1
|
Agrawal P, Jain N, Gopalan V, Timon A, Singh A, Rajagopal PS, Hannenhalli S. Network-based approach elucidates critical genes in BRCA subtypes and chemotherapy response in triple negative breast cancer. iScience 2024; 27:109752. [PMID: 38699227 PMCID: PMC11063905 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancers (BRCA) exhibit substantial transcriptional heterogeneity, posing a significant clinical challenge. The global transcriptional changes in a disease context, however, are likely mediated by few key genes which reflect disease etiology better than the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We apply our network-based tool PathExt to 1,059 BRCA tumors across 4 subtypes to identify key mediator genes in each subtype. Compared to conventional differential expression analysis, PathExt-identified genes exhibit greater concordance across tumors, revealing shared and subtype-specific biological processes; better recapitulate BRCA-associated genes in multiple benchmarks, and are more essential in BRCA subtype-specific cell lines. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals a subtype-specific distribution of PathExt-identified genes in multiple cell types from the tumor microenvironment. Application of PathExt to a TNBC chemotherapy response dataset identified subtype-specific key genes and biological processes associated with resistance. We described putative drugs that target key genes potentially mediating drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Agrawal
- Cancer Data Science Lab, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Vishaka Gopalan
- Cancer Data Science Lab, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Annan Timon
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Arashdeep Singh
- Cancer Data Science Lab, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Padma S. Rajagopal
- Cancer Data Science Lab, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Attia HRM, Kamel MM, Ayoub DF, Abd El-Aziz SH, Abdel Wahed MM, El-Fattah SNA, Ablel-Monem MA, Rabah TM, Helal A, Ibrahim MH. CYP2C8 rs11572080 and CYP3A4 rs2740574 risk genotypes in paclitaxel-treated premenopausal breast cancer patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7922. [PMID: 38575662 PMCID: PMC10995116 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignancy in women globally. At time of diagnosis, premenopausal BC is considered more aggressive and harder to treat than postmenopausal cases. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are responsible for phase I of estrogen metabolism and thus, they are prominently involved in the pathogenesis of BC. Moreover, CYP subfamily 2C and 3A play a pivotal role in the metabolism of taxane anticancer agents. To understand genetic risk factors that may have a role in pre-menopausal BC we studied the genotypic variants of CYP2C8, rs11572080 and CYP3A4, rs2740574 in female BC patients on taxane-based therapy and their association with menopausal status. Our study comprised 105 female patients with histologically proven BC on paclitaxel-therapy. They were stratified into pre-menopausal (n = 52, 49.5%) and post-menopausal (n = 53, 50.5%) groups. Genotyping was done using TaqMan assays and employed on Quantstudio 12 K flex real-time platform. Significant increased frequencies of rs11572080 heterozygous CT genotype and variant T allele were established in pre-menopausal group compared to post-menopausal group (p = 0.023, 0.01, respectively). Moreover, logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between rs11572080 CT genotype and premenopausal BC. However, regarding rs2740574, no significant differences in genotypes and allele frequencies between both groups were detected. We reported a significant association between CYP2C8 genotypic variants and premenopausal BC risk in Egyptian females. Further studies on larger sample sizes are still needed to evaluate its importance in early prediction of BC in young women and its effect on treatment outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa R M Attia
- Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Kamel
- Clinical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Aini Street, From El-Khalig Square, Cairo, 11796, Egypt.
| | - Dina F Ayoub
- Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shereen H Abd El-Aziz
- Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai M Abdel Wahed
- Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safa N Abd El-Fattah
- Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Ablel-Monem
- Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, Medical Biochemistry Department, Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Thanaa M Rabah
- Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, Community Medicine Research Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany Helal
- Baheya Centre of Early Detection and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Giza, Egypt
- Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona Hamed Ibrahim
- Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Centre of Excellence, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Angarola BL, Sharma S, Katiyar N, Gu Kang H, Nehar-Belaid D, Park S, Gott R, Eryilmaz GN, LaBarge MA, Palucka K, Chuang JH, Korstanje R, Ucar D, Anczukow O. Comprehensive single cell aging atlas of mammary tissues reveals shared epigenomic and transcriptomic signatures of aging and cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.20.563147. [PMID: 37961129 PMCID: PMC10634680 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.20.563147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Aging is the greatest risk factor for breast cancer; however, how age-related cellular and molecular events impact cancer initiation is unknown. We investigate how aging rewires transcriptomic and epigenomic programs of mouse mammary glands at single cell resolution, yielding a comprehensive resource for aging and cancer biology. Aged epithelial cells exhibit epigenetic and transcriptional changes in metabolic, pro-inflammatory, or cancer-associated genes. Aged stromal cells downregulate fibroblast marker genes and upregulate markers of senescence and cancer-associated fibroblasts. Among immune cells, distinct T cell subsets (Gzmk+, memory CD4+, γδ) and M2-like macrophages expand with age. Spatial transcriptomics reveal co-localization of aged immune and epithelial cells in situ. Lastly, transcriptional signatures of aging mammary cells are found in human breast tumors, suggesting mechanistic links between aging and cancer. Together, these data uncover that epithelial, immune, and stromal cells shift in proportions and cell identity, potentially impacting cell plasticity, aged microenvironment, and neoplasia risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Neerja Katiyar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Hyeon Gu Kang
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | - SungHee Park
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | - Giray N Eryilmaz
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Mark A LaBarge
- Beckman Research Institute at City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Karolina Palucka
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Chuang
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | - Duygu Ucar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Institute for Systems Genomics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Olga Anczukow
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Institute for Systems Genomics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Agrawal P, Jain N, Gopalan V, Timon A, Singh A, Rajagopal PS, Hannenhalli S. Network-based approach elucidates critical genes in BRCA subtypes and chemotherapy response in Triple Negative Breast Cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.21.541618. [PMID: 37425784 PMCID: PMC10327220 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.21.541618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancers exhibit substantial transcriptional heterogeneity, posing a significant challenge to the prediction of treatment response and prognostication of outcomes. Especially, translation of TNBC subtypes to the clinic remains a work in progress, in part because of a lack of clear transcriptional signatures distinguishing the subtypes. Our recent network-based approach, PathExt, demonstrates that global transcriptional changes in a disease context are likely mediated by a small number of key genes, and these mediators may better reflect functional or translationally relevant heterogeneity. We apply PathExt to 1059 BRCA tumors and 112 healthy control samples across 4 subtypes to identify frequent, key-mediator genes in each BRCA subtype. Compared to conventional differential expression analysis, PathExt-identified genes (1) exhibit greater concordance across tumors, revealing shared as well as BRCA subtype-specific biological processes, (2) better recapitulate BRCA-associated genes in multiple benchmarks, and (3) exhibit greater dependency scores in BRCA subtype-specific cancer cell lines. Single cell transcriptomes of BRCA subtype tumors reveal a subtype-specific distribution of PathExt-identified genes in multiple cell types from the tumor microenvironment. Application of PathExt to a TNBC chemotherapy response dataset identified TNBC subtype-specific key genes and biological processes associated with resistance. We described putative drugs that target top novel genes potentially mediating drug resistance. Overall, PathExt applied to breast cancer refines previous views of gene expression heterogeneity and identifies potential mediators of TNBC subtypes, including potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Agrawal
- Cancer Data Science Lab, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Vishaka Gopalan
- Cancer Data Science Lab, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Annan Timon
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Arashdeep Singh
- Cancer Data Science Lab, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Padma S Rajagopal
- Cancer Data Science Lab, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tabbal M, Hachim MY, Jan RK, Adrian TE. Using publicly available datasets to identify population-based transcriptomic landscape contributing to the aggressiveness of breast cancer in young women. Front Genet 2023; 13:1039037. [PMID: 36685821 PMCID: PMC9845274 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1039037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Although the risk of breast cancer increases with advancing age, some regions have larger number of young breast cancer patients (≤45 years-old), such as the Middle East, Eastern Asia, and North Africa, with more aggressive and poorly differentiated tumors. We aimed to conduct an in-silico analysis in an attempt to understand the aggressive nature of early-onset breast cancer, and to identify potential drivers of early-onset breast cancer using gene expression profiling datasets in a population-dependent manner. Methods: Functional genomics experiments data were acquired from cBioPortal database for cancer genomics, followed by the stratification of patients based on the age at representation of breast cancer and race. Differential gene expression analysis and gene amplification status analysis were carried out, followed by hub gene, transcription factor, and signalling pathway identification. Results: PAM50 subtype analysis revealed that young patients (≤45 years-old) had four-fold more basal tumors and worst progression-free survival (median of 101 months), compared with the 45-65 years group (median of 168 months). Fourteen genes were amplified in more than 14% of patients with an early-onset breast cancer. Interestingly, FREM2, LINC00332, and LINC00366 were exclusively amplified in younger patients. Gene expression data from three different populations (Asian, White, and African) revealed a unique transcriptomic profile of young patients, which was also reflected on the PAM50 subtype analysis. Our data indicates a higher tendency of young African patients to develop basal tumors, while young Asian patients are more prone to developing Luminal A tumors. Most genes that were found to be upregulated in younger patients are involved in important signaling pathways that promote cancer progression and metastasis, such as MAPK pathway, Reelin pathway and the PI3K/Akt pathway. Conclusion: This study provides strong evidence that the molecular profile of tumors derived from young breast cancer patients of different populations is unique and may explain the aggressiveness of these tumors, stressing the need to conduct population- based multi-omic analyses to identify the potential drivers for tumorigenesis and molecular profiles of young breast cancer patients.
