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Alawafi R, Rosewilliam S, Soundy A. Overcoming the monster! Perceptions of physiotherapy students regarding the use of stroke master plots for building therapeutic relationships; a vignette study. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 23:311. [PMID: 37147585 PMCID: PMC10161626 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04301-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Narrative master plots identify illness stories which are recognisable within clinical settings. Responses to different master plots by physiotherapy students can lack empathy and need to be understood further. One narrative master plot for people with stroke that has not been well studied is called 'overcoming the monster'. Research is needed to understand physiotherapy students' reactions to this master plot. OBJECTIVE To examine the responses of physiotherapy students to three variations of the master plot called 'overcoming the monster' generated from patients who have had a stroke. METHODS A qualitative narrative vignette study was undertaken. A university in the West Midlands (England) was used to access physiotherapy students on the pre-registration programs. A purposive sample of students volunteered to complete a single vignette questionnaire at one time point. The vignette provided three unique examples of the master plot overcoming the monster as told by people with stroke. Students responded to each by asking specific questions that captured demographic information and questions that captured reactions to the different versions of the master plot. Categorical-content narrative analysis was undertaken. RESULTS Thirty-two first year (BSc) students, thirty-nine first year (pre-registration) MSc students and nineteen third year (BSc) students participated in this study. Neither first year groups had undertaken any clinical placement hours. All third-year students had finished the required clinical placement hours for the physiotherapy course. Students consistently demonstrated empathy towards this master plot. Students often valued the variant of the story which illustrated how difficulties following stroke could be experienced as an 'adventure'. Students also valued and were motivated by the story variant that considered a family member as a source of motivation and encouragement. The story variant which focused on the shortcomings of the health care system was more often related to by the final year BSc students and MSc students. However, first year students, particularly BSc students, reported being more emotionally affected by the vignette. CONCLUSION All variants of the master plot overcoming the monster appeared to generate empathetic responses. This is important because it highlights the value of students' understanding the patients' story and challenges or 'monsters' faced. Therapeutic relationships will benefit from training physiotherapy students on the importance of listening and exploring challenges people with stroke face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Alawafi
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- King Khalid International Airport, And Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 13412, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheeba Rosewilliam
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Andrew Soundy
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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Biel M, Haley KL. Motivation in Aphasia Treatment: Self-Determination Theory Applied to the FOURC Model. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2023; 32:1016-1036. [PMID: 36889681 DOI: 10.1044/2022_ajslp-22-00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although the importance of motivation to successful rehabilitation is frequently acknowledged in the aphasia literature, little evidence-based guidance has been provided on how to support it. The purpose of this tutorial is to introduce a well-validated theory of motivation, self-determination theory (SDT); explain its role as the foundation for the FOURC model of collaborative goal setting and treatment planning; and explain how it may be applied during rehabilitation to support the motivation of people with aphasia. METHOD We provide an overview of SDT, explore the link between motivation and psychological wellness, and discuss how psychological needs are addressed in SDT and the FOURC model. Concrete examples from aphasia therapy are used to illustrate main concepts. CONCLUSIONS SDT offers tangible guidance for supporting motivation and wellness. SDT-based practices support positive forms of motivation, which is one of the targets of FOURC. An understanding of SDT's theoretical foundation will help clinicians maximize the impact of collaborative goal setting and aphasia therapy more generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Biel
- Department of Communication Disorders and Sciences, California State University, Northridge
| | - Katarina L Haley
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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Linnet Olesen M, Jørgensen R. Impact of the person-centred intervention guided self-determination across healthcare settings-An integrated review. Scand J Caring Sci 2023; 37:37-59. [PMID: 36524250 DOI: 10.1111/scs.13138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM To review the evidence of the existing literature on the impact of guided self-determination across methodologies in different healthcare settings. METHODS An integrated five-stage review. RESULTS Forty-five eligible papers were included. Guided self-determination was applied in full- or small-scale, or combined with another intervention or approach in different healthcare settings handling, for example diabetes, stroke survivorship, schizophrenia, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and medical disorder, gynaecological and breast cancer, endometriosis, persons with chronic pain, persons in haemodialysis and intensive care survivors. The included studies covered 12 randomised trials, 26 qualitative and seven papers of different methodology. A statistically significant effect was found in three trials. Six main themes describe the qualitative findings across papers on patients: (1) Guided self-determination reduces disease-related loneliness, (2) Insight enables integration of life and disease, (3) Reflection sheets-appreciated but challenging tool to prompt insights and person-specific knowledge, (4) New person-specific knowledge enables person-centred support, (5) Feeling seen and believed in a new and trusted relationship and (6) Exchange of knowledge enables the development of life skills. Four themes describe the healthcare professionals' experience: (1) Change of usual practice-a decision from above, (2) A new role-unlearning previous behaviour and need for support, (3) Reflection sheets as facilitators and barriers and (4) Discovering the benefits of changing to a person-centred approach. CONCLUSION Overall, guided self-determination proved to have a great impact on patient important outcomes and was useful and well-accepted by the majority of patients and healthcare professionals. Albeit guided self-determination is not a 'one size fits all' method. Continuous training and supervision of professionals are a necessary mean when implementing guided self-determination to enhance adoption and sustainability in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Linnet Olesen
