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Shang A, Shao S, Zhao L, Liu B. Far-Red Fluorescent Proteins: Tools for Advancing In Vivo Imaging. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:359. [PMID: 39194588 DOI: 10.3390/bios14080359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Far-red fluorescent proteins (FPs) have emerged as indispensable tools in in vivo imaging, playing a pivotal role in elucidating fundamental mechanisms and addressing application issues in biotechnology and biomedical fields. Their ability for deep penetration, coupled with reduced light scattering and absorption, robust resistance to autofluorescence, and diminished phototoxicity, has positioned far-red biosensors at the forefront of non-invasive visualization techniques for observing intracellular activities and intercellular behaviors. In this review, far-red FPs and their applications in living systems are mainly discussed. Firstly, various far-red FPs, characterized by emission peaks spanning from 600 nm to 650 nm, are introduced. This is followed by a detailed presentation of the fundamental principles enabling far-red biosensors to detect biomolecules and environmental changes. Furthermore, the review accentuates the superiority of far-red FPs in multi-color imaging. In addition, significant emphasis is placed on the value of far-red FPs in improving imaging resolution, highlighting their great contribution to the advancement of in vivo imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angyang Shang
- Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Shenyang 110042, China
- Liaoning Key Lab of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shuai Shao
- Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Shenyang 110042, China
- Liaoning Key Lab of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Luming Zhao
- Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Shenyang 110042, China
- Liaoning Key Lab of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Shenyang 110042, China
- Liaoning Key Lab of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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2
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Moreira de Gouveia MI, Reuter A, Garrivier A, Daniel J, Bernalier-Donadille A, Jubelin G. Design and validation of a dual-fluorescence reporter system to monitor bacterial gene expression in the gut environment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:7301-7312. [PMID: 37750914 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12788-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence-based reporter systems are valuable tools for studying gene expression dynamics in living cells. However, available strategies to follow gene expression in bacteria within their natural ecosystem that can be typically rich and complex are scarce. In this work, we designed a plasmid-based tool ensuring both the identification of a strain of interest in complex environments and the monitoring of gene expression through the combination of two distinct fluorescent proteins as reporter genes. The tool was validated in Escherichia coli to monitor the expression of eut genes involved in the catabolism of ethanolamine. We demonstrated that the constructed reporter strain gradually responds with a bimodal output to increasing ethanolamine concentrations during in vitro cultures. The reporter strain was next inoculated to mice, and flow cytometry was used to detect the reporter strain among the dense microbiota of intestinal samples and to analyze specifically the expression of eut genes. This novel dual-fluorescent reporter system would be helpful to evaluate transcriptional processes in bacteria within complex environments. KEY POINTS: • A reporter tool was developed to monitor bacterial gene expression in complex environments. • Ethanolamine utilization (eut) genes are expressed by commensal E. coli in the mouse gut. • Expression of eut genes follows a bimodal distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Audrey Reuter
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDIS UMR454, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Annie Garrivier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDIS UMR454, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julien Daniel
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDIS UMR454, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Gregory Jubelin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDIS UMR454, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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3
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Kaisanlahti A, Turunen J, Byts N, Samoylenko A, Bart G, Virtanen N, Tejesvi MV, Zhyvolozhnyi A, Sarfraz S, Kumpula S, Hekkala J, Salmi S, Will O, Korvala J, Paalanne N, Erawijantari PP, Suokas M, Medina TP, Vainio S, Medina OP, Lahti L, Tapiainen T, Reunanen J. Maternal microbiota communicates with the fetus through microbiota-derived extracellular vesicles. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:249. [PMID: 37953319 PMCID: PMC10642029 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01694-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reports regarding the presence of bacteria in the fetal environment remain limited and controversial. Recently, extracellular vesicles secreted by the human gut microbiota have emerged as a novel mechanism for host-microbiota interaction. We aimed to investigate the presence of bacterial extracellular vesicles in the fetal environment during healthy pregnancies and determine whether extracellular vesicles derived from the gut microbiota can cross biological barriers to reach the fetus. RESULTS Bacterial extracellular vesicles were detectable in the amniotic fluid of healthy pregnant women, exhibiting similarities to extracellular vesicles found in the maternal gut microbiota. In pregnant mice, extracellular vesicles derived from human maternal gut microbiota were found to reach the intra-amniotic space. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal maternal microbiota-derived extracellular vesicles as an interaction mechanism between the maternal microbiota and fetus, potentially playing a pivotal role in priming the prenatal immune system for gut colonization after birth. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kaisanlahti
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland.
