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Chuang WY, Lee CW, Fan WL, Liu TT, Lin ZH, Wang KC, Huang PJ, Yeh YM, Lin TC. Wnt-5a-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-Like Orphan Receptor 2 Signaling Provokes Metastatic Colonization and Angiogenesis in Renal Cell Carcinoma, and the Axis Activation Is Suppressed by Prunetin. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024:S0002-9440(24)00245-1. [PMID: 39069169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Wnt-5a is a protein that is encoded by the WNT5A gene and is a ligand for the receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2). However, its biological impact on clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains unclear. In this study, the prognostic significance of concurrent WNT5A and ROR2 expression levels was observed to predict unfavorable overall survival and disease-specific survival. High Wnt-5a expression was detected in a ccRCC cell line panel but not in HK-2 cells, a normal proximal tubular cell line. Inhibition of DNA methyltransferase by 5-azacytidine in 786-O and Caki-2 cells resulted in Wnt-5a up-regulation, indicating potential epigenetic modification. Furthermore, the results revealed the repression of cell movement in vitro and metastatic colonization in vivo on WNT5A and ROR2 knockdown. The suppressions of angiogenesis in vivo and tubular-like structure formation in endothelial cells in vitro were also observed after silencing WNT5A and ROR2 expression. In addition, alteration in the downstream gene signature of the Wnt-5a-ROR2 signaling was discovered to be similar to that in metastasis-associated gene 1-β-catenin axis. Moreover, prunetin treatment was found to reverse the gene signature derived from Wnt-5a-ROR2 signaling activation and to abolish ccRCC cell migration and proliferation. Overall, this study demonstrates the clinical and functional significance of the Wnt-5a-ROR2 axis and identifies prunetin as a potential precision medicine for patients with ccRCC harboring aberrant Wnt-5a-ROR2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yu Chuang
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chang Gung Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Center for Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Wei Lee
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lang Fan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ta Liu
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zih-Han Lin
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research and Development, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chih Wang
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research and Development, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jung Huang
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research and Development, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ming Yeh
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research and Development, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Chieh Lin
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Department of Medical Research and Development, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Kamizaki K, Minami Y, Nishita M. Role of the Ror family receptors in Wnt5a signaling. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024; 60:489-501. [PMID: 38587578 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-024-00885-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Ror-family receptors, Ror1 and Ror2, are type I transmembrane proteins that possess an extracellular cysteine-rich domain, which is conserved throughout the Frizzled-family receptors and is a binding site for Wnt ligands. Both Ror1 and Ror2 function primarily as receptors or co-receptors for Wnt5a to activate the β-catenin-independent, non-canonical Wnt signaling, thereby regulating cell polarity, migration, proliferation, and differentiation depending on the context. Ror1 and Ror2 are expressed highly in many tissues during embryogenesis but minimally or scarcely in adult tissues, with some exceptions. In contrast, Ror1 and Ror2 are expressed in many types of cancers, and their high expression often contributes to the progression of the disease. Therefore, Ror1 and Ror2 have been proposed as potential targets for the treatment of the malignancies. In this review, we provide an overview of the regulatory mechanisms of Ror1/Ror2 expression and discuss how Wnt5a-Ror1/Ror2 signaling is mediated and regulated by their interacting proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Kamizaki
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Minami
- Division of Cell Physiology, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Michiru Nishita
- Department of Biochemistry, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikariga-Oka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
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Russell NX, Burra K, Shah RM, Bottasso-Arias N, Mohanakrishnan M, Snowball J, Ediga HH, Madala SK, Sinner D. Wnt signaling regulates ion channel expression to promote smooth muscle and cartilage formation in developing mouse trachea. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L788-L802. [PMID: 37873566 PMCID: PMC11068408 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00024.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion channels play critical roles in the physiology and function of the nervous system and contractile tissue; however, their role in noncontractile tissue and embryonic development has yet to be understood. Tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) and complete tracheal rings (CTR) are disorders affecting the muscle and cartilage of the trachea and bronchi, whose etiology remains poorly understood. We demonstrated that trachealis muscle organization and polarity are disrupted after epithelial ablation of Wntless (Wls), a cargo receptor critical for the Wnt signaling pathway, in developing trachea. The phenotype resembles the anomalous trachealis muscle observed after deletion of ion channel encoding genes in developing mouse trachea. We sought to investigate whether and how the deletion of Wls affects ion channels during tracheal development. We hypothesize that Wnt signaling influences the expression of ion channels to promote trachealis muscle cell assembly and patterning. Deleting Wls in developing trachea causes differential regulation of genes mediating actin binding, cytoskeleton organization, and potassium ion channel activity. Wnt signaling regulates the expression of Kcnj13, Kcnd3, Kcnj8, and Abcc9 as demonstrated by in vitro studies and in vivo analysis in Wnt5a and β-catenin-deficient tracheas. Pharmacological inhibition of potassium ion channels and Wnt signaling impaired contractility of developing trachealis smooth muscle and formation of cartilaginous mesenchymal condensation. Thus, in mice, epithelial-induced Wnt/β-catenin signaling mediates trachealis muscle and cartilage development via modulation of ion channel expression, promoting trachealis muscle architecture, contractility, and cartilaginous extracellular matrix. In turn, ion channel activity may influence tracheal morphogenesis underlying TBM and CTR.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Ion channels play critical roles in the physiology and function of the nervous system and contractile tissue; however, their role in noncontractile tissue and embryonic development has yet to be understood. In this study, we focused on the role of ion channels in the differentiation and patterning of the large airways of the developing respiratory tract. We identify a mechanism by which Wnt-beta-catenin signaling controls levels of ion channel-encoding genes to promote tracheal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas X Russell
- Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati Honors Program, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Kaulini Burra
- Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Ronak M Shah
- Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati Honors Program, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Natalia Bottasso-Arias
- Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Megha Mohanakrishnan
- Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati Honors Program, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - John Snowball
- Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Harshavardhana H Ediga
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Satish K Madala
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
| | - Debora Sinner
- Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
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Zavareh VA, Gharibi S, Hosseini Rizi M, Nekookar A, Mirhendi H, Rahimmalek M, Szumny A. Satureja bachtiarica Induces Cancer Cell Death in Breast and Glioblastoma Cancer in 2D/3D Models and Suppresses Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Cells 2023; 12:2713. [PMID: 38067141 PMCID: PMC10706021 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Overcoming drug resistance and specifically targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) are critical challenges in improving cancer therapy. Nowadays, the use of novel and native medicinal plants can provide new sources for further investigations for this purpose. The aim of this study was to assess the potential of S. bachtiarica, an endemic plant with diverse medicinal applications, in suppressing and targeting cancer and cancer stem cells in glioblastoma and breast cancer. The effect of S. bachtiarica on viability, migration, invasion, and clonogenic potential of MDAMB-231 and U87-MG cells was assessed in both two- and three-dimensional cell culture models. Additionally, we evaluated its effects on the self-renewal capacity of mammospheres. The experimental outcomes indicated that S. bachtiarica decreased the viability and growth rate of cells and spheroids by inducing apoptosis and inhibited colony formation, migration, and invasion of cells and spheroids. Additionally, colony and sphere-forming ability, as well as the expression of genes associated with EMT and stemness were reduced in mammospheres treated with S. bachtiarica. In conclusion, this study provided valuable insights into the anti-cancer effects of S. bachtiarica, particularly in relation to breast CSCs. Therefore, S. bachtiarica may be a potential adjuvant for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vajihe Azimian Zavareh
- Core Research Facilities (CRF), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran; (V.A.Z.); (S.G.); (M.H.R.); (A.N.); (H.M.)
