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Zamora-Mendoza L, Guamba E, Miño K, Romero MP, Levoyer A, Alvarez-Barreto JF, Machado A, Alexis F. Antimicrobial Properties of Plant Fibers. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227999. [PMID: 36432099 PMCID: PMC9699224 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Healthcare-associated infections (HAI), or nosocomial infections, are a global health and economic problem in developed and developing countries, particularly for immunocompromised patients in their intensive care units (ICUs) and surgical site hospital areas. Recurrent pathogens in HAIs prevail over antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. For this reason, natural antibacterial mechanisms are a viable alternative for HAI treatment. Natural fibers can inhibit bacterial growth, which can be considered a great advantage in these applications. Moreover, these fibers have been reported to be biocompatible and biodegradable, essential features for biomedical materials to avoid complications due to infections and significant immune responses. Consequently, tissue engineering, medical textiles, orthopedics, and dental implants, as well as cosmetics, are fields currently expanding the use of plant fibers. In this review, we will discuss the source of natural fibers with antimicrobial properties, antimicrobial mechanisms, and their biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizbeth Zamora-Mendoza
- School of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Esteban Guamba
- School of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Karla Miño
- School of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Maria Paula Romero
- School of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Anghy Levoyer
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - José F. Alvarez-Barreto
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - António Machado
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Microbiología, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - Frank Alexis
- Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Quito 170901, Ecuador
- Correspondence:
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A Comprehensive Review of Types, Properties, Treatment Methods and Application of Plant Fibers in Construction and Building Materials. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15124362. [PMID: 35744418 PMCID: PMC9227278 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable development involves the usage of alternative sustainable materials in order to sustain the excessive depletion of natural resources. Plant fibers, as a “green” material, are progressively gaining the attention of various researchers in the field of construction for their potential use in composites for stepping towards sustainable development. This study aims to provide a scientometric review of the summarized background of plant fibers and their applications as construction and building materials. Studies from the past two decades are summarized. Quantitative assessment of research progress is made by using connections and maps between bibliometric data that are compiled for the analysis of plant fibers using Scopus. Data refinement techniques are also used. Plant fibers are potentially used to enhance the mechanical properties of a composite. It is revealed from the literature that plant-fiber-reinforced composites have comparable properties in comparison to composites reinforced with artificial/steel fibers for civil engineering applications, such as construction materials, bridge piers, canal linings, soil reinforcement, pavements, acoustic treatment, insulation materials, etc. However, the biodegradable nature of plant fibers is still a hindrance to their application as a structural material. For this purpose, different surface and chemical treatment methods have been proposed in past studies to improve their durability. It can be surmised from the gathered data that the compressive and flexural strengths of plant-fiber-reinforced cementitious composites are increased by up to 43% and 67%, respectively, with respect to a reference composite. In the literature, alkaline treatment has been reported as an effective and economical method for treating plant fibers. Environmental degradation due to excessive consumption of natural resources and fossil fuels for the construction industry, along with the burning of waste plant fibers, can be reduced by incorporating said fibers in cementitious composites to reduce landfill pollution and, ultimately, achieve sustainable development.
