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Nano Yttrium-90 and Rhenium-188 production through medium medical cyclotron and research reactor for therapeutic usages: A Simulation study. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2023.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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2
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Karczmarczyk U, Sawicka A, Garnuszek P, Maurin M, Wojdowska W. Does the Number of Bifunctional Chelators Conjugated to a mAb Affect the Biological Activity of Its Radio-Labeled Counterpart? Discussion Using the Example of mAb against CD-20 Labeled with 90Y or 177Lu. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6419-6430. [PMID: 35442675 PMCID: PMC9109692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There has been considerable interest in developing a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against-CD-20 (for example, Rituximab) modified by bifunctional chelating agents (BCA) for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma radioimmunotherapy. Therefore, many researchers have modified this monoclonal antibody by attaching different BCA moieties and evaluated their biological activities in terms of in vitro study and in vivo study in healthy and tumor xenografted rodents. This mini-perspective reviews the in vitro studies, the immunoreactivity and physiological distribution studies: organ-to-blood and the tumor-to-organ ratio of conjugates with different numbers of chelators per mAb. We set up a null hypothesis that states there is no statistical significance between the biological activity of monoclonal antibody (Rituximab) and the number of conjugated bifunctional chelators. Overall, we have concluded that there is no strong evidence for this hypothesis. However, the literature data should be questioned due to the potential lack of uniform study methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Karczmarczyk
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Otwock 05-400, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sawicka
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Otwock 05-400, Poland
| | - Piotr Garnuszek
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Otwock 05-400, Poland
| | - Michał Maurin
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Otwock 05-400, Poland
| | - Wioletta Wojdowska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Otwock 05-400, Poland
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Tang Y, Liao Z, Li F, Liu W, Gao J, Li Y, Hu Y, Cai H, Ma H, Yang Y, Yang J, Liao J, Liu N. A novel theranostic probe [ 111In]In-DO3A-NHS-nimotuzumab in glioma xenograft. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2021-1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Indium-111 (111In) has an appropriate half-life (T
1/2 = 67 h) and energy characteristics for cancer diagnosis via γ-ray imaging and cancer therapy with Auger electrons. The aim of our study is to evaluate the potential of [111In]In-DO3A-NHS-nimotuzumab as a theranostic agent for radioimmunoimaging (RII) and radioimmunotherapy (RIT) against human glioma xenografts in mice. We explored the chelators DO3A-NHS and DOTA-p-SCN-Bz to optimize 111In radiolabeling efficiency of nimotuzumab. The radiopharmaceuticals were purified by PD-10 mini-column and their in vitro stabilities were assessed. We investigated the biodistribution of [111In]In-DO3A-NHS-nimotuzumab as it had relatively superior labeling efficiency and stability in vitro. We conducted SPECT imaging on mice bearing glioma (U87MG) xenografts, which were injected with ∼3.7 MBq of [111In]In-DO3A-NHS-nimotuzumab. The in vivo radiotherapeutic effects of [111In]In-DO3A-NHS-nimotuzumab was analyzed via injecting a single 37 MBq dose, 2 × 18 MBq doses, or 2 × 37 MBq doses into mice bearing U87MG xenografts. The control groups were administered either 30 μg nimotuzumab or saline. The radiochemical yields of [111In]In-DO3A-NHS-nimotuzumab and [111In]In-DOTA-p-SCN-Bz-nimotuzumab were > 85% and > 75%, respectively. [111In]In-DO3A-NHS-nimotuzumab had > 95% radiochemical purity and was more stable in vitro than [111In]In-DOTA-p-SCN-Bz-nimotuzumab. Biodistribution study demonstrated that [111In]In-DO3A-NHS-nimotuzumab was highly stable in vivo. SPECT imaging disclosed that [111In]In-DO3A-NHS-nimotuzumab had excellent targeted tumor uptake and retained in tumors for 24 and 72 h. All [111In]In-DO3A-NHS-nimotuzumab treatments substantially inhibited tumor growth over the controls. The 2 × 37 MBq treatment was particularly efficacious, and presented with survival time prolonged by ≤66 days. In contrast, the survival time of the control group was only 30 days. In our study, we developed an optimized synthesis protocol for radiopharmaceutical 111In-DO3A-NHS-nimotuzumab and demonstrated that it is a promising theranostic agent. It could be highly efficacious in RII and RIT against EGFR-expressing glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education , Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Zhonghui Liao
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education , Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Feize Li
