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Shi Y, Zhong G, Huang H, Li N, Zeng J, Zhu J, Yuan J, Liang J. Comparative pharmacokinetics of five primary constituents in Huai-hua powder: a study on normal rats and rats with ulcerative colitis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2024:rgae062. [PMID: 38913100 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goal of this research was to develop a fast, reliable, and sensitive method to simultaneously quantify five key components of Huai-hua Powder (HHP) in rat plasma with genistein served as the internal standard. Furthermore, the established method was used to perform a comparative evaluation of the pharmacokinetic properties of HHP in normal rats and rats with ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS Chromatographic separation was conducted using an ACQUITY HSS T3 column held at a constant temperature of 35°C, with acetonitrile and a 0.1% formic acid solution in water employed as the mobile phases. Multiple-reaction monitoring facilitated MS operation in positive-negative-ion-switching mode. The method's validation demonstrated exceptional linearity (with a correlation coefficient of r ≥ 0.9970), and the validation tests, encompassing precision within and between days, accuracy, recovery, matrix effect, and stability; all met the predefined acceptable criteria. KEY FINDINGS The results revealed significant variations in the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the five components between normal and UC rats, suggesting altered drug metabolism rates and extents in the latter group. CONCLUSIONS These findings offer crucial scientific insights into the potential clinical application of HHP, particularly in the context of treating UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Shi
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Guoyue Zhong
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Huilian Huang
- Key Lab of Modern Preparations of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Nazhi Li
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jinxiang Zeng
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jixiao Zhu
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jinbin Yuan
- Key Lab of Modern Preparations of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jian Liang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
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Yang D, Song Y, Lu A, Qin L, Tan D, Zhang Q, He Y, Lu Y. Metabolomics-Based Analysis of the Effects of Different Cultivation Strategies on Metabolites of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030389. [PMID: 36984829 PMCID: PMC10059836 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo is a famous plant with a high medicinal value which has been recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition). The medicinal properties of D. officinale are based on its chemical composition. However, there are no reports on how different cultivation methods affect its chemical composition. In order to reveal this issue, samples of the D. officinale were collected in this study through tree epiphytic cultivation, stone epiphytic cultivation, and greenhouse cultivation. Polysaccharides were determined by phenol sulfuric acid method and secondary metabolites were detected by the UPLC-MS technique. In addition, with regards to metabolomics, we used multivariate analyses including principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares analysis (OPLS-DA) to screen for differential metabolites which met the conditions of variable importance projection values >1, fold change >4, and p < 0.05. The differential metabolites were taken further for metabolic pathway enrichment analysis, which was based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, and validated by antioxidant activity. Comparing the three groups of samples according to the standards of the ChP (2020 edition), the results showed that the polysaccharide content of the samples from stony epiphytic cultivation and greenhouse cultivation was significantly higher than that of the samples from live tree epiphytic cultivation. Metabolomic analysis revealed that there were 185 differential metabolites among the 3 cultivation methods, with 99 of the differential metabolites being highest in the stone epiphytic cultivation. The results of the metabolic pathway enrichment analysis showed that the different cultivation strategies mainly effected four carbohydrate metabolic pathways, five secondary metabolite synthesis pathways, six amino acid metabolic pathways, one nucleotide metabolism pathway, three cofactor and vitamin metabolism pathways, and one translation pathway in genetic information processing. Furthermore, D. officinale from stone epiphytic cultivation which had the best antioxidant activity was implicated in differential metabolite production. This study revealed the effects of different cultivation methods on the chemical composition of D. officinale and also provided a reference for establishing the quality control standards to aid its development and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Yang
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China
| | - Yeyang Song
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China
| | - Anjin Lu
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Lin Qin
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Daopeng Tan
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Qianru Zhang
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yuqi He
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-technology for Dendrobium Nobile, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563000, China
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanliu Lu
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi 563009, China
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
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3
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Su R, Jin X, Zhao W, Wu X, Zhai F, Li Z. Rutin ameliorates the promotion effect of fine particulate matter on vascular calcification in calcifying vascular cells and ApoE -/- mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 234:113410. [PMID: 35279519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric PM2.5 exposure greatly contributes to the incidence of and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Owing to the crucial role of vascular calcification in the progression of CVD, it is imperative to elucidate the effects of PM2.5 on vascular calcification to understand the toxic mechanisms of haze-induced CVD. However, the effects of PM2.5 exposure on vascular calcification and the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. In this work, the in vitro and in vivo models were used to illuminate the effects of PM2.5 on vascular calcification. We found that PM2.5 promoted the deposition of hydroxyapatite in calcifying vascular cells. Moreover, hydroxyapatite deposition was significantly enhanced by 3.5 times compared with those in the control group in aortas of ApoE-/- mice after exposure winter PM2.5 (1.5 mg/kg b.w.), accompanied by activation of the OPG/RANKL pathway and inflammatory cytokines' expressions. Moreover, PM2.5-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was observed. NAC, an ROS inhibitor, observably alleviated the promotion effects of PM2.5 on vascular calcification. Furthermore, rutin effectively prevented vascular calcification by regulating the OPG/RANKL pathway. Our results suggest that PM2.5 play an important role in the occurrence and development of vascular calcification, and that rutin has an antagonistic effect on it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Su
- Department of Biology, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan 030619, China
| | - Xiaoting Jin
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Department of Biology, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan 030619, China
| | - Xiaoying Wu
- Department of Biology, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan 030619, China
| | - Feihong Zhai
- Department of Biology, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan 030619, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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Sachetto ATA, Miyamoto JG, Tashima AK, de Souza AO, Santoro ML. The Bioflavonoids Rutin and Rutin Succinate Neutralize the Toxins of B. jararaca Venom and Inhibit its Lethality. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:828269. [PMID: 35264963 PMCID: PMC8899467 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.828269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The venom of the Brazilian pit viper Bothrops jararaca (BjV) is a complex mixture of molecules, and snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMP) and serine proteinases (SVSP) are the most abundant protein families found therein. Toxins present in BjV trigger most of the deleterious disturbances in hemostasis observed in snakebites, i.e., thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia and bleedings. The treatment of patients bitten by snakes still poses challenges and the bioflavonoid rutin has already been shown to improve hemostasis in an experimental model of snakebite envenomation. However, rutin is poorly soluble in water; in this study, it was succinylated to generate its water-soluble form, rutin succinate (RS), which was analyzed comparatively regarding the chemical structure and characteristic features of rutin. Biological activities of rutin and RS were compared on hemostatic parameters, and against toxic activities of crude BjV in vitro. In vivo, C57BL/6 mice were injected i.p. with either BjV alone or pre-incubated with rutin, RS or 1,10-phenanthroline (o-phe, an SVMP inhibitor), and the survival rates and hemostatic parameters were analyzed 48 h after envenomation. RS showed the characteristic activities described for rutin – i.e., antioxidant and inhibitor of protein disulfide isomerase – but also prolonged the clotting time of fibrinogen and plasma in vitro. Differently from rutin, RS inhibited typical proteolytic activities of SVMP, as well as the coagulant activity of BjV. Importantly, both rutin and RS completely abrogated the lethal activity of BjV, in the same degree as o-phe. BjV induced hemorrhages, falls in RBC counts, thrombocytopenia and hypofibrinogenemia in mice. Rutin and RS also improved the recovery of platelet counts and fibrinogen levels, and the development of hemorrhages was totally blocked in mice injected with BjV incubated with RS. In conclusion, RS has anticoagulant properties and is a novel SVMP inhibitor. Rutin and RS showed different mechanisms of action on hemostasis. Only RS inhibited directly BjV biological activities, even though both flavonoids neutralized B. jararaca toxicity in vivo. Our results showed clearly that rutin and RS show a great potential to be used as therapeutic compounds for snakebite envenomation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Teresa Azevedo Sachetto
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Institute Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jackson Gabriel Miyamoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Keiji Tashima
- Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Olívia de Souza
- Laboratory of Development and Innovation, Institute Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Larami Santoro
