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Rosenberg V, Chodick G, Xue Z, Faccin F, Amital H. Real-World Data of Adherence and Drug Survival of Biologics in Treatment-Naïve and Treatment-experienced Adult Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Adv Ther 2023; 40:4504-4522. [PMID: 37566157 PMCID: PMC10499743 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02607-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatics drugs (bDMARDs) and targeted synthetic DMARDs (tsDMARDs) are important treatments for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). As more of these drugs become available, there is a greater need to assess their real-world adherence and drug survival. METHODS Treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced patients with RA who initiated treatment with bDMARDs and tofactinib during 2015-2018 in a large Israeli health maintenance organization were included. Adherence and time to treatment suspension were recorded. Odds for adherence were estimated using a multivariable logistic regression model. Risk for treatment suspension was estimated using a mixed-effect Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS The analysis included 753 eligible patients (61.8% treatment-naïve) treated with 1287 treatment episodes (tofacitinib 24.2%, tocilizumab 17.5%, etanercept 16.0%, adalimumab 10.4%, abatacept 9.9%, rituximab 9.0%, golimumab 6.9%, certolizumab pegol 3.6%, infliximab 1.9%, and sarilumab 0.5%). Good adherence was measured for almost all drugs, yet over 50% of all treatment episodes were suspended. Older age was associated with reduced risk for treatment suspension while higher number of primary care visits and higher Charlson's comorbidity score were associated with increased risk. Compared to etanercept, treatment with adalimumab, certolizumab, or rituximab was associated with increased risk for treatment suspension (HR 1.68 95% CI 1.27-2.22, HR 1.62 95% CI 1.00-2.60, and HR 2.72 95% CI 2.02-3.67, respectively). CONCLUSION Treatment choice primarily depends on disease activity and prognosis. Real-world data, showing differences in drug survival of bDMARDs and tsDMARD, can also be used in the variety of considerations when choosing treatment. Future studies could separate patients with RA into subgroups, which would also account for potential drug survival differences and enable personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vered Rosenberg
- Maccabi Institute for Research and Innovation, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gabriel Chodick
- Maccabi Institute for Research and Innovation, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | | | - Howard Amital
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Department of Medicine 'B' and Zabludowicz Center of Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel.
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Md Yusof MY, Arnold J, Saleem B, Vandevelde C, Dass S, Savic S, Vital EM, Emery P. Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections and prediction of moderate-to-severe outcomes during rituximab therapy in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases in the UK: a single-centre cohort study. THE LANCET. RHEUMATOLOGY 2023; 5:e88-e98. [PMID: 36712951 PMCID: PMC9873269 DOI: 10.1016/s2665-9913(23)00004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Concerns have been raised regarding the reduced immunogenicity of vaccines against COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune diseases treated with rituximab. However, the incidence and severity of breakthrough infections in unbiased samples of patients with specific rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases are largely unknown. We aimed to assess the incidence of breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection, compare rates of moderate-to-severe COVID-19 with any severe infection event, and evaluate predictors of moderate-to-severe COVID-19 outcomes in patients treated with rituximab. Methods We did a retrospective cohort study in all rituximab-treated patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases in a single centre in Leeds, UK between March 1, 2020 (the index date), and April 1, 2022. Adults aged 18 years and older, who fulfilled classification criteria for established rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases, and received therapy with at least one rituximab infusion between Sept 1, 2019 (6 months before the pandemic in the UK), and April 1, 2022, were eligible for inclusion in the study. SARS-CoV-2 infection was defined by antigen test or PCR. COVID-19 outcomes were categorised as mild (from ambulatory to hospitalised but not requiring oxygen support) or moderate-to-severe (hospitalised and requiring oxygen support or death). The primary outcome was breakthrough COVID-19 infection, which was defined as an infection occurring 14 days or more after the second vaccine dose. Predictors of moderate-to-severe COVID-19 outcomes were analysed using Cox regression proportional hazards. Findings Of the 1280 patients who were treated with at least one cycle of rituximab since Jan 1, 2002, 485 (38%) remained on rituximab therapy on April 1, 2022. Of these patients, 400 fulfilled all inclusion criteria and were included in our final analysis. The mean age at the index date was 58·9 years (SD 14·6), 288 (72%) of 400 patients were female and 112 (28%) were male, 333 (83%) were White, and 110 (28%) had two or more comorbidities. 272 (68%) of 400 patients had rheumatoid arthritis, 48 (12%) had systemic lupus erythematosus, 48 (12%) had anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, and 46 (12%) had other rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. During the study, 798 rituximab cycles were administered. Of the 398 (>99%) of 400 patients with vaccine data, 372 (93%) were fully vaccinated. Over the 774·6 patient-years of follow-up, there was an incremental increase in all SARS-CoV-2 severity types over the three pandemic phases (wild-type or alpha, delta, and omicron), but most infections were mild. The rates of moderate-to-severe COVID-19 were broadly similar across these three variant phases. Of 370 patients who were fully vaccinated and with complete data, 110 (30%) had all severity type breakthrough COVID-19, 16 (4%) had moderate-to-severe breakthrough COVID-19, and one (<1%) died. In the post-vaccination phase (after Dec 18, 2020), the incidence rates of all severity type and moderate-to-severe COVID-19 were substantially lower in those who were fully vaccinated compared with unvaccinated or partially vaccinated individuals (22·83 per 100 person-years [95% CI 18·94-27·52] in those who were fully vaccinated vs 89·46 per 100 person-years [52·98-151·05] in those who were partially vaccinated or unvaccinated for infections of all severities, and 3·32 per 100 person-years [2·03-5·42] in those who were fully vaccinated vs 25·56 per 100 person-years [9·59-68·10] in those who were partially vaccinated or unvaccinated for moderate-to-severe infections). The rate of moderate-to-severe COVID-19 was broadly similar to other severe infection events in this cohort (5·68 per 100 person-years [95% CI 4·22-7·63]). In multivariable Cox regression analysis, factors associated with an increased risk of moderate-to-severe COVID-19 were the number of comorbidities (hazard ratio 1·46 [95% CI 1·13-1·89]; p=0·0037) and hypogammaglobulinaemia (defined by a pre-rituximab IgG concentration of <6 g/L; 3·22 [1·27-8·19]; p=0·014). This risk was reduced with each vaccine dose received (0·49 [0·37-0·65]; p<0·0001). Other factors, including concomitant prednisolone use, rituximab-associated factors (eg, rituximab dose and time to vaccination since last rituximab dose), and vaccine-associated factors (eg, vaccine type and peripheral B-cell depletion) were not predictive of moderate-to-severe COVID-19 outcomes. Interpretation This study presented detailed analyses of rituximab-treated patients during various phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. In later stages of the pandemic, the SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection rate was high but severe COVID-19 rates were similar to any severe infection event rate in patients who were vaccinated. The risk-benefit ratio might still favour rituximab in vaccinated patients with severe rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases who have few other treatment options. Increased vigilance is needed in the presence of comorbidities and hypogammaglobulinaemia for all infection types. Funding Wellcome Trust and Eli Lilly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Yuzaiful Md Yusof
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Jack Arnold
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Benazir Saleem
- Rheumatology Department, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Claire Vandevelde
- Rheumatology Department, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Shouvik Dass
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
- Rheumatology Department, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Sinisa Savic
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Edward M Vital
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Paul Emery