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education , Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Weihao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education , Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Jing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education , Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine , West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , P. R. China
| | - Yingjiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education , Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Huawei Cai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine , West China Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041 , P. R. China
| | - Huan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education , Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Yuanyou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education , Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Jijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education , Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Jiali Liao
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education , Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Ning Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education , Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
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Varshosaz J, Fardshouraki S, Mirian M, Safaeian L, Jandaghian S, Taymouri S. Encapsulation of Imatinib in Targeted KIT-5 Nanoparticles for Reducing its Cardiotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:1966-1980. [PMID: 32560620 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200619174323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor drug used in lymphoblastic leukemia, has always had limitations due to its cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity side effects. The objective of this study is to develop a target-oriented drug carrier to minimize these adverse effects by the controlled release of the drug. METHODS KIT-5 nanoparticles were functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and conjugated to rituximab as the targeting agent for the CD20 positive receptors of the B-cells. Then they were loaded with imatinib and their physical properties were characterized. The cell cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was studied by MTT assay in Ramos (CD20 positive) and Jurkat cell lines (CD20 negative) and their cellular uptake was shown by fluorescence microscope. Wistar rats received an intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg of the free drug or targeted nanoparticles for 21 days. Then the level of aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured in serum of animals. The cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity of the drug were also studied by hematoxylin and eosin staining of the tissues. RESULTS The targeted nanoparticles of imatinib showed to be more cytotoxic to Ramos cells rather than Jurkat cells. The results of the biochemical analysis displayed a significant reduction in AST, ALT, ALP, and LDH levels in animals treated with targeted nanoparticles, compared to the free drug group. By comparison with the free imatinib, histopathological results represented less cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in the animals, which received the drug through the current designed delivery system. CONCLUSION The obtained results confirmed that the rituximab targeted KIT-5 nanoparticles are promising in the controlled release of imatinib and could decrease its cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaleh Varshosaz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Fardshouraki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mina Mirian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Leila Safaeian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Office of Research and Development, Vice Chancellery for Food and Drug, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Setareh Jandaghian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Somayeh Taymouri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Liao Z, Li F, Tang Y, Liu W, Gao J, Lan T, Yang J, Liao J, Liu N, Yang Y. Preliminary in vitro comparison of 111In and 131I labeled nimotuzumabs. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07677-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Funase Y, Nakamura E, Kajita M, Saito Y, Oshikiri S, Kitano M, Tokura M, Hino A, Uehara T. Preclinical Characterization of the Radioimmunoconjugate 111In or 90Y-FF-21101 Against a P-Cadherin-Expressing Tumor in a Mouse Xenograft Model and a Nonhuman Primate. J Nucl Med 2020; 62:232-239. [PMID: 32737245 PMCID: PMC8679590 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.245837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