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Institute Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Xu H, Zhang S, Zhang T, Huang W, Dai Y, Zheng R, Wu G. An electrochemiluminescence biosensor for cadmium ion based on target-induced strand displacement amplification and magnetic Fe 3O 4-GO nanosheets. Talanta 2022; 237:122967. [PMID: 34736691 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Taking advantage of an exquisite hairpin DNA for strand displacement amplification (SDA) and the magnetic Fe3O4-graphene oxide nanosheets (MGN) as the carrier, an immobilization-free ECL biosensor was constructed for ultra-trace detection of Cd2+. Firstly, the ECL probe Ru (phen)32+ easily diffuses in the solution and reaches the electrode surface to induce strong ECL signal. This is because the pre-designed hairpin DNA is constrained by MGN in the absence of Cd2+. The presence of Cd2+ releases cDNA by binding to its corresponding aptamer, leading to removal of hairpin DNA away from the surface of MGN. In this case, SDA amplification was evoked and generated numerous dsDNA which further trapped Ru (phen)32+ in its groove. It is difficult for the embedded ECL probe to touch the electrode surface to generate ECL signal. Therefore, the concentration of Cd2+ was monitored according to the attenuation of ECL signal. This method showed high sensitivity to Cd2+ with a detection limit of 1.1 × 10-4 ppb. Moreover, it not only avoids many condition optimizations required in the conventional SDA method, but also circumvent the modification and immobilization of DNA probe. This sensor is further applied in the detection of Cd2+ in the sample of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Xu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shiqi Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Weihua Huang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuting Dai
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ruoxi Zheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Guangwen Wu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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Bharat KT, Manhas NS, Gutcho J, Lin J, Bhattacharyya S, Kounang R. Ingredients of a Natural Oral Nutritional Supplement and Their Role in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS: ARTHRITIS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS 2022; 15:11795441211063365. [PMID: 35360183 PMCID: PMC8961370 DOI: 10.1177/11795441211063365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a prevalent degenerative disease affecting a large portion of
the world’s aging population. Currently, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
and acetaminophen are first-line medications for treating osteoarthritis
patients’ pain. However, several studies have noted that while these medications
control pain they do not halt progressive degeneration and tend to have an
unfavorable side-effect profile with prolonged use. Recently, due to their more
favorable side-effect profiles, herbal alternatives for controlling
osteoarthritis symptoms and for alleviating the progression of the disease are
being increasingly studied. Synogesic is a newly developed herbal supplement
blend by renowned orthopedic surgeons and physiatrists consisting of turmeric,
rutin, ginger root, vitamin C, vitamin D, and boswellia extracts. A study by
Sharkey et al. has commented on the efficacy of the blend on the patients with
knee osteoarthritis. So far, a review on the ingredients of the blend has not
yet carried outbeen. By exploring prominent literature databases including
PubMed and ScienceDirect, our aim is to write a narrative review to explore the
individual ingredients of this blend and delve into their characteristics, as
well as the most recent literature on their mechanism and efficacy in patients
with osteoarthritis. Through this, we hope to inform clinicians and patients
alike on relevant up-to-date research on the supplement and provide insight on
the potential for this supplement for alleviating the disease course of patients
with osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krish Tejas Bharat
- California University of Science and
Medicine, Colton, CA, USA
- Krish Tejas Bharat, California University
of Science and Medicine, 1501 Violet Street, Colton, CA 92324, USA.
| | | | - James Gutcho
- California University of Science and
Medicine, Colton, CA, USA
| | - Joshua Lin
- Keck School of Medicine, University of
Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Robertus Kounang
- Loma Linda University Health,
Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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7
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Duan Y, Ying Z, He F, Ying X, Jia L, Yang G. A new skeleton flavonoid and a new lignan from Portulaca oleracea L. and their activities. Fitoterapia 2021; 153:104993. [PMID: 34284073 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.104993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A new skeleton flavonoid, identified as (5aR)-10-hydroxy-8-methoxy-5aH,11H-chromeno[2,3-b]chromen-11-one (1), named oleracone G, and a new lignan, confirmed as 8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-methoxynaphthalen-2-ol (2), named oleralignan B, were isolated from Portulaca oleracea L., and the structures of them were determined using spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, 1D NMR, 2D NMR, and UHPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS. In addition, compounds 1-2 were applied to investigate the anti-inflammatory activities on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages and scavenging effects in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical. The results showed that the two compounds at 10 μM and 20 μM could dose-dependently decrease the secretion of interleukin 1β in RAW 264.7 cells by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, moreover, presented remarkable antioxidant activities with IC50 values of 27.57, 20.12 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Zheming Ying
- School of The First Clinic, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Fan He
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xixiang Ying
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Lianqun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Guanlin Yang
- School of The First Clinic, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
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Lenzuni M, Suarato G, Miele D, Carzino R, Ruggeri M, Bertorelli R, Sandri G, Athanassiou A. Development of biodegradable zein-based bilayer coatings for drug-eluting stents. RSC Adv 2021; 11:24345-24358. [PMID: 35479013 PMCID: PMC9036829 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03748j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-eluting stents (DES) have been widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, chronic inflammation and delayed re-endothelialization still represent challenges for their clinical use. In the present work, we developed novel bilayer coatings for stent applications that could overcome these limitations, exclusively using biodegradable plant-based drugs and polymers. In particular, stainless steel surfaces were coated with rutin-loaded zein (the active layer) and cross-linked alginate (the sacrificial layer) via facile dip and spray coating methods. Various mechanical tests and analysis tools, such as infrared spectroscopy, water contact angle measurements, and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the coated surfaces. Degradation and release studies of the films were extensively carried out and compared. The release rate of rutin from the bilayer coating reached 66.1 ± 3.2% within 24 hours of incubation (initial burst period), while the rest of the drug was released over 21 days in a sustained manner. Antioxidant assays confirmed that rutin retained its free radical scavenging ability after being eluted in phosphate buffer at 37 °C. In vitro results with human fibroblasts and endothelial cells suggested that the coating materials and their degradation products are highly biocompatible. In conclusion, our novel drug-eluting coatings, fabricated with natural biodegradable polymers, are promising materials for DES applications, allowing a sustained drug delivery and improving the biocompatibility of cardiovascular implanted devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Lenzuni
- Smart Materials Group, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
- DIBRIS, University of Genoa via Opera Pia 13 Genoa Italy
| | - Giulia Suarato
- Smart Materials Group, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
- Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Dalila Miele
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia viale Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Riccardo Carzino
- Smart Materials Group, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Marco Ruggeri
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia viale Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Rosalia Bertorelli
- Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Giuseppina Sandri
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia viale Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia Italy
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9
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V. E, Krishnan K, Bhattacharyya A, R. S. Advances in Ayurvedic medicinal plants and nanocarriers for arthritis treatment and management: A review. J Herb Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lipoxin A4-Mediated p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway Protects Mice Against Collagen-Induced Arthritis. Biochem Genet 2020; 59:346-365. [PMID: 33221976 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-020-10016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the article was to study the mechanism of Lipoxin A4 (LXA4)-mediated p38 MAPK pathway protecting mice against collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). The impact of LXA4 (0, 5, 10, 15 nM) on synoviocytes proliferation of CIA mice was detected using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. CIA mice were treated with LXA4, SB203580 (a p38 inhibitor), and/or anisomycin (a p38 agonist), and the arthritis severity score in each mouse was determined. The gene or protein expressions were detected with Western Blotting, ELISA, or qRT-PCR. LXA4 inhibited the synoviocytes proliferation of CIA mice with decreased levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ and reduced p-p38/total p38 expression in synoviocytes in a dose-dependent manner. LXA4 levels were decreased in synovial tissues and plasma of CIA mice, but p-p38/total p38 expression was increased in synovial tissues. LXA4 could downregulate p-p38/total p38 expression in synovial tissues of CIA mice. Both LXA4 and SB203580 reduced arthritis severity score of CIA mice with the reduction of synovial tissue hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration. CIA mice treated with LXA4 and SB203580 had lower levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-γ, accompanying decreased MDA as well as increased SOD, CAT,and GPx. However, anisomycin could reverse the protect effects of LXA4 on CIA mice regarding the abovementioned inflammatory factors and oxidative stress indexes. LXA4 protected mice against collagen-induced arthritis via inhibiting p38 MAPK signaling pathway, which may be a potential new therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis.
