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Azzahra F, Amalia R, Karsono AH, Tjandrawinata RR, Ismaya WT, Rachmawati H. The mannose-binding protein from Agaricus bisporus inhibits the growth of MDA-MB-231 spheroids. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14365. [PMID: 37749066 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
A mannose-binding protein from the mushroom Agaricus bisporus (Abmb) inhibits the growth of MDA-MB-231 cells, which is of an aggressive breast cancer subtype. This ability was observed in a monolayer cell (2D) culture setup, which often is unable to capture changes in cell morphology, polarity and division. That shortcoming may overestimate Abmb potency for its development as a pharmaceutical agent and its use in a therapy. Hence, Abmb's inhibition to the cell growth was performed in the 3D cell (spheroid) culture, which is more representative to the situation in vivo. The result showed that, although the presence of Abmb at ~14.7 μM already disrupted the MDA-MB-231 cell morphology in the 2D culture, its presence at ~16.5 μM only ceased the growth of the MDA-MB-231 spheroid. Further, Abmb is unique because structurally it belongs to the R-type lectin (RTL) family; most of mannose-binding protein is of the C-type lectin (CTL). As the natural ligand of Abmb is unknown thus the mechanism of action is unclear, Abmb effect on the cancer cells was assessed via observation of the altered expression of genes involved in the Wnt/β-catenin signalling, which is one of the canonical pathways in the proliferation of cancer cells. The results suggested that Abmb did not alter the pathway upon exerting its anti-proliferative activity to the MDA-MB-231 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fauzia Azzahra
- Research Group of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Riezki Amalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | - Agung Heru Karsono
- Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences, Dexa Medica, Cikarang, Indonesia
| | - Raymond Rubianto Tjandrawinata
- Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences, Dexa Medica, Cikarang, Indonesia
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Tangerang, Indonesia
| | - Wangsa Tirta Ismaya
- Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences, Dexa Medica, Cikarang, Indonesia
| | - Heni Rachmawati
- Research Group of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
- Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
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Wu L, Chu J, Shangguan L, Cao M, Lu F. Discovery and identification of the prognostic significance and potential mechanism of FMO2 in breast cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:12651-12673. [PMID: 37963835 PMCID: PMC10683592 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavin containing dimethylaniline monoxygenase 2 (FMO2), is downexpressed in diverse tumors and displays vital roles in tumorigenesis. However, the prognostic value and potential mechanism of FMO2 in breast cancer remain unclear. METHODS The expression of FMO2 was analyzed and the relationship between FMO2 expression level and clinical indicators in breast cancer was analyzed. Then the prognostic value of FMO2 in breast cancer was assessed. The FMO2-correlated genes were obtained, and the highest-ranked gene was chosen. The expression, therapeutic responder analysis, and gene set enrichment analysis of the highest-ranked gene were conducted. RESULTS FMO2 was downregulated in breast cancer and was closely related to clinical indicators. Patients with decreased FMO2 expression showed poor overall survival, post-progression survival, relapse-free survival, and distant metastasis-free survival. FMO2 correlates with N/ER/PR subgroups in breast cancer and patients with high FMO2 levels were sensitive to anti-programmed cell death protein 1, anti-programmed death-ligand 1, and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 immunotherapies. Mechanically, FMO2 was positively and highly correlated with secreted Frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1), which was downregulated in breast cancer due to hypermethylation. Moreover, SFRP1 was correlated to pathological complete response and relapse-free survival status at 5 years regardless of any chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and anti-HER2 therapy. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed enrichment of component and coagulation cascades, focal adhesion, protein export, and spliceosome. CONCLUSIONS FMO2 was lower expressed in breast cancer than normal tissues and contributes to subtype classification and prognosis prediction with co-expressed SFRP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichun Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Chu
- The First People’s Hospital of Ziyang, Ziyang, China
| | - Lijuan Shangguan
- Outpatient Department, People’s Hospital of Jianyang, Jianyang, China
| | - Mingfei Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chuankong Hospital of Jianyang, Jianyang, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Experimental Medicine, The People’s Hospital of Jianyang City, Jianyang, China
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3
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Seitz J, Bilsland A, Puget C, Baasner I, Klopfleisch R, Stein T. SFRP1 Expression is Inversely Associated With Metastasis Formation in Canine Mammary Tumours. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2023; 28:15. [PMID: 37402051 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-023-09543-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canine mammary tumours (CMTs) are the most frequent tumours in intact female dogs and show strong similarities with human breast cancer. In contrast to the human disease there are no standardised diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers available to guide treatment. We recently identified a prognostic 18-gene RNA signature that could stratify human breast cancer patients into groups with significantly different risk of distant metastasis formation. Here, we assessed whether expression patterns of these RNAs were also associated with canine tumour progression. METHOD A sequential forward feature selection process was performed on a previously published microarray dataset of 27 CMTs with and without lymph node (LN) metastases to identify RNAs with significantly differential expression to identify prognostic genes within the 18-gene signature. Using an independent set of 33 newly identified archival CMTs, we compared expression of the identified prognostic subset on RNA and protein basis using RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry on FFPE-tissue sections. RESULTS While the 18-gene signature as a whole did not have any prognostic power, a subset of three RNAs: Col13a1, Spock2, and Sfrp1, together completely separated CMTs with and without LN metastasis in the microarray set. However, in the new independent set assessed by RT-qPCR, only the Wnt-antagonist Sfrp1 showed significantly increased mRNA abundance in CMTs without LN metastases on its own (p = 0.013) in logistic regression analysis. This correlated with stronger SFRP1 protein staining intensity of the myoepithelium and/or stroma (p < 0.001). SFRP1 staining, as well as β-catenin membrane staining, was significantly associated with negative LN status (p = 0.010 and 0.014 respectively). However, SFRP1 did not correlate with β-catenin membrane staining (p = 0.14). CONCLUSION The study identified SFRP1 as a potential biomarker for metastasis formation in CMTs, but lack of SFRP1 was not associated with reduced membrane-localisation of β-catenin in CMTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Seitz
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Chloé Puget
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ian Baasner
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Klopfleisch
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Stein
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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4
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Mihanfar A, Yousefi B, Azizzadeh B, Majidinia M. Interactions of melatonin with various signaling pathways: implications for cancer therapy. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:420. [PMID: 36581900 PMCID: PMC9798601 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02825-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a neuro-hormone with conserved roles in evolution. Initially synthetized as an antioxidant molecule, it has gained prominence as a key molecule in the regulation of the circadian rhythm. Melatonin exerts its effect by binding to cytoplasmic and intra-nuclear receptors, and is able to regulate the expression of key mediators of different signaling pathways. This ability has led scholars to investigate the role of melatonin in reversing the process of carcinogenesis, a process in which many signaling pathways are involved, and regulating these pathways may be of clinical significance. In this review, the role of melatonin in regulating multiple signaling pathways with important roles in cancer progression is discussed, and evidence regarding the beneficence of targeting malignancies with this approach is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainaz Mihanfar
- grid.412763.50000 0004 0442 8645Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bita Azizzadeh
- grid.449129.30000 0004 0611 9408Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- grid.412763.50000 0004 0442 8645Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Yang PS, Chao YT, Lung CF, Liu CL, Chang YC, Li KC, Hsu YC. Association of Pathway Mutations With Survival in Taiwanese Breast Cancers. Front Oncol 2022; 12:819555. [PMID: 35936696 PMCID: PMC9354680 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.819555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer in women worldwide. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) provides a high-resolution profile of cancer genome. Our study ultimately gives the insight for genetic screening to identify the minority of patients with breast cancer with a poor prognosis, who might benefit from the most intensive possible treatment. The detection of mutations can polish the traditional method to detect high-risk patients who experience poor prognosis, recurrence and death early. In total, 147 breast cancer tumors were sequenced with targeted sequencing using a RainDance Cancer Hotspot Panel. The average age of all 147 breast cancer patients in the study was 51.7 years, with a range of 21-77 years. The average sequencing depth was 5,222x (range 2,900x-8,633x), and the coverage was approximately 100%. A total of 235 variants in 43 genes were detected in 147 patients by high-depth Illumina sequencing. A total of 219 single nucleotide variations were found in 42 genes from 147 patients, and 16 indel mutations were found in 13 genes from 84 patients. After filtering with the 1000 Genomes database and for synonymous SNPs, we focused on 54 somatic functional point mutations. The functional point mutations contained 54 missense mutations in 22 genes. Additionally, mutation of genes within the RET, PTEN, CDH1, MAP2K4, NF1, ERBB2, RUNX1, PIK3CA, FGFR3, KIT, KDR, APC, SMO, NOTCH1, and FBXW7 in breast cancer patients were with poor prognosis. Moreover, TP53 and APC mutations were enriched in triple-negative breast cancer. APC mutations were associated with a poor prognosis in human breast cancer (log-rank P<0.001). Our study identified tumor mutation hotspot profiles in Taiwanese breast cancer patients, revealing new targetable gene mutations in Asian breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Sheng Yang
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ting Chao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Fan Lung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Liang Liu
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ching Chang
- Department of General Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ker-Chau Li
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Statistics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yi-Chiung Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Kombiyil S, Sivasithamparam ND. In Vitro Anti-cancer Effect of Crataegus oxyacantha Berry Extract on Hormone Receptor Positive and Triple Negative Breast Cancers via Regulation of Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 195:2687-2708. [PMID: 35262883 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03724-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer treatment strategy depends mainly on the receptor status. Our aim was to identify a herbal preparation, effective against breast cancer, irrespective of hormone sensitivity, and to understand its molecular mechanism. The rich antioxidant composition of hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha) makes it a promising anti-cancer drug candidate. Polyphenol-rich methanolic extract of C. oxyacantha berry (M.Co) was found to be cytotoxic on hormone receptor positive (MCF-7) and triple negative (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cell lines, at a dose (75 μg/ml) safe on normal cells. It could effectively inhibit tumor cell proliferation and arrest cell cycle at G1/S transition in both cell lines. Molecular targets were selected from different levels of canonical Wnt signaling pathway (such as autocrine and antagonistic ligands, receptor, effector, cytoplasmic components, downstream targets, and pathway antagonist), since they are frequently found dysregulated in all breast cancers and their aberrant activation is associated with cancer stem cell expansion. M.Co could significantly downregulate the expression of Wnt pathway agonists and upregulate that of Wnt antagonists at transcriptional and translational levels, in both cell lines. To conclude, C. oxyacantha berry extract is effective against breast cancer irrespective of its hormone dependency, and cancer growth inhibition at stem cell level can be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salini Kombiyil
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025, India
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Validation of SFRP1 Promoter Hypermethylation in Plasma as a Prognostic Marker for Survival and Gemcitabine Effectiveness in Patients with Stage IV Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225717. [PMID: 34830873 PMCID: PMC8616084 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a disease with an incredibly grim prognosis. Most patients die within one year of receiving the diagnosis. There are currently very few tools to help the clinician decide between treatment options and evaluate prognosis at an individual level. The aim of the current study was to assess the effect of promoter hypermethylation of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (phSFRP1) as an independent prognostic blood-based biomarker in gemcitabine-treated patients with advanced PDAC. The study was conducted as a combined discovery and validation study. Analysis in both cohorts confirmed that patients with phSFRP1 had overall poorer survival compared to those without hypermethylation. Thus, phSFRP1 shows promise as an independent prognostic biomarker in this patient group and can hopefully aid the clinician and patient find the correct balance between quantity and quality of life. Abstract No reliable predictive blood-based biomarkers are available for determining survival from pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This combined discovery and validation study examines promoter hypermethylation (ph) of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) in plasma-derived cell-free DNA as an independent prognostic marker for survival and Gemcitabine effectiveness in patients with stage IV PDAC. We conducted methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction analysis of the promoter region of the SFRP1 gene, based on bisulfite treatment. Survival was analyzed with Kaplan–Meier curves, log-rank test, and Cox regression. The discovery cohort included 40 patients, 25 receiving Gem. Gem-treated patients with phSFRP1 had a shorter median overall survival (mOS) (4.4 months) than unmethylated patients (11.6 months). Adjusted Cox-regression yielded a hazard rate (HR) of 3.48 (1.39–8.70). The validation cohort included 58 Gem-treated patients. Patients with phSFRP1 had a shorter mOS (3.2 months) than unmethylated patients (6.3 months). Adjusted Cox regression yielded an HR of 3.53 (1.85–6.74). In both cohorts, phSFRP1 was associated with poorer survival in Gem-treated patients. This may indicate that tumors with phSFRP1 are more aggressive and less sensitive to Gem treatment. This knowledge may facilitate tailored treatment of patients with stage IV PDAC. Further studies are planned to examine phSFRP1 in more intensive chemotherapy regimens.
