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Kusumawati N, Sumarlan SH, Zubaidah E, Wardani AK. Isolation of xylose-utilizing yeasts from oil palm waste for xylitol and ethanol production. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2023; 10:71. [PMID: 38647966 PMCID: PMC10992423 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-023-00691-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The energy crisis triggers the use of energy sources that are renewable, such as biomass made from lignocellulosic materials, to produce various chemical compounds for food ingredients and biofuel. The efficient conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into products with added value involves the activity of microorganisms, such as yeasts. For the conversion, microorganisms must be able to use various sugars in lignocellulosic biomass, including pentose sugars, especially xylose. This study aims to isolate xylose-utilizing yeasts and analyze their fermentation activity to produce xylitol and ethanol, as well as their ability to grow in liquid hydrolysate produced from pretreated lignocellulosic biomass. Nineteen yeast isolates could grow on solid and liquid media using solely xylose as a carbon source. All isolates can grow in a xylose medium with incubation at 30 °C, 37 °C, 42 °C, and 45 °C. Six isolates, namely SLI (1), SL3, SL6, SL7, R5, and OPT4B, were chosen based on their considerable growth and high xylose consumption rate in a medium with 50 g/L xylose with incubation at 30 °C for 48 h. Four isolates tested, namely SLI (1), SL6, SL7, and R5, can produce xylitol in media containing xylose carbon sources. The concentration of xylitol produced was determined using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the results ranged from 5.0 to 6.0 g/L. Five isolates tested, namely SLI (1), SL6, SL3, R5, and OPT4B, can produce ethanol. The ethanol content produced was determined using gas chromatography (GC), with concentrations ranging from 0.85 to 1.34 g/L. Three isolates, namely SL1(1), R5, and SL6, were able to produce xylitol and ethanol from xylose as carbon sources and were also able to grow on liquid hydrolyzate from pretreated oil palm trunk waste with the subcritical water method. The three isolates were further analyzed using the 18S rDNA sequence to identify the species and confirm their phylogenetic position. Identification based on DNA sequence analysis revealed that isolates SL1(1) and R5 were Pichia kudriavzevii, while isolate SL6 was Candida xylopsoci. The yeast strains isolated from this study could potentially be used for the bioconversion process of lignocellulosic biomass waste to produce value-added derivative products.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kusumawati
- Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya, Jl. Dinoyo 42-44, Surabaya, 60625, Indonesia
| | - S H Sumarlan
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
| | - E Zubaidah
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
| | - A K Wardani
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang, 65145, Indonesia.
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Arora S, Gupta N, Singh V. pH-Controlled Efficient Conversion of Hemicellulose to Furfural Using Choline-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents as Catalysts. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:3953-3958. [PMID: 34324272 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202101130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The valorization of hemicellulose isolated from lignocellulosic biomass (wheat straw, rice husk, and bagasse) to furfural was achieved by pH-controlled acid catalysis using choline-based Brønsted acidic (BA) and natural acidic (NA) deep eutectic solvents (DES) serving both as catalyst and solvent. The effect of pH variation on the catalytic activity of various BADES and NADES prepared in 1 : 1 molar ratio was observed, and choline chloride/p-toluene sulfonic acid (ChCl/p-TSA) was found to be the best with lower pH value of 1.0. The yield of furfural decreased from 85 to 51 % with increase in pH from 1.0 to 3.0. The molar ratio of hydrogen bond donor to acceptor components was varied from 1 : 1 to 1 : 9 to achieve the lowest possible pH values of the DESs and to increase the furfural yield. Further optimization of reaction conditions was also done in terms of DES loading, time of reaction, and temperature using the model DES to achieve higher furfural yield. The best results were obtained using 5 mmol DES at pH 1.0 in 1.5 h at 120 °C. ChCl/p-TSA and ChCl/oxalic acid among BADES and ChCl/levulinic acid among NADES investigated in this work yielding 85 % furfural were found to be most efficient. The reported methodology is advantageous in terms of using bio-based green solvents, mild reaction conditions, and efficient scale-up of the reaction. The DESs were found to be efficiently recyclable up to five consecutive runs for the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Arora
- Department of Applied Sciences, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed to be University) Sector-12, Chandigarh
| | - Neeraj Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala, H.P, India
| | - Vasundhara Singh