P-cadherin is overexpressed in various cancers and can be a target for radioimmunotherapy. We investigated the preclinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacology of FF-21101, an 111In- or 90Y-conjugated monoclonal antibody against P-cadherin, to evaluate its clinical applications. Methods: The radiochemical purity, binding affinity, and in vitro serum stability of 111In or 90Y-labeled FF-21101 were evaluated. The pharmacokinetics of 111In or 90Y-FF-21101 were compared in normal mice. Tumor accumulation after 111In-FF-21101 administration was investigated in mice bearing subcutaneous tumors with high (NCI-H1373), moderate (EBC-1), or no (A549) P-cadherin expression. The tumor suppression effect after a single intravenous injection of 90Y-FF-21101 was assessed in NCI-H1373 and EBC-1 mouse xenograft models. The relationship between antibody dose and tumor accumulation was investigated in the NCI-H1373 mouse xenograft model. The absorbed radiation dose in humans after injection of 90Y-FF-21101 was estimated using γ-camera images of cynomolgus monkeys. Results: The radiochemical purities of 111In- and 90Y-FF-21101 were 98.2% ± 2.5% (n = 9) and 99.3% ± 0.6% (n = 5), respectively. The dissociation constants were 1.083 nM for 111In-FF-21101 and 1.367 nM for 90Y-FF-21101. Both 111In- and 90Y-FF-21101 were stable in human serum after 96 h of incubation and exhibited similar pharmacokinetics in normal mice. The tumor accumulation of 111In-FF-21101 was closely related to the intensity of P-cadherin expression in the cells. 90Y-FF-21101 showed significant tumor growth inhibition, indicating that NCI-H1373 and EBC-1 recurrence was not observed after intravenous administration of 3.7 and 7.4 MBq, respectively of 90Y-FF-21101 per animal. Tumor uptake in the mouse xenograft model and estimated absorbed radiation doses in the spleen of monkeys decreased with increasing antibody doses of 111In-FF-21101. Conversely, the estimated absorbed radiation dose in the red marrow increased with increasing antibody dose. An antibody dose of 4.8 mg/m2 was considered appropriate for humans, on the basis of efficacy and safety. The maximum tolerated administered activity of 90Y-FF-21101 was estimated to be 2,886 MBq/human. Conclusion: FF-21101 radioimmunotherapy exhibited high antitumor affinity and antitumor efficacy in mouse xenograft models. Extrapolation of the pharmacokinetics in monkeys to humans suggests the potential for clinical application of FF-21101 for treating P-cadherin–expressing tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Funase
- RI Research Department, Fujifilm Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd., Chiba, Japan .,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; and
| | - Eri Nakamura
- RI Research Department, Fujifilm Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd., Chiba, Japan
| | - Masamichi Kajita
- RI Research Department, Fujifilm Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd., Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Saito
- RI Research Department, Fujifilm Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd., Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinobu Oshikiri
- RI Research Department, Fujifilm Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd., Chiba, Japan
| | - Michi Kitano
- RI Research Department, Fujifilm Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd., Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiko Tokura
- Project Management Department, Fujifilm Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hino
- RI Research Department, Fujifilm Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd., Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomoya Uehara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; and
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Wojdowska W, Karczmarczyk U, Balog L, Sawicka A, Pöstényi Z, Kovács-Haász V, Polyák A, Laszuk E, Mikołajczak R, Garnuszek P. Impact of DOTA-Chelators on the Antitumor Activity of 177Lu-DOTA-Rituximab Preparations in Lymphoma Tumor-Bearing Mice. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 35:558-562. [PMID: 32255676 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This work aimed to evaluate the influence of two chelators: DOTA(SCN) and DOTA(NHS) on radioimmunotherapy using 177Lu-DOTA-Rituximab preparations in murine lymphoma xenograft models. Subsequently, based on animal data, the organ radiation-absorbed doses were extrapolated to humans (adult male). Materials and Methods: Therapeutic efficacy of 177Lu-DOTA-Rituximab was evaluated in male nude mice bearing either Raji (B lymphocyte, CD20+) and Jurkat (T lymphocyte, CD20) xenografts, utilizing an anti-CD20 antibody-Rituximab conjugate with either DOTA(SCN) or DOTA(NHS). The DOTA-Rituximab conjugates were prepared in the form of freeze-dried kits. Results: All radioimmunoconjugates were obtained with high radiolabeling yield (radiochemical purity, RCP > 95%) and specific activity of ca. 0.5 GBq/mg. Therapeutic effects of 177Lu-DOTA-Rituximab were observed in animals regardless whether DOTA(SCN) or DOTA(NHS) were used for conjugation. Importantly, therapy involving 177Lu-DOTA-Rituximab was more effective than use of Rituximab alone. Conclusions: The degree of antitumor efficacy was dependent on the type of applied bifunctional chelators conjugated to mAb. However, this difference was not statistically significant. Dosimetry calculations showed that the absorbed radiation doses extrapolated to humans were very low for osteogenic cells regardless of the conjugates. Organs like the liver and spleen, treated with 177Lu-DOTA(SCN)-Rituximab, showed similar radiation absorbed doses when compared with 177Lu-DOTA(NHS)-Rituximab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Wojdowska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Research and Development Department, Otwock, Poland
