1
|
Wolf M, Greve C, Schell T, Janke A, Schmitt T, Pauls SU, Aspöck H, Aspöck U. The de novo genome of the Black-necked Snakefly (Venustoraphidia nigricollis Albarda, 1891): A resource to study the evolution of living fossils. J Hered 2024; 115:112-119. [PMID: 37988623 PMCID: PMC10838129 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esad074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Snakeflies (Raphidioptera) are the smallest order of holometabolous insects that have kept their distinct and name-giving appearance since the Mesozoic, probably since the Jurassic, and possibly even since their emergence in the Carboniferous, more than 300 million years ago. Despite their interesting nature and numerous publications on their morphology, taxonomy, systematics, and biogeography, snakeflies have never received much attention from the general public, and only a few studies were devoted to their molecular biology. Due to this lack of molecular data, it is therefore unknown, if the conserved morphological nature of these living fossils translates to conserved genomic structures. Here, we present the first genome of the species and of the entire order of Raphidioptera. The final genome assembly has a total length of 669 Mbp and reached a high continuity with an N50 of 5.07 Mbp. Further quality controls also indicate a high completeness and no meaningful contamination. The newly generated data was used in a large-scaled phylogenetic analysis of snakeflies using shared orthologous sequences. Quartet score and gene concordance analyses revealed high amounts of conflicting signals within this group that might speak for substantial incomplete lineage sorting and introgression after their presumed re-radiation after the asteroid impact 66 million years ago. Overall, this reference genome will be a door-opening dataset for many future research applications, and we demonstrated its utility in a phylogenetic analysis that provides new insights into the evolution of this group of living fossils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Wolf
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Carola Greve
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- LOEWE-Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tilman Schell
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- LOEWE-Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Axel Janke
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- LOEWE-Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitt
- Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, Müncheberg, Germany
- Entomology and Biogeography, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Steffen U Pauls
- LOEWE-Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Insects Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Horst Aspöck
- Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Medical Parasitology, Medical University of Vienna (MUW), Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrike Aspöck
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Entomology, Natural History Museum Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Brubacher JL. Female Germline Cysts in Animals: Evolution and Function. Results Probl Cell Differ 2024; 71:23-46. [PMID: 37996671 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-37936-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Germline cysts are syncytia formed by incomplete cytokinesis of mitotic germline precursors (cystoblasts) in which the cystocytes are interconnected by cytoplasmic bridges, permitting the sharing of molecules and organelles. Among animals, such cysts are a nearly universal feature of spermatogenesis and are also often involved in oogenesis. Recent, elegant studies have demonstrated remarkable similarities in the oogenic cysts of mammals and insects, leading to proposals of widespread conservation of these features among animals. Unfortunately, such claims obscure the well-described diversity of female germline cysts in animals and ignore major taxa in which female germline cysts appear to be absent. In this review, I explore the phylogenetic patterns of oogenic cysts in the animal kingdom, with a focus on the hexapods as an informative example of a clade in which such cysts have been lost, regained, and modified in various ways. My aim is to build on the fascinating insights of recent comparative studies, by calling for a more nuanced view of evolutionary conservation. Female germline cysts in the Metazoa are an example of a phenomenon that-though essential for the continuance of many, diverse animal lineages-nevertheless exhibits intriguing patterns of evolutionary innovation, loss, and convergence.
Collapse
|
3
|
Li D, Jandausch K, Pohl H, Yavorskaya MI, Liu X, Beutel RG. Cephalic anatomy highlights morphological adaptation to underground habitats in a minute lacewing larva of Dilar (Dilaridae) and conflicting phylogenetic signal in Neuroptera. INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 30:1445-1463. [PMID: 36692245 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Dilaridae are a distinctive and phylogenetically ambiguous neuropteran family. So far, the anatomy of the immature stages remains largely unknown. We examined the 1st instar larvae of Dilar montanus in detail and present results of live observations for the first time. The minute, cryptic larvae display features correlated with their underground lifestyle: for instance, a strongly flattened head, stout antennae, eyelessness, and burrowing forelegs. In contrast to molecular data, several characters suggest a 'dilarid clade' combining Dilaridae with Mantispoidea, for instance a very thin and curved or reduced tentorial bridge, and an elongated postmentum. We found intrinsic antennal muscles and Johnston's organ, the first record of these structures in holometabolous larvae. This proves that the first 2 larval antennomeres are homologous with the scapus and pedicellus. The described characters are discussed and analyzed with an updated matrix of neuropteran larval characters. Alternative scenarios of character evolution are presented. Additionally, we show how the 1st-instar larvae move and feed in the substrate, and also provide a high-resolution video recording of the function of the elongate tubular ovipositor and the egg-laying behavior in an adult female under natural conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Li
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Kenny Jandausch
- Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Albert Ludwig University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hans Pohl
- Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Xingyue Liu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Rolf G Beutel
- Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mengel L, Linhart S, Haug GT, Weiterschan T, Müller P, Hoffeins C, Hoffeins HW, Baranov V, Haug C, Haug JT. The Morphological Diversity of Dragon Lacewing Larvae (Nevrorthidae, Neuroptera) Changed More over Geological Time Scales Than Anticipated. INSECTS 2023; 14:749. [PMID: 37754717 PMCID: PMC10649721 DOI: 10.3390/insects14090749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Nevrorthidae, the group of dragon lacewings, has often been considered a relic group. Today, dragon lacewings show a scattered distribution, with some species occurring in southern Europe, Japan, Australia, and one in China. The idea that this distribution is only a remnant of an originally larger distribution is further supported by fossils of the group preserved in ambers from the Baltic region (Eocene, ca. 35-40 MaBP) and Myanmar (Kachin amber, Cretaceous, ca. 100 MaBP). Larvae of the group are slender and elongated and live mostly in water. Yet, larvae are in fact very rare. So far, only slightly more than 30 larval specimens, counting all extant and fossil larvae, have been depicted in the literature. Here, we report numerous additional specimens, including extant larvae, but also fossil ones from Baltic and Kachin amber. Together with the already known ones, this sums up to over 100 specimens. We analysed quantitative aspects of the morphology of these larvae and compared them over time to identify changes in the diversity. Despite the enriched sample size, the data set is still unbalanced, with, for example, newly hatched larvae (several dozen specimens) only known from the Eocene. We expected little change in larval morphology over geological time, as indicated by earlier studies. However, on the contrary, we recognised morphologies present in fossils that are now extinct. This result is similar to those for other groups of lacewings which have a relic distribution today, as these have also suffered a loss in diversity in larval forms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mengel
- Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; (L.M.); (S.L.); (G.T.H.); (J.T.H.)
| | - Simon Linhart
- Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; (L.M.); (S.L.); (G.T.H.); (J.T.H.)
| | - Gideon T. Haug
- Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; (L.M.); (S.L.); (G.T.H.); (J.T.H.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Viktor Baranov
- Estación Biológica de Doñana-CSIC, 41092 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Carolin Haug
- Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; (L.M.); (S.L.); (G.T.H.); (J.T.H.)
- GeoBio-Center at LMU, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 München, Germany
| | - Joachim T. Haug
- Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; (L.M.); (S.L.); (G.T.H.); (J.T.H.)
- GeoBio-Center at LMU, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 München, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Haug C, Braig F, Haug JT. Quantitative analysis of lacewing larvae over more than 100 million years reveals a complex pattern of loss of morphological diversity. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6127. [PMID: 37059818 PMCID: PMC10104811 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32103-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of biodiversity and especially insect decline are widely recognised in modern ecosystems. This decline has an enormous impact due to the crucial ecological roles of insects as well as their economic relevance. For comparison, the fossil record can provide important insights on past biodiversity losses. One group of insects, for which a significant decline over the last 100 million years has often been postulated, but not demonstrated quantitatively, is Neuroptera (lacewings). Many adult lacewings are pollinators, while the larvae are mostly predators, which becomes very obvious from their prominent stylet-like mouthparts. We investigated the fossil record of larvae of all neuropteran lineages as well as a large share of extant neuropteran larvae. Based on these, we performed an outline analysis of the head with stylets. This analysis provides a quantitative frame for recognising the decline of lacewings since the Cretaceous, indicating also a severe loss of ecological roles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Haug
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- GeoBio-Center at LMU, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333, München, Germany
| | - Florian Braig
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Joachim T Haug
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
- GeoBio-Center at LMU, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333, München, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Du X, Niu K, Bao T. Giant Jurassic dragon lacewing larvae with lacustrine palaeoecology represent the oldest fossil record of larval neuropterans. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20222500. [PMID: 36787796 PMCID: PMC9928527 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.2500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropterans seem to be less specious among holometabolans, while they are in fact the relicts of a diverse group from the Mesozoic era. Their early radiation resulted in great family level morphological heterogeneity of extant neuropterans, especially of their larvae. The earliest previously reported fossil larvae of this group were from the Early Cretaceous, where they already showed high taxonomic diversity and an extremely wide range of variations in morphotypes. In this work, the earliest record of the larva of the neuropteran Palaeoneurorthus baii gen. et sp. nov. from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou Beds of China is described. The larvae, which have large and elongated bodies, straight stylets with curved apices, an extremely elongated cervix and an extended anterior lobe of pronotum, are placed in Nevrorthidae. The elongated cervix is probably a specialized adaptation for hunting small organisms. The palaeoenvironment of these larvae indicates that larvae of Nevrorthidae have exhibited stable aquatic ecology since the Middle Jurassic, and underwent a possible shift from lakes to more lotic yet constricted modern mountain rivulet habitats over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuheng Du