- The Interdisciplinary Research Unit of Women's, Children's and Families' Health & Gynecological Department, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Jørgensen
- Aalborg University Hospital - Psychiatry, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Johnson VL, Apps L, Hadjiconstantinou M, Carey ME, Kreit E, Mullis R, Mant J, Davies MJ. The development of a self-management intervention for stroke survivors - My Life After Stroke (MLAS). Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45:226-234. [PMID: 35112969 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2029959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Long-term needs of stroke survivors (especially psychosocial needs and stroke prevention) are not adequately addressed. Self-management programmes exist but the optimal content and delivery approach is unclear. We aim to describe the process undertook to develop a structured self-management programme to address these unmet needs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on the Medical Research Council framework for complex interventions, the development involved three phases: "Exploring the idea": Evidence synthesis and patient and public involvement (PPI) with stroke survivors, carers and healthcare professionals. "The iterative phase": Development and iterative refinement of the format, content, underpinning theories and philosophy of the self-management programme My Life After Stroke (MLAS), with PPI. MLAS consists of two individual appointments and four group sessions over nine weeks, delivered interactively by two trained facilitators. It aims to build independence, confidence and hope and focusses on stroke prevention, maximising physical potential, social support and managing emotional responses. MLAS is grounded in the narrative approach and social learning theory. "Ready for research": The refinement of a facilitator curriculum and participant resources to support programme delivery. RESULTS Through a systematic process, we developed an evidence- and theory-based self-management programme for stroke survivors. CONCLUSIONS MLAS warrants evaluation in a feasibility study.Implications for rehabilitationMy Life After Stroke(MLAS) has been developed using a systematic process, to address the unmet needs of stroke survivors.This systematic process, involved utilising evidence, theories, patient and public involvement, expertise and guidelines from other long-term conditions. This may further help the development of similar self-management programme within the field of stroke.MLAS warrants further evaluation within a feasibility study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicki L Johnson
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Lindsay Apps
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Marian E Carey
- Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Primary Care Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elizabeth Kreit
- Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Primary Care Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ricky Mullis
- Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Primary Care Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jonathan Mant
- Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Primary Care Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Melanie J Davies
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, NIHR, Leicester, UK
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McCormick SA, Ireland C, Yohannes AM, Holmes PS. Technology-Dependent Rehabilitation Involving Action Observation and Movement Imagery for Adults with Stroke: Can It Work? Feasibility of Self-Led Therapy for Upper Limb Rehabilitation after Stroke. Stroke Res Treat 2022; 2022:8185893. [PMID: 36345552 PMCID: PMC9637031 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8185893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor (re)learning via technology-dependent therapy has the potential to complement traditional therapies available to older adults living with stroke after hospital discharge and increase therapy dose. To date, little is known about the feasibility of technology-dependent therapy in a home setting for this population. OBJECTIVE To develop a technology-dependent therapy that provides mental and physical training for older adults with stroke and assess feasibility. Specifically we ask, "Can it work"? DESIGN Single group repeated measures. METHODS 13 participants, aged 18 years and over, were recruited over a six-month period. All participants had mild upper limb impairment following a stoke and were no longer receiving intensive rehabilitation. All participants received 18 days of technology-dependent therapy in their own home. Information was gathered on recruitment and retention, usability, and suitability of outcome measures. RESULTS 11 participants completed the study. The recruitment rate (number recruited/number canvassed; 10.7%) suggests 1907 participants would need to be canvassed to recruit the necessary sample size (n = 204) for a definitive trial designed to provide 90% power at 5% level of significance to detect a clinically meaningful difference of 5.7 points on the Action Research Arm Test. The usability of the application was rated as exceptional on the System Usability Scale. Effectiveness cannot be determined from this study; however, there was a trend for improvement in measures of upper limb function and emotional well-being. Limitations. The study was limited by a relatively small sample size and lack of control group. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated proof of concept of a technology-dependent therapy for upper limb rehabilitation following stroke. The data suggest a definitive trial is feasible, additional strategies to improve recruitment should be considered. Outcome measures aligned with the residual motor function of participants are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheree A. McCormick
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Abebaw M. Yohannes
- Department of Physical Therapy, Azusa Pacific University, California, USA
| | - Paul S. Holmes
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
