and 5.5 times faster than commercial software uTYPE, which shows the usability of SOAPTyping. Conclusions We introduce the SOAPTyping as the first open-source and cross-platform HLA typing software with the capability of producing high-resolution HLA typing predictions from Sanger sequence data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.,Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Huixin Xu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | | | | | - Weipeng Hu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | | | - Jia Ye
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Yun Cheng
- Zhejiang Hospital, No 12 Lingyin Road, Hangzhou, 310013, Xihu District, China
| | - Jiayin Wang
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weiqiang Sun
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jian Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.,James D. Watson Institute of Genome Science, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Huanming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.,James D. Watson Institute of Genome Science, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Zhejiang Hospital, No 12 Lingyin Road, Hangzhou, 310013, Xihu District, China.
| | - Lin Fang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China. .,Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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14
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Mallis P, Michalopoulos E, Dinou A, Vlachou MS, Panagouli E, Papapanagiotou A, Kassi E, Giokas CS. Development of HLA-matched vascular grafts utilizing decellularized human umbilical artery. Hum Immunol 2018; 79:855-860. [PMID: 30213613 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, there is a great need of small diameter vascular grafts that can be used in human disorders such as cardiovascular and peripheral vascular disease. Until now, severe adverse reactions are caused from the use of synthetic or animal derived grafts, while the use of autologous vessels is restricted only in a small number of patients. The limited availability of the vessels might be resolved by the use of HLA-matched vascular grafts utilizing the decellularized human umbilical arteries. In this study, human umbilical arteries were decellularized and then repopulated with Mesenchymal Stem Cells. The HLA-genotype of the repopulated grafts, analyzed by Next Generation Sequencing technology, indicated their successful production. The HLA-matched vascular grafts could be generated efficiently and might be used in personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Mallis
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Greece; Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian Univesity of Athens, Greece
| | | | - Amalia Dinou
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Spyropoulou Vlachou
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Greece; Immunology Department-Tissue Typing Lab, "Alexandra" General Hospital of Athens, Greece
| | - Efrosyni Panagouli
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Greece
| | - Aggeliki Papapanagiotou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian Univesity of Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian Univesity of Athens, Greece; 1(st) Department of Internal Medicine, Laiko Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
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15
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Muthu GS, Mitra S. Algorithm to Quantify the Low and High Resolution HLA Matching in Renal Transplantation. 2018 IEEE 8TH INTERNATIONAL ADVANCE COMPUTING CONFERENCE (IACC) 2018. [DOI: 10.1109/iadcc.2018.8692103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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16
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Longoni A, Knežević L, Schepers K, Weinans H, Rosenberg AJWP, Gawlitta D. The impact of immune response on endochondral bone regeneration. NPJ Regen Med 2018; 3:22. [PMID: 30510772 PMCID: PMC6265275 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-018-0060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineered cartilage substitutes, which induce the process of endochondral ossification, represent a regenerative strategy for bone defect healing. Such constructs typically consist of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) forming a cartilage template in vitro, which can be implanted to stimulate bone formation in vivo. The use of MSCs of allogeneic origin could potentially improve the clinical utility of the tissue engineered cartilage constructs in three ways. First, ready-to-use construct availability can speed up the treatment process. Second, MSCs derived and expanded from a single donor could be applied to treat several patients and thus the costs of the medical interventions would decrease. Finally, it would allow more control over the quality of the MSC chondrogenic differentiation. However, even though the envisaged clinical use of allogeneic cell sources for bone regeneration is advantageous, their immunogenicity poses a significant obstacle to their clinical application. The aim of this review is to increase the awareness of the role played by immune cells during endochondral ossification, and in particular during regenerative strategies when the immune response is altered by the presence of implanted biomaterials and/or cells. More specifically, we focus on how this balance between immune response and bone regeneration is affected by the implantation of a cartilaginous tissue engineered construct of allogeneic origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Longoni