Collapse
|
6
|
Furth PA, Wang W, Kang K, Rooney BL, Keegan G, Muralidaran V, Wong J, Shearer C, Zou X, Flaws JA. Overexpression of Estrogen Receptor α in Mammary Glands of Aging Mice Is Associated with a Proliferative Risk Signature and Generation of Estrogen Receptor α-Positive Mammary Adenocarcinomas. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023; 193:103-120. [PMID: 36464513 PMCID: PMC9768686 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Age is a risk factor for human estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, with highest prevalence following menopause. While transcriptome risk profiling is available for human breast cancers, it is not yet developed for prognostication for primary or secondary breast cancer development utilizing at-risk breast tissue. Both estrogen receptor α (ER) and aromatase overexpression have been linked to human breast cancer. Herein, conditional genetically engineered mouse models of estrogen receptor 1 (Esr1) and cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 (CYP19A1) were used to show that induction of Esr1 overexpression just before or with reproductive senescence and maintained through age 30 months resulted in significantly higher prevalence of estrogen receptor-positive adenocarcinomas than CYP19A1 overexpression. All adenocarcinomas tested showed high percentages of ER+ cells. Mammary cancer development was preceded by a persistent proliferative transcriptome risk signature initiated within 1 week of transgene induction that showed parallels to the Prosigna/Prediction Analysis of Microarray 50 human prognostic signature for early-stage human ER+ breast cancer. CYP19A1 mice also developed ER+ mammary cancers, but histology was more divided between adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous, with one ER- adenocarcinoma. Results demonstrate that, like humans, generation of ER+ adenocarcinoma in mice was facilitated by aging mice past the age of reproductive senescence. Esr1 overexpression was associated with a proliferative estrogen pathway-linked signature that preceded appearance of ER+ mammary adenocarcinomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla A Furth
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia.
| | - Weisheng Wang
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Keunsoo Kang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science and Technology, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Brendan L Rooney
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Grace Keegan
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Vinona Muralidaran
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Justin Wong
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Charles Shearer
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Xiaojun Zou
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chatsirisupachai K, Lagger C, de Magalhães JP. Age-associated differences in the cancer molecular landscape. Trends Cancer 2022; 8:962-971. [PMID: 35811230 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is an age-related disease, as incidence and mortality for most types of cancer increase with age. However, how molecular alterations in tumors differ among patients of different ages remains poorly understood. Recent studies have shed light on the age-associated molecular landscapes in cancer. Here, we summarize the main findings of these current studies, highlighting major differences in the genomic, transcriptomic, epigenetic, and immunological landscapes between cancer in younger and older patients. Importantly, some cancer driver genes are mutated more frequently in younger or older patients. We discuss the potential roles of aging-related processes in shaping these age-related differences in cancer. We further emphasize the remaining unsolved questions that could provide important insights that will have implications in personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kasit Chatsirisupachai
- Integrative Genomics of Ageing Group, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK.
| | - Cyril Lagger
- Integrative Genomics of Ageing Group, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - João Pedro de Magalhães
- Integrative Genomics of Ageing Group, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Delineation of Pathogenomic Insights of Breast Cancer in Young Women. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121927. [PMID: 35741056 PMCID: PMC9221490 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of breast cancer (BC) in young women (BCYW) aged ≤40 years tends to be poorer than that in older patients due to aggressive phenotypes, late diagnosis, distinct biologic, and poorly understood genomic features of BCYW. Considering the estimated predisposition of only approximately 15% of the BC population to BC-promoting genes, the underlying reasons for an increased occurrence of BCYW, at large, cannot be completely explained based on general risk factors for BC. This underscores the need for the development of next-generation of tissue- and body fluid-based prognostic and predictive biomarkers for BCYW. Here, we identified the genes associated with BCYW with a particular focus on the age, intrinsic BC subtypes, matched normal or normal breast tissues, and BC laterality. In young women with BC, we observed dysregulation of age-associated cancer-relevant gene sets in both cancer and normal breast tissues, sub-sets of which substantially affected the overall survival (OS) or relapse-free survival (RFS) of patients with BC and exhibited statically significant correlations with several gene modules associated with cellular processes such as the stroma, immune responses, mitotic progression, early response, and steroid responses. For example, high expression of COL1A2, COL5A2, COL5A1, NPY1R, and KIAA1644 mRNAs in the BC and normal breast tissues from young women correlated with a substantial reduction in the OS and RFS of BC patients with increased levels of these exemplified genes. Many of the genes upregulated in BCYW were overexpressed or underexpressed in normal breast tissues, which might provide clues regarding the potential involvement of such genes in the development of BC later in life. Many of BCYW-associated gene products were also found in the extracellular microvesicles/exosomes secreted from breast and other cancer cell-types as well as in body fluids such as urine, saliva, breast milk, and plasma, raising the possibility of using such approaches in the development of non-invasive, predictive and prognostic biomarkers. In conclusion, the findings of this study delineated the pathogenomics of BCYW, providing clues for future exploration of the potential predictive and prognostic importance of candidate BCYW molecules and research strategies as well as a rationale to undertake a prospective clinical study to examine some of testable hypotheses presented here. In addition, the results presented here provide a framework to bring out the importance of geographical disparities, to overcome the current bottlenecks in BCYW, and to make the next quantum leap for sporadic BCYW research and treatment.
Collapse
|
9
|
Kumar R, Abreu C, Toi M, Saini S, Casimiro S, Arora A, Paul AM, Velaga R, Rameshwar P, Lipton A, Gupta S, Costa L. Oncobiology and treatment of breast cancer in young women. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:749-770. [PMID: 35488982 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10034-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Female breast cancer emerged as the leading cancer type in terms of incidence globally in 2020. Although mortality due to breast cancer has improved during the past three decades in many countries, this trend has reversed in women less than 40 years since the past decade. From the biological standpoint, there is consensus among experts regarding the clinically relevant definition of breast cancer in young women (BCYW), with an age cut-off of 40 years. The idea that breast cancer is an aging disease has apparently broken in the case of BCYW due to the young onset and an overall poor outcome of BCYW patients. In general, younger patients exhibit a worse prognosis than older pre- and postmenopausal patients due to the aggressive nature of cancer subtypes, a high percentage of cases with advanced stages at diagnosis, and a high risk of relapse and death in younger patients. Because of clinically and biologically unique features of BCYW, it is suspected to represent a distinct biologic entity. It is unclear why BCYW is more aggressive and has an inferior prognosis with factors that contribute to increased incidence. However, unique developmental features, adiposity and immune components of the mammary gland, hormonal interplay and crosstalk with growth factors, and a host of intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors and cellular regulatory interactions are considered to be the major contributing factors. In the present article, we discuss the status of BCYW oncobiology, therapeutic interventions and considerations, current limitations in fully understanding the basis and underlying cause(s) of BCYW, understudied areas of BCYW research, and postulated advances in the coming years for the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- Cancer Research Institute, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India. .,Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, India. .,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA. .,Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.
| | - Catarina Abreu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de Santa Maria- Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Masakazu Toi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sunil Saini
- Cancer Research Institute, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India
| | - Sandra Casimiro
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular-João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Anshika Arora
- Cancer Research Institute, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, India
| | - Aswathy Mary Paul
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, India
| | - Ravi Velaga
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Allan Lipton
- Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Penn State University School of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Sudeep Gupta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre and Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Luis Costa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de Santa Maria- Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Medicina Molecular-João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
The Unique Biology behind the Early Onset of Breast Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12030372. [PMID: 33807872 PMCID: PMC8000244 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer commonly affects women of older age; however, in developing countries, up to 20% of breast cancer cases present in young women (younger than 40 years as defined by oncology literature). Breast cancer in young women is often defined to be aggressive in nature, usually of high histological grade at the time of diagnosis and negative for endocrine receptors with poor overall survival rate. Several researchers have attributed this aggressive nature to a hidden unique biology. However, findings in this aspect remain controversial. Thus, in this article, we aimed to review published work addressing somatic mutations, chromosome copy number variants, single nucleotide polymorphisms, differential gene expression, microRNAs and gene methylation profile of early-onset breast cancer, as well as its altered pathways resulting from those aberrations. Distinct biology behind early-onset of breast cancer was clear among estrogen receptor-positive and sporadic cases. However, further research is needed to determine and validate specific novel markers, which may help in customizing therapy for this group of patients.