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8
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RNA binding motif 47 (RBM47): emerging roles in vertebrate development, RNA editing and cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:4493-4505. [PMID: 34499322 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04256-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are critical players in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression and are associated with each event in RNA metabolism. The term 'RNA-binding motif' (RBM) is assigned to novel RBPs with one or more RNA recognition motif (RRM) domains that are mainly involved in the nuclear processing of RNAs. RBM47 is a novel RBP conserved in vertebrates with three RRM domains whose contributions to various aspects of cellular functions are as yet emerging. Loss of RBM47 function affects head morphogenesis in zebrafish embryos and leads to perinatal lethality in mouse embryos, thereby assigning it to be an essential gene in early development of vertebrates. Its function as an essential cofactor for APOBEC1 in C to U RNA editing of several targets through substitution for A1CF in the A1CF-APOBEC1 editosome, established a new paradigm in the field. Recent advances in the understanding of its involvement in cancer progression assigned RBM47 to be a tumor suppressor that acts by inhibiting EMT and Wnt/[Formula: see text]-catenin signaling through post-transcriptional regulation. RBM47 is also required to maintain immune homeostasis, which adds another facet to its regulatory role in cellular functions. Here, we review the emerging roles of RBM47 in various biological contexts and discuss the current gaps in our knowledge alongside future perspectives for the field.
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Khan A, Siddiqui S, Husain SA, Mazurek S, Iqbal MA. Phytocompounds Targeting Metabolic Reprogramming in Cancer: An Assessment of Role, Mechanisms, Pathways, and Therapeutic Relevance. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:6897-6928. [PMID: 34133161 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The metabolism of cancer is remarkably different from that of normal cells and confers a variety of benefits, including the promotion of other cancer hallmarks. As the rewired metabolism is a near-universal property of cancer cells, efforts are underway to exploit metabolic vulnerabilities for therapeutic benefits. In the continued search for safer and effective ways of cancer treatment, structurally diverse plant-based compounds have gained substantial attention. Here, we present an extensive assessment of the role of phytocompounds in modulating cancer metabolism and attempt to make a case for the use of plant-based compounds in targeting metabolic vulnerabilities of cancer. We discuss the pharmacological interactions of phytocompounds with major metabolic pathways and evaluate the role of phytocompounds in the regulation of growth signaling and transcriptional programs involved in the metabolic transformation of cancer. Lastly, we examine the potential of these compounds in the clinical management of cancer along with limitations and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asifa Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Shumaila Siddiqui
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Syed Akhtar Husain
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Sybille Mazurek
- Institute of Veterinary-Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Giessen, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Mohammad Askandar Iqbal
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
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10
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Targeting Wnt Signaling in Endometrial Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102351. [PMID: 34068065 PMCID: PMC8152465 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Wnt has diverse regulatory roles at multiple cellular levels and numerous targeting points, and aberrant Wnt signaling has crucial roles in carcinogenesis, metastasis, cancer recurrence, and chemotherapy resistance; based on these facts, Wnt represents an appealing therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Although preclinical data supports a role for the Wnt signaling pathway in uterine carcinogenesis, this area remains understudied. In this review, we identify the functions of several oncogenes of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in tumorigenesis and address the translation approach with potent Wnt inhibitors that have already been established or are being investigated to target key components of the pathway. Further research is likely to expand the potential for both biomarker and cancer drug development. There is a scarcity of treatment choices for advanced and recurrent endometrial cancer; investigating the sophisticated connections of Wnt signaling networks in endometrial cancer could address the unmet need for new therapeutic targets. Abstract This review presents new findings on Wnt signaling in endometrial carcinoma and implications for possible future treatments. The Wnt proteins are essential mediators in cell signaling during vertebrate embryo development. Recent biochemical and genetic studies have provided significant insight into Wnt signaling, in particular in cell cycle regulation, inflammation, and cancer. The role of Wnt signaling is well established in gastrointestinal and breast cancers, but its function in gynecologic cancers, especially in endometrial cancers, has not been well elucidated. Development of a subset of endometrial carcinomas has been attributed to activation of the APC/β-catenin signaling pathway (due to β-catenin mutations) and downregulation of Wnt antagonists by epigenetic silencing. The Wnt pathway also appears to be linked to estrogen and progesterone, and new findings implicate it in mTOR and Hedgehog signaling. Therapeutic interference of Wnt signaling remains a significant challenge. Herein, we discuss the Wnt-activating mechanisms in endometrial cancer and review the current advances and challenges in drug discovery.
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11
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Lager TW, Conner C, Keating CR, Warshaw JN, Panopoulos AD. Cell surface GRP78 and Dermcidin cooperate to regulate breast cancer cell migration through Wnt signaling. Oncogene 2021; 40:4050-4059. [PMID: 33981001 PMCID: PMC8197743 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01821-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The heat shock protein GRP78 typically resides in the endoplasmic reticulum in normal tissues, but it has been shown to be expressed on the cell surface of several cancer cells, and some stem cells, where it can act as a signaling molecule by not-yet-fully defined mechanisms. Although cell surface GRP78 (sGRP78) has emerged as an attractive chemotherapeutic target, understanding how sGRP78 is functioning in cancer has been complicated by the fact that sGRP78 can function in a cell-context dependent manner, with a diverse array of reported binding partners, to regulate a variety of cellular responses. We had previously shown that sGRP78 was important in regulating pluripotent stem cell (PSC) functions, and hypothesized that embryonic-like mechanisms of GRP78 were critical to regulating aggressive breast cancer cell functions. Here, using proteomics we identify Dermcidin (DCD) as a novel sGRP78 binding partner common to both PSCs and breast cancer cells. We show that GRP78 and DCD cooperate to regulate stem cell and cancer cell migration that is dependent on the cell surface functions of these proteins. Finally, we identify Wnt/β-catenin signaling, a critical pathway in stem cell and cancer cell biology, as an important downstream intermediate in regulating this migration phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyson W Lager
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.,Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Clay Conner
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.,Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Claudia R Keating
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.,Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Jane N Warshaw
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.,Departments of Cell Biology and Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Athanasia D Panopoulos
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA. .,Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA. .,Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
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12
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Castro-Piedras I, Sharma M, Brelsfoard J, Vartak D, Martinez EG, Rivera C, Molehin D, Bright RK, Fokar M, Guindon J, Pruitt K. Nuclear Dishevelled targets gene regulatory regions and promotes tumor growth. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e50600. [PMID: 33860601 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202050600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dishevelled (DVL) critically regulates Wnt signaling and contributes to a wide spectrum of diseases and is important in normal and pathophysiological settings. However, how it mediates diverse cellular functions remains poorly understood. Recent discoveries have revealed that constitutive Wnt pathway activation contributes to breast cancer malignancy, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are unknown and very few studies have examined the nuclear role of DVL. Here, we have performed DVL3 ChIP-seq analyses and identify novel target genes bound by DVL3. We show that DVL3 depletion alters KMT2D binding to novel targets and changes their epigenetic marks and mRNA levels. We further demonstrate that DVL3 inhibition leads to decreased tumor growth in two different breast cancer models in vivo. Our data uncover new DVL3 functions through its regulation of multiple genes involved in developmental biology, antigen presentation, metabolism, chromatin remodeling, and tumorigenesis. Overall, our study provides unique insight into the function of nuclear DVL, which helps to define its role in mediating aberrant Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Castro-Piedras
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Monica Sharma
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer Brelsfoard
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - David Vartak
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Edgar G Martinez
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Cristian Rivera
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Deborah Molehin
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Robert K Bright
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Mohamed Fokar
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Josee Guindon
- Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Kevin Pruitt
- Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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13
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PEG3 mutation is associated with elevated tumor mutation burden and poor prognosis in breast cancer. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:225944. [PMID: 32729618 PMCID: PMC7419805 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20201648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the second most common malignancy in women and considered as a severe health burden. PEG3 mutations have been observed in several cancers. However, the associations of PEG3 mutation with tumor mutation burden (TMB) and prognosis in breast cancer have not been investigated. Methods: In our study, the somatic mutation data of 986 breast cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analyzed. Results: It showed that PEG3 had a relatively high mutation rate (2%). After calculated the TMB in PEG3 mutant and PEG3 wild-type groups, we found the TMB value was significantly higher in PEG3 mutant samples than that in PEG3 wild-type samples (P = 5.6e-07), which was independent of the confounding factors including age, stage, mutations of BRCA1, BRCA2 and POLE (odd ratio, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.20–0.98; P=0.044). Survival analysis revealed that PEG3 mutant samples had inferior survival outcome compared with the PEG3 wild-type samples after adjusted for the confounding factors above (hazard ratio, 0.27; 95% CI: 0.12–0.57; P<0.001). Conclusion: These results illustrated that PEG3 mutation was associated with high TMB and inferior prognosis, suggesting PEG3 mutation might play a guiding role in prognosis prediction and immunotherapy selection in breast cancer.