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An J, Zou F, Zhang J, Tang B, Wang J. Enhanced properties of silk fabric through immobilization of gold and titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.128018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Elmaaty TA, Raouf S, Sayed-Ahmed K, Plutino MR. Multifunctional Dyeing of Wool Fabrics Using Selenium Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:191. [PMID: 35012213 PMCID: PMC8747343 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aims to utilize selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) as a novel dyestuff, which endows wool fibers with an orange color because of their localized surface plasmon resonance. The color characteristics of dyed fibers were evaluated and analyzed. The color depth of the dyed fabrics under study was increased with the increase in Se content and dyeing temperature. The colored wool fabrics were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) and an X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results indicated that spherical Se-NPs with a spherical shape were consistently deposited onto the surface of wool fibers with good distribution. In addition, the influence of high temperature on the color characteristics and imparted functionalities of the dyed fabrics were also investigated. The obtained results showed that the proposed dyeing process is highly durable to washing after 10 cycles of washes, and the acquired functionalities, mainly antimicrobial activity and UV-blocking properties, were only marginally affected, maintaining an excellent fastness property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Abou Elmaaty
- Department of Material Arts, Faculty of Art & Design, Galala University, Galala 43713, Egypt;
- Department of Textile Printing, Dyeing & Finishing, Faculty of Applied Art, Damietta University, Damietta 34511, Egypt
| | - Sally Raouf
- Department of Textile Printing, Dyeing & Finishing, Faculty of Applied Art, Banha University, Banha 13518, Egypt;
| | - Khaled Sayed-Ahmed
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta 34511, Egypt;
| | - Maria Rosaria Plutino
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, c/o Dipartment ChiBioFarAm, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, University of Messina, Viale F. D’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
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Mehravani B, Ribeiro AI, Zille A. Gold Nanoparticles Synthesis and Antimicrobial Effect on Fibrous Materials. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1067. [PMID: 33919401 PMCID: PMC8143294 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Depositing nanoparticles in textiles have been a promising strategy to achieve multifunctional materials. Particularly, antimicrobial properties are highly valuable due to the emergence of new pathogens and the spread of existing ones. Several methods have been used to functionalize textile materials with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Therefore, this review highlighted the most used methods for AuNPs preparation and the current studies on the topic in order to obtain AuNPs with suitable properties for antimicrobial applications and minimize the environmental concerns in their production. Reporting the detailed information on the functionalization of fabrics, yarns, and fibers with AuNPs by different methods to improve the antimicrobial properties was the central objective. The studies combining AuNPs and textile materials have opened valuable opportunities to develop antimicrobial materials for health and hygiene products, as infection control and barrier material, with improved properties. Future studies are needed to amplify the antimicrobial effect of AuNPs onto textiles and minimize the concerns related to the synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrea Zille
- 2C2T-Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia Têxtil, Campus de Azúrem, Universidade do Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal; (B.M.); (A.I.R.)
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Adamo CB, Junger AS, Bressan LP, da Silva JAF, Poppi RJ, de Jesus DP. Fast and straightforward in-situ synthesis of gold nanoparticles on a thread-based microfluidic device for application in surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Noor N, Mutalik S, Younas MW, Chan CY, Thakur S, Wang F, Yao MZ, Mou Q, Leung PHM. Durable Antimicrobial Behaviour from Silver-Graphene Coated Medical Textile Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E2000. [PMID: 31816952 PMCID: PMC6961056 DOI: 10.3390/polym11122000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticle (AgNP) and AgNP/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposite impregnated medical grade polyviscose textile pads were formed using a facile, surface-mediated wet chemical solution-dipping process, without further annealing. Surfaces were sequentially treated in situ with a sodium borohydride (NaBH4) reducing agent, prior to formation, deposition, and fixation of Ag nanostructures and/or rGO nanosheets throughout porous non-woven (i.e., randomly interwoven) fibrous scaffolds. There was no need for stabilising agent use. The surface morphology of the treated fabrics and the reaction mechanism were characterised by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS) energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS), and scanning electron microscopic (SEM). XRD and EDS confirmed the presence of pure-phase metallic silver. Variation of reducing agent concentration allowed control over characteristic plasmon absorption of AgNP while SEM imaging, EDS, and DLS confirmed the presence of and dispersion of Ag particles, with smaller agglomerates existing with concurrent rGO use, which also coincided with enhanced AgNP loading. The composites demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity against the clinically relevant gram-negative Escherichia coli (a key causative bacterial agent of healthcare-associated infections; HAIs). The best antibacterial rate achieved for treated substrates was 100% with only a slight decrease (to 90.1%) after 12 equivalent laundering cycles of standard washing. Investigation of silver ion release behaviours through inductively coupled plasmon optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and laundering durability tests showed that AgNP adhesion was aided by the presence of the rGO host matrix allowing for robust immobilisation of silver nanostructures with relatively high stability, which offered a rapid, convenient, scalable route to conformal NP-decorated and nanocomposite soft matter coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuruzzaman Noor
- Materials Synthesis and Processing Lab, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (S.M.); (M.W.Y.); (C.Y.C.); (S.T.); (F.W.)