Collapse
|
11
|
Angarola BL, Anczuków O. Splicing alterations in healthy aging and disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2021. [PMID: 33565261 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1643.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Alternative RNA splicing is a key step in gene expression that allows generation of numerous messenger RNA transcripts encoding proteins of varied functions from the same gene. It is thus a rich source of proteomic and functional diversity. Alterations in alternative RNA splicing are observed both during healthy aging and in a number of human diseases, several of which display premature aging phenotypes or increased incidence with age. Age-associated splicing alterations include differential splicing of genes associated with hallmarks of aging, as well as changes in the levels of core spliceosomal genes and regulatory splicing factors. Here, we review the current known links between alternative RNA splicing, its regulators, healthy biological aging, and diseases associated with aging or aging-like phenotypes. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga Anczuków
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Institute for Systems Genomics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Aine M, Boyaci C, Hartman J, Häkkinen J, Mitra S, Campos AB, Nimeus E, Ehinger A, Vallon-Christersson J, Borg Å, Staaf J. Molecular analyses of triple-negative breast cancer in the young and elderly. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:20. [PMID: 33568222 PMCID: PMC7874480 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01392-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer in young adults has been implicated with a worse outcome. Analyses of genomic traits associated with age have been heterogenous, likely because of an incomplete accounting for underlying molecular subtypes. We aimed to resolve whether triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in younger versus older patients represent similar or different molecular diseases in the context of genetic and transcriptional subtypes and immune cell infiltration. Patients and methods In total, 237 patients from a reported population-based south Swedish TNBC cohort profiled by RNA sequencing and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) were included. Patients were binned in 10-year intervals. Complimentary PD-L1 and CD20 immunohistochemistry and estimation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were performed. Cases were analyzed for differences in patient outcome, genomic, transcriptional, and immune landscape features versus age at diagnosis. Additionally, 560 public WGS breast cancer profiles were used for validation. Results Median age at diagnosis was 62 years (range 26–91). Age was not associated with invasive disease-free survival or overall survival after adjuvant chemotherapy. Among the BRCA1-deficient cases (82/237), 90% were diagnosed before the age of 70 and were predominantly of the basal-like subtype. In the full TNBC cohort, reported associations of patient age with changes in Ki67 expression, PIK3CA mutations, and a luminal androgen receptor subtype were confirmed. Within DNA repair deficiency or gene expression defined molecular subgroups, age-related alterations in, e.g., overall gene expression, immune cell marker gene expression, genetic mutational and rearrangement signatures, amount of copy number alterations, and tumor mutational burden did, however, not appear distinct. Similar non-significant associations for genetic alterations with age were obtained for other breast cancer subgroups in public WGS data. Consistent with age-related immunosenescence, TIL counts decreased linearly with patient age across different genetic TNBC subtypes. Conclusions Age-related alterations in TNBC, as well as breast cancer in general, need to be viewed in the context of underlying genomic phenotypes. Based on this notion, age at diagnosis alone does not appear to provide an additional layer of biological complexity above that of proposed genetic and transcriptional phenotypes of TNBC. Consequently, treatment decisions should be less influenced by age and more driven by tumor biology. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13058-021-01392-0.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Aine
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ceren Boyaci
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Hartman
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jari Häkkinen
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Shamik Mitra
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ana Bosch Campos
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Emma Nimeus
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden.,Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Ehinger
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Genetics and Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Vallon-Christersson
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Åke Borg
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johan Staaf
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-22381, Lund, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Angarola BL, Anczuków O. Splicing alterations in healthy aging and disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2021; 12:e1643. [PMID: 33565261 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alternative RNA splicing is a key step in gene expression that allows generation of numerous messenger RNA transcripts encoding proteins of varied functions from the same gene. It is thus a rich source of proteomic and functional diversity. Alterations in alternative RNA splicing are observed both during healthy aging and in a number of human diseases, several of which display premature aging phenotypes or increased incidence with age. Age-associated splicing alterations include differential splicing of genes associated with hallmarks of aging, as well as changes in the levels of core spliceosomal genes and regulatory splicing factors. Here, we review the current known links between alternative RNA splicing, its regulators, healthy biological aging, and diseases associated with aging or aging-like phenotypes. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga Anczuków
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Institute for Systems Genomics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Turner DC, Gorski PP, Maasar MF, Seaborne RA, Baumert P, Brown AD, Kitchen MO, Erskine RM, Dos-Remedios I, Voisin S, Eynon N, Sultanov RI, Borisov OV, Larin AK, Semenova EA, Popov DV, Generozov EV, Stewart CE, Drust B, Owens DJ, Ahmetov II, Sharples AP. DNA methylation across the genome in aged human skeletal muscle tissue and muscle-derived cells: the role of HOX genes and physical activity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15360. [PMID: 32958812 PMCID: PMC7506549 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72730-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle tissue demonstrates global hypermethylation with age. However, methylome changes across the time-course of differentiation in aged human muscle derived cells, and larger coverage arrays in aged muscle tissue have not been undertaken. Using 850K DNA methylation arrays we compared the methylomes of young (27 ± 4.4 years) and aged (83 ± 4 years) human skeletal muscle and that of young/aged heterogenous muscle-derived human primary cells (HDMCs) over several time points of differentiation (0, 72 h, 7, 10 days). Aged muscle tissue was hypermethylated compared with young tissue, enriched for; pathways-in-cancer (including; focal adhesion, MAPK signaling, PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling, p53 signaling, Jak-STAT signaling, TGF-beta and notch signaling), rap1-signaling, axon-guidance and hippo-signalling. Aged cells also demonstrated a hypermethylated profile in pathways; axon-guidance, adherens-junction and calcium-signaling, particularly at later timepoints of myotube formation, corresponding with reduced morphological differentiation and reductions in MyoD/Myogenin gene expression compared with young cells. While young cells showed little alterations in DNA methylation during differentiation, aged cells demonstrated extensive and significantly altered DNA methylation, particularly at 7 days of differentiation and most notably in focal adhesion and PI3K-AKT signalling pathways. While the methylomes were vastly different between muscle tissue and HDMCs, we identified a small number of CpG sites showing a hypermethylated state with age, in both muscle tissue and cells on genes KIF15, DYRK2, FHL2, MRPS33, ABCA17P. Most notably, differential methylation analysis of chromosomal regions identified three locations containing enrichment of 6–8 CpGs in the HOX family of genes altered with age. With HOXD10, HOXD9, HOXD8, HOXA3, HOXC9, HOXB1, HOXB3, HOXC-AS2 and HOXC10 all hypermethylated in aged tissue. In aged cells the same HOX genes (and additionally HOXC-AS3) displayed the most variable methylation at 7 days of differentiation versus young cells, with HOXD8, HOXC9, HOXB1 and HOXC-AS3 hypermethylated and HOXC10 and HOXC-AS2 hypomethylated. We also determined that there was an inverse relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression for HOXB1, HOXA3 and HOXC-AS3. Finally, increased physical activity in young adults was associated with oppositely regulating HOXB1 and HOXA3 methylation compared with age. Overall, we demonstrate that a considerable number of HOX genes are differentially epigenetically regulated in aged human skeletal muscle and HDMCs and increased physical activity may help prevent age-related epigenetic changes in these HOX genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D C Turner
- Institute for Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences (NiH), Oslo, Norway.,Stem Cells, Ageing and Molecular Physiology Unit, Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine (ISTM), School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - P P Gorski
- Institute for Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences (NiH), Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine (ISTM), School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - M F Maasar
- Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - R A Seaborne
- Stem Cells, Ageing and Molecular Physiology Unit, Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine (ISTM), School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK.,Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - P Baumert
- Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Exercise Biology Group, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - A D Brown
- Stem Cells, Ageing and Molecular Physiology Unit, Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - M O Kitchen
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine (ISTM), School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - R M Erskine
- Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - I Dos-Remedios
- Orthopedics Department, University Hospitals of the North Midlands, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - S Voisin
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Footscray, VIC, Australia
| | - N Eynon
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Footscray, VIC, Australia
| | - R I Sultanov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - O V Borisov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia.,Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - A K Larin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Semenova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - D V Popov
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Generozov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - C E Stewart
- Stem Cells, Ageing and Molecular Physiology Unit, Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - B Drust
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - D J Owens
- Stem Cells, Ageing and Molecular Physiology Unit, Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - I I Ahmetov
- Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK. .,Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia. .,Department of Physical Education, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia.
| | - A P Sharples
- Institute for Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences (NiH), Oslo, Norway. .,Stem Cells, Ageing and Molecular Physiology Unit, Exercise Metabolism and Adaptation Research Group, Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK. .,Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine (ISTM), School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sanchez-Fernandez A, Roncero-Martin R, Moran JM, Lavado-García J, Puerto-Parejo LM, Lopez-Espuela F, Aliaga I, Pedrera-Canal M. Nursing Genetic Research: New Insights Linking Breast Cancer Genetics and Bone Density. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8020172. [PMID: 32549322 PMCID: PMC7349482 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8020172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nursing research is expected to provide options for the primary prevention of disease and health promotion, regardless of pathology or disease. Nurses have the skills to develop and lead research that addresses the relationship between genetic factors and health. Increasing genetic knowledge and research capacity through interdisciplinary cooperation as well as the development of research resources, will accelerate the rate at which nurses contribute to the knowledge about genetics and health. There are currently different fields in which knowledge can be expanded by research developed from the nursing field. Here, we present an emerging field of research in which it is hypothesized that genetics may affect bone metabolism. Better insight of genetic factors that are contributing to metabolic bone diseases would allow for focused nursing care and preventive interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raúl Roncero-Martin
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, Nursing Department, Nursing and Occupational Therapy College, University of Extremadura, Avd. Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (R.R.-M.); (J.L.-G.); (L.M.P.-P.); (F.L.-E.); (M.P.-C.)
| | - Jose M. Moran
- Departamento de Estomatología II, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-927-257450
| | - Jesus Lavado-García
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, Nursing Department, Nursing and Occupational Therapy College, University of Extremadura, Avd. Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (R.R.-M.); (J.L.-G.); (L.M.P.-P.); (F.L.-E.); (M.P.-C.)
| | - Luis Manuel Puerto-Parejo
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, Nursing Department, Nursing and Occupational Therapy College, University of Extremadura, Avd. Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (R.R.-M.); (J.L.-G.); (L.M.P.-P.); (F.L.-E.); (M.P.-C.)
| | - Fidel Lopez-Espuela
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, Nursing Department, Nursing and Occupational Therapy College, University of Extremadura, Avd. Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (R.R.-M.); (J.L.-G.); (L.M.P.-P.); (F.L.-E.); (M.P.-C.)
