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Tembo LN, Munyikwa JP, Musoro C, Majonga G, Mavindidze E. Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders and associated factors among University of Zimbabwe Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences non-academic workers: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:792. [PMID: 37803278 PMCID: PMC10557303 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06900-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work-related musculoskeletal disorders most commonly contribute to years lived with disability among workers. Heavy physical work, static work posture, awkward posture, force exertion, lifting and repetitive movements increase the risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders and associated factors among non-academic workers at the University of Zimbabwe Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Non-academic workers included security personnel, catering staff, drivers, library staff, clerical staff, technicians and janitorial staff. METHODS AND MATERIALS The study used a cross-sectional analytical design. One hundred and eight non-academic workers at the University of Zimbabwe Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences were sampled through proportional stratified sampling in January 2021. An adapted Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire capturing socio-demographics and ergonomic risk factors was used to gather data. SPSS v24 was used for data analysis including frequencies, tests of association and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS One hundred non-academic workers from the University of Zimbabwe Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences responded. The 3-month and 12-month prevalences of work-related musculoskeletal disorders were highest in the lower back (n = 72, 72% and n = 75, 75%) and wrists/hands (n = 60, 60% and n = 69, 69%) respectively. Sociodemographic factors such as age (p = 0.002), gender (p < 0.001), educational level (p = 0.008) and worker category (p < 0.001) were associated with increased work-related musculoskeletal disorders, while work experience (p = 0.002) was associated with a decreased prevalence of back pain and discomfort. Females (AOR = 55.90; 95% CI [3.84, 814.54]), security personnel (AOR = 39.53, 95% CI [1.57, 996.00]), catering staff (AOR = 91.3295% CI [2.24, 3724.78]) and those who attained bachelor's degrees (AOR = 73.25, 95% CI [1.46, 3682.39]), higher national diplomas (AOR = 93.49, 95% CI [1.28, 6848.04]) and national diplomas (AOR = 52.22; 95% CI [1.09, 2510.73]) had higher odds of experiencing WMSDs. Increased working experience was protective against experiencing lower back pain (AOR = 0.84; 95% CI [0.74, 0.95]). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders was high among the participants. This was influenced by the nature of work as well as cultural factors. RECOMMENDATIONS Occupational therapists and physiotherapists need to design focused ameliorative and health promotive interventions targeting at-risk populations in universities. Employers should consider developing wellness programs for workers and promoting healthy working environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letwin Nomalungelo Tembo
- Occupational Therapy Program, Rehabilitation Sciences Unit, University of Zimbabwe, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Sciences Unit, Avondale, P.O. Box A178, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Jacquiline Paidamoyo Munyikwa
- Occupational Therapy Program, Rehabilitation Sciences Unit, University of Zimbabwe, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Sciences Unit, Avondale, P.O. Box A178, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Chipo Musoro
- Occupational Therapy Program, Rehabilitation Sciences Unit, University of Zimbabwe, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Sciences Unit, Avondale, P.O. Box A178, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Grace Majonga
- Occupational Therapy Program, Rehabilitation Sciences Unit, University of Zimbabwe, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Sciences Unit, Avondale, P.O. Box A178, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Edwin Mavindidze
- Occupational Therapy Program, Rehabilitation Sciences Unit, University of Zimbabwe, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Sciences Unit, Avondale, P.O. Box A178, Harare, Zimbabwe.
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Ji J, Han Y, Li R, Jin H, Yin C, Niu L, Ying X, Gao Y, Ma Q. The role of effort-reward imbalance and depressive symptoms in the relationship between long working hours and presenteeism among Chinese village doctors: a moderated mediation model. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:497. [PMID: 37434160 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04986-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long working hours and effort-reward imbalance (ERI) among medical workers may contribute to poor mental health and reduced productivity. However, the potential mechanisms among them are not well understood. This study aimed to explore the role of depressive symptoms and ERI in the relationship between long working hours and presenteeism among village doctors. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study in Jiangsu Province, eastern China. 705 village doctors were assessed for working hours, ERI (the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire, ERI questionnaire), presenteeism (6-item Stanford Presenteeism Scale, SPS-6 Scale), and depressive symptoms (12-item General Health Questionnaire, GHQ-12). A moderated mediation model was used to test the role of depressive symptoms (M), and ERI (W) in the relationship between long working hours (X) and presenteeism (Y). RESULTS 45.11% of the village doctors worked more than 55 h per week, and 55.89% were exposed to ERI. The prevalence of depressive symptoms among Chinese village doctors was 40.85%. Long working hours (≥ 55 h per week) were significantly associated with presenteeism behaviors (β = 2.17, P < 0.001). Mediation analysis demonstrated that depressive symptoms (GHQ score > 3) could partly mediate the relationship between long working hours and presenteeism (indirect effect β = 0.64, P < 0.001). Moderated mediation further indicated that the interaction of long working hours and ERI was significantly and positively associated with depressive symptoms, which in turn predicted elevated presenteeism behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Depressive symptoms had a mediating role in the association of long working hours with presenteeism behaviors among Chinese village doctors and ERI augment their negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Ji
- Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Jiangsu, 226019, China
- Department of Health Management, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yarong Han
- Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nantong, China
| | - Ruyu Li
- Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Chengjie Yin
- Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Luyao Niu
- Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Xinyu Ying
- Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Yuexia Gao
- Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Jiangsu, 226019, China.
- Institute for Health and Development, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Jiangsu, 226019, China.
- Department of Health Management, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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Min A, Hong HC. The Effects of Job Demand-control-support Profiles on Presenteeism: Evidence from the Sixth Korean Working Condition Survey. Saf Health Work 2023; 14:85-92. [PMID: 36941940 PMCID: PMC10024180 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Presenteeism is closely related to work performance, work quality and quantity, and productivity at work. According to the job demand-control-support model, job demand, job control, and support play important roles in presenteeism. The present study investigated job characteristics profiles based on the job demand-control-support model and identify the association between job characteristics profiles and presenteeism. Methods This secondary data analysis used the Sixth Korean Working Condition Survey, a nationwide cross-sectional dataset. The study included 25,361 Korean wage workers employed in the workplace with two or more workers. Participants were classified into four job characteristics profiles based on the job demand-control-support model, using latent profile analysis, and logistic regression was performed to examine the association between study variables. Results Overall, 11.0 % of study participants reported experience of presenteeism in the past 12 months. Age, sex, location, monthly income, shift work, work hours, health problems, and sleep disturbances were significantly associated with presenteeism. The rate of presenteeism was the highest in the passive isolate group. The passive collective, active collective, and low-stain collective groups had a 23.0%, 21.0%, and 29.0% lower likelihood of experiencing presenteeism, respectively, than the passive isolate group. Conclusions The job demand-control-support profiles and the risk of presenteeism were significantly associated. The most significant group that lowered the experience of presenteeism was the low-strain collective group, which had a low level of demand and high levels of control and support. Therefore, we need a policy to reduce job demand and increase job control and support at the organizational and national levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hye Chong Hong
- Corresponding author. Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Bldg 106, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.