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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Robinson JI, Md Yusof MY, Davies V, Wild D, Morgan M, Taylor JC, El-Sherbiny Y, Morris DL, Liu L, Rawstron AC, Buch MH, Plant D, Cordell HJ, Isaacs JD, Bruce IN, Emery P, Barton A, Vyse TJ, Barrett JH, Vital EM, Morgan AW. Comprehensive genetic and functional analyses of Fc gamma receptors influence on response to rituximab therapy for autoimmunity. EBioMedicine 2022; 86:104343. [PMID: 36371989 PMCID: PMC9663864 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rituximab is widely used to treat autoimmunity but clinical response varies. Efficacy is determined by the efficiency of B-cell depletion, which may depend on various Fc gamma receptor (FcγR)-dependent mechanisms. Study of FcγR is challenging due to the complexity of the FCGR genetic locus. We sought to assess the effect of FCGR variants on clinical response, B-cell depletion and NK-cell-mediated killing in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS A longitudinal cohort study was conducted in 835 patients [RA = 573; SLE = 262]. Clinical outcome measures were two-component disease activity score in 28-joints (2C-DAS28CRP) for RA and British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG)-2004 major clinical response (MCR) for SLE at 6 months. B-cells were evaluated by highly-sensitive flow cytometry. Single nucleotide polymorphism and copy number variation for genes encoding five FcγRs were measured using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Ex vivo studies assessed NK-cell antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and FcγR expression. FINDINGS In RA, carriage of FCGR3A-158V and increased FCGR3A-158V copies were associated with greater 2C-DAS28CRP response (adjusted for baseline 2C-DAS28CRP). In SLE, MCR was associated with increased FCGR3A-158V, OR 1.64 (95% CI 1.12-2.41) and FCGR2C-ORF OR 1.93 (95% CI 1.09-3.40) copies. 236/413 (57%) patients with B-cell data achieved complete depletion. Homozygosity for FCGR3A-158V and increased FCGR3A-158V copies were associated with complete depletion in combined analyses. FCGR3A genotype was associated with rituximab-induced ADCC, and increased NK-cell FcγRIIIa expression was associated with improved clinical response and depletion in vivo. Furthermore, disease status and concomitant therapies impacted both NK-cell FcγRIIIa expression and ADCC. INTERPRETATION FcγRIIIa is the major low affinity FcγR associated with rituximab response. Increased copies of the FCGR3A-158V allele (higher affinity for IgG1), influences clinical and biological responses to rituximab in autoimmunity. Enhancing FcγR-effector functions could improve the next generation of CD20-depleting therapies and genotyping may stratify patients for optimal treatment protocols. FUNDING Medical Research Council, National Institute for Health and Care Research, Versus Arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James I Robinson
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - Md Yuzaiful Md Yusof
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - Vinny Davies
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK; School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Dawn Wild
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - Michael Morgan
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - John C Taylor
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - Yasser El-Sherbiny
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, UK; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - David L Morris
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, UK
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, UK
| | - Andy C Rawstron
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - Maya H Buch
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK; Versus Arthritis Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester BRC, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Darren Plant
- Versus Arthritis Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester BRC, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - John D Isaacs
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University and Musculoskeletal Unit, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Ian N Bruce
- Versus Arthritis Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester BRC, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Paul Emery
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK; NIHR Leeds Medtech and In vitro Diagnostics Co-operative, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - Anne Barton
- Versus Arthritis Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester BRC, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Timothy J Vyse
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, UK
| | - Jennifer H Barrett
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - Edward M Vital
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - Ann W Morgan
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK; NIHR Leeds Medtech and In vitro Diagnostics Co-operative, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK.
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Mohebbi N, Taghizadeh-Ghehi M, Savar SM, Abdi S, Kouhsari R, Gholami K, Nafissi S. Adverse drug reactions of Rituximab in patients suffering from autoimmune neurological diseases. Daru 2022; 30:323-329. [PMID: 36152270 PMCID: PMC9715899 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-022-00452-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rituximab, a chimeric human/mouse monoclonal antibody targeting CD-20 antigens, has been used recently for various rheumatological and autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune neurological disorders. OBJECTIVES We aimed to study the frequency, seriousness, causality, and preventability of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of rituximab in Iranian patients with autoimmune neurological diseases. METHODS In this cross-sectional observational study, patients with autoimmune neurological diseases who had an indication for rituximab treatment were enrolled. Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale was used to assess the causality of ADRs, and the preventability of the ADRs was determined by P-Method. The seriousness of ADRs was also determined. RESULTS A total of 264 ADRs were recorded from 97 patients. The Median (min-max) number of ADRs experienced by patients was 3 (1-7) events. 11.3% of patients experienced serious ADRs. 18.2% and 26.9% of ADRs were Definite and Probable, respectively. Only 5% of the ADRs were ''preventable". The most frequent ADRs were rituximab infusion-related reactions. CONCLUSION Rituximab had an acceptable safety profile in our study patients. However, there must be certain cautions regarding the use of the medication for the elderly or patients with a compromised immune system. Timely detection and management of ADRs would also be crucial to prevent severe and permanent damages. Moreover, considering that rituximab is used as an off-label treatment for autoimmune neurological diseases, a risk-benefit assessment would be necessary before deciding on the treatment choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niayesh Mohebbi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Rational Use of Drugs, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Taghizadeh-Ghehi
- Research Center for Rational Use of Drugs, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehrdad Savar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Rational Use of Drugs, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Abdi
- Department of Neurology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Romina Kouhsari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kheirollah Gholami
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Rational Use of Drugs, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahriar Nafissi
- Department of Neurology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Iranian Neuromuscular Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Long-term drug effectiveness and survival for reference rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis patients in an ordinary outpatient clinic. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8283. [PMID: 35585215 PMCID: PMC9117312 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12271-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the long-term drug effectiveness and survival of reference rituximab (ref-RTX)-treated rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in an ordinary outpatient clinic. Second, we explored baseline predictors of drug effectiveness and survival, and third, we clarified reasons for stopping treatment. RA patients treated with ref-RTX between 2006 and 2020 in Norway were examined and monitored using recommended measures for disease activity and patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Drug effectiveness was assessed with random intercept linear mixed models; drug survival was assessed with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Reasons for discontinuation were ascertained. Baseline predictors of drug effectiveness and survival were estimated. Among 246 RA patients, at baseline, 17.1% were biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) naïve, and 51.6% were currently using conventional synthetic DMARDs (csDMARDs). During the five-year follow-up, all disease activity and PRO measures improved significantly (p < 0.01), with more substantial changes noted in the second year. Drug survival was 83% after one year and declined to 34% after five years. The two most frequently reported reasons for discontinuation were the doctor's decision (36.2%) and lack or loss of effectiveness (19.2%). No significant difference was found between naïve and previous users of bDMARDs or between concomitant and nonconcomitant users of csDMARDs when analysing drug effectiveness and survival. Our real-life data show that ref-RTX-treated RA patients had satisfactory treatment responses; drug survival declined linearly over time. There was no significant difference between naïve and previous users of bDMARDs or between concomitant and nonconcomitant users of csDMARDs, both for drug effectiveness and survival.