| | - Suhas Mutalik
- Materials Synthesis and Processing Lab, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (S.M.); (M.W.Y.); (C.Y.C.); (S.T.); (F.W.)
| | - Muhammad Waseem Younas
- Materials Synthesis and Processing Lab, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (S.M.); (M.W.Y.); (C.Y.C.); (S.T.); (F.W.)
| | - Cheuk Ying Chan
- Materials Synthesis and Processing Lab, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (S.M.); (M.W.Y.); (C.Y.C.); (S.T.); (F.W.)
| | - Suman Thakur
- Materials Synthesis and Processing Lab, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (S.M.); (M.W.Y.); (C.Y.C.); (S.T.); (F.W.)
| | - Faming Wang
- Materials Synthesis and Processing Lab, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (S.M.); (M.W.Y.); (C.Y.C.); (S.T.); (F.W.)
| | - Mian Zhi Yao
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Lee Shau Kee Building, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (M.Z.Y.); (Q.M.); (P.H.-m.L.)
| | - Qianqian Mou
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Lee Shau Kee Building, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (M.Z.Y.); (Q.M.); (P.H.-m.L.)
| | - Polly Hang-mei Leung
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Lee Shau Kee Building, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (M.Z.Y.); (Q.M.); (P.H.-m.L.)
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Silva IO, Ladchumananandasivam R, Nascimento JHO, Silva KKOS, Oliveira FR, Souto AP, Felgueiras HP, Zille A. Multifunctional Chitosan/Gold Nanoparticles Coatings for Biomedical Textiles. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9081064. [PMID: 31344942 PMCID: PMC6723569 DOI: 10.3390/nano9081064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), chemically synthesized by citrate reduction, were for the first time immobilized onto chitosan-treated soybean knitted fabric via exhaustion method. AuNPs were successfully produced in the form of highly spherical, moderated polydisperse, stable structures. Their average size was estimated at ≈35 nm. Successful immobilization of chitosan and AuNPs were confirmed by alterations in the fabric's spectrophotometric reflectance spectrum and by detection of nitrogen and gold, non-conjugated C=O stretching vibrations of carbonyl functional groups and residual N-acetyl groups characteristic bands by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. XPS analysis confirms the strong binding of AuNPs on the chitosan matrix. The fabrics' thermal stability increased with the introduction of both chitosan and AuNPs. Coated fabrics revealed an ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) of +50, which established their effectiveness in ultraviolet (UV) radiation shielding. They were also found to resist up to 5 washing cycles with low loss of immobilized AuNPs. Compared with AuNPs or chitosan alone, the combined functionalized coating on soy fabrics demonstrated an improved antimicrobial effect by reducing Staphylococcus aureus adhesion (99.94%) and Escherichia coli (96.26%). Overall, the engineered fabrics were confirmed as multifunctional, displaying attractive optical properties, UV-light protection and important antimicrobial features, that increase their interest for potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris O Silva
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59064-741, Brazil
| | | | | | - Késia Karina O S Silva
- Department of Textile Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59064-741, Brazil
| | - Fernando R Oliveira
- Department of Textile Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Blumenau, Blumenau 89036-002, Brazil
| | - António P Souto
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology, Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, Guimarães 4800-058, Portugal
| | - Helena P Felgueiras
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology, Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, Guimarães 4800-058, Portugal
| | - Andrea Zille
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology, Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, Guimarães 4800-058, Portugal.
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Functionalization of Silk with In-Situ Synthesized Platinum Nanoparticles. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11101929. [PMID: 30309006 PMCID: PMC6213640 DOI: 10.3390/ma11101929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
After platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) were in-situ synthesized on silk fabrics through heat treatment, it was determined that the treatment of the silk fabrics with PtNPs imparted multiple functions, including coloring, catalysis, and antibacterial activity. The formation of PtNPs on fabrics was affected by the Pt ion concentration, pH value of solution, and reaction temperature. Acidic condition and high temperature were found to facilitate the formation of PtNPs on silk. The color strength of silk fabrics increased with the concentration of Pt ions. The PtNP treated silk fabrics exhibited reasonably good washing color fastness and excellent rubbing color fastness. The morphologies and chemical components of the treated silk fabrics were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The PtNP treated silk fabric exhibited significant catalytic function and a notable antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli (E. coli).