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Tavares RDSCR, Silva LF, Muniz Júnior J. Presenteeism and noise perception at work: a cross-sectional study using association analysis. SAO PAULO MED J 2023; 141:36-44. [PMID: 36043671 PMCID: PMC9808988 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0792.r2.07042022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presenteeism refers to the presence of a worker at work with reduced performance due to illness, and it is a common public health problem. Exposure to noise during production processes brings risk to workers' health. OBJECTIVE To analyze the health profile of workers in the automotive industry and identify the association between noise perception and presenteeism among workers in the Brazilian automotive industry. DESIGN AND SETTING This was a cross-sectional study utilizing a case study design analyzing the automotive industry in the interior of São Paulo state, Brazil. METHODS This study included 306 workers using the Presenteeism Work Limitations Questionnaire protocol. Multiple logistic regression was used for data analysis. RESULTS Male workers with reports of headache, tension, and limited well-being at work, having perceived that noise exposure interferes with productivity, showed a positive association with the occurrence of presenteeism. Physical demand had the highest score in terms of interfering with the presenteeism index. CONCLUSION Workers' perceptions of noise were associated with presenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiz Felipe Silva
- PhD. Lecturer, Natural Resources Institute (Department), Universidade Federal de Itajubá (UNIFEI), Itajubá (MG), Brazil
| | - Jorge Muniz Júnior
- PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Production, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Guaratinguetá (SP), Brazil
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Seo E, Kim H, Sim Y, Ha MS, Kim U, Kim H. Burnout, Presenteeism and Workplace Conditions of Korean Taekwondo Coaches of High-Performance Athletes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19105912. [PMID: 35627449 PMCID: PMC9141872 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Coaching is a stressful occupation, with expectations that are physically and psychologically demanding. Coaches are highly susceptible to occupational burnout and presenteeism, which ultimately affects the entire sporting community. In this study, coaching stress was evaluated by surveying taekwondo coaches to analyze the contributions of unique cultural predispositions and workplace conditions (environmental) to coach stress, burnout, and presenteeism. We verified the positive correlation between workplace conditions, burnout, and presenteeism for 210 taekwondo coaches; performed frequency, correlation, and confirmatory analysis using the compiled data; and the discussed the results within the framework of a formulated structural equation model. The research results are as follows. First, the workplace conditions of taekwondo coaches had a negative effect on burnout syndrome. Second, the workplace conditions of taekwondo coaches had a negative effect on presenteeism. Lastly, burnout of taekwondo coaches had a significant effect on presenteeism. Therefore, coaches' burnout decreases as their workplace conditions improve, and presenteeism decreases as their burnout increases in controlled workplace conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunchul Seo
- Department of Physical Education, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksan-daro, Iksan 54538, Jeonbuk, Korea;
| | - Hanbeom Kim
- Department of Wellness Sports Science, School of Wellness Industry Convergence, Hankyong National University, 327 Jungang-ro, Anseong-si 17579, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (Y.S.)
| | - YoungKyun Sim
- Department of International Sports, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (Y.S.)
| | - Min-Seong Ha
- Department of Sports Culture, College of the Arts, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea;
| | - Uk Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Dankook University, 152 Jukjeon-ro, Suji-gu, Yongin-si 16890, Gyeonggi-do, Korea;
| | - HyunRyun Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Woosuk University, 443 Samnye-ro, Samnye-eup, Wanju-gun 55338, Jeollabuk-do, Korea;
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Awaad AES, El-Bestar S, El-Gilany AH, Al-Wehedy A, El-Hadidy SS. Presenteeism and associated factors among railway train drivers. F1000Res 2022; 11:470. [PMID: 35811792 PMCID: PMC9237557 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.111999.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Presenteeism is an emerging work-related health problem among train drivers. It is more serious than absenteeism, as it accounts for higher productivity losses over the long term and may increase the risk of occupational accidents. Train drivers have high rates of mental and physical health conditions that may put them at high risk of presenteeism. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 train drivers working in Mansoura railway station and 100 administrative employees working in the Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura university as a comparison group to estimate the prevalence of presenteeism and its associated factors among train drivers working in Mansoura railway station, Egypt. A questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic, occupational and medical data. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) was used to measure non-specific psychological distress. The Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6) was used to assess productivity loss related to sickness presenteeism. Results: The prevalence of presenteeism was significantly higher among train drivers (76%) compared to the comparison group (31%). All participants (100%) with psychological distress reported presenteeism. Being a train driver (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=5.4) and having hypertension (AOR=4.03) are independent predictors for presenteeism. Conclusions: The prevalence of presenteeism and its associated risk factors were significantly higher among train drivers than the comparison group. There is an urgent need for the railway industry to understand the factors that may contribute to presenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa El-Sayed Awaad
- Assistant lecturer of Industrial Medicine and Occupational Health, Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, 35516, Egypt
| | - Sohair El-Bestar
- Professor of Industrial Medicine and Occupational Health, Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, 35516, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Hady El-Gilany
- Professor of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, 35516, Egypt
| | - Adel Al-Wehedy
- Professor of Industrial Medicine and Occupational Health, Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, 35516, Egypt
| | - Samah Saleh El-Hadidy
- Assistant professor of Industrial Medicine and Occupational Health, Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, 35516, Egypt
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Awaad AES, El-Bestar S, El-Gilany AH, Al-Wehedy A, El-Hadidy SS. Presenteeism and associated factors among railway train drivers. F1000Res 2022; 11:470. [PMID: 35811792 PMCID: PMC9237557 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.111999.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Presenteeism is an emerging work-related health problem among train drivers. It is more serious than absenteeism, as it accounts for higher productivity losses and may increase the risk of occupational accidents. Train drivers have high rates of mental and physical health conditions that may put them at high risk of presenteeism. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 train drivers working in Mansoura railway station and 100 administrative employees working in the Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura university as a comparison group to estimate the prevalence of presenteeism and its associated factors among train drivers working in Mansoura railway station, Egypt. A questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic, occupational and medical data. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) was used to measure non-specific psychological distress. The Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6) was used to assess productivity loss related to sickness presenteeism. Results: The prevalence of presenteeism was significantly higher among train drivers (76%) compared to the comparison group (31%). All participants (100%) with psychological distress reported presenteeism. Being a train driver (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=5.4) and having hypertension (AOR=4.03) are independent predictors for presenteeism. Conclusions: The prevalence of presenteeism and its associated risk factors were significantly higher among train drivers than the comparison group. There is an urgent need for the railway industry to understand the factors that may contribute to presenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa El-Sayed Awaad
- Assistant lecturer of Industrial Medicine and Occupational Health, Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, 35516, Egypt
| | - Sohair El-Bestar
- Professor of Industrial Medicine and Occupational Health, Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, 35516, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Hady El-Gilany
- Professor of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, 35516, Egypt
| | - Adel Al-Wehedy
- Professor of Industrial Medicine and Occupational Health, Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, 35516, Egypt
| | - Samah Saleh El-Hadidy
- Assistant professor of Industrial Medicine and Occupational Health, Public Health & Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia Governorate, 35516, Egypt
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous research found increased sickness presenteeism (working despite sickness) associated with home-based telework. The Covid-19 pandemic offers new insights into mechanisms, as a large proportion of the workforce was forced to work from home, irrespective of organizational and individual predispositions. METHODS A path analysis based on survey data from a sample of teleworkers collected during the Covid-crisis was performed. RESULTS We found no general relationship between telework and sickness presenteeism. However, employees with telework experience before the pandemic use telework more often for work intensification which is associated with increased sickness presenteeism. As teleworking before the pandemic is associated with indirect work control (goal-directed management), indirect effects of such work organizations on presenteeism were confirmed. CONCLUSION As hypothesized in prior research, indirect work control may increase self-endangering behavior which is amplified by telework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Gerich
- Department of Sociology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
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Sakai K, Nagata T, Nagata M, Fujino Y, Mori K. The new practice of interviews focusing on presenteeism provides additional opportunities to find occupational health issues. ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.1539/eohp.2021-0021-gp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Sakai
- Department of Occupational Health Practice and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Nagata
- Department of Occupational Health Practice and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Masako Nagata
- Department of Occupational Health Practice and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Fujino