- 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, G05.222, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA The Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - L Knežević
- 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, G05.222, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA The Netherlands.,3Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, Bristol, BS8 1TD UK
| | - K Schepers
- 4Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - H Weinans
- 5Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.,6Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.,7Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2628CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - A J W P Rosenberg
- 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, G05.222, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA The Netherlands
| | - D Gawlitta
- 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, G05.222, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA The Netherlands.,Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
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17
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Suzuki S, Ranade S, Osaki K, Ito S, Shigenari A, Ohnuki Y, Oka A, Masuya A, Harting J, Baybayan P, Kitazume M, Sunaga J, Morishima S, Morishima Y, Inoko H, Kulski JK, Shiina T. Reference Grade Characterization of Polymorphisms in Full-Length HLA Class I and II Genes With Short-Read Sequencing on the ION PGM System and Long-Reads Generated by Single Molecule, Real-Time Sequencing on the PacBio Platform. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2294. [PMID: 30337930 PMCID: PMC6180199 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Although NGS technologies fuel advances in high-throughput HLA genotyping methods for identification and classification of HLA genes to assist with precision medicine efforts in disease and transplantation, the efficiency of these methods are impeded by the absence of adequately-characterized high-frequency HLA allele reference sequence databases for the highly polymorphic HLA gene system. Here, we report on producing a comprehensive collection of full-length HLA allele sequences for eight classical HLA loci found in the Japanese population. We augmented the second-generation short read data generated by the Ion Torrent technology with long amplicon spanning consensus reads delivered by the third-generation SMRT sequencing method to create reference grade high-quality sequences of HLA class I and II gene alleles resolved at the genomic coding and non-coding level. Forty-six DNAs were obtained from a reference set used previously to establish the HLA allele frequency data in Japanese subjects. The samples included alleles with a collective allele frequency in the Japanese population of more than 99.2%. The HLA loci were independently amplified by long-range PCR using previously designed HLA-locus specific primers and subsequently sequenced using SMRT and Ion PGM sequencers. The mapped long and short-reads were used to produce a reference library of consensus HLA allelic sequences with the help of the reference-aware software tool LAA for SMRT Sequencing. A total of 253 distinct alleles were determined for 46 healthy subjects. Of them, 137 were novel alleles: 101 SNVs and/or indels and 36 extended alleles at a partial or full-length level. Comparing the HLA sequences from the perspective of nucleotide diversity revealed that HLA-DRB1 was the most divergent among the eight HLA genes, and that the HLA-DPB1 gene sequences diverged into two distinct groups, DP2 and DP5, with evidence of independent polymorphisms generated in exon 2. We also identified two specific intronic variations in HLA-DRB1 that might be involved in rheumatoid arthritis. In conclusion, full-length HLA allele sequencing by third-generation and second-generation technologies has provided polymorphic gene reference sequences at a genomic allelic resolution including allelic variations assigned up to the field-4 level for a stronger foundation in precision medicine and HLA-related disease and transplantation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Suzuki
- Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Swati Ranade
- Molecular Biology Applications, Pacific Biosciences, Inc, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Ken Osaki
- Pacific Biosciences Division, Tomy Digital Biology Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sayaka Ito
- Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Atsuko Shigenari
- Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Yuko Ohnuki
- Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Akira Oka
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokai University, Isehara, Japan
| | | | - John Harting
- Molecular Biology Applications, Pacific Biosciences, Inc, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Primo Baybayan
- Molecular Biology Applications, Pacific Biosciences, Inc, Menlo Park, CA, United States