| | - Ignacio Aliaga
- Departamento de Estomatología II, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María Pedrera-Canal
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, Nursing Department, Nursing and Occupational Therapy College, University of Extremadura, Avd. Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (R.R.-M.); (J.L.-G.); (L.M.P.-P.); (F.L.-E.); (M.P.-C.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Osako T, Lee H, Turashvili G, Chiu D, McKinney S, Joosten SEP, Wilkinson D, Nielsen TO, Zwart W, Emerman JT, Eaves CJ, Caldas C, Aparicio S. Age-correlated protein and transcript expression in breast cancer and normal breast tissues is dominated by host endocrine effects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 1:518-532. [DOI: 10.1038/s43018-020-0060-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
17
|
Du X, Yuan L, Wu M, Men M, He R, Wang L, Wu S, Xiang Y, Qu X, Liu H, Qin X, Hu C, Qin L, Liu C. Variable DNA methylation of aging-related genes is associated with male COPD. Respir Res 2019; 20:243. [PMID: 31684967 PMCID: PMC6829949 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1215-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic lung inflammatory disease which has a close relationship with aging. Genome-wide analysis reveals that DNA methylation markers vary obviously with age. DNA methylation variations in peripheral blood have the potential to be biomarkers for COPD. However, the specific DNA methylation of aging-related genes in the peripheral blood of COPD patients remains largely unknown. Methods Firstly, 9 aging-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in COPD patients were screened out from the 25 aging-related genes profile through a comprehensive screening strategy. Secondly, qPCR and multiple targeted bisulfite enrichment sequencing (MethTarget) were used to detect the mRNA level and DNA methylation level of the 9 differentially expressed genes in the peripheral blood of 60 control subjects and 45 COPD patients. The candidate functional CpG sites were selected on the basis of the regulation ability of the target gene expression. Thirdly, the correlation was evaluated between the DNA methylation level of the key CpG sites and the clinical parameters of COPD patients, including forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced expiratory volume in one second as percentage of predicted volume (FEV1%), forced expiratory volume/ forced vital capacity (FEV/FVC), modified British medical research council (mMRC) score, acute exacerbation frequency and the situation of frequent of acute aggravation (CAT) score. Lastly, differentially methylated CpG sites unrelated to smoking were also determined in COPD patients. Results Of the 9 differentially expressed aging-related genes, the mRNA expression of 8 genes were detected to be significantly down-regulated in COPD group, compared with control group. Meanwhile, the methylated level of all aging-related genes was changed in COPD group containing 219 COPD-related CpG sites in total. Notably, 27 CpG sites of FOXO3 gene showed a lower False Discovery Rate (FDR) and higher methylation difference values. Also, some variable DNA methylation is associated with the severity of COPD. Additionally, of the 219 COPD-related CpG sites, 147 CpG sites were not related to smoking. Conclusion These results identified that the mRNA expression and DNA methylation level of aging-related genes were changed in male COPD patients, which provides a molecular link between aging and COPD. The identified CpG markers are associated with the severity of COPD and provide new insights into the prediction and identification of COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xizi Du
- Department of Physiology; China-Africa Infection Diseases Research Center, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Physiology; China-Africa Infection Diseases Research Center, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Mengping Wu
- Department of Physiology; China-Africa Infection Diseases Research Center, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Meichao Men
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ruoxi He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Leyuan Wang
- Department of Physiology; China-Africa Infection Diseases Research Center, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Shuangyan Wu
- Department of Physiology; China-Africa Infection Diseases Research Center, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Physiology; China-Africa Infection Diseases Research Center, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangping Qu
- Department of Physiology; China-Africa Infection Diseases Research Center, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- Department of Physiology; China-Africa Infection Diseases Research Center, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqun Qin
- Department of Physiology; China-Africa Infection Diseases Research Center, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Physiology; China-Africa Infection Diseases Research Center, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mobarak H, Heidarpour M, Lolicato F, Nouri M, Rahbarghazi R, Mahdipour M. Physiological impact of extracellular vesicles on female reproductive system; highlights to possible restorative effects on female age-related fertility. Biofactors 2019; 45:293-303. [PMID: 30788863 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An alternative mechanism of cell-to-cell communication via extracellular vesicles (EVs) has recently raised increasing attention. EVs are spherical structures comprising exosomes and microvesicles, capable of transferring regulatory molecules and genetic information from one cell to another. EVs act as modulators which can alter a wide spectrum of functions at the cellular level in the recipient cells, taking part in a variety of biological processes in both physiological and pathological conditions. Alteration in EVs content, notably exosomes, was reported during cellular senescence and in patients with age-related diseases. Most studies reported regulating the impacts of exosomes on fertility and pregnancy outcomes via their capability in carrying developmental signaling molecules like proteins, RNA cargos, influencing gene expressions, affecting growth, and development of embryos during aging. Alterations in the exosomal content and functions can influence the reproductive performance in human and animals as conveyors of senescence signals from outside of the cells. This review aimed to summarize evidence on the role of EVs on modulating fertility, early embryonic development, maternal-embryo crosstalk for the recognition, and maintenance of pregnancy during maternal aging. Advanced clinical studies are required to strengthen the findings that the benefit of exosomes can be extended to subjects undergoing reproductive aging. © 2019 BioFactors, 45(3):293-303, 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Halimeh Mobarak
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Heidarpour
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Francesca Lolicato
- Follicle Biology Laboratory, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Khorshidi H, Azari I, Oskooei VK, Taheri M, Ghafouri-Fard S. DSCAM-AS1 up-regulation in invasive ductal carcinoma of breast and assessment of its potential as a diagnostic biomarker. Breast Dis 2019; 38:25-30. [PMID: 30594914 DOI: 10.3233/bd-180351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) DSCAM-AS1 has been demonstrated to participate in the pathogenesis of breast cancer and tamoxifen resistance. OBJECTIVE To evaluate expression profile of DSCAM-AS1 in invasive ductal carcinoma of breast and its suitability as a biomarker for diagnosis of breast cancer. METHODS We evaluated expression of DSCAM-AS1 in 108 breast tissues including tumoral and adjacent non-cancerous tissues (ANCTs) by means of quantitative real time PCR. RESULTS DSCAM-AS1 was up-regulated in tumoral tissues compared with ANCTs (Fold change = 2.86, P = 0.011). Its expression was significantly higher in patients aged less than 55 compared with older patients (P = 0.02). However, its expression levels had not a good performance as a diagnostic biomarker for breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS The significant up-regulation of DSCAM-AS1 in tumoral tissues compared with ANCTs provides further evidences for participation of this lncRNA in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Khorshidi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Iman Azari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Kholghi Oskooei
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cheng M, Michalski S, Kommagani R. Role for Growth Regulation by Estrogen in Breast Cancer 1 (GREB1) in Hormone-Dependent Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092543. [PMID: 30154312 PMCID: PMC6163654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex hormones play important roles in the onset and progression of several cancers, such as breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer. Although drugs targeting sex hormone function are useful in treating cancer, tumors often develop resistance. Thus, we need to define the downstream effectors of sex hormones in order to develop new treatment strategies for these cancers. Recent studies unearthed one potential mediator of steroid hormone action in tumors: growth regulation by estrogen in breast cancer 1 (GREB1). GREB1 is an early estrogen-responsive gene, and its expression is correlated with estrogen levels in breast cancer patients. Additionally, GREB1 responds to androgen in prostate cancer cells, and can stimulate the proliferation of breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer cells. Recent studies have shown that GREB1 also responds to progesterone in human endometrial cells, suggesting that GREB1 is a pan steroid-responsive gene. This mini-review examines evidence that GREB1 participates in several hormone-dependent cancers and could be targeted to treat these cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Cheng
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Stephanie Michalski
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Ramakrishna Kommagani
- Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Age-related gene expression in luminal epithelial cells is driven by a microenvironment made from myoepithelial cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 9:2026-2051. [PMID: 29016359 PMCID: PMC5680554 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Luminal epithelial cells in the breast gradually alter gene and protein expression with age, appearing to lose lineage-specificity by acquiring myoepithelial-like characteristics. We hypothesize that the luminal lineage is particularly sensitive to microenvironment changes, and age-related microenvironment changes cause altered luminal cell phenotypes. To evaluate the effects of different microenvironments on the fidelity of epigenetically regulated luminal and myoepithelial gene expression, we generated a set of lineage-specific probes for genes that are controlled through DNA methylation. Culturing primary luminal cells under conditions that favor myoepithelial propogation led to their reprogramming at the level of gene methylation, and to a more myoepithelial-like expression profile. Primary luminal cells' lineage-specific gene expression could be maintained when they were cultured as bilayers with primary myoepithelial cells. Isogenic stromal fibroblast co-cultures were unable to maintain the luminal phenotype. Mixed-age luminal-myoepithelial bilayers revealed that luminal cells adopt transcription and methylation patterns consistent with the chronological age of the myoepithelial cells. We provide evidence that the luminal epithelial phenotype is exquisitely sensitive to microenvironment conditions, and that states of aging are cell non-autonomously communicated through microenvironment cues over at least one cell diameter.
Collapse
|
22
|
Supplementary data for the biological age linked to oxidative stress modifies breast cancer aggressiveness. Data Brief 2018; 18:1172-1184. [PMID: 29900291 PMCID: PMC5996612 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.03.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The data presented in this article are related to the research paper entitled “The biological age linked to oxidative stress modifies breast cancer aggressiveness” (M.M. Sáez-Freire, A. Blanco-Gómez, S. Castillo-Lluva, A. Gómez-Vecino, J.M. Galvis-Jiménez, C. Martín-Seisdedos, M. Isidoro-García, L. Hontecillas-Prieto, M.B. García-Cenador, F.J. García-Criado, M.C. Patino-Alonso, P. Galindo-Villardón, J.H. Mao, C. Prieto, A. Castellanos-Martín, L. Kaderali, J. Pérez-Losada). The data shown were obtained from a population of transgenic mice, MMTV-Erbb2/Neu, with different susceptibility to breast cancer and a mixed genetic background generated by backcrossing. It was observed that the aggressiveness of breast cancer negatively correlates with age, being lower in chronologically old mice, similar to what occurs in humans. Given that oxidative stress is associated with tumour susceptibility and the degree of aging, the association between the aggressiveness of breast cancer and multiple intermediate phenotypes directly or indirectly related to oxidative stress was studied. Using a mathematical model, we defined biological age and the degree of aging as the difference between biological and chronological ages. As a result, we observed that biologically old mice predominated among those that developed the disease early on, that is, those that were chronologically young. We then identified the specific and common genetic components of Quantitative Trait loci or QTL associated with different evolution of breast cancer, the intermediate phenotypes related to oxidative stress studied, the biological age and the degree of aging. Lastly, we showed that the expression pattern in the livers of biologically old mice were enriched in signalling pathways related to inflammation and response to infections; whereas the biologically young mice exhibited enriched pathways related to mitochondrial activity. For the explanation and discussion of these data refer to the research article cited above.
Collapse
|
23
|
Sáez-Freire MDM, Blanco-Gómez A, Castillo-Lluva S, Gómez-Vecino A, Galvis-Jiménez JM, Martín-Seisdedos C, Isidoro-García M, Hontecillas-Prieto L, García-Cenador MB, García-Criado FJ, Patino-Alonso MC, Galindo-Villardón P, Mao JH, Prieto C, Castellanos-Martín A, Kaderali L, Pérez-Losada J. The biological age linked to oxidative stress modifies breast cancer aggressiveness. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 120:133-146. [PMID: 29550329 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of breast cancer increases with age until menopause, and breast cancer is more aggressive in younger women. The existence of epidemiological links between breast cancer and aging indicates that both processes share some common mechanisms of development. Oxidative stress is associated with both cancer susceptibility and aging. Here we observed that ERBB2-positive breast cancer, which developed in genetically heterogeneous ERBB2-positive transgenic mice generated by a backcross, is more aggressive in chronologically younger than in older mice (differentiated by the median survival of the cohort that was 79 weeks), similar to what occurs in humans. In this cohort, we estimated the oxidative biological age using a mathematical model that integrated several subphenotypes directly or indirectly related to oxidative stress. The model selected the serum levels of HDL-cholesterol and magnesium and total AKT1 and glutathione concentrations in the liver. The grade of aging was calculated as the difference between the predicted biological age and the chronological age. This comparison permitted the identification of biologically younger and older mice compared with their chronological age. Interestingly, biologically older mice developed more aggressive breast cancer than the biologically younger mice. Genomic regions on chromosomes 2 and 15 linked to the grade of oxidative aging were identified. The levels of expression of Zbp1 located on chromosome 2, a gene related to necroptosis and inflammation, positively correlated with the grade of aging and tumour aggressiveness. Moreover, the pattern of gene expression of genes linked to the inflammation and the response to infection pathways was enriched in the livers of biologically old mice. This study shows part of the complex interactions between breast cancer and aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Del Mar Sáez-Freire
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Adrián Blanco-Gómez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Sonia Castillo-Lluva
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular I, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Aurora Gómez-Vecino
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Julie Milena Galvis-Jiménez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia.
| | - Carmen Martín-Seisdedos
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - María Isidoro-García
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Servicio de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Lourdes Hontecillas-Prieto
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.
