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Aksu U, Ince C, Baasner S, Hermle J, Lupp C, Heckmann D, Nocken F, Westphal M. Manipulation of Nitric Oxide Levels via a Modified Hydroxyethyl Starch Molecule. J Surg Res 2023; 281:1-12. [PMID: 36095893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although the improving effect of nitric oxide (NO) donors has experimentally been demonstrated in shock, there are still no NO donor medications clinically available. Thiol-nitrosothiol-hydroxyethyl starch (S-NO-HES) is a novel molecule consisting of NO coupled to a thiolated derivative of hydroxyethyl starch (HES). It was aimed to assess the ability of S-NO-HES to serve as an NO donor under a variety of in vitro simulated physiologic conditions, which might be the first step to qualify this molecule as a novel type of NO donor-fluid. METHODS We studied the effect of temperature on NO-releasing properties of S-NO-HES in blood, at 34°C, 37°C, and 41°C. Ascorbic acid (Asc) and amylase were also tested in a medium environment. In addition, we evaluated the activity of S-NO-HES in the isolated aortic ring and Langendorff-perfused heart setup. RESULTS The NO release property of S-NO-HES was found at any temperature. Asc led to a significant increase in the production of NO compared to S-NO-HES incubation (P < 0.05). The addition of amylase together with Asc to the medium further increased the release of NO (P < 0.05). S-NO-HES exerted significant vasodilatory effects on phenylephrine precontracted aortic rings that were dose-dependent (P < 0.01). Furthermore, S-NO-HES significantly increased the heart rate and additionally reduced the duration of the cardiac action potential, as indicated by a reduction of QTc-B values (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated for the first time that the S-NO-HES molecule exhibited its NO-releasing effects. The effectiveness of this new NO donor to substitute NO deficiency under septic conditions or in other indications needs to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugur Aksu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Can Ince
- Department of Translational Physiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Silke Baasner
- Fresenius Kabi Deutschland GmbH, Bad Homburg, Germany
| | | | - Corinna Lupp
- Fresenius Kabi Deutschland GmbH, Bad Homburg, Germany
| | | | - Frank Nocken
- Fresenius Kabi Deutschland GmbH, Bad Homburg, Germany
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Helan M, Malaska J, Tomandl J, Jarkovsky J, Helanova K, Benesova K, Sitina M, Dastych M, Ondrus T, Pavkova Goldbergova M, Gal R, Lokaj P, Tomandlova M, Parenica J. Kinetics of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Septic Shock: A Pilot Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040640. [PMID: 35453325 PMCID: PMC9031382 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Septic shock is a major cause of mortality in ICU patients, its pathophysiology is complex and not properly understood. Oxidative stress seems to be one of the most important mechanisms of shock progression to multiple organ failure. In the present pilot study, we have analysed eight oxidative-stress-related biomarkers in seven consecutive time points (i.e., the first seven days) in 21 septic shock patients admitted to the ICU. Our objective was to describe the kinetics of four biomarkers related to pro-oxidative processes (nitrite/nitrate, malondialdehyde, 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine, soluble endoglin) compared to four biomarkers of antioxidant processes (the ferric reducing ability of plasma, superoxide dismutase, asymmetric dimethylarginine, mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin) and four inflammatory biomarkers (CRP, IL-6, IL-10 and neopterin). Furthermore, we analysed each biomarker’s ability to predict mortality at the time of admission and 12 h after admission. Although a small number of study subjects were recruited, we have identified four promising molecules for further investigation: soluble endoglin, superoxide dismutase, asymmetric dimethylarginine and neopterin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Helan
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, St. Anne’s University Hospital Brno, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (M.S.)
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital Brno, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.M.); (K.H.); (T.O.); (R.G.); (P.L.); (J.P.)
| | - Jan Malaska
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.M.); (K.H.); (T.O.); (R.G.); (P.L.); (J.P.)