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Radu AF, Bungau SG. Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Overview. Cells 2021; 10:2857. [PMID: 34831081 PMCID: PMC8616326 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, primarily affecting the joints, then extra-articular manifestations can occur. Due to its complexity, which is based on an incompletely elucidated pathophysiological mechanism, good RA management requires a multidisciplinary approach. The clinical status of RA patients has improved in recent years due to medical advances in diagnosis and treatment, that have made it possible to reduce disease activity and prevent systemic complications. The most promising results were obtained by developing disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), the class to which conventional synthetic, biologic, and targeted synthetic drugs belong. Furthermore, ongoing drug development has led to obtaining molecules with improved efficacy and safety profiles, but further research is needed until RA turns into a curable pathology. In the present work, we offer a comprehensive perspective on the management of RA, by centralizing the existing data provided by significant literature, emphasizing the importance of an early and accurate diagnosis associated with optimal personalized treatment in order to achieve better outcomes for RA patients. In addition, this study suggests future research perspectives in the treatment of RA that could lead to higher efficacy and safety profiles and lower financial costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei-Flavius Radu
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
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Ebina K. Drug efficacy and safety of biologics and Janus kinase inhibitors in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Mod Rheumatol 2021; 32:256-262. [PMID: 34894239 DOI: 10.1093/mr/roab003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are frequently associated with higher disease activity and impaired physical function, although they show intolerance for conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs), such as methotrexate, because of their comorbidities. However, the present treatment recommendation based on randomized controlled trials is not distinguished by age or comorbidities. Therefore, this review aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of biological DMARDs (bDMARDs) and Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) in elderly patients. Present bDMARDs, including tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi), cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4-immunoglobulin (abatacept), interleukin (IL)-6 receptor antibody (tocilizumab and salirumab), and anti-CD20 antibody (rituximab), may be similarly or slightly less effective or safe in elderly patients compared with younger patients. Oral glucocorticoid use, prolonged disease duration, and very old patients appear to be associated with an increased risk of adverse events, such as serious infection. Some recent cohort studies demonstrated that non-TNFi showed better retention than TNFi in elderly patients. Both TNFi and non-TNFi agents may not strongly influence the risk of adverse events such as cardiovascular events and malignancy in elderly patients. Regarding JAKi, the efficacy appears to be similar, although the safety (particularly for serious infections, including herpes zoster) may be attenuated by aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Ebina
- Department of Musculoskeletal Regenerative Medicine, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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8
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Decarriere G, Barnetche T, Combe B, Gaujoux-Viala C, Lukas C, Morel J, Daien C. Most Appropriate Conventional Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drug to Combine With Different Advanced Therapies in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Literature Review With Meta-Analysis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2021; 73:873-884. [PMID: 32216091 DOI: 10.1002/acr.24195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In rheumatoid arthritis, the association between advanced therapies (including biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs [DMARDs] and targeted synthetic DMARDs) and methotrexate (MTX) is recommended by international societies. When MTX cannot be used, other conventional synthetic DMARDs (csDMARDs) may be proposed. We aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of MTX and non-MTX csDMARDs in combination with advanced therapies. METHODS We systematically searched the literature for studies comparing the effectiveness, retention rate, and safety of MTX versus non-MTX csDMARDs (leflunomide or others) in combination with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi), abatacept, rituximab, tocilizumab, and JAK inhibitors. Meta-analysis was performed with RevMan, using an inverse variance approach with fixed or random-effects models. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated. RESULTS The literature search revealed 3,842 articles; 41 studies were included for the systematic literature review and 21 for the meta-analysis: 13 with TNFi, 3 with abatacept, and 5 with rituximab. For TNFi, the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) response at 6 months was lower for patients receiving non-MTX csDMARDs than for those using MTX (RR 0.93 [95% CI 0.87, 1.0], P = 0.04; n = 3,843; I2 = 28%), with a lower retention rate at 12 months. For abatacept, effectiveness and safety were similar between the 2 groups. For rituximab, a good EULAR response was higher with leflunomide than MTX (RR 1.38 [95% CI 1.13, 1.68], P = 0.001; n = 2,078; I2 = 0%), with similar adverse event rates. Meta-analysis for tocilizumab or JAK inhibitors could not be performed. CONCLUSION The different csDMARDs seem safe and efficient to combine with advanced therapies in RA patients. Although MTX seems slightly superior to other csDMARDs in combination with TNFi, leflunomide might be superior to MTX in combination with rituximab.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bernard Combe
- CHU Montpellier and Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Cédric Lukas
- CHU Montpellier and Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Morel
- CHU Montpellier and Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Daien
- CHU Montpellier and Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
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Ravindran V, Talari K, Kumar P, Patil P, Mouli S, Bandyopadhyay S, Dharmanand B, Ray A, Rajeshwari S, Amin S, Oak J, Chaturvedi V, Malaviya A, Mukherjee S. Expert Panel consensus statements on the optimal usage of rituximab for the management of rheumatoid arthritis in India. INDIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/injr.injr_69_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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10
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Ulusoy H, Acar Cakan Ö, Tuna T. Tuberculosis Arthritis in the Wrist While Using Rituximab for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment. Open Access Rheumatol 2020; 12:203-206. [PMID: 32982498 PMCID: PMC7500831 DOI: 10.2147/oarrr.s268852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Data from clinical trials indicate that there are no increased risk of tuberculosis (TB) infections in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients while using rituximab (RTX). Herein, we report a RA patient who developed TB arthritis while using RTX. Case Report A 49-year-old patient was treated with methotrexate and prednisolone along with RTX for two years. Later, she presented with increasing pain, swelling, redness and cutaneous fistulization in her left wrist for two months. The lesion on the wrist was debritted. Histopathologic evaluation revealed the presence of acid-fast bacilli. Polymerase chain reaction test and culture confirmed mycobacterium tuberculosis. RTX, methotrexate and prednisolone were withdrawn. The patient was treated with 12-month course of antituberculous treatment and responded well. The patient, who did not have pain or swelling in her other joints, was not given any treatment for RA after antituberculous treatment. Conclusion Clinicians should keep in mind that TB infections may be encountered while using RTX. Latent TB screening may be appropriate in patients using concomitant corticosteroid and living in TB endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Ulusoy
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Özge Acar Cakan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Tibel Tuna
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
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11
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Mielnik P, Sexton J, Lie E, Bakland G, Loli LP, Kristianslund EK, Rødevand E, Lexberg ÅS, Kvien TK. Does Older Age have an Impact on Rituximab Efficacy and Safety? Results from the NOR-DMARD Register. Drugs Aging 2020; 37:617-626. [PMID: 32648248 DOI: 10.1007/s40266-020-00782-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of rituximab in older vs younger patients with rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS Data on 367 patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with rituximab in the Norwegian Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drug (NOR-DMARD) register were analysed, comparing patients aged ≥ 65 years (n = 91) with patients aged < 65 years (n = 276). Drug survival was compared using a Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models. Disease activity, as assessed by the Disease Activity Score based on 28 joints and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) and the Simplified Disease Activity Index, was analysed with linear mixed models. The occurrence of adverse events was analysed by quasi-Poisson regression models. RESULTS Drug survival was similar in the two age groups. The proportion of patients who remained taking rituximab over 2 years was 72% in those under aged 65 years vs 74% in those aged ≥ 65 years. No statistically significant association with age was found for drug survival in either the unadjusted (hazard ratio 1.13, p = 0.65) or adjusted Cox proportional hazard analyses for the model with DAS28-ESR as a confounder (effect size 1.11, p = 0.73). Models including the Simplified Disease Activity Index instead of DAS28-ESR yielded similar results. Age was furthermore not significantly associated with disease activity over time, although there was a tendency towards a poorer response in older patients. In the older age group, there was a higher incidence of pneumonia (107 vs 51 per 1000 patient-years) and other serious infections (142 vs 66 per 1000 patient-years). CONCLUSIONS Rituximab is a reasonable therapeutic option for older patients with rheumatoid arthritis although vigilance is needed with regard to the infection profile. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01581294.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Mielnik
- Section for Rheumatology, Department for Neurology, Rheumatology and Physical Medicine, Helse Førde, Svanehaugevegen 1, 6812, Førde, Norway.