- School of Ecology/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Kecheng Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361105, People's Republic of China
- Yingliang Stone Natural History Museum, Nan'an 362300, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Bao
- School of Ecology/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hassenbach C, Buchner L, Haug GT, Haug C, Haug JT. An Expanded View on the Morphological Diversity of Long-Nosed Antlion Larvae Further Supports a Decline of Silky Lacewings in the Past 100 Million Years. INSECTS 2023; 14:170. [PMID: 36835743 PMCID: PMC9966087 DOI: 10.3390/insects14020170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lacewings have been suggested to be a relict group. This means that the group of lacewings, Neuroptera, should have been more diverse in the past, which also applies to many ingroups of Neuroptera. Psychopsidae, the group of silky lacewings, is one of the ingroups of Neuroptera which is relatively species-poor in the modern fauna. Larvae of the group Psychopsidae, long-nosed antlions, can be easily identified as such in being larvae of antlion-like lacewings without teeth in their stylets (=compound structure of mandible and maxilla), with empodia (=attachment structures on legs) and with a prominent forward-protruding labrum. Therefore, such larvae can also be recognised in the fossil record. An earlier study demonstrated a decline in the morphological diversity of long-nosed antlion larvae over the past 100 million years. Here, we report several dozen new long-nosed antlion larvae and expand the earlier quantitative study. Our results further corroborate the decline of silky lacewings. Yet, a lack of an indication of saturation indicates that we have still not approached the original diversity of long-nosed antlions in the Cretaceous.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Colin Hassenbach
- Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Laura Buchner
- Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Gideon T. Haug
- Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Carolin Haug
- Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- GeoBio-Center at LMU, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim T. Haug
- Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- GeoBio-Center at LMU, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shen R, Aspöck H, Aspöck U, Plant J, Dai Y, Liu X. Unraveling the evolutionary history of the snakefly family Inocelliidae (Insecta: Raphidioptera) through integrative phylogenetics. Cladistics 2022; 38:515-537. [PMID: 35349190 DOI: 10.1111/cla.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Inocelliidae is one of the two extant families of the holometabolan order Raphidioptera (snakeflies), with the modern fauna represented by seven genera and 44 species. The evolutionary history of the family is little-known. Here we present the first phylogenetic and biogeographical analyses based on a worldwide sampling of taxa and datasets combined with morphological characters and mitochondrial genomes, aiming to investigate the intergeneric phylogeny and historical biogeography of Inocelliidae. The phylogenetic inference from the combined analysis of morphological and molecular data recovered the sister-group relationship between a clade of (Negha + Indianoinocellia) + Sininocellia and a clade of Fibla + the Inocellia clade (interiorly nested by Amurinocellia and Parainocellia). Amurinocellia stat.r. and Parainocellia stat.r. et emend.n. are relegated to subgeneric status within Inocellia, whereas a newly erected subgenus of Inocellia, Epinocellia subgen.n., accommodates the former Parainocellia burmana (U. Aspöck and H. Aspöck, 1968) plus a new species Inocellia (Epinocellia) weii sp.n. Further, the Inocellia crassicornis group constitutes the nominotypical subgenus Inocellia stat.n., but the Inocellia fulvostigmata group is paraphyletic. Diversification within Inocelliidae is distinguished by an Eocene divergence leading to extant genera and a Miocene radiation of species. A biogeographical scenario depicts how the diverse inocelliid fauna from East Asia could have originated from western North America via dispersal across the Beringia during the early Tertiary, and how the Miocene ancestors of Inocellia could have accomplished long-distance dispersals via the Tibet-Himalayan corridor or eastern Palaearctic to western Palaearctic. Our results shed new light specifically on the evolution of Inocelliidae and, in general, the Raphidioptera.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Shen
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Horst Aspöck
- Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Medical Parasitology, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Ulrike Aspöck
- Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Zweite Zoologische Abteilung, Burgring 7, Vienna, A-1010, Austria.,Unit for Integrative Zoology, Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, Vienna, A-1030, Austria
| | - John Plant
- Unit for Integrative Zoology, Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, Vienna, A-1030, Austria
| | - Yuting Dai
- Wujiang Customs, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215200, China
| | - Xingyue Liu
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Niu G, Budak M, Korkmaz EM, Doğan Ö, Nel A, Wan S, Cai C, Jouault C, Li M, Wei M. Phylogenomic Analyses of the Tenthredinoidea Support the Familial Rank of Athaliidae (Insecta, Tenthredinoidea). INSECTS 2022; 13:858. [PMID: 36292806 PMCID: PMC9604231 DOI: 10.3390/insects13100858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The systematic status of the genus Athalia and related genera is a perennial controversy in sawfly taxonomy. Several authors have hypothesized that the placement of Athalia within the Tenthredinidae is artificial, but no studies have focused on this topic. If the hypothesis that Athalia does not belong to Tenthredinidae can be supported, the taxonomic framework of Tenthredinoidea needs revision. We present a comprehensive phylogenomic study of Tenthredinoidae, focusing on the positions of Athalia and related genera by sampling 80 representatives mainly of the Tenthredinoidea, including Heptamelinae and Blasticotomidae. Our phylogenetic reconstructions based on nuclear genes and mitochondrial (mt) sequences support Athalia and related genera as a distinct clade sister to Tenthredinidae + (Cimbicidae + Diprionidae). A comparison of symphytan mitochondrial genomes reveals an innovative gene rearrangement pattern in Athaliidae, in which Dentathalia demonstrates a more ancestral pattern than Athalia and Hypsathalia. The lineage specificity of mt rRNA secondary structures also provides sufficient support to consider Athaliidae as a separate family. In summary, the phylogeny and genomic structural changes unanimously support the taxonomic treatment of Athaliidae as a family and the re-establishment of Dentathalia as a valid genus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gengyun Niu