| | - Urszula Karczmarczyk
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Research and Development Department, Otwock, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Sawicka
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Research and Development Department, Otwock, Poland
| | - Zita Pöstényi
- Synlab Budapest Diagnostic Center, Microbiology Laboratory Synlab Hungary Ltd, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Veronika Kovács-Haász
- National Public Health Center, National Research Directorate on Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Polyák
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ewa Laszuk
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Research and Development Department, Otwock, Poland
| | - Renata Mikołajczak
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Research and Development Department, Otwock, Poland
| | - Piotr Garnuszek
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Radioisotope Centre POLATOM, Research and Development Department, Otwock, Poland
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Karczmarczyk U, Wojdowska W, Mikołajczak R, Maurin M, Laszuk E, Garnuszek P. Influence of DOTA Chelators on Radiochemical Purity and Biodistribution of 177Lu- and 90Y-Rituximab in Xenografted Mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2018; 17:1201-1208. [PMID: 30568680 PMCID: PMC6269569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This work presents a comparative biological evaluation of 90Y- and 177Lu- labelled DOTA-SCN and DOTA-NHS conjugated to Rituximab in tumour-bearing mice. Two DOTA derivatives, p-SCN-Bn-DOTA and DOTA-NHS-ester were conjugated to Rituximab and then freeze-dried kit formulations were prepared, as previously described (1). Tissue distribution was investigated in tumour-bearing (Raji s.c.) male Rj: NMRI-Foxn1nu/Foxn1nu mice at different time points after administration of 177Lu-DOTA-Rituximab or 90Y-DOTA-Rituximab (6 MBq/10 μg per mouse). In addition, tumour images were acquired with a PhotonIMAGERTM after injection of 90Y-DOTA (SCN)-Rituximab. All radioimmunoconjugates were obtained with high radiolabelling yield (RCP > 98%) and specific activity of ca. 0.6 GBq/mg. The conjugates were stable in human serum and in 0.9% NaCl; however, progressive aggregation was observed with time, in particular for DOTA -(SCN) conjugates. Both 177Lu- and 90Y-DOTA -(SCN)-Rituximab revealed slow blood clearance. The maximum tumour uptake was found 72 h after injection of 177Lu-DOTA -(SCN)-Rituximab (9.3 ID/g). A high radioactivity uptake was observed in liver and spleen, confirming the hepatobiliary excretion route. The results obtained by the radioactive optical imaging harmonize with those from the biodistribution study.
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9
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Bokhari TH, Butt MB, Hina S, Iqbal M, Daud M, Imran M. A review on 90Y-labeled compounds and biomolecules. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-017-5622-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Jalilian AR, Beiki D, Hassanzadeh-Rad A, Eftekhari A, Geramifar P, Eftekhari M. Production and Clinical Applications of Radiopharmaceuticals and Medical Radioisotopes in Iran. Semin Nucl Med 2017; 46:340-58. [PMID: 27237443 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
During past 3 decades, nuclear medicine has flourished as vibrant and independent medical specialty in Iran. Since that time, more than 200 nuclear physicians have been trained and now practicing in nearly 158 centers throughout the country. In the same period, Tc-99m generators and variety of cold kits for conventional nuclear medicine were locally produced for the first time. Local production has continued to mature in robust manner while fulfilling international standards. To meet the ever-growing demand at the national level and with international achievements in mind, work for production of other Tc-99m-based peptides such as ubiquicidin, bombesin, octreotide, and more recently a kit formulation for Tc-99m TRODAT-1 for clinical use was introduced. Other than the Tehran Research Reactor, the oldest facility active in production of medical radioisotopes, there is one commercial and three hospital-based cyclotrons currently operational in the country. I-131 has been one of the oldest radioisotope produced in Iran and traditionally used for treatment of thyrotoxicosis and differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Since 2009, (131)I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine has been locally available for diagnostic applications. Gallium-67 citrate, thallium-201 thallous chloride, and Indium-111 in the form of DTPA and Oxine are among the early cyclotron-produced tracers available in Iran for about 2 decades. Rb-81/Kr-81m generator has been available for pulmonary ventilation studies since 1996. Experimental production of PET radiopharmaceuticals began in 1998. This work has culminated with development and optimization of the high-scale production line of (18)F-FDG shortly after installation of PET/CT scanner in 2012. In the field of therapy, other than the use of old