| | - Joseph Sexton
- Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Lie
- Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gunnstein Bakland
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Liz P Loli
- Lillehammer Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Lillehammer, Norway
| | | | - Erik Rødevand
- Department of Rheumatology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Åse S Lexberg
- Department of Rheumatology, Vestre Viken/Drammen Hospital, Drammen, Norway
| | - Tore K Kvien
- Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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12
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Evangelatos G, Koulouri V, Iliopoulos A, Fragoulis GE. Tuberculosis and targeted synthetic or biologic DMARDs, beyond tumor necrosis factor inhibitors. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2020; 12:1759720X20930116. [PMID: 32612710 PMCID: PMC7309385 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x20930116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) have an increased risk for tuberculosis (TB). The use of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) and glucocorticoids in these patients has been associated with an increased prevalence of latent TB reactivation. Over the last few years, several biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs), other than TNFi (e.g. rituximab, abatacept, tocilizumab, secukinumab) and targeted synthetic DMARDs (tsDMARDs) [e.g. apremilast, Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors] have been used for the treatment of patients with ARD. For many of these drugs, especially the newer ones like JAK inhibitors or antibodies against interleukin (IL)-23, most data stem from randomized clinical trials and few are available from real life clinical experience. We sought to review the current evidence for TB risk in patients with ARD treated with tsDMARDs or bDMARDs, other than TNFi. It seems that some of these drugs are associated with a lower TB risk, indirectly compared with TNFi treatment. In fact, it appears that rituximab, apremilast and inhibitors of IL-17 and IL-23 might be safer, while more data are needed for JAK inhibitors. As seen in TNFi, risk for TB is more pronounced in TB-endemic areas. Screening for latent TB must precede initiation of any tsDMARDs or bDMARDs. The growing use of non-TNFi agents has raised the need for more real-life studies that would compare the risk for TB between TNFi and other treatment modalities for ARD. Knowledge about the TB-safety profile of these drugs could help in the decision of drug choice in patients with confirmed latent TB infection or in TB endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerasimos Evangelatos
- Rheumatology Department, 417 Army Share Fund Hospital (NIMTS), Monis Petraki 10-12, Athens, 11521, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Koulouri
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios Iliopoulos
- Rheumatology Department, 417 Army Share Fund Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
| | - George E Fragoulis
- Rheumatology Unit, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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13
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Otremba B, Borchardt J, Kuske A, Hollnagel-Schmitz M, Losch FO. Real-world use and acceptance of rituximab biosimilars in non-Hodgkin lymphoma in an oncologist network in Germany. Future Oncol 2020; 16:1001-1012. [DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Present real-world data for rituximab (biosimilar and reference)-containing regimens in extrapolated indications in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)/chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Patients & methods: Data collected from office-based oncologic practices in Germany (July 2017–June 2019). Results: Of 1741 patients, 1241 had NHL; 500 had CLL. Of 7595 therapy cycles, 28.3% used reference rituximab; 55.2% used rituximab biosimilars; 2.0% used subcutaneous rituximab; 14.5% used rituximab, not otherwise specified. Rituximab biosimilars were used across all indications; 57.3% of cycles were administered in extrapolated indications. Over 24 months, the proportion of rituximab prescriptions that were for biosimilars increased from 12.0 to 83.0%. Conclusion: Our real-world data in NHL and CLL depicts increasing use of rituximab biosimilars across multiple treatment protocols, including extrapolated indications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andra Kuske
- Medical Oncology, Hexal AG, Holzkirchen, Germany
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14
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Lahaye C, Tatar Z, Dubost JJ, Tournadre A, Soubrier M. Management of inflammatory rheumatic conditions in the elderly. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020; 58:748-764. [PMID: 29982766 PMCID: PMC6477520 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/key165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of elderly people with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases is increasing. This heterogeneous and comorbid population is at particular risk of cardiovascular, neoplastic, infectious and iatrogenic complications. The development of biotherapies has paved the way for innovative therapeutic strategies, which are associated with toxicities. In this review, we have focused on the scientific and therapeutic changes impacting the management of elderly patients affected by RA, SpA or PsA. A multidimensional health assessment resulting in an integrated therapeutic strategy was identified as a major research direction for improving the management of elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Lahaye
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Zuzana Tatar
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Dubost
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Anne Tournadre
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martin Soubrier
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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15
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Chiu YM, Chen DY. Infection risk in patients undergoing treatment for inflammatory arthritis: non-biologics versus biologics. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020; 16:207-228. [PMID: 31852268 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2019.1705785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Despite the therapeutic effectiveness of biologics targeting immune cells or cytokines in patients with inflammatory arthritis, which reflects their pathogenic roles, an increased infection risk is observed in those undergoing biological treatment. However, there are limited data regarding the comparison of infection risks in inflammatory arthritis patients treated with non-biologics (csDMARDs), biologics (bDMARDs), including tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors and non-TNF inhibitors, or targeted synthetic (ts)DMARDs.Areas covered: Through a review of English-language literature as of 30 June 2019, we focus on the existing evidence on the risk of infections caused by bacteria, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and hepatitis virus in inflammatory arthritis patients undergoing treatment with csDMARDs, bDMARDs, or tsDMARDs.Expert opinion: While the risks of bacterial and mycobacterial infection are increased in arthritis patients treated with csDMARDs, the risks are further higher in those receiving bDMARDs therapy, particularly TNF inhibitors. Regarding HBV infection, antiviral therapy may effectively prevent HBV reactivation in patients receiving bDMARDs, especially rituximab. However, more data are needed to establish effective preventive strategies for HBsAg-negative/HBcAb-positive patients. It seems safe to use cyclosporine and TNF inhibitors in patients with HCV infection, while those undergoing rituximab therapies should be frequently monitored for HCV activity.Abbreviations: ABT: abatacept; ADA: adalimumab; AS: ankylosing spondylitis; bDMARDs: biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; CKD: chronic kidney disease; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CS: corticosteroids; CsA: cyclosporine A; csDMARDs: conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; CZP: certolizumab; DAAs: direct-acting antiviral agents; DM: diabetes mellitus; DOT: directly observed therapy; EIN: Emerging Infections Network; ETN: etanercept; GOL: golimumab; GPRD: General Practice Research Database; HBV: hepatitis B virus; HBVr: HBV reactivation; HBsAg+: HBsAg-positive; HBsAg-/anti-HBc+: HBsAg-negative anti-HBc antibodies-positive; HCV: hepatitis C virus; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine: IFX: infliximab; IL-6: interleukin-6; JAK: Janus kinase; LEF: leflunomide; LTBI: latent tuberculosis infection; mAb: monoclonal antibody; MTX: methotrexate; OR: odds ratio; PsA: psoriatic arthritis; PMS: post-marketing surveillance; RA: rheumatoid arthritis; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; TNFi: tumor necrosis factor inhibitor; SCK: secukinumab; SSZ: sulfasalazine; TOZ: tocilizumab; RCT: randomized controlled trial; RR: relative risk; RTX: rituximab; 3HP: 3-month once-weekly isoniazid plus rifapentine; TB: tuberculosis; tsDMARDs: targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; UTK: ustekinumab; WHO: World Health Organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ming Chiu
- Rheumatology and Immunology Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Der-Yuan Chen