- Laboratory of Insect Systematics and Evolutionary Biology, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Mahir Budak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58140, Turkey
| | - Ertan Mahir Korkmaz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58140, Turkey
| | - Özgül Doğan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58140, Turkey
| | - André Nel
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, CP50, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Siying Wan
- Laboratory of Insect Systematics and Evolutionary Biology, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Chenyang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Centre for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Corentin Jouault
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, CP50, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, F-35000 Rennes, France
- CNRS, Institut des Sciences de l’Évolution de Montpellier, UMR 5554, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Min Li
- Laboratory of Insect Systematics and Evolutionary Biology, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Meicai Wei
- Laboratory of Insect Systematics and Evolutionary Biology, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Haug JT, Haug C. 100 Million-year-old straight-jawed lacewing larvae with enormously inflated trunks represent the oldest cases of extreme physogastry in insects. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12760. [PMID: 35882894 PMCID: PMC9325756 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16698-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Physogastry is a phenomenon occurring in Euarthropoda and describes an extreme inflation of (parts of) the trunk. It is best known from ticks, termite queens, or honey-pot ants, but can also be found in several other representatives of Euarthropoda. Physogastry has so far rarely been seen in the fossil record. We describe here an example of physogastry in two lacewing larvae (Neuroptera) enclosed in a single piece of Kachin amber (ca. 100 Ma old). We measured head and trunk ratios of different physogastric and non-physogastric representatives of Euarthropoda. Plotting these ratios shows that the new larvae, which display quite extremely inflated trunks, are very similar to ticks or honey-pot ants, but also to certain lacewing larvae of the group Berothidae (beaded lacewings). Outline analysis of head capsule and mouthparts (stylets) further suggests a position within Berothidae. Physogastry is presumed to be linked with living in confined spaces such as wood galleries or soil. Indeed, at least some larvae of Berothidae are known to live inside termite nests for part of their larval life phase, a habit the new larvae may also have had. The new record represents the oldest case of extreme physogastry in insects known to date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim T Haug
- Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany. .,GeoBio-Center at LMU, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333, Munich, Germany.
| | - Carolin Haug
- Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.,GeoBio-Center at LMU, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wu J, Zheng Y, Liu X. Phylogenetic implications of the complete mitochondrial genome of Ogcogastersegmentator (Westwood, 1847) and first record of the genus Ogcogaster Westwood, 1847 from China (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae, Ascalaphinae). Biodivers Data J 2022; 10:e85742. [PMID: 36761650 PMCID: PMC9848574 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.10.e85742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The genus Ogcogaster Westwood, 1847, which is endemic to the Oriental Region and contains only five species, has been recorded in India and Pakistan, but not in China. The genus was not sampled in any previous study on the phylogeny of Neuroptera and its affinity within Ascalaphinae is unclear. New information The owlfly species Ogcogastersegmentator (Westwood, 1847) is firstly recorded from China, based on a female specimen collected from Yunnan Province, which represents the first record of the genus Ogcogaster from China. The complete mitochondrial genome of this species is first sequenced and described. The phylogenetic analysis, based on all 13 PCGs and two rRNA genes of the owlfly mitogenomes determined so far, assigned O.segmentator into a monophyletic group with Libelloidesmacaronius (Scopoli, 1763) and Ascalohybrissubjacens (Walker, 1853).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Wu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yuchen Zheng
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xingyue Liu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang S, Yang Y, Chen J, Liu L, Cao Z, Xie S. A new species of beaded lacewings (Neuroptera, Berothidae) from mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber. Zookeys 2022; 1092:93-104. [PMID: 35586296 PMCID: PMC9005459 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1092.79396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A new species of Berothidae, Jersiberotha musivum sp. nov., is described and illustrated from mid-Cretaceous (lowest Cenomanian) Myanmar amber. It is easily distinguished from other species of Berothidae by the configuration of the wing venation including: forewing with distinct areas of infuscation surrounding cross-veins and vein forks, all cross-veins simple prior to ScP-RA fusion, presence of two cross-veins ra-rp; absence of inner or outer graduate series of cross-veins; RP with three branches; and absence of ma-mp cross-veins and cua-cup cross-veins; while hind wing has cross-vein 1r-m absent. The previous diagnoses of Iceloberotha Grimaldi, 2000 and Jersiberotha Grimaldi, 2000 are quite unclear because some characters occur mosaically in both genera. In order to solve this problem and distinguish J. musivum from other species in the family, a new key to species of Berothidae from Myanmar amber has been provided and the diagnoses of Iceloberotha and Jersiberotha have been revised.
