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Acosta-Baena N, Tejada-Moreno JA, Arcos-Burgos M, Villegas-Lanau CA. CTBP1 and CTBP2 mutations underpinning neurological disorders: a systematic review. Neurogenetics 2022; 23:231-240. [PMID: 36331689 PMCID: PMC9663338 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-022-00700-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
C-terminal binding proteins (CtBP1/2) are transcriptional coregulators that play a significant role during vertebrate neurodevelopment. This systematic review aims to identify case reports with genetic variants in CTBP1 and CTBP2 associated with brain development syndromes. We screened different databases (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, LILACS) by systematically searching journals and checking reference lists and citations of background papers. We found fourteen cases (10 males) from five papers carrying two pathogenic, heterozygous variants in the CTBP1 gene (13 individuals carried the missense mutation c.991C T, p.Arg342Trp, and one subject carrying the 2-base pair deletion c.1315_1316delCA, p.Gln439ValfsTer84). These mutations were de novo in 13 cases and one case of maternal germinal mosaicism. Two variants are in the same domain of the protein: Pro-Leu-Asp-Leu-Ser (PLDLS) C terminal. Patients with these mutations exhibit a phenotype with intellectual disability, HADDTS syndrome (hypotonia, ataxia, developmental delay, and tooth enamel defects), and cerebellar volume loss. We did not identify reported cases associated with homozygous mutations harbored in CTBP1. We did not identify any report of neurodevelopment phenotypes associated with heterozygous or homozygous CTBP2 mutations. Due to CTBP2/RIBEYE being a gene with dual function, identifying and interpreting the potential pathogenic variants is challenging. Further, homozygous mutations in the CTBP2 gene may be lethal. The mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of neurodevelopment due to variants of these proteins have not yet been elucidated, despite some functional evidence. Further studies should be conducted to understand these transcription factors and their interaction with each other and their partners.
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2
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Goldstein I, Ehrenreich IM. The complex role of genetic background in shaping the effects of spontaneous and induced mutations. Yeast 2020; 38:187-196. [PMID: 33125810 PMCID: PMC7984271 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous and induced mutations frequently show different phenotypic effects across genetically distinct individuals. It is generally appreciated that these background effects mainly result from genetic interactions between the mutations and segregating loci. However, the architectures and molecular bases of these genetic interactions are not well understood. Recent work in a number of model organisms has tried to advance knowledge of background effects both by using large‐scale screens to find mutations that exhibit this phenomenon and by identifying the specific loci that are involved. Here, we review this body of research, emphasizing in particular the insights it provides into both the prevalence of background effects across different mutations and the mechanisms that cause these background effects. A large fraction of mutations show different effects in distinct individuals. These background effects are mainly caused by epistasis with segregating loci. Mapping studies show a diversity of genetic architectures can be involved. Genetically complex changes in gene expression are often, but not always, causative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilan Goldstein
- Molecular and Computational Biology Section, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089-2910, USA
| | - Ian M Ehrenreich
- Molecular and Computational Biology Section, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089-2910, USA
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3
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Alsubaie L, Aloraini T, Amoudi M, Swaid A, Eyiad W, Al Mutairi F, Ababneh F, Alrifai MT, Baarmah D, Altwaijri W, Alotaibi N, Harthi A, Rumayyan A, Alanazi A, Qrimli M, Alfadhel M, Alfares A. Genomic testing and counseling: The contribution of next-generation sequencing to epilepsy genetics. Ann Hum Genet 2020; 84:431-436. [PMID: 32533790 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Currently, next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology is more accessible and available to detect the genetic causation of diseases. Though NGS technology benefited some clinical phenotypes, for some clinical diagnoses such as seizures and epileptic disorders, adaptation occurred slowly. The genetic diagnosis was mainly based on epilepsy gene panels and not on whole exome and/or genome sequencing. METHOD We retrospectively analyzed 420 index cases, referred for NGS over a period of 18 months, to investigate the challenges in diagnosing epilepsy. RESULT Of the 420 cases, 65 (15%) were referred due to epilepsy with one third having a positive family history. The result of the NGS was 14 positive cases (21.5%), 16 inconclusive cases (24%), and 35 (53%) negative cases. No gene has been detected twice in the inconclusive and positive groups. Comparative genomic hybridization has been performed for all 30 NGS negative cases and four cases with pathogenic variants (deletion in 15q11.213.1, deletion of 2p16.3, deletion in Xq22.1, and deletion in 17p13.3) were identified. CONCLUSION These findings have implications for our understanding of the approach to genetic testing and counseling of patients affected with seizures and epilepsy disorders. The overall diagnostic yield of exome/genome sequencing in our cohort was 23%. The main characteristic is genetic heterogeneity, supporting NGS technology as a suitable testing approach for seizures and epilepsy disorders. Genetic counseling for newly identified disease-causing variants depends on the pedigree interpretation, within the context of disease penetrance and variable expressivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia Alsubaie
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taghrid Aloraini
- Department of Lab Medicine, Division of Translational Pathology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Amoudi
- Department of Lab Medicine, Division of Translational Pathology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Swaid