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Tomandl
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Jiri Jarkovsky
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.J.); (K.B.)
| | - Katerina Helanova
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.M.); (K.H.); (T.O.); (R.G.); (P.L.); (J.P.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klara Benesova
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.J.); (K.B.)
| | - Michal Sitina
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, St. Anne’s University Hospital Brno, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (M.S.)
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital Brno, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.M.); (K.H.); (T.O.); (R.G.); (P.L.); (J.P.)
| | - Milan Dastych
- Department of Laboratory Methods, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Tomas Ondrus
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.M.); (K.H.); (T.O.); (R.G.); (P.L.); (J.P.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Pavkova Goldbergova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Roman Gal
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.M.); (K.H.); (T.O.); (R.G.); (P.L.); (J.P.)
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Lokaj
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.M.); (K.H.); (T.O.); (R.G.); (P.L.); (J.P.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Tomandlova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jiri Parenica
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.M.); (K.H.); (T.O.); (R.G.); (P.L.); (J.P.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Lin CY, Kao SH, Hung LC, Chien HJ, Wang WH, Chang YW, Chen YH. Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Nitric Oxide and Prostaglandin E2 Production Is Inhibited by Tellimagrandin II in Mouse and Human Macrophages. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11050411. [PMID: 33946374 PMCID: PMC8146495 DOI: 10.3390/life11050411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis develops from a serious microbial infection that causes the immune system to go into overdrive. The major microorganisms that induce sepsis are Gram-negative bacteria with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in their cell walls. Nitric oxide (NO) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) are the key factors involved in the LPS-induced pro-inflammatory process. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of polyphenol Tellimagrandin II (TGII) on anti-inflammatory activity and its underlying basic mechanism in murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 and human monocyte-derived macrophages. Macrophages with more than 90% cell viability were found in the cytotoxicity assay under 50 μM TGII. Pre- or post-treatment with TGII significantly reduced LPS-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) protein and mRNA expression, reducing LPS-induced COX-2 protein. Downstream of NOS2 and COX-2, NO and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were significantly inhibited by TGII. Upstream of NOS2 and COX-2, phospho-p65, c-fos and phospho-c-jun were also reduced after pre-treatment with TGII. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are also critical to nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) stimulation, and phospho-p38 expression was found to have been blocked by TGII. TGII efficiently reduces LPS-induced NO production and its upstream regulatory factors, suggesting that TGII may be a potential therapeutic agent for sepsis and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yu Lin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (H.-J.C.); (W.-H.W.)
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (S.-H.K.); (L.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.)
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shih-Han Kao
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (S.-H.K.); (L.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.)
| | - Ling-Chien Hung
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (S.-H.K.); (L.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.)
| | - Hsin-Ju Chien
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (H.-J.C.); (W.-H.W.)
| | - Wen-Hung Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (H.-J.C.); (W.-H.W.)
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (S.-H.K.); (L.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.)
| | - Yu-Wei Chang
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (S.-H.K.); (L.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.)
| | - Yen-Hsu Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (H.-J.C.); (W.-H.W.)
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (S.-H.K.); (L.-C.H.); (Y.-W.C.)
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 5677); Fax: +886-7-322-8547
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Molecular mechanisms by which iNOS uncoupling can induce cardiovascular dysfunction during sepsis: Role of posttranslational modifications (PTMs). Life Sci 2020; 255:117821. [PMID: 32445759 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Human sepsis is the result of a multifaceted pathological process causing marked dysregulation of cardiovascular responses. A more sophisticated understanding of the pathogenesis of sepsis is certainly prerequisite. Evidence from studies provide further insight into the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) isoform. Results on inhibition of iNOS in sepsis models remain inconclusive. Concern has been devoted to improving our knowledge and understanding of the role of iNOS. The aim of this review is to define the role of iNOS in redox homeostasis disturbance, the detailed mechanisms linking iNOS and posttranslational modifications (PTMs) to cardiovascular dysfunctions, and their future implications in sepsis settings. Many questions related to the iNOS and PTMs still remain open, and much more work is needed on this.
