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Agostini A, Borgheresi A, Mariotti F, Ottaviani L, Carotti M, Valenti M, Giovagnoni A. New frontiers in oncological imaging with Computed Tomography: from morphology to function. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2023; 44:214-227. [PMID: 37245886 DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Arterial spin labeling and diffusion-weighted imaging for identification of retropharyngeal lymph nodes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Imaging 2022; 22:40. [PMID: 35978445 PMCID: PMC9387018 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-022-00480-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the parameters derived from arterial spin labeling (ASL) and multi-b-value diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for differentiating retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RLNs) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods This prospective study included 50 newly diagnosed NPC and 23 healthy control (HC) participants. RLNs of NPC were diagnosed according to the follow-up MRI after radiotherapy. Parameters derived from ASL and multi-b-value DWI, and RLNs axial size on pre-treatment MRI among groups were compared. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the diagnostic efficiency. Results A total of 133 RLNs were collected and divided into a metastatic group (n = 71) and two non-metastatic groups (n = 62, including 29 nodes from NPC and 33 nodes from HC). The axial size, blood flow (BF), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of RLNs were significantly different between the metastasis and the non-metastasis group. For NPC patients with a short axis < 5 mm or < 6 mm, or long axis < 7 mm, if BF > 54 mL/min/100 g or ADC ≤ 0.95 × 10−3 mm2/s, the RLNs were still considered metastatic. Compared with the index alone, a combination of size and functional parameters could improve the accuracy significantly, except the long axis combined with ADC; especially, combined size with BF exhibited better performance with an accuracy of 91.00–92.00%. Conclusions ASL and multi-b-value DWI could help determine the N stage of NPC, while the BF combination with RLNs size may significantly improve the diagnostic efficiency. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40644-022-00480-4.
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Soliman MA, Guccione J, Reiter AM, Moawad AW, Etchison A, Kamel S, Khatchikian AD, Elsayes KM. Current Concepts in Multi-Modality Imaging of Solid Tumor Angiogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113239. [PMID: 33153067 PMCID: PMC7692820 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The recent increase in the use of targeted molecular therapy including anti-angiogenetic agents in cancer treatment necessitate the use of robust tools to assess and guide treatment. Angiogenesis, the formation of new disorganized blood vessels, is used by tumor cells to grow and spread using different mechanisms that could be targeted by anti-angiogenetic agents. In this review, we discuss the biological principles of tumor angiogenesis and the imaging modalities that could provide information beyond gross tumor size and morphology to capture the efficacy of anti-angiogenetic therapeutic response. Abstract There have been rapid advancements in cancer treatment in recent years, including targeted molecular therapy and the emergence of anti-angiogenic agents, which necessitate the need to quickly and accurately assess treatment response. The ideal tool is robust and non-invasive so that the treatment can be rapidly adjusted or discontinued based on efficacy. Since targeted therapies primarily affect tumor angiogenesis, morphological assessment based on tumor size alone may be insufficient, and other imaging modalities and features may be more helpful in assessing response. This review aims to discuss the biological principles of tumor angiogenesis and the multi-modality imaging evaluation of anti-angiogenic therapeutic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moataz A. Soliman
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60201, USA;
| | - Jeffrey Guccione
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Anna M. Reiter
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
| | - Ahmed W. Moawad
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Ashley Etchison
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 76798, USA;
| | - Serageldin Kamel
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Aline D. Khatchikian
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada;
| | - Khaled M. Elsayes
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Correspondence:
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Spectral CT and its specific values in the staging of patients with non-small cell lung cancer: technical possibilities and clinical impact. Clin Radiol 2019; 74:456-466. [PMID: 30905380 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate how spectral computed tomography (SCT) values impact the staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and thirteen patients with confirmed NSCLC were included in a prospective cohort study. All patients underwent single-phase contrast-enhanced SCT (using the fast tube voltage switching technique, 80-140 kV). SCT values (iodine content [IC], spectral slope pitch, and radiodensity increase) of malignant tissue (primary and metastases) and lymph nodes (LNs) were measured. Adrenal masses were evaluated in a virtual non-contrast series (VNS). If pulmonary embolism was present, pulmonary perfusion was analysed as an additional finding. RESULTS Fifty-two untreated primary NSCLC lesions were evaluable. Lung adenocarcinoma had significantly higher normalised IC (NIC: 19.37) than squamous cell carcinoma (NIC: 12.03; p=0.035). Pulmonary metastases were not significantly different from benign lung nodules. A total of 126 LNs were analysed and histologically proven metastatic LNs (2.08 mg/ml) had significantly lower IC than benign LNs (2.58 mg/ml; p=0.023). Among 34 adrenal masses, VNS identified adenomas with high sensitivity (91%) and specificity (100%). In two patients, a perfusion defect due to pulmonary embolism was detected in the iodine images. CONCLUSION SCT may contribute to the differentiation of histological NSCLC subtypes and improve the identification of LN metastases. VNS differentiates adrenal adenoma from metastasis. In case of pulmonary embolism, iodine imaging can visualise associated pulmonary perfusion defects.
