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Zhang M, Zha X, Ma X, La Y, Guo X, Chu M, Bao P, Yan P, Wu X, Liang C. Genome-Wide Transcriptome Profiling Reveals the Mechanisms Underlying Hepatic Metabolism under Different Raising Systems in Yak. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:695. [PMID: 38473080 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Yak meat is nutritionally superior to beef cattle but has a low fat content and is slow-growing. The liver plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism, and in order to determine whether different feeding modes affect lipid metabolism in yaks and how it is regulated, we employed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology to analyze the genome-wide differential gene expression in the liver of yaks maintained under different raising systems. A total of 1663 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified (|log2FC| ≥ 0 and p-value ≤ 0.05), including 698 down-regulated and 965 up-regulated genes. According to gene ontology (GO) and KEGG enrichment analyses, these DEGs were significantly enriched in 13 GO terms and 26 pathways (p < 0.05). Some DEGs were enriched in fatty acid degradation, PPAR, PI3K-Akt, and ECM receptor pathways, which are associated with lipid metabolism. A total of 16 genes are well known to be related to lipid metabolism (e.g., APOA1, FABP1, EHHADH, FADS2, SLC27A5, ACADM, CPT1B, ACOX2, HMGCS2, PLIN5, ACAA1, IGF1, FGFR4, ALDH9A1, ECHS1, LAMA2). A total of 11 of the above genes were significantly enriched in the PPAR signaling pathway. The reliability of the transcriptomic data was verified using qRT-PCR. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms regulating yak meat quality. It shows that fattening improves the expression of genes that regulate lipid deposition in yaks and enhances meat quality. This finding will contribute to a better understanding of the various factors that determine yak meat quality and help develop strategies to improve yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xita Zha
- Qinghai Province Qilian County Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Workstation, Qilian 810400, China
| | - Xiaoming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Yongfu La
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xian Guo
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Min Chu
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Pengjia Bao
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Ping Yan
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Chunnian Liang
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
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Meng X, Wang M, Luo M, Sun L, Yan Q, Liu Y. Systematic evaluation of multiple NGS platforms for structural variants detection. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105436. [PMID: 37944616 PMCID: PMC10724692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural variations (SV) are critical genome changes affecting human diseases. Although many hybridization-based methods exist, evaluating SVs through next-generation sequencing (NGS) data is still necessary for broader research exploration. Here, we comprehensively compared the performance of 16 SV callers and multiple NGS platforms using NA12878 whole genome sequencing (WGS) datasets. The results indicated that several SV callers performed well relatively, such as Manta, GRIDSS, LUMPY, TARDIS, FermiKit, and Wham. Meanwhile, all NGS platforms have a similar performance using a single software. Additionally, we found that the source of undetected SVs was mostly from long reads datasets, therefore, the more appropriate strategy for accurate SV detection will be an integration of long and shorter reads in the future. At present, in the period of NGS as a mainstream method in bioinformatics, our study would provide helpful and comprehensive guidelines for specific categories of SV research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Meng
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Research Cooperation Department, GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingjie Luo
- Research Cooperation Department, GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Research Cooperation Department, GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qin Yan
- Research Cooperation Department, GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- Research Cooperation Department, GeneMind Biosciences Company Limited, Shenzhen, China.
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Qi Z, Xu Y, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Mei J, Wang D. Transcriptome analysis of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) challenged with LPS and polyI:C. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 133:108534. [PMID: 36649809 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) is a worldwide commercially important aquatic species. In recent years, pathogenic diseases cause great economic losses and hinder the industry of largemouth bass. To further understand the immune response against pathogens in largemouth bass, splenic transcriptome libraries of largemouth bass were respectively constructed at 12 h post-challenged with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (polyI:C) by using RNA sequencing technology (RNA-seq). RNA libraries were constructed using 9 RNA splenic samples isolated from three biological replicates of the three groups and sequenced on the DNBSEQ platform. A total number of 86,306 unigenes were obtained. Through pairwise comparisons among the three groups, we identified 11,295 different expression genes (DEGs) exhibiting significant differences at the transcript level. There were 7, 7, and 13 signal pathways were significantly enriched in LPS-PBS comparison, polyI:C-PBS comparison, and LPS-polyI:C comparison, respectively, indicating that the immune response to different pathogens was distinct in largemouth bass. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the immune response of largemouth bass against different pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) stimuli using transcriptomic analysis. Our results provide a valuable resource and new insights to understanding the immune characteristics of largemouth bass against different pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology of Marine Wetland, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, 224051, China.