timers such as I-131 and different forms of P-32, there has been quite a significant advancement in production and application of therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals in recent years. Application of (131)I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine for treatment of neuroblastoma, pheochromocytoma, and other neuroendocrine tumors has been steadily increasing in major academic university hospitals. Also (153)Sm-EDTMP, (177)Lu-EDTMP, (90)Y-citrate, (90)Y-hydroxyapatite colloid, (188/186)Re-sulfur colloid, and (188/186)Re-HEDP have been locally developed and now routinely available for bone pain palliation and radiosynovectomy. Cu-64 has been available to the nuclear medicine community for some time. With recent reports in diagnostic and therapeutic applications of this agent especially in the field of oncology, we anticipate an expansion in production and availability. The initiation of the production line for gallium-68 generator is one of the latest exciting developments. We are proud that Iran would be joining the club of few nations with production lines for this type of generator. There are also quite a number of SPECT and PET tracers at research and preclinical stage of development preliminarily introduced for possible future clinical applications. Availability of fluorine-18 tracers and gallium-68 generators would no doubt allow rapid dissemination of PET/CT practices in various parts of our large country even far from a cyclotron facility. Also, local production and availability of therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals are going to open exciting horizons in the field of nuclear medicine therapy. Given the available manpower, local infrastructure of SPECT imaging, and rapidly growing population, the production of Tc-99m generators and cold kit would continue to flourish in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Davood Beiki
- Research Center for Nuclear Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arman Hassanzadeh-Rad
- Research Center for Nuclear Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Eftekhari
- Diagnostic Radiology/Nuclear Medicine, Surrey Memorial Hospital and Jim Pattison Outpatient Care and Surgery Centre, Surrey, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Parham Geramifar
- Research Center for Nuclear Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Eftekhari
- Research Center for Nuclear Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ackova DG, Smilkov K, Janevik-Ivanovska E. Physicochemical Evaluation of Lyophilized Formulation of p-SCN-Bn-DOTA- and p-SCN-Bn-DTPA-rituximab for NHL Radio Immunotherapy. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2016; 15:295-302. [PMID: 27980563 PMCID: PMC5149015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is said to be more advantageous compared to unlabelled therapeutic antibodies. To this date, radiolabelled murine anti-CD20 mAbs, Zevalin® and Bexxar® have been approved for imaging and therapy. A preparation containing rituximab, chimeric mAb radio immunoconjugate suitable for Lu-177 labeling, could provide better imaging and therapeutic profile at the same time. This study was conducted to evaluate prepared lyophilized formulations of two rituximab immune conjugates, intended for immediate Lu-177 labeling, for imaging and therapy. The characterization of the conjugates and demonstration of the integrity of the protein and purity after conjugation and lyophilization was performed by SDS-PAGE, FT-IR and MALDI-TOF-MS. The results showed preserved antibody structure and average of 6.1 p-SCN-Bn-DOTA and 8.8 p-SCN-Bn-DTPA groups per antibody molecule which is suitable for successful labeling. These results support the possibility of developing a "ready-to-label" rituximab immune conjugates for NHL imaging/therapy.
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12
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Kameswaran M, Pandey U, Dhakan C, Pathak K, Gota V, Vimalnath K, Dash A, Samuel G. Synthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of 177Lu-CHX-A”-DTPA-Rituximab as a Radioimmunotherapeutic Agent for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2015; 30:240-6. [DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2015.1836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mythili Kameswaran
- Isotope Production and Applications Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Usha Pandey
- Isotope Production and Applications Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Chetan Dhakan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Center, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Kamal Pathak
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Center, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Vikram Gota
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Center, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - K.V. Vimalnath
- Isotope Production and Applications Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Ashutosh Dash
- Isotope Production and Applications Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Grace Samuel
- Isotope Production and Applications Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
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