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Mo F, Luo Y, Fan D, Zeng H, Zhao Y, Luo M, Liu X, Ma X. Integrated Analysis of mRNA-seq and miRNA-seq to Identify c-MYC, YAP1 and miR-3960 as Major Players in the Anticancer Effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester in Human Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Line. Curr Gene Ther 2021; 20:15-24. [PMID: 32445454 DOI: 10.2174/1566523220666200523165159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE), an active extract of propolis, has recently been reported to have broad applications in various cancers. However, the effects of CAPE on Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) are largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the anti-proliferative effect of CAPE and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms in SCLC cells using high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. METHODS Small-cell lung cancer H446 cells were treated with CAPE, and cell proliferation and apoptosis were then assessed. Additionally, the regulation mediated by miR-3960 after CAPE treatment was explored and the altered signaling pathways were predicted in a bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS CAPE significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. CAPE decreased the expression of Yes-Associated Protein 1 (YAP1) and cellular myelocytomatosis oncogene (c-MYC) protein. Moreover, the upregulation of miR-3960 by CAPE contributed to CAPE-induced apoptosis. The knockdown of miR-3960 decreased the CAPE-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION We demonstrated the anti-cancer effect of CAPE in human SCLC cells and studied the mechanism by acquiring a comprehensive transcriptome profile of CAPE-treated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Mo
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ya Luo
- Laboratory of Tumor Targeted and Immune Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dian Fan
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunuo Zhao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Meng Luo
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaobei Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Laboratory of Tumor Targeted and Immune Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Graham KE, Prussin AJ, Marr LC, Sassoubre LM, Boehm AB. Microbial community structure of sea spray aerosols at three California beaches. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2018; 94:4810542. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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McGuinness WA, Malachowa N, DeLeo FR. Vancomycin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 90:269-281. [PMID: 28656013 PMCID: PMC5482303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The evolution of Staphylococcus aureus during the modern antibiotic era has been delineated by distinct strain emergence events, many of which include acquisition of antibiotic resistance. The relative high burden of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in healthcare and community settings is a major concern worldwide. Vancomycin, a glycopeptide antibiotic that inhibits cell wall biosynthesis, remains a drug of choice for treatment of severe MRSA infections. S. aureus strains exhibiting increased resistance to vancomycin, known as vancomycin intermediate-resistant S. aureus (VISA) (MIC = 4-8 µg/mL), were discovered in the 1990s. The molecular basis of resistance in VISA is polygenic and involves stepwise mutations in genes encoding molecules predominantly involved in cell envelope biosynthesis. S. aureus isolates with complete resistance to vancomycin (MIC ≥ 16 µg/mL) are termed vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA)-they were first reported in the U.S. in 2002. Resistance in VRSA is conferred by the vanA gene and operon, which is present on a plasmid. Although treatment of VRSA infections is challenging, the total number of human VRSA infections to date is limited (14 in the U.S.). By comparison, the burden of VISA is relatively high and the molecular mechanisms of resistance are less well-defined. VISA are associated with persistent infections, vancomycin treatment failure, and poor clinical outcomes. Here, we review in brief progress made toward understanding the acquisition of antibiotic resistance in S. aureus, with an emphasis on the molecular mechanisms underlying vancomycin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Frank R. DeLeo
- To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Frank R. DeLeo, Ph.D., Tel.: 406-363-9315,
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Scatà M, Di Stefano A, Liò P, La Corte A. The Impact of Heterogeneity and Awareness in Modeling Epidemic Spreading on Multiplex Networks. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37105. [PMID: 27848978 PMCID: PMC5111071 DOI: 10.1038/srep37105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the real world, dynamic processes involving human beings are not disjoint. To capture the real complexity of such dynamics, we propose a novel model of the coevolution of epidemic and awareness spreading processes on a multiplex network, also introducing a preventive isolation strategy. Our aim is to evaluate and quantify the joint impact of heterogeneity and awareness, under different socioeconomic conditions. Considering, as case study, an emerging public health threat, Zika virus, we introduce a data-driven analysis by exploiting multiple sources and different types of data, ranging from Big Five personality traits to Google Trends, related to different world countries where there is an ongoing epidemic outbreak. Our findings demonstrate how the proposed model allows delaying the epidemic outbreak and increasing the resilience of nodes, especially under critical economic conditions. Simulation results, using data-driven approach on Zika virus, which has a growing scientific research interest, are coherent with the proposed analytic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialisa Scatà