| | - Shima Gharibi
- Core Research Facilities (CRF), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran; (V.A.Z.); (S.G.); (M.H.R.); (A.N.); (H.M.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mahnaz Hosseini Rizi
- Core Research Facilities (CRF), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran; (V.A.Z.); (S.G.); (M.H.R.); (A.N.); (H.M.)
| | - Abdolhossein Nekookar
- Core Research Facilities (CRF), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran; (V.A.Z.); (S.G.); (M.H.R.); (A.N.); (H.M.)
| | - Hossein Mirhendi
- Core Research Facilities (CRF), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran; (V.A.Z.); (S.G.); (M.H.R.); (A.N.); (H.M.)
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rahimmalek
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Antoni Szumny
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
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Russell NX, Burra K, Shah R, Bottasso-Arias N, Mohanakrishnan M, Snowball J, Ediga HH, Madala SK, Sinner D. Wnt signaling regulates ion channel expression to promote smooth muscle and cartilage formation in developing mouse trachea. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.10.523309. [PMID: 36711918 PMCID: PMC9882072 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.10.523309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Ion channels play critical roles in the physiology and function of the nervous system and contractile tissue; however, their role in non-contractile tissue and embryonic development has yet to be understood. Tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) and complete tracheal rings (CTR) are disorders affecting the muscle and cartilage of the trachea and bronchi, whose etiology remains poorly understood. We demonstrated that trachealis muscle organization and polarity are disrupted after epithelial ablation of Wls, a cargo receptor critical for the Wnt signaling pathway, in developing trachea. The phenotype resembles the anomalous trachealis muscle observed after deletion of ion channel encoding genes in developing mouse trachea. We sought to investigate whether and how the deletion of Wls affects ion channels during tracheal development. We hypothesize that Wnt signaling influences the expression of ion channels to promote trachealis muscle cell assembly and patterning. Deleting Wls in developing trachea causes differential regulation of genes mediating actin binding, cytoskeleton organization, and potassium ion channel activity. Wnt signaling regulated expression of Kcnj13, Kcnd3, Kcnj8, and Abcc9 as demonstrated by in vitro studies and in vivo analysis in Wnt5a and β-catenin deficient tracheas. Pharmacological inhibition of potassium ion channels and Wnt signaling impaired contractility of developing trachealis smooth muscle and formation of cartilaginous mesenchymal condensation. Thus, in mice, epithelial-induced Wnt/β-catenin signaling mediates trachealis muscle and cartilage development via modulation of ion channel expression, promoting trachealis muscle architecture, contractility, and cartilaginous extracellular matrix. In turn, ion channel activity may influence tracheal morphogenesis underlying TBM and CTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas X. Russell
- Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology Perinatal Institute. Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati Honors Program
| | - Kaulini Burra
- Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology Perinatal Institute. Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center. Current affiliation: Nationwide Children’s Hospital Columbus OH
| | - Ronak Shah
- Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology Perinatal Institute. Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati Honors Program Current Affiliation: Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University
| | - Natalia Bottasso-Arias
- Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology Perinatal Institute. Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Megha Mohanakrishnan
- Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology Perinatal Institute. Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati Honors Program
| | - John Snowball
- Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology Perinatal Institute. Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center. Current affiliation: P&G Cincinnati, OH
| | - Harshavardhana H. Ediga
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
| | - Satish K Madala
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
| | - Debora Sinner
- Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology Perinatal Institute. Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine
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Kudra A, Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka K, Sobocki BK, Muszyński D, Połom J, Carbone L, Marano L, Roviello F, Kalinowski L, Stachowska E. Postbiotics in oncology: science or science fiction? Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1182547. [PMID: 37608943 PMCID: PMC10440707 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1182547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome has been increasingly understood to play a critical role in carcinogenesis and cancer disease progression. The most recent research advancements have shown that different tools of microbiota manipulation contribute to gut microbiome-immune-oncology axis modulation, offering exciting opportunities for targeted interventions aimed at improving the efficacy of established anti-cancer therapy. Postbiotics are a new entry among the biotics showing beneficial effects on human health while not requiring living cells to obtain the health effect and therefore not subjected to food safety rules for live microorganisms. Postbiotics are recently defined as the "preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confers a health benefit on the host" and have gradually become the focus of the scientific community. Since the beginning of research on this topic, numerous studies about postbiotics have been proven to strengthen the gut barrier, reduce inflammation, and promote antimicrobial activity. However, research on the potential application of cancer therapy is still at the early stages of its efforts to uncover all the secrets surrounding postbiotics. This review aims to increase our understanding of the anti-cancer effect of postbiotics throughout a "bibliographic journey" on the biological activity of their components, including exopolysaccharides, cell wall fragments, tryptophan metabolites, enzymes, bacterial lysates, extracellular vesicles, and short-chain fatty acids, highlighting their perspective as a new supportive therapeutic method of treatment and identifying the literature gaps where further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kudra
- Scientific Circle of Studies Regarding Personalized Medicine Associated With Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Bartosz Kamil Sobocki
- Scientific Circle of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Damian Muszyński
- Scientific Circle of Studies Regarding Personalized Medicine Associated With Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Joanna Połom
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ludovico Carbone
- Department of Medicine Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Luigi Marano
- Department of Medicine Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Franco Roviello
- Department of Medicine Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Leszek Kalinowski
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics—Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.pl, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- BioTechMed Centre/Department of Mechanics of Materials and Structures, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Stachowska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Zhang M, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Wang ZY, Ming XY, Guo ZD. Lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid regulate the PI3K/AKT pathway through osteopontin/integrin β3 to promote malignant progression of non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Dis 2023; 15:168-185. [PMID: 36794132 PMCID: PMC9922606 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-22-1825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Lung cancer (LC) is a malignancy with one of the highest mortality rates. Respiratory microbiota is considered to play a key role in the development of LC, but the molecular mechanisms are rarely studied. Methods We used lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) to study human lung cancer cell lines PC9 and H1299. The gene expression of CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL)1/6, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The Cell-Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8) was used to analyze cell proliferation. Transwell assays were performed to analyze cell migration ability. Flow cytometry was used to observe cell apoptosis. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to analyze the expression of secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), toll-like receptor (TLR)-2/4, and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) to determine the mechanism of LPS + LTA. We evaluated the effect of LPS + LTA on cisplatin sensibility by analyzing cell proliferation, apoptosis, and caspase-3/9 expression levels. We observed the proliferation activity, apoptosis, and migration ability of cells in which SPP1 had been transfected small interfering (si) negative control (NC) and integrin β3 siRNA. Then the mRNA expression level and protein expression of PI3K, AKT, and ERK were analyzed. Finally, the nude mouse tumor transplantation model was conducted to verify. Results We studied that in two cell lines, the expression level of inflammatory factors in LPS+LTA group was significantly higher than that in single treatment group (P<0.001). We explored LPS + LTA combined treatment group significantly increased the expression of NLRP3 and genes and proteins. LPS + LTA + Cisplatin group could significantly reduce the inhibitory effect of LPS on cell proliferation (P<0.001), reduce the apoptosis rate (P<0.001) and significantly reduce the expression levels of caspase-3/9 (P<0.001) compared with Cisplatin group. Finally, we verified that LPS and LTA could increase osteopontin (OPN)/integrin β3 expression and activate the PI3K/AKT pathway to promote malignant progression of LC in vitro studies. Conclusions This study provides a theoretical basis for further exploration of the influence of lung microbiota on NSCLC and the optimization of LC treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Oncology, Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhao-Yi Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xi-Yue Ming