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Roikjaer SG, Gärtner HS, Timm H. Use of narrative methods in rehabilitation and palliative care in Scandinavian countries: A scoping review. Scand J Caring Sci 2021; 36:346-381. [PMID: 34882807 DOI: 10.1111/scs.13050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although narratives-including an ill person's life story, life situation and future perspectives-seem to lie at the core of rehabilitation and palliative care in Scandinavian countries, we lack a scope of how, when and where narrative methods are used. Such a scope could provide knowledge and inspiration on a practical as well as a policy level. The objective of this study is to explore the literature on the use of systematic, narrative methods in rehabilitative and palliative care for people with life-threatening illness in Scandinavian countries. METHOD We conducted a scoping review in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) where applicable. We performed a systematic search in CINAHL, Medline, PsychInfo, SOCIndex and SveMed+using the search terms 'life threatening illness', 'narratives', 'rehabilitation', 'palliative care' and 'Scandinavia', followed by a search for grey literature. We found 42 records to be eligible for this scope and extracted the data via piloted extraction tables. RESULTS We identified 17 narrative methods and present findings concerning four themes: (1) a record of the narrative methods used; (2) an objective and theoretical framework for the narrative methods; (3) the content and form of the narrative methods; and (4) the significance of the narrative methods used. CONCLUSION Narrative methods are used in systematic ways in rehabilitation and palliative care in Scandinavian countries and cover a wide variety of objectives, theoretical frames, forms and outcomes. Further development may benefit from more elaboration on definitions and the relationships between objectives, theoretical frameworks and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Gundtoft Roikjaer
- REHPA, The Danish Knowledge Center for Rehabilitation and Palliative Care, Nyborg, Denmark.,Naestved, Slagelse, Ringsted Hospitals Department of Neurology, and Department of Physiotherapy and occupational therapy, Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Henriette Søby Gärtner
- REHPA, The Danish Knowledge Center for Rehabilitation and Palliative Care, Nyborg, Denmark.,SIF, The National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Nyborg, Denmark
| | - Helle Timm
- REHPA, The Danish Knowledge Center for Rehabilitation and Palliative Care, Nyborg, Denmark.,SIF, The National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Nyborg, Denmark
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Holloway A, Chandler C, Aviles Reinso L, Clarissa C, Putri A, Choi H, Pan JF, Mitra U, Hewitt J, Cluckie G, Smart A, Noble H, Harris R, Reid J, Kelly DM. Young Adults Rehabilitation Needs and Experiences following Stroke (YARNS): A review of digital accounts to inform the development of age-appropriate support and rehabilitation. J Adv Nurs 2021; 78:869-882. [PMID: 34632610 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore younger adults' experiences of stroke rehabilitation to inform practice, education and future health policy. DESIGN Qualitative analysis of digital and other media sources on public platforms. METHODS Between March and June 2020, the experiences of younger adult stroke survivors aged 18 to 45 at the time of the stroke were collected. Data were gathered from publicly available sources, including social media, and from English-speaking users. In total, 117 accounts from 103 participants were identified from films, autobiographical books, blogs, websites, videos, Twitter and Instagram. Data analysis followed narrative and multimodal analysis with a focus on rehabilitation needs. RESULTS Younger adult stroke survivors make sense of their experience by reflecting on how stroke has impacted their lives. Accounts reflected an emotional journey between the past self, the present self and evolving self, as well as associated challenges such as the impact on relationships and careers. The majority of accounts presented transitions as problematic, including the receipt of the initial diagnosis, or sometimes misdiagnosis, to returning home and achieving long-term rehabilitation goals. Specialist stroke nurses were considered essential in the rehabilitation process. CONCLUSION A complex process of recovery follows stroke for younger adult stroke populations. Challenges to the rehabilitation process need to be better understood and the role of nursing highlighted in future service provision. A series of age-related challenges were highlighted that require attention to improve the care and support offered. IMPACT This article informs clinicians, educators, and policymakers of the age-related needs of young adult stroke survivors. Focusing on the individual and the development of age-appropriate person-centred stroke care is important. The study highlights the role of stroke nursing and challenges the current policy focus on older stroke populations as well as arguing for greater awareness of age-appropriate stroke rehabilitation in younger adults following stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Holloway
- Nursing Studies, School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Colin Chandler
- Nursing Studies, School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lissette Aviles Reinso
- Nursing Studies, School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Catherine Clarissa
- Nursing Studies, School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Arcellia Putri
- Nursing Studies, School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - HyeRi Choi
- Nursing Studies, School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jo-Fan Pan
- University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Udita Mitra
- St. George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Hewitt
- Cardiff University, Aneurin Bevan Health Board, Llandough Hospital, Cardiff, UK
| | - Gillian Cluckie
- St. George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Alison Smart
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Helen Noble
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Ruth Harris
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joanne Reid
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Daniel M Kelly
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Martinsen R, Kitzmüller G, Mangset M, Kvigne K, Evju AS, Bronken BA, Bragstad LK, Hjelle EG, Sveen U, Kirkevold M. Nurses' and occupational therapists' experiences of conducting a home-based psychosocial intervention following stroke: a qualitative process evaluation. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:791. [PMID: 34376188 PMCID: PMC8356405 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-06857-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Persons with stroke are susceptible to psychosocial problems, and express disappointment at how health care professionals fail to meet their psychosocial needs following discharge to home. The responsibility of nurses and occupational therapists in stroke rehabilitation is to assist the persons and their families during the recovery and adjustment process. A home-based dialogical intervention aiming to enhance psychosocial support was therefore developed and tested in a randomized controlled trial. This study is a part of the process evaluation conducted alongside the trial. The aim was to explore the nurses’ and occupational therapists’ experiences of conducting the intervention. Methods Eighteen nurses and four occupational therapists participated in six focus groups to explore their experiences when providing the intervention. The themes discussed in the focus groups were the aspects that facilitated the delivering of the intervention and the challenges they encountered during the study period. