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Tsiomita S, Georgopoulou U, Doumba PP, Koskinas J, Adamidis K, Papaloukas C, Thyphronitis G. Evaluation of alternative serum biomarkers to monitor the progression of chronic HBV and HCV infection. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2017; 58:17-22. [PMID: 29221787 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are among the most serious health conditions affecting about 600 million people worldwide leading to a number of severe liver diseases. Due to the lack of warning signs or mild symptoms during the early stage of the infection, a molecular signature associated with disease progression would be useful. Based on our recent paper where candidate biomarkers were determined through topological and modularity analysis of protein interaction networks (PINs), this study was focused on the evaluation of MIF, TNFRSF1A, FAS and TMSB4X as diagnostic biomarkers in chronic HBV and HCV infections. The aim was to establish a molecular profile, by combining those markers, that would discriminate the different stages during the progression of chronic hepatitis. One hundred and fifteen patients infected with HBV or HCV categorized into three groups: non-cirrhotic, cirrhotic and with HCC, and 20 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Serum levels of the aforementioned factors were measured by ELISA. TNFRSF1A serum levels appeared statistically significantly increased in all patient groups compared to control group with a p-value of <0.05. Furthermore, the combination of TNFRSF1A and TMSB4X serum levels successfully classified 63, 47% of patients indicating an association with HBV and HCV infections. Thus, variations of serum levels of TNFRSF1A and TMSB4X could be associated with the different stages of the disease and may be utilized for further research. On the other hand, we found no contribution of MIF and FAS serum levels for successful classification of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tsiomita
- Department of Biological Applications and Technology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
| | - U Georgopoulou
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece.
| | - P P Doumba
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - J Koskinas
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - K Adamidis
- Department of Biological Applications and Technology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - C Papaloukas
- Department of Biological Applications and Technology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - G Thyphronitis
- Department of Biological Applications and Technology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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Doxycycline and Benznidazole Reduce the Profile of Th1, Th2, and Th17 Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in Cardiac Tissue from Chronic Trypanosoma cruzi-Infected Dogs. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:3694714. [PMID: 27688600 PMCID: PMC5023831 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3694714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines (CKs) and chemokine receptors (CKR) promote leukocyte recruitment into cardiac tissue infected by the Trypanosoma cruzi. This study investigated the long-term treatment with subantimicrobial doses of doxycycline (Dox) in association, or not, with benznidazole (Bz) on the expression of CK and CKR in cardiac tissue. Thirty mongrel dogs were infected, or not, with the Berenice-78 strain of T. cruzi and grouped according their treatments: (i) two months after infection, Dox (50 mg/kg) 2x/day for 12 months; (ii) nine months after infection, Bz (3,5 mg/kg) 2x/day for 60 days; (iii) Dox + Bz; and (iv) vehicle. After 14 months of infection, hearts were excised and processed for qPCR analysis of Th1 (CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CXCL9, and CXCL11), Th2 (CCL1, CCL17, CCL24, and CCL26), Th17 (CCL20) CKs, Th1 (CCR5, CCR6, and CXCR3), and Th2/Th17 (CCR3, CCR4, and CCR8) CKR, as well as IL-17. T. cruzi infection increases CCL1, CCL2, CCL4, CCL5, CCL17, CXCL10, and CCR5 expression in the heart. Dox, Bz, or Dox + Bz treatments cause a reversal of CK and CKR and reduce the expression of CCL20, IL-17, CCR6, and CXCR3. Our data reveal an immune modulatory effect of Dox with Bz, during the chronic phase of infection suggesting a promising therapy for cardiac protection.
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An interferon response gene signature is associated with the therapeutic response of hepatitis C patients. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104202. [PMID: 25111807 PMCID: PMC4128657 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide, and thus represents a significant public health problem. The type I interferon (IFN), IFNα, has been successful in treating HCV-infected patients, but current IFN-based treatment regimens for HCV have suboptimal efficacy, and relatively little is known about why IFN therapy eliminates the virus in some patients but not in others. Therefore, it is critical to understand the basic mechanisms that underlie the therapeutic resistance to IFN action in HCV-infected individuals, and there is an urgent need to identify those patients most likely to respond to IFN therapy for HCV. To characterize the response of HCV-infected patients to treatment with IFNα, the expression of an IFN-response gene signature comprised of IFN-stimulated genes and genes that play an important role in the innate immune response was examined in liver biopsies from HCV-infected patients enrolled in a clinical trial. In the present study we found that the expression of a subset of IFN-response genes was dysregulated in liver biopsy samples from nonresponsive hepatitis C patients as compared with virologic responders. Based on these findings, a statistical model was developed to help predict the response of patients to IFN therapy, and compared to results obtained to the IL28 mutation model, which is highly predictive of the response to IFN-based therapy in HCV-infected patients. We found that a model incorporating gene expression data can improve predictions of IFN responsiveness compared to IL28 mutation status alone.