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Düzgün F, Tarhan S, Ovalı GY, Eskiizmir G, Pabuşçu Y. Is computed tomography perfusion a useful method for distinguishing between benign and malignant neck masses? EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2018. [PMID: 28636734 DOI: 10.1177/014556131709600601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluation of neck masses is frequent in ear, nose, and throat clinics. Successful outcomes associated with neck mass are directly related to rapid diagnosis and accurate treatment for each patient. Late diagnosis of a malignant mass increases the magnitude of morbidity and the rate of mortality of the disease. Although magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography (CT) examinations are important tools for evaluating head and neck pathologies, they do not allow functional evaluation. For this reason, CT perfusion (CTP) as a method of functional evaluation for distinguishing benign from malignant masses is gaining attention. The utility of CTP for distinguishing between benign and malignant mass lesions was investigated in 35 patients with masses in the neck (11 benign, 24 malignant). CTP was shown to be a useful method for identifying head and neck tumors and blood volume values to enable the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant head and neck tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Düzgün
- Department of Radiology, Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, 45030 Manisa, Turkey.
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Lin OY, Lu GM. Features of Computed Tomography Perfusion of Mediastinal Lymphadenopathies: a Pathology-based Retrospective Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 30:162-9. [DOI: 10.1016/s1001-9294(15)30041-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Quantitative analysis for breast density estimation in low dose chest CT scans. J Med Syst 2014; 38:21. [PMID: 24643751 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-014-0021-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A computational method was developed for the measurement of breast density using chest computed tomography (CT) images and the correlation between that and mammographic density. Sixty-nine asymptomatic Asian women (138 breasts) were studied. With the marked lung area and pectoralis muscle line in a template slice, demons algorithm was applied to the consecutive CT slices for automatically generating the defined breast area. The breast area was then analyzed using fuzzy c-mean clustering to separate fibroglandular tissue from fat tissues. The fibroglandular clusters obtained from all CT slices were summed then divided by the summation of the total breast area to calculate the percent density for CT. The results were compared with the density estimated from mammographic images. For CT breast density, the coefficient of variations of intraoperator and interoperator measurement were 3.00 % (0.59 %-8.52 %) and 3.09 % (0.20 %-6.98 %), respectively. Breast density measured from CT (22 ± 0.6 %) was lower than that of mammography (34 ± 1.9 %) with Pearson correlation coefficient of r=0.88. The results suggested that breast density measured from chest CT images correlated well with that from mammography. Reproducible 3D information on breast density can be obtained with the proposed CT-based quantification methods.