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results The analysis generated two themes. The theme Developing a supportive relationship to facilitate the adjustment process following stroke had two subthemes: Getting personally involved and Handling challenges. This theme reveals how the nurses and occupational therapists experienced their relationship with the persons with stroke and potential threats which challenged them while conducting the intervention. The theme Developing professional skills in providing psychosocial support had two subthemes: Becoming confident in conducting dialogues and Integrating psychosocial topics. This theme reveals the aspects that the nurses and occupational therapists perceived as facilitating the development of their professional skills in conducting the dialogues. Conclusion Delivering the psychosocial intervention was perceived as deeply meaningful and increased the nurses’ and occupational therapists’ understanding of how to support stroke survivors to live with the consequences of stroke. However, balancing the professional and the personal relationship was challenging. A basic educational programme, training, supervision and having dedicated time were crucial elements to instil confidence in professionals conducting theme-based dialogues to promote post-stroke psychosocial well-being. Individual clinical experience and knowledge of stroke care were considering important to enable professionals to integrate psychosocial rehabilitation into community health care. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT 02338869, registered 10/04/2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randi Martinsen
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, P.B. 400, 2418, Elverum, Norway.
| | - Gabriele Kitzmüller
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Margrete Mangset
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kari Kvigne
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, P.B. 400, 2418, Elverum, Norway
| | - Anne Svelstad Evju
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Berit Arnesveen Bronken
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, P.B. 400, 2418, Elverum, Norway
| | - Line Kildal Bragstad
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Nursing Science and Research Center for habilitation and rehabilitation services and models (CHARM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ellen Gabrielsen Hjelle
- Department of Nursing Science and Research Center for habilitation and rehabilitation services and models (CHARM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Unni Sveen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Kirkevold
- Department of Nursing Science and Research Center for habilitation and rehabilitation services and models (CHARM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Fraser T, Karon L, Lund A, Sveen U, Kessler D. Examining components of community psychosocial stroke interventions using concept mapping. Scand J Occup Ther 2021; 29:325-336. [PMID: 34181505 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2021.1933172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke impacts psychosocial well-being and engagement in occupation. Psychosocial interventions reduce depression and anxiety but may not impact occupation. Knowledge of key processes and components of community psychosocial stroke interventions can inform future intervention development. AIM/OBJECTIVE(S) To determine the essential elements common to three psychosocial interventions for stroke survivors. MATERIAL(S) AND METHOD(S) Concept maps were created for three community psychosocial stroke interventions based on published literature and communication with researchers who tested the intervention with stroke survivors. The concept maps were then compared to identify common elements. Ongoing communication with researchers ensured accurate representation of each respective intervention. RESULTS Similarities in intervention processes and components included support for autonomy; individualized information exchange; coping, life skill development and adaptation support; competence development; and the incorporation of goals. Differences included intervention delivery (individual versus group), and the avenues in which psychosocial needs are addressed (occupation versus dialogue). CONCLUSIONS Concept mapping identified similarities among the three interventions that can be best understood using self-determination theory. Clinicians may utilize findings revealed in the process to inform evidence-based psychosocial stroke interventions. SIGNIFICANCE Knowledge of key 'active ingredients' for psychosocial community stroke interventions, can be used to guide clinical reasoning and inform development of interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Fraser
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queens University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Leora Karon
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queens University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Anne Lund
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Prosthetics and Orthotics, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Unni Sveen
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Prosthetics and Orthotics, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dorothy Kessler
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queens University, Kingston, Canada
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An Integrative Review Considering the Impact of Storytelling and Sharing Interventions in Stroke. Behav Sci (Basel) 2021; 11:bs11060088. [PMID: 34208441 PMCID: PMC8234102 DOI: 10.3390/bs11060088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Review-based research is needed which can establish the psychosocial outcomes and mechanisms of “storytelling and sharing” interventions for people with stroke. This information will act to inform the value and development of such interventions. Methods: An integrative review was conducted in three stages: (a) a systematic search strategy was undertaken to focus on articles between 2009 until January 2020 to locate articles the considered storytelling and sharing interventions for people diagnosed with stroke; (b) critical appraisal was undertaken to assess study quality; and (c) synthesis within three stages including data reduction, data display and conclusion. Results: Fourteen articles (including 727 participants) were identified that met the eligibility criteria. Five themes were identified that represented the outcome and mechanisms that appeared to be associated with a stroke intervention. These included introducing the concept of hope and learning to be positive, the enhanced ability to cope, the impact of loneliness and social interaction, impact on emotions, depression and related emotions such as fear. Conclusions: Storytelling interventions appear to impact loneliness, introduce positivity and hope and enable coping through knowledge exchange. The main mechanisms which appeared to influence these outcomes were social comparisons and social control.