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14
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Rossi FA, Enriqué Steinberg JH, Calvo Roitberg EH, Joshi MU, Pandey A, Abba MC, Dufrusine B, Buglioni S, De Laurenzi V, Sala G, Lattanzio R, Espinosa JM, Rossi M. USP19 modulates cancer cell migration and invasion and acts as a novel prognostic marker in patients with early breast cancer. Oncogenesis 2021; 10:28. [PMID: 33714979 PMCID: PMC7956144 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-021-00318-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cell dissemination in cancer patients is associated with a significant reduction in their survival and quality of life. The ubiquitination pathway plays a fundamental role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis both in normal and stressed conditions and its dysregulation has been associated with malignant transformation and invasive potential of tumor cells, thus highlighting its value as a potential therapeutic target. In order to identify novel molecular targets of tumor cell migration and invasion we performed a genetic screen with an shRNA library against ubiquitination pathway-related genes. To this end, we set up a protocol to specifically enrich positive migration regulator candidates. We identified the deubiquitinase USP19 and demonstrated that its silencing reduces the migratory and invasive potential of highly invasive breast cancer cell lines. We extended our investigation in vivo and confirmed that mice injected with USP19 depleted cells display increased tumor-free survival, as well as a delay in the onset of the tumor formation and a significant reduction in the appearance of metastatic foci, indicating that tumor cell invasion and dissemination is impaired. In contrast, overexpression of USP19 increased cell invasiveness both in vitro and in vivo, further validating our findings. More importantly, we demonstrated that USP19 catalytic activity is important for the control of tumor cell migration and invasion, and that its molecular mechanism of action involves LRP6, a Wnt co-receptor. Finally, we showed that USP19 overexpression is a surrogate prognostic marker of distant relapse in patients with early breast cancer. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that USP19 might represent a novel therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Alejandra Rossi
- grid.412850.a0000 0004 0489 7281Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT) - CONICET, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires Argentina ,grid.423606.50000 0001 1945 2152Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA-CONICET-MPSP), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juliana Haydeé Enriqué Steinberg
- grid.412850.a0000 0004 0489 7281Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT) - CONICET, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires Argentina ,grid.423606.50000 0001 1945 2152Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA-CONICET-MPSP), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Hernán Calvo Roitberg
- grid.412850.a0000 0004 0489 7281Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT) - CONICET, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires Argentina ,grid.423606.50000 0001 1945 2152Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA-CONICET-MPSP), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Molishree Umesh Joshi
- grid.430503.10000 0001 0703 675XFunctional Genomics Facility, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Ahwan Pandey
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Martin Carlos Abba
- grid.9499.d0000 0001 2097 3940Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas – Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Beatrice Dufrusine
- grid.412451.70000 0001 2181 4941Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Simonetta Buglioni
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation Department, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Laurenzi
- grid.412451.70000 0001 2181 4941Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Gianluca Sala
- grid.412451.70000 0001 2181 4941Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Rossano Lattanzio
- grid.412451.70000 0001 2181 4941Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Joaquín Maximiliano Espinosa
- grid.430503.10000 0001 0703 675XFunctional Genomics Facility, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO USA ,grid.430503.10000 0001 0703 675XLinda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO USA ,grid.430503.10000 0001 0703 675XDepartment of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Mario Rossi
- grid.412850.a0000 0004 0489 7281Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT) - CONICET, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires Argentina
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15
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de Oliveira VA, Pereira IC, Nogueira TR, Martins JA, Péres-Rodrigues G, de Jesus e Silva de Almendra B, Silva VC, Júnior DD, Leal FL, de Castro e Sousa JM, da Silva FC, de Carvalho Melo Cavalcanti AA, de Azevedo Paiva A. The Role of Vitamin E in Breast Cancer Treatment and Prevention: Current Perspectives. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401316999200614164711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Regarding the multifactorial etiology of breast cancer, food choices, as well
as dietary intake, are the main modified factors in cancer prevention. In this sense, understanding
molecular pathways involved in breast cancer proliferation can help determine the mechanisms of
action of organic compounds such as antioxidant vitamins that are known to protect against cancer.
Objective:
Assess the mechanism of action of vitamin E in breast cancer modulation, with emphasis
on important markers of tumor development.
Methods:
It is a systematic review carried out in PubMed and Web of Science databases, from the
last 5 years, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. The following terms were selected according to The
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): “breast cancer” OR “breast neoplasms”, “tocopherol” OR
“tocotrienols” OR “vitamin E”, as equated terms.
Results:
A total of 595 articles were found and 25 were selected according to inclusion criteria.
Vitamin E has been related to suppression/overexpression of important tumorigenic pathways,
mainly associated with proliferation, energy metabolism, chemosensitivity and invasion/metastasis.
Clinical studies of vitamin E supplementation are needed to assess the dose/response effect on breast
cancer patients.
Conclusion:
The safety of vitamin E supplementation is still controversial due to current studies design
available. However, when vitamin E is supplemented, the dose and therapeutic regimen must be
carefully decided, including the route of administration and breast cancer subtypes to enhance
desired effects and minimize unwanted side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor A. de Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Piaui State, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Irislene C. Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Piaui State, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Thaís R. Nogueira
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Piaui State, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Jorddam A. Martins
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Piaui State, Teresina, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vladimir C. Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Piaui State, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Dalton D. Júnior
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Piaui State, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Francisco L.T. Leal
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Piaui State, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Joáo M. de Castro e Sousa
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Piaui State, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Felipe C.C. da Silva
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Piaui, UFPI, Piaui State, Picos, Brazil
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16
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Kinosada H, Okada-Iwasaki R, Kunieda K, Suzuki-Imaizumi M, Takahashi Y, Miyagi H, Suzuki M, Motosawa K, Watanabe M, Mie M, Ishii T, Ishida H, Saito JI, Nakai R. The dual pocket binding novel tankyrase inhibitor K-476 enhances the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor by attracting CD8 + T cells to tumors. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:264-276. [PMID: 33520373 PMCID: PMC7840722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which is associated with disease progression, is activated in many cancers. Tankyrase (TNKS) has received attention as a target molecule for Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibition. We identified K-476, a novel TNKS inhibitor, a dual pocket binder that binds to both the nicotinamide and ADP-ribose pockets. In a human colon cancer cell line, K-476 specifically and potently inhibited TNKS and led to stabilization of the Axin protein, resulting in Wnt/β-catenin pathway suppression. Aberrant Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation was recently reported as a possible mechanism of ineffectiveness in immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. Because the Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation causes dendritic cell inactivation and suppresses chemokine production, resulting in a paucity of CD8+ T cells in tumor tissue, which is an important effector of ICIs. Thus, TNKS inhibitors may enhance the efficacy of ICIs. To examine whether K-476 enhances the antitumor effect of anti-PD-L1 antibodies, K-476 was administered orally with an anti-PD-L1 antibody to melanoma-bearing C57BL/6J mice. Although K-476 was ineffective as a monotherapy, it significantly enhanced the antitumor effect in combination with anti-PD-L1 antibody. In mice, intra-tumor infiltration of CD8+ T cells was increased by combination treatment. K-476 upregulated the chemokine expression (e.g., Ccl3 and Ccl4), which attracted CD8+ T cells. This was considered to contribute to the increased CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, while the potential gastrointestinal toxicity of TNKS inhibitors has been reported, it was not observed at effective doses. Thus, K-476 could be an attractive therapeutic option to enhance the efficacy of ICIs.
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17
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Wu G, Weng W, Xia P, Yan S, Zhong C, Xie L, Xie Y, Fan G. Wnt signalling pathway in bladder cancer. Cell Signal 2020; 79:109886. [PMID: 33340660 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common tumours of the urinary system and is also known as a highly malignant tumour. In addition to conventional diagnosis and treatment methods, recent research has focused on studying the molecular mechanisms related to BC, in the hope that new, less toxic and effective targeted anticancer drugs and new diagnostic markers can be discovered. It is known that the Wingless (Wnt) signalling pathway and its related genes, proteins and other substances are involved in multiple biological processes of various tumours. Clarifying the contribution of the Wnt signalling pathway in bladder tumours will help establish early diagnosis indicators, develop new therapeutic drugs and evaluate the prognosis for BC. This review aims to summarise previous studies related to BC and the Wnt signalling pathway, with a focus on exploring the participating substances and their mechanisms in the regulation of the Wnt signalling pathway to better determine how to promote new chemotherapeutic drugs, potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanlin Wu
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13125, Germany; Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin 13125, Germany.
| | - Weidong Weng
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, BG Unfallklinik Tübingen, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, Tübingen D-72076, Germany.
| | - Pengfei Xia
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13125, Germany; Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin 13125, Germany.
| | - Shixian Yan
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13125, Germany; Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin 13125, Germany.
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 13125, Germany; Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany.
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Urology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China.
| | - Yu Xie
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine of Central South University, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
| | - Gang Fan
- Department of Urology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China; Department of Urology, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine of Central South University, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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18
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Kadian LK, Yadav R, Nanda S, Gulshan G, Sharma S, Yadav C. High-risk HPV infection modulates the promoter hypermethylation of APC, SFRP1, and PTEN in cervical cancer patients of North India. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:9725-9732. [PMID: 33230782 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05960-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Persistent infection with oncogenic HPV and downregulation of tumor suppressor genes play an essential role in the development and progression of cervical cancer. The present study aimed to identify the promoter methylation status of APC, SFRP1, and PTEN which are important regulators of Wnt pathway and their association with high-risk HPV infection and gene expression. Methylation Specific PCR (MSP) and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) were used to detect methylation status and gene expression levels of APC, SFRP1, and PTEN in cervical cancer biopsies (110) and paired non-cancerous biopsies (28). APC promoter was methylated in 38%, SFRP1 in 95%, and PTEN in 55% of the cervical cancer biopsies. Our data showed a trend of a higher rate of methylation of the gene promoters in cervical cancer biopsies while; they were majorly un-methylated in non-cancerous biopsies. Corresponding to a higher rate of methylation in cancer biopsies, the gene expression levels of APC, SFRP1, and PTEN were reduced in cervical cancer samples in comparison to normal cervix tissues. Further, we observed that 97% cancer biopsies were HPV infected and high-risk type HPV16 and 18 infections were significantly positively associated with APC (p = 0.008 and p = 0.007), SFRP1 (p = 0.003 and p = 0.0067), and PTEN (p = 0.049 and p = 0.008) promoter methylation. APC, SFRP1, and PTEN promoter hyper-methylation is positively associated with high-risk HPV infection and inversely associated with gene expression. Our findings show that high-risk HPV infection promotes methylation of these genes and further promotes their silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh Kumari Kadian
- Department of Genetics, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Ritu Yadav
- Department of Genetics, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India.
| | - Smiti Nanda
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Gulshan Gulshan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shivkant Sharma
- Department of Genetics, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Chetna Yadav
- Department of Genetics, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
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19
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Xi C, Wang J, Sun H, Zhang X, Kang H. Loss of microRNA-30e induced by extracellular vesicles from cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes breast cancer progression by binding to CTHRC1. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 118:104586. [PMID: 33264647 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a frequently occurring malignancy within female population. Recently, the significance of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) (CAF-EVs) in malignancies has been increasingly recognized. The study aims to explore the functional mechanism of CAF-EVs in the development of BC. Initially, EVs were isolated from CAF, followed by observation on morphological change using transmission electronic microscope. Next, BC and the adjacent normal tissues were collected for quantification of microRNA (miR)-30e and collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (CTHRC1) using RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. miR-30e was downregulated in BC, while CTHRC1 was upregulated. Luciferase assay revealed that miR-30e targeted CTHRC1. miR-30e and CTHRC1 expression was altered to evaluate their effects on BC cell viabilities in vitro. It was shown that overexpression of miR-30e or silencing of CTHRC1 suppressed proliferation, migration/invasion of BC cells but promoted apoptosis. Xenograft tumors were developed in mice to observe the tumorigenesis. To sum up, CAF-EVs reduced miR-30e expression to upregulate CTHRC1, which aggravated BC in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfang Xi
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan 030012, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Jiangfen Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan 030012, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Haichen Sun
- Department of Surgery Lab, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Xuran Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan 030012, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Hua Kang
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China.