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Detection of subsequent cervical lymph node metastasis in a patient with gingival carcinoma using computed tomography perfusion with a single-compartment kinetic model. Oral Radiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11282-013-0153-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Spira D, Wecker M, Spira SM, Hetzel J, Spengler W, Sauter A, Horger M. Does volume perfusion computed tomography enable differentiation of metastatic and non-metastatic mediastinal lymph nodes in lung cancer patients? A feasibility study. Cancer Imaging 2013; 13:323-31. [PMID: 23876521 PMCID: PMC3719054 DOI: 10.1102/1470-7330.2013.0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the perfusion characteristics of mediastinal lymph node metastases with those of non-metastatic nodes in patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer using volume perfusion computed tomography (VPCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Between January 2010 and October 2011, 101 patients with histologically confirmed, untreated lung cancer received a 40-s VPCT of the tumor bulk; 32/101 patients had evident hilar/mediastinal metastatic disease and 17/101 patients had proven non-metastasized lymph nodes within the VPCT scan range. Validation or exclusion of metastatic node involvement was proven by mediastinoscopy, biopsy, positron emission tomography imaging and/or unequivocal volume dynamics on follow-up computed tomography. A total of 45 metastases and 23 non-metastatic lymph nodes were found within the scan range and subsequently evaluated. Blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV) and K(trans) were determined. Tumor volume was recorded as whole tumor volume. RESULTS In a comparison between metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes, we controlled for age, lymph node volume, lung tumor volume, lung tumor location, and histologic type effects and found no significant differences with respect to BF, BV, K(trans) or heterogeneity in nodal perfusion (P > 0.05, respectively), even after adjusting lymph node perfusion values to the perfusion parameters of the primary tumor (P > 0.05, respectively). Metastatic lymph node volume had a significant increasing effect on perfusion heterogeneity (P < 0.05, respectively) and BV in the primary was a highly significant factor for BV in metastatic disease (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Perfusion characteristics of mediastinal metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes in untreated lung cancer show considerable overlap, so that a reliable differentiation via VPCT is not possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Spira
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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Squamous cell cancer of hypopharynx and larynx – Evaluation of metastatic nodal disease based on computed tomography perfusion studies. Eur J Radiol 2012; 81:1034-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2011.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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de Bazelaire C, Calmon R, Thomassin I, Brunon C, Hamy AS, Fournier L, Balvay D, Espié M, Siauve N, Clément O, de Kerviler E, Cuénod CA. Accuracy of perfusion MRI with high spatial but low temporal resolution to assess invasive breast cancer response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a retrospective study. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:361. [PMID: 21854572 PMCID: PMC3173447 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2011] [Accepted: 08/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To illustrate that Breast-MRI performed in high spatial resolution and low temporal resolution (1 minute) allows the measurement of kinetic parameters that can assess the final pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. Methods Breast-MRI was performed in 24 women before and after treatment. Eight series of 1.11 minute-duration were acquired with a sub-millimeter spatial resolution. Transfer constant (Ktrans) and leakage space (Ve) were calculated using measured and theoretical Arterial Input Function (AIF). Changes in kinetic parameters after treatment obtained with both AIFs were compared with final pathologic response graded in non-responder (< 50% therapeutic effect), partial-responder (> 50% therapeutic effect) and complete responder. Accuracies to identify non-responders were compared with receiver operating characteristic curves. Results With measured-AIF, changes in kinetic parameters measured after treatment were in agreement with the final pathological response. Changes in Ve and Ktrans were significantly different between non-(N = 11), partial-(N = 7), and complete (N = 6) responders, (P = 0.0092 and P = 0.0398 respectively). A decrease in Ve of more than -72% and more than -84% for Ktrans resulted in 73% sensitivity for identifying non-responders (specificity 92% and 77% respectively). A decrease in Ve of more than -87% helped to identify complete responders (Sensitivity 89%, Specificity 83%). With theoretical-AIF, changes in kinetic parameters had lower accuracy. Conclusion There is a good agreement between pathological findings and changes in kinetic parameters obtained with breast-MRI in high spatial and low temporal resolution when measured-AIF is used. Further studies are necessary to confirm whether MRI contrast kinetic parameters can be used earlier as a response predictor to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric de Bazelaire
- Radiologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis - Inserm U728 - Université Paris VII, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, Paris, 75010, France.