- Department of Applied Sciences, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed to be University) Sector-12, Chandigarh
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Leonel LV, Arruda PV, Chandel AK, Felipe MGA, Sene L. Kluyveromyces marxianus: a potential biocatalyst of renewable chemicals and lignocellulosic ethanol production. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 41:1131-1152. [PMID: 33938342 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1917505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Kluyveromyces marxianus is an ascomycetous yeast which has shown promising results in cellulosic ethanol and renewable chemicals production. It can survive on a variety of carbon sources under industrially favorable conditions due to its fast growth rate, thermotolerance, and acid tolerance. K. marxianus, is generally regarded as a safe (GRAS) microorganism, is widely recognized as a powerhouse for the production of heterologous proteins and is accepted by the US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) for its pharmaceutical and food applications. Since lignocellulosic hydrolysates are comprised of diverse monomeric sugars, oligosaccharides and potential metabolism inhibiting compounds, this microorganism can play a pivotal role as it can grow on lignocellulosic hydrolysates coping with vegetal cell wall derived inhibitors. Furthermore, advancements in synthetic biology, for example CRISPR-Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats with Cas9)-mediated genome editing, will enable development of an engineered yeast for the production of biochemicals and biopharmaceuticals having a myriad of industrial applications. Genetic engineering companies such as Cargill, Ginkgo Bioworks, DuPont, Global Yeast, Genomatica, and several others are actively working to develop designer yeasts. Given the important traits and properties of K. marxianus, these companies may find it to be a suitable biocatalyst for renewable chemicals and fuel production on the large scale. This paper reviews the recent progress made with K. marxianus biotechnology for sustainable production of ethanol, and other products utilizing lignocellulosic sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Leonel
- Center of Exact and Technological Sciences - CCET, State University of West Paraná, Cascavel, Brazil
| | - P V Arruda
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology - COEBB/TD, Federal University of Technology - Paraná (UTFPR), Toledo, Brazil
| | - A K Chandel
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering of Lorena - EEL, University of São Paulo, Lorena, Brazil
| | - M G A Felipe
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering of Lorena - EEL, University of São Paulo, Lorena, Brazil
| | - L Sene
- Center of Exact and Technological Sciences - CCET, State University of West Paraná, Cascavel, Brazil
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Miyamoto RY, José AHM, Lopes MM, Rodrigues RC. Effectiveness of Baffled Flasks on the Growth of Scheffersomyces stipitis CBS 6054 Inoculum for Ethanol Production in Corncob Hemicellulosic Hydrolysate. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2020. [DOI: 10.1089/ind.2020.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Renan Y. Miyamoto
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil
- Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alvaro H. M. José
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milena M. Lopes
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita C.L.B. Rodrigues
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil
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Biswas R, Teller PJ, Khan MU, Ahring BK. Sugar Production from Hybrid Poplar Sawdust: Optimization of Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Wet Explosion Pretreatment. Molecules 2020; 25:E3396. [PMID: 32727071 PMCID: PMC7436106 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Wet explosion pretreatment of hybrid poplar sawdust (PSD) for the production of fermentable sugar was carried out in the pilot-scale. The effects of pretreatment conditions, such as temperature (170-190 °C), oxygen dosage (0.5-7.5% of dry matter (DM), w/w), residence time (10-30 min), on cellulose and hemicellulose digestibility after enzymatic hydrolysis were ascertained with a central composite design of the experiment. Further, enzymatic hydrolysis was optimized in terms of temperature, pH, and a mixture of CTec2 and HTec2 enzymes (Novozymes). Predictive modeling showed that cellulose and hemicellulose digestibility of 75.1% and 83.1%, respectively, could be achieved with a pretreatment at 177 °C with 7.5% O2 and a retention time of 30 min. An increased cellulose digestibility of 87.1% ± 0.1 could be achieved by pretreating at 190 °C; however, the hemicellulose yield would be significantly reduced. It was evident that more severe conditions were required for maximal cellulose digestibility than that of hemicellulose digestibility and that an optimal sugar yield demanded a set of conditions, which overall resulted in the maximum sugar yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Biswas
- Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University, Tri-Cities, 2710, Crimson Way, Richland, WA 99354, USA; (R.B.); (P.J.T.); (M.U.K.)
