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Salnikova DI, Nikiforov NG, Postnov AY, Orekhov AN. Target Role of Monocytes as Key Cells of Innate Immunity in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Diseases 2024; 12:81. [PMID: 38785736 PMCID: PMC11119903 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12050081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, and inflammatory autoimmune condition characterized by synovitis, pannus formation (with adjacent bone erosion), and joint destruction. In the perpetuation of RA, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs), macrophages, B cells, and CD4+ T-cells-specifically Th1 and Th17 cells-play crucial roles. Additionally, dendritic cells, neutrophils, mast cells, and monocytes contribute to the disease progression. Monocytes, circulating cells primarily derived from the bone marrow, participate in RA pathogenesis. Notably, CCR2 interacts with CCL2, and CX3CR1 (expressed by monocytes) cooperates with CX3CL1 (produced by FLSs), facilitating the migration involved in RA. Canonical "classical" monocytes predominantly acquire the phenotype of an "intermediate" subset, which differentially expresses proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF) and surface markers (CD14, CD16, HLA-DR, TLRs, and β1- and β2-integrins). However, classical monocytes have greater potential to differentiate into osteoclasts, which contribute to bone resorption in the inflammatory milieu; in RA, Th17 cells stimulate FLSs to produce RANKL, triggering osteoclastogenesis. This review aims to explore the monocyte heterogeneity, plasticity, antigenic expression, and their differentiation into macrophages and osteoclasts. Additionally, we investigate the monocyte migration into the synovium and the role of their cytokines in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana I. Salnikova
- Laboratory of Oncoproteomics, Department of Experimental Tumor Biology, Institute of Carcinogenesis, Blokhin N.N. National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoe Highway, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikita G. Nikiforov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, The Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiyskaya Street, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (N.G.N.); (A.N.O.)
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, 3 Tsyurupa Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia;
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilova Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton Y. Postnov
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, 3 Tsyurupa Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, The Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiyskaya Street, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (N.G.N.); (A.N.O.)
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery”, 3 Tsyurupa Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia;
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Osennyaya Street 4-1-207, 121609 Moscow, Russia
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Littlefield KM, Watson RO, Schneider JM, Neff CP, Yamada E, Zhang M, Campbell TB, Falta MT, Jolley SE, Fontenot AP, Palmer BE. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells associate with inflammation and reduced lung function in pulmonary post-acute sequalae of SARS-CoV-2. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010359. [PMID: 35617421 PMCID: PMC9176759 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
As of January 2022, at least 60 million individuals are estimated to develop post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). While elevated levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells have been observed in non-specific PASC, little is known about their impact on pulmonary function which is compromised in the majority of these individuals. This study compares frequencies of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells and inflammatory markers with lung function in participants with pulmonary PASC and resolved COVID-19 (RC). Compared to RC, participants with respiratory PASC had between 6- and 105-fold higher frequencies of IFN-γ- and TNF-α-producing SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood, and elevated levels of plasma CRP and IL-6. Importantly, in PASC participants the frequency of TNF-α-producing SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, which exhibited the highest levels of Ki67 indicating they were activity dividing, correlated positively with plasma IL-6 and negatively with measures of lung function, including forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), while increased frequencies of IFN-γ-producing SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells associated with prolonged dyspnea. Statistical analyses stratified by age, number of comorbidities and hospitalization status demonstrated that none of these factors affect differences in the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 T cells and plasma IL-6 levels measured between PASC and RC cohorts. Taken together, these findings demonstrate elevated frequencies of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in individuals with pulmonary PASC are associated with increased systemic inflammation and decreased lung function, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells contribute to lingering pulmonary symptoms. These findings also provide mechanistic insight on the pathophysiology of PASC that can inform development of potential treatments to reduce symptom burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M. Littlefield