- Department of Oncology, Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhen-Dong Guo
- Beijing Goldstandard Medicine Independent Clinical Laboratory Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
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WNT5A in tumor development and progression: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113599. [PMID: 36089446 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The investigation of tumor microenvironment (TME) is essential to better characterize the complex cellular crosstalk and to identify important immunological phenotypes and biomarkers. The niche is a crucial contributor to neoplasm initiation, maintenance and progression. Therefore, a deeper analysis of tumor surroundings could improve cancer diagnosis, prognosis and assertive treatment. Thus, the WNT family exerts a critical action in tumorigenesis of different types of neoplasms due to dysregulations in the TME. WNT5A, an evolutionary WNT member, is involved in several cellular and physiopathological processes, in addition to tissue homeostasis. The WNT5A protein exerts paradoxical effects while acting as both an oncogene or tumor suppressor by regulating several non-canonical signaling pathways, and consequently interfering in cell growth, cytoskeletal remodeling, migration and invasiveness. This review focuses on a thorough characterization of the role of WNT5A in neoplastic transformation and progression, which may help to understand the prognostic potentiality of WNT5A and its features as a therapeutic target in several cancers. Additionally, we herein summarized novel findings on the mechanisms by which WNT5A might favor tumorigenesis or suppression of cancer progression and discussed the recently developed treatment strategies using WNT5A as a protagonist.
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Ror2-mediated cholesterol accumulation regulates autophagic activity within BCG-infected macrophages. Microb Pathog 2022; 167:105564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Endo M, Kamizaki K, Minami Y. The Ror-Family Receptors in Development, Tissue Regeneration and Age-Related Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:891763. [PMID: 35493090 PMCID: PMC9043558 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.891763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ror-family proteins, Ror1 and Ror2, act as receptors or co-receptors for Wnt5a and its related Wnt proteins to activate non-canonical Wnt signaling. Ror1 and/or Ror2-mediated signaling plays essential roles in regulating cell polarity, migration, proliferation and differentiation during developmental morphogenesis, tissue-/organo-genesis and regeneration of adult tissues following injury. Ror1 and Ror2 are expressed abundantly in developing tissues in an overlapping, yet distinct manner, and their expression in adult tissues is restricted to specific cell types such as tissue stem/progenitor cells. Expression levels of Ror1 and/or Ror2 in the adult tissues are increased following injury, thereby promoting regeneration or repair of these injured tissues. On the other hand, disruption of Wnt5a-Ror2 signaling is implicated in senescence of tissue stem/progenitor cells that is related to the impaired regeneration capacity of aged tissues. In fact, Ror1 and Ror2 are implicated in age-related diseases, including tissue fibrosis, atherosclerosis (or arteriosclerosis), neurodegenerative diseases, and cancers. In these diseases, enhanced and/or sustained (chronic) expression of Ror1 and/or Ror2 is observed, and they might contribute to the progression of these diseases through Wnt5a-dependent and -independent manners. In this article, we overview recent advances in our understanding of the roles of Ror1 and Ror2-mediated signaling in the development, tissue regeneration and age-related diseases, and discuss their potential to be therapeutic targets for chronic inflammatory diseases and cancers.
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11
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Wang F, Hou W, Li X, Lu L, Huang T, Zhu M, Miao C. SETD8 cooperates with MZF1 to participate in hyperglycemia-induced endothelial inflammation via elevation of WNT5A levels in diabetic nephropathy. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:30. [PMID: 35350980 PMCID: PMC8962284 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00328-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is regarded as the main vascular complication of diabetes mellitus, directly affecting the outcome of diabetic patients. Inflammatory factors were reported to participate in the progress of DN. Wingless-type family member 5 (WNT5A), myeloid zinc finger 1 (MZF1), and lysine methyltransferase 8 (SETD8) have also been reported to elevate inflammatory factor levels and activate the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway to induce endothelial dysfunction. In the current study, it was assumed that MZF1 associates with SETD8 to regulate WNT5A transcription, thus resulting in hyperglycemia-induced glomerular endothelial inflammation in DN. Methods The present study recruited 25 diagnosed DN patients (type 2 diabetes) and 25 control participants (nondiabetic renal cancer patients with normal renal function, stage I–II) consecutively. Moreover, a DN rat and cellular model was constructed in the present study. Immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were implemented to determine protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels. Coimmunoprecipitation (CoIP) and immunofluorescence were implemented in human glomerular endothelial cells (HGECs). Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and dual luciferase assays were implemented to determine transcriptional activity. Results The results of this study indicated that levels of WNT5A expression, p65 phosphorylation (p-p65), and inflammatory factors were all elevated in DN patients and rats. In vitro, levels of p-p65 and inflammatory factors increased along with the increase of WNT5A expression in hyperglycemic HGECs. Moreover, high glucose increased MZF1 expression and decreased SETD8 expression. MZF1 and SETD8 inhibit each other under the stimulus of high glucose, but cooperate to regulate WNT5A expression, thus influencing p-p65 and endothelial inflammatory factors levels. Overexpression of MZF1 and silencing of SETD8 induced endothelial p-p65 and inflammatory factors levels, which can be reversed by si-WNT5A. Mechanistic research indicated that MZF1, SETD8, and its downstream target histone H4 lysine 20 methylation (H4K20me1) all occupied the WNT5A promoter region. sh-SETD8 expanded the enrichment of MZF1 on WNT5A promoter. Our in vivo study proved that SETD8 overexpression inhibited levels of WNT5A, p-p65 expression, and inflammatory factors in DN rats. Conclusions MZF1 links with SETD8 to regulate WNT5A expression in HGECs, thus elevating levels of hyperglycemia-mediated inflammatory factors in glomerular endothelium of DN patients and rats. Trial registration ChiCTR, ChiCTR2000029425. 2020/1/31, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=48548 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s11658-022-00328-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenting Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lihong Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Minmin Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changhong Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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12