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa Eyiad
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad Al Mutairi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farouq Ababneh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Talal Alrifai
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Duaa Baarmah
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Altwaijri
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naser Alotaibi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf Harthi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Rumayyan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alanazi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Qrimli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Alfadhel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alfares
- Department of Lab Medicine, Division of Translational Pathology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Franaszczyk M, Truszkowska G, Chmielewski P, Rydzanicz M, Kosinska J, Rywik T, Biernacka A, Spiewak M, Kostrzewa G, Stepien-Wojno M, Stawinski P, Bilinska M, Krajewski P, Zielinski T, Lutynska A, Bilinska ZT, Ploski R. Analysis of De Novo Mutations in Sporadic Cardiomyopathies Emphasizes Their Clinical Relevance and Points to Novel Candidate Genes. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020370. [PMID: 32013205 PMCID: PMC7073782 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of cardiomyopathies have an autosomal dominant inheritance; hence, genetic testing is typically offered to patients with a positive family history. A de novo mutation is a new germline mutation not inherited from either parent. The purpose of our study was to search for de novo mutations in patients with cardiomyopathy and no evidence of the disease in the family. Using next-generation sequencing, we analyzed cardiomyopathy genes in 12 probands. In 8 (66.7%), we found de novo variants in known cardiomyopathy genes (TTN, DSP, SCN5A, TNNC1, TPM1, CRYAB, MYH7). In the remaining probands, the analysis was extended to whole exome sequencing in a trio (proband and parents). We found de novo variants in genes that, so far, were not associated with any disease (TRIB3, SLC2A6), a possible disease-causing biallelic genotype (APOBEC gene family), and a de novo mosaic variant without strong evidence of pathogenicity (UNC45A). The high prevalence of de novo mutations emphasizes that genetic screening is also indicated in cases of sporadic cardiomyopathy. Moreover, we have identified novel cardiomyopathy candidate genes that are likely to affect immunological function and/or reaction to stress that could be especially relevant in patients with disease onset associated with infection/infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Franaszczyk
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland; (M.F.)
| | - Grazyna Truszkowska
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland; (M.F.)
| | - Przemyslaw Chmielewski
- Unit for Screening Studies in Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Rydzanicz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Kosinska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Rywik
- Department of Heart Failure and Transplantology, Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Biernacka
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Spiewak
- Magnetic Resonance Unit, Department of Radiology, Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grazyna Kostrzewa
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-007 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Stepien-Wojno
- Unit for Screening Studies in Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Stawinski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Bilinska
- Department of Arrhythmia, Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Krajewski
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-007 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Zielinski
- Department of Heart Failure and Transplantology, Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Lutynska
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zofia T. Bilinska
- Unit for Screening Studies in Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (Z.T.B.); (R.P.); Tel.: +48-223434710 (Z.T.B.); +48-225720695 (R.P.)
| | - Rafal Ploski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (Z.T.B.); (R.P.); Tel.: +48-223434710 (Z.T.B.); +48-225720695 (R.P.)
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5
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So HC, Wong YH. Implications of de novo mutations in guiding drug discovery: A study of four neuropsychiatric disorders. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 110:83-92. [PMID: 30597425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested an important role of de novo mutations (DNMs) in neuropsychiatric disorders. As DNMs are not subject to elimination due to evolutionary pressure, they are likely to have greater disruptions on biological functions. While a number of sequencing studies have been performed on neuropsychiatric disorders, the implications of DNMs for drug discovery remain to be explored. In this study, we employed a gene-set analysis approach to address this issue. Four neuropsychiatric disorders were studied, including schizophrenia (SCZ), autistic spectrum disorders (ASD), intellectual disability (ID) and epilepsy. We first identified gene-sets associated with different drugs, and analyzed whether the gene-set pertaining to each drug overlaps with DNMs more than expected by chance. We also assessed which medication classes are enriched among the prioritized drugs. We discovered that neuropsychiatric drug classes were indeed significantly enriched for DNMs of all four disorders; in particular, antipsychotics and antiepileptics were the most strongly enriched drug classes for SCZ and epilepsy respectively. Interestingly, we revealed enrichment of several unexpected drug classes, such as lipid-lowering agents for SCZ and anti-neoplastic agents. By inspecting individual hits, we also uncovered other interesting drug candidates or mechanisms (e.g. histone deacetylase inhibition and retinoid signaling) that might warrant further investigations. Taken together, this study provided evidence for the usefulness of DNMs in guiding drug discovery or repositioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hon-Cheong So
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources, Molecular Research of Common Diseases, Kunming Zoology Institute of Zoology, China.