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Renée O. Watson
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Jennifer M. Schneider
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Charles P. Neff
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Eiko Yamada
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Thomas B. Campbell
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Michael T. Falta
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Sarah E. Jolley
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Andrew P. Fontenot
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Brent E. Palmer
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
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Stanojević S, Blagojević V, Ćuruvija I, Vujić V. Lactobacillus rhamnosus Affects Rat Peritoneal Cavity Cell Response to Stimulation with Gut Microbiota: Focus on the Host Innate Immunity. Inflammation 2021; 44:2429-2447. [PMID: 34505975 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01513-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota contribute to shaping the immune repertoire of the host, whereas probiotics may exert beneficial effects by modulating immune responses. Having in mind the differences in both the composition of gut microbiota and the immune response between rats of Albino Oxford (AO) and Dark Agouti (DA) rat strains, we investigated if intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of live Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LB) may influence peritoneal cavity cell response to in vitro treatments with selected microbiota in the rat strain-dependent manner. Peritoneal cavity cells from AO and DA rats were lavaged two (d2) and seven days (d7) following i.p. injection with LB and tested for NO, urea, and H2O2 release basally, or upon in vitro stimulation with autologous E.coli and Enterococcus spp. Whereas the single i.p. injection of LB nearly depleted resident macrophages and increased the proportion of small inflammatory macrophages and monocytes on d2 in both rat strains, greater proportion of MHCIIhiCD163- and CCR7+ cells and increased NO/diminished H2O2 release in DA compared with AO rats suggest a more intense inflammatory priming by LB in this rat strain. Even though E.coli- and/or Enterococcus spp.-induced rise in H2O2 release in vitro was abrogated by LB in cells from both rat strains, LB prevented microbiota-induced increase in NO/urea ratio only in cells from AO and augmented it in cells from DA rats. Thus, the immunomodulatory properties may not be constant for particular probiotic bacteria, but shaped by innate immunity of the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislava Stanojević
- Immunology Research Centre "Branislav Janković, Institute of Virology, Vaccines and Sera "Torlak, Belgrade, Serbia. .,Immunology Research Centre "Branislav Janković, Institute of Virology, Vaccines and Sera "Torlak, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Veljko Blagojević
- Immunology Research Centre "Branislav Janković, Institute of Virology, Vaccines and Sera "Torlak, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Ćuruvija
- Immunology Research Centre "Branislav Janković, Institute of Virology, Vaccines and Sera "Torlak, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Vujić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Hume DA, Caruso M, Keshvari S, Patkar OL, Sehgal A, Bush SJ, Summers KM, Pridans C, Irvine KM. The Mononuclear Phagocyte System of the Rat. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:2251-2263. [PMID: 33965905 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The laboratory rat continues to be the model of choice for many studies of physiology, behavior, and complex human diseases. Cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS; monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells) are abundant residents in every tissue in the body and regulate postnatal development, homeostasis, and innate and acquired immunity. Recruitment and proliferation of MPS cells is an essential component of both initiation and resolution of inflammation. The large majority of current knowledge of MPS biology is derived from studies of inbred mice, but advances in technology and resources have eliminated many of the advantages of the mouse as a model. In this article, we review the tools available and the current state of knowledge of development, homeostasis, regulation, and diversity within the MPS of the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Hume
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Melanie Caruso
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sahar Keshvari
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Omkar L Patkar
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anuj Sehgal
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stephen J Bush
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kim M Summers
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Clare Pridans
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.,Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Katharine M Irvine