| | - Miwako Kitazume
- Pacific Biosciences Division, Tomy Digital Biology Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichi Sunaga
- Pacific Biosciences Division, Tomy Digital Biology Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoko Morishima
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology (Second Department of Internal Medicine), Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan
| | - Yasuo Morishima
- Department of Promotion for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | | | - Jerzy K. Kulski
- Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Takashi Shiina
- Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
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18
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Matey-Hernandez ML, Brunak S, Izarzugaza JMG. Benchmarking the HLA typing performance of Polysolver and Optitype in 50 Danish parental trios. BMC Bioinformatics 2018; 19:239. [PMID: 29940840 PMCID: PMC6019707 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-018-2239-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adaptive immune response intrinsically depends on hypervariable human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes. Concomitantly, correct HLA phenotyping is crucial for successful donor-patient matching in organ transplantation. The cost and technical limitations of current laboratory techniques, together with advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) methodologies, have increased the need for precise computational typing methods. RESULTS We tested two widespread HLA typing methods using high quality full genome sequencing data from 150 individuals in 50 family trios from the Genome Denmark project. First, we computed descendant accuracies assessing the agreement in the inheritance of alleles from parents to offspring. Second, we compared the locus-specific homozygosity rates as well as the allele frequencies; and we compared those to the observed values in related populations. We provide guidelines for testing the accuracy of HLA typing methods by comparing family information, which is independent of the availability of curated alleles. CONCLUSIONS Although current computational methods for HLA typing generally provide satisfactory results, our benchmark - using data with ultra-high sequencing depth - demonstrates the incompleteness of current reference databases, and highlights the importance of providing genomic databases addressing current sequencing standards, a problem yet to be resolved before benefiting fully from personalised medicine approaches HLA phenotyping is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Matey-Hernandez
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Søren Brunak
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jose M. G. Izarzugaza
- Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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19
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Badawy A, Kaido T, Yoshizawa A, Yagi S, Fukumitsu K, Okajima H, Uemoto S. Human leukocyte antigen compatibility and lymphocyte cross-matching play no significant role in the current adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation. Clin Transplant 2018; 32:e13234. [DOI: 10.1111/ctr.13234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amr Badawy
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation department; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
- General Surgery department; Alexandria University; Alexandria Egypt
| | - Toshimi Kaido
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation department; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshizawa
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation department; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Shintaro Yagi
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation department; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Ken Fukumitsu
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation department; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Hideaki Okajima
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation department; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Shinji Uemoto
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Transplantation department; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
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20
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Alelign T, Ahmed MM, Bobosha K, Tadesse Y, Howe R, Petros B. Kidney Transplantation: The Challenge of Human Leukocyte Antigen and Its Therapeutic Strategies. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:5986740. [PMID: 29693023 PMCID: PMC5859822 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5986740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney transplantation remains the treatment of choice for end-stage renal failure. When the immune system of the recipient recognizes the transplanted kidney as a foreign object, graft rejection occurs. As part of the host immune defense mechanism, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is a major challenge for graft rejection in transplantation therapy. The impact of HLA mismatches between the donor and the potential recipient prolongs the time for renal transplantation therapy, tethered to dialysis, latter reduces graft survival, and increases mortality. The formation of pretransplant alloantibodies against HLA class I and II molecules can be sensitized through exposures to blood transfusions, prior transplants, and pregnancy. These preformed HLA antibodies are associated with rejection in kidney transplantation. On the other hand, the development of de novo antibodies may increase the risk for acute and chronic rejections. Allograft rejection results from a complex interplay involving both the innate and the adaptive immune systems. Thus, further insights into the mechanisms of tissue rejection and the risk of HLA sensitization is crucial in developing new therapies that may blunt the immune system against transplanted organs. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to highlight facts about HLA and its sensitization, various mechanisms of allograft rejection, the current immunosuppressive approaches, and the directions for future therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilahun Alelign
- College of Natural Sciences, Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Biology, Debre Berhan University, P.O. Box 445, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Momina M. Ahmed
- St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College and Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kidist Bobosha
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yewondwossen Tadesse
- School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Rawleigh Howe
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Beyene Petros
- College of Natural Sciences, Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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21
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Hamed CT, Meiloud G, Veten F, Hadrami M, Ghaber SM, Boussaty EC, Habti N, Houmeida A. HLA class I (-A, -B, -C) and class II (-DR, -DQ) polymorphism in the Mauritanian population. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2018; 19:2. [PMID: 29298671 PMCID: PMC5751816 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0514-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HLA antigens have been widely studied for their role in transplantation biology, human diseases and population diversity. The aim of this study was to provide the first profile of HLA class I and class II alleles in the Mauritanian population. METHODS HLA typing was carried in 93 healthy Mauritanian blood donors, using single specific primer amplification (PCR-SSP). RESULTS Occurrences of the main HLA class I (-A, -B, -C) and class II (-DR, -DQ) antigens in the general population showed that out of the 17 HLA-A allele groups detected, five main HLA-A allele groups: A*02 (18.42%), A*01 (14.04%), A*23 (14.04%), A*30 (13.16%) and A*29 (12.28%) were the most common identified along other 12 relatively minor allele groups. Twenty three allele groups were observed in the locus B of which B*07 (13.46%) was the most prevalent followed by B*15, B*35, B*08 and B*27 all, with a frequency between 7 to 8%. Three prevalent HLA-C allele groups (C*02: 35.09%, C*07: 20.19% and C*06: 13.6%) were detected. The main HLA class II observed allele groups were: DRB1*13 (27.42%), DRB1*03 (24.73%), DRB1*11 (13.98%), DQB1*03 (36.03%), DQB1*02 (22.06%) and DQB1*05 (18.8%). Except for few haplotype in class I (A*02-B*07: 4.45%, A*02-C02: 10%, A*23-C*02: 8.8%, B*07-C*02: 8.8%, B*15-C*02: 8.8%) and in class II (DRB1*13-DQB1*06: 11.94%, DRB1*03-DQB1*02:11.19% and DRB1*03-DQB1*03: 10.45%), the majority of locus combination were in the range of 2-3%. A single predominant haplotype C*02-DRB1*03 (16.67%) was found. CONCLUSIONS These results, in agreement with previous data using different tissues markers, underlined the ethnic heterogeneity of the Mauritanian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheikh Tijani Hamed
- Unité de Recherche sur les Biomarqueurs dans la Population Mauritanienne, Université des Sciences de Technologies et de médecine (USTM), Nouakchott, Mauritanie.,Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine, Nouakchott, Mauritanie
| | - Ghlana Meiloud
- Unité de Recherche sur les Biomarqueurs dans la Population Mauritanienne, Université des Sciences de Technologies et de médecine (USTM), Nouakchott, Mauritanie
| | - Fatimetou Veten
- Unité de Recherche sur les Biomarqueurs dans la Population Mauritanienne, Université des Sciences de Technologies et de médecine (USTM), Nouakchott, Mauritanie
| | - Mouna Hadrami
- Unité de Recherche sur les Biomarqueurs dans la Population Mauritanienne, Université des Sciences de Technologies et de médecine (USTM), Nouakchott, Mauritanie
| | - Sidi M Ghaber
- Laboratoire d'hématologie Faculté de Médecine, Université des Sciences de Technologies et de médecine (USTM), Nouakchott, Mauritanie
| | - Ely C Boussaty
- Unité de Recherche sur les Biomarqueurs dans la Population Mauritanienne, Université des Sciences de Technologies et de médecine (USTM), Nouakchott, Mauritanie
| | - Norddine Habti
- Laboratoire d'hématologie et de génie génétique et cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Casablanca, Université HASSAN II-Ain Chock, Casablanca, Maroc
| | - Ahmed Houmeida
- Unité de Recherche sur les Biomarqueurs dans la Population Mauritanienne, Université des Sciences de Technologies et de médecine (USTM), Nouakchott, Mauritanie.