Collapse
|
13
|
The Diversity of Aphidlion-like Larvae over the Last 130 Million Years. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13040336. [PMID: 35447779 PMCID: PMC9030806 DOI: 10.3390/insects13040336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary The larvae of green lacewings and brown lacewings are called ‘aphidlions’, as they consume aphids. They play also an economic role as biological pest control. Aphidlions have, mostly, elongated spindle-shaped bodies, and similarly to most lacewing larvae, they possess a pair of venom-injecting compound jaws, also called stylets. Fossils that have been interpreted as aphidlions are known from amber of different ages (about 130, 100, 35, and 15 million years old). In this study, new aphidlion-like larvae are reported from about 100 million-year-old amber from Myanmar and about 35 million-year-old Baltic amber. The shapes of head and stylets were compared between the different time slices. With the newly described fossils and specimens from the literature, a total of 361 specimens could be included in the analysis: 78 fossil larvae, 188 extant larvae of brown lacewings, and 95 extant larvae of green lacewings. The results indicate that the diversity of head shapes stays about the same over time besides a certain increase in diversity of the head shapes in brown lacewing larvae. In certain other lacewings, a distinct decrease in the diversity of head shapes was observed in the larvae. Abstract Aphidlions are larvae of certain lacewings (Neuroptera), and more precisely larvae of the groups Chrysopidae, green lacewings, and Hemerobiidae, brown lacewings. The name ‘aphidlion’ originates from their ecological function as specialised predators of aphids. Accordingly, they also play an economic role as biological pest control. Aphidlions have, mostly, elongated spindle-shaped bodies, and similarly to most lacewing larvae they are equipped with a pair of venom-injecting stylets. Fossils interpreted as aphidlions are known to be preserved in amber from the Cretaceous (130 and 100 million years ago), the Eocene (about 35 million years ago) and the Miocene (about 15 million years ago) ages. In this study, new aphidlion-like larvae are reported from Cretaceous amber from Myanmar (about 100 million years old) and Eocene Baltic amber. The shapes of head and stylets were compared between the different time slices. With the newly described fossils and specimens from the literature, a total of 361 specimens could be included in the analysis: 70 specimens from the Cretaceous, 5 from the Eocene, 3 from the Miocene, 188 extant larvae of Chrysopidae, and 95 extant larvae of Hemerobiidae. The results indicate that the diversity of head shapes remains largely unchanged over time, yet there is a certain increase in the diversity of head shapes in the larvae of Hemerobiidae. In certain other groups of Neuroptera, a distinct decrease in the diversity of head shapes in larval stages was observed.