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Misharin AV, Cuda CM, Saber R, Turner JD, Gierut AK, Haines GK, Berdnikovs S, Filer A, Clark AR, Buckley CD, Mutlu GM, Budinger GRS, Perlman H. Nonclassical Ly6C(-) monocytes drive the development of inflammatory arthritis in mice. Cell Rep 2014; 9:591-604. [PMID: 25373902 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Different subsets and/or polarized phenotypes of monocytes and macrophages may play distinct roles during the development and resolution of inflammation. Here, we demonstrate in a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis that nonclassical Ly6C(-) monocytes are required for the initiation and progression of sterile joint inflammation. Moreover, nonclassical Ly6C(-) monocytes differentiate into inflammatory macrophages (M1), which drive disease pathogenesis and display plasticity during the resolution phase. During the development of arthritis, these cells polarize toward an alternatively activated phenotype (M2), promoting the resolution of joint inflammation. The influx of Ly6C(-) monocytes and their subsequent classical and then alternative activation occurs without changes in synovial tissue-resident macrophages, which express markers of M2 polarization throughout the course of the arthritis and attenuate joint inflammation during the initiation phase. These data suggest that circulating Ly6C(-) monocytes recruited to the joint upon injury orchestrate the development and resolution of autoimmune joint inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Misharin
- Division of Rheumatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Carla M Cuda
- Division of Rheumatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rana Saber
- Division of Rheumatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jason D Turner
- Rheumatology Research Group, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Angelica K Gierut
- Division of Rheumatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - G Kenneth Haines
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Sergejs Berdnikovs
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Andrew Filer
- Rheumatology Research Group, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Andrew R Clark
- Rheumatology Research Group, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Christopher D Buckley
- Rheumatology Research Group, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Gökhan M Mutlu
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - G R Scott Budinger
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Harris Perlman
- Division of Rheumatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Synovial fluid myeloid dendritic cells display important differences compared to monocyte-derived dendritic cells prepared in vitro. Clin Transl Immunology 2014; 3:e23. [PMID: 25505971 PMCID: PMC4232072 DOI: 10.1038/cti.2014.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The object of this study was to characterise synovial fluid dendritic cells (SFDCs) with regard to morphology, phenotype and responses to 1,25hydroxy-cholecalciferol (1,25D) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and to compare these characteristics with those of peripheral blood (PB) monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs). SF was aspirated from knees with inflammatory effusions. PB samples were obtained contemporaneously. SFDCs were separated by flow cytometry. Morphology was determined on cytosmears. Expression of accessory molecules, cytokines and prostaglandin synthases mRNA was quantified by reverse transcription PCR. Analyses were performed on freshly prepared DCs and after incubation with 1,25D and LPS, separately and in combination. SFDCs and MDDCs displayed broadly similar morphology. Expression of accessory molecules, cytokines, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E-synthase (PGES) was similar. SFDCs, but not MDDCs, expressed prostaglandin D-synthase (PGDS). PGDS was lost on incubation with SFDCs, but was induced by 1,25D in MDDCs. LPS in the presence or absence of 1,25D, induced interleukin 23 (IL23), IL1β and tumour necrosis factor-α in SFDCs and MDDCs, with SFDC showing stronger expression of these cytokines. 1,25D in combination with LPS induced PGES and enhanced LPS induction of IL6 in SFDCs and MDDCs. LPS reduced 1,25D-induced expression of PGDS in MDDCs. SFDCs and MDDCs display similar basal characteristics but differ in PGDS expression and responsiveness to LPS and 1,25D. MDDCs have limitations as a model of SFDCs which have differentiated in vivo.
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Prostaglandin D(2) in inflammatory arthritis and its relation with synovial fluid dendritic cells. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:329494. [PMID: 23737645 PMCID: PMC3662174 DOI: 10.1155/2013/329494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin (PG)D2 has been shown to be an active agent in the resolution of experimentally induced inflammation. This study was undertaken to determine the presence of PGD2 in chronic joint effusions and to explore the potential contributions of dendritic cells (DC) and monocytes to the intra-articular synthesis of PGD2. Synovial fluid (SF) was obtained from patients with inflammatory arthritis and knee effusions. PGD2 and PGE2 were detected in SF by ultrahigh-performance tandem mass spectrometry. Cellular fractions in SF were separated by density-gradient centrifugation and flow cytometry. The expression of hematopoietic prostaglandin D-synthase (hPGDS) and PGE-synthase (PGES) mRNA was determined by RT-PCR. Both PGD2 and PGE2 were detected in blood and SF, with PGD2 being more abundant than PGE2 in SF. mRNA for hPGDS was more abundant in SF mDCs than SF monocytes (P < 0.01) or PB monocytes (P < 0.001). SF mDC expressed significantly more hPGDS than PGES. Expressions of PGD2 and hPGDS were inversely associated with serum C-reactive protein (P < 0.01) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P < 0.01). The findings suggest that synovial DCs may be an important source of hPGDS and that systemic disease activity may be influenced by actions of PGD2 in RA and other arthropathies.