| | - Yui-Hang Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
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6
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Han KH, Oh DY, Lee S, Lee C, Han JH, Kim MY, Park HR, Park MK, Kim NKD, Lee J, Yi E, Kim JM, Kim JW, Chae JH, Oh SH, Park WY, Choi BY. ATP1A3 mutations can cause progressive auditory neuropathy: a new gene of auditory synaptopathy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16504. [PMID: 29184165 PMCID: PMC5705773 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16676-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiologies and prevalence of sporadic, postlingual-onset, progressive auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) have rarely been documented. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence and molecular etiologies of these cases. Three out of 106 sporadic progressive hearing losses turned out to manifest ANSD. Through whole exome sequencing and subsequent bioinformatics analysis, two out of the three were found to share a de novo variant, p.E818K of ATP1A3, which had been reported to cause exclusively CAPOS (cerebellar ataxia, areflexia, pes cavus, optic atrophy, and sensorineural hearing loss) syndrome. However, hearing loss induced by CAPOS has never been characterized to date. Interestingly, the first proband did not manifest any features of CAPOS, except subclinical areflexia; however, the phenotypes of second proband was compatible with that of CAPOS, making this the first reported CAPOS allele in Koreans. This ANSD phenotype was compatible with known expression of ATP1A3 mainly in the synapse between afferent nerve and inner hair cells. Based on this, cochlear implantation (CI) was performed in the first proband, leading to remarkable benefits. Collectively, the de novo ATP1A3 variant can cause postlingual-onset auditory synaptopathy, making this gene a significant contributor to sporadic progressive ANSD and a biomarker ensuring favorable short-term CI outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Hee Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Doo-Yi Oh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seungmin Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Chung Lee
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Hee Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Min Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hye-Rim Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Moo Kyun Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nayoung K D Kim
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaekwang Lee
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eunyoung Yi
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, Korea
| | - Jong-Min Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jeong-Whun Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jong-Hee Chae
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Ha Oh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Yoon Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
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7
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Jinnah HA, Albanese A, Bhatia KP, Cardoso F, Da Prat G, de Koning TJ, Espay AJ, Fung V, Garcia-Ruiz PJ, Gershanik O, Jankovic J, Kaji R, Kotschet K, Marras C, Miyasaki JM, Morgante F, Munchau A, Pal PK, Rodriguez Oroz MC, Rodríguez-Violante M, Schöls L, Stamelou M, Tijssen M, Uribe Roca C, de la Cerda A, Gatto EM. Treatable inherited rare movement disorders. Mov Disord 2017; 33:21-35. [PMID: 28861905 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There are many rare movement disorders, and new ones are described every year. Because they are not well recognized, they often go undiagnosed for long periods of time. However, early diagnosis is becoming increasingly important. Rapid advances in our understanding of the biological mechanisms responsible for many rare disorders have enabled the development of specific treatments for some of them. Well-known historical examples include Wilson disease and dopa-responsive dystonia, for which specific and highly effective treatments have life-altering effects. In recent years, similarly specific and effective treatments have been developed for more than 30 rare inherited movement disorders. These treatments include specific medications, dietary changes, avoidance or management of certain triggers, enzyme replacement therapy, and others. This list of treatable rare movement disorders is likely to grow during the next few years because a number of additional promising treatments are actively being developed or evaluated in clinical trials. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Jinnah
- Departments of Neurology, Human Genetics and Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alberto Albanese
- Department of Neurology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy.,Catholic University, Milan, Italy
| | - Kailash P Bhatia
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francisco Cardoso
- Department of Internal Medicine, Movement Disorders Clinic, Neurology Service, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Da Prat
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,University DelSalvadore, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tom J de Koning
- Department of Genetics, Pediatrics and Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alberto J Espay
- James J. and Joan A. Gardner Center for Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders, University of Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Victor Fung
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Westmead Hospital & Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Oscar Gershanik
- Institute of Neuroscience, Favaloro Foundation University Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Joseph Jankovic
- Department of Neurology, Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ryuji Kaji
- Department of Neurology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Katya Kotschet
- Clinical Neurosciences, St. Vincent's Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Connie Marras
- The Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre and the Edmond J Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Francesca Morgante
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alexander Munchau
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Movement Disorders and Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Pramod Kumar Pal
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuroscience, Bangalore, India
| | - Maria C Rodriguez Oroz