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20
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Wang Y, Dong T, Wang P, Li S, Wu G, Zhou J, Wang Z. LINC00922 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasive and migratory capacities in breast cancer through promoting NKD2 methylation. Cell Signal 2020; 77:109808. [PMID: 33045317 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer ranks as the major reason for mortality in women populations, accounting for 23% of all cancer deaths. One in every three Asian women encounters the risk of this cancer in their lifetime. Long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) have emerged as tumor promoters and suppressors. The molecular mechanism of breast cancer remains elusive. Therefore, the current study aimed to explore the role lincRNA LINC00922 plays in the development of breast cancer. Breast cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were obtained from 109 patients with breast cancer. The RNA extraction and quantification and immunohistochemical staining characterized the high expression of LINC00922 and low expression of NKD2 in breast cancer tissues in comparison to its adjacent counterparts. Furthermore, the ectopic expression and knockdown experiments were conducted to figure out the in vivo and in vitro effects of LINC00922 on breast cancer progression. The ectopically expressed LINC00922 activated the Wnt signaling pathway, promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell proliferative, invasive and migratory capacities, tumor growth and metastasis. Additionally, the RIP and ChIP assay identified that LINC00922 recruited DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B proteins in the promoter region of NKD2 to promote NKD2 promoter methylation, thus reducing the NKD2 expression. Moreover, the Wnt signaling pathway was activated subsequent to NKD2 silencing, which was reversed by LINC00922 silencing. Lastly, the anti-oncogenic effects of LINC00922 inhibition was antagonized after NKD2 knocked down. The current study provides evidence that LINC00922 acts as a tumor promoter by promoting NKD2 methylation. Hopefully, it provides a novel potential gene target for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222061, PR China
| | - Tianfu Dong
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222061, PR China
| | - Peishun Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222061, PR China
| | - Shuqin Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222061, PR China
| | - Geng Wu
- Department of Stomatology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222061, PR China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222061, PR China
| | - Zhiqi Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, PR China.
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21
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Lim WF, Mohamad Yusof MI, Teh LK, Salleh MZ. Significant Decreased Expressions of CaN, VEGF, SLC39A6 and SFRP1 in MDA-MB-231 Xenograft Breast Tumor Mice Treated with Moringa oleifera Leaves and Seed Residue (MOLSr) Extracts. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12102993. [PMID: 33007803 PMCID: PMC7601446 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera is a miracle plant with many nutritional and medicinal properties. Chemopreventive values of the combined mixture of moringa leaves and seed residue (MOLSr) at different ratios (M1S9, M1S1 and M9S1) were investigated. MOLSr extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening, antioxidant assays, metabolite profiling and cytotoxic activity on the primary mammary epithelial cells (PMECs), non-malignant Chang’s liver cells and various human cancer cell lines (including breast, cervical, colon and liver cancer cell lines). The MOLSr ratio with the most potent cytotoxic activity was used in xenograft mice injected with MDA-MB-231 cells for in vivo tumorigenicity study as well as further protein and gene expression studies. M1S9, specifically composed of saponin and amino acid, retained the lowest antioxidant activity but the highest glucosinolate content as compared to other ratios. Cell viability decreased significantly in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and PMECs after treatment with M1S9. Solid tumor from MDA-MB-231 xenograft mice was inhibited by up to 64.5% at third week after treatment with high-dose M1S9. High-dose M1S9 significantly decreased the expression of calcineurin (CaN) and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) proteins as well as the secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) and solute carrier family 39 member 6 (SLC39A6) genes. This study provides new scientific evidence for the chemoprevention potential of MOLSr extracts in a breast cancer model; however, the precise mechanism warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Feng Lim
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (W.F.L.); (M.I.M.Y.)
| | - Mohd Izwan Mohamad Yusof
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (W.F.L.); (M.I.M.Y.)
| | - Lay Kek Teh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (W.F.L.); (M.I.M.Y.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; (L.K.T.); (M.Z.S.); Tel.: +60-3-3258-4658 (L.K.T. & M.Z.S.)
| | - Mohd Zaki Salleh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (W.F.L.); (M.I.M.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; (L.K.T.); (M.Z.S.); Tel.: +60-3-3258-4658 (L.K.T. & M.Z.S.)
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22
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Malla RR, Deepak K, Merchant N, Dasari VR. Breast Tumor Microenvironment: Emerging target of therapeutic phytochemicals. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 70:153227. [PMID: 32339885 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and challenging form of breast cancers. Tumor microenvironment (TME) of TNBC is associated with induction of metastasis, immune system suppression, escaping immune detection and drug resistance. TME is highly complex and heterogeneous, consists of tumor cells, stromal cells and immune cells. The rapid expansion of tumors induce hypoxia, which concerns the reprogramming of TME components. The reciprocal communication of tumor cells and TME cells predisposes cancer cells to metastasis by modulation of developmental pathways, Wnt, notch, hedgehog and their related mechanisms in TME. Dietary phytochemicals are non-toxic and associated with various human health benefits and remarkable spectrum of biological activities. The phytochemicals serve as vital resources for drug discovery and also as a source for breast cancer therapy. The novel properties of dietary phytochemicals propose platform for modulation of tumor signaling, overcoming drug resistance, and targeting TME. Therefore, TME could serve as promising target for the treatment of TNBC. This review presents current status and implications of experimentally evaluated therapeutic phytochemicals as potential targeting agents of TME, potential nanosystems for targeted delivery of phytochemicals and their current challenges and future implications in TNBC treatment. The dietary phytochemicals especially curcumin with significant delivery system could prevent TNBC development as it is considered safe and well tolerated in phase II clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Rao Malla
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, India.
| | - Kgk Deepak
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, India
| | - Neha Merchant
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Venkata Ramesh Dasari
- Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Geisinger Clinic, 100 Academy Ave, Danville, PA, 17822, USA
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Wnt Signaling in Cancer Metabolism and Immunity. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070904. [PMID: 31261718 PMCID: PMC6678221 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wingless (Wnt)/β-catenin pathway has long been associated with tumorigenesis, tumor plasticity, and tumor-initiating cells called cancer stem cells (CSCs). Wnt signaling has recently been implicated in the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells. Aberrant Wnt signaling is considered to be a driver of metabolic alterations of glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and lipogenesis, processes essential to the survival of bulk and CSC populations. Over the past decade, the Wnt pathway has also been shown to regulate the tumor microenvironment (TME) and anti-cancer immunity. Wnt ligands released by tumor cells in the TME facilitate the immune evasion of cancer cells and hamper immunotherapy. In this review, we illustrate the role of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway in cancer metabolism and immunity to explore the potential therapeutic approach of targeting Wnt signaling from a metabolic and immunological perspective.