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Huik K, Avi R, Carrillo A, Harper N, Pauskar M, Sadam M, Karki T, Krispin T, Kongo UK, Jermilova T, Rüütel K, Talu A, Abel-Ollo K, Uusküla A, Ahuja SK, He W, Lutsar I. CCR5 haplotypes influence HCV serostatus in Caucasian intravenous drug users. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70561. [PMID: 23936229 PMCID: PMC3723663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Up to 90% HIV-1 positive intravenous drug users (IDUs) are co-infected with HCV. Although best recognized for its function as a major co-receptor for cell entry of HIV, CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of HCV infection. Here, we investigated whether CCR5 haplotypes influence HIV-1 and HCV seropositivity among 373 Caucasian IDUs from Estonia. Methods Of these IDUs, 56% and 44% were HIV and HCV seropositive, respectively, and 47% were coinfected. 500 blood donors seronegative for HIV and HCV were also evaluated. CCR5 haplotypes (HHA to HHG*2) were derived after genotyping nine CCR2–CCR5 polymorphisms. The association between CCR5 haplotypes with HIV and/or HCV seropositivity was determined using logistic regression analysis. Co-variates included in the models were length of intravenous drug use, HBV serostatus and copy number of CCL3L1, the gene encoding the most potent HIV-suppressive chemokine and ligand for CCR5. Results Compared to IDUs seronegative for both HCV and HIV (HCV−/HIV-), IDUs who were HCV+/HIV- and HCV+/HIV+were 92% and 82%, respectively, less likely to possess the CCR5-HHG*1 haplotype, after controlling for co-variates (Padjusted = 1.89×10−4 and 0.003, respectively). This association was mostly due to subjects bearing the CCR5 HHE and HHG*1 haplotype pairs. Approximately 25% and<10% of HCV−/HIV- IDUs and HCV−/HIV- blood donors, respectively, possessed the HHE/HHG*1 genotype. Conclusions Our findings suggest that HHG*1-bearing CCR5 genotypes influence HCV seropositivity in a group of Caucasian IDUs.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Chemokines, CC/blood
- Chemokines, CC/genetics
- Chemokines, CC/immunology
- Coinfection
- Estonia/epidemiology
- Female
- Gene Expression
- HIV Seropositivity/epidemiology
- HIV Seropositivity/ethnology
- HIV Seropositivity/genetics
- HIV Seropositivity/virology
- HIV-1/isolation & purification
- Haplotypes
- Hepacivirus/isolation & purification
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/ethnology
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/genetics
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/immunology
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/virology
- Humans
- Male
- Prevalence
- Receptors, CCR5/blood
- Receptors, CCR5/genetics
- Receptors, CCR5/immunology
- Substance Abuse, Intravenous/ethnology
- Substance Abuse, Intravenous/genetics
- Substance Abuse, Intravenous/immunology
- Substance Abuse, Intravenous/virology
- White People
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristi Huik
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Radko Avi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andrew Carrillo
- Veterans Administration Research Center for AIDS and HIV-1 Infection, and Center for Personalized Medicine, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- Departments of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nathan Harper
- Veterans Administration Research Center for AIDS and HIV-1 Infection, and Center for Personalized Medicine, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- Departments of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Merit Pauskar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maarja Sadam
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tõnis Karki
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tõnu Krispin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ulvi-Kaire Kongo
- Immunoheamatology Reference Laboratory, North Estonia Medical Centre Foundation, Tallinn, Estonia
| | | | - Kristi Rüütel
- National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Ave Talu
- National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | | | - Anneli Uusküla
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sunil K. Ahuja
- Veterans Administration Research Center for AIDS and HIV-1 Infection, and Center for Personalized Medicine, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- Departments of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Weijing He
- Veterans Administration Research Center for AIDS and HIV-1 Infection, and Center for Personalized Medicine, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- Departments of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (WH); (IL)
| | - Irja Lutsar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- * E-mail: (WH); (IL)
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