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Castro MV, Barbero GA, Máscolo P, Ramos R, Quezada MJ, Lopez-Bergami P. ROR2 increases the chemoresistance of melanoma by regulating p53 and Bcl2-family proteins via ERK hyperactivation. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:23. [PMID: 35260073 PMCID: PMC8903712 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background ROR2 is a tyrosine-kinase receptor whose expression is dysregulated in many human diseases. In cancer, ROR2 stimulates proliferation, survival, migration, and metastasis, and is associated with more aggressive tumor stages. The purpose of this work is to study the role of ROR2 in the chemoresistance of melanoma. Methods Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were used to study the biological function of ROR2 in melanoma. Cell death induced by chemotherapeutic drugs and BH-3 mimetics was evaluated using crystal violet cytotoxicity assays and annexin V/propidium iodide staining. Western blots were used to evaluate the expression of proteins implicated in cell death. The differences observed between cells with manipulation of ROR2 levels and control cells were evaluated using both Student’s t-test and ANOVA. Results We describe that ROR2 contributes to tumor progression by enhancing the resistance of melanoma cells to both chemotherapeutic drugs and BH-3 mimetics. We demonstrate that ROR2 reduced cell death upon treatment with cisplatin, dacarbazine, lomustine, camptothecin, paclitaxel, ABT-737, TW-37, and venetoclax. This effect was mediated by the inhibition of apoptosis. In addition, we investigated the molecular mechanisms implicated in this role of ROR2. We identified the MDM2/p53 pathway as a novel target of ROR2 since ROR2 positively regulates MDM2 levels, thus leading to p53 downregulation. We also showed that ROR2 also upregulates Mcl-1 and Bcl2-xL while it negatively regulates Bax and Bid expression. The effect of ROR2 on the expression of these proteins is mediated by the hyperactivation of ERK. Conclusions These results demonstrate that ROR2 contributes to melanoma progression by inhibiting apoptosis and increasing chemoresistance. These results not only position ROR2 as a marker of chemoresistance but also support its use as a novel therapeutic target in cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s11658-022-00327-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Victoria Castro
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Básicos, Biotecnológicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Hidalgo 775, 6th Floor, Lab 602, 1405, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gastón Alexis Barbero
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Básicos, Biotecnológicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Hidalgo 775, 6th Floor, Lab 602, 1405, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula Máscolo
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Básicos, Biotecnológicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Hidalgo 775, 6th Floor, Lab 602, 1405, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rocío Ramos
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Básicos, Biotecnológicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Hidalgo 775, 6th Floor, Lab 602, 1405, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Josefina Quezada
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Básicos, Biotecnológicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Hidalgo 775, 6th Floor, Lab 602, 1405, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Lopez-Bergami
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Básicos, Biotecnológicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Hidalgo 775, 6th Floor, Lab 602, 1405, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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13
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Castro MV, Lopez-Bergami P. Cellular and molecular mechanisms implicated in the dual role of ROR2 in cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 170:103595. [PMID: 35032666 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
ROR1 and ROR2 are Wnt receptors that are critical for β-catenin-independent Wnt pathways and have been linked to processes driving tumor progression, such as cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and therapy resistance. Both receptors have garnered interest as potential therapeutic targets since they are largely absent in adult tissue, are overexpressed in several cancers, and, as members of the receptor tyrosine kinase family, are easier to target than all other components of the pathway. Unlike ROR1 which always promotes tumorigenesis, ROR2 has a very complex role in cancer acting either to promote or inhibit tumor progression in different tumor types. In the present article, we summarize the findings on ROR2 expression in cancer patients and its impact on clinical outcome. Further, we review the biological processes and signaling pathways regulated by ROR2 that explain its dual role in cancer. Finally, we describe the ongoing strategies to target ROR2 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Victoria Castro
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires, 1405, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, 1425, Argentina
| | - Pablo Lopez-Bergami
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires, 1405, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, 1425, Argentina.
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14
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Dehghani-Ghobadi Z, Sheikh Hasani S, Arefian E, Hossein G. Wnt5A and TGFβ1 Converges through YAP1 Activity and Integrin Alpha v Up-Regulation Promoting Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Ovarian Cancer Cells and Mesothelial Cell Activation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020237. [PMID: 35053353 PMCID: PMC8773996 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate whether Wnt5A is associated with the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 and Hippo-YAP1/TAZ-TEAD pathways, implicated in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in epithelial ovarian cancer. We used 3D and 2D cultures of human epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV-3, OVCAR-3, CAOV-4, and different subtypes of human serous ovarian cancer compared to normal ovary specimens. Wnt5A showed a positive correlation with TAZ and TGFβ1 in high- and low-grade serous ovarian cancer specimens compared to borderline serous and normal ovaries. Silencing Wnt5A by siRNAs significantly decreased Smad2/3 activation and YAP1 expression and nuclear shuttling in ovarian cancer (OvCa) cells. Furthermore, Wnt5A was required for TGFβ1-induced cell migration and invasion. In addition, inhibition of YAP1 transcriptional activity by Verteporfin (VP) altered OvCa cell migration and invasion through decreased Wnt5A expression and inhibition of Smad2/3 activation, which was reverted in the presence of exogenous Wnt5A. We found that the activation of TGFβ1 and YAP1 nuclear shuttling was promoted by Wnt5A-induced integrin alpha v. Lastly, Wnt5A was implicated in activating human primary omental mesothelial cells and subsequent invasion of ovarian cancer cells. Together, we propose that Wnt5A could be a critical mediator of EMT-associated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Dehghani-Ghobadi
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614411, Iran;
| | - Shahrzad Sheikh Hasani
- Department of Gynecology Oncology Valiasr, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran 1419733141, Iran;
| | - Ehsan Arefian
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614411, Iran;
| | - Ghamartaj Hossein
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614411, Iran;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +98-21-6111-2622; Fax: +98-21-6649-2992
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15
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Tian M, Tang Y, Huang T, Liu Y, Pan Y. Amelioration of human peritoneal mesothelial cell co-culture-evoked malignant potential of ovarian cancer cells by acacetin involves LPA release-activated RAGE-PI3K/AKT signaling. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2021; 26:51. [PMID: 34886812 PMCID: PMC8903696 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-021-00296-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is a devastating gynecological malignancy and frequently presents as an advanced carcinoma with disseminated peritoneum metastasis. Acacetin exerts anti-cancerous effects in several carcinomas. Here, we sought to investigate acacetin function in ovarian cancer malignancy triggered by peritoneal mesothelial cells. Methods Peritoneal mesothelial cells were treated with acacetin, and then the conditioned medium was collected to treat ovarian cancer cells. Then, cell proliferation was analyzed by MTT assay. Transwell analysis was conducted to evaluate cell invasion. Protein expression was determined by western blotting. ELISA and qRT-PCR were applied to analyze inflammatory cytokine levels. The underlying mechanism was also explored. Results Acacetin suppressed cell proliferation and invasion, but enhanced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, mesothelial cell-evoked malignant characteristics were inhibited when mesothelial cells were pre-treated with acacetin via restraining cell proliferation and invasion, concomitant with decreases in proliferation-related PCNA, MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels. Simultaneously, acacetin reduced mesothelial cell-induced transcripts and production of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and IL-8 in ovarian cancer cells. Mechanically, acacetin decreased lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) release from mesothelial cells, and subsequent activation of receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE)-PI3K/AKT signaling in ovarian cancer cells. Notably, exogenous LPA restored the above pathway, and offset the efficacy of acacetin against mesothelial cell-evoked malignancy in ovarian cancer cells, including cell proliferation, invasion and inflammatory cytokine production. Conclusions Acacetin may not only engender direct inhibition of ovarian cancer cell malignancy, but also antagonize mesothelial cell-evoked malignancy by blocking LPA release-activated RAGE-PI3K/AKT signaling. Thus, these findings provide supporting evidence for a promising therapeutic agent against ovarian cancer. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Tian