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22
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Selvaraj S, Schmitt AD, Dixon JR, Ren B. Complete haplotype phasing of the MHC and KIR loci with targeted HaploSeq. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:900. [PMID: 26541200 PMCID: PMC4636068 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1949-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The MHC and KIR loci are clinically relevant regions of the genome. Typing the sequence of these loci has a wide range of applications including organ transplantation, drug discovery, pharmacogenomics and furthering fundamental research in immune genetics. Rapid advances in biochemical and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have enabled several strategies for precise genotyping and phasing of candidate HLA alleles. Nonetheless, as typing of candidate HLA alleles alone reveals limited aspects of the genetics of MHC region, it is insufficient for the comprehensive utility of the aforementioned applications. For this reason, we believe phasing the entire MHC and KIR locus onto a single locus-spanning haplotype can be a critical improvement for better understanding transplantation biology. RESULTS Generating long-range (>1 Mb) phase information is traditionally very challenging. As proximity-ligation based methods of DNA sequencing preserves chromosome-span phase information, we have utilized this principle to demonstrate its utility towards generating full-length phasing of MHC and KIR loci in human samples. We accurately (~99%) reconstruct the complete haplotypes for over 90% of sequence variants (coding and non-coding) within these two loci that collectively span 4-megabases. CONCLUSIONS By haplotyping a majority of coding and non-coding alleles at the MHC and KIR loci in a single assay, this method has the potential to assist transplantation matching and facilitate investigation of the genetic basis of human immunity and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony D Schmitt
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jesse R Dixon
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Bing Ren
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and UCSD Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. .,Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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23
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Chronic inflammation of the placenta: definition, classification, pathogenesis, and clinical significance. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 213:S53-69. [PMID: 26428503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory lesions of the placenta are characterized by the infiltration of the organ by lymphocytes, plasma cells, and/or macrophages and may result from infections (viral, bacterial, parasitic) or be of immune origin (maternal anti-fetal rejection). The 3 major lesions are villitis (when the inflammatory process affects the villous tree), chronic chorioamnionitis (which affects the chorioamniotic membranes), and chronic deciduitis (which involves the decidua basalis). Maternal cellular infiltration is a common feature of the lesions. Villitis of unknown etiology (VUE) is a destructive villous inflammatory lesion that is characterized by the infiltration of maternal T cells (CD8+ cytotoxic T cells) into chorionic villi. Migration of maternal T cells into the villi is driven by the production of T-cell chemokines in the affected villi. Activation of macrophages in the villi has been implicated in the destruction of the villous architecture. VUE has been reported in association with preterm and term fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, fetal death, and preterm labor. Infants whose placentas have VUE are at risk for death and abnormal neurodevelopmental outcome at the age of 2 years. Chronic chorioamnionitis is the most common lesion in late spontaneous preterm birth and is characterized by the infiltration of maternal CD8+ T cells into the chorioamniotic membranes. These cytotoxic T cells can induce trophoblast apoptosis and damage the fetal membranes. The lesion frequently is accompanied by VUE. Chronic deciduitis consists of the presence of lymphocytes or plasma cells in the basal plate of the placenta. This lesion is more common in pregnancies that result from egg donation and has been reported in a subset of patients with premature labor. Chronic placental inflammatory lesions can be due to maternal anti-fetal rejection, a process associated with the development of a novel form of fetal systemic inflammatory response. The syndrome is characterized by an elevation of the fetal plasma T-cell chemokine. The evidence that maternal anti-fetal rejection underlies the pathogenesis of many chronic inflammatory lesions of the placenta is reviewed. This article includes figures and histologic examples of all chronic inflammatory lesions of the placenta.
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24
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Ozaki Y, Suzuki S, Kashiwase K, Shigenari A, Okudaira Y, Ito S, Masuya A, Azuma F, Yabe T, Morishima S, Mitsunaga S, Satake M, Ota M, Morishima Y, Kulski JK, Saito K, Inoko H, Shiina T. Cost-efficient multiplex PCR for routine genotyping of up to nine classical HLA loci in a single analytical run of multiple samples by next generation sequencing. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:318. [PMID: 25895492 PMCID: PMC4404632 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1514-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HLA genotyping by next generation sequencing (NGS) requires three basic steps, PCR, NGS, and allele assignment. Compared to the conventional methods, such as PCR-sequence specific oligonucleotide primers (SSOP) and -sequence based typing (SBT), PCR-NGS is extremely labor intensive and time consuming. In order to simplify and accelerate the NGS-based HLA genotyping method for multiple DNA samples, we developed and evaluated four multiplex PCR methods for genotyping up to nine classical HLA loci including HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DRB1/3/4/5, HLA-DQB1, and HLA-DPB1. Results We developed multiplex PCR methods using newly and previously designed middle ranged PCR primer sets for genotyping different combinations of HLA loci, (1) HLA-DRB1/3/4/5, (2) HLA-DQB1 (3.8 kb to 5.3 kb), (3) HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, and (4) HLA-DPB1 (4.6 kb to 7.2 kb). The primer sets were designed to genotype polymorphic exons to the field 3 level or 6-digit typing. When we evaluated the PCR method for genotyping all nine HLA loci (9LOCI) using 46 Japanese reference subjects who represented a distribution of more than 99.5% of the HLA alleles at each of the nine HLA loci, all of the 276 alleles genotyped, except for HLA-DRB3/4/5 alleles, were consistent with known alleles assigned by the conventional methods together with relevant locus balance and no excessive allelic imbalance. One multiplex PCR method (9LOCI) was able to provide precise genotyping data even when only 1 ng of genomic DNA was used for the PCR as a sample template. Conclusions In this study, we have demonstrated that the multiplex PCR approach for NGS-based HLA genotyping could serve as an alternative routine HLA genotyping method, possibly replacing the conventional methods by providing an accelerated yet robust amplification step. The method also could provide significant merits for clinical applications with its ability to amplify lower quantity of samples and the cost-saving factors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1514-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ozaki
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1143, Japan.