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Ni J, Zhao Y, Su J, Liu Z, Fang S, Li L, Deng J, Fan G. Toddalolactone Protects Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Sepsis and Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response by Modulating HMGB1-NF-κB Translocation. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:109. [PMID: 32153412 PMCID: PMC7047824 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Toddalolactone (TA-8) is a main compound isolated from Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam., and its anti-inflammatory activity and anti-inflammatory mechanism are less studied. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of TA-8. Our experimental results showed that TA-8 inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by both lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 cells and septic mice. Moreover, TA-8 suppressed the NF-κB transcriptional activity, reduced the nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of NF-κB, blocked the translocation of HMGB1 from the nucleus to cytosol, and decreased LPS-induced up-regulation of TLR4 and IKBKB expression, and decreased IκBα phosphorylation. In addition, the administration of TA-8 decreased LPS-induced liver damage markers (AST and ALT), attenuated infiltration of inflammatory cells and tissue damage of lung, liver, and kidney, and improved survival in septic mice. Taken together, these results suggested that toddalolactone protects LPS-induced sepsis and attenuates LPS-induced inflammatory response by modulating HMGB1-NF-κB translocation. TA-8 could potentially be a novel anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drug candidate in the treatment of sepsis and septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Ni
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Su
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiming Fang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Deng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guanwei Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Pascual-Ramirez J, Koutrouvelis A. The nitric oxide pathway antagonists in septic shock: Meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. J Crit Care 2019; 51:34-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Orbegozo D, Mongkolpun W, Stringari G, Markou N, Creteur J, Vincent JL, De Backer D. Skin microcirculatory reactivity assessed using a thermal challenge is decreased in patients with circulatory shock and associated with outcome. Ann Intensive Care 2018; 8:60. [PMID: 29725778 PMCID: PMC5934288 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-018-0393-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Shock states are characterized by impaired tissue perfusion and microcirculatory alterations, which are directly related to outcome. Skin perfusion can be noninvasively evaluated using skin laser Doppler (SLD), which, when coupled with a local thermal challenge, may provide a measure of microcirculatory reactivity. We hypothesized that this microvascular reactivity would be impaired in patients with circulatory shock and would be a marker of severity. Methods We first evaluated skin blood flow (SBF) using SLD on the forearm and on the palm in 18 healthy volunteers to select the site with maximal response. Measurements were taken at 37 °C (baseline) and repeated at 43 °C. The 43 °C/37 °C SBF ratio was calculated as a measure of microvascular reactivity. We then evaluated the SBF in 29 patients with circulatory shock admitted to a 35-bed department of intensive care and in a confirmatory cohort of 35 patients with circulatory shock. Results In the volunteers, baseline SBF was higher in the hand than in the forearm, but the SBF ratio was lower (11.2 [9.4–13.4] vs. 2.0 [1.7–2.6], p < 0.01) so we used the forearm for our patients. Baseline forearm SBF was similar in patients with shock and healthy volunteers, but the SBF ratio was markedly lower in the patients (2.6 [2.0–3.6] vs. 11.2 [9.4–13.4], p < 0.01). Shock survivors had a higher SBF ratio than non-survivors (3.2 [2.2–6.2] vs. 2.3 [1.7–2.8], p < 0.01). These results were confirmed in the second cohort of 35 patients. In multivariable analysis, the APACHE II score and the SBF ratio were independently associated with mortality. Conclusions Microcirculatory reactivity is decreased in patients with circulatory shock and has prognostic value. This simple, noninvasive test could help in monitoring the peripheral microcirculation in acutely ill patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13613-018-0393-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Orbegozo
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wasineenart Mongkolpun
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gianni Stringari
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nikolaos Markou
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jacques Creteur
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Louis Vincent
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Daniel De Backer
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium.