| | - María Begoña García-Cenador
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Francisco Javier García-Criado
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - María Carmen Patino-Alonso
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Departamento de Estadística, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Purificación Galindo-Villardón
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain; Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Jian-Hua Mao
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Carlos Prieto
- Bioinformatics Service, Nucleus, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Andrés Castellanos-Martín
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Lars Kaderali
- Institute for Bioinformatics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Jesús Pérez-Losada
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (IBMCC-CIC), Universidad de Salamanca/CSIC, Salamanca, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kadalayil L, Khan S, Nevanlinna H, Fasching PA, Couch FJ, Hopper JL, Liu J, Maishman T, Durcan L, Gerty S, Blomqvist C, Rack B, Janni W, Collins A, Eccles D, Tapper W. Germline variation in ADAMTSL1 is associated with prognosis following breast cancer treatment in young women. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1632. [PMID: 29158497 PMCID: PMC5696339 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01775-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify genetic variants associated with breast cancer prognosis we conduct a meta-analysis of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in 6042 patients from four cohorts. In young women, breast cancer is characterized by a higher incidence of adverse pathological features, unique gene expression profiles and worse survival, which may relate to germline variation. To explore this hypothesis, we also perform survival analysis in 2315 patients aged ≤ 40 years at diagnosis. Here, we identify two SNPs associated with early-onset DFS, rs715212 (P meta = 3.54 × 10-5) and rs10963755 (P meta = 3.91 × 10-4) in ADAMTSL1. The effect of these SNPs is independent of classical prognostic factors and there is no heterogeneity between cohorts. Most importantly, the association with rs715212 is noteworthy (FPRP <0.2) and approaches genome-wide significance in multivariable analysis (P multivariable = 5.37 × 10-8). Expression quantitative trait analysis provides tentative evidence that rs715212 may influence AREG expression (P eQTL = 0.035), although further functional studies are needed to confirm this association and determine a mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Latha Kadalayil
- Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics Research Group, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Duthie Building (MP 808), University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.,Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Sofia Khan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, P.O. BOX 700, 00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, P.O. BOX 700, 00029 HUS, Finland
| | - Peter A Fasching
- University Breast Center Franconia, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55901, USA
| | - John L Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore, 138672, Singapore.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Tom Maishman
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Lorraine Durcan
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Sue Gerty
- Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, P.O. Box 180, FIN-00029, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Brigitte Rack
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Ulm, Prittwitzstrasse 43, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Janni
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Ulm, Prittwitzstrasse 43, 89075, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andrew Collins
- Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics Research Group, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Duthie Building (MP 808), University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Diana Eccles
- Cancer Sciences Division, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - William Tapper
- Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics Research Group, Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Duthie Building (MP 808), University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Minakshi R, Rahman S, Jan AT, Archana A, Kim J. Implications of aging and the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response on the molecular modality of breast cancer. Exp Mol Med 2017; 49:e389. [PMID: 29123254 PMCID: PMC5704197 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important subcellular organelle that is involved in numerous activities required to achieve and maintain functional proteins in addition to its role in the biosynthesis of lipids and as a repository of intracellular Ca2+. The inability of the ER to cope with protein folding beyond its capacity causes disturbances that evoke ER stress. Cells possess molecular mechanisms aimed at clearing unwanted cargo from the ER lumen as an adaptive response, but failing to do so navigates the system towards cell death. This systemic approach is called the unfolded protein response. Aging insults cells through various perturbations in homeostasis that involve curtailing ER function by mitigating the expression of its resident chaperones and enzymes. Here the unfolded protein response (UPR) cannot protect the cell due to the weakening of its protective arm, which exacerbates imbalanced homeostasis. Aging predisposed breast malignancy activates the UPR, but tumor cells maneuver the mechanistic details of the UPR, favoring tumorigenesis and thereby eliciting a treacherous condition. Tumor cells exploit UPR pathways via crosstalk involving various signaling cascades that usher tumor cells to immortality. This review aims to present a collection of data that can delineate the missing links of molecular signatures between aging and breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rinki Minakshi
- Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Safikur Rahman
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Arif Tasleem Jan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Ayyagari Archana
- Department of Microbiology, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Jihoe Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Quigley DA, Tahiri A, Lüders T, Riis MH, Balmain A, Børresen-Dale AL, Bukholm I, Kristensen V. Age, estrogen, and immune response in breast adenocarcinoma and adjacent normal tissue. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1356142. [PMID: 29147603 PMCID: PMC5674948 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1356142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation promotes breast tumor growth and invasion by accelerating angiogenesis and tissue remodeling in the tumor microenvironment. There is a complex relationship between inflammation and estrogen, which drives the growth of 70 percent of breast tumors. While low levels of estrogen exposure stimulate macrophages and other inflammatory cell populations, very high levels are immune suppressive. Breast tumor incidence is increased by obesity and age, which interact to influence inflammatory cell populations in normal breast tissue. To characterize the impact of these factors on tumors and the tumor microenvironment, we measured gene expression in 195 breast adenocarcinomas and matched adjacent normal breast tissue samples collected at Akershus University Hospital (AHUS). Age and Body Mass Index (BMI) were independently associated with inflammation in adjacent normal tissue but not tumors. Estrogen Receptor (ER)-negative tumors had elevated macrophage expression compared with matched normal tissue, but ER-positive tumors showed an unexpected decrease in macrophage expression. We found an inverse relationship between the increase in tumor estrogen pathway expression compared with adjacent normal tissue and tumor macrophage score. We validated this finding in 126 breast tumor-normal pairs from the previously published METABRIC cohort. We developed a novel statistic, the Rewiring Coefficient, to quantify the rewiring of gene co-expression networks at the level of individual genes. Differential correlation analysis demonstrated distinct pathways were rewired during tumorigenesis. Our data support an immune suppressive effect of high doses of estrogen signaling in breast tumor microenvironment, suggesting that this effect contributes to the greater presence of prognostic and therapeutically relevant immune cells in ER-negative tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Quigley
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Andliena Tahiri
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Medical Division, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torben Lüders
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Medical Division, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Margit H Riis
- Department of Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Allan Balmain
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida Bukholm
- Department of Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Breast-Endocrine Surgery, Surgical Division, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Vessela Kristensen
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Medical Division, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Mousavi Naein SM, Mehrvarz S, Mohammad Madahian A, Manoochehry S, Rasuli HR. Comparison of Estrogen Receptor and Progesterone Receptor in Ductal Carcinoma and Lobular Carcinoma With Regard to Age Prevalence. HOSPITAL PRACTICES AND RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.15171/hpr.2017.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|
28
|
Does smoking, age or gender affect the protein phenotype of extracellular vesicles in plasma? Transfus Apher Sci 2016; 55:44-52. [PMID: 27470710 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in several diseases, which have formed the basis for the potential use of EV analyses in a clinical setting. The protein phenotype of EVs can provide information on the functionality of the vesicles and may be used for identification of disease-related biomarkers. With this extensive study of 161 healthy individuals it was elucidated that certain markers of plasma EVs are influenced by demographic variations such as gender, age and smoking status. When the purpose is to use EVs as a diagnostic tool, it should be emphasized how important it is to choose the correct demographic group when comparing marker levels of plasma EVs.
Collapse
|
29
|
Bastos EP, Brentani H, Pereira CAB, Polpo A, Lima L, Puga RD, Pasini FS, Osorio CABT, Roela RA, Achatz MI, Trapé AP, Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Brentani MM. A Set of miRNAs, Their Gene and Protein Targets and Stromal Genes Distinguish Early from Late Onset ER Positive Breast Cancer. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154325. [PMID: 27152840 PMCID: PMC4859528 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Breast cancer (BC) in young adult patients (YA) has a more aggressive biological behavior and is associated with a worse prognosis than BC arising in middle aged patients (MA). We proposed that differentially expressed miRNAs could regulate genes and proteins underlying aggressive phenotypes of breast tumors in YA patients when compared to those arising in MA patients. OBJECTIVE Using integrated expression analyses of miRs, their mRNA and protein targets and stromal gene expression, we aimed to identify differentially expressed profiles between tumors from YA-BC and MA-BC. METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS Samples of ER+ invasive ductal breast carcinomas, divided into two groups: YA-BC (35 years or less) or MA-BC (50-65 years) were evaluated. Screening for BRCA1/2 status according to the BOADICEA program indicated low risk of patients being carriers of these mutations. Aggressive characteristics were more evident in YA-BC versus MA-BC. Performing qPCR, we identified eight miRs differentially expressed (miR-9, 18b, 33b, 106a, 106b, 210, 518a-3p and miR-372) between YA-BC and MA-BC tumors with high confidence statement, which were associated with aggressive clinicopathological characteristics. The expression profiles by microarray identified 602 predicted target genes associated to proliferation, cell cycle and development biological functions. Performing RPPA, 24 target proteins differed between both groups and 21 were interconnected within a network protein-protein interactions associated with proliferation, development and metabolism pathways over represented in YA-BC. Combination of eight mRNA targets or the combination of eight target proteins defined indicators able to classify individual samples into YA-BC or MA-BC groups. Fibroblast-enriched stroma expression profile analysis resulted in 308 stromal genes differentially expressed between YA-BC and MA-BC. CONCLUSION We defined a set of differentially expressed miRNAs, their mRNAs and protein targets and stromal genes that distinguish early onset from late onset ER positive breast cancers which may be involved with tumor aggressiveness of YA-BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E. P. Bastos
- Oncology and Radiology Department, Laboratory of Medical Investigation 24 (LIM 24), University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H. Brentani
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation 23 (LIM 23), Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C. A. B. Pereira
- Mathematics and Statistic Institute, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A. Polpo
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Sao Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L. Lima
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation 23 (LIM 23), Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - F. S. Pasini
- Oncology and Radiology Department, Laboratory of Medical Investigation 24 (LIM 24), University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C. A. B. T. Osorio
- Department of Pathology of A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R. A. Roela
- Oncology and Radiology Department, Laboratory of Medical Investigation 24 (LIM 24), University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M. I. Achatz
- Department of Oncogenetics of A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A. P. Trapé
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - A. M. Gonzalez-Angulo
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - M. M. Brentani
- Oncology and Radiology Department, Laboratory of Medical Investigation 24 (LIM 24), University of Sao Paulo, Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