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Jenni Turunen
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nadiya Byts
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anatoliy Samoylenko
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Genevieve Bart
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nikke Virtanen
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mysore V Tejesvi
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Ecology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, 90570, Oulu, Finland
| | - Artem Zhyvolozhnyi
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sonia Sarfraz
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sohvi Kumpula
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jenni Hekkala
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sonja Salmi
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Olga Will
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel University, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Johanna Korvala
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Niko Paalanne
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Marko Suokas
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuula Peñate Medina
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel University, 24105, Kiel, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Seppo Vainio
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Disease Networks Research Unit, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Kvantum Institute, University of Oulu, 90570, Oulu, Finland
| | - Oula Peñate Medina
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel University, 24105, Kiel, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Kiel University, 24105, Kiel, Germany
- Lonza Netherlands B.V., 6167 RB, Geleen, Netherlands
| | - Leo Lahti
- Department of Computing, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Terhi Tapiainen
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Justus Reunanen
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Translational Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220, Oulu, Finland
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Liu F, Chen S, Zou Y, Jiao Y, Tang Y. A simple and efficient fluorescent labeling method in Staphylococcus aureus for real-time tracking of invasive bacteria. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1128638. [PMID: 36846783 PMCID: PMC9950555 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1128638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial fluorescent labeling is a powerful tool for the diagnosis and treatment of bacterial infections. Here, we present a simple and efficient labeling strategy for Staphylococcus aureus. Intracellular labeling of bacteria was achieved by heat shock using Cyanine 5.5 (Cy5.5) near-infrared-I dyes in S. aureus (Cy5.5@S. aureus). Several key factors, such as Cy5.5 concentration and labeling time, were systematically evaluated. Further, the cytotoxicity of Cy5.5 and the stability of Cy5.5@S. aureus was evaluated by flow cytometry, inverted fluorescence microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, Cy5.5@S. aureus were used to explore the phagocytic behavior of RAW264.7 macrophages. These results proved that Cy5.5@S. aureus had a uniform fluorescence intensity and high luminance; additionally, our method had no significant adverse effects on S. aureus compared to unlabeled S. aureus infections. Our method provides researchers with a useful option for analyzing the behavior of S. aureus as an infectious agent. This technique can be broadly applied to study host cell-bacteria interactions at the molecular level, and to in vivo tracing of bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijie Chen
- Department of Nursing, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of People’s Liberation Army (PLA), Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingxin Zou
- Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Jiao
- Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Ying Tang,
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Pócsi I, Szigeti ZM, Emri T, Boczonádi I, Vereb G, Szöllősi J. Use of red, far-red, and near-infrared light in imaging of yeasts and filamentous fungi. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:3895-3912. [PMID: 35599256 PMCID: PMC9200671 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11967-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract While phototoxicity can be a useful therapeutic modality not only for eliminating malignant cells but also in treating fungal infections, mycologists aiming to observe morphological changes or molecular events in fungi, especially when long observation periods or high light fluxes are warranted, encounter problems owed to altered regulatory pathways or even cell death caused by various photosensing mechanisms. Consequently, the ever expanding repertoire of visible fluorescent protein toolboxes and high-resolution microscopy methods designed to investigate fungi in vitro and in vivo need to comply with an additional requirement: to decrease the unwanted side effects of illumination. In addition to optimizing exposure, an obvious solution is red-shifted illumination, which, however, does not come without compromises. This review summarizes the interactions of fungi with light and the various molecular biology and technology approaches developed for exploring their functions on the molecular, cellular, and in vivo microscopic levels, and outlines the progress towards reducing phototoxicity through applying far-red and near-infrared light. Key points • Fungal biological processes alter upon illumination, also under the microscope • Red shifted fluorescent protein toolboxes decrease interference by illumination • Innovations like two-photon, lightsheet, and near IR microscopy reduce phototoxicity
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Affiliation(s)
- István Pócsi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Zsuzsa M Szigeti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Emri
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Imre Boczonádi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Vereb
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.,Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - János Szöllősi
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
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6
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Peñate Medina T, Kolb JP, Hüttmann G, Huber R, Peñate Medina O, Ha L, Ulloa P, Larsen N, Ferrari A, Rafecas M, Ellrichmann M, Pravdivtseva MS, Anikeeva M, Humbert J, Both M, Hundt JE, Hövener JB. Imaging Inflammation - From Whole Body Imaging to Cellular Resolution. Front Immunol 2021; 12:692222. [PMID: 34248987 PMCID: PMC8264453 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.692222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Imaging techniques have evolved impressively lately, allowing whole new concepts like multimodal imaging, personal medicine, theranostic therapies, and molecular imaging to increase general awareness of possiblities of imaging to medicine field. Here, we have collected the selected (3D) imaging modalities and evaluated the recent findings on preclinical and clinical inflammation imaging. The focus has been on the feasibility of imaging to aid in inflammation precision medicine, and the key challenges and opportunities of the imaging modalities are presented. Some examples of the current usage in clinics/close to clinics have been brought out as an example. This review evaluates the future prospects of the imaging technologies for clinical applications in precision medicine from the pre-clinical development point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuula Peñate Medina
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center, Schleswig-Holstein Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- *Correspondence: Tuula Peñate Medina, ; Jan-Bernd Hövener,
| | - Jan Philip Kolb
- Institute of Biomedical Optics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gereon Hüttmann
- Institute of Biomedical Optics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Robert Huber
- Institute of Biomedical Optics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Oula Peñate Medina
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center, Schleswig-Holstein Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (IET), University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Linh Ha
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Lübeck (UKSH), Lübeck, Germany
| | - Patricia Ulloa
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Centers Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Naomi Larsen
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Centers Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Arianna Ferrari
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center, Schleswig-Holstein Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Magdalena Rafecas
- Institute of Medical Engineering (IMT), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Mark Ellrichmann
- Interdisciplinary Endoscopy, Medical Department1, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mariya S. Pravdivtseva
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center, Schleswig-Holstein Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Centers Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mariia Anikeeva
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center, Schleswig-Holstein Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jana Humbert
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center, Schleswig-Holstein Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Centers Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marcus Both
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Centers Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jennifer E. Hundt
- Lübeck Institute for Experimental Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center, Schleswig-Holstein Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- *Correspondence: Tuula Peñate Medina, ; Jan-Bernd Hövener,
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