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Gamal M, Moawad J, Rashed L, Morcos MA, Sharawy N. Possible involvement of tetrahydrobiopterin in the disturbance of redox homeostasis in sepsis - Induced brain dysfunction. Brain Res 2018; 1685:19-28. [PMID: 29428597 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is an essential co-factor that regulates nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by nitric oxide synthases (NOS). In this study, we evaluated the effects of sepsis on BH4 level and redox status in the brain by using the rat model of sepsis-induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and examined whether BH4 and/or acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) could prevent the neuronal apoptosis and neurological changes induced by sepsis. MATERIAL AND METHOD Male albino rats were randomly and blindly divided into 8 groups: sham, sham + BH4, sham + ALC, sham +BH4+ ALC, CLP, CLP + BH4, CLP + ALC, and CLP+BH4+ ALC. We measured neurological indicators, brain levels of BH4, guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase (GTPCH), sepiapterin reductase (SR) and dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR) genes expression (Essential enzymes in BH4 biosynthesis and recycling pathways). We investigated also brain redox status and both endothelial and inducible NOS expressions. RESULTS Brain of septic rats demonstrated a reduced BH4 bioavailability, downregulation of BH4 synthetic enzymes, increased production of hydrogen peroxide and impaired antioxidant enzymes activities. Treatments with BH4 and/or ALC increased BH4 level, upregulated BH4 synthetic enzymes expressions, and attenuated oxidative-induced neuronal apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that BH4 and/or ALC might protect the brain against oxidative stress induced neuronal apoptosis by restoring bioavailability of BH4 and upregulating of BH4 synthetic enzymes in the brain during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Gamal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Jackline Moawad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Laila Rashed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mary Attia Morcos
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nivin Sharawy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Cairo University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt.
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Yadav S, Pathak S, Sarikhani M, Majumdar S, Ray S, Chandrasekar BS, Adiga V, Sundaresan NR, Nandi D. Nitric oxide synthase 2 enhances the survival of mice during Salmonella Typhimurium infection-induced sepsis by increasing reactive oxygen species, inflammatory cytokines and recruitment of neutrophils to the peritoneal cavity. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 116:73-87. [PMID: 29309892 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis, a leading cause of death in intensive care units, is primarily caused due to an exaggerated immune response. The hyperactive inflammatory response mediated by immune cells against infectious organisms and their toxins results in host cell death and tissue damage, the hallmarks of septic shock. Therefore, molecules that modulate inflammatory responses are attractive therapeutic targets for sepsis. Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule, which is implicated in regulating diverse immune functions. Although, the protective roles of NO in infectious diseases are well documented, its importance in sepsis is controversial. In the present study, the effects of intra-peritoneal injection of mice with Salmonella Typhimurium, a Gram-negative intracellular pathogen, were studied which leads to a rapid upregulation of serum cytokines and infiltration of neutrophils to the peritoneal cavity. Surprisingly, the induction of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, e.g. IL6 and CCL2, and the infiltration of neutrophils into the peritoneal cavity are mitigated in mice lacking Nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2). The reduced inflammatory response in Nos2-/- mice is accompanied by greater bacterial burden in the peritoneal cavity, lower thymic atrophy, higher liver damage and cardiovascular dysfunction followed by decreased survival. However, no significant differences are observed in other responses between C57BL/6 wild type (WT) and Nos2-/- mice: induction of glucocorticoids, phagocytic ability and apoptosis of peritoneal cells. This study clearly highlights the NOS2-dependent and -independent responses in this mouse model of peritonitis induced sepsis. Importantly, pre-treatment of Nos2-/- mice with DETA-NO, a NO donor, upon infection, restores neutrophil recruitment, reduces bacterial numbers in the peritoneal cavity, improves liver and cardio-vascular function and enhances survival. Interestingly, DETA-NO treatment does not significantly increase the survival of infected WT mice. The implications of these results and the complex roles of NO as a target molecule during sepsis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Sanmoy Pathak
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Mohsen Sarikhani
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Shamik Majumdar
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Semanti Ray
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | | | - Vasista Adiga
- Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Nagalingam R Sundaresan
- Department of Microbiology & Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Dipankar Nandi
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