| | - Philip J. Teller
- Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University, Tri-Cities, 2710, Crimson Way, Richland, WA 99354, USA; (R.B.); (P.J.T.); (M.U.K.)
| | - Muhammad U. Khan
- Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University, Tri-Cities, 2710, Crimson Way, Richland, WA 99354, USA; (R.B.); (P.J.T.); (M.U.K.)
- Biological Systems Engineering, L.J. Smith Hall, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Birgitte K. Ahring
- Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University, Tri-Cities, 2710, Crimson Way, Richland, WA 99354, USA; (R.B.); (P.J.T.); (M.U.K.)
- Biological Systems Engineering, L.J. Smith Hall, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA
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Parajuli R, Knudsen MT, Birkved M, Djomo SN, Corona A, Dalgaard T. Environmental impacts of producing bioethanol and biobased lactic acid from standalone and integrated biorefineries using a consequential and an attributional life cycle assessment approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 598:497-512. [PMID: 28448939 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates the environmental impacts of biorefinery products using consequential (CLCA) and attributional (ALCA) life cycle assessment (LCA) approaches. Within ALCA, economic allocation method was used to distribute impacts among the main products and the coproducts, whereas within the CLCA system expansion was adopted to avoid allocation. The study seeks to answer the questions (i) what is the environmental impacts of process integration?, and (ii) do CLCA and ALCA lead to different conclusions when applied to biorefinery?. Three biorefinery systems were evaluated and compared: a standalone system producing bioethanol from winter wheat-straw (system A), a standalone system producing biobased lactic acid from alfalfa (system B), and an integrated biorefinery system (system C) combining the two standalone systems and producing both bioethanol and lactic acid. The synergy of the integration was the exchange of useful energy necessary for biomass processing in the two standalone systems. The systems were compared against a common reference flow: "1MJEtOH+1kgLA", which was set on the basis of products delivered by the system C. Function of the reference flow was to provide service of both fuel (bioethanol) at 99.9% concentration (wt. basis) and biochemical (biobased lactic acid) in food industries at 90% purity; both products delivered at biorefinery gate. The environmental impacts of interest were global warming potential (GWP100), eutrophication potential (EP), non-renewable energy (NRE) use and the agricultural land occupation (ALO). Regardless of the LCA approach adopted, system C performed better in most of the impact categories than both standalone systems. The process wise contribution to the obtained environmental impacts also showed similar impact pattern in both approaches. The study also highlighted that the recirculation of intermediate materials, e.g. C5 sugar to boost bioethanol yield and that the use of residual streams in the energy conversion were beneficial for optimizing the system performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Parajuli
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark.