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DEGANELLO A, GITTI G, MECCARIELLO G, PARRINELLO G, MANNELLI G, GALLO O. Effectiveness and pitfalls of elective neck dissection in N0 laryngeal cancer. ACTA OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGICA ITALICA : ORGANO UFFICIALE DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI OTORINOLARINGOLOGIA E CHIRURGIA CERVICO-FACCIALE 2011; 31:216-21. [PMID: 22058599 PMCID: PMC3203726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 05/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and potential pitfalls of selective neck dissection of levels II-IV in controlling occult neck disease in clinically negative neck (cN0) of patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Charts of 96 consecutive cN0 laryngeal cancer patients undergoing 122 neck dissections at the University of Florence from January 2000 to December 2004 were reviewed. N0 neck was defined with contrast enhanced computed tomography scan. Occult neck disease rate was 12.5%, involvement per level was: 47.6% at level II, 38.1% at level III, 9.5% at level IV. Six patients developed neck recurrence (6.25%) after selective neck dissection of levels II-IV within the first two years after treatment. In conclusion, selective neck dissection of levels II-IV is effective in N0 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma; posterior limits of surgical resection are missing therefore if post-operative radiation is required, the field should be extended beyond the dissected levels. The low incidence of occult neck disease indicates the need to refine treatment strategy, restricting elective neck dissection only to supraglottic T2 with epilaryngeal involvement, supraglottic T3-4 and glottic T4 tumours, and considering a "wait and see" protocol implemented with imaging techniques and cytological assessments for other lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. DEGANELLO
- Address or correspondence: Dr. Alberto Deganello, Clinica di Otorinolaringologia Chirurgia Testa e Collo, Dipartimento di Scienze Chiurrgiche, Università di Firenze, viale Morgagni 85, 50134 Firenze, Italy. Fax: +39 055 435649. E-mail:
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Sree SV, Ng EYK, Acharya RU, Faust O. Breast imaging: A survey. World J Clin Oncol 2011; 2:171-8. [PMID: 21611093 PMCID: PMC3100484 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v2.i4.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2010] [Revised: 01/07/2011] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women. It occurs when cells in the breast start to grow out of proportion and invade neighboring tissues or spread throughout the body. Mammography is one of the most effective and popular modalities presently used for breast cancer screening and detection. Efforts have been made to improve the accuracy of breast cancer diagnosis using different imaging modalities. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging have been used to detect breast cancers in high risk patients. Recently, electrical impedance imaging and nuclear medicine techniques are also being widely used for breast cancer screening and diagnosis. In this paper, we discuss the capabilities of various breast imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subbhuraam Vinitha Sree
- Subbhuraam Vinitha Sree, Eddie Yin-Kwee Ng, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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Trojanowski P, Klatka J, Trojanowska A, Jargiełło T, Drop A. Evaluation of cervical lymph nodes with CT perfusion in patients with hypopharyngeal and laryngeal squamous cell cancer. Pol J Radiol 2011; 76:7-13. [PMID: 22802810 PMCID: PMC3389909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer, metastases in cervical lymph nodes still remain the single most important negative predicting factor. Their presence reduces overall 5-year survival by 50%. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of computed tomography perfusion (CTP) for differentiation between metastatic and non-metastatic cervical lymph nodes in patients with squamous cell cancer of hypopharynx and larynx. MATERIAL/METHODS This was a prospective single center study of 18 consecutive patients. Eleven patients with squamous cell cancer of the hypopharynx and seven patients with laryngeal cancer underwent CT examination of the neck followed by CTP. Group II, III, and V of lymph nodes were evaluated. Perfusion maps of basic parameters (blood flow [BF], blood volume [BV], mean transit time [MTT] and permeability surface [PS]) were reconstructed for all patients. In all patients resection of primary tumour along with neck dissection was performed. Lymph nodes underwent histopathological examinations for presence of metastases. CTP parameters were related with histological analysis of resected nodes. RESULTS CTP and histological findings of 65 nodes were correlated. 24 of them were metastatic and 41 were non-metastatic. Metastatic nodes showed significant hyperperfusion, comparing to non-metastatic ones. An average value of BF in metastatic nodes was 136.4 ml/100 g/min, BV was 7.7 ml/100 g, MTT was 4.4 s and PS was 19.4 ml/100 g/min. The average values for non-metastatic nodes were: BF was 80.7 ml/100 g/min, BV was 4.7 ml/100 g, MTT was 5.6 s and PS was 12.8 ml/100 g/min. The differences were significantly higher for BF, BV and PS values (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS CTP may be useful in differentiation between metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes, based on evaluation of the value of BF, BV and PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Trojanowski
