1
|
Ferreira HB, Melo T, Paiva A, Domingues MDR. Insights in the Role of Lipids, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis Unveiled by New Trends in Lipidomic Investigations. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010045. [PMID: 33401700 PMCID: PMC7824304 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly debilitating chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease most prevalent in women. The true etiology of this disease is complex, multifactorial, and is yet to be completely elucidated. However, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation are associated with the development and pathogenesis of RA. In this case, oxidative damage biomarkers have been found to be significantly higher in RA patients, associated with the oxidation of biomolecules and the stimulation of inflammatory responses. Lipid peroxidation is one of the major consequences of oxidative stress, with the formation of deleterious lipid hydroperoxides and electrophilic reactive lipid species. Additionally, changes in the lipoprotein profile seem to be common in RA, contributing to cardiovascular diseases and a chronic inflammatory environment. Nevertheless, changes in the lipid profile at a molecular level in RA are still poorly understood. Therefore, the goal of this review was to gather all the information regarding lipid alterations in RA analyzed by mass spectrometry. Studies on the variation of lipid profile in RA using lipidomics showed that fatty acid and phospholipid metabolisms, especially in phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, are affected in this disease. These promising results could lead to the discovery of new diagnostic lipid biomarkers for early diagnosis of RA and targets for personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Beatriz Ferreira
- Mass Spectrometry Center & QOPNA/LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Center & QOPNA/LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Correspondence: (T.M.); (M.d.R.D.); Tel.: +351-234-370-698 (M.d.R.D.)
| | - Artur Paiva
- Unidade de Gestão Operacional em Citometria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
- Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, ESTESC-Coimbra Health School, Ciências Biomédicas Laboratoriais, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria do Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Center & QOPNA/LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Correspondence: (T.M.); (M.d.R.D.); Tel.: +351-234-370-698 (M.d.R.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yao Y, Cai X, Yu H, Xu Q, Li X, Yang Y, Meng X, Huang C, Li J. PSTPIP2 attenuates joint damage and suppresses inflammation in adjuvant-induced arthritis. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 859:172558. [PMID: 31325437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Proline-serine-threonine-phosphatase-interacting protein 2 (PSTPIP2) is related to inflammation. In this study, we investigated the function of PSTPIP2 in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) by using adeno-associated virus (AAV) to overexpress PSTPIP2 in rat. AIA rats were developed by injecting Lewis rats with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) on day 0. AAV-empty or AAV-PSTPIP2, or PBS was administered intraarticularly into each knee joint on day 8 postinduction. All animals were killed at day 18 after adjuvant injection. WB was used to detect the expression of PSTPIP2 in rat synovial tissues. Fluorescence microscopy showed the transduction efficiency in synovial tissue. The morphology of arthritic joints was examined by HE, safranin O/fast green, or Toluidine blue staining. The bone destruction was examined via X-ray and micro-CT analysis. Immunohistochemical analysis or TRAP staining were used to investigate the role of PSTPIP2 in osteoclasts and the expression of PSTPIP2 in synovial tissue. RT-qPCR and ELISA were used to examine the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in synovial tissue or serum. AIA rats were found to have decreased PSTPIP2 expression and AIA-associated bone loss and inflammatory infiltration. We showed that administration of AAV-PSTPIP2 before arthritis onset significantly reduces the severity of AIA. PSTPIP2 was highly expressed in synovial cells. In addition, inflammatory responses and the number of osteoclasts were reduced with AAV-PSTPIP2 treatment. These findings demonstrate that PSTPIP2 may improve the severity of AIA by inhibiting the function of fibroblast-like synoviocytes, suppressing inflammation and reducing the number of osteoclasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- The Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cai