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Zhang Y, Jeffrey J, Dong F, Zhang J, Kao WWY, Liu CY, Yuan Y. Repressed Wnt Signaling Accelerates the Aging Process in Mouse Eyes. J Ophthalmol 2019; 2019:7604396. [PMID: 31318361 PMCID: PMC6604355 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7604396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Ocular aging is a natural process of functional decline in vision. When the process reaches a point that compromised vision affects normal daily activity, it manifests as age-related ocular diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration, cataracts, glaucoma, and pseudoexfoliation syndrome. We previously reported that repressed Wnt signaling accelerated the maturation of corneal epithelium during tissue development. Here, we explore the hypothesis that repressed Wnt signaling is associated with accelerated aging in mouse eyes. METHODS Wnt ligand antagonist secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (sFRP1) was expressed in the corneal stroma by a tissue-specific, inducible, bitransgenic system. Tissue structure was analyzed for signs of aging. Signal transduction analysis was performed to determine the cellular response to sFRP1. RESULTS Mouse eyes with sFRP1 expression showed signs of accelerated aging, resembling those found in pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome, a known age-related disease. Specific findings include granular deposition on the surface of the anterior lens capsule, pigment loss from the anterior surface of the iris, the presence of fibrillary material in the anterior chamber, and changes in cell size (polymegethism) and shape (pleomorphism) of the corneal endothelial cells. In vitro studies demonstrated that sFRP1 did not inhibit Wnt5a function and that cells responded to sFRP1 and Wnt5a in a very similar manner. CONCLUSION The expression of sFRP1 accelerates the aging process in mouse eyes and future studies are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Zhang
- School of Optometry, Indiana University, 800 East Atwater Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Joseph Jeffrey
- Crawley Vision Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Fei Dong
- Crawley Vision Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Crawley Vision Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Winston W.-Y. Kao
- Crawley Vision Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Chia-Yang Liu
- School of Optometry, Indiana University, 800 East Atwater Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Yong Yuan
- Crawley Vision Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Schäfer SA, Hülsewig C, Barth P, von Wahlde MK, Tio J, Kolberg HC, Bernemann C, Blohmer JU, Kiesel L, Kolberg-Liedtke C. Correlation between SFRP1 expression and clinicopathological parameters in patients with triple-negative breast cancer. Future Oncol 2019; 15:1921-1938. [DOI: 10.2217/fon-2018-0564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with distinct molecular and clinical behavior demanding reliable biomarkers, especially in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study seeks to improve the understanding of SFRP1 as a potential biomarker in breast cancer focusing on TNBC. Materials & methods: SFRP1 expression was investigated via immunohistochemistry with two anti-SFRP1-antibodies on tissue-microarrays of 376 invasive breast cancers. Results: Statistical analysis revealed a highly significant association between TNBC (n = 36) and SFRP1 expression (p < 0.001). SFRP1 expression was significantly associated with younger age, higher tumor stage, size and grade. Conclusion: SFRP1 expression is strongly correlated with TNBC on protein level. Associations with age and tumor grade support the role of SFRP1 as a biomarker for chemotherapy response in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alexandra Schäfer
- Department of Pediatrics, Sana Kliniken Duisburg, Zu den Rehwiesen 9, 47055 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Hülsewig
- Molecular Health GmbH, Kurfürstenanlage 21, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Barth
- Gerhard-Domagk Departement for Pathology, University Münster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1 D17, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marie-Kristin von Wahlde
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1 A1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Joke Tio
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1 A1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hans-Christian Kolberg
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Marienhospital Bottrop, Josef-Albers-Str. 70, 46236 Bottrop, Germany
| | - Christof Bernemann
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1 A1, University Münster, Medical Faculty, Domagkstr, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jens-Uwe Blohmer
- Department of Gynecology & Breast Center, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ludwig Kiesel
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer Campus 1 A1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Cornelia Kolberg-Liedtke
- Department of Gynecology & Breast Center, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Cominetti MR, Altei WF, Selistre-de-Araujo HS. Metastasis inhibition in breast cancer by targeting cancer cell extravasation. BREAST CANCER (DOVE MEDICAL PRESS) 2019; 11:165-178. [PMID: 31114313 PMCID: PMC6497883 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s166725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The spread of cells from primary tumors toward distant tissues and organs, also known as metastasis, is responsible for most cancer-associated deaths. The metastasis cascade comprises a series of events, characterized by the displacement of tumor cells (TCs) from the primary tumor to distant organs by traveling through the bloodstream, and their subsequent colonization. The first step in metastasis involves loss of cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions, increased invasiveness and migratory abilities, leading to intravasation of TCs into the blood or lymphatic vessels. Stationary TCs must undergo the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in order to achieve this migratory and invasive phenotype. Circulating tumor cells that have survived in the circulation and left the blood or lymphatic vessels will reach distant sites where they may stay dormant for many years or grow to form secondary tumors. To do this, cells need to go through the mesenchymal-epithelial transition to revert the phenotype in order to regain epithelial cell-to-cell junctions, grow and become a clinically relevant and detectable tumor mass. This work will review the main steps of the metastatic cascade and describe some strategies to inhibit metastasis by reducing cancer cell extravasation presenting recent studies in the context of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia R Cominetti
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Wanessa F Altei
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Harb J, Lin PJ, Hao J. Recent Development of Wnt Signaling Pathway Inhibitors for Cancer Therapeutics. Curr Oncol Rep 2019; 21:12. [PMID: 30715618 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-019-0763-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Review current understanding of both canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling in cancer and provide updated knowledge in current clinical trials of Wnt signaling drugs. RECENT FINDINGS Important roles of both canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling in cancer have been increasingly recognized. Recent clinical trials of several Wnt-signaling drugs have showed promising outcomes. In addition, some drugs that were originally approved for the treatment of other diseases have been recently found to block Wnt signaling, highlighting their potential to treat Wnt-dependent cancer. Dysfunction of Wnt signaling is implicated in cancer, and targeting Wnt signaling represents a useful approach to treat cancer. Current clinical trials of Wnt signaling drugs have showed promising outcomes, and repurposing the previously approved drugs for other diseases to treat Wnt-dependent cancer requires further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry Harb
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA
| | - Pen-Jen Lin
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA
| | - Jijun Hao
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA. .,College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E 2nd Street, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA.
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28
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Han W, Wang Y, Fan J, Wang C. Is APC hypermethylation a diagnostic biomarker for bladder cancer? A meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:8359-8369. [PMID: 30568459 PMCID: PMC6267632 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s177601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Numerous studies have been performed to investigate the association between APC promoter hypermethylation and bladder cancer risk. Nevertheless, the conclusion was uncertain due to small sample size, different ethnicities, and tumor subtype. Hence, to accurately assess the effect of APC promoter hypermethylation on the risk of bladder cancer, we performed the meta-analysis. Materials and methods We retrieved the relevant literatures from electronic databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Wanfang, Vapp, and CNKI (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure). 95% CI and OR were calculated to evaluate the associations of APC promoter hypermethylation with risk and clinical features of bladder cancer. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed with Q test and I 2 statistic. In addition, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) value of APC hypermethylation for bladder cancer were calculated. Results In total, 14 articles with 531 controls and 1,293 cases were included to assess the associations of APC promoter hypermethylation with the risk and clinical characteristics of bladder cancer. The significant association between APC promoter hypermethylation and bladder cancer risk was detected (OR =17.01, CI =7.40-39.07). Furthermore, the results revealed that APC promoter hypermethylation was significantly correlated with the grade of bladder tumor (pTNM stage: OR =1.84, CI =0.87-3.93; grade: OR =4.11, CI =1.62-10.43). According to the results of diagnostic evaluation, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and AUC value of APC hypermethylation for bladder cancer risk were 0.52 (95% CI =0.41-0.63), 0.98 (95% CI =0.90-1.00), and 0.80 (95% CI =0.76-0.83), respectively. Conclusion This meta-analysis revealed that APC promoter hypermethylation was a risk factor for bladder cancer risk. In addition, APC promoter hypermethylation was significantly associated with the grade of bladder cancer. APC hypermethylation might be a useful biomarker for the clinical diagnosis of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Central Hospital of Zibo Mining Group Limited Liability Company, Zibo, China
| | - Yutao Wang
- Shandong Institute of Prevention and Control for Endemic Disease, Thyroid Disease Prevention and Control Center, Jinan, China,
| | - Jingli Fan
- Shandong Institute of Prevention and Control for Endemic Disease, Thyroid Disease Prevention and Control Center, Jinan, China,
| | - Chunlei Wang
- Shandong Institute of Prevention and Control for Endemic Disease, Thyroid Disease Prevention and Control Center, Jinan, China,
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Muhammad BA, Almozyan S, Babaei-Jadidi R, Onyido EK, Saadeddin A, Kashfi SH, Spencer-Dene B, Ilyas M, Lourdusamy A, Behrens A, Nateri AS. FLYWCH1, a Novel Suppressor of Nuclear β-Catenin, Regulates Migration and Morphology in Colorectal Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:1977-1990. [PMID: 30097457 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays a critical role during development of both normal and malignant colorectal cancer tissues. Phosphorylation of β-catenin protein alters its trafficking and function. Such conventional allosteric regulation usually involves a highly specialized set of molecular interactions, which may specifically turn on a particular cell phenotype. This study identifies a novel transcription modulator with an FLYWCH/Zn-finger DNA-binding domain, called "FLYWCH1." Using a modified yeast-2-hybrid based Ras-Recruitment system, it is demonstrated that FLYWCH1 directly binds to unphosphorylated (nuclear) β-catenin efficiently suppressing the transcriptional activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling that cannot be rescued by TCF4. FLYWCH1 rearranges the transcriptional activity of β-catenin/TCF4 to selectively block the expression of specific downstream genes associated with colorectal cancer cell migration and morphology, including ZEB1, EPHA4, and E-cadherin. Accordingly, overexpression of FLYWCH1 reduces cell motility and increases cell attachment. The expression of FLYWCH1 negatively correlates with the expression level of ZEB1 and EPHA4 in normal versus primary and metastatic colorectal cancer tissues in patients. Thus, FLYWCH1 antagonizes β-catenin/TCF4 signaling during cell polarity/migration in colorectal cancer. IMPLICATIONS: This study uncovers a new molecular mechanism by which FLYWCH1 with a possible tumor suppressive role represses β-catenin-induced ZEB1 and increases cadherin-mediated cell attachment preventing colorectal cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belal A Muhammad
- Cancer Genetics and Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
- Division of Experimental Haematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Centre, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Sheema Almozyan
- Cancer Genetics and Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | - Roya Babaei-Jadidi
- Cancer Genetics and Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | - Emenike K Onyido
- Cancer Genetics and Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anas Saadeddin
- Cancer Genetics and Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Tres Cantos Medicines Development Campus, GlaxoSmithKline, Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Seyed Hossein Kashfi
- Cancer Genetics and Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Bradley Spencer-Dene
- Experimental Histopathology Laboratory, the Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Advanced Cell Diagnostics, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Ilyas
- Molecular Pathology Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anbarasu Lourdusamy
- Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Axel Behrens
- Adult Stem Cell Laboratory, the Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Abdolrahman S Nateri
- Cancer Genetics and Stem Cell Group, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
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30
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Dittmer J. Breast cancer stem cells: Features, key drivers and treatment options. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 53:59-74. [PMID: 30059727 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The current view is that breast cancer is a stem cell disease characterized by the existence of cancer cells with stem-like features and tumor-initiating potential. These cells are made responsible for tumor dissemination and metastasis. Common therapies by chemotherapeutic drugs fail to eradicate these cells and rather increase the pool of cancer stem cells in tumors, an effect that may increase the likelyhood of recurrence. Fifteen years after the first evidence for a small stem-like subpopulation playing a major role in breast cancer initiation has been published a large body of knowledge has been accumulated regarding the signaling cascades and proteins involved in maintaining stemness in breast cancer. Differences in the stem cell pool size and in mechanisms regulating stemness in the different breast cancer subtypes have emerged. Overall, this knowledge offers new approaches to intervene with breast cancer stem cell activity. New options are particularly needed for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer subtype, which is particularly rich in cancer stem cells and is also the subtype for which specific therapies are still not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Dittmer
- Clinic for Gynecology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
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31
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Kaymak A, Sayols S, Papadopoulou T, Richly H. Role for the transcriptional activator ZRF1 in early metastatic events in breast cancer progression and endocrine resistance. Oncotarget 2018; 9:28666-28690. [PMID: 29983888 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women which is often treated with hormone therapy and chemotherapy. Despite the improvements in detection and treatment of breast cancer, the vast majority of breast cancer patients are diagnosed with metastatic disease either at the beginning of the disease or later during treatment. Still, the molecular mechanisms causing a therapy resistant metastatic breast cancer are still elusive. In the present study we addressed the function of the transcriptional activator ZRF1 during breast cancer progression. We provide evidence that ZRF1 plays an essential role for the early metastatic events in vitro and acts like a tumor suppressor protein during the progression of breast invasive ductal carcinoma into a more advanced stage. Hence, depletion of ZRF1 results in the acquisition of metastatic behavior by facilitating the initiation of the metastatic cascade, notably for cell adhesion, migration and invasion. Furthermore absence of ZRF1 provokes endocrine resistance via misregulation of cell death and cell survival related pathways. Taken together, we have identified ZRF1 as an important regulator of breast cancer progression that holds the potential to be explored for new treatment strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegül Kaymak
- Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sergi Sayols
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thaleia Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institute Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Holger Richly
- Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
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Tocci JM, Felcher CM, García Solá ME, Goddio MV, Zimberlin MN, Rubinstein N, Srebrow A, Coso OA, Abba MC, Meiss RP, Kordon EC. R-spondin3 Is Associated with Basal-Progenitor Behavior in Normal and Tumor Mammary Cells. Cancer Res 2018; 78:4497-4511. [PMID: 29748375 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