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
| | - Koji Mori
- Department of Occupational Health Practice and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
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Itani O, Kaneita Y, Otsuka Y, Tokiya M, Jike M, Matsumoto Y, Nakagome S, Kinoshita Y. A cross-sectional epidemiological study of the relationship between sleep duration, quality, and rhythm and presenteeism in workers. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2022; 20:53-63. [PMID: 38469066 PMCID: PMC10897641 DOI: 10.1007/s41105-021-00339-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to examine the relationship of sleep (sleep duration, sleep quality, and sleep rhythm) with presenteeism in workers while controlling for other confounding factors. A total of 2375 workers of six Japanese companies received self-administered questionnaires from June to November 2018. Information on sleep duration was used to evaluate sleep quantity, the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) was used to evaluate sleep quality, and workers' engagement in shift work was used to determine their sleep rhythms. We used the World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire to evaluate presenteeism. Information on lifestyle (exercise, smoking, etc.), sex, and age was also collected. We conducted a logistic regression analysis with high absolute/relative presenteeism as an objective variable, sleep duration, AIS, and shift work as dependent variables, and basic attributes and lifestyle factors as adjustment factors. Completed questionnaires were collected from 1992 workers (aged 18-79 years; 25.2% women; response rate: 83.9%). Logistic regression analysis showed that high absolute presenteeism was significantly associated with poor sleep quality (high AIS score; P < 0.001) but not with sleep duration (P = 0.326) and shift work (P = 0.177). High relative absenteeism was significantly associated with poor sleep quality (high AIS score; P = 0.001) but not with sleep duration (P = 0.461) or shift work (P = 0.245). We showed that poor sleep quality is significantly associated with a high level of presenteeism. This suggests focusing on improving sleep quality is important for reducing presenteeism among workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Itani
- Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Kaneita
- Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuichiro Otsuka
- Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Mikiko Tokiya
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu-city, Oita Japan
| | - Maki Jike
- Department of Food Safety and Management, Faculty of Food and Health Sciences, Showa Women’s University, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuuki Matsumoto
- Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Sachi Nakagome
- Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Yu Kinoshita
- Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo Japan
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Lee SY, Lee J, Kwon M. Impacts of heavy smoking and alcohol consumption on workplace presenteeism: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27751. [PMID: 34964731 PMCID: PMC8615302 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Presenteeism refers to the practice of going to work despite poor health, resulting in subpar performance. This study aimed to explore the impacts of smoking and alcohol consumption on workplace presenteeism based on demographic, health-related, and employment variables.The study adopted a cross sectional design with 60,051 wage workers from the database of the second and third Korean Working Conditions Surveys in 2010 and 2011, respectively. A total of 41,404 workers aged 19 years and older, who had worked for at least 1 hour in the previous week, answered the survey questions. Chi-square test as well as univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted using SPSS, version 18.0, to determine the impacts of smoking and alcohol consumption on workplace presenteeism.Of the 41,404 Korean workers, 8512 (20.6%) had experienced presenteeism in the past 12 months. There were significant differences among gender, age, educational status, income, health problems, absenteeism, shift work, night shift, weekly working hours, exposure to secondhand smoke at work, and satisfaction with the workplace environment. Based on the results of multiple regression analysis, heavy smoking (adjusted odds ratio = 1.38, 95% confidence intervals [1.11, 1.72]) and high-risk drinking (adjusted odds ratio = 1.19, 95% confidence intervals [1.08, 1.31]) were significantly related to presenteeism among workers.The results of our study confirmed that smoking and alcohol drinking were related to presenteeism even after controlling other variables (demographic, health-related, and employment variables) that affect presenteeism. Smoking and alcohol drinking are associated with and potentially influence presenteeism; in particular, heavy smoking and high-risk drinking contributed to presenteeism. Companies that encourage employees to receive treatments for reduction of smoking or alcohol consumption may benefit from greater productivity. Hence, we should consider the impact of smoking and alcohol consumption in the workplace and build appropriate strategies and programs to help reduce these behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Lee
- College of Nursing, Kyungbok University, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jinhwa Lee
- Department of Nursing, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Min Kwon
- Department of Nursing, the University of Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
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Min D, Lee SJ. Factors Associated With the Presenteeism of Single-Person Household Employees in Korea: The 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS). J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:808-812. [PMID: 33908385 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The number of single-person households is rapidly increasing worldwide. Many workers from these households have to work even when they are sick, leading to presenteeism. The study aimed to identify factors affecting presenteeism in workers from single-person households. METHODS This study is a retrospective survey, a secondary data analysis using data from the 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey of 2017. RESULTS Of 2156 workers, 366 (17%) showed presenteeism and 1790 (83%) did not. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that being a woman, subjective health status being moderate or good, presence of disease, longer commuting hours, and longer working hours per week are related to presenteeism. CONCLUSIONS To reduce the presenteeism of workers from single-person households, specific programs and organizational policies can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deulle Min
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea (Dr Min), Division of Nursing, Hyejeon College, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea (Dr Lee)
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Viviani CA, Bravo G, Lavallière M, Arezes PM, Martínez M, Dianat I, Bragança S, Castellucci HI. Productivity in older versus younger workers: A systematic literature review. Work 2021; 68:577-618. [PMID: 33612506 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide ageing and thus, workforce ageing, is a concern for both developed and developing nations. OBJECTIVE The aim of the current research was to determine, through a systematic literature review, the effects of age in three dimensions that are often used to define or assess productivity at work. METHODS PICO framework was used to generate search strategies, inclusion criteria and terms. Scopus and PubMed databases were used. Peer-reviewed journal papers written in English and published (or in press) between January 2014 and December 2018 were included. RESULTS After filtering through inclusion criteria, 74 papers were included in the review. Considering productivity, 41%of the findings showed no differences between younger and older workers, 31%report better productivity of younger workers and 28%reported that older workers had better productivity than younger workers. Performance was better in older workers (58%), presenteeism generally showed no significant differences between age groups (61%). Absenteeism was the only outcome where younger workers outperformed older workers (43%). CONCLUSION Overall, there was no difference in productivity between older and younger workers. Older workers performed better than younger workers, but had more absenteeism, while presenteeism showed no differences. As ageing has come to workplaces, holistic approaches addressing total health are suggested to overcome the worldwide workforce ageing phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Viviani
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela de Kinesiología, Chile
| | - G Bravo
- Facultad de Salud y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Las Américas, Chile
| | - M Lavallière
- Module de Kinésiologie, Département des Sciences de la Santé, Université du Québec á Chicoutimi (UQAC), Saguenay (QC), Canada
| | - P M Arezes
- ALGORITMI Centre, School of Engineering of the University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - M Martínez
- Mutual de Seguridad de la Cámara Chilena de la Construcción, Santiago, Chile
| | - I Dianat
- Department of Ergonomics, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - S Bragança
- Research Innovation and Enterprise, Solent University, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - H I Castellucci
- Centro de Estudio del Trabajo y Factores Humanos, Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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Min A, Kang M, Hong HC. Sickness Presenteeism in Shift and Non-Shift Nurses: Using the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18063236. [PMID: 33800982 PMCID: PMC8004057 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nurses have reported higher rates of sickness presenteeism than other workers, which is particularly problematic because this problem is linked to care quality and patient safety. This secondary data analysis study aimed to identify the prevalence of sickness presenteeism and explore related factors among shift and non-shift nurses using the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey. A total of 272 nurses in Korean hospitals were included. The survey included questions on working conditions, health status, and sickness presenteeism. A multivariate logistic regression was used to identify associated factors of sickness presenteeism. Overall, 21.8% of the participants reported experiencing sickness presenteeism; shift nurses experienced more sickness presenteeism than non-shift nurses. Sickness presenteeism was greater in shift nurses who did not have rest breaks during work and in nurses who experienced quick return. Additionally, the odds of sickness presenteeism were approximately four times greater in shift nurses who experienced sleep disturbance and about four times higher in shift nurses who experienced health problems. Among non-shift nurses, the odds of sickness presenteeism were about 15 times greater in those who worked ≥53 h per week. Nurse managers and administrators should prevent sickness presenteeism in hospital nurses to provide quality care and enhance productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Min
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (A.M.); (H.C.H.)
| | - Minkyung Kang
- College of Nursing, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-258-7657
| | - Hye Chong Hong
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (A.M.); (H.C.H.)