- University Hospital Donostia, Madrid, Spain.,BioDonostia Research Institute, Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language, San Sebastian, Madrid, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.,Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ludger Schöls
- Department of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Maria Stamelou
- Neurology Clinic, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Parkinson's Disease and Other Movement Disorders Department, HYGEIA Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Marina Tijssen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Uribe Roca
- Department of Neurology, British Hospital of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Emilia M Gatto
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated University of Buenos Aires and University DelSalvadore, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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8
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Schoch K, Meng L, Szelinger S, Bearden DR, Stray-Pedersen A, Busk OL, Stong N, Liston E, Cohn RD, Scaglia F, Rosenfeld JA, Tarpinian J, Skraban CM, Deardorff MA, Friedman JN, Akdemir ZC, Walley N, Mikati MA, Kranz PG, Jasien J, McConkie-Rosell A, McDonald M, Wechsler SB, Freemark M, Kansagra S, Freedman S, Bali D, Millan F, Bale S, Nelson SF, Lee H, Dorrani N, Goldstein DB, Xiao R, Yang Y, Posey JE, Martinez-Agosto JA, Lupski JR, Wangler MF, Shashi V. A Recurrent De Novo Variant in NACC1 Causes a Syndrome Characterized by Infantile Epilepsy, Cataracts, and Profound Developmental Delay. Am J Hum Genet 2017; 100:343-351. [PMID: 28132692 PMCID: PMC5294886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole-exome sequencing (WES) has increasingly enabled new pathogenic gene variant identification for undiagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders and provided insights into both gene function and disease biology. Here, we describe seven children with a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by microcephaly, profound developmental delays and/or intellectual disability, cataracts, severe epilepsy including infantile spasms, irritability, failure to thrive, and stereotypic hand movements. Brain imaging in these individuals reveals delay in myelination and cerebral atrophy. We observe an identical recurrent de novo heterozygous c.892C>T (p.Arg298Trp) variant in the nucleus accumbens associated 1 (NACC1) gene in seven affected individuals. One of the seven individuals is mosaic for this variant. NACC1 encodes a transcriptional repressor implicated in gene expression and has not previously been associated with germline disorders. The probability of finding the same missense NACC1 variant by chance in 7 out of 17,228 individuals who underwent WES for diagnoses of neurodevelopmental phenotypes is extremely small and achieves genome-wide significance (p = 1.25 × 10-14). Selective constraint against missense variants in NACC1 makes this excess of an identical missense variant in all seven individuals more remarkable. Our findings are consistent with a germline recurrent mutational hotspot associated with an allele-specific neurodevelopmental phenotype in NACC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Schoch
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Linyan Meng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | - Szabolcs Szelinger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - David R Bearden
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - Asbjorg Stray-Pedersen
- Baylor-Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Norwegian National Unit for Newborn Screening, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Oyvind L Busk
- Section of Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Telemark Hospital, 3710 Skien, Norway
| | - Nicholas Stong
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Eriskay Liston
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Ronald D Cohn
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Fernando Scaglia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jennifer Tarpinian
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Cara M Skraban
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew A Deardorff
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Roberts Individualized Medical Genetics Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jeremy N Friedman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Zeynep Coban Akdemir
- Norwegian National Unit for Newborn Screening, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Nicole Walley
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mohamad A Mikati
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Peter G Kranz
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Duke Health, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Joan Jasien
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Allyn McConkie-Rosell
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Marie McDonald
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Stephanie Burns Wechsler
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Michael Freemark
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sujay Kansagra
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Deeksha Bali
- Department of Pathology, Duke Health, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | | | - Stanley F Nelson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hane Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Clinical Genomics Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Naghmeh Dorrani
- Clinical Genomics Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - David B Goldstein
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | - Yaping Yang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | - Jennifer E Posey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Baylor-Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Julian A Martinez-Agosto
- Clinical Genomics Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - James R Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Baylor-Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael F Wangler
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Baylor-Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Vandana Shashi