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Haixia Yu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaoming Meng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jun Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Karami J, Aslani S, Jamshidi A, Garshasbi M, Mahmoudi M. Genetic implications in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis; an updated review. Gene 2019; 702:8-16. [PMID: 30904715 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Three important factors, including genetics, environment factors and autoimmunity play a role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The heritability of RA has been accounted to be 50-60%, while the HLA involvement in heritability of the disease has been accounted to be 10-40%. It has been documented that shared epitope (SE) alleles, such as HLA-DRB1*01 and DRB1*04, some HLA alleles like HLA-DRB1*13 and DRB1*15 are connected to RA susceptibility. An advanced classification of SE categorizes SE alleles into four main groups namely, S1, S2, S3D, and S3P. The S2 and S3P groups have been linked to susceptibility of seropositive RA. Various genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have discovered many susceptibility loci implicated in pathogenesis of RA. Some of the important single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked to RA are TRAF1, STAT4, CTLA4, IRF5, CCR6, PTPN22, IL23R, and PADI4. HLA and non-HLA genes may discriminate anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody-positive and anti-CCP-negative RA groups. Furthermore, risk of the disease has also been linked to environmental agents, mainly cigarette smoking. Pharmacogenomics has also confirmed SNPs or genetic patterns that might be linked to drugs responses. Different aspects of genetic involvement in the pathogenesis, etiology, and RA complications are reviewed in this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jafar Karami
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Jamshidi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Garshasbi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tao Y, Wang Z, Wang L, Shi J, Guo X, Zhou W, Wu X, Liu Y, Zhang W, Yang H, Shi Q, Xu Y, Geng D. Downregulation of miR-106b attenuates inflammatory responses and joint damage in collagen-induced arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2017; 56:1804-1813. [PMID: 28957555 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective miRNAs are small, signal-strand, non-coding RNAs that function in post-transcriptional regulation. We analysed the in vivo effect of miR-106b (miR-106b-5p) on inflammatory bone loss in CIA mice. Methods CIA mice are developed by injecting DAB/1 mice with bovine type II collagen containing Freund's adjuvant and then the in vivo effect of miR-106b is examined. On day 22, mice were given lentiviral negative control, lentiviral-mediated miR-106b mimics or lentiviral-mediated miR-106b inhibitor via orbital injection on a weekly basis. Morphological changes in the ankle joints were assessed via micro-CT and histopathology and cytokine expression levels were examined via immunohistochemical staining, ELISA or flow cytometric analysis. miR-106b and osteoclastic-related gene expression was evaluated via quantitative real-time PCR. Results CIA mice were found to have increased miR-106b expression and CIA-associated bone loss and inflammatory infiltration. miR-106b inhibitor treatment markedly decreased arthritis incidence and attenuated bone destruction and histological severity compared with the control group. Moreover, miR-106b inhibitor treatment suppressed RANK ligand (RANKL) expression, increased osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression and reduced the RANKL:OPG ratio in CIA mice. miR-106b inhibition also significantly decreased inflammatory mediator production in joint sections and reduced serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels when compared with the control group. Additionally, miR-106b inhibition decreased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cell numbers and suppressed murine bone marrow macrophage differentiation. Conclusion These findings indicate that miR-106b inhibition can ameliorate CIA-associated inflammation and bone destruction and thus may serve as a potential therapeutic for human RA treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Zhirong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu
| | - Liangliang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Jiawei Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Xiaobin Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Xiexing Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Wen Zhang
- Orthopedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Qin Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Yaozeng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bonato L, Quinelato V, Borojevic R, Vieira A, Modesto A, Granjeiro J, Tesch R, Casado P. Haplotypes of the RANK and OPG genes are associated with chronic arthralgia in individuals with and without temporomandibular disorders. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 46:1121-1129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
6
|
Knevel R, Huizinga TW, Kurreeman F. Genomic Influences on Susceptibility and Severity of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2017; 43:347-361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
7
|