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The novel organic mononitrate NDHP attenuates hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in hypertensive rats. Redox Biol 2017; 15:182-191. [PMID: 29268201 PMCID: PMC5735329 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale Development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, are often associated with impaired nitric oxide synthase (NOS) function and nitric oxide (NO) deficiency. Current treatment strategies to restore NO bioavailability with organic nitrates are hampered by undesirable side effects and development of tolerance. In this study, we evaluated NO release capability and cardiovascular effects of the newly synthesized organic nitrate 1, 3-bis (hexyloxy) propan-2-yl nitrate (NDHP). Methods A combination of in vitro and in vivo approaches was utilized to assess acute effects of NDHP on NO release, vascular reactivity and blood pressure. The therapeutic value of chronic NDHP treatment was assessed in an experimental model of angiotensin II-induced hypertension in combination with NOS inhibition. Results NDHP mediates NO formation in both cell-free system and small resistance arteries, a process which is catalyzed by xanthine oxidoreductase. NDHP-induced vasorelaxation is endothelium independent and mediated by NO release and modulation of potassium channels. Reduction of blood pressure following acute intravenous infusion of NDHP was more pronounced in hypertensive rats (two-kidney-one-clip model) than in normotensive sham-operated rats. Toxicological tests did not reveal any harmful effects following treatment with high doses of NDHP. Finally, chronic treatment with NDHP significantly attenuated the development of hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in rats with chronic NOS inhibition and angiotensin II infusion. Conclusion Acute treatment with the novel organic nitrate NDHP increases NO formation, which is associated with vasorelaxation and a significant reduction of blood pressure in hypertensive animals. Chronic NDHP treatment attenuates the progression of hypertension and endothelial dysfunction, suggesting a potential for therapeutic applications in cardiovascular disease. The organic nitrate NDHP mediates NO formation in cell-free system and blood vessels. NDHP-mediated NO release is dependent on functional XOR. NDHP induces endothelium-independent vasorelaxation and significant reduction of blood pressure. NDHP-mediated vasorelaxation involves activation of NO/cGMP/PKG pathway and K+ channels (Kv and BKCa). Chronic treatment with NDHP attenuates the development of hypertension and endothelial dysfunction.
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11
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Lin CY, Wang WH, Chen SH, Chang YW, Hung LC, Chen CY, Chen YH. Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Nitric Oxide, Prostaglandin E2, and Cytokine Production of Mouse and Human Macrophages Are Suppressed by Pheophytin-b. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122637. [PMID: 29211014 PMCID: PMC5751240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is an overwhelming systemic response to infection that frequently results in tissue damage, organ failure, and even death. Nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and cytokine overproduction are thought to be associated with the immunostimulatory cascade in sepsis. In the present study, we analyzed the anti-inflammatory efficacy of the pheophytin-b on both RAW 264.7 murine macrophage and purified human CD14+ monocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and elucidated the mechanisms by analyzing the cell signaling pathways known to be activated in sepsis. Pheophytin-b suppressed the overexpression of NO, PGE2, and cytokines in LPS-stimulated macrophages without inducing cytotoxicity. It also reduced NOS2 and COX-2 mRNA and protein levels. The inhibitory effects on NO, PGE2, and cytokine overproduction arose from the suppression of STAT-1 and PI3K/Akt pathways; no changes in NF-κB, MAPK, and AP-1 signaling were detected. Thus, pheophytin-b may represent a potential candidate to beneficially modulate the inflammatory response in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yu Lin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Sepsis Research Center, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Hung Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Shin-Huei Chen
- Sepsis Research Center, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Wei Chang
- Sepsis Research Center, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Ling-Chien Hung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Yi Chen
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 831, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Hsu Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Sepsis Research Center, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
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Kolb L, Orbegozo D, Creteur J, Preiser JC, Vincent JL, De Backer D. Oral Nitrate Increases Microvascular Reactivity and the Number of Visible Perfused Microvessels in Healthy Volunteers. J Vasc Res 2017; 54:209-216. [DOI: 10.1159/000468541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Constantino L, Galant LS, Vuolo F, Guarido KL, Kist LW, de Oliveira GMT, Pasquali MADB, de Souza CT, da Silva-Santos JE, Bogo MR, Moreira JCF, Ritter C, Dal-Pizzol F. Extracellular superoxide dismutase is necessary to maintain renal blood flow during sepsis development. Intensive Care Med Exp 2017; 5:15. [PMID: 28303482 PMCID: PMC5355399 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-017-0130-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ECSOD) protects nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability by decreasing superoxide levels and preventing peroxynitrite generation, which is important in maintaining renal blood flow and in preventing acute