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Moghaddami M, Mayrhofer G, Anderson PH, Morris HA, Van Der Hoek M, Cleland LG. Efficacy and mechanisms of action of vitamin D in experimental polyarthritis. Immunol Cell Biol 2011; 90:168-77. [PMID: 21445089 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2011.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D (vit D) status has been linked to the occurrence and severity of auto-immune and inflammatory diseases. This study evaluates the effects of vit D status on adoptive transfer of adjuvant-induced arthritis (ATA). Rats maintained on diets replete or deficient in vit D3 received arthritogenic thoracic duct cells and were monitored for severity of arthritis. CD45(+) cells obtained by collagenase digestion of hind-paw synovium-rich tissues (SRTs) were analysed to observe the effects of dietary vit D3 on the inflammatory process. Arthritis was more severe in vitamin D-deficient (vit-D(-)) rats compared with vitamin D-replete (vit-D(+)) rats. Resolution was delayed in vit-D(-) rats compared with vit-D(+) rats, or rats fed standard chow. During the acute phase of ATA, numbers of CD45(+) cells were significantly increased in the SRTs of vit-D(-) rats compared with vit-D(+) rats. This increase involved T-cells, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs) and MHC II(hi) cells that resemble activated monocytes. A major difference between the dietary groups was that most DCs at the peak of inflammation in vit-D(-) rats were CD4(-), whereas in convalescent vit-D(+) rats most expressed CD4. Multiple categories of genes expressed by DCs differed between deficient and replete rats, with deficiency being associated with relative upregulation of certain pro-inflammatory genes and replete status being associated with upregulation of genes associated with resolution of inflammation. The findings indicate that ATA is more severe and prolonged in vit-D deficiency, that vit-D deficiency promotes accumulation of CD4(-) DCs in synovium during ATA and that a gene-expression profile is likely to contribute to the observed increased severity and duration of arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahin Moghaddami
- Arthritis Research Laboratory, Hanson Institute, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Hilkens CMU, Isaacs JD, Thomson AW. Development of dendritic cell-based immunotherapy for autoimmunity. Int Rev Immunol 2010; 29:156-83. [PMID: 20199240 DOI: 10.3109/08830180903281193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells are professional antigen-presenting cells that maintain immune tolerance to self-antigens by deleting or controlling the pathogenicity of auto-reactive T-cells. Dendritic cell-based immunotherapies show great promise for the restoration of tolerance in autoimmune disease. Dendritic cells can be modified ex vivo to induce stable tolerogenic function and be used as cellular 'vaccines' or they can be targeted in vivo with sophisticated antigen delivery systems. Tolerogenic dendritic cells induce antigen-specific T-cell tolerance in vivo and have therapeutic effects in animal models of autoimmunity. The current challenge is to bring tolerogenic dendritic cell therapy to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharien M U Hilkens
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Musculoskeletal Research Group, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
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Lakey RL, Morgan TG, Rowan AD, Isaacs JD, Cawston TE, Hilkens CMU. A novel paradigm for dendritic cells as effectors of cartilage destruction. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2009; 48:502-7. [PMID: 19269957 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kep040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dendritic cells (DCs) are enriched in RA synovium and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of RA primarily through their ability to present autoantigen and activate T cells. However, whether DCs play an effector role in cartilage destruction is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether DCs can induce collagen release from cartilage and the mechanism involved. METHODS Human monocyte-derived DCs (mDCs) were activated with CD40 ligand (CD40L) to mimic DC-T-cell interaction, and supernatants were incubated with cartilage explants. Hydroxyproline was assessed as a measure of collagen release and collagenolytic activity was measured by a bioassay using tritiated collagen. TNF-alpha in DC supernatants was measured by specific ELISA. RESULTS Supernatants from CD40L-activated mDCs, but not unstimulated mDCs, strongly induced the destruction of cartilage collagen. mDC supernatants did not contain collagenases but did induce collagenolytic activity in cartilage explants. Neutralization of TNF-alpha in mDC supernatants completely abolished collagenolysis. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that mDCs, upon CD40-ligation, induce cartilage collagen degradation through an indirect mechanism via the production of TNF-alpha. Our data suggest a potential important role for mDC-derived TNF-alpha in RA, which is in line with the previously reported observations that DCs are a major source of TNF-alpha in early autoimmune lesions and that anti-TNF-alpha therapeutics effectively suppress joint damage in RA patients. We propose that DCs can act as effectors in cartilage destruction, adding a new aspect to the functional role of DCs in RA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Lakey
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Wenink MH, Han W, Toes REM, Radstake TRDJ. Dendritic cells and their potential implication in pathology and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2008:81-98. [PMID: 19031022 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-71029-5_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are the professional antigen presenting cells that protect us against invading organisms. On the other hand, they uphold tolerance thereby avoiding the initiation of autoimmunity. In performing these contrasting but essential tasks DC are unique and divide these processes in time and space. It is often thought that a loss of separation of these tasks underlies the breakthrough of tolerance leading to autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. In this review, we will focus on the evidence which points towards the implication of DC in the inflammatory process observed in RA and in experimental models of arthritis. Finally, we will conclude on future programs exploiting the capacity of DC to cure conditions such as RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Wenink
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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