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Lo SHS, Chau JPC, Choi KC, Shum EWC, Yeung JHM, Li SH. Promoting community reintegration using narratives and skills building for young adults with stroke: a protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMC Neurol 2021; 21:3. [PMID: 33397316 PMCID: PMC7783975 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-020-02015-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke in adults aged between 18 and 64 years old is increasing significantly worldwide. Studies have reported that this group of young stroke survivors encounters enormous difficulties reintegrating into their social roles. Individualised discussions with healthcare professionals and learning from other survivors are imperative for them to reconstruct their identities after stroke. There is also great demand for community support during their chronic stage of recovery to help them rebuild life skills to promote reintegration. METHODS/DESIGN This is a randomised controlled trial to investigate the effects of a 24-week Narrative and Skills-building Intervention (NSI) on young stroke survivors' community reintegration and psychosocial outcomes. A total of 208 adults aged 18-64 years old with a first-ever or recurrent ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke and have been discharged home will be recruited and randomly assigned to receive usual care or usual care with NSI. The NSI is grounded in Narrative Theory and Bandura's principles of Self-efficacy and Outcome Expectation, consisting of successive eight individual sessions over six months delivered by a trained facilitator (a registered nurse). Participants will be facilitated to narrate their survival experiences and rebuild core life skills. Videos of peer young stroke survivors' experiences of recovery will be provided. Outcomes including community reintegration, depressive symptoms, health-related quality of life, self-efficacy, outcome expectation and satisfaction with performance of self-management behaviours will be measured before (T0) and immediately after NSI (T1), then six (T2) and 12 months after NSI (T3). Generalised estimating equations models will be used to compare the differential changes in outcomes across time between the two groups. Focus group interviews will be conducted with the facilitator at T1 and with the participants in the intervention group at T1 and T3. DISCUSSION This study will evaluate the short and long-term effects of a theory-based NSI on young stroke survivors' community reintegration and establish a new model of community reintegration after stroke to inform future research. The results will also provide valuable evidence to develop clinical guidelines for young stroke survivors' community reintegration. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04560140 , registered on 23 September, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Hoi Shan Lo
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Chung Chi College, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Janita Pak Chun Chau
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Chung Chi College, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kai Chow Choi
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Chung Chi College, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Jonas Hon Ming Yeung
- Department of Medicine, Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siu Hung Li
- Department of Medicine, North District Hospital, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Bragstad LK, Hjelle EG, Zucknick M, Sveen U, Thommessen B, Bronken BA, Martinsen R, Kitzmüller G, Mangset M, Kvigne KJ, Hilari K, Lightbody CE, Kirkevold M. The effects of a dialogue-based intervention to promote psychosocial well-being after stroke: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil 2020; 34:1056-1071. [PMID: 32517513 PMCID: PMC7372590 DOI: 10.1177/0269215520929737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effect of a dialogue-based intervention targeting
psychosocial well-being at 12 months post-stroke. Design: Multicenter, prospective, randomized, assessor-blinded, controlled trial with
two parallel groups. Setting: Community. Subjects: Three-hundred and twenty-two adults (⩾18 years) with stroke within the last
four weeks were randomly allocated into intervention group
(n = 166) or control group
(n = 156). Interventions: The intervention group received a dialogue-based intervention to promote
psychosocial well-being, comprising eight individual 1–1½ hour sessions
delivered during the first six months post-stroke. Main measures: The primary outcome measure was the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28).