Chaudhry M, Wilson AG. The role of genetic analysis for predicting outcome of rheumatoid arthritis. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2017; 17:809-814. [PMID: 28707487 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2017.1355732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) varies from a mild to a severe, unremitting illness characterized by uncontrolled inflammation with consequent damage to cartilage and bone of joints. Individualized therapeutic approaches based on likely outcome would facilitate a personalized therapeutic approach. Areas covered: Genetics is known to contribute a significant component of the variability in RA outcome, estimated at 45-60%. A number of candidate gene studies have been associated with variability in radiologically assessed joint damage; however a more comprehensive genome wide analysis is required to more fully characterize the genetic basis of RA severity. Expert commentary: Genetic profiling of patient presenting with RA has the potential to aid stratification based on predicted prognosis, this would inform the clinical development of a personalized therapeutic approach. It will also result in the identification of novel mediators of tissue damage in RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mamoonah Chaudhry
- a School of Medicine , UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Anthony G Wilson
- a School of Medicine , UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research , Dublin , Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Viatte S, Barton A. Genetics of rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility, severity, and treatment response. Semin Immunopathol 2017; 39:395-408. [PMID: 28555384 PMCID: PMC5486781 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-017-0630-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A decade after the first genome-wide association study in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a plethora of genetic association studies have been published on RA and its clinical or serological subtypes. We review the major milestones in the study of the genetic architecture of RA susceptibility, severity, and response to treatment. We set the scientific context necessary for non-geneticists to understand the potential clinical applications of human genetics and its significance for a stratified approach to the management of RA in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Viatte
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
| | - Anne Barton
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.,NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Grafton Street, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Effect of Osteoprotegerin and Dickkopf-Related Protein 1 on Radiological Progression in Tightly Controlled Rheumatoid Arthritis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166691. [PMID: 27911913 PMCID: PMC5135438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the association between circulating osteoprotegerin (OPG) and Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK-1) and radiological progression in patients with tightly controlled rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods Serum levels of OPG and DKK-1 were measured in 97 RA patients who were treated according to a treat-to-target strategy (T2T) aimed at remission (DAS28<2.6). Radiologic joint damage progression was assessed by changes in the total Sharp-van der Heijde score (SHS) on serial radiographs of the hands and feet. The independent association between these biomarker levels and the structural damage endpoint was examined using regression analysis Results The mean age of the 97 RA patients (68 women) at the time of the study was 54 ± 14 years, and the median disease duration was 1.6 ± 1.5 years. Most patients were seropositive for either RF or ACPA, and the large majority (76%) were in remission or had low disease activity. After a median follow-up time of 3.3 ± 1.5 years (range, 1–7.5 yrs.), the mean total SHS annual progression was 0.88 ± 2.20 units. Fifty-two percent of the patients had no progression (defined as a total SHS of zero). The mean serum OPG level did not change significantly over the study period (from 3.9 ± 1.8 to 4.07 ± 2.23 pmol/L), whereas the mean serum DKK-1 level decreased, although not significantly (from 29.9 ± 10.9 to 23.6 ± 18.8 pmol/L). In the multivariate analysis, the predictive factors increasing the likelihood of total SHS progression were age (OR per year = 1.10; p = 0.003) and a high mean C-reactive protein level over the study period (OR = 1.29; p = 0.005). Circulating OPG showed a protective effect reducing the likelihood of joint space narrowing by 60% (95% CI: 0.38–0.94) and the total SHS progression by 48% (95% CI: 0.28–0.83). The DKK-1 levels were not associated with radiological progression. Conclusion In patients with tightly controlled RA, serum OPG was inversely associated with progression of joint destruction. This biomarker may be useful in combination with other risk factors to improve prediction in patients in clinical remission or low disease activity state.