Collapse
|
14
|
Machado RJP, Martins CC, Aspöck H, De Miranda Tavares LG, Aspöck U. The first cave associated genus of Berothidae (Insecta: Neuroptera), and a new interpretation of the subfamily Cyrenoberothinae. Zool J Linn Soc 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A new genus of Berothidae (Neuroptera), Speleoberotha gen. nov., with two new species from Brazil, Speleoberotha mineira sp. nov. and Speleoberotha palomae sp. nov., are herein presented. These are the first cave-associated species of Berothidae ever recorded. The new genus shares some characters with the two extant genera of the subfamily Cyrenoberothinae, Cyrenoberotha and Manselliberotha, and other characters are shared with three fossil genera, Microberotha, Protoberotha and Sibelliberotha. This intermediate nature of the new genus was reinforced by the phylogenetic analyses presented here, which recovered Speleoberotha gen. nov. as sister to Sibelliberotha but closely associated with the extant Cyrenoberothinae. In this sense, a new concept of the subfamily Cyrenoberothinae is presented here, now including Speleoberotha gen. nov. and the three fossil genera together with Cyrenoberotha and Manselliberotha. We discuss the biogeographical history of the new concept of Cyrenoberothinae, suggesting that the clade originated in Gondwana. We also provide an identification key for the genera of Cyrenoberothinae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Caleb Califre Martins
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Horst Aspöck
- Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Ulrike Aspöck
- Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Zweite Zoologische Abteilung and Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Karmeinski D, Meusemann K, Goodheart JA, Schroedl M, Martynov A, Korshunova T, Wägele H, Donath A. Transcriptomics provides a robust framework for the relationships of the major clades of cladobranch sea slugs (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Heterobranchia), but fails to resolve the position of the enigmatic genus Embletonia. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:226. [PMID: 34963462 PMCID: PMC8895541 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01944-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The soft-bodied cladobranch sea slugs represent roughly half of the biodiversity of marine nudibranch molluscs on the planet. Despite their global distribution from shallow waters to the deep sea, from tropical into polar seas, and their important role in marine ecosystems and for humans (as targets for drug discovery), the evolutionary history of cladobranch sea slugs is not yet fully understood. Results To enlarge the current knowledge on the phylogenetic relationships, we generated new transcriptome data for 19 species of cladobranch sea slugs and two additional outgroup taxa (Berthella plumula and Polycera quadrilineata). We complemented our taxon sampling with previously published transcriptome data, resulting in a final data set covering 56 species from all but one accepted cladobranch superfamilies. We assembled all transcriptomes using six different assemblers, selecting those assemblies that provided the largest amount of potentially phylogenetically informative sites. Quality-driven compilation of data sets resulted in four different supermatrices: two with full coverage of genes per species (446 and 335 single-copy protein-coding genes, respectively) and two with a less stringent coverage (667 genes with 98.9% partition coverage and 1767 genes with 86% partition coverage, respectively). We used these supermatrices to infer statistically robust maximum-likelihood trees. All analyses, irrespective of the data set, indicate maximal statistical support for all major splits and phylogenetic relationships at the family level. Besides the questionable position of Noumeaella rubrofasciata, rendering the Facelinidae as polyphyletic, the only notable discordance between the inferred trees is the position of Embletonia pulchra. Extensive testing using Four-cluster Likelihood Mapping, Approximately Unbiased tests, and Quartet Scores revealed that its position is not due to any informative phylogenetic signal, but caused by confounding signal. Conclusions Our data matrices and the inferred trees can serve as a solid foundation for future work on the taxonomy and evolutionary history of Cladobranchia. The placement of E. pulchra, however, proves challenging, even with large data sets and various optimization strategies. Moreover, quartet mapping results show that confounding signal present in the data is sufficient to explain the inferred position of E. pulchra, again leaving its phylogenetic position as an enigma. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12862-021-01944-0.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Karmeinski
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change/ZFMK, Museum Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karen Meusemann
- Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change/ZFMK, Museum Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113, Bonn, Germany.,Australian National Insect Collection, National Research Collections Australia, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), National Facilities and Collections, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Jessica A Goodheart
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Michael Schroedl
- SNSB-Bavarian State Collection of Zoology, Münchhausenstr. 21, 81247, Munich, Germany.,GeoBioCenter LMU und Biozentrum, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Alexander Martynov
- Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University, Bolshaya Nikitskaya Str. 6, 125009, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Korshunova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Vavilova Str. 26, 119334, Moscow, Russia
| | - Heike Wägele
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change/ZFMK, Museum Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Donath
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change/ZFMK, Museum Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113, Bonn, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jiang Y, Yue L, Yang F, Gillung JP, Winterton SL, Price BW, Contreras-Ramos A, Hayashi F, Aspöck U, Aspöck H, Yeates DK, Yang D, Liu X. Similar pattern, different paths: tracing the biogeographical history of Megaloptera (Insecta: Neuropterida) using mitochondrial phylogenomics. Cladistics 2021; 38:374-391. [PMID: 34818432 DOI: 10.1111/cla.