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Xiong H, Ding X, Wang H, Jiang H, Wu X, Tu C, Wu C, Pi Y, Yang G, Zhao Z, Mei Z. Tibetan medicine Kuan-Jin-Teng exerts anti-arthritic effects on collagen-induced arthritis rats via inhibition the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and down-regulation of MAPK signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 57:271-281. [PMID: 30802713 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stems of Tinospora sinensis (Lour.) Merr commonly named "Kuan-Jin-Teng" in Chinese, have been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis as a Tibetan medicine. PURPOSE The effects of the EtOAc fraction of ethanolic extract from the stems of T. sinensis (KJT) on the pro-inflammatory cytokines and MAPK pathway were studied in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. STUDY DESIGN Anti-arthritic activity of KJT was investigated in CIA model. METHODS The chemical constituents of KJT were analyzed by LC-MS and HPLC. The CIA model was established with injecting the bovine CII emulsified in Freund's adjuvant in Wistar rats. Several doses of KJT (50.0, 100.0 and 200.0 mg/kg) were administrated via oral gavage to CIA rats daily for 4 weeks. The anti-arthritic activity of KJT was investigated by clinical arthritis scoring, paw swelling inspection and hyperalgesia measurement, as well as radiological and histological analysis in CIA rats. The impacts of KJT on the activation of MAPK pathway, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-17) in ankle joints, serum, and spleen in CIA rats were examined by western blot, immunohistochemical staining, ELISA, and quantitative real-time PCR respectively. Lastly, the effects of KJT on production of the nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as the regulation of the phosphorylation of p38 and Erk were detected in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells. RESULTS KJT significantly alleviated the paw swelling, hyperalgesia and arthritic severity, and reduced the synovial tissue proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration in the CIA rats. Moreover, KJT suppressed the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-17 in ankle joints, serum, and spleen and reversed the up-regulation of the phosphorylation of p38 and Erk in CIA rats. KJT was also demonstrated to inhibit the production of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), and phosphorylation of p38 and Erk in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. CONCLUSION These results suggest the mechanisms of KJT performing its anti-arthritis effect may be attributed to inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and down-regulating the MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xin Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hua Wang
- School of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Haiqin Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xinyan Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chuyue Tu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chaoqun Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yang Pi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guangzhong Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhongqiu Zhao
- Center for the Study of Itch, Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States; Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Zhinan Mei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China.
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12
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Rengasamy KR, Khan H, Gowrishankar S, Lagoa RJ, Mahomoodally FM, Khan Z, Suroowan S, Tewari D, Zengin G, Hassan ST, Pandian SK. The role of flavonoids in autoimmune diseases: Therapeutic updates. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 194:107-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Sachetto ATA, Rosa JG, Santoro ML. Rutin (quercetin-3-rutinoside) modulates the hemostatic disturbances and redox imbalance induced by Bothrops jararaca snake venom in mice. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006774. [PMID: 30307940 PMCID: PMC6181271 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Snakebites are a major Collective Health problem worldwide. In Brazil, Bothrops jararaca snake venom (BjV) evokes hemostatic disturbances, bleeding manifestations, and redox status imbalance. Specific antivenom therapy, although efficacious to revert most snakebite-induced manifestations, is incapable of treating secondary manifestations, such as oxidative/nitrosative stress. Searching for new complementary therapies that could attenuate physiological derangements triggered by envenomation, we elected to test quercetin-3-rutinoside (rutin) by its potential as both a potent antioxidant and a hemostasis modulatory compound. The activity of rutin was evaluated both on the biological activities of crude BjV in vitro, and in vivo by the ability of rutin (14.4 mg/kg b.w.) to modulate hematological, hemostatic and redox status markers altered by BjV injection (1.6 mg/kg b.w., s.c.) in mice. In vitro, rutin failed to inhibit BjV-induced platelet aggregation and biological activities of major BjV enzymes (metalloproteinases, phospholipases A2, serine proteases, and L-amino acid oxidases). On the other hand, rutin attenuated local hemorrhage, and the increase in reactive species, prevented the fall in RBC counts and fibrinogen levels, diminished tail bleeding and shortened prothrombin time (PT) evoked by envenomation. Furthermore, rutin reduced tissue factor (TF) activity and altered the protein expression of TF in liver, lungs, heart and skin. In conclusion, the disturbances in redox status and hemostatic system induced by B. jararaca envenomation were modulated by rutin, suggesting it has a great potential to be used as an ancillary therapeutic agent for snakebites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Teresa Azevedo Sachetto
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Institute Butantan, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Gomes Rosa
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Institute Butantan, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Larami Santoro
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Institute Butantan, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mansilha A, Sousa J. Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Chronic Venous Disease and Implications for Venoactive Drug Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061669. [PMID: 29874834 PMCID: PMC6032391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic venous disease (CVD) is a common pathology, with significant physical and psychological impacts for patients and high economic costs for national healthcare systems. Throughout the last decades, several risk factors for this condition have been identified, but only recently, have the roles of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction been properly assessed. Although still incompletely understood, current knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms of CVD reveals several potential targets and strategies for therapeutic intervention, some of which are addressable by currently available venoactive drugs. The roles of these drugs in the clinical improvement of venous tone and contractility, reduction of edema and inflammation, as well as in improved microcirculation and venous ulcer healing have been studied extensively, with favorable results reported in the literature. Here, we aim to review these pathophysiological mechanisms and their implications regarding currently available venoactive drug therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Mansilha
- Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
- Departamento de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, Hospital CUF Porto, 4100-180 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joel Sousa
- Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
- Departamento de Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular, Hospital CUF Porto, 4100-180 Porto, Portugal.