Collapse
|
10
|
Ruyssen-Witrand A, Degboé Y, Cantagrel A, Nigon D, Lukas C, Scaramuzzino S, Allanore Y, Vittecoq O, Schaeverbeke T, Morel J, Sibilia J, Cambon-Thomsen A, Dieudé P, Constantin A. Association between RANK, RANKL and OPG polymorphisms with ACPA and erosions in rheumatoid arthritis: results from a meta-analysis involving three French cohorts. RMD Open 2016; 2:e000226. [PMID: 27651922 PMCID: PMC5020667 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2015-000226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The RANK/RANKL/osteoprotegerin (OPG) system plays a central role in the pathogenesis of bone erosions in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to test the association between 11 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located on RANK, RANKL and OPG genes and anticitrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA) presence or erosions in RA. METHODS PATIENTS This work was performed on three independent samples of French patients with RA: the Etude de Suivi des PolyArthrites Indifférenciées Récentes (ESPOIR) (n=632), Rangueil Midi-Pyrénées (RMP) (n=249) and French Rheumatoid Arthritis Genetic Consortium (FRAGC) (n=590) cohorts. Genotyping: the genotyping of 11 SNPs located on RANK, RANKL and OPG were performed by PCR. STATISTICAL ANALYSES The association between the genotypes with ACPA or erosions was first tested in the ESPOIR cohort using a χ(2) test and, in the case of significant association, replicated in the RMP and FRACG cohorts. A meta-analysis on the three cohorts was performed using the Mantel-Haenszel method. RESULTS One SNP on RANK (rs8086340) and three SNPs on RANKL (rs7984870, rs7325635, rs1054016) were significantly associated with ACPA presence, while one SNP on OPG (rs2073618) and one SNP on RANKL (rs7325635) were significantly associated with erosions in the ESPOIR cohort. Following meta-analysis performed on the three samples, the SNP on RANK and the GGG haplotype of the three SNPs located on RANKL were both significantly associated with ACPA presence, while only the SNP on OPG remained significantly associated with erosions. CONCLUSIONS This study identified one SNP located on RANK, one haplotype on RANKL associated with ACPA presence, and one SNP located on OPG associated with erosions in three different samples of French patients with RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Ruyssen-Witrand
- UMR 1027, INSERM, Toulouse, France; University Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France; Rheumatology Center, Purpan Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Yannick Degboé
- University Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France; Rheumatology Center, Purpan Hospital, Toulouse, France; UMR 1043, INSERM, Toulouse, France
| | - A Cantagrel
- University Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France; Rheumatology Center, Purpan Hospital, Toulouse, France; UMR 1043, INSERM, Toulouse, France
| | - D Nigon
- Rheumatology Center, Purpan Hospital , Toulouse , France
| | - C Lukas
- Rheumatology Department , Lapeyronie Teaching Hospital , Montpellier , France
| | - S Scaramuzzino
- UMR 1027, INSERM, Toulouse, France; University Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Y Allanore
- Rheumatology Department , Cochin Teaching Hospital , Paris , France
| | - O Vittecoq
- Department of Rheumatology , Rouen University Hospital & INSERM U905 , Rouen , France
| | - T Schaeverbeke
- Rheumatology Department , Pellegrin Hospital , Bordeaux , France
| | - J Morel
- Rheumatology Department , Lapeyronie Teaching Hospital , Montpellier , France
| | - J Sibilia
- Department of Rheumatology , Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France
| | - A Cambon-Thomsen
- UMR 1027, INSERM, Toulouse, France; University Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - P Dieudé
- Rheumatology Department , Claude Bernard-Bichat Teaching Hospital, Paris VII University , Paris , France
| | - A Constantin
- University Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France; Rheumatology Center, Purpan Hospital, Toulouse, France; UMR 1043, INSERM, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Detert J, Burmester GR. [Treat to target and personalized medicine (precision medicine)]. Z Rheumatol 2016; 75:624-32. [PMID: 27365026 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-016-0137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Detert
- Klinik m.S. Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland.