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Hayashida T, Shimura A, Higashiyama M, Fujimura Y, Ono K, Inoue T. Psychosomatic Stress Responses and Sleep Disturbance Mediate the Effects of Irregular Mealtimes on Presenteeism. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:315-321. [PMID: 33568911 PMCID: PMC7869830 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s292249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presenteeism is the loss of work productivity of workers owing to physical and mental problems, and its socioeconomic effects are greater than those of absenteeism. Presenteeism is caused by psychological and physical dysfunctions. On the other hand, the regularity of mealtimes is an important factor associated with physical and mental health conditions. We hence assessed the association among the irregularity of mealtimes, presenteeism, psychological and physical stress responses, and sleep disturbance in office workers in companies. METHODS From May to December 2017, the data of 2905 participants who had given their consent to use their information for academic purposes, and answered a questionnaire about the survey and their lifestyle were collected. Path analysis was performed to analyze the association between the irregularity of mealtimes, psychosomatic symptoms (Brief Job Stress Questionnaire), sleep disturbance (Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire), and presenteeism (Work Limitations Questionnaire). RESULTS The direct effect of the irregularity of mealtimes on presenteeism was significant but weak. However, the irregularity of mealtimes had a strong effect on presenteeism indirectly through psychological and physical stress responses and sleep disturbance. CONCLUSION Psychological and physical stress responses and sleep disturbance were identified as mediating factors of the effects of irregularity of mealtimes on presenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taito Hayashida
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo, 193-0998, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo,160-0023, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Shimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo,160-0023, Japan
| | - Motoki Higashiyama
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo,160-0023, Japan
| | - Yota Fujimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo, 193-0998, Japan
| | - Kotaro Ono
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo,160-0023, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo,160-0023, Japan
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Ishimaru T, Fujino Y. Association between work style and presenteeism in the Japanese service sector. J Occup Health 2021; 63:e12211. [PMID: 33683773 PMCID: PMC7938898 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To address ongoing problems concerning population aging and labor shortages in Japan, employers have sought to improve work efficiency and labor productivity. However, it is unclear how presenteeism is affected by working styles in line with current corporate initiatives, such as reduced working hours, varied employment status, and flexible work arrangements. The purpose of this article was to investigate the association between work style and presenteeism. METHODS This cross-sectional study extracted data from employee profiles, employee attendance records, and a questionnaire in a large service sector company. Multiple linear regression was conducted to estimate the contributions of work style variables to the Work Limitations Questionnaire (WLQ) index score. RESULTS In total, 21 500 participants were eligible for analysis. The WLQ index was lower for those working < 35 h/week (adjusted regression coefficient [ARC]:-0.35%; 95% CI: -0.48 to - 0.21) and higher for those working 40-44 h/week or ≥ 45 h/week, compared with those working 35-39 h/week. The position of team manager was positively associated with the WLQ index, whereas senior manager (ARC: -1.44%; 95% CI: -1.71 to - 1.17) and part-time staff (ARC: -1.75%; 95% CI: -1.98 to - 1.52) positions were negatively associated with the WLQ index, compared with non-managers. Those who worked remotely had significantly lower WLQ index scores (ARC: -0.61%; 95% CI: -0.95 to - 0.27). CONCLUSIONS Reduced working hours and flexible work arrangements were associated with lower work limitations, which imply presenteeism, although additional research is necessary to verify these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Ishimaru
- Department of Environmental EpidemiologyInstitute of Industrial Ecological SciencesUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health, JapanKitakyushuJapan
| | - Yoshihisa Fujino
- Department of Environmental EpidemiologyInstitute of Industrial Ecological SciencesUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health, JapanKitakyushuJapan
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17
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Lee Y, Seo E, Mun E, Lee W. A longitudinal study of working hours and chronic kidney disease in healthy workers: The Kangbuk Samsung Health Study. J Occup Health 2021; 63:e12266. [PMID: 34382284 PMCID: PMC8357818 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Long working hours are linked to an increased risk of exposure to work safety hazards that threaten the health of workers. To date, only a few cross-sectional studies regarding the relationship between working characteristics, such as over-workload and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been reported. Therefore, in this longitudinal study, we aimed to examine the direct relationship between long working hours and the incidence of CKD. METHODS We included 97 856 participants without CKD in the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study. Using a self-report questionnaire, we evaluated weekly working hours, which were categorized into 35-40, 41-52, and >52 hours. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 . Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident CKD were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression analyses with weekly working 35-40 hours as the reference. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 4.0 years, 185 participants developed incident CKD (incidence density, 4.83 per 104 person-years). Multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CI) of incident CKD for weekly working >52 hours compared with working 35-40 hours were 1.99 (1.22-3.25). In subgroup analyses, the significant association between working >52 hours and incident CKD was consistently observed in groups of age ≥40 years, men, and obesity with no interaction. CONCLUSIONS Our large-scale cohort study of young- to middle-aged men and women demonstrated a significant association between long working hours and an increased risk of incident CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesung Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental MedicineKangbuk Samsung HospitalSchool of MedicineSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Eunhye Seo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental MedicineKangbuk Samsung HospitalSchool of MedicineSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Eunchan Mun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental MedicineKangbuk Samsung HospitalSchool of MedicineSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Woncheol Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental MedicineKangbuk Samsung HospitalSchool of MedicineSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoulKorea
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Goto E, Ishikawa H, Okuhara T, Ueno H, Okada H, Fujino Y, Kiuchi T. Presenteeism among workers: health-related factors, work-related factors and health literacy. Occup Med (Lond) 2020; 70:564-569. [PMID: 33180107 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqaa168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presenteeism is an important factor in workers' health. However, few studies have examined how variables such as socio-economic status, health status, workplace status and health literacy correlate with and affect presenteeism. AIMS To assess the correlates of presenteeism with a focus on health-related factors, work-related factors and health literacy. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 2914 Japanese workers from one company. We used a self-administered questionnaire to assess socio-demographic characteristics, health status, work environment, presenteeism and health literacy. RESULTS Forty-one per cent of participants were under 40 years of age and 70% were male. We found that 59% of the participants were at high risk of presenteeism. Presenteeism was associated with sex, age, household income, marital status, health-related factors (i.e. self-rated health status, dietary choices, exercise habits), work-related factors (i.e. workplace support, job demands, job control) and health literacy. Logistic regression analyses indicated that presenteeism was associated with self-rated health status, overtime hours, workplace support, job demands, job control and health literacy after adjusting for sex, age and income. CONCLUSIONS Health-related factors, work-related factors and health literacy are all associated with presenteeism. Improving the workplace environment, especially factors such as overtime working hours, workplace support, job demands and job control, and increasing health literacy may reduce presenteeism among general office workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Goto
- Department of Health Communication, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Public Health, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Okuhara
- Department of Health Communication, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Ueno
- Department of Health Communication, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Okada
- Department of Health Communication, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Fujino
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - T Kiuchi
- Department of Health Communication, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Dantas GDSV, Cardoso JP. Factors associated with presenteeism due to work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Rev Bras Med Trab 2020; 18:133-141. [PMID: 33324454 PMCID: PMC7732051 DOI: 10.47626/1679-4435-2020-508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Presenteeism associated to work-related musculoskeletal disorders is an important aspect of occupational health that can reveal important information regarding productivity and quality of life at work. Objective To quantify and evaluate the factors associated to presenteeism due to work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Methods This is a crosssectional study that used data from the Brazilian National Survey of Health of 2013, involving 847 workers diagnosed with workrelated musculoskeletal disorders. Results A multivariate analysis observed an association between presenteeism due to workrelated musculoskeletal disorders and income of a minimum wage or less (prevalence ratio 1.27, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.60), intense physical activity at work (prevalence ratio 1.22, 95% confidence interval 1.08-1.37), and chronic diseases (prevalence ratio 1.23, 95% confidence interval 1.09-1.38). Conclusions Our observations indicated a high incidence of presenteeism, which was associated to sociodemographic and occupational aspects, as well as to the workers’ lifestyle and health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jefferson Paixão Cardoso
- Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde da População (NESP), Departamento de Saúde II, UESB - Jequié (BA), Brazil
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20
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Association between employment status and sickness presenteeism among Korean employees: a cross-sectional study. Ann Occup Environ Med 2020; 32:e17. [PMID: 32676195 PMCID: PMC7332349 DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2020.32.e17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sickness presenteeism (SP) indicates “going to work while being ill.” The importance of SP has only recently been investigated, and the association between SP and employment status has been inconsistent across studies. Therefore, we conducted this study to explore the association between SP and employment status by using presenteeism propensity (PP), which can reflect the individual decision-making process. Methods The study population included employees participating in the 5th Korean Working Condition Survey. We analyzed data of only employees with at least one health event, which was calculated as the sum of SP and sickness absenteeism days. Employment status was grouped into 3 categories: stable employment, unstable employment (contract period ≥ 1 year), and unstable employment (contract period < 1 year). Survey-weighted logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between employment status and PP (dichotomized as “≤ 0.5” and “> 0.5”). Results Unstable employees (contract period ≥ 1 year) had higher odds of PP than stable employees (odds ratio [OR]: 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.47), whereas unstable employees (contract period < 1 year) had lower odds of PP than stable employees (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.71–0.96). Conclusions Employment status was associated with SP. Given the negative health impact of SP, social efforts, such as paid sick leave, are required to reduce SP and enhance the health status of unstable workers.