| | - Shingo Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1143, Japan.
| | - Koichi Kashiwase
- HLA Laboratory, Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8639, Japan.
| | - Atsuko Shigenari
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1143, Japan.
| | - Yuko Okudaira
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1143, Japan.
| | - Sayaka Ito
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1143, Japan.
| | - Anri Masuya
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1143, Japan.
| | - Fumihiro Azuma
- HLA Laboratory, Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8639, Japan.
| | - Toshio Yabe
- HLA Laboratory, Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8639, Japan.
| | - Satoko Morishima
- Department of Hematology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Mitsunaga
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1143, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Satake
- HLA Laboratory, Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8639, Japan.
| | - Masao Ota
- Department of Legal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan.
| | - Yasuo Morishima
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan.
| | - Jerzy K Kulski
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1143, Japan. .,Centre for Forensic Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6008, Australia.
| | - Katsuyuki Saito
- Research Department, One Lambda Inc, Part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, Kittridge Street, Canoga Park, CA, 91303-2801, USA.
| | - Hidetoshi Inoko
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1143, Japan.
| | - Takashi Shiina
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1143, Japan.
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25
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Morales JM, Martinez-Flores JA, Serrano M, Castro MJ, Alfaro FJ, García F, Martínez MA, Andrés A, González E, Praga M, Paz-Artal E, Serrano A. Association of early kidney allograft failure with preformed IgA antibodies to β2-glycoprotein I. J Am Soc Nephrol 2014; 26:735-45. [PMID: 25071084 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2014030228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current immunosuppressive therapy era, vessel thrombosis is the most common cause of early graft loss after renal transplantation. The prevalence of IgA anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (IgA-aB2GPI-ab) in patients on dialysis is elevated (>30%), and these antibodies correlate with mortality and cardiovascular morbidity. To evaluate the effect of IgA-aB2GPI-ab in patients with transplants, we followed all patients transplanted from 2000 to 2002 in the Hospital 12 de Octubre prospectively for 10 years. Presence of IgA-aB2GPI-ab in pretransplant serum was examined retrospectively. Of 269 patients, 89 patients were positive for IgA-aB2GPI-ab (33%; group 1), and the remaining patients were negative (67%; group 2). Graft loss at 6 months post-transplant was significantly higher in group 1 (10 of 89 versus 3 of 180 patients in group 2; P=0.002). The most frequent cause of graft loss was thrombosis of the vessels, which was observed only in group 1 (8 of 10 versus 0 of 3 patients in group 2; P=0.04). Multivariate analysis showed that the presence of IgA-aB2GPI-ab was an independent risk factor for early graft loss (P=0.04) and delayed graft function (P=0.04). There were no significant differences regarding patient survival between the two groups. Graft survival was similar in both groups after 6 months. In conclusion, patients with pretransplant IgA-aB2GPI-ab have a high risk of early graft loss caused by thrombosis and a high risk of delayed graft function. Therefore, pretransplant IgA-aB2GPI-ab may have a detrimental effect on early clinical outcomes after renal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Miguel Angel Martínez
- Pathology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Estela Paz-Artal
- Immunology, and Immunology Section, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain; and Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Serrano
- Immunology, and Immunology Section, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain; and
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26