| | - G R Burmester
- Klinik m.S. Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Association Between Osteoprotegerin Gene Polymorphisms and Rheumatoid Arthritis Susceptibility: A Meta-analysis. Arch Med Res 2016; 47:134-41. [PMID: 27156396 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We undertook this study to assess the association between osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene polymorphisms and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility. METHODS English language databases of PubMed Medline and OVID EMBASE and Chinese databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and Wanfang were searched to identify case-control studies studied the relationship between OPG gene polymorphisms and RA susceptibility. Two reviewers separately and repeatedly screened searched studies according to study selection criteria and collected data. Data analyses of five comparison models-allelic model, heterozygote model, homozygote model, dominant model and recessive model-were conducted in Review Manager Software 5.1. RESULTS A total of five studies including 1713 RA cases and 1845 controls were eligible in this meta-analysis. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs3102735 T/C or A/G, rs2073618 G/C and rs3134069 T/G, of OPG gene were studied. Data from five studies of SNPs rs3102735 were OR = 1.22, 95% CI 0.86-1.73, OR = 1.06, 95% CI 0.86-1.32, OR = 1.79, 95% CI 0.65-4.89, OR = 1.16, 95% CI 0.85-1.59, OR = 1.73, 95% CI 0.67-4.46, respectively, for the five comparison models in order. For SNPs rs2073618, results derived from three studies were OR = 1.06, 95% CI 0.95-1.19, OR = 1.11, 95% CI 0.94-1.31, OR = 1.09, 95% CI 0.84-1.42, OR = 1.10, 95% CI 0.94-1.30, OR = 1.04, 95% CI 0.84-1.30, respectively. With respect to SNPs rs3134069, only one study assessed the associations, reporting no statistically significant results among the five comparison models. CONCLUSION SNPs rs3102735, rs2073618 and rs3134069 of OPG gene polymorphisms are not susceptibility factors of RA based on currently available evidence.
Collapse
|
13
|
Genetic data: The new challenge of personalized medicine, insights for rheumatoid arthritis patients. Gene 2016; 583:90-101. [PMID: 26869316 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Rapid advances in genotyping technology, analytical methods, and the establishment of large cohorts for population genetic studies have resulted in a large new body of information about the genetic basis of human rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Improved understanding of the root pathogenesis of the disease holds the promise of improved diagnostic and prognostic tools based upon this information. In this review, we summarize the nature of new genetic findings in human RA, including susceptibility loci and gene-gene and gene-environment interactions, as well as genetic loci associated with sub-groups of patients and those associated with response to therapy. Possible uses of these data are discussed, such as prediction of disease risk as well as personalized therapy and prediction of therapeutic response and risk of adverse events. While these applications are largely not refined to the point of clinical utility in RA, it seems likely that multi-parameter datasets including genetic, clinical, and biomarker data will be employed in the future care of RA patients.
Collapse
|
14
|
van Steenbergen HW, van Nies JAB, Ruyssen-Witrand A, Huizinga TWJ, Cantagrel A, Berenbaum F, van der Helm-van Mil AHM. IL2RA is associated with persistence of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:244. [PMID: 26350950 PMCID: PMC4563834 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0739-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is generally a chronic disease, a proportion of RA-patients achieve disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD)-free sustained remission, reflecting loss of disease-persistence. To explore mechanisms underlying RA-persistence, we performed a candidate gene study. We hypothesized that variants associating with lack of radiographic progression also associate with DMARD-free sustained remission. METHODS 645 Dutch RA-patients were studied on DMARD-free sustained remission during a maximal follow-up duration of 10-years. Variants associated with radiographic progression under an additive model in the total RA-population (Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA)-DRB1-shared epitope (SE), Dickkopf-1 (DKK1)-rs1896368, DKK1-rs1896367, DKK1-rs1528873, C5Orf30-rs26232, Interleukin-2 receptor-α (IL2RA)-rs2104286, Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)-rs11908352, rs451066 and Osteoprotegerin (OPG)-rs1485305) were studied. Cox-regression analyses were performed and Bonferroni correction applied. Soluble IL2Rα (sIL2Rα)-levels were studied. For replication, 622 RA-patients included in the French Evaluation et Suivi de POlyarthrites Indifférenciées Récentes cohort (ESPOIR)-cohort were investigated. Results were combined in inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis. RESULTS