- Critical Care Medicine, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Tang
- Department of Obstetrics, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingzheng Pan
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, No 120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Castro MV, Barbero GA, Villanueva MB, Grumolato L, Nsengimana J, Newton-Bishop J, Illescas E, Quezada MJ, Lopez-Bergami P. ROR2 has a protective role in melanoma by inhibiting Akt activity, cell-cycle progression, and proliferation. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:76. [PMID: 34774050 PMCID: PMC8590781 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00776-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) is a Wnt5a receptor aberrantly expressed in cancer that was shown to either suppress or promote carcinogenesis in different tumor types. Our goal was to study the role of ROR2 in melanoma. METHODS Gain and loss-of-function strategies were applied to study the biological function of ROR2 in melanoma. Proliferation assays, flow cytometry, and western blotting were used to evaluate cell proliferation and changes in expression levels of cell-cycle and proliferation markers. The role of ROR2 in tumor growth was assessed in xenotransplantation experiments followed by immunohistochemistry analysis of the tumors. The role of ROR2 in melanoma patients was assessed by analysis of clinical data from the Leeds Melanoma Cohort. RESULTS Unlike previous findings describing ROR2 as an oncogene in melanoma, we describe that ROR2 prevents tumor growth by inhibiting cell-cycle progression and the proliferation of melanoma cells. The effect of ROR2 is mediated by inhibition of Akt phosphorylation and activity which, in turn, regulates the expression, phosphorylation, and localization of major cell-cycle regulators including cyclins (A, B, D, and E), CDK1, CDK4, RB, p21, and p27. Xenotransplantation experiments demonstrated that ROR2 also reduces proliferation in vivo, resulting in inhibition of tumor growth. In agreement with these findings, a higher ROR2 level favors thin and non-ulcerated primary melanomas with reduced mitotic rate and better prognosis. CONCLUSION We conclude that the expression of ROR2 slows down the growth of primary tumors and contributes to prolonging melanoma survival. Our results demonstrate that ROR2 has a far more complex role than originally described.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Victoria Castro
- grid.440480.c0000 0000 9361 4204Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina ,grid.423606.50000 0001 1945 2152Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1425 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gastón Alexis Barbero
- grid.440480.c0000 0000 9361 4204Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina ,grid.423606.50000 0001 1945 2152Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1425 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Belén Villanueva
- grid.440480.c0000 0000 9361 4204Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina ,grid.423606.50000 0001 1945 2152Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1425 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luca Grumolato
- grid.10400.350000 0001 2108 3034INSERM U982, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, 76183 Rouen, France
| | - Jérémie Nsengimana
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Biostatistics Research Group, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH UK
| | | | - Edith Illescas
- grid.440480.c0000 0000 9361 4204Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Josefina Quezada
- grid.440480.c0000 0000 9361 4204Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina ,grid.423606.50000 0001 1945 2152Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1425 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Lopez-Bergami
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, 1405, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y Diagnóstico, Universidad Maimonides, Hidalgo 775, 6th Floor, Lab 602., 1405, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Niu Q, Shi J, Gao Q, Fu J. WNT5A Enhances LH-Mediated Expression of HAS2 in Granulosa Cells. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:1618-1629. [PMID: 34542891 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00736-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In adult ovary, WNT5A is involved in follicular responses to gonadotropins and necessary for ovarian follicle development. However, the mechanism by which gonadotropins regulate WNT5A and the role of WNT5A in modulating follicular responses to gonadotropins are unclear. In mice, we discovered that the expression of Wnt5a was increased in granulosa cells of mouse ovaries during ovulation, and regulated by gonadotropin-activated intra-ovarian cytokine interleukin 6 (IL6). Using human granulosa-like KGN cells, we confirmed that forskolin plus phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) which mimic the luteinizing hormone (LH) action induced the expression of WNT5A and cumulus expansion gene HAS2. However, this effect was suppressed by a NF-κB pathway inhibitor. Inhibition of NF-κB pathway also blocked the activation of WNT5A signaling components ROR2 and JNK. Moreover, exogenous WNT5A enhanced the expression of HAS2 in KGN cells through JNK and AKT signaling pathways. Knockdown of WNT5A expression by siRNA disrupted LH-mediated expression of HAS2. Our findings indicate that WNT5A could be a fine tuner for LH-induced HAS2 expression in ovarian granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Niu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jingjing Shi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiang Fu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Azimian-Zavareh V, Dehghani-Ghobadi Z, Ebrahimi M, Mirzazadeh K, Nazarenko I, Hossein G. Wnt5A modulates integrin expression in a receptor-dependent manner in ovarian cancer cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5885. [PMID: 33723319 PMCID: PMC7970989 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85356-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt5A signals through various receptors that confer versatile biological functions. Here, we used Wnt5A overexpressing human ovarian SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 stable clones for assessing integrin expression, cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and the ability of multicellular aggregates (MCAs) formation. We found here, that Wnt5A regulates differently the expression of its receptors in the stable Wnt5A overexpressing clones. The expression levels of Frizzled (FZD)-2 and -5, were increased in different clones. However ROR-1, -2 expression levels were differently regulated in clones. Wnt5A overexpressing clones showed increased cell proliferation, migration, and clonogenicity. Moreover, Wnt5A overexpressing SKOV-3 clone showed increased MCAs formation ability. Cell invasion had been increased in OVCAR-3-derived clones, while this was decreased in SKOV-3-derived clone. Importantly, αv integrin expression levels were increased in all assessed clones, accompanied by increased cell attachment to fibronectin and focal adhesion kinase activity. Moreover, the treatment of clones with Box5 as a Wnt5A/FZD5 antagonist abrogates ITGAV increase, cell proliferation, migration, and their attachment to fibronectin. Accordingly, we observed significantly higher expression levels of ITGAV and ITGB3 in human high-grade serous ovarian cancer specimens and ITGAV correlated positively with Wnt5A in metastatic serous type ovarian cancer. In summary, we hypothesize here, that Wnt5A/FZD-5 signaling modulate αv integrin expression levels that could be associated with ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration, and fibronectin attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vajihe Azimian-Zavareh
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zeinab Dehghani-Ghobadi
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kian Mirzazadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Irina Nazarenko
- Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ghamartaj Hossein
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. .,Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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Zhou W, Mei J, Gu D, Xu J, Wang R, Wang H, Liu C. Wnt5a: A promising therapeutic target in ovarian cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 219:153348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Lopez-Bergami P, Barbero G. The emerging role of Wnt5a in the promotion of a pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 39:933-952. [PMID: 32435939 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09878-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Wnt5a is the prototypical activator of the non-canonical Wnt pathways, and its overexpression has been implicated in the progression of several tumor types by promoting cell motility, invasion, EMT, and metastasis. Recent evidences have revealed a novel role of Wnt5a in the phosphorylation of the NF-κB subunit p65 and the activation of the NF-κB pathway in cancer cells. In this article, we review the molecular mechanisms and mediators defining a Wnt5a/NF-κB signaling pathway and propose that the aberrant expression of Wnt5a in some tumors drives a Wnt5a/NF-κB/IL-6/STAT3 positive feedback loop that amplifies the effects of Wnt5a. The evidences discussed here suggest that Wnt5a has a double effect on the tumor microenvironment. First, it activates an autocrine ROR1/Akt/p65 pathway that promotes inflammation and chemotaxis of immune cells. Then, Wnt5a activates a TLR/MyD88/p50 pathway exclusively in myelomonocytic cells promoting the synthesis of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and a tolerogenic phenotype. As a result of these mechanisms, Wnt5a plays a negative role on immune cell function that contributes to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and would contribute to resistance to immunotherapy. Finally, we summarized the development of different strategies targeting either Wnt5a or the Wnt5a receptor ROR1 that can be helpful for cancer therapy by contributing to generate a more immunostimulatory tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Lopez-Bergami