- University of Catania, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica, Elettronica e Informatica, Catania, 95125, Italy
| | - Alessandro Di Stefano
- University of Catania, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica, Elettronica e Informatica, Catania, 95125, Italy
| | - Pietro Liò
- University of Cambridge, Computer Laboratory, Cambridge (UK), CB3OFD, UK
| | - Aurelio La Corte
- University of Catania, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica, Elettronica e Informatica, Catania, 95125, Italy
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Robinson CK, Brotman RM, Ravel J. Intricacies of assessing the human microbiome in epidemiologic studies. Ann Epidemiol 2016; 26:311-21. [PMID: 27180112 PMCID: PMC4892937 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In the past decade, remarkable relationships have been documented between dysbiosis of the human microbiota and adverse health outcomes. This review seeks to highlight some of the challenges and pitfalls that may be encountered during all stages of microbiota research, from study design and sample collection, to nucleic acid extraction and sequencing, and bioinformatic and statistical analysis. METHODS Literature focused on human microbiota research was reviewed and summarized. RESULTS Although most studies have focused on surveying the composition of the microbiota, fewer have explored the causal roles of these bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi in affecting disease states. Microbiome research is in its relatively early years and many aspects remain challenging, including the complexity and personalized aspects of microbial communities, the influence of exogenous and often confounding factors, the need to apply fundamental principles of ecology and epidemiology, the necessity for new software tools, and the rapidly evolving genomic, technological, and analytical landscapes. CONCLUSIONS Incorporating human microbiome research in large epidemiologic studies will soon help us unravel the intricate relationships that we have with our microbial partners and provide interventional opportunities to improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney K Robinson
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - Rebecca M Brotman
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.
| | - Jacques Ravel
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.
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Moore SA, Levy BH, Prematilake C, Dissanaike S. The Prediction Predicament: Rethinking Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections Mortality. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2015; 16:813-21. [PMID: 26258645 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2015.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our study sought to identify independent risk factors predisposing patients with necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs) to mortality from among laboratory values, demographic data, and microbiologic findings in a small population. To this end, a retrospective review was conducted of the medical records of all patients with NSTI who had been treated at our institution from 2003 to 2012 (n=134). METHODS Baseline demographics and comorbidities, clinical and laboratory values, hospital course, and the microbiologic characteristics of surgical incision cultures were recorded. Each variable was tested for association with survival status and all associated variables with p<0.15 were included in a logistic regression model to seek factors associated independently with mortality. RESULTS Surprisingly, no demographic or pre-existing condition proved to be a predictor of mortality. Two laboratory values had an inverse correlation to mortality: High C-reactive protein (CRP) and highest recorded CRP. Of surgical incisions that grew bacteria in culture, 33.6% were polymicrobial. Mortality rates were highest with Enterococcus-containing polymicrobial infections (50%), followed by those containing Pseudomonas (40%), and Streptococcus spp. (27%). Understanding why so many studies across the literature, now including our own, find such disparate results for correlation of NSTI mortality with patient data may lie in the fundamentally dynamic nature of the organisms involved. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that no single factor present on admission is a robust predictor of outcome; it is likely that survival in NSTI is predicated upon a complex interaction of multiple host and microbial factors that do not lend themselves to reduction into a simple formula. It is also abundantly clear that the well-established principles of NSTI surgery should continue to be followed in all cases, with an emphasis on early debridement, irrespective of apparent severity of initial presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A Moore
- 1 Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Lubbock, Texas
| | - Brandon H Levy
- 1 Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Lubbock, Texas
| | - Chalani Prematilake
- 2 Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Texas Tech University , Lubbock, Texas
| | - Sharmila Dissanaike
- 1 Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center , Lubbock, Texas
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Tongue images and tongue coating microbiome in patients with colorectal cancer. Microb Pathog 2014; 77:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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