LaBarge MA, Mora-Blanco EL, Samson S, Miyano M. Breast Cancer beyond the Age of Mutation. Gerontology 2015; 62:434-42. [PMID: 26539838 DOI: 10.1159/000441030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Age is the greatest risk factor for breast cancer, but the reasons underlying this association are unclear. While there is undeniably a genetic component to all cancers, the accumulation of mutations with age is insufficient to explain the age-dependent increase in breast cancer incidence. In this viewpoint, we propose a multilevel framework to better understand the respective roles played by somatic mutation, microenvironment, and epigenetics making women more susceptible to breast cancer with age. The process of aging is associated with gradual breast tissue changes that not only corrupt the tumor-suppressive activity of normal tissue but also impose age-specific epigenetic changes that alter gene expression, thus reinforcing cellular phenotypes that are associated with a continuum of age-related tissue microenvironments. The evidence discussed here suggests that while the riddle of whether epigenetics drives microenvironmental changes, or whether changes in the microenvironment alter heritable cellular memory has not been solved, a path has been cleared enabling functional analysis leading to the prediction of key nodes in the network that link the microenvironment with the epigenome. The hypothesis that the accumulation of somatic mutations with age drives the age-related increase in breast cancer incidence, if correct, has a somewhat nihilistic conclusion, namely that cancers will be impossible to avoid. Alternatively, if microenvironment-driven epigenetic changes are the key to explaining susceptibility to age-related breast cancers, then there is hope that primary prevention is possible because epigenomes are relatively malleable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A LaBarge
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Calif., USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Liao S, Hartmaier RJ, McGuire KP, Puhalla SL, Luthra S, Chandran UR, Ma T, Bhargava R, Modugno F, Davidson NE, Benz S, Lee AV, Tseng GC, Oesterreich S. The molecular landscape of premenopausal breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2015; 17:104. [PMID: 26251034 PMCID: PMC4531812 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-015-0618-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer in premenopausal women (preM) is frequently associated with worse prognosis compared to that in postmenopausal women (postM), and there is evidence that preM estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) tumors may respond poorly to endocrine therapy. There is, however, a paucity of studies characterizing molecular alterations in premenopausal tumors, a potential avenue for personalizing therapy for this group of women. Methods Using TCGA and METABRIC databases, we analyzed gene expression, copy number, methylation, somatic mutation, and reverse-phase protein array data in breast cancers from >2,500 preM and postM women. Results PreM tumors showed unique gene expression compared to postM tumors, however, this difference was limited to ER+ tumors. ER+ preM tumors showed unique DNA methylation, copy number and somatic mutations. Integrative pathway analysis revealed that preM tumors had elevated integrin/laminin and EGFR signaling, with enrichment for upstream TGFβ-regulation. Finally, preM tumors showed three different gene expression clusters with significantly different outcomes. Conclusion Together these data suggest that ER+ preM tumors have distinct molecular characteristics compared to ER+ postM tumors, particularly with respect to integrin/laminin and EGFR signaling, which may represent therapeutic targets in this subgroup of breast cancers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-015-0618-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Liao
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Ryan J Hartmaier
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Womens Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Kandace P McGuire
- Womens Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. .,Department of Surgery University of Pittsburgh Cancer Center UPCI, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Shannon L Puhalla
- Womens Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Soumya Luthra
- Womens Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Uma R Chandran
- Womens Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Tianzhou Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Rohit Bhargava
- Department of Pathology Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Francesmary Modugno
- Womens Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. .,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Nancy E Davidson
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Womens Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Steve Benz
- Five3 Genomics, LLC, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
| | - Adrian V Lee
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Womens Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - George C Tseng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Department of Computational Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Steffi Oesterreich
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Womens Cancer Research Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Liedtke C, Rody A, Gluz O, Baumann K, Beyer D, Kohls EB, Lausen K, Hanker L, Holtrich U, Becker S, Karn T. The prognostic impact of age in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015. [PMID: 26195120 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3491-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous entity composed of distinct molecular subgroups with different molecular and clinical features. We analyzed the association between molecular breast cancer subgroups, age at diagnosis, and prognosis in a compilation of publicly available gene expression datasets. Affymetrix gene expression data (U133A or U133Plus2.0 arrays) of 4467 breast cancers from 40 datasets were compiled and homogenized. Breast cancer subgroups were defined based on expression of ESR1, PR, HER2, and Ki67. Event-free survival was calculated as recurrence-free survival or distant metastasis-free survival if recurrence-free survival was not available. Young age at diagnosis is associated with higher frequency of triple negative and HER2 subtypes and lower frequency of luminal A breast cancers. The 5-year event-free survival rates of patients aged less than 40, between 40 and 50, and >50 years were 54.3 ± 3.5, 68.5 ± 1.9, and 70.4 ± 1.3 %, respectively. When controlling for breast cancer subtype, we found that age <40 years remained significantly associated with poor prognosis in triple negative breast cancer. The effect was modest in luminal tumors and not found in HER2 subtype. Both subtypes and age retained their significances in multivariate analysis. Association of age at diagnosis with molecular breast cancer subtype contributes to its important role as prognostic factor among patients with breast cancer. Still, within the group of triple negative breast cancer, young age <40 years has a significant prognostic value which was retained in multivariate analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Liedtke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein/Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lüebeck, Germany,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Beheshti A, Benzekry S, McDonald JT, Ma L, Peluso M, Hahnfeldt P, Hlatky L. Host age is a systemic regulator of gene expression impacting cancer progression. Cancer Res 2015; 75:1134-43. [PMID: 25732382 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-1053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Aging is the major determinant of cancer incidence, which, in turn, is likely dictated in large part by processes that influence the progression of early subclinical (occult) cancers. However, there is little understanding of how aging informs changes in aggregate host signaling that favor cancer progression. In this study, we provide direct evidence that aging can serve as an organizing axis to define cancer progression-modulating processes. As a model system to explore this concept, we employed adolescent (68 days), young adult (143 days), middle-aged (551 days), and old (736 days) C57BL/6 mice as syngeneic hosts for engraftment of Lewis lung cancer to identify signaling and functional processes varying with host age. Older hosts exhibited dysregulated angiogenesis, metabolism, and apoptosis, all of which are associated with cancer progression. TGFβ1, a central player in these systemic processes, was downregulated consistently in older hosts. Our findings directly supported the conclusion of a strong host age dependence in determining the host tumor control dynamic. Furthermore, our results offer initial mechanism-based insights into how aging modulates tumor progression in ways that may be actionable for therapy or prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Beheshti
- Center of Cancer Systems Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sébastien Benzekry
- Center of Cancer Systems Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts. INRIA Bordeaux Sud-Ouest MC2, Talence, France
| | - J Tyson McDonald
- Center of Cancer Systems Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lili Ma
- Center of Cancer Systems Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Peluso
- Center of Cancer Systems Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Philip Hahnfeldt
- Center of Cancer Systems Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lynn Hlatky
- Center of Cancer Systems Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Peña-Chilet M, Martínez MT, Pérez-Fidalgo JA, Peiró-Chova L, Oltra SS, Tormo E, Alonso-Yuste E, Martinez-Delgado B, Eroles P, Climent J, Burgués O, Ferrer-Lozano J, Bosch A, Lluch A, Ribas G. MicroRNA profile in very young women with breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:529. [PMID: 25047087 PMCID: PMC4223555 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is rarely diagnosed in very young women (35years old or younger), and it often presents with distinct clinical-pathological features related to a more aggressive phenotype and worse prognosis when diagnosed at this early age. A pending question is whether breast cancer in very young women arises from the deregulation of different underlying mechanisms, something that will make this disease an entity differentiated from breast cancer diagnosed in older patients. Methods We performed a comprehensive study of miRNA expression using miRNA Affymetrix2.0 array on paraffin-embedded tumour tissue of 42 breast cancer patients 35 years old or younger, 17 patients between 45 and 65 years old and 29 older than 65 years. Data were statistically analyzed by t-test and a hierarchical clustering via average linkage method was conducted. Results were validated by qRT-PCR. Putative targeted pathways were obtained using DIANA miRPath online software. Results The results show a differential and unique miRNA expression profile of 121 miRNAs (p-value <0.05), 96 of those with a FDR-value <0.05. Hierarchical clustering grouped the samples according to their age, but not by subtype nor by tumour characteristics. We were able to validate by qRT-PCR differences in the expression of 6 miRNAs: miR-1228*, miR-3196, miR-1275, miR-92b, miR-139 and miR-1207. Moreover, all of the miRNAs maintained the expression trend. The validated miRNAs pointed out pathways related to cell motility, invasion and proliferation. Conclusions The study suggests that breast cancer in very young women appears as a distinct molecular signature. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a validated microRNA profile, distinctive to breast cancer in very young women, has been presented. The miRNA signature may be relevant to open an important field of research in order to elucidate the underlying mechanism in this particular disease, which in a more clinical setting, could potentially help to identify therapeutic targets in this particular set of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gloria Ribas
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Av, Blasco Ibañez, 17, Valencia 46010, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Feng CC, Chen LN, Chen MJ, Li W, Jia X, Zhou YY, He WM. Analysis of different activation statuses of human mammary epithelial cells from young and old groups. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:3763-6. [PMID: 24870790 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.8.3763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mammary epithelial cells have different proliferative statuses and demonstrate a close relationship with age and cell proliferation. Research on this topic could help understand the occurrence, progression and prognosis of breast cancer. In this article, using significance analysis of a microarray algorithm, we analyzed gene expression profiles of human mammary epithelial cells of different proliferative statuses and different age groups. The results showed there were significant differences in gene expression in the same proliferation status between elderly and young groups. Three common differentially expressed genes were found to dynamically change with the proliferation status and to be closely related to tumorigenesis. We also found elderly group had less status-related differential genes from actively proliferating status to intermediate status and more status- related differential genes from intermediate status than the young group. Finally, functional enrichment analyses allowed evaluation of the detailed roles of these differentially-expressed genes in tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Chen Feng
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China E-mail :
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Metsis V, Makedon F, Shen D, Huang H. DNA Copy Number Selection Using Robust Structured Sparsity-Inducing Norms. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2014; 11:168-181. [PMID: 26355516 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2013.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) is a newly introduced method for the detection of copy number abnormalities associated with human diseases with special focus on cancer. Specific patterns in DNA copy number variations (CNVs) can be associated with certain disease types and can facilitate prognosis and progress monitoring of the disease. Machine learning techniques have been used to model the problem of tissue typing as a classification problem. Feature selection is an important part of the classification process, because many biological features are not related to the diseases and confuse the classification tasks. Multiple feature selection methods have been proposed in the different domains where classification has been applied. In this work, we will present a new feature selection method based on structured sparsity-inducing norms to identify the informative aCGH biomarkers which can help us classify different disease subtypes. To validate the performance of the proposed method, we experimentally compare it with existing feature selection methods on four publicly available aCGH data sets. In all empirical results, the proposed sparse learning based feature selection method consistently outperforms other related approaches. More important, we carefully investigate the aCGH biomarkers selected by our method, and the biological evidences in literature strongly support our results.