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15
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Kalita B, Das MK. Rutin-phospholipid complex in polymer matrix for long-term delivery of rutin via skin for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 46:41-56. [PMID: 29226739 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1411931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The drug with poor oral bioavailability necessitates the development of novel carrier for efficient drug delivery. This paper reports the rutin-phospholipid complex in polymer matrix for sustained delivery of rutin via the skin for the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Rutin in phospholipid complex (RNPs) are better soluble and permeable than the free rutin. The RNPs-loaded polymeric matrix patch with moderate adhesiveness was developed for convenient means of long term drug application on the skin. The patch was analysed for physicochemical properties, ex vivo skin permeability and in vivo efficacy in rat paw oedema model. The skin targeting efficacy was analysed by CLSM study. Optimized formulation (F2) showed 31 ± 2.32% and 26.56 ± 5.52% skin permeation at 24 h across excised rat skin and human cadaver skin, respectively. The sustained anti-inflammatory effect of the patch formulation in rat paw oedema model confirmed its unique in vivo efficacy over the conventional diclofenac gel. The CLSM study confirmed the localization of RNPs in the dermis for sustained anti-inflammatory effect. Our results suggest that the developed patch has a potential for long term site specific delivery of rutin in arthritic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupen Kalita
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Dibrugarh University , Dibrugarh , India.,b Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Science , Guwahati , India
| | - Malay K Das
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Dibrugarh University , Dibrugarh , India
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16
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Koçancı FG, Aslim B. Neuroprotective Effects of Rutin and Quercetin Flavonoids in Glaucium corniculatum Methanol and Water Extracts. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2017. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.363347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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17
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Najafi H, Mohamadi Yarijani Z, Changizi-Ashtiyani S, Mansouri K, Modarresi M, Madani SH, Bastani B. Protective effect of Malva sylvestris L. extract in ischemia-reperfusion induced acute kidney and remote liver injury. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188270. [PMID: 29155898 PMCID: PMC5695808 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mallow (Malva sylvestris L.) has had medicinal and therapeutic uses in addition to its oral consumption. The present study was conducted to examine the protective effect of Malva sylvestris L. extract on ischemia-reperfusion-induced kidney injury and remote organ injuries in the liver. Before ischemia-reperfusion, rats in the different groups received intraperitoneal normal saline or mallow extract at the doses of 200, 400 or 600 mg/kg of body weight. After 30-minutes of bilateral renal ischemia followed by 24-hours of reperfusion, tissue damage in the kidney and liver samples were determined through studying H&E-stained slides under a light microscope. The degree of leukocyte infiltration and tissue mRNA expressions of TNF- and ICAM-1 were then measured to examine the degree of renal inflammation. The renal tissue MDA and FRAP levels were measured for determining the amount of oxidative stress. Plasma concentrations of creatinine, urea, ALT and ALP were also measured. Ischemia-reperfusion led to a significant increase in plasma concentrations of creatinine, urea, ALT and ALP, and renal tissue MDA, and a significant decrease in renal tissue FRAP. The expression of pro-inflammatory factors in the kidney tissue, the level of leukocyte infiltration and the amount of tissue damage in the kidney and liver also increased. Pretreatment by mallow extract led to a significant improvement in all the variables measured. The 200- and 400-mg doses yielded better results in most parameters compared to the 600-mg dose. The findings showed that mallow extract protects the kidney against ischemia-reperfusion and reduces remote organ injury in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houshang Najafi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Changizi-Ashtiyani
- Department of Physiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Kamran Mansouri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masoud Modarresi
- Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamid Madani
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Bahar Bastani
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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18
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Hughes SD, Ketheesan N, Haleagrahara N. The therapeutic potential of plant flavonoids on rheumatoid arthritis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 57:3601-3613. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1246413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel D. Hughes
- Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Natkunam Ketheesan
- Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM), James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Nagaraja Haleagrahara
- Biomedicine, College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM), James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
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19
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Jayachandran S, Khobre P. Efficacy of Bromelain along with Trypsin, Rutoside Trihydrate Enzymes and Diclofenac Sodium Combination Therapy for the treatment of TMJ Osteoarthritis - A Randomised Clinical Trial. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZC09-ZC11. [PMID: 28764284 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/25771.9964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disorder characterized by chronic inflammatory response of cartilage and articular surface involving Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ). Pain as one of the major symptom of osteoarthritis affects the quality of life and is usually managed by Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) such as diclofenac sodium. Bromelain, trypsin and rutoside trihydrate formulation can be used to treat this disease because of anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. AIM To assess the effectiveness of oral bromelain, trypsin, rutoside trihydrate enzymes and diclofenac sodium combination therapy over diclofenac sodium for the treatment of TMJ osteoarthritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty Patients with symptomatic TMJ osteoarthritis were randomly divided into three groups. 10 patients were treated with diclofenac sodium (Group 1), 10 were given oral enzymes (bromelain, trypsin, rutoside trihydrate) and diclofenac sodium combination (Group 2), and 10 were treated with oral enzyme preparation (bromelain, trypsin, rutoside trihydrate) (Group 3). Patients were evaluated on day 1, day 4, day 7 and day 10. Comparison of pain rating within three groups was assessed using numeric rating scale. The efficacy criteria were analysed applying ANOVA followed by post-hoc test. RESULTS Inter group comparison of the effectiveness of management of pain, resulted in a value p < 0.05 between Group 2 and other two groups, which indicated that Group 2 patients responded better than Group 1 and Group 3, while p > 0.05 between Group 1 and Group 3 showed both groups responded equally to the treatment. CONCLUSION The trial showed significant improvement in reducing pain in patients treated with oral enzymes and diclofenac sodium combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jayachandran
- Professor and Head, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Tamil Nadu Government Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Priyanka Khobre
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Tamil Nadu Government Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Nikfarjam BA, Adineh M, Hajiali F, Nassiri-Asl M. Treatment with Rutin - A Therapeutic Strategy for Neutrophil-Mediated Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases: - Anti-inflammatory Effects of Rutin on Neutrophils. J Pharmacopuncture 2017; 20:52-56. [PMID: 28392963 PMCID: PMC5374339 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2017.20.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Neutrophils represent the front line of human defense against infections. Immediately after stimulation, neutrophilic enzymes are activated and produce toxic mediators such as pro-inflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide (NO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). These mediators can be toxic not only to infectious agents but also to host tissues. Because flavonoids exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, they are subjects of interest for pharmacological modulation of inflammation. In the present study, the effects of rutin on stimulus-induced NO and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α productions and MPO activity in human neutrophils were investigated. Methods: Human peripheral blood neutrophils were isolated using Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation coupled with dextran T500 sedimentation. The cell preparations containing > 98% granulocytes were determined by morphological examination through Giemsa staining. Neutrophils were cultured in complete Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) medium, pre-incubated with or without rutin (25 μM) for 45 minutes, and stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Then, the TNF-α, NO and MPO productions were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Griess Reagent, and MPO assay kits, respectively. Also, the viability of human neutrophils was assessed using tetrazolium salt 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), and neutrophils were treated with various concentrations of rutin (1 - 100 μM), after which MTT was appended and incubated at 37ºC for 4 hour. Results: Rutin at concentrations up to 100 μM did not affect neutrophil viability during the 4-hour incubation period. Rutin significantly decreased the NO and TNF-α productions in human peripheral blood neutrophils compared to PMA-control cells (P < 0.001). Also, MPO activity was significantly reduced by rutin (P < 0.001). Conclusion: In this in vitro study, rutin had an anti-inflammatory effect due to its inhibiting NO and TNF-α productions, as well as MPO activity, in activated human neutrophils. Treatment with rutin may be considered as a therapeutic strategy for neutrophil-mediated inflammatory/ autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Abd Nikfarjam
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Immunology, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mohtaram Adineh
- Department of Immunology, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Farid Hajiali
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Marjan Nassiri-Asl
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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Wang W, Wu QH, Sui Y, Wang Y, Qiu X. Rutin protects endothelial dysfunction by disturbing Nox4 and ROS-sensitive NLRP3 inflammasome. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 86:32-40. [PMID: 27936392 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.11.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
High glucose induced endothelial dysfunction is blamed for initiation of vascular complication in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Rutin has been described in possessing comprehensive pharmacological activities, but the mechanism involved in endothelial protection through regulating oxidative stress and damage is still ambiguous. In the present study, rutin was evaluated in high glucose stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and high glucose diet-treated SD rats were applied to explored the molecular mechanism in rutin counteracting oxidative stress and damage. Firstly, 30 and 100μM rutin effectively increased HUVECs viability in high glucose challenge. Then we found that rutin could dose-dependently reduced high glucose mediated mRNA and protein expressions of Nox4. With Nox4 and Nox2 inhibitors, we further confirm that Nox4, but not Nox2, was responsible for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in high glucose environment. Moreover, rutin and Nox4 inhibitor significantly ameliorated ROS generation and TXNIP, NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β proteins expression in vivo. Furthermore, rutin substantially recovered nitric oxide production in HUVECs under high glucose condition. However, rutin could not inhibited inflammasome protein expressions and improved nitric oxide production in Nox4-overexpressed HUVECs under high glucose challenges. Finally, we found that rutin restored phenylephrine-mediated contractions and acetylcholine induced relaxations in aortic tissue of high glucose diet treated rats. In vitro, expressions of TXNIP, NLRP3, and caspase-1 in aortic tissue of high glucose diet treated rats were decreased under rutin administration. In summary, rutin may protect endothelial dysfunction through inhibiting Nox4 responsive oxidative stress and ROS-sensitive NLRP3 signaling pathway under high glucose stress both in vivo and vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Zaozhuang, Zaozhuang, 277100, China
| | - Qiu-Hong Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Zaozhuang, Zaozhuang, 277100, China
| | - Yong Sui
- Department of Pharmacy, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Zaozhuang, Zaozhuang, 277100, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Zaozhuang, Zaozhuang, 277100, China
| | - Xin Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Zaozhuang, Zaozhuang, 277100, China.