R-spondin3 (RSPO3) is a member of a family of secreted proteins that enhance Wnt signaling pathways in diverse processes, including cancer. However, the role of RSPO3 in mammary gland and breast cancer development remains unclear. In this study, we show that RSPO3 is expressed in the basal stem cell-enriched compartment of normal mouse mammary glands but is absent from committed mature luminal cells in which exogenous RSPO3 impairs lactogenic differentiation. RSPO3 knockdown in basal-like mouse mammary tumor cells reduced canonical Wnt signaling, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-like features, migration capacity, and tumor formation in vivo Conversely, RSPO3 overexpression, which was associated with some LGR and RUNX factors, highly correlated with the basal-like subtype among patients with breast cancer. Thus, we identified RSPO3 as a novel key modulator of breast cancer development and a potential target for treatment of basal-like breast cancers.Significance: These findings identify RSPO3 as a potential therapetuic target in basal-like breast cancers.Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/16/4497/F1.large.jpg Cancer Res; 78(16); 4497-511. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M Tocci
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carla M Felcher
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín E García Solá
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Goddio
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Noel Zimberlin
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalia Rubinstein
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anabella Srebrow
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Omar A Coso
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín C Abba
- Basic and Applied Immunological Research Center, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Roberto P Meiss
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Oncology Studies, National Academy of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Edith C Kordon
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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33
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Taipaleenmäki H, Farina NH, van Wijnen AJ, Stein JL, Hesse E, Stein GS, Lian JB. Antagonizing miR-218-5p attenuates Wnt signaling and reduces metastatic bone disease of triple negative breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:79032-79046. [PMID: 27738322 PMCID: PMC5346696 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is implicated in bone formation and activated in breast cancer cells promoting primary and metastatic tumor growth. A compelling question is whether osteogenic miRNAs that increase Wnt activity for bone formation are aberrantly expressed in breast tumor cells to support metastatic bone disease. Here we report that miR-218-5p is highly expressed in bone metastases from breast cancer patients, but is not detected in normal mammary epithelial cells. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-218-5p impaired the growth of bone metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells in the bone microenvironment in vivo. These findings indicate a positive role for miR-218-5p in bone metastasis. Bioinformatic and biochemical analyses revealed a positive correlation between aberrant miR-218-5p expression and activation of Wnt signaling in breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, miR-218-5p targets the Wnt inhibitors Sclerostin (SOST) and sFRP-2, which highly enhances Wnt signaling. In contrast, delivery of antimiR-218-5p decreased Wnt activity and the expression of metastasis-related genes, including bone sialoprotein (BSP/IBSP), osteopontin (OPN/SPP1) and CXCR-4, implicating a Wnt/miR-218-5p regulatory network in bone metastatic breast cancer. Furthermore, miR-218-5p also mediates the Wnt-dependent up-regulation of PTHrP, a key cytokine promoting cancer-induced osteolysis. Antagonizing miR-218-5p reduced the expression of PTHrP and Rankl, inhibited osteoclast differentiation in vitro and in vivo, and prevented the development of osteolytic lesions in a preclinical metastasis model. We conclude that pathological elevation of miR-218-5p in breast cancer cells activates Wnt signaling to enhance metastatic properties of breast cancer cells and cancer-induced osteolytic disease, suggesting that miR-218-5p could be an attractive therapeutic target for preventing disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Taipaleenmäki
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Heisenberg-Group for Molecular Skeletal Biology, Department of Trauma, Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicholas H Farina
- Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Janet L Stein
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Eric Hesse
- Heisenberg-Group for Molecular Skeletal Biology, Department of Trauma, Hand & Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gary S Stein
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Jane B Lian
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry & Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
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The Wnt Signaling Landscape of Mammary Stem Cells and Breast Tumors. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 153:271-298. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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35
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Haider MT, Taipaleenmäki H. Targeting the Metastatic Bone Microenvironment by MicroRNAs. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:202. [PMID: 29780354 PMCID: PMC5946017 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases are a common and devastating feature of late-stage breast cancer. Metastatic bone disease is a consequence of disturbed bone remodeling due to pathological interactions between cancer cells and the bone microenvironment (BME). In the BME, breast cancer cells severely alter the balanced bone formation and bone resorption driven by osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The complex cellular cross talk in the BME is governed by secreted molecules, signaling pathways and epigenetic cues including non-coding RNAs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that reduce protein abundance and regulate several biological processes, including bone remodeling. Under pathological conditions, abnormal miRNA signaling contributes to the progression of diseases, such as bone metastasis. Recently miRNAs have been demonstrated to regulate several key drivers of bone metastasis. Furthermore, miRNAs are implicated as important regulators of cellular interactions within the metastatic BME. As a consequence, targeting the BME by miRNA delivery or antagonism has been reported to limit disease progression in experimental and preclinical conditions positioning miRNAs as emerging novel therapeutic tools in metastatic bone disease. This review will summarize our current understanding on the composition and function of the metastatic BME and discuss the recent advances how miRNAs can modulate pathological interactions in the bone environment.
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De P, Carlson JH, Wu H, Marcus A, Leyland-Jones B, Dey N. Wnt-beta-catenin pathway signals metastasis-associated tumor cell phenotypes in triple negative breast cancers. Oncotarget 2017; 7:43124-43149. [PMID: 27281609 PMCID: PMC5190013 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells acquire metastasis-associated (MA) phenotypes following genetic alterations in them which cause deregulation of different signaling pathways. Earlier, we reported that an upregulation of the Wnt-beta-catenin pathway (WP) is one of the genetic salient features of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and WP signaling is associated with metastasis in TNBC. Using cBioPortal, here we found that collective % of alteration(s) in WP genes, CTNNB1, APC and DVL1 among breast-invasive-carcinomas was 21% as compared to 56% in PAM50 Basal. To understand the functional relevance of WP in the biology of heterogeneous/metastasizing TNBC cells, we undertook this comprehensive study using 15 cell lines in which we examined the role of WP in the context of integrin-dependent MA-phenotypes. Directional movement of tumor cells was observed by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy and quantitative confocal-video-microscopy while matrigel-invasion was studied by MMP7-specific casein-zymography. WntC59, XAV939, sulindac sulfide and beta-catenin siRNA (1) inhibited fibronectin-directed migration, (2) decreased podia-parameters and motility-descriptors, (3) altered filamentous-actin, (4) decreased matrigel-invasion and (5) inhibited cell proliferation as well as 3D clonogenic growth. Sulindac sulfide and beta-catenin siRNA decreased beta-catenin/active-beta-catenin and MMP7. LWnt3ACM-stimulated proliferation, clonogenicity, fibronection-directed migration and matrigel-invasion were perturbed by WP-modulators, sulindac sulfide and GDC-0941. We studied a direct involvement of WP in metastasis by stimulating brain-metastasis-specific MDA-MB231BR cells to demonstrate that LWnt3ACM-stimulated proliferation, clonogenicity and migration were blocked following sulindac sulfide, GDC-0941 and beta-catenin knockdown. We present the first evidence showing a direct functional relationship between WP activation and integrin-dependent MA-phenotypes. By proving the functional relationship between WP activation and MA-phenotypes, our data mechanistically explains (1) why different components of WP are upregulated in TNBC, (2) how WP activation is associated with metastasis and (3) how integrin-dependent MA-phenotypes can be regulated by mitigating the WP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip De
- Department of Molecular & Experimental Medicine, Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, SSOM, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Jennifer H Carlson
- Department of Molecular & Experimental Medicine, Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, WCI, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Adam Marcus
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, WCI, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Brian Leyland-Jones
- Department of Molecular & Experimental Medicine, Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, SSOM, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Nandini Dey
- Department of Molecular & Experimental Medicine, Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, SSOM, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
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Guo L, Wang X, Yang Y, Xu H, Zhang Z, Yin L, Wang Y, Yang M, Zhao S, Bai S, Zhao L, Wang Z, Lian X, Liu Y, Zhang Q. Methylation of DACT2 contributes to the progression of breast cancer through activating WNT signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:3287-3294. [PMID: 29435071 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has been demonstrated to play important roles in breast carcinogenesis and to be associated with a poorer prognosis in breast cancer patients. However, genetic mutation is not the major reason for Wnt/β-catenin activation in breast cancer. Dishevelled-associated antagonist of β-catenin homolog 2 (DACT2) is a negative regulator of β-catenin and acts as a tumor suppressor in numerous cancer types; however, the expression change and potential role of DACT2 in breast cancer is unknown. The present study detected the expression and function of DACT2 in breast cancer progression. It was identified that the expression of DACT2 significantly decreased in breast cancer tissues compared with paired adjacent normal breast tissues. Additional investigation demonstrated that the hypermethylation of DACT2 gene promoter contributes to the loss of the gene in breast cancer. It was also demonstrated that DACT2 is a tumor suppressor in breast cancer and inhibits the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer cells by repressing the expression of β-catenin target genes associated with tumor growth and metastasis. The present study indicates that the loss of DACT2 may contribute to breast cancer progression and provides a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Yuguang Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Hongchun Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mudanjiang Tumor Hospital, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157000, P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, General Hospital of Daqing Oil Field, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, P.R. China
| | - Lili Yin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Heilongjiang Electric Power Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Maopeng Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Shu Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Shuping Bai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Xin Lian
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Qingyuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
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38
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Ali R, Samman N, Al Zahrani H, Nehdi A, Rahman S, Khan AL, Al Balwi M, Alriyees LA, Alzaid M, Al Askar A, Boudjelal M. Isolation and characterization of a new naturally immortalized human breast carcinoma cell line, KAIMRC1. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:803. [PMID: 29187162 PMCID: PMC5707794 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3812-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer and a leading cause of death in women. Up to date the most commonly used breast cancer cell lines are originating from Caucasians or Afro-Americans but rarely cells are being derived from other ethnic groups. Here we describe for the first time the establishment of a naturally transformed breast cancer cell line, KAIMRC1 from an Arab woman of age 62 suffering from stage IIB breast cancer (T2N1M0). Moreover, we have characterized these cells for the biological and molecular markers, induction of MAPK pathways as well as its response to different commercially available drugs and compounds. Methods Breast cancer tissue sections were minced and cultured in media for several weeks. KAIMRC1 cells were successfully isolated from one of the primary breast tumor tissue cultures without any enzymatic digestion. To study the growth characteristics of the cells, wound healing assay, clonogenic assay, cell proliferation assays and live cell time-lapse microscopy was performed. Karyotyping, Immunophenotyping and molecular pathway specific compound treatment was also performed. A selective breast cancer gene expression panel was used to identify genes involved in the signal transduction dysregulation and malfunction of normal biological processes during breast carcinogenesis. Results These cells are ER/PR-positive and HER2-negative. The epithelial nature of these cells was confirmed by flow cytometry analysis using epithelial cell markers. They are cuboidal in shape and relatively smaller in size as compared to established cell lines, MCF-7, MDA MB-231 and the normal breast cell line, MCF-10A. In normal cell culture conditions these cells showed the capability of growing both in monolayer as well as in 3-D conformation. They showed a doubling time in vitro of approximately 24 h. They exhibit a modal karyotype of 58–63,X with abnormalities in a couple of chromosomes. KAIMRC1 cells were found to be more responsive to drug treatment in vitro in comparison to the established MDA MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines. Conclusions In conclusion we have isolated and characterized a new naturally immortalized breast cell line, KAIMRC1 with a potential to play a key role in opening up novel avenues towards the understanding of breast carcinoma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-017-3812-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ali
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms (MRCFP), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), National Guard Health Affairs (NGHA), P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center/ King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), NGHA, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nosaibah Samman
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms (MRCFP), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), National Guard Health Affairs (NGHA), P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center/ King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), NGHA, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hajar Al Zahrani
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms (MRCFP), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), National Guard Health Affairs (NGHA), P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center/ King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), NGHA, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atef Nehdi
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms (MRCFP), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), National Guard Health Affairs (NGHA), P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center/ King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), NGHA, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabhi Rahman
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms (MRCFP), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), National Guard Health Affairs (NGHA), P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center/ King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), NGHA, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC), NGHA, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Al Balwi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC), NGHA, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Manal Alzaid
- Department of Surgery, KAMC, NGHA, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Al Askar
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center/ King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), NGHA, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Boudjelal
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms (MRCFP), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), National Guard Health Affairs (NGHA), P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia. .,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center/ King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), NGHA, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia.