| | | | - Morten Birkved
- Department of Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 424, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Andrea Corona
- Department of Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 424, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tommy Dalgaard
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
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Dasgupta D, Ghosh D, Bandhu S, Adhikari DK. Lignocellulosic sugar management for xylitol and ethanol fermentation with multiple cell recycling by Kluyveromyces marxianus IIPE453. Microbiol Res 2017; 200:64-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Production, Partial Purification and Characterization of Enzyme Cocktail from Trichoderma citrinoviride AUKAR04 Through Solid-State Fermentation. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-016-2110-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Lee OK, Oh YK, Lee EY. Bioethanol production from carbohydrate-enriched residual biomass obtained after lipid extraction of Chlorella sp. KR-1. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015. [PMID: 26218538 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The residual biomass of Chlorella sp. KR-1 obtained after lipid extraction was used for saccharification and bioethanol production. The carbohydrate was saccharified using simple enzymatic and chemical methods using Pectinex at pH 5.5 and 45°C and 0.3N HCl at 121°C for 15min with 76.9% and 98.2% yield, respectively, without any pretreatment. The residual biomass contained 49.7% carbohydrate consisting of 82.4% fermentable sugar and 17.6% non-fermentable sugar, which is valuable for bioethanol fermentation. Approximately 98.2% of the total carbohydrate was converted into monosaccharide (fermentable+non-fermentable sugar) using dilute acid saccharification. The fermentable sugar was subsequently fermented to bioethanol through separate hydrolysis and fermentation with a fermentation yield of 79.3%. Overall, 0.4g ethanol/g fermentable sugar and 0.16g ethanol/g residual biomass were produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ok Kyung Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Kwan Oh
- Clean Fuel Department, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Republic of Korea.
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Biswas R, Teller PJ, Ahring BK. Pretreatment of forest residues of Douglas fir by wet explosion for enhanced enzymatic saccharification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 192:46-53. [PMID: 26011690 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The logging and lumbering industry in the Pacific Northwest region generates huge amount of forest residues, offering an inexpensive raw material for biorefineries. Wet explosion (WEx) pretreatment was applied to the recalcitrant biomass to optimize process conditions including temperature (170-190 °C), time (10-30 min), and oxygen loading (0.5-7.5% of DM) through an experimental design. Optimal pH for enzymatic hydrolysis of the optimized samples and a complete mass balance have been evaluated. Results indicated that cellulose digestibility improved in all conditions tested with maximum digestibility achieved at 190 °C, time 30 min, and oxygen loading of 7.5%. Glucose yield at optimal pH of 5.5 was 63.3% with an excellent recovery of cellulose and lignin of 99.9% and 96.3%, respectively. Hemicellulose sugars recovery for xylose and mannose was found to be 69.2% and 76.0%, respectively, indicating that WEx is capable of producing relative high sugar yield even from the recalcitrant forest residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Biswas
- Bioproducts, Sciences & Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, WA 99354-1671, USA
| | - Philip J Teller
- Bioproducts, Sciences & Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, WA 99354-1671, USA
| | - Birgitte K Ahring
- Bioproducts, Sciences & Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, WA 99354-1671, USA.
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Ahring BK, Biswas R, Ahamed A, Teller PJ, Uellendahl H. Making lignin accessible for anaerobic digestion by wet-explosion pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 175:182-188. [PMID: 25459820 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is a major part of the recalcitrant fraction of lignocellulose and in nature its degradation occurs through oxidative enzymes along with microbes mediated oxidative chemical actions. Oxygen assisted wet-explosion pretreatment promotes lignin solubility and leads to an increase biodegradation of lignin during anaerobic digestion processes. The pretreatment of feedlot manure was performed in a 10L reactor at 170°C for 25min using 4bars oxygen and the material was fed to a continuous stirred tank reactor operated at 55°C for anaerobic digestion. Methane yield of untreated and pretreated material was 70±27 and 320±36L/kg-VS/Day, respectively, or 4.5 times higher yield as a result of the pretreatment. Aliphatic acids formed during the pretreatment were utilized by microbes. 44.4% lignin in pretreated material was actually converted in the anaerobic digestion process compared to 12.6% for untreated material indicating the oxygen assisted explosion promoted lignin degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgitte K Ahring
- Bioproducts, Sciences & Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Washington State University, USA.
| | - Rajib Biswas
- Bioproducts, Sciences & Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Washington State University, USA
| | - Aftab Ahamed
- Bioproducts, Sciences & Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Washington State University, USA
| | - Philip J Teller
- Bioproducts, Sciences & Engineering Laboratory (BSEL), Washington State University, USA
| | - Hinrich Uellendahl
- Section for Sustainable Biotechnology, Aalborg University Copenhagen, Denmark
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