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimonides, Hidalgo 775, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Gastón Barbero
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimonides, Hidalgo 775, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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21
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Menck K, Heinrichs S, Baden C, Bleckmann A. The WNT/ROR Pathway in Cancer: From Signaling to Therapeutic Intervention. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010142. [PMID: 33445713 PMCID: PMC7828172 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The WNT pathway is one of the major signaling cascades frequently deregulated in human cancer. While research had initially focused on signal transduction centered on β-catenin as a key effector activating a pro-tumorigenic transcriptional response, nowadays it is known that WNT ligands can also induce a multitude of β-catenin-independent cellular pathways. Traditionally, these comprise WNT/planar cell polarity (PCP) and WNT/Ca2+ signaling. In addition, signaling via the receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptors (RORs) has gained increasing attention in cancer research due to their overexpression in a multitude of tumor entities. Active WNT/ROR signaling has been linked to processes driving tumor development and progression, such as cell proliferation, survival, invasion, or therapy resistance. In adult tissue, the RORs are largely absent, which has spiked the interest in them for targeted cancer therapy. Promising results in preclinical and initial clinical studies are beginning to unravel the great potential of such treatment approaches. In this review, we summarize seminal findings on the structure and expression of the RORs in cancer, their downstream signaling, and its output in regard to tumor cell function. Furthermore, we present the current clinical anti-ROR treatment strategies and discuss the state-of-the-art, as well as the challenges of the different approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Menck
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology, and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (K.M.); (S.H.); (C.B.)
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Saskia Heinrichs
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology, and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (K.M.); (S.H.); (C.B.)
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Cornelia Baden
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology, and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (K.M.); (S.H.); (C.B.)
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Annalen Bleckmann
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology, and Pneumology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (K.M.); (S.H.); (C.B.)
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Hematology/Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-0251-8352712
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22
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Zhou X, Lu H, Li F, Hao X, Han L, Dong Q, Chen X. MicroRNA-429 inhibits neuroblastoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion via the NF-κB pathway. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2020; 25:5. [PMID: 32082390 PMCID: PMC7020518 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-020-0202-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) can participate in the development and progression of neuroblastoma. Many studies have indicated that miR-429 can participate in tumor development. However, the mechanism underlying miR-429-mediated progression of neuroblastoma remains largely unclear. Methods Colony formation and apoptosis assays were used to determine the effect of miR-429 on cell proliferation. Its impact on cell migration was determined using the wound-healing and Transwell assays. The target gene of miR-429 was confirmed via western blotting and luciferase reporter assays. A nude mouse xenograft model with miR-429 overexpression was used to assess the effect on tumor growth. Results Our findings indicate that miR-429 is downregulated in neuroblastoma cell lines. We also found that it can induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation in cells of those lines. MiR-429 can bind to the 3′-UTR of IKKβ mRNA and overexpression of IKKβ can reverse cell proliferation, blocking the effect of miR-429. Furthermore, miR-429 overexpression inhibited neuroblastoma growth in our nude mouse xenograft model. Conclusion We provide important insight into miR-429 as a tumor suppressor through interaction with IKKβ, which is a catalytic subunit of the IKK complex that activates NF-κB nuclear transport. Our results demonstrate that miR-429 may be a new target for the treatment of neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Zhou
- 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000 Shandong China
| | - Hongting Lu
- 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000 Shandong China
| | - Fujiang Li
- 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000 Shandong China
| | - Xiwei Hao
- 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000 Shandong China
| | - Lulu Han
- 2Department of Operation Room, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.59 Haier Road, Qingdao, 266000 Shandong China
| | - Qian Dong
- 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000 Shandong China
| | - Xin Chen
- 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266000 Shandong China
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23
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Bartoszewski R, Sikorski AF. Editorial focus: understanding off-target effects as the key to successful RNAi therapy. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2019; 24:69. [PMID: 31867046 PMCID: PMC6902517 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-019-0196-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With the first RNA interference (RNAi) drug (ONPATTRO (patisiran)) on the market, we witness the RNAi therapy field reaching a critical turning point, when further improvements in drug candidate design and delivery pipelines should enable fast delivery of novel life changing treatments to patients. Nevertheless, ignoring parallel development of RNAi dedicated in vitro pharmacological profiling aiming to identify undesirable off-target activity may slow down or halt progress in the RNAi field. Since academic research is currently fueling the RNAi development pipeline with new therapeutic options, the objective of this article is to briefly summarize the basics of RNAi therapy, as well as to discuss how to translate basic research into better understanding of related drug candidate safety profiles early in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Bartoszewski
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksander F. Sikorski
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
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24
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Zhang CJ, Zhu N, Liu Z, Shi Z, Long J, Zu XY, Tang ZW, Hu ZY, Liao DF, Qin L. Wnt5a/Ror2 pathway contributes to the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis and inflammatory response in atherosclerosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1865:158547. [PMID: 31678514 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.158547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is characterized by lipids metabolism disorder and inflammatory response. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that Wingless type 5a (Wnt5a) is implicated in cardiovascular diseases through non-canonical Wnt cascades. However, its precise role during the pathogenesis of AS is still unclear. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the role and the underlying mechanism of Wnt5a/receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (Ror2) pathways in the promotion of AS process through affecting lipid accumulation and inflammation. In atherosclerotic clinical samples, Wnt5a levels were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay. In vivo experiments were conducted by using apolipoprotein E knockout (apoE-/-) mice model. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were applied for in vitro studies. Wnt5a was highly expressed in both of atherosclerotic clinical samples and apoE-/- mice. The knockdown of Wnt5a significantly inhibited cholesterol accumulation and inflammatory response. Additionally, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation aggravated the cholesterol accumulation and decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) expression in VSMCs. Depletion of intracellular cholesterol by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) led to the upregulation of ABCA1 and the inhibition of inflammation. Conversely, the overexpression of Wnt5a inhibited ABCA1 expression, facilitated cholesterol accumulation, impared cholesterol efflux, promoted NF-κB nuclear translocation and the inflammatory cytokines secretion. Moreover, the knockdown of Ror2 increased ABCA1 expression and reduced Wnt5a-induced cholesterol accumulation and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, the knockdown of ABCA1 enhanced cholesterol accumulation and inflammatory response. Therefore, Wnt5a/Ror2 pathway was critical in regulating cholesterol homeostasis and inflammatory response, which might be a promising therapeutic target for AS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Juan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Neng Zhu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhe Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Long