Collapse
|
37
|
Pirone JR, D'Arcy M, Stewart DA, Hines WC, Johnson M, Gould MN, Yaswen P, Jerry DJ, Smith Schneider S, Troester MA. Age-associated gene expression in normal breast tissue mirrors qualitative age-at-incidence patterns for breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012; 21:1735-44. [PMID: 22859400 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-12-0451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age is the strongest breast cancer risk factor, with overall breast cancer risk increasing steadily beginning at approximately 30 years of age. However, while breast cancer risk is lower among younger women, young women's breast cancer may be more aggressive. Although, several genomic and epidemiologic studies have shown higher prevalence of aggressive, estrogen-receptor negative breast cancer in younger women, the age-related gene expression that predisposes to these tumors is poorly understood. Characterizing age-related patterns of gene expression in normal breast tissues may provide insights on etiology of distinct breast cancer subtypes that arise from these tissues. METHODS To identify age-related changes in normal breast tissue, 96 tissue specimens from patients with reduction mammoplasty, ages 14 to 70 years, were assayed by gene expression microarray. RESULTS Significant associations between gene expression levels and age were identified for 802 probes (481 increased, 321 decreased with increasing age). Enriched functions included "aging of cells," "shape change," and "chemotaxis," and enriched pathways included Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, Ephrin receptor signaling, and JAK/Stat signaling. Applying the age-associated genes to publicly available tumor datasets, the age-associated pathways defined two groups of tumors with distinct survival. CONCLUSION The hazard rates of young-like tumors mirrored that of high-grade tumors in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, providing a biologic link between normal aging and age-related tumor aggressiveness. IMPACT These data show that studies of normal tissue gene expression can yield important insights about the pathways and biologic pressures that are relevant during tumor etiology and progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Pirone
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Garbe JC, Pepin F, Pelissier FA, Sputova K, Fridriksdottir AJ, Guo DE, Villadsen R, Park M, Petersen OW, Borowsky AD, Stampfer MR, Labarge MA. Accumulation of multipotent progenitors with a basal differentiation bias during aging of human mammary epithelia. Cancer Res 2012; 72:3687-701. [PMID: 22552289 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Women older than 50 years account for 75% of new breast cancer diagnoses, and the majority of these tumors are of a luminal subtype. Although age-associated changes, including endocrine profiles and alterations within the breast microenvironment, increase cancer risk, an understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlies these observations is lacking. In this study, we generated a large collection of normal human mammary epithelial cell strains from women ages 16 to 91 years, derived from primary tissues, to investigate the molecular changes that occur in aging breast cells. We found that in finite lifespan cultured and uncultured epithelial cells, aging is associated with a reduction of myoepithelial cells and an increase in luminal cells that express keratin 14 and integrin-α6, a phenotype that is usually expressed exclusively in myoepithelial cells in women younger than 30 years. Changes to the luminal lineage resulted from age-dependent expansion of defective multipotent progenitors that gave rise to incompletely differentiated luminal or myoepithelial cells. The aging process therefore results in both a shift in the balance of luminal/myoepithelial lineages and to changes in the functional spectrum of multipotent progenitors, which together increase the potential for malignant transformation. Together, our findings provide a cellular basis to explain the observed vulnerability to breast cancer that increases with age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James C Garbe
- Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kaiser JC, Jacob P, Meckbach R, Cullings HM. Breast cancer risk in atomic bomb survivors from multi-model inference with incidence data 1958-1998. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2012; 51:1-14. [PMID: 21947564 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-011-0387-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer risk from radiation exposure has been analyzed in the cohort of Japanese a-bomb survivors using empirical models and mechanistic two-step clonal expansion (TSCE) models with incidence data from 1958 to 1998. TSCE models rely on a phenomenological representation of cell transition processes on the path to cancer. They describe the data as good as empirical models and this fact has been exploited for risk assessment. Adequate models of both types have been selected with a statistical protocol based on parsimonious parameter deployment and their risk estimates have been combined using multi-model inference techniques. TSCE models relate the radiation risk to cell processes which are controlled by age-increasing rates of initiating mutations and by changes in hormone levels due to menopause. For exposure at young age, they predict an enhanced excess relative risk (ERR) whereas the preferred empirical model shows no dependence on age at exposure. At attained age 70, the multi-model median of the ERR at 1 Gy decreases moderately from 1.2 Gy(-1) (90% CI 0.72; 2.1) for exposure at age 25 to a 30% lower value for exposure at age 55. For cohort strata with few cases, where model predictions diverge, uncertainty intervals from multi-model inference are enhanced by up to a factor of 1.6 compared to the preferred empirical model. Multi-model inference provides a joint risk estimate from several plausible models rather than relying on a single model of choice. It produces more reliable point estimates and improves the characterization of uncertainties. The method is recommended for risk assessment in practical radiation protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J C Kaiser
- Helmholtz-Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Institute of Radiation Protection, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mandusic V, Dimitrijevic B, Nikolic-Vukosavljevic D, Neskovic-Konstantinovic Z, Kanjer K, Hamann U. Different associations of estrogen receptor β isoforms, ERβ1 and ERβ2, expression levels with tumor size and survival in early- and late-onset breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2012; 321:73-9. [PMID: 22366496 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In breast cancer, little is known about the consequences of co-expression of ERα with the second estrogen receptor, ERβ, and its isoforms in light of their joint prognostic value. Previously reported correlations have been based mostly on independent ERα and ERβ expression levels in breast tumors. PURPOSE To address whether the expression ratio of ERα and ERβ and its isoforms may be a more important parameter than their absolute levels, we analyzed relative mRNA expression ratios of ERβ1 to ERβ2 and ERα in 74 clinical samples of invasive breast cancer including 39 early-onset and 35 late-onset breast cancers. Expression levels were correlated with clinical and histopathological parameters and disease-free interval. RESULTS A specific correlation of ERβ1 expression levels with tumor size was detected in early-onset breast cancer patients and of ERβ2 levels with tumor size in late-onset patients. Expression of both ERβ isoforms inversely correlated with expression of the two estrogen regulated genes, progesterone receptor and pS2 in both groups. Higher levels of ERβ2 than ERβ1 isoform were associated with a better outcome in late-onset patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that different isoforms of ERβ may be involved in suppression of tumor growth in young and elder patients and may have different prognostic values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Mandusic
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Molecular Genetics of Breast Cancer, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Endesfelder D, McGranahan N, Birkbak NJ, Szallasi Z, Kschischo M, Graham TA, Swanton C. A breast cancer meta-analysis of two expression measures of chromosomal instability reveals a relationship with younger age at diagnosis and high risk histopathological variables. Oncotarget 2012; 2:529-37. [PMID: 21709316 PMCID: PMC3248181 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer in younger patients often presents with adverse histopathological features, including increased frequency of estrogen receptor negative and lymph node positive disease status. Chromosomal instability (CIN) is increasingly recognised as an important prognostic variable in solid tumours. In a breast cancer meta-analysis of 2423 patients we examine the relationship between clinicopathological parameters and two distinct chromosomal instability gene expression signatures in order to address whether younger age at diagnosis is associated with increased tumour genome instability. We find that CIN, assessed by the two independently derived CIN expression signatures, is significantly associated with increased tumour size, ER negative or HER2 positive disease, higher tumour grade and younger age at diagnosis in ER negative breast cancer. These data support the hypothesis that chromosomal instability may be a defining feature of breast cancer biology and clinical outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Endesfelder
- Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London, WC2A 3LY, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Haakensen VD, Bjøro T, Lüders T, Riis M, Bukholm IK, Kristensen VN, Troester MA, Homen MM, Ursin G, Børresen-Dale AL, Helland Å. Serum estradiol levels associated with specific gene expression patterns in normal breast tissue and in breast carcinomas. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:332. [PMID: 21812955 PMCID: PMC3163631 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High serum levels of estradiol are associated with increased risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. Little is known about the gene expression in normal breast tissue in relation to levels of circulating serum estradiol. METHODS We compared whole genome expression data of breast tissue samples with serum hormone levels using data from 79 healthy women and 64 breast cancer patients. Significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) was used to identify differentially expressed genes and multivariate linear regression was used to identify independent associations. RESULTS Six genes (SCGB3A1, RSPO1, TLN2, SLITRK4, DCLK1, PTGS1) were found differentially expressed according to serum estradiol levels (FDR = 0). Three of these independently predicted estradiol levels in a multivariate model, as SCGB3A1 (HIN1) and TLN2 were up-regulated and PTGS1 (COX1) was down-regulated in breast samples from women with high serum estradiol. Serum estradiol, but none of the differentially expressed genes were significantly associated with mammographic density, another strong breast cancer risk factor. In breast carcinomas, expression of GREB1 and AREG was associated with serum estradiol in all cancers and in the subgroup of estrogen receptor positive cases. CONCLUSIONS We have identified genes associated with serum estradiol levels in normal breast tissue and in breast carcinomas. SCGB3A1 is a suggested tumor suppressor gene that inhibits cell growth and invasion and is methylated and down-regulated in many epithelial cancers. Our findings indicate this gene as an important inhibitor of breast cell proliferation in healthy women with high estradiol levels. In the breast, this gene is expressed in luminal cells only and is methylated in non-BRCA-related breast cancers. The possibility of a carcinogenic contribution of silencing of this gene for luminal, but not basal-like cancers should be further explored. PTGS1 induces prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production which in turn stimulates aromatase expression and hence increases the local production of estradiol. This is the first report studying such associations in normal breast tissue in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vilde D Haakensen
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Soon WW, Miller LD, Black MA, Dalmasso C, Chan XB, Pang B, Ong CW, Salto-Tellez M, Desai KV, Liu ET. Combined genomic and phenotype screening reveals secretory factor SPINK1 as an invasion and survival factor associated with patient prognosis in breast cancer. EMBO Mol Med 2011; 3:451-64. [PMID: 21656687 PMCID: PMC3377086 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.201100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2010] [Revised: 04/10/2011] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Secretory factors that drive cancer progression are attractive immunotherapeutic targets. We used a whole-genome data-mining approach on multiple cohorts of breast tumours annotated for clinical outcomes to discover such factors. We identified Serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 1 (SPINK1) to be associated with poor survival in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) cases. Immunohistochemistry showed that SPINK1 was absent in normal breast, present in early and advanced tumours, and its expression correlated with poor survival in ER+ tumours. In ER− cases, the prognostic effect did not reach statistical significance. Forced expression and/or exposure to recombinant SPINK1 induced invasiveness without affecting cell proliferation. However, down-regulation of SPINK1 resulted in cell death. Further, SPINK1 overexpressing cells were resistant to drug-induced apoptosis due to reduced caspase-3 levels and high expression of Bcl2 and phospho-Bcl2 proteins. Intriguingly, these anti-apoptotic effects of SPINK1 were abrogated by mutations of its protease inhibition domain. Thus, SPINK1 affects multiple aggressive properties in breast cancer: survival, invasiveness and chemoresistance. Because SPINK1 effects are abrogated by neutralizing antibodies, we suggest that SPINK1 is a viable potential therapeutic target in breast cancer.