Similar as previously reported, the SE-alleles associated with less remission (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.57, 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) = 0.42-0.77, p = 2.72×10(-4)). Variants in DKK-1, C5orf30, MMP-9 and OPG were not associated with remission. The IL2RA-rs2104286 minor allele associated with a higher chance on remission (HR = 1.52, 95 % CI = 1.16-1.99, p = 2.44×10(-3)). The rs2104286 minor allele associated with lower sIL2Rα-levels (p = 1.44×10(-3)); lower sIL2Rα-levels associated with a higher chance on remission (HR per 100 pg/L = 0.81, 95 % CI = 0.68-0.95, p = 0.012). When including rs2104286 and sIL2Rα-levels in one analysis, the HR for rs2104286 was 2.27 (95 % CI = 1.06-4.84, p = 0.034) and for sIL2Rα 0.83 (95 % CI = 0.70-0.98, p = 0.026). Within ESPOIR, the HR of rs2104286 was 1.31 (95 % CI = 0.90-1.90). The meta-analysis revealed a p-value of 1.01×10(-3). CONCLUSION IL2RA-rs2104286 and sIL2Rα-level associated with RA-persistence. IL2RA variants are known to protect against multiple sclerosis, diabetes mellitus and RA. Besides HLA-SE, IL2RA-rs2104286 is thus far the only known genetic variant associated with both joint destruction and RA-persistence. This underlines the relevance of IL2RA for RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H W van Steenbergen
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300, RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - J A B van Nies
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300, RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - A Ruyssen-Witrand
- Department of Rheumatology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
| | - T W J Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300, RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Al Cantagrel
- Department of Rheumatology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
| | - F Berenbaum
- University of Paris 06 UPMC, UMR_S-938, 75005 Paris France, Department of Rheumatology, AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, 184, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Antoine, 75012, Paris, France.
| | - A H M van der Helm-van Mil
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300, RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Audo R, Daien C, Papon L, Lukas C, Vittecoq O, Hahne M, Combe B, Morel J. Osteoprotegerin and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand as prognostic factors in rheumatoid arthritis: results from the ESPOIR cohort. Arthritis Res Ther 2015. [PMID: 26220665 PMCID: PMC4518710 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0705-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction We previously reported that low ratio of osteoprotegerin (OPG) to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) was associated with Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) remission at 6 months in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we aimed to evaluate the value of baseline OPG/TRAIL ratio in predicting clinical and radiological outcomes in patients with early RA in the ESPOIR cohort. Methods OPG and TRAIL serum concentrations were assessed in the ESPOIR cohort patients. Patients with definite RA were included in this study. Patients were excluded if they had high erosion score at baseline (>90th percentile) or received biological therapy during the first 2 years of follow-up. Data were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression to predict 1-year DAS28 remission and 2-year radiographic disease progression. Results On univariate analysis of 399 patients, OPG/TRAIL ratio at baseline was significantly lower in patients with than without remission at 1 year (p = 0.015). On multivariate logistic regression including age, gender, body mass index and DAS28, low OPG/TRAIL ratio was independently associated with remission at 1 year (odds ratio 1.68 [95 % confidence interval 1.01–2.79]). On univariate analysis, high OPG/TRAIL ratio at baseline was associated with rapid progression of erosion at 2 years (p = 0.041), and on multivariate logistic regression including age, anti-citrullinated protein antibody positivity and C-reactive protein level, OPG/TRAIL ratio independently predicted rapid progression of erosion at 2 years. Conclusions OPG/TRAIL ratio at baseline was an independent predictor of 1-year remission and 2-year rapid progression of erosion for patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. Thus, OPG/TRAIL ratio could be included in matrix prediction scores to predict rapid radiographic progression. Further confirmation in an independent cohort is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Audo
- Department of Rheumatology, Lapeyronie Hospital, Montpellier University, 371 avenue doyen Giraud, 34295, Montpellier, France. .,Montpellier University, 163 rue Auguste Broussonnet, 34000, Montpellier, France. .,Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS-UMR 5535, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France.