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Rigano MM, Raiola A, Docimo T, Ruggieri V, Calafiore R, Vitaglione P, Ferracane R, Frusciante L, Barone A. Metabolic and Molecular Changes of the Phenylpropanoid Pathway in Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum) Lines Carrying Different Solanum pennellii Wild Chromosomal Regions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1484. [PMID: 27757117 PMCID: PMC5047917 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Solanum lycopersicum represents an important dietary source of bioactive compounds including the antioxidants flavonoids and phenolic acids. We previously identified two genotypes (IL7-3 and IL12-4) carrying loci from the wild species Solanum pennellii, which increased antioxidants in the fruit. Successively, these lines were crossed and two genotypes carrying both introgressions at the homozygous condition (DHO88 and DHO88-SL) were selected. The amount of total antioxidant compounds was increased in DHOs compared to both ILs and the control genotype M82. In order to understand the genetic mechanisms underlying the positive interaction between the two wild regions pyramided in DHO genotypes, detailed analyses of the metabolites accumulated in the fruit were carried out by colorimetric methods and LC/MS/MS. These analyses evidenced a lower content of flavonoids in DHOs and in ILs, compared to M82. By contrast, in the DHOs the relative content of phenolic acids increased, particularly the fraction of hexoses, thus evidencing a redirection of the phenylpropanoid flux toward the biosynthesis of phenolic acid glycosides in these genotypes. In addition, the line DHO88 exhibited a lower content of free phenolic acids compared to M82. Interestingly, the two DHOs analyzed differ in the size of the wild region on chromosome 12. Genes mapping in the introgression regions were further investigated. Several genes of the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway were identified, such as one 4-coumarate:CoA ligase and two UDP-glycosyltransferases in the region 12-4 and one chalcone isomerase and one UDP-glycosyltransferase in the region 7-3. Transcriptomic analyses demonstrated a different expression of the detected genes in the ILs and in the DHOs compared to M82. These analyses, combined with biochemical analyses, suggested a central role of the 4-coumarate:CoA ligase in redirecting the phenylpropanoid pathways toward the biosynthesis of phenolic acids in the pyramided lines. Moreover, analyses here carried out suggest the presence in the introgression regions of novel regulatory proteins, such as one Myb4 detected on chromosome 7 and one bHLH detected in chromosome 12. Overall our data indicate that structural and regulatory genes identified in this study might have a key role for the manipulation of the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway in tomato fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Manuela Rigano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Assunta Raiola
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Teresa Docimo
- Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse, UOS Portici, Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheNaples, Italy
| | - Valentino Ruggieri
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Roberta Calafiore
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Paola Vitaglione
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Rosalia Ferracane
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Luigi Frusciante
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
| | - Amalia Barone
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico IINaples, Italy
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Benso B, Franchin M, Massarioli AP, Paschoal JAR, Alencar SM, Franco GCN, Rosalen PL. Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Osteoclastogenic and Antioxidant Effects of Malva sylvestris Extract and Fractions: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162728. [PMID: 27643502 PMCID: PMC5028055 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Given their medical importance, natural products represent a tremendous source of drug discovery. The aim of this study was to investigate Malva sylvestris L. extract and fractions and their pharmacological activities followed by chemical identification. The aqueous fraction (AF) was identified as the bioactive fraction in the in vitro and in vivo assays. The AF controlled the neutrophil migration to the peritoneal cavity by 66%, inhibited the antiedematogenic activity by 58.8%, and controlled IL-1β cytokine expression by 54%. The in vitro viability tests showed a concentration-dependent effect, where the MSE and fractions at concentrations under 10 μg/mL were non-toxic to cells. Transcriptional factors of carbonic anhydrase II (CAII), cathepsin K (Ctsk) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) were analyzed by qPCR in RAW 264.7 cell lines. The gene expression analysis showed that the AF was the only treatment that could downregulate all the study genes: CAII, Ctsk and TRAP (p<0.05). TRAP staining was used to evaluate osteoclast formation. AF treatments reduced the number of osteoclastogenesis 2.6-fold compared to the vehicle control group. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) activity decreased 75% with the AF treatment. Moreover, the bioactive fraction had the ability to regulate the oxidation pathway in the ABTS (2,2-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay with an activity equivalent to 1.30 μmol Trolox/g and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radicals 1.01 g/L. Positive ion ESI-mass spectrometry for molecular ions at m/z 611 and 633 confirmed rutin as the major compound in the AF. The AF of M. sylvestris presented anti-inflammatory, controlled osteoclastogenic mechanisms and antioxidant abilities in different in vitro and in vivo methods. In addition, we suggest that given its multi-target activity the bioactive fraction may be a good candidate in the therapy of chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Benso
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- * E-mail: (PLR); (BB)
| | - Marcelo Franchin
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Adna Prado Massarioli
- Department of Agri-food Industry, Food and Nutrition, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Jonas Augusto Rizzato Paschoal
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Riberao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Severino Matias Alencar
- Department of Agri-food Industry, Food and Nutrition, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Gilson Cesar Nobre Franco
- Department of General Biology, Laboratory of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Pedro Luiz Rosalen
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail: (PLR); (BB)
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Zhao J, Liu T, Xu F, You S, Xu F, Li C, Gu Z. Anti-arthritic Effects of Total Flavonoids from Juniperus sabina on Complete Freund's Adjuvant Induced Arthritis in Rats. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:178-83. [PMID: 27601846 PMCID: PMC4989791 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.186346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Twigs and leaves of Juniperus sabina L. have been traditionally used as the medicinal herb in China for the treatment of many ailments including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Aims: To confirm the therapeutic effect of total flavonoids from J. sabina (JSTF) on RA-induced by Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) in rats. Settings and Design: Wistar rats (200 ± 20 g) were immunized by intradermal injection of 0.1 mL of CFA into the right hind metatarsal footpad. JSTF was administered orally at the dose of 125,250 and 500 mg/kg on 14 days after the induction of adjuvant arthritis. Tripterygium glycoside (20 mg/kg) was used as a positive control. Paw swelling, arthritic score, body weight loss, serum cytokines, inflammatory mediators, and histological change were measured. Results: We found that JSTF could ameliorate paw swelling of CFA rats, and significantly inhibit arthritic score (P < 0.05). The overproduction of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1beta were remarkably suppressed in the serum of JSTF (125,500 mg/kg) treated rats (P < 0.05). Histopathological studies also showed a marked decrease of synovial inflammatory infiltration and synovial lining hyperplasia in the joints of JSTF-treated animals. Six flavonoids were isolated and from JSTF by various chromatographic methods and identified as follows: Catechin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, isoscutellarein 7-O-β-D-xylopyranoside, isoscutellarein 7-O-β-D-xylopyranose-(1 → 3)-α-L-rhamnoside, and rutin. Conclusions: These results suggest the potential therapeutically effect of JSTF as an anti-arthritis agent toward CFA-induced arthritis in rats, and verified therapeutic applications of J. sabina on RA in folk medicine. SUMMARY Twigs and leaves of Juniperus sabina L. have been traditionally used as the medicinal herb in China for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis JSTF could ameliorate paw swelling of CFA rats, and significantly inhibit arthritic score Histopathological studies showed a marked decrease of synovial inflammatory infiltration and synovial lining hyperplasia in the joints of JSTF-treated animals Six flavonoids were isolated and from JSTF including: Catechin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, isoscutellarein 7-O-β-D-xylopyranoside, isoscutellarein 7-O-β-D-xylopyranose-(1 → 3)-α-L- rhamnoside, and rutin.