- School of Pharmacy, Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xu-Yu Zu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, China
| | - Zhen-Wang Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Heng Yang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhe-Yu Hu
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Duan-Fang Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Division of Stem Cell Regulation and Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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25
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Li GC, Qin XL, Song HH, Li YN, Qiu YY, Cui SC, Wang YS, Wang H, Gong JL. Upregulated microRNA-15b alleviates ovarian cancer through inhitbition of the PI3K/Akt pathway by targeting LPAR3. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:22331-22342. [PMID: 31140597 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer characterizes as the fourth leading consequence of death associated with cancer for women. Accumulating evidence underscores the vital roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in preventing ovarian cancer development. Besides, induction of the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/serine/threonine kinase (PI3K/Akt) pathway associated with the ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion. The study aims to examine the effects of miR-15b on the proliferation, apoptosis, and senescence of human ovarian cancer cells by binding to lysophosphatidic acid receptor 3 (LPAR3) with the involvement of the PI3K/Akt pathway. The positive expression of LPAR3 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry. Then the interaction between miR-15b and LPAR3 was examined. The possible role of miR-15b in ovarian cancer was explored using gain- and loss-of-function experiments. Subsequently, the functions of miR-15b on PI3K/Akt pathway, proliferation, migration, invasion, senescence and apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells were assessed. Furthermore, in vivo tumorigenicity assay in nude mice was performed. LPAR3 was overexpressed, whereas miR-15b was poorly expressed in ovarian cancer tissues. LPAR3 is a direct target of miR-15b. Restored miR-15b promoted Bax expression, apoptosis, and senescence, inhibited expression of LPAR3 and Bcl-2, the extent of PI3K and Akt phosphorylation, as well as ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Further, tumor growth was observed to be prevented by miR-15b overexpression. Collectively, our study demonstrates that miR-15b represses the proliferation and drives the senescence and apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells through the suppression of LPAR3 and the PI3K/Akt pathway, highlighting an antitumorigenic role of miR-15b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Cai Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Ling Qin
- Department of Emergency, Economic and Technological Development Zone People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huai-Hua Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Ni Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Economic and Technological Development Zone People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Yan Qiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Economic and Technological Development Zone People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Chang Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Sheng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Ling Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, People's Republic of China
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26
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Ferraiuolo M, Pulito C, Finch-Edmondson M, Korita E, Maidecchi A, Donzelli S, Muti P, Serra M, Sudol M, Strano S, Blandino G. Agave negatively regulates YAP and TAZ transcriptionally and post-translationally in osteosarcoma cell lines. Cancer Lett 2018; 433:18-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Bartoszewski R, Sikorski AF. Editorial focus: entering into the non-coding RNA era. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2018; 23:45. [PMID: 30250489 PMCID: PMC6145373 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-018-0111-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in high-throughput genotyping technologies have revealed the existence of several new classes of RNA that do not encode proteins but serve other cellular roles. To date, these non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to modulate both gene expression and genome remodeling, thus contributing to the control of both normal and disease-related cellular processes. The attraction of this research topic can be seen in the increasing number of submissions on ncRNAs to molecular biology journals, including Cellular Molecular Biology Letters (CMBL). As researchers attempt to deepen the understanding of the role of ncRNAs in cell biology, it is worth discussing the broader importance of this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Bartoszewski
- 1Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksander F Sikorski
- 2Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
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28
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Barbarino M, Cesari D, Intruglio R, Indovina P, Namagerdi A, Bertolino FM, Bottaro M, Rahmani D, Bellan C, Giordano A. Possible repurposing of pyrvinium pamoate for the treatment of mesothelioma: A pre-clinical assessment. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:7391-7401. [PMID: 29659015 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a very aggressive asbestos-related cancer, whose incidence is increasing worldwide. Unfortunately, no effective therapies are currently available and the prognosis is extremely poor. Recently, the anti-helminthic drug pyrvinium pamoate has attracted a strong interest for its anti-cancer activity, which has been demonstrated in many cancer models. Considering the previously established inhibitory effect of pyrvinium pamoate on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and given the important role of this pathway in MM, we investigated the potential anti-tumor activity of this drug in MM cell lines. We observed that pyrvinium pamoate significantly impairs MM cell proliferation, cloning efficiency, migration, and tumor spheroid formation. At the molecular level, our data show that pyrvinium pamoate down-regulates the expression of β-catenin and Wnt-regulates genes. Overall, our study suggests that the repurposing of pyrvinium pamoate for MM treatment could represent a new promising therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Barbarino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniele Cesari
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Riccardo Intruglio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Paola Indovina
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Asadoor Namagerdi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Maria Bottaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Delaram Rahmani
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Cristiana Bellan
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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29
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Roy JP, Halford MM, Stacker SA. The biochemistry, signalling and disease relevance of RYK and other WNT-binding receptor tyrosine kinases. Growth Factors 2018; 36:15-40. [PMID: 29806777 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2018.1472089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are a well-characterized family of growth factor receptors that have central roles in human disease and are frequently therapeutically targeted. The RYK, ROR, PTK7 and MuSK subfamilies make up an understudied subset of WNT-binding RTKs. Numerous developmental, stem cell and pathological roles of WNTs, in particular WNT5A, involve signalling via these WNT receptors. The WNT-binding RTKs have highly context-dependent signalling outputs and stimulate the β-catenin-dependent, planar cell polarity and/or WNT/Ca2+ pathways. RYK, ROR and PTK7 members have a pseudokinase domain in their intracellular regions. Alternative signalling mechanisms, including proteolytic cleavage and protein scaffolding functions, have been identified for these receptors. This review explores the structure, signalling, physiological and pathological roles of RYK, with particular attention paid to cancer and the possibility of therapeutically targeting RYK. The other WNT-binding RTKs are compared with RYK throughout to highlight the similarities and differences within this subset of WNT receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Roy