| | - Claire Daien
- Department of Rheumatology, Lapeyronie Hospital, Montpellier University, 371 avenue doyen Giraud, 34295, Montpellier, France. .,Montpellier University, 163 rue Auguste Broussonnet, 34000, Montpellier, France. .,Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS-UMR 5535, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France.
| | - Laura Papon
- Montpellier University, 163 rue Auguste Broussonnet, 34000, Montpellier, France. .,Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS-UMR 5535, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France.
| | - Cédric Lukas
- Department of Rheumatology, Lapeyronie Hospital, Montpellier University, 371 avenue doyen Giraud, 34295, Montpellier, France. .,Montpellier University, 163 rue Auguste Broussonnet, 34000, Montpellier, France.
| | - Olivier Vittecoq
- Department of Rheumatology and CIC/CRB 1404, Rouen University Hospital, Inserm U 905, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen, France.
| | - Michael Hahne
- Montpellier University, 163 rue Auguste Broussonnet, 34000, Montpellier, France. .,Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS-UMR 5535, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France. .,Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Bernard Combe
- Department of Rheumatology, Lapeyronie Hospital, Montpellier University, 371 avenue doyen Giraud, 34295, Montpellier, France. .,Montpellier University, 163 rue Auguste Broussonnet, 34000, Montpellier, France. .,Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS-UMR 5535, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France.
| | - Jacques Morel
- Department of Rheumatology, Lapeyronie Hospital, Montpellier University, 371 avenue doyen Giraud, 34295, Montpellier, France. .,Montpellier University, 163 rue Auguste Broussonnet, 34000, Montpellier, France. .,Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS-UMR 5535, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rzepka R, Dołęgowska B, Sałata D, Rajewska A, Budkowska M, Domański L, Kwiatkowski S, Mikołajek-Bedner W, Torbé A. Soluble receptors for advanced glycation end products and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand serum levels as markers of premature labor. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2015; 15:134. [PMID: 26059227 PMCID: PMC4461927 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-015-0559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to determine the relationships between secretory and endogenous secretory receptors for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE, esRAGE), sRANKL, osteoprotegerin and the interval from diagnosis of threatened premature labor or premature rupture of the fetal membranes to delivery, and to evaluate the prognostic values of the assessed parameters for preterm birth. Methods Ninety women between 22 and 36 weeks’ gestation were included and divided into two groups: group A comprised 41 women at 22 to 36 weeks’ gestation who were suffering from threatened premature labor; and group B comprised 49 women at 22 to 36 weeks’ gestation with preterm premature rupture of the membranes. Levels of sRAGE, esRAGE, sRANKL, and osteoprotegerin were measured. The Mann–Whitney test was used to assess differences in parameters between the groups. For statistical analysis of relationships, correlation coefficients were estimated using Spearman’s test. Receiver operating characteristics were used to determine the cut-off point and predictive values. Results In group A, sRAGE and sRANKL levels were correlated with the latent time from symptoms until delivery (r = 0.422; r = −0.341, respectively). The sensitivities of sRANKL and sRAGE levels for predicting preterm delivery were 0.895 and 0.929 with a negative predictive value (NPV) of 0.857 and 0.929, respectively. In group B, sRAGE and sRANKL levels were correlated with the latent time from pPROM until delivery (r = 0.381; r = −0.439). The sensitivity of sRANKL and sRAGE for predicting delivery within 24 h after pPROM was 0.682 and 0.318, with NPVs of 0.741 and 0.625, respectively. Levels of esRAGE and sRANKL were lower in group A than in group B (median = 490.2 vs 541.1 pg/mL; median = 6425.0 vs 11362.5 pg/mL, respectively). Conclusions Correlations between sRAGE, sRANKL, and pregnancy duration after the onset of symptoms suggest their role in preterm delivery. The high prognostic values of these biomarkers indicate their usefulness in diagnosis of pregnancies with threatened premature labor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Rzepka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Barbara Dołęgowska
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Molecular Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Daria Sałata