kidney injury. However, the profile of ECSOD expression after sepsis is not fully understood. Therefore, we intended to evaluate the content and gene expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoforms in the renal artery and their relation to renal blood flow. Methods Sepsis was induced in Wistar rats by caecal ligation and perforation. Several times after sepsis induction, renal blood flow (12, 24 and 48 h); the renal arterial content of SOD isoforms, nitrotyrosine, endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthase (e-NOS and i-NOS), and phosphorylated vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (pVASP); and SOD activity (3, 6 and 12 h) were measured. The influence of a SOD inhibitor was also evaluated. Results An increase in ECSOD content was associated with decreased 3-nitrotyrosine levels. These events were associated with an increase in pVASP content and maintenance of renal blood flow. Moreover, previous treatment with a SOD inhibitor increased nitrotyrosine content and reduced renal blood flow. Conclusions ECSOD appears to have a major role in decreasing peroxynitrite formation in the renal artery during the early stages of sepsis development, and its application can be important in renal blood flow control and maintenance during septic insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Constantino
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, 1105, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Letícia Selinger Galant
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, 1105, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Francieli Vuolo
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, 1105, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Karla Lorena Guarido
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Laboratório de Biologia Cardiovascular, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Luiza Wilges Kist
- Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Medeiros Tavares de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus Augusto de Bittencourt Pasquali
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo (Lab. 32), ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Teodoro de Souza
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica do Exercício, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, 1105, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo da Silva-Santos
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Laboratório de Biologia Cardiovascular, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Maurício Reis Bogo
- Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - José Cláudio Fonseca Moreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo (Lab. 32), ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Ritter
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, 1105, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, 1105, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
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Nelson AD, Rossman MJ, Witman MA, Barrett-O'Keefe Z, Groot HJ, Garten RS, Richardson RS. Nitric oxide-mediated vascular function in sepsis using passive leg movement as a novel assessment: a cross-sectional study. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016; 120:991-9. [PMID: 26869709 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00961.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-cuff occlusion flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is a proposed indicator of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and vascular function. FMD is reduced in patients with sepsis and may be a marker of end organ damage and mortality. However, FMD likely does not solely reflect NO-mediated vasodilation, is technically challenging, and often demonstrates poor reproducibility. In contrast, passive leg movement (PLM), a novel methodology to assess vascular function, yields a hyperemic response that is predominately NO-dependent, reproducible, and easily measured. This study evaluated PLM as an approach to assess NO-mediated vascular function in patients with sepsis. We hypothesized that PLM-induced hyperemia, quantified by the increase in leg blood flow (LBF), would be attenuated in sepsis. In a cross-sectional study, 17 subjects in severe sepsis or septic shock were compared with 16 matched healthy controls. Doppler ultrasound was used to assess brachial artery FMD and the hyperemic response to PLM in the femoral artery. FMD was attenuated in septic compared with control subjects (1.1 ± 1.7% vs. 6.8 ± 1.3%; values are means ± SD). In terms of PLM, baseline LBF (196 ± 33 ml/min vs. 328 ± 20 ml/min), peak change in LBF from baseline (133 ± 28 ml/min vs. 483 ± 86 ml/min), and the LBF area under the curve (16 ± 8.3 vs. 143 ± 33) were all significantly attenuated in septic subjects. Vascular function, as assessed by both FMD and PLM, is attenuated in septic subjects compared with controls. These data support the concept that NO bioavailability is attenuated in septic subjects, and PLM appears to be a novel and feasible approach to assess NO-mediated vascular function in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley D Nelson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah;
| | - Matthew J Rossman
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Exercise & Sport Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
| | - Melissa A Witman
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
| | - Zachary Barrett-O'Keefe
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Exercise & Sport Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
| | - H Jonathan Groot
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Exercise & Sport Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
| | - Ryan S Garten