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke Health, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Lee JH. Somatic mutations in disorders with disrupted brain connectivity. Exp Mol Med 2016; 48:e239. [PMID: 27282107 PMCID: PMC4929695 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2016.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations occur during cell division in all somatic lineages. Because neurogenesis persists throughout human life, somatic mutations in the brain arise during development and accumulate with the aging process. The human brain consists of 100 billion neurons that form an extraordinarily intricate network of connections to achieve higher level cognitive functions. Due to this network architecture, perturbed neuronal functions are rarely restricted to a focal area; instead, they are often spread via the neuronal network to affect other connected areas. Although somatic diversity is an evident feature of the brain, the extent to which somatic mutations affect the neuronal structure and function and their contribution to neurological disorders associated with disrupted brain connectivity remain largely unexplored. Notably, recent reports indicate that brain somatic mutations can indeed play a critical role that leads to the structural and functional abnormalities of the brain observed in several neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, I review the extent and significance of brain somatic mutations and provide my perspective regarding these mutations as potential molecular lesions underlying relatively common conditions with disrupted brain connectivity. Moreover, I discuss emerging technical platforms that will facilitate the detection of low-frequency somatic mutations and validate the biological functions of the identified mutations in the context of brain connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Ho Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
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10
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Kaur J, Casas L, Bose HS. Lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to STAR mutations in a Caucasian patient. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2016; 2016:150119. [PMID: 27047663 PMCID: PMC4815279 DOI: 10.1530/edm-15-0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia (lipoid CAH), the most severe form of CAH, is most commonly caused by mutations in steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR), which is required for the movement of cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membranes to synthesize pregnenolone. This study was performed to evaluate whether the salt-losing crisis and the adrenal inactivity experienced by a Scandinavian infant is due to a de novo STAR mutation. The study was conducted at the University of North Dakota, the Mercer University School of Medicine and the Memorial University Medical Center to identify the cause of this disease. The patient was admitted to a pediatric endocrinologist at the Sanford Health Center for salt-losing crisis and possible adrenal failure. Lipoid CAH is an autosomal recessive disease, we identified two de novo heterozygous mutations (STAR c.444C>A (STAR p.N148K) and STAR c.557C>T (STAR p.R193X)) in the STAR gene, causing lipoid CAH. New onset lipoid CAH can occur through de novo mutations and is not restricted to any specific region of the world. This Scandinavian family was of Norwegian descent and had lipoid CAH due to a mutation in STAR exons 4 and 5. Overexpression of the STAR p.N148K mutant in nonsteroidogenic COS-1 cells supplemented with an electron transport system showed activity similar to the background level, which was ∼10% of that observed with wild-type (WT) STAR. Protein-folding analysis showed that the finger printing of the STAR p.N148K mutant is also different from the WT protein. Inherited STAR mutations may be more prevalent in some geographical areas but not necessarily restricted to those regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeet Kaur
- Division of Biomedical Science, Department of Biochemistry, Mercer University School of Medicine and Memorial University Medical Center , Hoskins Research Building, 4700 Waters Avenue, Savannah, Georgia, 31404 , USA
| | - Luis Casas
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Dakota , Fargo, North Dakota , USA
| | - Himangshu S Bose
- Division of Biomedical Science, Department of Biochemistry, Mercer University School of Medicine and Memorial University Medical Center, Hoskins Research Building, 4700 Waters Avenue, Savannah, Georgia, 31404, USA; Anderson Cancer Institute, Memorial University Medical Center, Savannah, Georgia, 31404, USA
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11
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Switching to zebrafish neurobehavioral models: The obsessive–compulsive disorder paradigm. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 759:142-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Crabtree GW, Gogos JA. Synaptic plasticity, neural circuits, and the emerging role of altered short-term information processing in schizophrenia. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2014; 6:28. [PMID: 25505409 PMCID: PMC4243504 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2014.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity alters the strength of information flow between presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons and thus modifies the likelihood that action potentials in a presynaptic neuron will lead to an action potential in a postsynaptic neuron. As such, synaptic plasticity and pathological changes in synaptic plasticity impact the synaptic computation which controls the information flow through the neural microcircuits responsible for the complex information processing necessary to drive adaptive behaviors. As current theories of neuropsychiatric disease suggest that distinct dysfunctions in neural circuit performance may critically underlie the unique symptoms of these diseases, pathological alterations in synaptic plasticity mechanisms may be fundamental to the disease process. Here we consider mechanisms of both short-term and long-term plasticity of synaptic transmission and their possible roles in information processing by neural microcircuits in both health and disease. As paradigms of neuropsychiatric diseases with strongly implicated risk genes, we discuss the findings in schizophrenia and autism and consider the alterations in synaptic plasticity and network function observed in both human studies and genetic mouse models of these diseases. Together these studies have begun to point toward a likely dominant role of short-term synaptic plasticity alterations in schizophrenia while dysfunction in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) may be due to a combination of both short-term and long-term synaptic plasticity alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregg W. Crabtree
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia UniversityNew York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph A. Gogos
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia UniversityNew York, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia UniversityNew York, NY, USA
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