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Erdal E, Demirbilek M, Yeh Y, Akbal Ö, Ruff L, Bozkurt D, Cabuk A, Senel Y, Gumuskaya B, Algın O, Colak S, Esener S, Denkbas EB. A Comparative Study of Receptor-Targeted Magnetosome and HSA-Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as MRI Contrast-Enhancing Agent in Animal Cancer Model. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 185:91-113. [PMID: 29082480 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Magnetosomes are specialized organelles arranged in intracellular chains in magnetotactic bacteria. The superparamagnetic property of these magnetite crystals provides potential applications as contrast-enhancing agents for magnetic resonance imaging. In this study, we compared two different nanoparticles that are bacterial magnetosome and HSA-coated iron oxide nanoparticles for targeting breast cancer. Both magnetosomes and HSA-coated iron oxide nanoparticles were chemically conjugated to fluorescent-labeled anti-EGFR antibodies. Antibody-conjugated nanoparticles were able to bind the MDA-MB-231 cell line, as assessed by flow cytometry. To compare the cytotoxic effect of nanoparticles, MTT assay was used, and according to the results, HSA-coated iron oxide nanoparticles were less cytotoxic to breast cancer cells than magnetosomes. Magnetosomes were bound with higher rate to breast cancer cells than HSA-coated iron oxide nanoparticles. While 250 μg/ml of magnetosomes was bound 92 ± 0.2%, 250 μg/ml of HSA-coated iron oxide nanoparticles was bound with a rate of 65 ± 5%. In vivo efficiencies of these nanoparticles on breast cancer generated in nude mice were assessed by MRI imaging. Anti-EGFR-modified nanoparticles provide higher resolution images than unmodified nanoparticles. Also, magnetosome with anti-EGFR produced darker image of the tumor tissue in T2-weighted MRI than HSA-coated iron oxide nanoparticles with anti-EGFR. In vivo MR imaging in a mouse breast cancer model shows effective intratumoral distribution of both nanoparticles in the tumor tissue. However, magnetosome demonstrated higher distribution than HSA-coated iron oxide nanoparticles according to fluorescence microscopy evaluation. According to the results of in vitro and in vivo study results, magnetosomes are promising for targeting and therapy applications of the breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Erdal
- Department of Biology, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Murat Demirbilek
- Advanced Technologies Application and Research Center, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yasan Yeh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Öznur Akbal
- Department of Biology, Polatlı Art and Science Faculty, Gazi University, Polatlı, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Laura Ruff
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Damla Bozkurt
- Department of Biology, Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Cabuk
- Department of Biology, Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey.,Biotechnology and Biosafety Division Department, Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Yasin Senel
- Veterinary Internal Medicine Division, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Berrak Gumuskaya
- Department of Patology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Oktay Algın
- Department of Radiology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seyda Colak
- Physics Engineering Department, Hacettepe University, 06800, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sadık Esener
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emir B Denkbas
- Chemistry Department, Biochemistry Division, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey.
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40
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Cho SG. APC downregulated 1 inhibits breast cancer cell invasion by inhibiting the canonical WNT signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4845-4852. [PMID: 29085490 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Canonical WNT signaling promotes breast cancer progression. Although APC downregulated 1 (APCDD1) may inhibit canonical WNT signaling, its role in breast cancer remains to be fully understood. The present study demonstrated that APCDD1 suppressed in vitro breast cancer growth and metastasis by inhibiting canonical WNT signaling. The present study demonstrated that APCDD1 expression was negatively associated with breast cancer cell invasion, which was consistent with previous studies that indicated that APCDD1 expression was decreased in invasive ductal carcinoma compared with that in ductal carcinoma in situ. Furthermore, APCDD1 expression was negatively associated with nuclear β-catenin expression and transcription factor/lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 transcriptional activity in the present study. Silencing APCDD1 in non-invasive breast cancer cells using lentiviral APCDD1 short hairpin RNAs enhanced migration and invasion, which may be mediated by canonical WNT signaling, whereas the overexpression of human influenza hemagglutinin-tagged APCDD1 in invasive breast cancer cells repressed these properties. Therefore, the present study suggested that APCDD1 regulated breast cancer progression by targeting canonical WNT signaling and modulating breast cancer cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Gook Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong, Chungbuk 368-701, Republic of Korea
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Zhou R, Yang Y, Park SY, Nguyen TT, Seo YW, Lee KH, Lee JH, Kim KK, Hur JS, Kim H. The lichen secondary metabolite atranorin suppresses lung cancer cell motility and tumorigenesis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8136. [PMID: 28811522 PMCID: PMC5557893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lichens are symbiotic organisms that produce various secondary metabolites. Here, different lichen extracts were examined to identify secondary metabolites with anti-migratory activity against human lung cancer cells. Everniastrum vexans had the most potent inhibitory activity, and atranorin was identified as an active subcomponent of this extract. Atranorin suppressed β-catenin-mediated TOPFLASH activity by inhibiting the nuclear import of β-catenin and downregulating β-catenin/LEF and c-jun/AP-1 downstream target genes such as CD44, cyclin-D1 and c-myc. Atranorin decreased KAI1 C-terminal interacting tetraspanin (KITENIN)-mediated AP-1 activity and the activity of the KITENIN 3′-untranslated region. The nuclear distribution of the AP-1 transcriptional factor, including c-jun and c-fos, was suppressed in atranorin-treated cells, and atranorin inhibited the activity of Rho GTPases including Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA, whereas it had no effect on epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers. STAT-luciferase activity and nuclear STAT levels were decreased, whereas total STAT levels were moderately reduced. The human cell motility and lung cancer RT² Profiler PCR Arrays identified additional atranorin target genes. Atranorin significantly inhibited tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our results indicated that E. vexans and its subcomponent atranorin may inhibit lung cancer cell motility and tumorigenesis by affecting AP-1, Wnt, and STAT signaling and suppressing RhoGTPase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhou
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Republic of Korea.,Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yeon Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Republic of Korea
| | - Thanh Thi Nguyen
- Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Republic of Korea.,Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot, Vietnam
| | - Young-Woo Seo
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju Center, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hwa Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyuk Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Keun Kim
- Medical Research Center for Gene Regulation, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seoun Hur
- Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hangun Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Republic of Korea.