| | - Yang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology of Marine Wetland, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, 224051, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yuhao Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology of Marine Wetland, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, 224051, China
| | - Qihuan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology of Marine Wetland, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, 224051, China
| | - Zisheng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology of Marine Wetland, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, 224051, China
| | - Jie Mei
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430070, China
| | - Dezhong Wang
- Sheyang Kangyu Aquatic Products Technology Co., Ltd, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, 224300, China
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Zhang X, Xie Y, Xu K, Chang H, Zhang X, Li Y. Comprehensive Genetic Analysis Unraveled the Missing Heritability in a Chinese Cohort With Wolfram Syndrome 1: Clinical and Genetic Findings. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:9. [PMID: 36098976 PMCID: PMC9482318 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.10.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To identify the missing heritability of patients with Wolfram syndrome 1 (WFS1) in a Chinese cohort and to report their clinical and genetic features. Methods We recruited 24 unrelated patients with suspected WFS1 who carried at least one variant in WFS1. All patients underwent ophthalmic examinations and comprehensive molecular genetic analyses, including Sanger-DNA sequencing of WFS1 and next-generation sequencing of the whole WFS1 sequence. Results We identified 38 distinct pathogenic variants of WFS1 in the 24 probands, comprising 23 patients with biallelic variants and one patient with a monoallelic variant. Sanger-DNA sequencing of WFS1 initially detected 35 variants, and subsequent whole genome sequencing revealed three missing variants: one novel deep intronic variant (DIV), one copy number variant (CNV), and one variant in the promoter region. Minigene assays showed that the DIV activated cryptic splice sites, leading to the insertion of pseudoexons. Optic atrophy was observed in all patients, and diabetes mellitus (DM) was revealed in 21 patients (91.3%), hearing loss in nine patients (39.1%), renal tract abnormalities in nine patients (39.1%), and diabetes insipidus in five patients (21.7%). The mean onset age for DM was significantly younger in the patients with biallelic null variants than in the patients with biallelic missense variants. Conclusions Our results extend the pathogenic variant spectrum of WFS1. DIVs and CNVs explained rare unresolved Chinese cases with WFS1. The patients showed a wide and variable clinical spectrum, supporting the importance of genetic analysis for patients with atypical WFS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab. Beijing, China
| | - Yue Xie
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab. Beijing, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab. Beijing, China
| | - Haoyu Chang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab. Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab. Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab. Beijing, China
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Li T, Jin M, Fei X, Yuan Z, Wang Y, Quan K, Wang T, Yang J, He M, Wei C. Transcriptome Comparison Reveals the Difference in Liver Fat Metabolism between Different Sheep Breeds. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12131650. [PMID: 35804549 PMCID: PMC9265030 DOI: 10.3390/ani12131650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hu sheep and Tibetan sheep are two commonly raised local sheep breeds in China, and they have different morphological characteristics, such as tail type and adaptability to extreme environments. A fat tail in sheep is the main adipose depot in sheep, whereas the liver is an important organ for fat metabolism, with the uptake, esterification, oxidation, and secretion of fatty acids (FAs). Meanwhile, adaptations to high-altitude and arid environments also affect liver metabolism. Therefore, in this study, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technology was used to characterize the difference in liver fat metabolism between Hu sheep and Tibetan sheep. We identified 1179 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (Q-value < 0.05) between the two sheep breeds, including 25 fat-metabolism-related genes. Through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, 16 pathways were significantly enriched (Q-value < 0.05), such as the proteasome, glutamatergic synapse, and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. In particular, one of these pathways was enriched to be associated with fat metabolism, namely the thermogenesis pathway, to which fat-metabolism-related genes such as ACSL1, ACSL4, ACSL5, CPT1A, CPT1C, SLC25A20, and FGF21 were enriched. Then, the expression levels of ACSL1, CPT1A, and FGF21 were verified in mRNA and protein levels via qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis between the two sheep breeds. The results showed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of these three genes were higher in the livers of Tibetan sheep than those of Hu sheep. The above genes are mainly related to FAs oxidation, involved in regulating the oxidation of liver FAs. So, this study suggested that Tibetan sheep liver has a greater FAs oxidation level than Hu sheep liver. In addition, the significant enrichment of fat-metabolism-related genes in the thermogenesis pathway appears to be related to plateau-adaptive thermogenesis in Tibetan sheep, which may indicate that liver- and fat-metabolism-related genes have an impact on adaptive thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (T.L.); (M.J.); (X.F.)