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The sequential breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea since the Middle Jurassic is one of the crucial factors that has driven the biogeographical patterns of terrestrial biotas. Despite decades of effort searching for concordant patterns between diversification and continental fragmentation among taxonomic groups, increasing evidence has revealed more complex and idiosyncratic scenarios resulting from a mixture of vicariance, dispersal and extinction. Aquatic insects with discreet ecological requirements, low vagility and disjunct distributions represent a valuable model for testing biogeographical hypotheses by reconstructing their distribution patterns and temporal divergences. Insects of the order Megaloptera have exclusively aquatic larvae, their adults have low vagility, and the group has a highly disjunct geographical distribution. Here we present a comprehensive phylogeny of Megaloptera based on a large-scale mitochondrial genome sequencing of 99 species representing >90% of the world genera from all major biogeographical regions. Molecular dating suggests that the deep divergence within Megaloptera pre-dates the breakup of Pangaea. Subsequently, the intergeneric divergences within Corydalinae (dobsonflies), Chauliodinae (fishflies) and Sialidae (alderflies) might have been driven by both vicariance and dispersal correlated with the shifting continent during the Cretaceous, but with strikingly different and incongruent biogeographical signals. The austral distribution of many corydalids appears to be a result of colonization from Eurasia through southward dispersal across Europe and Africa during the Cretaceous, whereas a nearly contemporaneous dispersal via northward rafting of Gondwanan landmasses may account for the colonization of extant Eurasian alderflies from the south.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunlan Jiang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lu Yue
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.,Beijing Customs, Beijing, China
| | - Jessica P Gillung
- California Department of Food and Agriculture, California State Collection of Arthropods, 3294 Meadowview Rd, Sacramento, CA, USA.,Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Canada
| | - Shaun L Winterton
- California Department of Food and Agriculture, California State Collection of Arthropods, 3294 Meadowview Rd, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | | | - Atilano Contreras-Ramos
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fumio Hayashi
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ulrike Aspöck
- Department of Entomology, Natural History Museum Vienna, Burgring 7, Vienna, A-1010, Austria.,Department of Integrative Zoology, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Horst Aspöck
- Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Medical Parasitology, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - David K Yeates
- Australian National Insect Collection, National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Ding Yang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xingyue Liu
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Oliveira D, Chaves C, Pinto J, Paupério J, Fonseca N, Beja P, Ferreira S. DNA Barcoding of Portuguese Lacewings (Neuroptera) and Snakeflies (Raphidioptera) (Insecta, Neuropterida). Zookeys 2021; 1054:67-84. [PMID: 34393563 PMCID: PMC8355005 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1054.64608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The orders Neuroptera and Raphidioptera include the species of insects known as lacewings and snakeflies, respectively. In Portugal, these groups account for over 100 species, some of which are very difficult to identify by morphological analysis. This work is the first to sample and DNA sequence lacewings and snakeflies of Portugal. A reference collection was built with captured specimens that were identified morphologically. DNA barcode sequences of 658 bp were obtained from 243 specimens of 54 species. The results showed that most species can be successfully identified through DNA barcoding, with the exception of seven species of Chrysopidae (Neuroptera). Additionally, the first published distribution data are presented for Portugal for the neuropterans Gymnocnemiavariegata (Schneider, 1845) and Myrmecaelurus (Myrmecaelurus) trigrammus (Pallas, 1771).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Oliveira
- CIBIO/InBIO – Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Vairão, 4485–661 Vairão, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do PortoVairãoPortugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, PortugalUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal
| | - Cátia Chaves
- CIBIO/InBIO – Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Vairão, 4485–661 Vairão, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do PortoVairãoPortugal
| | - Joana Pinto
- CIBIO/InBIO – Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Vairão, 4485–661 Vairão, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do PortoVairãoPortugal
| | - Joana Paupério
- CIBIO/InBIO – Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Vairão, 4485–661 Vairão, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do PortoVairãoPortugal
| | - Nuno Fonseca
- CIBIO/InBIO – Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Vairão, 4485–661 Vairão, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do PortoVairãoPortugal
| | - Pedro Beja
- CIBIO/InBIO – Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Vairão, 4485–661 Vairão, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do PortoVairãoPortugal
- CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, PortugalUniversidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Sónia Ferreira
- CIBIO/InBIO – Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Vairão, 4485–661 Vairão, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do PortoVairãoPortugal
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lu X, Lin A, Wang D, Liu X. The first mitochondrial genome of spongillafly from Asia (Neuroptera: Sisyridae: Sisyra aurorae Navás, 1933) and phylogenetic implications of Osmyloidea. MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2021; 6:2369-2370. [PMID: 34350346 PMCID: PMC8291055 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2021.1951142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The spongillafly species Sisyra aurorae Navás, 1933 (Neuroptera: Sisyridae) is an endemic species in China and is first recorded from Shanghai. The mitogenome of this species is sequenced, representing the first mitogenome of Sisyridae from Asia. The nearly complete mitogenome is 15,634 bp, which contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and a control region. The gene order and arrangement are similar to other lacewing mitogenomes. Both Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses based on 13 PCGs recovered the interfamilial phylogeny within Osmyloidea as Sisyridae + (Nevrorthidae + Osmylidae).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Lu
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Aili Lin
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyue Liu
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Beutel RG, Friedrich F, Economo EP. Patterns of morphological simplification and innovation in the megadiverse Holometabola (Insecta). Cladistics 2021; 38:227-245. [DOI: 10.1111/cla.12483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Georg Beutel
- Entomology Group Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung Friedrich‐Schiller‐Universität Jena Erbertstrasse 1 Jena D‐07743 Germany
- Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University 1919‐1 Tancha, Onna‐son Kunigami‐gun Okinawa 904‐0495 Japan
| | - Frank Friedrich
- Institut für Zoologie Universität Hamburg Martin‐Luther‐King‐Platz 3 Hamburg D‐20146 Germany
| | - Evan P. Economo
- Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University 1919‐1 Tancha, Onna‐son Kunigami‐gun Okinawa 904‐0495 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Badano D, Di Giulio A, Aspöck H, Aspöck U, Cerretti P. Burrowing specializations in a lacewing larva (Neuroptera: Dilaridae). ZOOL ANZ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
21
|
Niitsu S, Hayashi M, Nemoto T, Nomura M, Kamito T. Discovery of wing imaginal discs in the penultimate instar of the lacewing Mallada desjardinsi (Insecta: Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) with histological notes on postembryonic imaginal disc development. J Morphol 2021; 282:679-684. [PMID: 33599315 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Holometabolous insects are alternatively named "Endopterygota" because, in the larvae of many taxa, the wing primordia in the lateral regions of the meso- and metathoracic segments form more or less invaginated structures called wing imaginal discs. Holometabolous insects exhibit differential developmental timing of the wing during ontogeny. The condition in which wing growth is deferred until the end of larval life has been considered ancestral, whereas early disc formation has been recognized as the derived condition. Even though wing disc development in holometabolous insects has been studied extensively in select groups, many questions remain about the development of the wing imaginal disc in the orders Raphidioptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera, and Mecoptera. To clarify whether the wing imaginal disc of Neuroptera is typical of the derived condition, we examined the ontogeny of the wing imaginal discs in the lacewing Mallada desjardinsi histologically. Using both light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, we were able to recognize wing imaginal discs in the penultimate larval instar (prefinal larval instar) of this species. To date, neuropteran insects have been characterized as having late-forming wing imaginal discs. However, our findings show that the developmental pattern of the wing imaginal discs within the Neuroptera represents a more derived pattern of development in the Holometabola than was assumed previously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Niitsu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Japan.,Department of Arts and Sciences, International Christian University, Mitaka, Japan.,The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hayashi
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo, Japan
| | - Taichi Nemoto
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo, Japan
| | - Masashi Nomura
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo, Japan
| | - Takehiko Kamito
- Department of Arts and Sciences, International Christian University, Mitaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Vasilikopoulos A, Misof B, Meusemann K, Lieberz D, Flouri T, Beutel RG, Niehuis O, Wappler T, Rust J, Peters RS, Donath A, Podsiadlowski L, Mayer C, Bartel D, Böhm A, Liu S, Kapli P, Greve C, Jepson JE, Liu X, Zhou X, Aspöck H, Aspöck U. Correction to: An integrative phylogenomic approach to elucidate the evolutionary history and divergence times of Neuropterida (Insecta: Holometabola). BMC Evol Biol 2020; 20:133. [PMID: 33059595 PMCID: PMC7558605 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-020-01695-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Vasilikopoulos
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, 53113, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Misof
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, 53113, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Karen Meusemann
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, 53113, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Institute of Biology I (Zoology), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Australian National Insect Collection, National Research Collections Australia, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Doria Lieberz
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tomáš Flouri
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Rolf G Beutel
- Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Niehuis
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Institute of Biology I (Zoology), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Wappler
- Natural History Department, Hessisches Landesmuseum Darmstadt, 64283, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jes Rust
- Steinmann-Institut für Geologie, Mineralogie und Paläontologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ralph S Peters
- Centre for Taxonomy and Evolutionary Research, Arthropoda Department, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Donath
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lars Podsiadlowski
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Mayer
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniela Bartel
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Böhm
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Shanlin Liu
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Paschalia Kapli
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Carola Greve
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), 60325, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - James E Jepson
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, T23 N73K, Cork, Ireland
| | - Xingyue Liu
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Horst Aspöck
- Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Medical Parasitology, Medical University of Vienna (MUW), 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrike Aspöck
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Zoological Department II, Natural History Museum of Vienna, 1010, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Vasilikopoulos A, Gustafson GT, Balke M, Niehuis O, Beutel RG, Misof B. Resolving the phylogenetic position of Hygrobiidae (Coleoptera: Adephaga) requires objective statistical tests and exhaustive phylogenetic methodology: a response to Cai et al. (2020). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 162:106923. [PMID: 32771549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Vasilikopoulos
- Center for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Grey T Gustafson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, 66045 KS, USA
| | - Michael Balke
- Department of Entomology, SNSB-Bavarian State Collections of Zoology, 81247 Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Niehuis
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Institute of Biology I (Zoology), Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rolf G Beutel
- Institut für Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Bernhard Misof
- Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|