Secondary outcome measures included the Stroke and Aphasia Quality of Life
Scale-39g, the Sense of Coherence scale, and the Yale Brown single-item
questionnaire. Results: The mean (SD) age of the participants was 66.8 (12.1) years in the
intervention group and 65.7 (13.3) years in the control group. At 12 months
post-stroke, the mean (SE) GHQ-28 score was 20.6 (0.84) in the intervention
group and 19.9 (0.85) in the control group. There were no between-group
differences in psychosocial well-being at 12 months post-stroke (mean
difference: −0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI): −3.08, 1.60). The secondary
outcomes showed no statistically significant between-group difference in
health-related quality of life, sense of coherence, or depression at
12 months. Conclusion: The results of this trial did not demonstrate lower levels of emotional
distress and anxiety or higher levels of health-related quality of life in
the intervention group (dialogue-based intervention) as compared to the
control group (usual care) at 12 months post-stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Kildal Bragstad
- Research Center for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Services and Models (CHARM), Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ellen Gabrielsen Hjelle
- Research Center for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Services and Models (CHARM), Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Manuela Zucknick
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Unni Sveen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bente Thommessen
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Berit Arnesveen Bronken
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Randi Martinsen
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Gabriele Kitzmüller
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Narvik, Norway
| | - Margrete Mangset
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kari Johanne Kvigne
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Katerina Hilari
- Centre for Language and Communication Sciences Research, School of Health Sciences, City, University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Marit Kirkevold
- Research Center for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Services and Models (CHARM), Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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13
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Kitzmüller G, Mangset M, Evju AS, Angel S, Aadal L, Martinsen R, Bronken BA, Kvigne K, Bragstad LK, Hjelle EG, Sveen U, Kirkevold M. Finding the Way Forward: The Lived Experience of People With Stroke After Participation in a Complex Psychosocial Intervention. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2019; 29:1711-1724. [PMID: 30862270 DOI: 10.1177/1049732319833366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Stroke patients' well-being is threatened after stroke. A psychosocial intervention was developed for Norwegian stroke patients living in the community. Eight individual sessions between people with stroke and a trained health care professional were conducted 1 to 6 months post-stroke with one group of participants and 6 to 12 months post-stroke with another group. Subsequently, 19 of these stroke patients were interviewed to gain an in-depth understanding of their lived experience of the influence of the intervention on their adjustment process. Interview texts were analyzed using Ricoeur's interpretation theory. Two participants did not personally find the intervention useful. The remaining participants greatly appreciated dialogues with the empathetic intervention personnel, feeling free to discuss their fears and worries. The intervention raised these participants' awareness of their needs and resources. They were guided to resume their everyday life and adopt a future-oriented attitude. The intervention facilitated their meaning-making endeavors and post-stroke adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anne S Evju
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Narvik, Norway
| | - Sanne Angel
- Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Molde University College, Molde, Norway
| | - Lena Aadal
- Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Hammel Neurorehabilitation Centre and University Research Clinic, Hammel, Denmark
| | - Randi Martinsen
- Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Berit A Bronken
- Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Kari Kvigne
- Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
- Nord University, Sandnessjøen, Norway
| | - Line K Bragstad
- Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Unni Sveen
- Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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14
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Bragstad LK, Bronken BA, Sveen U, Hjelle EG, Kitzmüller G, Martinsen R, Kvigne KJ, Mangset M, Kirkevold M. Implementation fidelity in a complex intervention promoting psychosocial well-being following stroke: an explanatory sequential mixed methods study. BMC Med Res Methodol 2019; 19:59. [PMID: 30876403 PMCID: PMC6419826 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-019-0694-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluation of complex interventions should include a process evaluation to give evaluators, researchers, and policy makers greater confidence in the outcomes reported from RCTs. Implementation fidelity can be part of a process evaluation and refers to the degree to which an intervention is delivered according to protocol. The aim of this implementation fidelity study was to evaluate to what extent a dialogue-based psychosocial intervention was delivered according to protocol. A modified conceptual framework for implementation fidelity was used to guide the analysis. METHODS This study has an explanatory, sequential two-phase mixed methods design. Quantitative process data were collected longitudinally along with data collection in the RCT. Qualitative process data were collected after the last data collection point of the RCT. Descriptive statistical analyses were conducted to describe the sample, the intervention trajectories, and the adherence measures. A scoring system to clarify quantitative measurement of the levels of implementation was constructed. The qualitative data sources were analyzed separately with a theory-driven content analysis using categories of adherence and potential moderating factors identified in the conceptual framework of implementation fidelity. The quantitative adherence results were extended with the results from the qualitative analysis to assess which potential moderators may have influenced implementation fidelity and in what way. RESULTS The results show that the core components of the intervention were delivered although the intervention trajectories were individualized. Based on the composite score of adherence, results show that 80.1% of the interventions in the RCT were implemented with high fidelity. Although it is challenging to assess the importance of each of the moderating factors in relation to the other factors and to their influence on the adherence measures, participant responsiveness, comprehensiveness of policy description, context, and recruitment appeared to be the most prominent moderating factors of implementation fidelity in this study. CONCLUSIONS This evaluation of implementation fidelity and the discussion of what constitutes high fidelity implementation of this intervention are crucial in understanding the factors influencing the trial outcome. The study also highlights important methodological considerations for researchers planning process evaluations and studies of implementation fidelity. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT02338869; registered 10/04/2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Kildal Bragstad