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Fateixa S, Raposo M, Nogueira H, Trindade T. A general strategy to prepare SERS active filter membranes for extraction and detection of pesticides in water. Talanta 2018; 182:558-566. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ahmed HB, El-Hawary NS, Emam HE. Self-assembled AuNPs for ingrain pigmentation of silk fabrics with antibacterial potency. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 105:720-729. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gharibshahi L, Saion E, Gharibshahi E, Shaari AH, Matori KA. Influence of Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) concentration on properties of silver nanoparticles manufactured by modified thermal treatment method. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186094. [PMID: 29045414 PMCID: PMC5646761 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Very narrow and pure silver nanoparticles were synthesized by modified thermal treatment method via oxygen and nitrogen flow in succession. The structural and optical properties of the calcined silver nanoparticles at 600°C with diverse Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) concentrations varied from 2% to 4% were studied by means of different techniques. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to monitor the production of pure Ag nanoparticles at a given Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) concentration. The X-ray powder diffraction spectra are evidence for the transformation of the amorphous sample at 30°C to the cubic crystalline nanostructures at the calcination temperatures for all Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) concentrations. The transmission electron microscopy images showed the creation of spherical silver nanoparticles with the average particle size decreased by increasing Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) concentrations from 4.61 nm at 2% to 2.49 nm at 4% Poly(vinylpyrrolidone). The optical properties were investigated by means of UV-vis absorption spectrophotometer, which showed an increase in the conduction band of Ag nanoparticles with increasing Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) concentrations from 2.83 eV at 2% Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) to 2.94 eV at 4% Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) due to decreasing particle size. This was due to less attraction between conduction electrons and metal ions for smaller particle size corresponding to fewer atoms that made up the metal nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Gharibshahi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Elias Saion
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Elham Gharibshahi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Halim Shaari
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khamirul Amin Matori
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Emam HE, El-Hawary NS, Ahmed HB. Green technology for durable finishing of viscose fibers via self-formation of AuNPs. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 96:697-705. [PMID: 28049013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.12.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Sensitivity of dyes' colors to the surrounding environment causes lower durability and stability of color, which reflects the importance of durable finishing treatment. Current technique offered antimicrobial/durable finishing of viscose fibers through direct formation of AuNPs inside fibers macromolecules without using any external agents. By using the reducing properties of cellulose in viscose, Au+3 was reduced to AuNPs and CHO/OH of cellulose subsequently were oxidized to COOH. For comparison, two different media were used; aqueous and alkaline. Increasing the reactivity and accessibility of cellulose macromolecules in alkali leaded to enlargement of the reduction process and more incorporation of AuNPs. Size of AuNPs inside fiber was recorded to be in range of 22-112nm and 14-100nm, in case of using aqueous and alkaline medium, respectively. Structure and properties of fibers were not changed by treatment according to XRD and ATR-FTIR data. The treated fibers were acquired durable violet color by the action of LSPR for AuNPs and darker color obtained using higher Au+3 concentration. The treated fibers exhibited good inhibition against different pathogenic microbes including bacteria and fungi. One-pot, quite simple, inexpensive, green and industrial viable are the significant advantages of the current technique for viscose finishing (pigmentation and antimicrobial action).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam E Emam
- Pretreatment and Finishing of Cellulosic Fibers, Textile Research Division, National Research Centre, Scopus affiliation ID 60014618, 33 EL Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza 12311, Egypt.
| | - Nancy S El-Hawary
- Dyeing, Printing and Auxiliaries Department, Textile Research Division, National Research Centre, Scopus affiliation ID 60014618, 33 EL Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza 12311, Egypt
| | - Hanan B Ahmed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Ain-Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt.
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