- Chair and Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland,Author’s address: Piotr Trojanowski, Chair and Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8 St., 20-954 Lublin, Poland, e-mail:
| | - Janusz Klatka
- Chair and Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Jargiełło
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Drop
- 1st Department of General Radiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Turkbey B, Kobayashi H, Ogawa M, Bernardo M, Choyke PL. Imaging of tumor angiogenesis: functional or targeted? AJR Am J Roentgenol 2009; 193:304-13. [PMID: 19620425 PMCID: PMC3523171 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.09.2869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Angiogenesis--the growth of new vessels--is both a normal physiologic response and a critical step in many pathologic processes, particularly cancer. Imaging has long relied on the different enhancement characteristics of cancer compared with normal tissue; the information generated is often primarily morphologic and qualitative. However, more quantitative methods based on functional and targeted imaging have recently emerged. CONCLUSION In this article, we review both functional and targeted imaging techniques for assessing tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Turkbey
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr., MSC 1182, Bldg. 10, Rm. 1B40, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088, USA
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Effect of intravenous contrast agent volume on colorectal cancer vascular parameters as measured by perfusion computed tomography. Clin Radiol 2009; 64:368-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2008.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2008] [Revised: 08/22/2008] [Accepted: 08/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Goh V, Sanghera B, Wellsted DM, Sundin J, Halligan S. Assessment of the spatial pattern of colorectal tumour perfusion estimated at perfusion CT using two-dimensional fractal analysis. Eur Radiol 2009; 19:1358-65. [PMID: 19190914 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-009-1304-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2008] [Revised: 12/12/2008] [Accepted: 12/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate the feasibility of fractal analysis for assessing the spatial pattern of colorectal tumour perfusion at dynamic contrast-enhanced CT (perfusion CT). Twenty patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma underwent a 65-s perfusion CT study from which a perfusion parametric map was generated using validated commercial software. The tumour was identified by an experienced radiologist, segmented via thresholding and fractal analysis applied using in-house software: fractal dimension, abundance and lacunarity were assessed for the entire outlined tumour and for selected representative areas within the tumour of low and high perfusion. Comparison was made with ten patients with normal colons, processed in a similar manner, using two-way mixed analysis of variance with statistical significance at the 5% level. Fractal values were higher in cancer than normal colon (p < or = 0.001): mean (SD) 1.71 (0.07) versus 1.61 (0.07) for fractal dimension and 7.82 (0.62) and 6.89 (0.47) for fractal abundance. Fractal values were lower in 'high' than 'low' perfusion areas. Lacunarity curves were shifted to the right for cancer compared with normal colon. In conclusion, colorectal cancer mapped by perfusion CT demonstrates fractal properties. Fractal analysis is feasible, potentially providing a quantitative measure of the spatial pattern of tumour perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky Goh
- Paul Strickland Scanner Centre, Mount Vernon Hospital, Rickmansworth Road, Northwood, Middlesex, HA6 2RN, UK.
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Groves AM, Wishart GC, Shastry M, Moyle P, Iddles S, Britton P, Gaskarth M, Warren RM, Ell PJ, Miles KA. Metabolic–flow relationships in primary breast cancer: feasibility of combined PET/dynamic contrast-enhanced CT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2008; 36:416-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-008-0948-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2008] [Accepted: 08/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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