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Ansari D, Bućin D, Nilsson J. Human leukocyte antigen matching in heart transplantation: systematic review and meta-analysis. Transpl Int 2014; 27:793-804. [PMID: 24725030 DOI: 10.1111/tri.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Allocation of donors with regard to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is controversial in heart transplantation. This paper is a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available evidence. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched systematically for studies that addressed the effects of HLA matching on outcome after heart transplantation. Fifty-seven studies met the eligibility criteria. 34 studies had graft rejection as outcome, with 26 of the studies reporting a significant reduction in graft rejection with increasing degree of HLA matching. Thirteen of 18 articles that reported on graft failure found that it decreased significantly with increasing HLA match. Two multicenter studies and nine single-center studies provided sufficient data to provide summary estimates at 12 months. Pooled comparisons showed that graft survival increased with fewer HLA-DR mismatches [0-1 vs. 2 mismatches: risk ratio (RR) = 1.09 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.19; P = 0.04)]. Having fewer HLA-DR mismatches (0-1 vs. 2) reduced the incidence of acute rejection [(RR = 0.81 (0.66-0.99; P = 0.04)]. Despite the considerable heterogeneity between studies, the short observation time, and older data, HLA matching improves graft survival in heart transplantation. Prospective HLA-DR matching is clinically feasible and should be considered as a major selection criterion.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ansari
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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27
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Lee J, Romero R, Xu Y, Miranda J, Yoo W, Chaemsaithong P, Kusanovic JP, Chaiworapongsa T, Tarca AL, Korzeniewski SJ, Hassan SS, Than NG, Yoon BH, Kim CJ. Detection of anti-HLA antibodies in maternal blood in the second trimester to identify patients at risk of antibody-mediated maternal anti-fetal rejection and spontaneous preterm delivery. Am J Reprod Immunol 2013; 70:162-75. [PMID: 23841577 PMCID: PMC4154511 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Maternal anti-fetal rejection is a mechanism of disease in spontaneous preterm labor. The objective of this study was to determine whether the presence of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) panel-reactive antibodies (PRA) during the second trimester increases the risk of spontaneous preterm delivery. METHODS OF STUDY This longitudinal case-control study included pregnant women with spontaneous preterm deliveries (n = 310) and control patients with normal term pregnancies (n = 620), matched for maternal age and gravidity. Maternal plasma samples obtained at 14-16, 16-20, 20-24, and 24-28 weeks of gestation were analyzed for HLA class I and class II PRA positivity using flow cytometry. The fetal HLA genotype and maternal HLA alloantibody epitope were determined for a subset of patients with positive HLA PRA. RESULTS (i) Patients with spontaneous preterm delivery were more likely to exhibit HLA class I (adjusted OR = 2.54, P < 0.0001) and class II (adjusted OR = 1.98, P = 0.002) PRA positivity than those delivering at term; (ii) HLA class I PRA positivity for patients with spontaneous preterm delivery between 28 and 34 weeks (adjusted OR = 2.88; P = 0.001) and after 34 weeks of gestation (adjusted OR = 2.53; P < 0.0001) was higher than for those delivering at term; (iii) HLA class II PRA positivity for patients with spontaneous preterm delivery after 34 weeks of gestation was higher than for those delivering at term (adjusted OR = 2.04; P = 0.002); (iv) multiparous women were at a higher risk for HLA class I PRA positivity than nulliparous women (adjusted OR = 0.097, P < 0.0001 for nulliparity); (v) nulliparous women had a higher rate of HLA class I PRA positivity with advancing gestational age (P = 0.001); and (vi) 78% of women whose fetuses were genotyped had alloantibodies specific against fetal HLA class I antigens. CONCLUSION Pregnant women with positive HLA class I or class II PRA during the second trimester are at an increased risk of spontaneous preterm delivery due to antibody-mediated maternal anti-fetal rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- JoonHo Lee
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Yi Xu
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jezid Miranda
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Wonsuk Yoo
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Piya Chaemsaithong
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Juan Pedro Kusanovic
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Research and Innovation in Maternal-Fetal Medicine (CIMAF), Sótero del Río Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Adi L. Tarca
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Steven J. Korzeniewski
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Sonia S. Hassan
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Nandor Gabor Than
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Bo Hyun Yoon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chong Jai Kim
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Hutzel Women's Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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