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Rosenberg LH, Cleveland JL, Roush WR, Duckett DR. CK1δ: an exploitable vulnerability in breast cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2017; 4:474. [PMID: 28090530 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2016.12.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - John L Cleveland
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research, Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - William R Roush
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Florida, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Derek R Duckett
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, Scripps Florida, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
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Corda G, Sala G, Lattanzio R, Iezzi M, Sallese M, Fragassi G, Lamolinara A, Mirza H, Barcaroli D, Ermler S, Silva E, Yasaei H, Newbold RF, Vagnarelli P, Mottolese M, Natali PG, Perracchio L, Quist J, Grigoriadis A, Marra P, Tutt AN, Piantelli M, Iacobelli S, De Laurenzi V, Sala A. Functional and prognostic significance of the genomic amplification of frizzled 6 (FZD6) in breast cancer. J Pathol 2016; 241:350-361. [PMID: 27859262 PMCID: PMC5248601 DOI: 10.1002/path.4841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Frizzled receptors mediate Wnt ligand signalling, which is crucially involved in regulating tissue development and differentiation, and is often deregulated in cancer. In this study, we found that the gene encoding the Wnt receptor frizzled 6 (FZD6) is frequently amplified in breast cancer, with an increased incidence in the triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype. Ablation of FZD6 expression in mammary cancer cell lines: (1) inhibited motility and invasion; (2) induced a more symmetrical shape of organoid three‐dimensional cultures; and (3) inhibited bone and liver metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, FZD6 signalling is required for the assembly of the fibronectin matrix, interfering with the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. Ectopic delivery of fibronectin in FZD6‐depleted, triple‐negative MDA‐MB‐231 cells rearranged the actin cytoskeleton and restored epidermal growth factor‐mediated invasion. In patients with localized, lymph node‐negative (early) breast cancer, positivity of tumour cells for FZD6 protein identified patients with reduced distant relapse‐free survival. Multivariate analysis indicated an independent prognostic significance of FZD6 expression in TNBC tumours, predicting distant, but not local, relapse. We conclude that the FZD6–fibronectin actin axis identified in our study could be exploited for drug development in highly metastatic forms of breast cancer, such as TNBC. © 2016 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Corda
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.,Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Gianluca Sala
- MediaPharma srl, Chieti, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Orali e Biotecnologiche, CESI-MeT, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - Rossano Lattanzio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Orali e Biotecnologiche, CESI-MeT, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - Manuela Iezzi
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, CESI-MeT, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - Michele Sallese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Orali e Biotecnologiche, CESI-MeT, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy.,Fondazione Mario Negri Sud, S. Maria Imbaro, Italy
| | - Giorgia Fragassi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Orali e Biotecnologiche, CESI-MeT, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy.,Fondazione Mario Negri Sud, S. Maria Imbaro, Italy
| | - Alessia Lamolinara
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, CESI-MeT, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - Hasan Mirza
- Breast Cancer Now Unit, Research Oncology, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Daniela Barcaroli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Psicologiche, della Salute e del Territorio, CESI-MeT, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sibylle Ermler
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.,Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Elisabete Silva
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.,Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Hemad Yasaei
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Robert F Newbold
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.,Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Paola Vagnarelli
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.,Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - Jelmar Quist
- Breast Cancer Now Unit, Research Oncology, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anita Grigoriadis
- Breast Cancer Now Unit, Research Oncology, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Pierfrancesco Marra
- Breast Cancer Now Unit, Research Oncology, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew N Tutt
- Breast Cancer Now Unit, Research Oncology, King's Health Partners AHSC, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.,Breast Cancer Now, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Mauro Piantelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Orali e Biotecnologiche, CESI-MeT, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefano Iacobelli
- MediaPharma srl, Chieti, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Orali e Biotecnologiche, CESI-MeT, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Laurenzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Orali e Biotecnologiche, CESI-MeT, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - Arturo Sala
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.,Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.,Dipartimento di Scienze Psicologiche, della Salute e del Territorio, CESI-MeT, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
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44
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McCubrey JA, Rakus D, Gizak A, Steelman LS, Abrams SL, Lertpiriyapong K, Fitzgerald TL, Yang LV, Montalto G, Cervello M, Libra M, Nicoletti F, Scalisi A, Torino F, Fenga C, Neri LM, Marmiroli S, Cocco L, Martelli AM. Effects of mutations in Wnt/β-catenin, hedgehog, Notch and PI3K pathways on GSK-3 activity-Diverse effects on cell growth, metabolism and cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:2942-2976. [PMID: 27612668 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a serine/threonine kinase that participates in an array of critical cellular processes. GSK-3 was first characterized as an enzyme that phosphorylated and inactivated glycogen synthase. However, subsequent studies have revealed that this moon-lighting protein is involved in numerous signaling pathways that regulate not only metabolism but also have roles in: apoptosis, cell cycle progression, cell renewal, differentiation, embryogenesis, migration, regulation of gene transcription, stem cell biology and survival. In this review, we will discuss the roles that GSK-3 plays in various diseases as well as how this pivotal kinase interacts with multiple signaling pathways such as: PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR, Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, Wnt/beta-catenin, hedgehog, Notch and TP53. Mutations that occur in these and other pathways can alter the effects that natural GSK-3 activity has on regulating these signaling circuits that can lead to cancer as well as other diseases. The novel roles that microRNAs play in regulation of the effects of GSK-3 will also be evaluated. Targeting GSK-3 and these other pathways may improve therapy and overcome therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
| | - Dariusz Rakus
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gizak
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Linda S Steelman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Steve L Abrams
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Kvin Lertpiriyapong
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, USA
| | - Timothy L Fitzgerald
- Department of Surgery, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, USA
| | - Li V Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Section, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, USA
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italy
| | - Melchiorre Cervello
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare "Alberto Monroy", Palermo, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Bio-medical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Aurora Scalisi
- Unit of Oncologic Diseases, ASP-Catania, Catania 95100, Italy
| | - Francesco Torino
- Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Medical Oncology, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Department of Biomedical, Odontoiatric, Morphological and Functional Images, Occupational Medicine Section - Policlinico "G. Martino" - University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
| | - Luca M Neri
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sandra Marmiroli
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto M Martelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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45
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Yi H, Wang Z, Li X, Yin M, Wang L, Aldalbahi A, El-Sayed NN, Wang H, Chen N, Fan C, Song H. Silica Nanoparticles Target a Wnt Signal Transducer for Degradation and Impair Embryonic Development in Zebrafish. Theranostics 2016; 6:1810-20. [PMID: 27570552 PMCID: PMC4997238 DOI: 10.7150/thno.16127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Many types of biocompatible nanomaterials have proven of low cytotoxicity and hold great promise for various applications in nanomedicine. Whereas they generally do not cause apparent organ toxicity or tissue damage in adult animals, it is yet to determine their biological consequences in more general contexts. In this study, we investigate how silica nanoparticles (NPs) affect cellular activities and functions under several physiological or pathological conditions. Although silica NPs are generally regarded as "inert" nanocarriers and widely employed in biomedical studies, we find that they actively affect Wnt signaling in various types of cell lines, diminishing its anti-adipogenic effect in preadipocytes and pro-invasive effect in breast cancer cells, and more significantly, impair Wnt-regulated embryonic development in Zebrafish. We further demonstrate that intracellular silica NPs block Wnt signal transduction in a way resembling signaling molecules. Specifically, silica NPs target the Dvl protein, a key component of Wnt signaling cascade, for lysosomal degradation. As Wnt signaling play significant roles in embryonic development and adipogenesis, the observed physiological effects beyond toxicity imply potential risk of obesity, or developmental defects in somitogenesis and osteogenesis upon exposure to silica NPs. In addition, given the clinical implications of Wnt signaling in tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis, our work also establishes for the first time a molecular link between nanomaterials and the Wnt signaling pathway, which opens new door for novel applications of unmodified silica NPs in targeted therapy for cancers and other critical illness.
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46
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Zhou D, Tang W, Wang W, Pan X, An HX, Zhang Y. Association between aberrant APC promoter methylation and breast cancer pathogenesis: a meta-analysis of 35 observational studies. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2203. [PMID: 27478702 PMCID: PMC4950556 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is widely known as an antagonist of the Wnt signaling pathway via the inactivation of β-catenin. An increasing number of studies have reported that APC methylation contributes to the predisposition to breast cancer (BC). However, recent studies have yielded conflicting results. Methods. Herein, we systematically carried out a meta-analysis to assess the correlation between APC methylation and BC risk. Based on searches of the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science and Embase databases, the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) values were pooled and summarized. Results. A total of 31 articles involving 35 observational studies with 2,483 cases and 1,218 controls met the inclusion criteria. The results demonstrated that the frequency of APC methylation was significantly higher in BC cases than controls under a random effect model (OR = 8.92, 95% CI [5.12–15.52]). Subgroup analysis further confirmed the reliable results, regardless of the sample types detected, methylation detection methods applied and different regions included. Interestingly, our results also showed that the frequency of APC methylation was significantly lower in early-stage BC patients than late-stage ones (OR = 0.62, 95% CI [0.42–0.93]). Conclusion. APC methylation might play an indispensable role in the pathogenesis of BC and could be regarded as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhou
- Department of Translational Medicine, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Xiamen, China; Department of Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University , Xiamen , China
| | - Wenyi Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University , Xiamen , China
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University , Xiamen , China
| | - Han-Xiang An
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University , Xiamen , China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Translational Medicine, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Xiamen, China; Department of Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Fuzhou, China
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47
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Mammary Development and Breast Cancer: A Wnt Perspective. Cancers (Basel) 2016; 8:cancers8070065. [PMID: 27420097 PMCID: PMC4963807 DOI: 10.3390/cancers8070065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt pathway has emerged as a key signaling cascade participating in mammary organogenesis and breast oncogenesis. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge of how the pathway regulates stem cells and normal development of the mammary gland, and discuss how its various components contribute to breast carcinoma pathology.
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48
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Majumder M, Xin X, Liu L, Tutunea-Fatan E, Rodriguez-Torres M, Vincent K, Postovit LM, Hess D, Lala PK. COX-2 Induces Breast Cancer Stem Cells via EP4/PI3K/AKT/NOTCH/WNT Axis. Stem Cells 2016; 34:2290-305. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ling Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology
| | | | | | - Krista Vincent
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology
- Department of Oncology; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Lynne-Marie Postovit
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology
- Department of Oncology; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - David Hess
- Physiology and Pharmacology
- Krembil Centre for Stem Cell Biology, Robarts Research Institute; London Ontario Canada
| | - Peeyush K. Lala
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology
- Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario; London Ontario Canada
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49
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Gene Expression Profiling of Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28623. [PMID: 27340107 PMCID: PMC4919653 DOI: 10.1038/srep28623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The biology of breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) is poorly understood. We aimed to explore genes that are implicated in the process of brain metastasis of primary breast cancer (BC). NanoString nCounter Analysis covering 252 target genes was used for comparison of gene expression levels between 20 primary BCs that relapsed to brain and 41 BCBM samples. PAM50-based intrinsic subtypes such as HER2-enriched and basal-like were clearly over-represented in BCBM. A panel of 22 genes was found to be significantly differentially expressed between primary BC and BCBM. Five of these genes, CXCL12, MMP2, MMP11, VCAM1, and MME, which have previously been associated with tumor progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis, clearly discriminated between primary BC and BCBM. Notably, the five genes were significantly upregulated in primary BC compared to BCBM. Conversely, SOX2 and OLIG2 genes were upregulated in BCBM. These genes may participate in metastatic colonization but not in primary tumor development. Among patient-matched paired samples (n = 17), a PAM50 molecular subtype conversion was observed in eight cases (47.1%), with a trend toward unfavorable subtypes in patients with the distinct gene expression. Our findings, although not conclusive, reveal differentially expressed genes that might mediate the brain metastasis process.
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50
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Ahmed RA, Alawin OA, Sylvester PW. γ-Tocotrienol reversal of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in human breast cancer cells is associated with inhibition of canonical Wnt signalling. Cell Prolif 2016; 49:460-70. [PMID: 27323693 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Frizzled-7 (FZD7) receptor-dependent activation of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays a crucial role in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and breast cancer metastasis. FZD7 and its co-receptor, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6), are highly expressed in MDA-MB-231 and T-47D breast cancer cells, and endogenous ligands for FZD7 include Wnt3a and Wnt5a/b. γ-Tocotrienol, a natural isoform of vitamin E, inhibits human breast cancer cell proliferation and EMT. Here, studies have been conducted to investigate the role of the canonical Wnt pathway in mediating inhibitory effects of γ-tocotrienol on EMT in human breast cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS MDA-MB-231, T-47D and MCF-10A cells were maintained in serum-free defined media containing selected doses of γ-tocotrienol. Cell viability was determined using the MTT colorimetric assay, Western blot analysis was used to measure protein expression and the wound-healing assay was employed to study cell mobility and migration. Immunohistochemical fluorescence staining visualized expression and localization of EMT cell markers. RESULTS γ-Tocotrienol was found to induce dose-responsive inhibition of MDA-MB-231 and T-47D cell growth at doses that had no effect on immortalized normal MCF-10A mammary epithelial cells. These growth inhibitory effects were associated with suppression in canonical Wnt signalling, reversal of EMT and significant reduction in breast cancer cell motility. CONCLUSIONS γ-Tocotrienol suppression of metastatic breast cancer cell proliferation and EMT was associated with suppression of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Ahmed
- School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - O A Alawin
- School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - P W Sylvester
- School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
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