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, P. O Box 4956 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway. .,Institute of Health and Society and Research Center for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Services and Models (CHARM), University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1130 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Berit Arnesveen Bronken
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 400, 2418, Elverum, Norway
| | - Unni Sveen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 4 St. Olavs Plass, 0130, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4956 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ellen Gabrielsen Hjelle
- Institute of Health and Society and Research Center for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Services and Models (CHARM), University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1130 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gabriele Kitzmüller
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Health and Care Sciences, UIT, the Arctic University of Norway, P.O. Box 385, 8505, Narvik, Norway
| | - Randi Martinsen
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 400, 2418, Elverum, Norway
| | - Kari J Kvigne
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 400, 2418, Elverum, Norway
| | - Margrete Mangset
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, P. O Box 4956 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Kirkevold
- Institute of Health and Society and Research Center for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Services and Models (CHARM), University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1130 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway
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15
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Pinto S, Caldeira S, Martins J. The use of the Medical Research Council framework in the study of complex interventions in nursing: a literature review. Nurse Res 2018:e1530. [PMID: 29762981 DOI: 10.7748/nr.2018.e1530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing care addresses several complex interventions and international research into complex interventions is growing. The Medical Research Council framework (MRC-f) is the most cited framework describing the development and evaluation of interventions, but little is known about its use in nursing sciences. AIM To review the literature for uses of MRC-f in developing complex interventions. DISCUSSION Of 287 studies initially identified; the final sample comprised 13 papers. Most studies referred to the development or feasibility phase and were performed in the community. They were mainly focused on the physical dimension and few had a holistic approach. The lack of time and financial support, the subjective nature of these interventions, and difficulties in the recruitment of participants were reported as barriers. CONCLUSION The use of MRC-f in the study of complex interventions is recent in nursing research, but it enhances the design of more feasible and effective nursing interventions. The lack of time, difficulties in the recruitment of adequate sample sizes and lack of financial support were identified as important barriers in the development of complex nursing interventions. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Nurse researchers need to develop skills in planning and conducting research into complex interventions. Academic courses may also be helpful in improving such skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pinto
- Escola Superior de Saúde de Santa Maria, Oporto, Portugal, nursing researcher, Center for Research in Health Technologies and Services, NursID, Oporto, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Caldeira
- Instituto de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Catolica Portuguesa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Martins
- Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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16
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Apps LD, Harrison SL, Mitchell KE, Williams JEA, Hudson N, Singh SJ. A qualitative study of patients' experiences of participating in SPACE for COPD: a Self-management Programme of Activity, Coping and Education. ERJ Open Res 2017; 3:00017-2017. [PMID: 29204434 PMCID: PMC5703355 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00017-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to understand experiences of participation in a supported self-management programme for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There is a wealth of clinical trials examining the outcomes of self-management interventions for individuals with COPD, but current understanding regarding patients' perspectives of such complex interventions is limited. Further insight may help to tailor self-management interventions and maximise patient engagement. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with individuals participating in a self-management programme, SPACE for COPD. Interviews took place at 6 weeks and 6 months following the programme. Data were analysed at each time point using inductive thematic analysis, and subsequently re-examined together. 40 interviews were undertaken and four themes emerged from the analysis: perceptions of the programme; lifestyle changes; social support; and disrupting factors and barriers to maintaining routines. SPACE for COPD was acceptable to participants in this study. The importance of education and social support was emphasised at both time points studied, but there were challenges such as comorbidities, ill health of family members and limited maintenance of exercise behaviours over the longer term. Further consideration of the role of carers and partners may help to improve adherence to self-management programmes once healthcare professional support has stopped. Participants valued SPACE for COPD but met complex barriers to independently maintain healthy behaviour long-termhttp://ow.ly/X7Ch30eMTVn
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay D Apps
- Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Katy E Mitchell
- Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Nicky Hudson
- School of Applied Social Sciences, DeMontfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Sally J Singh
- Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, Leicester, UK
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17
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Morris JH, Kelly C, Joice S, Kroll T, Mead G, Donnan P, Toma M, Williams B. Art participation for psychosocial wellbeing during stroke rehabilitation: a feasibility randomised controlled trial. Disabil Rehabil 2017; 41:9-18. [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1370499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqui H. Morris
- School of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Chris Kelly
- Tayside Healthcare Arts Trust, NHS Tayside, Dundee, UK
| | - Sara Joice
- School of Psychology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Thilo Kroll
- School of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Gillian Mead
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter Donnan
- Population Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Madalina Toma
- School of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Brian Williams
- Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Unit, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