- Rheumatology and Immunology Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Translational Medicine Laboratory, Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Program in Translational Medicine and Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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16
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Deshayes S, Khellaf M, Zarour A, Layese R, Fain O, Terriou L, Viallard J, Cheze S, Graveleau J, Slama B, Audia S, Cliquennois M, Ebbo M, Le Guenno G, Salles G, Bonmati C, Teillet F, Galicier L, Lambotte O, Hot A, Lefrère F, Mahévas M, Canoui‐Poitrine F, Michel M, Godeau B. Long-term safety and efficacy of rituximab in 248 adults with immune thrombocytopenia: Results at 5 years from the French prospective registry ITP-ritux. Am J Hematol 2019; 94:1314-1324. [PMID: 31489694 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Rituximab is a second-line option in adults with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), but the estimated 5-year response rate, only based on pooled retrospective data, is about 20%, and no studies have focused on long-term safety. We conducted a prospective multicenter registry of 248 adults with ITP treated with rituximab with 5 years of follow-up to assess its long-term safety and efficacy. The median follow-up was 68.4 [53.7-78.5] months. The incidence of severe infections was only 2/100 patient-years. Profound hypogammaglobulinemia (<5 g/L) developed in five patients at 15 to 31 months after the last rituximab infusion. In total, 25 patients died at a median age of 80 [69.5-83.9] years, corresponding to a mortality rate of 2.3/100 patient-years. Only three deaths related to infection that occurred 12 to 14 months after rituximab infusions could be due in part to rituximab. At 60 months of follow-up, 73 (29.4%) patients had a sustained response. On univariate and multivariate analysis, the only factor significantly associated with sustained response was a previous transient response to corticosteroids (P = .022). Overall, 24 patients with an initial response and then relapse received retreatment with rituximab, which gave a response in 92%, with a higher duration of response in 54%. As a result of its safety profile and its sustained response rate, rituximab remains an important option in the current therapeutic armamentarium for adult ITP. Retreatment could be an effective and safe option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Deshayes
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre National de Référence des Cytopénies Auto‐Immunes de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri‐Mondor, Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris Université Paris Est Créteil Créteil France
- Service de Médecine Interne Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CHU de Caen Normandie Caen France
| | - Mehdi Khellaf
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre National de Référence des Cytopénies Auto‐Immunes de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri‐Mondor, Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris Université Paris Est Créteil Créteil France
| | - Anissa Zarour
- Unité de Recherche Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri‐Mondor, Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris Université Paris Est Créteil Créteil France
| | - Richard Layese
- Unité de Recherche Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri‐Mondor, Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris Université Paris Est Créteil Créteil France
- Service de Santé Publique CHU Henri‐Mondor, EA 7376 CEpiA, UPEC Créteil France
| | - Olivier Fain
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Saint‐Antoine, Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris Sorbonne Université Paris France
| | - Louis Terriou
- Service de Médecine Interne Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille Lille France
| | - Jean‐François Viallard
- Département de Médecine Interne et Maladies Infectieuses Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Haut Lévêque, Université de Bordeaux Pessac France
| | - Stéphane Cheze
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CHU de Caen Normandie Caen France
| | - Julie Graveleau
- Service de Médecine Interne Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes Nantes France
| | - Borhane Slama
- Service d'Hématologie Centre Hospitalier d'Avignon Avignon France
| | | | - Manuel Cliquennois
- Département d'Hématologie Groupe Hospitalier de l'Institut Catholique de Lille Lille France
| | - Mikael Ebbo
- Service de Médecine Interne Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Marseille, Université Aix‐Marseille Marseille France
| | - Guillaume Le Guenno
- Service de Médecine Interne Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Estaing Clermont Ferrand France
| | - Gilles Salles
- Service d'Hématologie Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre‐Bénite, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Lyon France
| | - Caroline Bonmati
- Service d'Hématologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy Nancy France
| | - France Teillet
- Département d'Immuno‐Hématologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Louis Mourier, Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris Colombes France
| | - Lionel Galicier
- Service d'Immuno‐Pathologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Saint‐Louis, Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris Paris France
| | - Olivier Lambotte
- Service de Médecine Interne Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bicêtre, Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris Paris France
| | - Arnaud Hot
- Service de Médecine Interne Groupement Hospitalier Edouard Herriot Lyon France
| | - François Lefrère
- Service d'Hématologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Necker, Assistance Publique‐ Hôpitaux de Paris Paris France
| | - Matthieu Mahévas
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre National de Référence des Cytopénies Auto‐Immunes de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri‐Mondor, Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris Université Paris Est Créteil Créteil France
| | - Florence Canoui‐Poitrine
- Unité de Recherche Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri‐Mondor, Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris Université Paris Est Créteil Créteil France
- Service de Santé Publique CHU Henri‐Mondor, EA 7376 CEpiA, UPEC Créteil France
| | - Marc Michel
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre National de Référence des Cytopénies Auto‐Immunes de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri‐Mondor, Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris Université Paris Est Créteil Créteil France
| | - Bertrand Godeau
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre National de Référence des Cytopénies Auto‐Immunes de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri‐Mondor, Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris Université Paris Est Créteil Créteil France
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17
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Krause A, Aries PM, Berger S, Fiehn C, Kellner H, Lorenz HM, Meier L, Müller GA, Müller-Ladner U, Schwarting A, Tony HP, Peters MA, Wendler J. Rituximab in routine care of severe active rheumatoid arthritis : A prospective, non-interventional study in Germany. Z Rheumatol 2019; 78:881-888. [PMID: 30276727 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-018-0552-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess safety, effectiveness and onset of effect of rituximab (RTX) in routine clinical treatment of severe, active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Prospective, multi-centre, non-interventional study in rheumatological outpatient clinics or private practices in Germany. RTX-naïve adult patients were to receive RTX according to marketing authorisation and at their physician's discretion. Also according to their physician's discretion, patients could receive a second cycle of RTX (re-treatment = treatment continuation). Major outcome was the change in Disease Activity Score based on 28-joints count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) over 24 weeks and during 6 months of re-treatment. RESULTS Overall, 1653 patients received at least one cycle RTX; 99.2% of these had received disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) pre-treatment and 75.5% anti-tumor necrosis factor(TNF)‑α pre-treatment. After a mean interval of 8.0 months, 820 patients received RTX re-treatment. Mean DAS28-ESR decreased from 5.3 at baseline to 3.8 after 24 weeks (-1.5 [95% confidence interval, CI: -1.6; -1.4]), and from 4.1 at start of cycle 2 to 3.5 at study end (change from baseline: -1.8 [95% CI: -2.0; -1.7]). Improvements in DAS28-ESR and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score occurred mainly during the first 12 weeks of RTX treatment, with further DAS28-ESR improvement until week 24 or month 6 of re-treatment. Improvements in DAS28-ESR and EULAR responses were more pronounced in seropositive patients. RF was a predictor of DAS28-ESR change to study end. Safety analysis showed the established profile of RTX. CONCLUSION RTX was safe and effective in a real-life setting with rapid and sustained improvement in RA signs and symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Krause
- Abteilung Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie, Klinik für Innere Medizin, Immanuel Krankenhaus, Königstraße 63, 14109, Berlin, Germany.