Collapse
|
44
|
Yau C, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Foekens JA, Benz CC. Young age, increased tumor proliferation and FOXM1 expression predict early metastatic relapse only for endocrine-dependent breast cancers. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2011; 126:803-10. [PMID: 21225456 PMCID: PMC4337964 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-011-1345-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
It is unclear if earlier onset (<40 years) and greater proliferative capacity confer an equally poor prognosis to endocrine-dependent and endocrine-independent breast cancers. Available outcome (distant metastasis-free survival, DMFS) and expression microarray data from 621 adjuvant treatment-naïve, node-negative primary breast cancers were pooled for prognostic evaluation of age-at-diagnosis (< 40 years vs. ≥ 40 years) and tumor proliferative capacity relative to estrogen receptor status (n = 400 ER-positive, n = 221 ER-negative). Transcriptome measures of proliferative capacity included a proliferation score (PS) based on a 61-gene proliferation signature and the single gene surrogate, FOXM1. Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed no significant difference in DMFS between ER-positive and ER-negative cases >5 years after diagnosis. In contrast, younger age and higher proliferative capacity resulted in significantly more metastatic events cumulated over 15 years, but only in ER-positive breast cancers where positive correlations between age and proliferation were observed. While strongly correlated, FOXM1 and PS did not appear equivalent in relation to age and prognosis. The poor prognosis associated with breast cancer arising before age 40 or with higher proliferative capacity pertains only to endocrine-dependent (ER-positive) breast cancer, indicating that different biological processes drive the metastatic potential of ER-negative breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Yau
- Cancer and Developmental Therapeutics Program, Buck Institute for Age Research, 8001 Redwood Blvd., Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Yixin Wang
- Veridex LLC, Johnson and Johnson, San Diego, CA 921221, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Pfizer Global Pharmaceutical, Research and Development, La Jolla, CA 92121, USA
| | - John A. Foekens
- Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Josephine Nefkens Institute and Cancer Genomics Centre, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher C. Benz
- Cancer and Developmental Therapeutics Program, Buck Institute for Age Research, 8001 Redwood Blvd., Novato, CA 94945, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center and Division of Oncology-Hematology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Tricoli JV, Seibel NL, Blair DG, Albritton K, Hayes-Lattin B. Unique characteristics of adolescent and young adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia, breast cancer, and colon cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2011; 103:628-35. [PMID: 21436065 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djr094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Each year in the United States, nearly 70 000 individuals between the ages of 15 and 40 years are diagnosed with cancer. Although overall cancer survival rates among pediatric and older adult patients have increased in recent decades, there has been little improvement in survival of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients since 1975 when collected data became adequate to evaluate this issue. In 2006, the AYA Oncology Progress Review Group made recommendations for addressing the needs of this population that were later implemented by the LIVESTRONG Young Adult Alliance. One of their overriding questions was whether the cancers seen in AYA patients were biologically different than the same cancers in adult and/or pediatric patients. On June 9-10, 2009, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the Lance Armstrong Foundation (LAF) convened a workshop in Bethesda, MD, entitled "Unique Characteristics of AYA Cancers: Focus on Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL), Breast Cancer and Colon Cancer" that aimed to examine the current state of basic and translational research on these cancers and to discuss the next steps to improve their prognosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James V Tricoli
- Cancer Diagnosis Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, 6130 Executive Blvd, Executive Plaza North, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Tommasi S, Iannelli G, Menolascina F, Fedele V, Bevilacqua V, Paradiso A. Determining and Interpreting New Predictive Rules for Breast Cancer Familial Inheritance. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2011; 15:125-31. [DOI: 10.1089/omi.2010.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Filippo Menolascina
- National Cancer Centre of Bari, Italy
- Electrotechnic and Electronic Department, Polytechnic—Bari, Italy
| | - Vita Fedele
- National Cancer Centre of Bari, Italy
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Graham K, Ge X, de Las Morenas A, Tripathi A, Rosenberg CL. Gene expression profiles of estrogen receptor-positive and estrogen receptor-negative breast cancers are detectable in histologically normal breast epithelium. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 17:236-46. [PMID: 21059815 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-1369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previously, we found that gene expression in histologically normal breast epithelium (NlEpi) from women at high breast cancer risk can resemble gene expression in NlEpi from cancer-containing breasts. Therefore, we hypothesized that gene expression characteristic of a cancer subtype might be seen in NlEpi of breasts containing that subtype. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We examined gene expression in 46 cases of microdissected NlEpi from untreated women undergoing breast cancer surgery. From 30 age-matched cases [15 estrogen receptor (ER)+, 15 ER-] we used Affymetryix U133A arrays. From 16 independent cases (9 ER+, 7 ER-), we validated selected genes using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). We then compared gene expression between NlEpi and invasive breast cancer using four publicly available data sets. RESULTS We identified 198 genes that are differentially expressed between NlEpi from breasts with ER+ (NlEpiER+) compared with ER- cancers (NlEpiER-). These include genes characteristic of ER+ and ER- cancers (e.g., ESR1, GATA3, and CX3CL1, FABP7). qPCR validated the microarray results in both the 30 original cases and the 16 independent cases. Gene expression in NlEpiER+ and NlEpiER- resembled gene expression in ER+ and ER- cancers, respectively: 25% to 53% of the genes or probes examined in four external data sets overlapped between NlEpi and the corresponding cancer subtype. CONCLUSIONS Gene expression differs in NlEpi of breasts containing ER+ compared with ER- breast cancers. These differences echo differences in ER+ and ER- invasive cancers. NlEpi gene expression may help elucidate subtype-specific risk signatures, identify early genomic events in cancer development, and locate targets for prevention and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Graham
- Genetics and Genomics Program and Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Colak D, Chishti MA, Al-Bakheet AB, Al-Qahtani A, Shoukri MM, Goyns MH, Ozand PT, Quackenbush J, Park BH, Kaya N. Integrative and comparative genomics analysis of early hepatocellular carcinoma differentiated from liver regeneration in young and old. Mol Cancer 2010; 9:146. [PMID: 20540791 PMCID: PMC2898705 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-9-146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2009] [Accepted: 06/12/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. It is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, and hence typically has a poor prognosis. To identify distinct molecular mechanisms for early HCC we developed a rat model of liver regeneration post-hepatectomy, as well as liver cells undergoing malignant transformation and compared them to normal liver using a microarray approach. Subsequently, we performed cross-species comparative analysis coupled with copy number alterations (CNA) of independent early human HCC microarray studies to facilitate the identification of critical regulatory modules conserved across species. RESULTS We identified 35 signature genes conserved across species, and shared among different types of early human HCCs. Over 70% of signature genes were cancer-related, and more than 50% of the conserved genes were mapped to human genomic CNA regions. Functional annotation revealed genes already implicated in HCC, as well as novel genes which were not previously reported in liver tumors. A subset of differentially expressed genes was validated using quantitative RT-PCR. Concordance was also confirmed for a significant number of genes and pathways in five independent validation microarray datasets. Our results indicated alterations in a number of cancer related pathways, including p53, p38 MAPK, ERK/MAPK, PI3K/AKT, and TGF-beta signaling pathways, and potential critical regulatory role of MYC, ERBB2, HNF4A, and SMAD3 for early HCC transformation. CONCLUSIONS The integrative analysis of transcriptional deregulation, genomic CNA and comparative cross species analysis brings new insights into the molecular profile of early hepatoma formation. This approach may lead to robust biomarkers for the detection of early human HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Colak
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Graham K, de las Morenas A, Tripathi A, King C, Kavanah M, Mendez J, Stone M, Slama J, Miller M, Antoine G, Willers H, Sebastiani P, Rosenberg CL. Gene expression in histologically normal epithelium from breast cancer patients and from cancer-free prophylactic mastectomy patients shares a similar profile. Br J Cancer 2010; 102:1284-93. [PMID: 20197764 PMCID: PMC2855998 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We hypothesised that gene expression in histologically normal (HN) epithelium (NlEpi) would differ between breast cancer patients and usual-risk controls undergoing reduction mammoplasty (RM), and that gene expression in NlEpi from cancer-free prophylactic mastectomy (PM) samples from high-risk women would resemble HN gene expression. METHODS We analysed gene expression in 73 NlEpi samples microdissected from frozen tissue. In 42 samples, we used microarrays to compare gene expression between 18 RM patients and 18 age-matched HN (9 oestrogen receptor (ER)+, 9 ER-) and 6 PM patients. Data were analysed using a Bayesian approach (BADGE), and validated with quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) in 31 independent NlEpi samples from 8 RM, 17 HN, and 6 PM patients. RESULTS A total of 98 probe sets (86 genes) were differentially expressed between RM and HN samples. Performing hierarchical analysis with these 98 probe sets, PM and HN samples clustered together, away from RM samples. qPCR validation of independent samples was high (84%) and uniform in RM compared with HN patients, and lower (58%), but more heterogeneous, in RM compared with PM patients. The 86 genes were implicated in many processes including transcription and the MAPK pathway. CONCLUSION Gene expression differs between the NlEpi of breast cancer cases and controls. The profile of cancer cases can be discerned in high-risk NlEpi from cancer-free breasts. This suggests that the profile is not an effect of the tumour, but may mark increased risk and reveal the earliest genomic changes of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Graham
- Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Anderson WF, Jatoi I, Sherman ME. Qualitative age interactions in breast cancer studies: mind the gap. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27:5308-11. [PMID: 19826117 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.22.9450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- William F Anderson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|