Abbreviations used: JSTF: Total flavonoids from Juniperus sabina; CFA: Complete Freund's Adjuvant; TG: Tripterygium glycoside; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor alpha; IL-1β: Interleukin 1beta; IL-6: Interleukin 6; H and E: Hematoxylin and eosin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory Uighur Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica of Xinjiang, Urumqi, 830004, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Shuping You
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory Uighur Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica of Xinjiang, Urumqi, 830004, China
| | - Chenyang Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory Uighur Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica of Xinjiang, Urumqi, 830004, China
| | - Zhengyi Gu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory Uighur Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica of Xinjiang, Urumqi, 830004, China
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Rutin Attenuates Hepatotoxicity in High-Cholesterol-Diet-Fed Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:5436745. [PMID: 27239252 PMCID: PMC4863108 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5436745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective. High-cholesterol diet (HCD) intends to increase the oxidative stress in liver tissues inducing hepatotoxicity. Rutin is a natural flavonoid (vitamin p) which is known to have antioxidative properties. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential effects of Rutin on hypercholesterolemia-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: G-I control, G-II Rutin, G-III HCD, and G-IV Rutin + HCD. The liver functions and lipid profile were used to evaluate the HCD-induced hepatotoxicity. Quantitative real time-PCR was carried out to evaluate the expression levels of genes in TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Results. Rutin in combination with HCD showed a significant protective effect against hepatotoxicity. HCD caused significant increase in the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 2 (Smad-2), Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 4 (Smad-4), Bcl-2-binding component 3 (Bbc3), caspase-3, P53 and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and decrease in the expression levels of Cyclin depended kinase inhibitor (P21) and Interleukin-3 (IL-3) in hepatic cells. Conclusion. TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway is involved in HCD-induced hepatotoxicity and Rutin inhibits the hepatotoxicity via suppressing this pathway. Therefore, Rutin might be considered as a protective agent for hepatotoxicity.
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Raiola A, Del Giudice R, Monti DM, Tenore GC, Barone A, Rigano MM. Bioactive Compound Content and Cytotoxic Effect on Human Cancer Cells of Fresh and Processed Yellow Tomatoes. Molecules 2015; 21:E33. [PMID: 26712729 PMCID: PMC6274111 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato, as a fresh or processed product, has a high nutritional value due to its content of bioactive components such as phenolic compounds. Few studies describe the effect of processing on antioxidant content and the cancer cell growth inhibition activity. In this study we determined the phenolic and ascorbic acid content of three yellow tomato varieties, before and after thermal processing. Moreover, we determined the antioxidative power and tested the effects of tomato extracts on three human cancer cell lines. We found that the amount of phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid) decreased in all the samples after processing, whereas the flavonoid content increased after the heat treatment in two samples. A cytotoxic effect of tomato extracts was observed only after processing. This result well correlates with the flavonoid content after processing and clearly indicates that processed yellow tomatoes have a high content of bioactive compounds endowed with cytotoxicity towards cancer cells, thus opening the way to obtain tomato-based functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta Raiola
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici (Naples), Italy.
| | - Rita Del Giudice
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Daria Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Gian Carlo Tenore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Amalia Barone
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici (Naples), Italy.
| | - Maria Manuela Rigano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici (Naples), Italy.
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Lü S, Wang Q, Li G, Sun S, Guo Y, Kuang H. The treatment of rheumatoid arthritis using Chinese medicinal plants: From pharmacology to potential molecular mechanisms. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 176:177-206. [PMID: 26471289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common worldwide public health problem. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) achieved some results to some extent in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Especially in China, TCM formulas are used in the clinic because of their advantages. Some of these TCM formulas have been used for thousands of years in ancient China, they pays much attention to strengthening healthy qi, cleaning heat, and wet, activating blood, etc. So TCM in anti-RA drug is considered as a simple and effective method. In addition, TCM are also traditionally used as extracts and many Chinese herbs which are considered to be effective for RA. With the advancement of technologies and research methods, researchers have devoted themselves to exploring new therapeutic materials from troves of TCM. The components of TCM are identified and purified, which include alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, saponins and so on. However, little or no review works are found in the research literature on the anti-RA drugs from TCM. The present review aims to provide systematically reorganized information on the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of TCM used traditionally against RA. The information recorded in this review will provide new directions for researchers in the future. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant scientific literatures were collected from Chinese traditional books and Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Several important pharmacology data, clinical observations, animal experiments on effects of anti-RA drugs from TCM and their mechanisms were extracted from a library and electric search (Pubmed, PubChem Compound, Science Direct, Spring Link, Elsevier, Web of Science, CNKI, Wan Fang, Bai du, The Plant List, etc.). We collected information published between 2002 and 2015 on Chinese medicine in the treatment of RA. Information was also acquired from local classic herbal literature, conference papers, government reports, and PhD and MSc dissertations. RESULTS This review mainly introduces the current research on anti-RA TCM formulas, extracts and compounds from TCM, pharmacological data and potential mechanisms (inhibit osteoclast proliferation, suppress fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) growth, decrease the expression of inflammatory cytokines, blocking signal pathways, etc.). CONCLUSIONS TCM, as a multi-component and multi-target approach, which is a perfect match with the holistic concept of systems biology, is applicable in the treatment of RA. The synergistic connections of Chinese herbs and mechanisms of related active compounds on RA increase the trust for TCM. TCM as alternative remedies for RA not only has an important position in the world market, but also has an irreplaceable role in the treatment of RA in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowa Lü
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Qiushi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Guoyu Li
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Shuang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yuyan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
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Rigano MM, Raiola A, Tenore GC, Monti DM, Del Giudice R, Frusciante L, Barone A. Quantitative Trait Loci Pyramiding Can Improve the Nutritional Potential of Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum) Fruits. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:11519-27. [PMID: 25369113 DOI: 10.1021/jf502573n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Manuela Rigano
- Department
of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via
Università 100, 80055 Portici (Naples), Italy
| | - Assunta Raiola
- Department
of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via
Università 100, 80055 Portici (Naples), Italy
| | - Gian Carlo Tenore
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano
49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Daria Maria Monti
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario M.S.Angelo, via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Del Giudice
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario M.S.Angelo, via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Frusciante
- Department
of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via
Università 100, 80055 Portici (Naples), Italy
| | - Amalia Barone
- Department
of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via
Università 100, 80055 Portici (Naples), Italy
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Role of rutin on nitric oxide synthesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:169370. [PMID: 25093198 PMCID: PMC4095739 DOI: 10.1155/2014/169370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), produced by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), is a major antiatherogenic factor in the blood vessel. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis. Decreased availability of endothelial NO promotes the progression of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Rutin is a flavonoid with multiple cardiovascular protective effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of rutin on eNOS and NO production in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). HUVEC were divided into four groups: control; oxidative stress induction with 180 μM H2O2; treatment with 300 μM rutin; and concomitant induction with rutin and H2O2 for 24 hours. HUVEC treated with rutin produced higher amount of NO compared to control (P < 0.01). In the oxidative stress-induced HUVEC, rutin successfully induced cells' NO production (P < 0.01). Rutin promoted NO production in HUVEC by inducing eNOS gene expression (P < 0.05), eNOS protein synthesis (P < 0.01), and eNOS activity (P < 0.05). Treatment with rutin also led to increased gene and protein expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in HUVEC. Therefore, upregulation of eNOS expression by rutin may be mediated by bFGF. The results showed that rutin may improve endothelial function by augmenting NO production in human endothelial cells.