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CHOI SB, YOON JH, LEE W. The Modified International Standard Classification of Occupations defined by the clustering of occupational characteristics in the Korean Working Conditions Survey. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2020; 58:132-141. [PMID: 31527354 PMCID: PMC7118061 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2018-0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The modified International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) has been used empirically to report or investigate working conditions or worker status. We used principal component analysis and k-means clustering to analyze the working population based on 67 occupational characteristics among 23,060 workers from the fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey in 2014. The three-cluster approach classified workers into major groups 1-4 (managers, professionals, technicians, and clerical support workers), 5-6 (service, sales, agricultural, forestry, and fishery workers), and 7-9 (crafts, trades, machine operators, assemblers, and elementary occupations) based on the ISCO-08. The results of the current study suggest a well-defined clustered occupational classification that can be used to report or investigate workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Beom CHOI
- Biomedical Prediction Technology Laboratory, Korea Institute
of Science and Technology Information, Korea
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection,
Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Korea
| | - Jin-Ha YOON
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College
of Medicine, Korea
| | - Wanhyung LEE
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Gil
Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Korea
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Jung SW, Lee JH, Lee KJ. Assessing the Association Between Emotional Labor and Presenteeism Among Nurses in Korea: Cross-sectional Study Using the 4th Korean Working Conditions Survey. Saf Health Work 2019; 11:103-108. [PMID: 32206380 PMCID: PMC7078561 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Presenteeism has emerged as an important health-related issue and has been studied in a variety of occupation groups. This study examines the relationship between emotional labor and presenteeism in nurses in Republic of Korea. Methods As a cross-sectional study, our study was conducted on 328 female nurses participating in the fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey (2015). Nurses were identified by the Korean Industry Classification Code. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the association between emotional labor and presenteeism. Results Female nurses who always or sometimes hide their emotions in the workplace were found to have a high risk for presenteeism compared with female nurses who rarely hide their emotions in the workplace {odds ratio [OR] = 2.40 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–5.54]; OR = 4.12 [95% CI 1.72–9.84], respectively}. Furthermore, the risk of presenteeism was higher in nurses who sometimes engaged with complaining customers compared with nurses who rarely did so, but it lacked statistical significance. Conclusion Presenteeism in nurses can cause various negative secondary effects; therefore, an alternative should be sought to mediate nurses' emotional labor to prevent presenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Won Jung
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - June-Hee Lee
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Jae Lee
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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The association between quality of direct supervisor's behavior and depressive mood in Korean wage workers: the 4th Korean Working Conditions Survey. Ann Occup Environ Med 2019; 31:e16. [PMID: 31620293 PMCID: PMC6779853 DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2019.31.e16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Workers spend most of their social lives at work and have relationships of varying nature with people in the workplace. Direct supervisors, in particular, have a direct and lasting impact on workers, which may influence workers' mental health. Depression is very prevalent worldwide, and social concern about the disease is on the rise. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of direct supervisors' behavior on the depressive mood of Korean wage workers. Methods We used data from the 4th Korean Working Conditions Survey held in 2014; 22,212 participants were included in the analysis. The quality of a direct supervisor's behavior was categorized from 0 (= lowest) to 5 (= highest) points. The degree of depressive mood was measured on a scale from “normal mood” to “likely depression” based on the 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5) questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the association between the quality of the direct supervisor's behavior and the depressive mood of wage workers. Results After multivariable adjustment, significantly increased odds ratio (OR) for likely depression was found in the 4, 3, 2, 1, and 0 points of the quality of the direct supervisor's behavior compared to 5 points. After stratification for the level of satisfaction with working conditions, the OR of the unsatisfied groups was higher than that of the satisfied groups. Conclusions Likely depression was found to be significantly associated with a low quality of direct supervisor's behavior. This association was stronger in workers who were not satisfied with their working conditions. This study suggests that proper management of the direct supervisor's behavior is needed to reduce the risk of depression among Korean wage workers.
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Jung SW, Lee JH, Lee KJ. Associations Between Activities Outside Work and Presenteeism Among Korean Wage Workers: An Analysis Using a Nationwide Survey. J Prev Med Public Health 2019; 52:292-298. [PMID: 31588698 PMCID: PMC6780289 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.19.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Presenteeism is currently recognized as a significant global health issue that can potentially cause productivity losses. Hence, many studies have analyzed the relationships between workplace factors and presenteeism. However, few studies have considered non-occupational factors. This study examined the associations between presenteeism and activities outside work, including volunteering, self-development, leisure/sports, and gardening and house repair activities, in Korean wage workers. Methods This study analyzed the fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey, in which a total of 19 294 wage workers participated. To identify relationships between presenteeism and activities outside work, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used after adjusting for general and occupational characteristics. Results Self-development and leisure/sports activities significantly increased the odds ratio (OR) of presenteeism (OR, 1.166; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.061 to 1.282 and OR, 1.276; 95% CI, 1.181 to 1.379, respectively). Conclusions Certain activities outside work, such as self-development or leisure/sports, were related to presenteeism among Korean wage workers. Although many previous studies have emphasized the positive effects of those activities on health, this study documented negative effects of these activities outside work on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Won Jung
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - June-Hee Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Jae Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Navarro A, Salas‐Nicás S, Llorens C, Moncada S, Molinero‐Ruíz E, Moriña D. Sickness presenteeism: Are we sure about what we are studying? A research based on a literature review and an empirical illustration. Am J Ind Med 2019; 62:580-589. [PMID: 31074084 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been an increasing interest in studying sickness presenteeism (SP). An ever-increasing amount of scientific literature is published using this term, yet there appears to be considerable heterogeneity in how it is assessed, which could result in substantial differences in the definition and interpretation of the phenomenon really being studied. We aim to discuss what really is being studied, depending on how the phenomenon is operationalized, measured, and analyzed. METHODS A study based on a literature review and an empirical illustration using data of the third Spanish Psychosocial Risks Survey (2016). RESULTS Differences are observed based on the population in which SP is measured, the cut-off points used to define a worker as presenteeist, the reasons for an SP episode and even an analysis of the phenomenon treated as a count or as a dichotomous. CONCLUSIONS Without being completely exclusive, it seems that restricting the population of analysis to only those workers who consider that they should not have gone to work due to their health, and/or establishing low cut-off points to define someone as presenteeist, would more clearly delimit the study of SP to the exercise of a right to sick leave. In contrast, working with the entire population or using high cut-off points appears to relate the study of SP more with health status and less with the exercise of rights. On the other hand, taking the reasons for SP into account would probably help to improve interpretation of the phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Navarro
- Research Group on Psychosocial RisksOrganization of Work and Health (POWAH), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB)Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain
- Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of MedicineAutonomous University of Barcelona (UAB)Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain
| | - Sergio Salas‐Nicás
- Research Group on Psychosocial RisksOrganization of Work and Health (POWAH), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB)Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain
- Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of MedicineAutonomous University of Barcelona (UAB)Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain
| | - Clara Llorens
- Research Group on Psychosocial RisksOrganization of Work and Health (POWAH), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB)Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain
- Union Institute of Work, Environment and Health (ISTAS)Reference Centre on Work Organisation and HealthBarcelona Spain
- Sociology DepartmentFaculty of Sociology and Political Sciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB)Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain
| | - Salvador Moncada
- Union Institute of Work, Environment and Health (ISTAS)Reference Centre on Work Organisation and HealthBarcelona Spain
| | | | - David Moriña
- Departament of MathematicsGraduate School of Mathematics (BGSMath), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB)Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain
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Wong K, Chan AHS, Ngan SC. The Effect of Long Working Hours and Overtime on Occupational Health: A Meta-Analysis of Evidence from 1998 to 2018. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E2102. [PMID: 31200573 PMCID: PMC6617405 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16122102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There has been no subsequent meta-analysis examining the effects of long working hours on health or occupational health since 1997. Therefore, this paper aims to conduct a meta-analysis covering studies after 1997 for a comparison. A total of 243 published records were extracted from electronic databases. The effects were measured by five conditions, namely, physiological health (PH), mental health (MH), health behaviours (HB), related health (RH), and nonspecified health (NH). The overall odds ratio between long working hours and occupational health was 1.245 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.195-1.298). The condition of related health constituted the highest odds ratio value (1.465, 95% CI: 1.332-1.611). The potential moderators were study method, cut-point for long weekly working hours, and country of origin. Long working hours were shown to adversely affect the occupational health of workers. The management on safeguarding the occupational health of workers working long hours should be reinforced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapo Wong
- Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Alan H S Chan
- Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - S C Ngan
- Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Choi S, Yi Y, Kim J. Exposure to Adverse Social Behavior in the Workplace and Sickness Presenteeism among Korean Workers: The Mediating Effects of Musculoskeletal Disorders. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15102198. [PMID: 30304793 PMCID: PMC6209912 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Adverse social behavior (ASB) by colleagues or superiors in the workplace is considered highly stressful for workers in South Korea. The authors investigate the mechanism by which ASB reduces productivity (measured in terms of sickness presenteeism (SP)), by examining the potential mediating role of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). All data are derived from the fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey, which investigated a representative sample of the working population. The authors analyze their general characteristics (age, gender, income, and education), work-related factors (job type, occupational ergonomic risk, job resource, employment contract, work schedule, working hour, and job demand), and health-related factors (self-rated health and MSDs). The authors use a two-step regression analysis to estimate the direct effect of ASB on SP and the indirect effect of SP via MSDs. The authors find that MSDs mediate 16.7% of the total effect of ASB on SP. When employment type and job conditions are considered, the role of the mediating variable in the group with a permanent contract, no shift or night work, and high working time is greater than the counterpart of each variable. Various strategies are needed to address MSDs according to the working environment, which might help limit the negative impact of ASB on SP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sookja Choi
- Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea.
| | - Yunjeong Yi
- Department of Nursing, Kyung-In Women's University, Incheon 21041, Korea.
| | - Jiyun Kim
- School of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea.
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Ryu J, Yoon Y, Kim H, Kang CW, Jung-Choi K. The Change of Self-Rated Health According to Working Hours for Two Years by Gender. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E1984. [PMID: 30208666 PMCID: PMC6164647 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15091984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to confirm the association between working hours and self-rated health, and to find the degree of changes in health level by working hours according to gender. METHODS This study was based on the 929 workers (571 men and 358 women) from the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study during 2004⁻2006. To minimize the healthy worker effects, the study subjects included only those who did not have any chronic diseases, and who answered their health status as "moderate" or above in the baseline. Logistic regression analysis was used to confirm the associations between working hours and self-rated health. RESULTS In men, working hours per week of 47⁻52 h, 53⁻68 h, and >68 h were associated with 1.2, 1.3, and 1.1 times increases, respectively, in the odds ratio on worsened self-rated health, compared with the reference group (40⁻46 h). On the other hand, the risks were 1.0, 2.2, and 2.6 times increases in women. However, the results were different according to gender in the group with less than 40 h. The men with less than 40 h had a 0.9 times odds ratio on worsened self-rated health. For the women with less than 40 h, the odds ratio on self-rated health was 5.4 times higher than the reference group. CONCLUSIONS Working more than 52 h per week had a negative effect on health, regardless of gender. However, in the group with less than 40 h, the negative association between working hours and self-rated health were shown only in women. Health outcomes due to working hours may differ by gender. Therefore, further studies are needed to explore the causes of these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ryu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Korea.
| | - Yeogyeong Yoon
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Korea.
| | - Hyunjoo Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul 07985, Korea.
| | - Chung Won Kang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul 07985, Korea.
| | - Kyunghee Jung-Choi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Korea.
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Mekonnen TH, Tefera MA, Melsew YA. Sick at work: prevalence and determinants among healthcare workers, western Ethiopia: an institution based cross-sectional study. Ann Occup Environ Med 2018; 30:2. [PMID: 29435337 PMCID: PMC5793443 DOI: 10.1186/s40557-018-0213-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Going to work despite feeling sick also known as sickness presenteeism is one of the emerging global occupational health challenges. Sickness presenteeism negatively affects both health of work forces and productivity of organizations in general. However, there is insufficient research exploring this situation in majority of the Sub-Saharan African countries, including Ethiopia. Thus this study intended to investigate the prevalence and determinant factors of sickness presenteeism among health care workers, Western Ethiopia. Methods This study used an institution based cross-sectional quantitative study design. The study period was from February to March, 2017. We employed simple random sampling method to select 360 study samples. Data collection was performed by pre-tested structured and self- administered questionnaire. We used SPSS version 20 to carry out binary logistic regression analysis. Odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals was calculated and significance of associations was determined at p-value < 0.05. Results A total of 344 respondents fully completed the survey questionnaire. Mean age with standard deviation was 30.28 ± 6.181. Prevalence of sickness Presenteeism was 52.6% [95%CI: (47.4, 57.8)] in the past 12 months. Educational status [AOR:2.1, 95%CI: (1.17,3.90)], financial problem [AOR:1.9,95%CI:(1.07,3.46)], sickness absenteeism [AOR:2.7,95% CI:(1.50,5.02)], lack of staff replacement [AOR:2.7,95%CI:(1.50,5.02)], absence of occupational health services [AOR:3.0,95%CI:(1.34,6.70)], and pressure from supervisor [AOR:1.8,95% CI:(1.01,3.31)] were significant predictors of the dependent variable. Conclusion Relatively higher proportions of workers indicated sickness presenteeism as compared to other studies. Risk factors like educational status, personal financial problem, sickness absenteeism, lack of staff replacement, absence of occupational health services, and pressure from supervisors considerably increased the likely occurrence of employees’ sick attendance. It is advisable for health care managers to hire adequate health care staffs, to implement basic occupational health services and to design strategies which reduce pressure from supervisors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesfaye Hambisa Mekonnen
- 1Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mekuriaw Alemayewu Tefera
- 1Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Yayehirad Alemu Melsew
- 2Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Bae YH. Relationships between presenteeism and work-related musculoskeletal disorders among physical therapists in the Republic of Korea. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2017; 24:487-492. [PMID: 29027498 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2017.1392080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between presenteeism and work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among physical therapists (PTs) in the Republic of Korea. Questionnaires were given to 600 PTs in the Republic of Korea. General and occupational characteristics and the prevalence of presenteeism and absenteeism were self-reported on the questionnaire. Stepwise regression analyses were used to evaluate the effects of presenteeism and other variables on general and occupational characteristics. Of the 490 PTs who responded, 399 (81.4%) reported at least one WMSD. There was a low incidence rate of absenteeism, but work impairment scores indicate there was a high incidence of presenteeism. In the stepwise regression analyses, the incidence of WMSDs was highest in cases of presenteeism. The results of this study demonstrate that there is a high incidence rate of WMSDs in Republic of Korean PTs, that WMSDs are related to presenteeism and that PTs demonstrate high presenteeism and low absenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hyeon Bae
- a Daegu Hospital, Korea Worker's Compensation & Welfare Service , Republic of Korea