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Russell S Richardson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Exercise & Sport Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
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15
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Fletcher AL, Elman JS, Astarita J, Murray R, Saeidi N, D'Rozario J, Knoblich K, Brown FD, Schildberg FA, Nieves JM, Heng TSP, Boyd RL, Turley SJ, Parekkadan B. Lymph node fibroblastic reticular cell transplants show robust therapeutic efficacy in high-mortality murine sepsis. Sci Transl Med 2015; 6:249ra109. [PMID: 25122637 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3009377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is an aggressive inflammatory syndrome and a global health burden estimated to kill 7.3 million people annually. Single-target molecular therapies have not addressed the multiple disease pathways triggered by septic injury. Cell therapies might offer a broader set of mechanisms of action that benefit complex, multifocal disease processes. We describe a population of immune-specialized myofibroblasts derived from lymph node tissue, termed fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs). Because FRCs have an immunoregulatory function in lymph nodes, we hypothesized that ex vivo-expanded FRCs would control inflammation when administered therapeutically. Indeed, a single injection of ex vivo-expanded allogeneic FRCs reduced mortality in mouse models of sepsis when administered at early or late time points after septic onset. Mice treated with FRCs exhibited lower local and systemic concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and reduced bacteremia. When administered 4 hours after induction of lipopolysaccharide endotoxemia, or cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) sepsis in mice, FRCs reduced deaths by at least 70%. When administered late in disease (16 hours after CLP), FRCs still conveyed a robust survival advantage (44% survival compared to 0% for controls). FRC therapy was dependent on the metabolic activity of nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) as the primary molecular mechanism of drug action in the mice. Together, these data describe a new anti-inflammatory cell type and provide preclinical evidence for therapeutic efficacy in severe sepsis that warrants further translational study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne L Fletcher
- Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia. School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Jessica S Elman
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jillian Astarita
- Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ryan Murray
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Nima Saeidi
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Joshua D'Rozario
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Konstantin Knoblich
- Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Flavian D Brown
- Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Frank A Schildberg
- Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Janice M Nieves
- Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tracy S P Heng
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Richard L Boyd
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Shannon J Turley
- Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Biju Parekkadan
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgical Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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16
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Lin CY, Lee CH, Chang YW, Wang HM, Chen CY, Chen YH. Pheophytin a inhibits inflammation via suppression of LPS-induced nitric oxide synthase-2, prostaglandin E2, and interleukin-1β of macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:22819-34. [PMID: 25501336 PMCID: PMC4284740 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151222819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a serious health issue worldwide that induces many diseases such as sepsis. There has been a vast search for potentially effective drugs to decrease mortality from sepsis. Pheophytin a is a chlorophyll-related compound derived from green tea. We found that pre-treatment with pheophytin a suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and interleukin-1β in RAW 264.7 macrophages. NO synthase-2 (NOS2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression levels were repressed by pre-treatment with pheophytin a at both the transcriptional and translational levels. Pheophytin a inhibited NOS2 promoter activity, but not its mRNA stability, through extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2). This suppression was reversed by ERK1/2 inhibitor (U0126). Pheophytin a reduced signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT-1) activation, without an obvious influence on activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). These results suggest that pheophytin a functions by down-regulating the transcriptional levels of inflammatory mediators and blocking the ERK and STAT-1 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yu Lin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Hsing Lee
- Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei Junior College of Health Care Management, Tainan 736, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Wei Chang
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Min Wang
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Yi Chen
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 831, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Hsu Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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