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Raiola A, Rigano MM, Calafiore R, Frusciante L, Barone A. Enhancing the health-promoting effects of tomato fruit for biofortified food. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:139873. [PMID: 24744504 PMCID: PMC3972926 DOI: 10.1155/2014/139873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of tomato fruits, like those of many other plant species that are part of the human diet, is considered to be associated with several positive effects on health. Indeed, tomato fruits are an important source of bioactive compounds with known beneficial effects including vitamins, antioxidants, and anticancer substances. In particular, antioxidant metabolites are a group of vitamins, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and phenolic acid that can provide effective protection by neutralizing free radicals, which are unstable molecules linked to the development of a number of degenerative diseases and conditions. In this review, we will summarize the recent progress on tomatoes nutritional importance and mechanisms of action of different phytochemicals against inflammation processes and prevention of chronic noncommunicable diseases (e.g., obesity, diabetes, coronary heart disease, and hypertension). In addition, we will summarize the significant progress recently made to improve the nutritional quality of tomato fruits through metabolic engineering and/or breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta Raiola
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Manuela Rigano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Calafiore
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Frusciante
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Amalia Barone
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy
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Mossalayi MD, Rambert J, Renouf E, Micouleau M, Mérillon JM. Grape polyphenols and propolis mixture inhibits inflammatory mediator release from human leukocytes and reduces clinical scores in experimental arthritis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 21:290-297. [PMID: 24055518 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols from red fruits and bee-derived propolis (PR) are bioactive natural products in various in vitro and in vivo models. The present study shows that hematotoxicity-free doses of grape polyphenols (GPE) and PR differentially decreased the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines from activated human peripheral blood leucocytes. While GPE inhibited the monocytes/macrophage response, propolis decreased both monokines and interferon γ (IFNγ) production. When used together, their distinct effects lead to the attenuation of all inflammatory mediators, as supported by a significant modulation of the transcriptomic profile of pro-inflammatory genes in human leukocytes. To enforce in vitro data, GPE+PR were tested for their ability to improve clinical scores and cachexia in chronic rat adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA). Extracts significantly reduced arthritis scores and cachexia, and this effect was more significant in animals receiving continuous low doses compared to those receiving five different high doses. Animals treated daily had significantly better clinical scores than corticoid-treated rats. Together, these findings indicate that the GPE+PR combination induces potent anti-inflammatory activity due to their complementary immune cell modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Mossalayi
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, INSERM U1035, Faculté de Pharmacie, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - J Rambert
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, INSERM U1035, Faculté de Pharmacie, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - E Renouf
- Univ. de Bordeaux, ISVV, Polyphénols Biotech, Groupe d'Etude des Substances Végétales à Activité Biologique, EA 3675, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - M Micouleau
- Univ. de Bordeaux, ISVV, Polyphénols Biotech, Groupe d'Etude des Substances Végétales à Activité Biologique, EA 3675, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - J M Mérillon
- Univ. de Bordeaux, ISVV, Polyphénols Biotech, Groupe d'Etude des Substances Végétales à Activité Biologique, EA 3675, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France.
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Chua LS. A review on plant-based rutin extraction methods and its pharmacological activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 150:805-17. [PMID: 24184193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rutin is a common dietary flavonoid that is widely consumed from plant-derived beverages and foods as traditional and folkloric medicine worldwide. Rutin is believed to exhibit significant pharmacological activities, including anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-diabetic, anti-adipogenic, neuroprotective and hormone therapy. Till date, over 130 registered therapeutic medicinal preparations are containing rutin in their formulations. This article aims to critically review the extraction methods for plant-based rutin and its pharmacological activities. This review provides comprehensive data on the performance of rutin extraction methods and the extent of its pharmacological activities using various in vitro and in vivo experimental models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literatures including journals, patents, books and leaflets reporting on rutin from natural resources are systematically reviewed, particularly in the aspect of its extraction methods and biological activities. Factors affecting the efficiency of rutin extraction such as extraction temperature, duration and solvent to sample ratio are presented based on the findings of previous studies. The observed biological activities followed by clear explanation are also provided accordingly. RESULTS The biological activities of rutin varied largely dependent on the geographical and plant origins. The complexity of natural rutin has impeded the development of rutin derived drugs. The detail mechanism of rutin in human body after consumption is still unclear. Therefore, studies are intensively carried out both in vitro and in vivo for the better understanding of the underlying mechanism. The studies are not limited to the pharmacological properties, but also on the extraction methods of rutin. Many studies have focused on the optimization of extraction method to increase the extraction yield of rutin. Currently, the performances of modern extraction approaches have also been compared to the conventional heat reflux method as a benchmark. CONCLUSION There are various extraction methods for plant-based rutin ranging from conventional method up to the use of modern techniques such as ultrasound, mechanochemical, microwave, infrared and pressurized assisted methods. However, proper comparison between the methods is very difficult because of the variance in plant origin and extraction conditions. It is important to optimize the extraction method in order to produce high yield and acceptable purity of rutin with a reasonable cost. Even though rutin has been proven to be effective in numerous pharmacological activities, the dosage and toxicity of rutin for such activities are still unknown. Future research should relate the dosage and toxicity of rutin for the ethnobotanical claims based on the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Suan Chua
- Metabolites Profiling Laboratory, Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
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Al-Rejaie SS, Aleisa AM, Sayed-Ahmed MM, AL-Shabanah OA, Abuohashish HM, Ahmed MM, Al-Hosaini KA, Hafez MM. Protective effect of rutin on the antioxidant genes expression in hypercholestrolemic male Westar rat. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 13:136. [PMID: 23773725 PMCID: PMC3717094 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background High-cholesterol diet (HCD) increases the oxidative stress in different tissues leading to many diseases. Rutin (RT) is a natural flavonoid (vitamin p), which possesses an antioxidant activity with protective potential. The present study aimed to examine the potential effects of rutin on hypercholesterolemia-induced hepatotoxicity in rat. Methods Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: GI) control (Rat chow), GII) Rutin (0.2% in rat chow), GIII) HCD (1% cholesterol and 0.5% cholic acid in rat chow) and GIV) rutin (0.2%) + HCD. Results Rutin in combination with HCD induced a significant protective effect against the hepatotoxicity by reducing the plasma level of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The HCD (GII) showed a decrease in glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and increase in glutathione S transferase α (GSTα), sulfiredoxin-1(Srx1), glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL) and paraoxonase-1(PON-1) genes expression levels. Conclusion Treatment with rutin reversed all the altered genes induced by HCD nearly to the control levels. The present study concluded that the HCD feedings altered the expression levels of some genes involved in the oxidative stress pathway resulting in DNA damage and hepatotoxicity. Rutin have a hepatoprotective effect through the mechanism of enhancing the antioxidant effect via amelioration of oxidative stress genes.
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Protective effect of rutin in attenuation of collagen-induced arthritis in Wistar rat by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress. INDIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.injr.2012.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Ramos-Romero S, Pérez-Cano FJ, Ramiro-Puig E, Franch A, Castell M. Cocoa intake attenuates oxidative stress associated with rat adjuvant arthritis. Pharmacol Res 2012; 66:207-12. [PMID: 22728690 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cocoa contains flavonoids with antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to ascertain the effect of cocoa intake on oxidative stress associated with a model of chronic inflammation such as adjuvant arthritis. Female Wistar rats were fed with a 5% or 10% cocoa-enriched diet or were given p.o. a quercetin suspension every other day for 10 days. Arthritis was induced by a heat-killed Mycobacterium butyricum suspension. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by macrophages, and splenic superoxide dismutase (total, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial) and catalase activities were determined. Clinically, joint swelling in arthritic rats was not reduced by antioxidants; however, the 5% cocoa diet and quercetin administration reduced ROS production. Moreover, the 5% cocoa diet normalized the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. In conclusion, a cocoa diet reduces the oxidative stress associated with a chronic inflammatory pathology, although it was not enough to attenuate joint swelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ramos-Romero
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
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Antirheumatoid Arthritis Activities and Chemical Compositions of Phenolic Compounds-Rich Fraction from Urtica atrichocaulis, an Endemic Plant to China. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2012:818230. [PMID: 21904564 PMCID: PMC3166763 DOI: 10.1155/2012/818230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Urtica atrichocaulis, an endemic plant to China, is commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis even though its pharmaceutical activities and chemical constituents were not studied. Herein, we reported our investigations on the chemical compositions of the phenolic compounds-rich fraction from U. atrichocaulis (TFUA) and their antirheumatoid arthritis activities. We found that the TFUA significantly inhibited the adjuvant-induced rats arthritis, carrageenin-induced rats paw edema, cotton pellet-induced mice granuloma, and the acetic acid-induced mice writhing response. Our phytochemical investigations on the TFUA resulted in the first-time isolation and identification of 17 phenolic constituents and a bis (5-formylfurfuryl) ether. The extensive HPLC analysis also revealed the chemical compositions of TFUA. Our further biological evaluation of the main phenolic components, individually and collectively, indicated that the antirheumatoid arthritis activities of TFUA were the combined effect of multiple phenolic constituents.