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Baek K, Yang S, Lee M, Chung I. The Association of Workplace Psychosocial Factors and Musculoskeletal Pain Among Korean Emotional Laborers. Saf Health Work 2017; 9:216-223. [PMID: 29928537 PMCID: PMC6005918 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have reported negative psychological or physical effects of emotional labor. Relationship between work-related musculoskeletal disorder and psychosocial factors has been reported. To manage organizational and psychosocial factors of musculoskeletal disorder with work place intervention among emotional laborers, the factors contributing to musculoskeletal pain must be identified and clarified. Methods Data from the fourth Korean Working Conditions Survey was analyzed. Based on the questionnaire, we selected emotional laborers and included 3,979 participants, excluding participants whose variables were of interest to the researcher. Weight variable was applied. The association with musculoskeletal pain and psychosocial factors, such as workload, monotonous work, job control, social support, and job satisfaction, was investigated. Results Univariate analysis demonstrated that there was a statistically significant relationship between social support, job satisfaction, and musculoskeletal pain. In multivariate analysis, job satisfaction showed a strong correlation with musculoskeletal pain at all sites. Social support was significantly associated with backache. Monotonous work seemed to reduce the pain in the neck and/or upper limbs. Job control and work intensity were not significantly associated with musculoskeletal pain. Conclusion In this study, job satisfaction was significantly associated with musculoskeletal pain, and social support among the social psychological stressors could reduce musculoskeletal pain. However, unlike previously known, the presence of monotonous work resulted in reduced musculoskeletal pain. The results of this study will help to establish the direction of improvement of atmosphere in the workplace to prevent the musculoskeletal pain of emotional laborers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiook Baek
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonhee Yang
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoung Lee
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Insung Chung
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Mateen BA, Doogan C, Hayward K, Hourihan S, Hurford J, Playford ED. The sink or SWIM hypothesis; a roadmap from pathology to work instability. Disabil Rehabil 2017. [PMID: 28637156 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1280695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Selecting the most appropriate health-related work outcome to evaluate an intervention can be fraught with difficulty. To aid clinicians in navigating this problem we have developed a model, which illustrates how pathology can affect specific measureable quantities, such as work instability. METHODS Using a modified-Delphi procedure, a panel of experts met initially to analyze the content of 95 health-related work outcome measures and organize the identified areas of measurement into a coherent model, complemented by a narrative review of the literature. This initial model underwent two rounds of stakeholder-based feedback, the results of which were incorporated in the final expert panel meeting to produce the States-traits Work Instability Model (SWIM). RESULTS The States-traits Work Instability Model (SWIM) illustrates how changes to an individual's physical and psychological states and traits might affect their work-related performance, well-being and self-efficacy. Moreover, each concept utilized in the model was specifically selected as it represents a measurable quantity, for which there are tools available. CONCLUSION The SWIM is arguably the first holistic model of work that is based on both the clinical realities of vocational rehabilitation, sociological research, and is born from analyzing the basis of practical measurements. Implications for Rehabilitation Work Instability • Work instability has multiple causes many of which are amenable to intervention • The model clarifies the measureable domains of vocational rehabilitation interventions, which is of particular benefit for services working with people with disability at work who are struggling to remain in work • The model conceptualizes how the potential areas for intervention may be related based on evidence available in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Catherine Doogan
- b Therapy and Rehabilitation Services , National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery , London , UK
| | - Kate Hayward
- b Therapy and Rehabilitation Services , National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery , London , UK
| | - Susan Hourihan
- b Therapy and Rehabilitation Services , National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery , London , UK
| | - Joanne Hurford
- b Therapy and Rehabilitation Services , National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery , London , UK
| | - E Diane Playford
- c Warwick Medical School , University of Warwick , Coventry , UK
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Saijo Y, Yoshioka E, Nakagi Y, Kawanishi Y, Hanley SJB, Yoshida T. Social support and its interrelationships with demand-control model factors on presenteeism and absenteeism in Japanese civil servants. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2017; 90:539-553. [PMID: 28357607 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-017-1218-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To elucidate the impact of social support and its interrelations with other demand-control-support (DCS) model factors on presenteeism and absenteeism, and to determine which DCS factors were most influential. METHODS Questionnaires from 2535 local government employees were analyzed. The Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ) was used to assess DCS factors including job demand, job control, and social support from supervisors and coworkers. The Stanford Presenteeism Scale 13-item version (SPS-13) was used to evaluate both absenteeism (absent days) and presenteeism. For the latter, the Work Impairment Score (WIS) and the Work Output Score (WOS) were also used. Possible confounder-adjusted logistic and negative binomial regression analyses were performed to obtain odds ratios (ORs) for WIS and WOS and relative risks (RRs) for absenteeism according to DCS factors. RESULTS Higher job control had a significantly protective effect on higher WIS in both males and females and a lower WOS in males. Based on a point estimate of an OR per 1 standard deviation change of each DCS factor, job control had the strongest effect on higher WIS in both males and females and a lower WOS in males. Higher job demand resulted in significantly higher ORs for both male and female WIS, and a lower WOS in females. Support from supervisors had a significantly protective effect on higher WIS in females and a lower WOS in males. Support from coworkers had a significantly protective effect on higher WIS in males. Higher support from coworkers had a significantly protective effect on absenteeism among both males and females, and higher job control had a significantly protective effect in females. The combination of high job strain and low support from supervisors had a significantly worsening effect, except for absenteeism in females. High job strain and low support from coworkers had a significantly worsening effect except for WOS in males. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest job control was the DCS factor most related to presenteeism. Higher support from supervisors and coworkers had a protective effect on presenteeism, and higher job demand had a worsening effect. Higher support from coworkers had a protective effect on absenteeism among both males and females. Interventions should focus on improving job control as a possible countermeasure to presenteeism, and encouraging support from coworkers as a possible countermeasure to absenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Saijo
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan.
| | - Eiji Yoshioka
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Nakagi
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kawanishi
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan
| | - Sharon J B Hanley
- Department of Women's Health Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takahiko Yoshida
- Department of Health Science, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510, Japan
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Lee J, Kim I, Roh S. Descriptive study of claims for occupational mental disorders or suicide. Ann Occup Environ Med 2016; 28:61. [PMID: 27777785 PMCID: PMC5072321 DOI: 10.1186/s40557-016-0147-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to identify the characteristics of claimed mental disorders. Because the workers believed the cause of the mental disorders was work-related stress or a specific event, we could identify the major work-related stressor for claimed cases. Methods We included claimed cases of occupational mental disorder or suicide reported during 2010–2014 to the Korea Workers Compensation and Welfare Service (KCOMWEL), established by Industrial Accidents Insurance (IACI) Act. We conducted qualitative analysis using a form specifically developed for this study as well as a quantitative analysis. Results Of the 569 claimed cases, 142 cases were recognized as occupational mental disorder or suicide. The approval rate was 24.9 %. Suicide was the most commonly approved mental disorder (23.0 %), followed by major depressive disorder (14.9 %). Regarding profession, 109 workers were managers, and 95 workers were office clerks. The main work-related stressors of the approved cases were acute stressful events (76 cases), long working hours (12 cases), and changes in workload (6 cases). The primary stressful events were work-related legal problems, workplace violence, and employment status-related issues. Conclusion Claims due to mental disorders or suicide increased during the 5-year study period, and the approval rate was approximately 33 %, and the main stressor of the claimed cases was an acute stressful event such as physiologic trauma, employment-related issues, fear of legal or financial responsibility, abrupt change in organizational responsibility, or workplace violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihoon Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University Medical Center, 222-1, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763 Korea
| | - Inah Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763 Korea
| | - Sooyong Roh
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Hanyang University Medical Center, 222-1, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763 Korea