| | - P M Aries
- Rheumatologie im Struenseehaus, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Berger
- Private Practice, Naunhof, Germany
| | - C Fiehn
- Praxis für Rheumatologie und klinische Immunologie, Baden-Baden, Germany
| | - H Kellner
- Private Practice and Division of Rheumatology, KH Neuwittelsbach, Munich, Germany
| | - H-M Lorenz
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - L Meier
- RheumaPraxis, Hofheim, Germany
| | - G A Müller
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - U Müller-Ladner
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kerckhoff Hospital GmbH, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - A Schwarting
- First Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - H-P Tony
- Division of Clinical Immunology/Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - M A Peters
- Medical Management Rheumatology, Roche Pharma AG, Grenzach-Wyhlen, Germany
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18
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Efficacy of rituximab in resistant palindromic rheumatism: first report in literature. Clin Rheumatol 2019; 38:2399-2402. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-019-04578-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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Predictors of hypogammaglobulinemia during rituximab maintenance therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: A 12-year longitudinal multi-center study. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2018; 48:149-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Silvagni E, Bortoluzzi A, Carrara G, Zanetti A, Govoni M, Scirè CA. Comparative effectiveness of first-line biological monotherapy use in rheumatoid arthritis: a retrospective analysis of the RECord-linkage On Rheumatic Diseases study on health care administrative databases. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e021447. [PMID: 30206082 PMCID: PMC6144331 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE These analyses aim to comparatively evaluate the persistence on treatment of different biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) when administered in monotherapy compared with combination with conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients receiving first-line biologics. DESIGN This is a retrospective observational study on Administrative Healthcare Databases. METHODS Data were extracted from healthcare databases of the Lombardy Region, Italy (2004-2013), as a part of the RECord-linkage On Rheumatic Diseases study, on behalf of the Italian Society for Rheumatology. Analyses included patients with RA starting first-line approved course of bDMARDs and evaluated drug survival by using Cox proportional hazard models. Results are presented as HRs and 95% CI, crude and adjusted for prespecified confounders (age, sex, disease duration, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), previous infections, use of concomitant glucocorticoids or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)). RESULTS 4478 patients with RA were included (17.84% monotherapy). Etanercept, adalimumab and infliximab were the most prescribed first-line biologics. bDMARD monotherapy was associated with longer disease duration, higher CCI, lower glucocorticoids and NSAIDs use. Compared with monotherapy, combination associated with a lower risk of failure (adjusted HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.72 to 0.88). Among monotherapies, considering etanercept as reference, adalimumab (1.28, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.59) and infliximab (2.41, 95% CI 1.85 to 3.15) had higher risk of failure. Concomitant methotrexate (0.78, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.87), leflunomide (0.80, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.98) or csDMARD combinations (0.77, 95% CI 0.68 to 0.87) reduced the risk of bDMARD withdrawal. CONCLUSION Adalimumab and infliximab monotherapies show lower retention rate compared with etanercept. The relatively small number of therapeutic courses different from tumour necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors makes more difficult to achieve conclusive results with other biologics. Concomitant methotrexate, leflunomide and csDMARDs combination associate with longer survival on bDMARD. Our data confirm the effectiveness of the current practices in the choice of etanercept as first-line anti-TNF monotherapy and strengthen the currently recommended use of bDMARDs in combination with csDMARDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Silvagni
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, University of Ferrara, Cona (Ferrara), Italy
| | - Alessandra Bortoluzzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, University of Ferrara, Cona (Ferrara), Italy
| | - Greta Carrara
- Epidemiology Unit, Italian Society for Rheumatology (SIR), Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Zanetti
- Epidemiology Unit, Italian Society for Rheumatology (SIR), Milan, Italy
| | - Marcello Govoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, University of Ferrara, Cona (Ferrara), Italy
| | - Carlo Alberto Scirè
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology Unit, University of Ferrara, Cona (Ferrara), Italy
- Epidemiology Unit, Italian Society for Rheumatology (SIR), Milan, Italy
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Yoo DH, Suh CH, Shim SC, Jeka S, Molina FFC, Hrycaj P, Wiland P, Lee EY, Medina-Rodriguez FG, Shesternya P, Radominski S, Stanislav M, Kovalenko V, Sheen DH, Myasoutova L, Lim MJ, Choe JY, Lee SJ, Lee SY, Kim SH, Park W. Efficacy, Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Up to Two Courses of the Rituximab Biosimilar CT-P10 Versus Innovator Rituximab in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results up to Week 72 of a Phase I Randomized Controlled Trial. BioDrugs 2018; 31:357-367. [PMID: 28612179 PMCID: PMC5548818 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-017-0232-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background CT-P10 is a biosimilar of innovator rituximab (RTX), a biological therapy used to treat patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who have responded inadequately to anti-tumor necrosis factor agents. Objective Our objective was to compare the clinical profile of CT-P10 versus RTX in patients with RA who received up to two courses of treatment and were followed for up to 72 weeks. Methods In this multicenter double-blind phase I study, patients were randomized 2:1 to receive CT-P10 1000 mg or RTX 1000 mg at weeks 0 and 2. Based on disease activity, patients could receive a second course of treatment between weeks 24 and 48. Efficacy endpoints, including mean change from baseline in Disease Activity Score using 28 joints (DAS28), safety, immunogenicity, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics were evaluated. Results In total, 154 patients were randomized to CT-P10 or RTX (n = 103 and 51, respectively); 137 (n = 92 and 45) completed the first course of treatment, of whom 83 (n = 60 and 23) were re-treated. Improvements from baseline in all efficacy endpoints were highly similar between the CT-P10 and RTX groups over both treatment courses. At week 24 after the second course, mean change from week 0 of the first course in DAS28 erythrocyte sedimentation rate was −2.47 and −2.04 for CT-P10 and RTX, respectively, (p = 0.1866) and in DAS28 C-reactive protein was −2.32 and −2.00, respectively (p = 0.3268). The proportion of patients positive for antidrug antibodies at week 24 after the second treatment course was 20.0% and 21.7% in the CT-P10 and RTX groups, respectively. The safety profile of CT-P10 was comparable to that of RTX, and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties were similar. Conclusions In patients with RA, efficacy, safety, and other clinical data were comparable between CT-P10 and RTX after up to two courses of treatment over 72 weeks. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01534884). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s40259-017-0232-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Hyun Yoo
- Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hee Suh
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Cheol Shim
- Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Slawomir Jeka
- Collegium Medicum UMK, University Hospital No. 2, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | | | - Pawel Hrycaj
- Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Eun Young Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Marina Stanislav
- Research Rheumatology Institute n. a. V.A. Nassonova, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Mie Jin Lim
- School of Medicine, IN-HA University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Yoon Choe
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Won Park
- School of Medicine, IN-HA University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Rheumatoid arthritis patients treated in trial and real world settings: comparison of randomized trials with registries. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2017; 57:354-369. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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23
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Nasonov EL, Mazurov VI, Zonova EV, Knyazeva LA, Marusenko IM, Nesmeyanova OB, Plaksina TV, Shapovalova YS, Ilivanova EP, Krechikova DG, Petrochenkova NA, Reshetko OV, Denisov LN, Gordeev IG, Davydova AF, Eremina NA, Zemerova EV, Ivanova TB, Kastanayan AA, Pokrovskaya TG, Smakotina SA, Smolyarchuk EA, Artemyeva AV, Ivanov RA, Usacheva YV, Chernyaeva EV. THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF RITUXIMAB BIOSIMILAR (ACELLBIA®) IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AS THE FIRST BIOLOGICAL AGENT: RESULTS OF PHASE III (ALTERRA) CLINICAL TRIAL. RHEUMATOLOGY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2017. [DOI: 10.14412/1995-4484-2017-351-359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The Russian biotechnological company «BIOCAD» has designed a chimeric monoclonal antibody against CD20 (BCD-020, Acellbia®) that is a biosimilar of rituximab (RTM; MabThera®, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Switzerland). In recent years, there has been evidence that RTM can be used at lower doses than those given in the standard recommendations and instructions for the use of this drug. This serves as the basis for the BCD-020-4/ALTERRA (ALTErnative Rituximab regimen in Rheumatoid Arthritis) trial, the objective of which was to investigate the efficiency and safety of using Acellbia® (at a dose of 600 mg twice at a 2-week interval) as the first biological agent (BA) for methotrexate (MTX)-resistant active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The investigation enrolled 159 patients aged 18 to 80 years with active RA. After 24 weeks 65.7 and 29.4% of patients achieved 20% improvement by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria in the Acellbia® + MTX and placebo (PL) + MTX groups, respectively (p<0.0001). The differences in the ACR20 response rate in the two groups were 36.3% (95% CI, 19.27–53.28%). There were significant differences between the groups in the ACR50 response rates: 28.4% and 5.9% (p=0.001) and in the ACR70 ones: 12.8% and only 2.0%, respectively (p=0.036). Analysis of all recorded adverse events (AE) frequency showed no significant differences between the patients in the study and control groups and demonstrates its equivalence with that of RTM (MabThera®); all the AE were expectable. It is noted that antibodies to RTM with binding and neutralizing activities had no impact on the efficiency and safety of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. L. Nasonov