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18
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Törnbom K, Sunnerhagen KS, Danielsson A. Perceptions of physical activity and walking in an early stage after stroke or acquired brain injury. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173463. [PMID: 28273158 PMCID: PMC5342245 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity has been established as being highly beneficial for health after stroke. There are considerable global efforts to find rehabilitation programs that encourage increased physical activity for persons with stroke. However, many persons with stroke or acquired brain injury do not reach recommended levels of physical activity and increased knowledge about why is needed. We aimed to explore views and experiences of physical activity and walking among persons with stroke or acquired brain injury. METHOD A qualitative study was conducted, among persons with stroke (n = 8) or acquired brain injury (n = 2) from a rehabilitation unit at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Sweden. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were held about perceptions and experiences of walking and physical activity in general. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis, with categories that were determined inductively. RESULTS Physical activity in general and walking ability more specifically were considered very important by the participants. However, physical activity was, regardless of exercising habits pre-injury, associated with different kinds of negative feelings and experiences. Commonly reported internal barriers in the current study were; fatigue, fear of falling or getting hurt in traffic, lack of motivation and depression. Reported external barriers were mostly related to walking, for example; bad weather, uneven ground, lack of company or noisy or too busy surroundings. CONCLUSION Persons with stroke or acquired brain injury found it difficult to engage in and sustain an eligible level of physical activity. Understanding individual concerns about motivators and barriers surrounding physical activity may facilitate the work of forming tailor-made rehabilitation for these groups, so that the levels of physical activity and walking can increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Törnbom
- Research group for Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Katharina S. Sunnerhagen
- Research group for Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Danielsson
- Research group for Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
- Unit of physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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19
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Fang Y, Mpofu E, Athanasou J. Reducing depressive or anxiety symptoms in post-stroke patients: Pilot trial of a constructive integrative psychosocial intervention. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2017; 11:53-58. [PMID: 29085269 PMCID: PMC5654182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 30% of stroke survivors clinically have depressive symptoms at some point following stroke and anxiety prevalence is around 20-25%. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this brief report is to evaluate a pilot trial of a constructive integrative psychosocial intervention (CIPI) over standard care in post-stroke depression or anxiety. METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to either CIPI (n = 23) or standard care (n = 19). Patients were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at the 1st, 3rd, and 6th months to monitor changes of mood. RESULTS A Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicated that compared to admission baseline, patients with the intervention had significantly normal post-stroke depression symptom levels at the 1st, 3rd, and 6th months (P < 0.005). CONCLUSION CIPI appears to be of incremental value in treating depression as well as anxiety in subacute care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Fang
- Discipline of Rehabilitation Counselling, Faculty of Health Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia,Department of Rehabilitation Service, Changi General Hospital, Singapore,Address for correspondence: Yihong Fang, Department of Rehabilitation Service, Changi General Hospital, Singapore. Phone: +65 92301568. E-mail:
| | - Elias Mpofu
- Discipline of Rehabilitation Counselling, Faculty of Health Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia,Department of Educational Psychology and Inclusive Education, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - James Athanasou
- Discipline of Rehabilitation Counselling, Faculty of Health Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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20
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Zoffmann V, Hörnsten Å, Storbækken S, Graue M, Rasmussen B, Wahl A, Kirkevold M. Translating person-centered care into practice: A comparative analysis of motivational interviewing, illness-integration support, and guided self-determination. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2016; 99:400-407. [PMID: 26547303 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Person-centred care [PCC] can engage people in living well with a chronic condition. However, translating PCC into practice is challenging. We aimed to compare the translational potentials of three approaches: motivational interviewing [MI], illness integration support [IIS] and guided self-determination [GSD]. METHODS Comparative analysis included eight components: (1) philosophical origin; (2) development in original clinical setting; (3) theoretical underpinnings; (4) overarching goal and supportive processes; (5) general principles, strategies or tools for engaging peoples; (6) health care professionals' background and training; (7) fidelity assessment; (8) reported effects. RESULTS Although all approaches promoted autonomous motivation, they differed in other ways. Their original settings explain why IIS and GSD strive for life-illness integration, whereas MI focuses on managing ambivalence. IIS and GSD were based on grounded theories, and MI was intuitively developed. All apply processes and strategies to advance professionals' communication skills and engagement; GSD includes context-specific reflection sheets. All offer training programs; MI and GSD include fidelity tools. CONCLUSION Each approach has a primary application: MI, when ambivalence threatens positive change; IIS, when integrating newly diagnosed chronic conditions; and GSD, when problem solving is difficult, or deadlocked. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Professionals must critically consider the context in their choice of approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibeke Zoffmann
- The Research Unit Women's and Children's Health, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Åsa Hörnsten
- Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Solveig Storbækken
- Competence Center for Substance Abuse, the Bergen Clinics Foundation, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marit Graue
- Centre for Evidence-Based Practice, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway; Department of Paediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bodil Rasmussen
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Astrid Wahl
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Kirkevold
- Centre for Evidence-Based Practice, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway; Department of Nursing Science, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Norway
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