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Park JW, Park JS, Kim S, Park M, Choi H, Lim S. The association between long working hours and hearing impairment in noise unexposed workers: data from the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2010-2012). Ann Occup Environ Med 2016; 28:55. [PMID: 27761267 PMCID: PMC5054599 DOI: 10.1186/s40557-016-0140-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study is aimed at finding out the relationship between long working hours, one of major job stress elements, and hearing impairment in unexposed workers to occupational and environmental noise. METHODS This study was performed on 1628 regular, full-time wage workers between the age of 25-64 who indicated in the survey of having no experience of exposure to noise, normal otoscopic findings, and not suffering from diabetes based on the data from the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2010-2012). The average working hours per week was categorized into 40 h and lower group, more than 40 to 48 h group, more than 48 to 60 h group, and more than 60 h group. The groups were defined as suffering from low or high frequencies hearing impairment if the average hearing threshold for 0.5, 1, 2 kHz or 3, 4, 6 kHz in both ears exceeds 25 dB based on the pure tone audiometry. The association between average weekly working hours and hearing impairment was analyzed using logistic regression after gender stratification. RESULTS The prevalences of low and high frequencies hearing impairment in male workers were 4.3 and 28.6 %, respectively, which were much higher than female's prevalence of 2.7 and 11.1 %. For male workers, no significant association was found between average weekly working hours and low and high frequencies hearing impairment. For female workers, odds ratios (OR) of low and high frequencies hearing impairment were 4.22 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.09-16.27) and 4.49 (95 % CI 1.73-11.67), respectively, after controlling for several related factors, such as, age, Body Mass Index (BMI), socio-economic status, health-related behavioral, and occupational characteristics variables, in the final model in the group working more than 60 h compared to the group working 40 h and lower. In addition, a dose-response relationship was observed that ORs of low and high frequencies hearing impairment were increased according to increasing average weekly working hours. CONCLUSIONS The association between long working hours and hearing impairment in both low and high frequencies was significant in Korean female workers with a dose-response relationship. Therefore, the law to change the culture of long working hours should be enacted in order to protect the workers' health and improve the quality of life in Korean workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Woo Park
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Park
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seyoung Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minkyu Park
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunrim Choi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea ; Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sinye Lim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea ; Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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Gilworth G, Smyth MG, Smith J, Tennant A. The Manual Work Instability Scale: development and validation. Occup Med (Lond) 2016; 66:300-4. [PMID: 26747888 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqv217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing awareness of the burden of absenteeism and reduced performance at work highlights the importance of early identification of individuals experiencing work instability (WI), a mismatch between functional and cognitive abilities and job demands. AIMS To develop and validate a screening questionnaire to measure WI in manual workers. METHODS Questionnaire items were generated via qualitative interviews with manual workers and a draft survey instrument was completed by workers in a variety of fields. Rasch analysis was used interactively to assess the psychometric aspects of the emerging scale, including unidimensionality and absence of item bias (differential item functioning). RESULTS A total of 17 qualitative interviews generated 110 potential items for the questionnaire. The item set resolved to a 25-item scale, which satisfied model expectations (item residual mean = -0.13, SD = 1.04; person residual mean = -0.29, SD = 0.75), had good reliability (alpha = 0.86) and strict unidimensionality (t-test 7.5% confidence interval 3.8-11.2). CONCLUSIONS The Manual Work Instability Scale is a short psychometrically robust questionnaire based on the concept of WI, which incorporates both musculoskeletal symptoms and relevant psychosocial factors. It may prove effective in screening and identifying WI in workers in predominantly physical occupations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gilworth
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Leeds, D Floor, Martin Wing, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Gt. George Street, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS1 3EX, UK
| | - M G Smyth
- Work Fit Occupational Physiotherapy and Ergonomics Services Ltd., 38 Newlay Lane, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS18 4LE, UK
| | - J Smith
- Work Fit Occupational Physiotherapy and Ergonomics Services Ltd., 38 Newlay Lane, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS18 4LE, UK
| | - A Tennant
- Schweizer Paraplegiker-Forschung AG, Guido A. Zäch Strasse 4, 6207 Nottwil, Switzerland.
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Yang T, Shen YM, Zhu M, Liu Y, Deng J, Chen Q, See LC. Effects of Co-Worker and Supervisor Support on Job Stress and Presenteeism in an Aging Workforce: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 13:ijerph13010072. [PMID: 26703705 PMCID: PMC4730463 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We examined the effects of co-worker and supervisor support on job stress and presenteeism in an aging workforce. Structural equation modelling was used to evaluate data from the 2010 wave of the Health and Retirement Survey in the United States (n = 1649). The level of presenteeism was low and the level of job stress was moderate among aging US workers. SEM revealed that co-worker support and supervisor support were strongly correlated (β = 0.67; p < 0.001). Job stress had a significant direct positive effect on presenteeism (β = 0.30; p < 0.001). Co-worker support had a significant direct negative effect on job stress (β = -0.10; p < 0.001) and presenteeism (β = -0.11; p < 0.001). Supervisor support had a significant direct negative effect on job stress (β = -0.40; p < 0.001) but not presenteeism. The findings suggest that presenteeism is reduced by increased respect and concern for employee stress at the workplace, by necessary support at work from colleagues and employers, and by the presence of comfortable interpersonal relationships among colleagues and between employers and employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianan Yang
- Department of Organization and Human Resource Management, School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yu-Ming Shen
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich 81377, Germany.
| | - Mingjing Zhu
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Yuanling Liu
- Human Resources Department, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511442, China.
| | - Jianwei Deng
- Department of Public Administration, School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Qian Chen
- Medical Affair Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100032, China.
| | - Lai-Chu See
- Department of Public Health, Medical College, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
- Biostatistics Core Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
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Buchvold HV, Pallesen S, Øyane NMF, Bjorvatn B. Associations between night work and BMI, alcohol, smoking, caffeine and exercise--a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:1112. [PMID: 26558686 PMCID: PMC4642677 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Shift work is associated with negative health effects. Increased prevalence of several cardiovascular risk factors among shift workers/night workers compared with day workers have been shown resulting in increased risk of cardiovascular events among shift workers and night workers. Previous studies have taken a dichotomous approach to the comparison between day and night workers. The present study uses a continuous approach and provides such a new perspective to the negative effects of night work load as a possible risk factor for undesirable health effects. Methods This cross sectional study (The SUrvey of Shift work, Sleep and Health (SUSSH)) uses data collected from December 2008 to March 2009. The study population consists of Norwegian nurses. The study collected information about demographic and lifestyle factors: Body Mass Index (BMI), smoking habits, alcohol consumption, caffeine consumption and exercise habits. The lifestyle parameters were evaluated using multiple hierarchical regression and binary logistic regression. Number of night shifts worked last year (NNL) was used as operationalization of night work load. Adjustment for possible confounders were made. Obesity was defined as BMI > 30. Alcohol Consumption was evaluated using the short form of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Consumption (AUDIT-C). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Results We had data from 2059 nurses. NNL was significantly and positively associated with BMI, both when evaluated against BMI as a continuous parameter (Beta = .055, p < .05), and against obesity (OR = 1.01, 95 % CI = 1.00-1.01). The AUDIT-C score was significantly and positively associated with hours worked per week (OR = 1.03, 95 % CI = 1.01-1.05). Conclusions We found a positive significant association between night work load and BMI. This suggests that workers with a heavy night work load might need special attention and frequent health checks due to higher risk of undesirable health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hogne Vikanes Buchvold
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ståle Pallesen
- Norwegian Competence Center for Sleep Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. .,Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Nicolas M F Øyane
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Bjørn Bjorvatn
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. .,Norwegian Competence Center for Sleep Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
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Umann J, Guido LDA, Silva RMD. [Stress, coping and presenteeism in nurses assisting critical and potentially critical patients]. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2015; 48:891-8. [PMID: 25493494 DOI: 10.1590/s0080-6234201400005000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to verify the associations between stress, Coping and Presenteeism in nurses operating on direct assistance to critical and potentially critical patients. METHOD this is a descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study, conducted between March and April 2010 with 129 hospital nurses. The Inventory of stress in nurses, Occupational and Coping Questionnaire Range of Limitations at Work were used. For the analysis, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, correlation coefficient of Pearson and Spearman, Chi-square and T-test were applied. RESULTS it was observed that 66.7% of the nurses showed low stress, 87.6% use control strategies for coping stress and 4.84% had decrease in productivity. Direct and meaningful relationships between stress and lost productivity were found. CONCLUSION stress interferes with the daily life of nurses and impacts on productivity. Although the inability to test associations, the control strategy can minimize the stress, which consequently contributes to better productivity of nurses in the care of critical patients and potentially critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Umann
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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