- V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - V. I. Mazurov
- I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | | | | | - I. M. Marusenko
- V.A. Baranov Republican Hospital, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Karelia
| | | | - T. V. Plaksina
- N.A. Semashko Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - A. F. Davydova
- Professor S.V. Ochapovsky Territorial Clinical Hospital One
| | - N. A. Eremina
- Railway Clinical Hospital at the Gorky Station, OAO «RZhD»
| | | | | | | | | | - S. A. Smakotina
- Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - E. A. Smolyarchuk
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
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Choy E, Aletaha D, Behrens F, Finckh A, Gomez-Reino J, Gottenberg JE, Schuch F, Rubbert-Roth A. Monotherapy with biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2017; 56:689-697. [PMID: 27550301 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kew271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Current EULAR guidelines state that biologic DMARD (bDMARD) therapy should be administered in combination with MTX or other conventional synthetic (cs) DMARD in RA. Nonetheless, a third of patients for whom a bDMARD agent is prescribed take it in the absence of concurrent csDMARD therapy. While the reasons underlying the low uptake of bDMARD-csDMARD combination therapy in clinical practice have not been well delineated, they may include poor adherence, contraindication to csDMARD therapy and adverse effects, as well as csDMARD withdrawal following remission. The challenges surrounding bDMARD therapy and the benefit/risk ratio of biologic monotherapy when compared with combination with a csDMARD will be discussed. We will provide insights into these important issues, as well as reviewing the evidence base differentiating biologic agents and exploring therapeutic options for patients with rheumatoid arthritis for whom csDMARD therapy is contraindicated or discontinued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Choy
- CREATE Centre, Institute of Infection & Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Daniel Aletaha
- Department of Rheumatology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Frank Behrens
- CIRI/Division of Rheumatology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Axel Finckh
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Juan Gomez-Reino
- Hospital Clinico, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Safety and Efficacy of Biological Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs in Older Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: Staying the Distance. Drugs Aging 2017; 33:387-98. [PMID: 27154398 DOI: 10.1007/s40266-016-0374-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The population of older individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is rapidly expanding, mainly due to increased life expectancy. While targeted biological therapies are well established for the treatment of this disease, their use may be lower in older patients (age > 65 years) and very old patients (age > 75 years) as a result of perceived higher risks for adverse events in this population, taking into account comorbidity, polypharmacy, and frailty. In this review, we discuss the available evidence for the use of biological therapies in this growing patient group with specific attention towards the eventual reasons for biological treatment failure or withdrawal. The majority of data is found in secondary analyses of clinical trials and in retrospective cohorts. The most information available is on tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blockers. Older patients seem to have a less robust response to anti-TNF agents than a younger population, but drug survival as a proxy for efficacy does not seem to be influenced by age. Despite an overall rate of adverse effects comparable to that in younger patients, older RA patients are at higher risk of serious infections. Other biologics appear to have an efficacy similar to anti-TNF agents, also in older RA patients. Again, the drug survival rates for tocilizumab, rituximab, and abatacept resemble those in young RA patients with good general tolerability and safety profiles. The cardiovascular risk and the risk of cancer, increased in RA patients and in the older RA patients, do not appear to be strongly influenced by biologicals.
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26
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Cañete JD, Hernández MV, Sanmartí R. Safety profile of biological therapies for treating rheumatoid arthritis. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2017; 17:1089-1103. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2017.1346078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan D. Cañete
- Arthritis Unit, Rheumatology Department, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ma Victoria Hernández
- Arthritis Unit, Rheumatology Department, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raimon Sanmartí
- Arthritis Unit, Rheumatology Department, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
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Risk of Tuberculosis Reactivation in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Ankylosing Spondylitis, and Psoriatic Arthritis Receiving Non-Anti-TNF-Targeted Biologics. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:8909834. [PMID: 28659665 PMCID: PMC5474286 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8909834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) still represents an important issue for public health in underdeveloped countries, but the use of antitumor necrosis factor agents (anti-TNF) for the treatment of inflammatory rheumatic disorders has reopened the problem also in countries with low TB incidence, due to the increased risk of TB reactivation in subjects with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Over the last 5 years, several non-anti-TNF-targeted biologics have been licensed for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and psoriatic arthritis. We reviewed the epidemiology of TB, the role of different cytokines and of the immune system cells involved in the immune response against TB infection, the methods to detect LTBI, and the risk of TB reactivation in patients exposed to non-anti-TNF-targeted biologics. Given the limited role exerted by the cytokines different from TNF, as expected, data from controlled trials, national registries of biologics, and postmarketing surveillance show that the risk of TB reactivation in patients receiving non-anti-TNF-targeted biologics is negligible, hence raising the question whether the screening procedures for LTBI would be necessary.
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28
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Lachowiez C, Deodhar A, Kozin E, Spurgeon S. Obinutuzumab is Effective in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Rheumatoid Arthritis After Rituximab Failure: A Case Report. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2017; 18:516-519. [PMID: 28487504 PMCID: PMC5434858 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.903747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia affecting older adults. As such, many of these patients suffer from co-existing disease states, and the provider must take these comorbidities into account when determining a treatment regimen. The widespread use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has drastically changed the treatment landscape of multiple diseases, ranging from leukemia to autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. CASE REPORT We present the case of a patient who had progression of his CLL and rheumatoid symptoms on rituximab therapy, and was subsequently treated with the second-generation anti-CD20 antibody obinutuzumab. Obinutuzumab therapy was associated with simultaneous sustained remission of both disease states, allowing for discontinuation of all other disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and prolonged remission of his CLL. CONCLUSIONS While anti-CD20 antibodies have a clear role in the treatment of leukemia and inflammatory conditions, the success of obinutuzumab in RA has not been fully evaluated. We present this case as further evidence of the strong role of anti-CD 20 therapy in multiple conditions, and the unique opportunity for control of simultaneous disease states through targeted inhibition of shared common pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis Lachowiez
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Atul Deodhar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Eliana Kozin
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Stephen Spurgeon
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
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29
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Afanasiev V, Demeret S, Bolgert F, Eymard B, Laforêt P, Benveniste O. Resistant myasthenia gravis and rituximab: A monocentric retrospective study of 28 patients. Neuromuscul Disord 2016; 27:251-258. [PMID: 28082209 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This retrospective study evaluated the efficiency and tolerance of rituximab in the management of resistant myasthenia gravis (MG). All patients who received rituximab for the treatment of MG between 2004 and 2015 at Pitié-Salpétrière University Hospital (Paris, France) were included. The efficacy of rituximab was evaluated every 6 months by the myasthenic muscle score (MMS), the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America - Clinical Classification (MGFA-CC), the MGFA Therapy Status and the Postintervention Status (PIS). All rituximab-related side effects were noted. Twenty-eight patients were included: 21 with anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies, 3 with anti-muscle-specific tyrosine kinase antibodies and 4 seronegatives. The mean age at day 1 of RTX was 50.6 ± 12.0 years. Patients previously received 1-4 immunosuppressants. The mean follow-up was 27.2 months (range: 6-60 months). The mean total dose of rituximab was 4.8 ± 2.5 g. The initial median MMS (58.8 points) improved significantly at M6 (74.5 ± 15.0 points; p < 0.0001) and remained stable thereafter: at M12: 75.9 ± 14.0 points (p = 0.00014), at M36: 72.5 ± 13.1 points (p = 0.0013). Among 16 patients with initial severe symptoms (MGFA-CC class IV), 14 improved. The PIS showed efficacy in about 50% of patients: at M6, 12/28 (43%) patients were considered improved. This benefit remained stable thereafter: at M12: 12/24, at M24: 7/17, at M36: 6/12. One patient developed a delayed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Based on the PIS, rituximab may be efficient in 50% of patients with MG resistant to immunosuppressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Afanasiev
- Assistance Public-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Immunopathology and Biotherapy (DHU i2B), Paris, France.