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González R, Ballester I, López-Posadas R, Suárez MD, Zarzuelo A, Martínez-Augustin O, Sánchez de Medina F. Effects of flavonoids and other polyphenols on inflammation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2011; 51:331-62. [PMID: 21432698 DOI: 10.1080/10408390903584094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 345] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a family of polyphenolic compounds which are widespread in nature (vegetables) and are consumed as part of the human diet in significant amounts. There are other types of polyphenols, including, for example, tannins and resveratrol. Flavonoids and related polyphenolic compounds have significant antiinflammatory activity, among others. This short review summarizes the current knowledge on the effects of flavonoids and related polyphenolic compounds on inflammation, with a focus on structural requirements, the mechanisms involved, and pharmacokinetic considerations. Different molecular (cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase) and cellular targets (macrophages, lymphocytes, epithelial cells, endothelium) have been identified. In addition, many flavonoids display significant antioxidant/radical scavenging properties. There is substantial structural variation in these compounds, which is bound to have an impact on their biological profile, and specifically on their effects on inflammatory conditions. However, in general terms there is substantial consistency in the effects of these compounds despite considerable structural variations. The mechanisms have been studied mainly in myeloid cells, where the predominant effect is an inhibition of NF-κB signaling and the downregulation of the expression of proinflammatory markers. At present there is a gap in knowledge of in vitro and in vivo effects, although the pharmacokinetics of flavonoids has advanced considerably in the last decade. Many flavonoids have been studied for their intestinal antiinflammatory activity which is only logical, since the gastrointestinal tract is naturally exposed to them. However, their potential therapeutic application in inflammation is not restricted to this organ and extends to other sites and conditions, including arthritis, asthma, encephalomyelitis, and atherosclerosis, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- R González
- Department of Pharmacology, CIBERehd, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Panchal SK, Poudyal H, Arumugam TV, Brown L. Rutin attenuates metabolic changes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and cardiovascular remodeling in high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet-fed rats. J Nutr 2011; 141:1062-9. [PMID: 21508207 DOI: 10.3945/jn.111.137877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (obesity, diabetes, and hypertension) increases hepatic and cardiovascular damage. This study investigated preventive or reversal responses to rutin in high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet-fed rats as a model of metabolic syndrome. Rats were divided into 6 groups: 2 groups were fed a corn starch-rich diet for 8 or 16 wk, 2 groups were fed a high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet for 8 or 16 wk, and 2 groups received rutin (1.6 g/kg diet) in either diet for the last 8 wk only of the 16-wk protocol. Metabolic changes and hepatic and cardiovascular structure and function were then evaluated in these rats. The corn starch-rich diet contained 68% carbohydrate (mainly cornstarch) and 0.7% fat, whereas the high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet contained 50% carbohydrate (mainly fructose) and 24% fat (mainly beef tallow) along with 25% fructose in drinking water (total 68% carbohydrate using mean food and water intakes). The high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet produced obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, hepatic steatosis, infiltration of inflammatory cells in the liver and the heart, higher cardiac stiffness, endothelial dysfunction, and higher plasma markers of oxidative stress with lower expression of markers for oxidative stress and apoptosis in the liver. Rutin reversed or prevented metabolic changes such as abdominal fat pads and glucose tolerance, reversed or prevented changes in hepatic and cardiovascular structure and function, reversed oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver and heart, and normalized expression of liver markers. These results suggest a non-nutritive role for rutin to attenuate chronic changes in metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K Panchal
- Department of Biological and Physical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
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Gong G, Qin Y, Huang W, Zhou S, Yang X, Li D. Rutin inhibits hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis through regulating reactive oxygen species mediated mitochondrial dysfunction pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 628:27-35. [PMID: 19931526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2009] [Revised: 11/05/2009] [Accepted: 11/05/2009] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis of human vein endothelium cell caused by reactive oxygen species is implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Rutin, an active flavonoid compound, is well known to possess potent antioxidant properties against oxidative stress insults through undefined mechanism(s). In this study, we first investigated the possible protective effects of rutin against apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and the associated signaling pathways. Decreased viability and increased apoptosis were observed in the HUVECs incubated with 200microM H(2)O(2) for 12h. By examining the effect of rutin on H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis in HUVECs, we found that rutin pretreatment significantly attenuated H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis in HUVECs. We next examined the signaling involved in rutin-mediated anti-apoptotic effects. It was found that rutin pretreatment attenuated excessive reactive oxygen species in HUVECs exposed to H(2)O(2). Rutin also prevented the increased DNA fragment formation and glutathione (GSH) depletion and inhibited the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potentials (DeltaPsim) that occurred in HUVECs exposed to H(2)O(2), which protected HUVECs against oxidative damage and the further mitochondrial membrane integrity impairment, leading to apoptosis. In conclusion, the results suggested that rutin (50microM) blocked apoptosis in HUVECs through decreasing reactive oxygen species, increasing GSH, restoring DeltaPsim and thus protecting DNA damage. Our research indicated that rutin protected the intracellular GSH antioxidant system and prevented H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis of HUVECs through regulating reactive oxygen species mediated mitochondrial dysfunction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Gong
- Institute for Nanobiomedical Technology and Membrane Biology, State Key Lab of Biotherapy of Human Diseases, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Sichuan, PR China
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Jeong HG, Pokharel YR, Lim SC, Hwang YP, Han EH, Yoon JH, Ahn SG, Lee KY, Kang KW. Novel role of Pin1 induction in type II collagen-mediated rheumatoid arthritis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2009; 183:6689-97. [PMID: 19846884 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation in joints and subsequent destruction of cartilage and bone. Inflammatory mediators such as PGs and proinflammatory cytokines contribute to RA progress. Pin1, a peptidyl prolyl isomerase, plays important pathophysiological roles in several diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration. We found that both Pin1 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were highly expressed in ankle tissues of type II collagen-induced RA mice. HTB-94 cells overexpressing Pin1 and primary cultured human chondrocytes showed increased basal expression of proinflammatory proteins (COX-2, inducible NO synthase, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta). Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that Pin1-mediated transcriptional activation of COX-2 was coordinately regulated by NF-kappaB, CREB, and C/EBP. Gel shift, reporter gene, and Western blot analyses confirmed that NF-kappaB, CREB, and C/EBP were consistently activated in chondrocytes overexpressing Pin1. Treatment of RA mice with juglone, a chemical inhibitor of Pin1, significantly reduced RA progress and COX-2 expression in the ankle tissues. Moreover, juglone dose dependently decreased the basal COX-2 expression in primary cultured chondrocytes from RA patients. These results demonstrate that Pin1 induction during RA progress stimulates proinflammatory protein expression by activating NF-kappaB, CREB, and C/EBP, and suggest that Pin1 is a potential therapeutic target of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Gwang Jeong
- BK21 Project Team, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Larrosa M, Luceri C, Vivoli E, Pagliuca C, Lodovici M, Moneti G, Dolara P. Polyphenol metabolites from colonic microbiota exert anti-inflammatory activity on different inflammation models. Mol Nutr Food Res 2009; 53:1044-54. [PMID: 19557820 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200800446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The polyphenols in fruits and vegetables may be partly responsible for the health-promoting effects attributed to fruit and vegetable intake. Although their properties have been relatively well studied, the activity of their metabolites, produced after ingestion, has been poorly investigated. Thus, the aim of this work was to study the potential anti-inflammatory effect of 18 polyphenol metabolites, derived from colon microbiota. They were screened by measuring prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production by CCD-18 colon fibroblast cells stimulated with IL-1beta. Metabolites that inhibited more than 50% PGE(2) production were hydrocaffeic (HCAF), dihydroxyphenyl acetic (dOHPA), and hydroferulic acid (HFER), that subsequently were tested with the writhing and paw pressure test in rodents where all three compounds showed an anti-inflammatory effect. The effect of HCAF administered orally (50 mg/kg) was also tested in the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis model. Weight loss and fecal water content were more pronounced in DSS rats than in DSS-HCAF treated rats. HCAF treatment diminished the expression of the cytokines IL-1beta, IL-8, and TNF-alpha, reduced malonyldialdehyde (MDA) levels and oxidative DNA damage (measured as 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine levels) in distal colon mucosa. These results indicate that HCAF, dOHPA, and HFER have anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Larrosa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy.
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