| | - Meilin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (T.L.); (M.J.); (X.F.)
| | - Xiaojuan Fei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (T.L.); (M.J.); (X.F.)
| | - Zehu Yuan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Yuqin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China;
| | - Kai Quan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
| | - Tingpu Wang
- College of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui 741000, China;
| | - Junxiang Yang
- Gansu Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Pingliang 744000, China; (J.Y.); (M.H.)
| | - Maochang He
- Gansu Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Pingliang 744000, China; (J.Y.); (M.H.)
| | - Caihong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (T.L.); (M.J.); (X.F.)
- Correspondence:
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Yu H, Liu M, Yin M, Shan T, Peng H, Wang J, Chang X, Peng D, Zha L, Gui S. Transcriptome analysis identifies putative genes involved in triterpenoid biosynthesis in Platycodon grandiflorus. PLANTA 2021; 254:34. [PMID: 34291354 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03677-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive transcriptome analysis of different Platycodon grandiflorus tissues discovered genes related to triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis. Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC. (P. grandiflorus), a traditional Chinese medicine, contains considerable triterpenoid saponins with broad pharmacological activities. Triterpenoid saponins are the major components of P. grandiflorus. Here, single-molecule real-time and next-generation sequencing technologies were combined to comprehensively analyse the transcriptome and identify genes involved in triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis in P. grandiflorus. We quantified four saponins in P. grandiflorus and found that their total content was highest in the roots and lowest in the stems and leaves. A total of 173,354 non-redundant transcripts were generated from the PacBio platform, and three full-length transcripts of β-amyrin synthase, the key synthase of β-amyrin, were identified. A total of 132,610 clean reads obtained from the DNBSEQ platform were utilised to explore key genes related to the triterpenoid saponin biosynthetic pathway in P. grandiflorus, and 96 differentially expressed genes were selected as candidates. The expression levels of these genes were verified by quantitative real-time PCR. Our reliable transcriptome data provide valuable information on the related biosynthesis pathway and may provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis in P. grandiflorus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Mengli Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Minzhen Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Tingyu Shan
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Huasheng Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit (No. 2019RU057), National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jutao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Xiangwei Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Liangping Zha
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
- Institute of Conservation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
| | - Shuangying Gui
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
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Jeon SA, Park JL, Park SJ, Kim JH, Goh SH, Han JY, Kim SY. Comparison between MGI and Illumina sequencing platforms for whole genome sequencing. Genes Genomics 2021; 43:713-724. [PMID: 33864614 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01096-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Illumina next generation sequencing (NGS) systems are the major sequencing platform in worldwide next-generation sequencing market. On the other hand, MGI Tech launched a series of new NGS equipment that promises to deliver high-quality sequencing data faster and at lower prices than Illumina's sequencing instruments. OBJECTIVE In this study, we compared the performance of the two platform's major sequencing instruments-Illumina's NovaSeq 6000 and MGI's MGISEQ-2000 and DNBSEQ-T7-to test whether the MGISEQ-2000 and DNBSEQ-T7 sequencing instruments are also suitable for whole genome sequencing. METHODS We sequenced two pairs of normal and tumor tissues from Korean lung cancer patients using the three platforms. Then, we called single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and insertion and deletion (indels) for somatic and germline variants to compare the performance among the three platforms. RESULTS In quality control analysis, all of the three platforms showed high-quality scores and deep coverages. Comparison among the three platforms revealed that MGISEQ-2000 is most concordant with NovaSeq 6000 for germline SNVs and indels, and DNBSEQ-T7 is most concordant with NovaSeq 6000 for somatic SNVs and indels. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the performances of the MGISEQ-2000 and DNBSEQ-T7 platforms are comparable to that of the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform and support the potential applicability of the MGISEQ-2000 and DNBSEQ-T7 platforms in actual genome analysis fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol A Jeon
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, 34141, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, 34113, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jong Lyul Park
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, 34141, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Jin Park
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, 34141, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, 34113, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jeong Hwan Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, 34141, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Goh
- National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Youn Han
- National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Young Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, 34141, Daejeon, South Korea. .,Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, 34113, Daejeon, South Korea.
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