| | - Sophie Demeret
- Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Francis Bolgert
- Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Eymard
- Myology Institute, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Laforêt
- Myology Institute, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Benveniste
- Assistance Public-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Immunopathology and Biotherapy (DHU i2B), Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06, Myology research center, INSERM UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
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30
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Papiris SA, Manali ED, Kolilekas L, Kagouridis K, Maniati M, Filippatos G, Bouros D. Acute Respiratory Events in Connective Tissue Disorders. Respiration 2016; 91:181-201. [PMID: 26938462 DOI: 10.1159/000444535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Subacute-acute, hyperacute, or even catastrophic and fulminant respiratory events occur in almost all classic connective tissue disorders (CTDs); they may share systemic life-threatening manifestations, may precipitously lead to respiratory failure requiring ventilatory support as well as a combination of specific therapeutic measures, and in most affected patients constitute the devastating end-of-life event. In CTDs, acute respiratory events may be related to any respiratory compartment including the airways, lung parenchyma, alveolar capillaries, lung vessels, pleura, and ventilatory muscles. Acute respiratory events may also precipitate disease-specific extrapulmonary organ involvement such as aspiration pneumonia and lead to digestive tract involvement and heart-related respiratory events. Finally, antirheumatic drug-related acute respiratory toxicity as well as lung infections related to the rheumatic disease and/or to immunosuppression complete the spectrum of acute respiratory events. Overall, in CTDs the lungs significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality, since they constitute a common site of disease involvement; a major site of infections related to the 'mater' disease; a major site of drug-related toxicity, and a common site of treatment-related infectious complications. The extreme spectrum of the abovementioned events, as well as the 'vicious' coexistence of most of the aforementioned manifestations, requires skills, specific diagnostic and therapeutic means, and most of all a multidisciplinary approach of adequately prepared and expert scientists. Avoiding lung disease might represent a major concern for future advancements in the treatment of autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyros A Papiris
- 2nd Department of Pneumonology, x2018;Attikon' University Hospital, Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Kim Y, Kim EH, Lee KS, Lee K, Park SH, Na SH, Ko C, Kim J, Yooon YW. The effects of intra-articular resiniferatoxin on monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritic pain in rats. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 20:129-36. [PMID: 26807032 PMCID: PMC4722186 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2016.20.1.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate whether an intra-articular injection of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor agonist, resiniferatoxin (RTX) would alleviate behavioral signs of arthritic pain in a rat model of osteoarthritis (OA). We also sought to determine the effect of RTX treatment on calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) expression in the spinal cord. Knee joint inflammation was induced by intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA, 8 mg/50 µl) and weight bearing percentage on right and left hindpaws during walking, paw withdrawal threshold to mechanical stimulation, and paw withdrawal latency to heat were measured to evaluate pain behavior. Intra-articular administration of RTX (0.03, 0.003 and 0.0003%) at 2 weeks after the induction of knee joint inflammation significantly improved reduction of weight bearing on the ipsilateral hindlimb and increased paw withdrawal sensitivity to mechanical and heat stimuli. The reduction of pain behavior persisted for 3~10 days according to each behavioral test. The MIA-induced increase in CGRP immunoreactivity in the spinal cord was decreased by RTX treatment in a dose-dependent manner. The present study demonstrated that a single intra-articular administration of RTX reduced pain behaviors for a relatively long time in an experimental model of OA and could normalize OA-associated changes in peptide expression in the spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngkyung Kim
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea.; Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Kim
- Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Kyu Sang Lee
- School of Health and Fitness Management, College of Health and Welfare, Woosong University, Daejeon 34606, Korea
| | - Koeun Lee
- Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.; Department of Rehabilitation Policy and Standardization, National Rehabilitation Research Institute (KNRRI), Seoul 01022, Korea
| | - Sung Ho Park
- Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.; Department of Physical Therapy, Korea University College of Health Science, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Sook Hyun Na
- Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Cheolwoong Ko
- Advanced Biomedical and Welfare Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan 31056, Korea
| | - Junesun Kim
- Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.; Department of Physical Therapy, Korea University College of Health Science, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Young Wook Yooon
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
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A molecular perspective on rituximab: A monoclonal antibody for B cell non Hodgkin lymphoma and other affections. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2015; 97:275-90. [PMID: 26443686 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rituximab (a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody) is the first Food and Drug Administration approved anti-tumor antibody. Immunotherapy by rituximab, especially in combination-therapy, is a mainstay for a vast variety of B-cell malignancies therapy. Its therapeutic value is unquestionable, yet the mechanisms of action responsible for anti-tumor activity of rituximab and rituximab resistance mechanisms are not completely understood. Investigation of the mechanisms of action that contribute to the rituximab activity have eventually directed to a suite of novel combinations and novel treatment schedules, and also have resulted new generations of antibodies with more desired effects. Although, further investigations are needed to define the mechanisms of rituximab resistance and prominent effector activity of the altered next generation anti-CD20 to improve their efficacies and develop new anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies in NHL treatment. This article focuses on the properties of CD20 which led scientists to select it as an effective therapeutic target and the molecular details of mechanisms of rituximab action and resistance. We also discuss about the impact of rituximab in monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy regimens. Finally, we comparatively summarize the next generations of anti CD20 monoclonal antibodies to highlight their advantages relative to their ancestor: Rituximab.
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Abstract
Biologics, possibly in combination with a conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) - preferably methotrexate (MTX), are used in accordance with the recommendations of the international rheumatological societies. However, in clinical practice, this recommendation is often problematic, as many rheumatologists know from personal experience. The quality of life of the patient is affected mainly by drug-induced intolerances (eg, MTX). Thus, the acceptance of the patient to treatment is often so inadequate that a discontinuation of the drug is necessary. In daily practice, approximately 30% of patients with biological therapy receive no concomitant DMARD according to the register data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Detert
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pascal Klaus
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Yamada K, Oshiro Y, Okamura S, Fujisaki T, Kondo S, Nakayama Y, Suematsu E, Tamura K, Takeshita M. Clinicopathological characteristics and rituximab addition to cytotoxic therapies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and methotrexate-associated large B lymphoproliferative disorders. Histopathology 2015; 67:70-80. [DOI: 10.1111/his.12627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kozue Yamada
- Department of Pathology; Faculty of Medicine; Fukuoka University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Yumi Oshiro
- Department of Pathology; Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital; Matsuyama Japan
| | - Seiichi Okamura
- Department of Internal Medicine; Clinical Research Center; National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Tomoaki Fujisaki
- Department of Hematology; Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital; Matsuyama Japan
| | - Seiji Kondo
- Department of Internal Medicine; Clinical Research Center; National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Yoshifuku Nakayama
- Department of Pathology; Clinical Research Center; National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Eiichi Suematsu
- Department of Internal Medicine; Clinical Research Center; National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Kazuo Tamura
- Division of Medical Oncology, Hematology and Infectious Disease; Department of Internal Medicine; Faculty of Medicine; Fukuoka University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Morishige Takeshita
- Department of Pathology; Faculty of Medicine; Fukuoka University; Fukuoka Japan
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Sebastiani M, Anelli MG, Atzeni F, Bazzani C, Farina I, Fedele AL, Favalli EG, Fineschi I, Cino N, Dal Forno I, Gasparini S, Cassarà E, Giardina R, Bruschi E, Addimanda O, Cassone G, Lopriore S, Sarzi-Puttini P, Filippini M, Pignatti F, Gremese E, Biggioggero M, Manganelli S, Amato G, Caimmi C, Salaffi F, Iannone F, Ferri C, Sandri G, Lapadula G, Gorla R, Govoni M, Ferraccioli G, Marchesoni A, Galeazzi M, Foti R, Carletto A, Cantini F, Triolo G, Epis OM, Salvarani C. Efficacy and safety of rituximab with and without methotrexate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis patients: Results from the GISEA register. Joint Bone Spine 2014; 81:508-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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