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Molecular Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Rajewska
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Marta Budkowska
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Molecular Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Leszek Domański
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Sebastian Kwiatkowski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Wioletta Mikołajek-Bedner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Torbé
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111, Szczecin, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pratt AG, Isaacs JD. Genotyping in rheumatoid arthritis: a game changer in clinical management? Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2015; 11:303-5. [PMID: 25644535 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2015.1008454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a genetically complex disease of immune dysregulation characterized by painful inflammation of synovial joints. Despite advances in its management afforded by biologic drug development, efforts to improve outcomes for patients are confounded by the condition's heterogeneous pathobiology, and consequent variability in therapeutic responses. Great strides have been made in understanding the genetic epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis since its association with the HLA locus was established in the 1980s, with over 100 additional disease-associated variants now confirmed through cumulative genome-wide association studies. Yet translation of this new knowledge for patient benefit - whether as a route to predicting disease risk, drug development or personalized medicine - has been slow. To address this, collaborating teams of interdisciplinary scientists will need to pool resources, including ever larger, well-characterized patient cohorts and sophisticated biostatistical approaches. Recent advances suggest that the fruits of these endeavors are beginning to come within reach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur G Pratt
- Institute of Cellular Medicine (Musculoskeletal Research Group), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
van Steenbergen HW, Rodríguez-Rodríguez L, Berglin E, Zhernakova A, Knevel R, Ivorra-Cortés J, Huizinga TWJ, Fernández-Gutiérrez B, Gregersen PK, Rantapää-Dahlqvist S, van der Helm-van Mil AHM. A genetic study on C5-TRAF1 and progression of joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:1. [PMID: 25566937 PMCID: PMC4318544 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-014-0514-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The severity of joint damage progression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is heritable. Several genetic variants have been identified, but together explain only part of the total genetic effect. Variants in Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), C5-TRAF1, and Fc-receptor-like-3 (FCRL3) have been described to associate with radiographic progression, but results of different studies were incongruent. We aimed to clarify associations of these variants with radiographic progression by evaluating six independent cohorts. Methods In total 5,895 sets of radiographs of 2,493 RA-patients included in six different independent datasets from the Netherlands, Sweden, Spain and North-America were studied in relation to rs1800795 (IL-6), rs1800896 (IL-10), rs2900180 (C5-TRAF1) and rs7528684 (FCRL3). Associations were tested in the total RA-populations and in anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA)-positive and ACPA-negative subgroups per cohort, followed by meta-analyses. Furthermore, the associated region C5-TRAF1 was fine-mapped in the ACPA-negative Dutch RA-patients. Results No associations were found for rs1800795 (IL-6), rs1800896 (IL-10) and rs7528684 (FCRL3) in the total RA-population and after stratification for ACPA. Rs2900180 in C5-TRAF1 was associated with radiographic progression in the ACPA-negative population (P-value meta-analysis = 5.85 × 10−7); the minor allele was associated with more radiographic progression. Fine-mapping revealed a region of 66Kb that was associated; the lowest P-value was for rs7021880 in TRAF1. The P-value for rs7021880 in meta-analysis was 6.35 × 10−8. Previous studies indicate that the region of rs7021880 was associated with RNA expression of TRAF1 and C5. Conclusion Variants in IL-6, IL-10 and FCRL3 were not associated with radiographic progression. Rs2900180 in C5-TRAF1 and linked variants in a 66Kb region were associated with radiographic progression in ACPA-negative RA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13075-014-0514-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|