- a Tumour Angiogenesis and Microenvironment Program , Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne , Australia
- b Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Australia
| | - Michael M Halford
- a Tumour Angiogenesis and Microenvironment Program , Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne , Australia
| | - Steven A Stacker
- a Tumour Angiogenesis and Microenvironment Program , Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne , Australia
- b Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Australia
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30
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Henry CE, Llamosas E, Daniels B, Coopes A, Tang K, Ford CE. ROR1 and ROR2 play distinct and opposing roles in endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2018; 148:576-584. [PMID: 29395309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In recent years, the Wnt signalling pathway and the ROR1 and ROR2 receptors have been implicated in a range of gynecological cancers. These receptors have been described as prospective therapeutic targets, and this study investigated such potential in an endometrial cancer context. METHOD Immunohistochemistry for ROR1 and ROR2 was performed in a patient cohort, and expression was correlated with clinicopathological parameters including type, stage, grade, myometrial invasion, lymphovascular involvement, patient age and survival. The functional role of these receptors in endometrial cancer was investigated via siRNA knockdown of ROR1 and ROR2 in three cell line models (KLE, RL95-2 and MFE-319). Effects on proliferation, adhesion, migration and invasion were measured. RESULTS High ROR1 expression in patient samples correlated with worse overall survival (p = 0.0169) while high ROR2 expression correlated with better overall survival (p = 0.06). ROR1 knockdown in KLE cells significantly decreased proliferation (p = 0.047) and reduced migration and invasion. ROR2 knockdown in RL95-2 cells increased cell migration and invasion (p = 0.011). Double ROR1 and ROR2 knockdown in MFE-319 cells decreased adhesion and significantly increased cell migration (P = 0.008) and invasion (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION ROR1 and ROR2 play distinct roles in endometrial cancer. ROR1 may promote tumor progression, similar to its role in ovarian cancer, while ROR2 may act as a tumor suppressor in endometrioid endometrial cancer, similar to its role in colorectal cancer. With several ROR-targeting therapies currently in development and phase I clinical trials for other tumor types, this study supports the potential of these receptors as therapeutic targets for women with endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Henry
- Gynaecological Cancer Research Group, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - E Llamosas
- Gynaecological Cancer Research Group, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - B Daniels
- Medicines Policy Research Unit, Centre for Big Data Research in Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Coopes
- Gynaecological Cancer Research Group, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - K Tang
- South Eastern Area Laboratory Services Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - C E Ford
- Gynaecological Cancer Research Group, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Australia.
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31
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Hossein G, Arabzadeh S, Salehi-Dulabi Z, Dehghani-Ghobadi Z, Heidarian Y, Talebi-Juybari M. Wnt5A regulates the expression of ROR2 tyrosine kinase receptor in ovarian cancer cells. Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 95:609-615. [PMID: 28538104 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2016-0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt5A and receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) proteins both regulate developmental processes, cell movement, and cell polarity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a possible regulatory role of Wnt5A on ROR2 expression in human ovarian cancer cell lines. Moreover, the expression of Wnt5A and ROR2 mRNA and protein levels were assessed in human epithelial serous ovarian cancer (HSOC) specimens. ROR2 was strongly decreased in cells treated with siRNA against Wnt5A compared with scramble-treated or lipofectamine-treated cells (P < 0.001). There was 34% decreased cell invasion (P < 0.01) in Wnt5A knock-down cells compared with lipofectamine-treated and scramble-treated cells; however, cell invasion remained unchanged upon addition of anti-ROR2 antibody to the culture media of these cells. In contrast, addition of anti-ROR2 antibody to the culture media for lipofectamine-treated and scramble-treated cells led to 32% decreased cell invasion (P < 0.01). Normal ovarian specimens were negative, and variable immunostaining was observed in HSOC for Wnt5A and ROR2 immunostaining. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between Wnt5A and ROR2 expression in high-grade SOC samples at the mRNA level (P < 0.05; r = 0.38). This is the first report to show the regulatory role of Wnt5A on ROR2 expression in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghamartaj Hossein
- Department of Animal Physiology, Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Animal Physiology, Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Arabzadeh
- Department of Animal Physiology, Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Animal Physiology, Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Salehi-Dulabi
- Department of Animal Physiology, Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Animal Physiology, Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Dehghani-Ghobadi
- Department of Animal Physiology, Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Animal Physiology, Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yassaman Heidarian
- Department of Animal Physiology, Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Animal Physiology, Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Talebi-Juybari
- Department of Animal Physiology, Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Animal Physiology, Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Katoh M, Katoh M. Molecular genetics and targeted therapy of WNT-related human diseases (Review). Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:587-606. [PMID: 28731148 PMCID: PMC5547940 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Canonical WNT signaling through Frizzled and LRP5/6 receptors is transduced to the WNT/β-catenin and WNT/stabilization of proteins (STOP) signaling cascades to regulate cell fate and proliferation, whereas non-canonical WNT signaling through Frizzled or ROR receptors is transduced to the WNT/planar cell polarity (PCP), WNT/G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and WNT/receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling cascades to regulate cytoskeletal dynamics and directional cell movement. WNT/β-catenin signaling cascade crosstalks with RTK/SRK and GPCR-cAMP-PKA signaling cascades to regulate β-catenin phosphorylation and β-catenin-dependent transcription. Germline mutations in WNT signaling molecules cause hereditary colorectal cancer, bone diseases, exudative vitreoretinopathy, intellectual disability syndrome and PCP-related diseases. APC or CTNNB1 mutations in colorectal, endometrial and prostate cancers activate the WNT/β-catenin signaling cascade. RNF43, ZNRF3, RSPO2 or RSPO3 alterations in breast, colorectal, gastric, pancreatic and other cancers activate the WNT/β-catenin, WNT/STOP and other WNT signaling cascades. ROR1 upregulation in B-cell leukemia and solid tumors and ROR2 upregulation in melanoma induce invasion, metastasis and therapeutic resistance through Rho-ROCK, Rac-JNK, PI3K-AKT and YAP signaling activation. WNT signaling in cancer, stromal and immune cells dynamically orchestrate immune evasion and antitumor immunity in a cell context-dependent manner. Porcupine (PORCN), RSPO3, WNT2B, FZD5, FZD10, ROR1, tankyrase and β-catenin are targets of anti-WNT signaling therapy, and ETC-159, LGK974, OMP-18R5 (vantictumab), OMP-54F28 (ipafricept), OMP-131R10 (rosmantuzumab), PRI-724 and UC-961 (cirmtuzumab) are in clinical trials for cancer patients. Different classes of anti-WNT signaling therapeutics are necessary for the treatment of APC/CTNNB1-, RNF43/ZNRF3/RSPO2/RSPO3- and ROR1-types of human cancers. By contrast, Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1), SOST and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) are targets of pro-WNT signaling therapy, and anti-DKK1 (BHQ880 and DKN-01) and anti-SOST (blosozumab, BPS804 and romosozumab) monoclonal antibodies are being tested in clinical trials for cancer patients and osteoporotic post-menopausal women. WNT-targeting therapeutics have also been applied as reagents for in vitro stem-cell processing in the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masaru Katoh
- Department of Omics Network, National Cancer Center, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
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