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Gong J, Sun S, Zhu QH, Qin J, Yang Y, Zheng Z, Cheng S, Sun J. Gh4CL20/20A involved in flavonoid biosynthesis is essential for male fertility in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108484. [PMID: 38452452 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Flavonoids have been shown to play an essential role in plant growth and fertility. 4-Coumarate CoA ligase (4CL) is one of the indispensable enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoids. However, the role of 4CL and flavonoids in impact on cotton fertility is still unknown. In this study, on the basis of identification of an additional Gh4CL gene, Gh4CL20A, by using an updated G. hirsutum genome, we found that Gh4CL20A and its homologous Gh4CL20 were preferentially expressed in petals and stamens. The petals of the loss-of-function Gh4CL20/Gh4CL20A mutant generated by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing remained white until wilting. Notably, the mutant showed indehiscent anthers, reduced number of pollen grains and pollen viability, leading to male sterility. Histological analysis revealed that abnormal degradation of anther tapetum at the tetrad stage and abnormal pollen grain development at the mature stage caused male sterility of the gene editing mutant. Analysis of the anther transcriptome identified a total of 10574 and 11962 genes up- and down-regulated in the mutant, respectively, compared to the wild-type. GO, KEGG, and WGCNA analyses linked the abnormality of the mutant anthers to the defective flavonoid biosynthetic pathway, leading to decreased activity of 4CL and chalcone isomerase (CHI) and reduced accumulation of flavonoids in the mutant. These results imply a role of Gh4CL20/Gh4CL20A in assuring proper development of cotton anthers by regulating flavonoid metabolism. This study elucidates a molecular mechanism underlying cotton anther development and provides candidate genes for creating cotton male sterile germplasm that has the potential to be used in production of hybrid seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming Gong
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Shichao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Qian-Hao Zhu
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, 2601, Australia.
| | - Jianghong Qin
- Cotton Research Institute, Shihezi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shihezi, China.
| | - Yonglin Yang
- Cotton Research Institute, Shihezi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shihezi, China.
| | - Zhihong Zheng
- Cotton Research Institute, Shihezi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shihezi, China.
| | - Shuaishuai Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Jie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
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Xu C, Xu Y, Wang Z, Zhang X, Wu Y, Lu X, Sun H, Wang L, Zhang Q, Zhang Q, Li X, Xiao J, Li X, Zhao M, Ouyang Y, Huang X, Zhang Q. Spontaneous movement of a retrotransposon generated genic dominant male sterility providing a useful tool for rice breeding. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad210. [PMID: 37621414 PMCID: PMC10446136 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Male sterility in plants provides valuable breeding tools in germplasm innovation and hybrid crop production. However, genetic resources for dominant genic male sterility, which hold great promise to facilitate breeding processes, are extremely rare in natural germplasm. Here we characterized the Sanming Dominant Genic Male Sterility in rice and identified the gene SDGMS using a map-based cloning approach. We found that spontaneous movement of a 1978-bp long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposon into the promoter region of the SDGMS gene activates its expression in anther tapetum, which causes abnormal programmed cell death of tapetal cells resulting in dominant male sterility. SDGMS encodes a ribosome inactivating protein showing N-glycosidase activity. The activation of SDGMS triggers transcription reprogramming of genes responsive to biotic stress leading to a hypersensitive response which causes sterility. The results demonstrate that an ectopic gene activation by transposon movement can give birth to a novel trait which enriches phenotypic diversity with practical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conghao Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yifeng Xu
- Ningde Inspection and Testing Centre for Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Ningde 352100, China
| | - Zhengji Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuying Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xinyan Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hongwei Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qinglu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xianghua Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinghua Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xu Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mingfu Zhao
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350018, China
| | - Yidan Ouyang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xianbo Huang
- Sanming Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Shaxian 365509, China
| | - Qifa Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Kong L, Li S, Qian Y, Cheng H, Zhang Y, Zuo D, Lv L, Wang Q, Li J, Song G. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Revealed Key Genes Regulating Gossypol Synthesis in Tetraploid Cultivated Cotton. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1144. [PMID: 37372323 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetraploid cultivated cotton (Gossypium spp.) produces cottonseeds rich in protein and oil. Gossypol and related terpenoids, stored in the pigment glands of cottonseeds, are toxic to human beings and monogastric animals. However, a comprehensive understanding of the genetic basis of gossypol and gland formation is still lacking. We performed a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of four glanded versus two glandless tetraploid cultivars distributed in Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) based on 431 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) uncovered a candidate module that was strongly associated with the reduction in or disappearance of gossypol and pigment glands. Further, the co-expression network helped us to focus on 29 hub genes, which played key roles in the regulation of related genes in the candidate module. The present study contributes to our understanding of the genetic basis of gossypol and gland formation and serves as a rich potential source for breeding cotton cultivars with gossypol-rich plants and gossypol-free cottonseed, which is beneficial for improving food safety, environmental protection, and economic gains of tetraploid cultivated cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linglei Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
- Semi-Arid Agriculture Engineering & Technology Research Center of P. R. China, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Shaoqi Li
- Institute of Cotton, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology and Genetic Breeding in Huanghuaihai Semiarid Area, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Cotton Improvement Center Hebei Branch, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Yuyuan Qian
- Institute of Cotton, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology and Genetic Breeding in Huanghuaihai Semiarid Area, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Cotton Improvement Center Hebei Branch, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Hailiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Youping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Dongyun Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Limin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Qiaolian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Junlan Li
- Institute of Cotton, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology and Genetic Breeding in Huanghuaihai Semiarid Area, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Cotton Improvement Center Hebei Branch, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Guoli Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
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Mehari TG, Hou Y, Xu Y, Umer MJ, Shiraku ML, Wang Y, Wang H, Peng R, Wei Y, Cai X, Zhou Z, Liu F. Overexpression of cotton GhNAC072 gene enhances drought and salt stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:648. [PMID: 36096725 PMCID: PMC9469605 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08876-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crops face several environmental stresses (biotic and abiotic), thus resulting in severe yield losses. Around the globe abiotic stresses are the main contributors of plant damages, primarily drought and salinity. Many genes and transcription factors are involved in abiotic and biotic stress responses. NAC TF (Transcription Factors) improves tolerance to stresses by controlling the physiological and enzyme activities of crops. RESULTS In current research, GhNAC072 a highly upregulated TF in RNA-Seq was identified as a hub gene in the co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). This gene was transformed to Arabidopsis thaliana to confirm its potential role in drought and salt stress tolerance. Significant variations were observed in the morpho-physiological traits with high relative leaf water contents, chlorophyll contents, higher germination and longer root lengths of the overexpressed lines and low excised leaf loss and ion leakage as compared to the wildtype plants. Besides, overexpressed lines have higher amounts of antioxidants and low oxidant enzyme activities than the wildtype during the period of stress exposure. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the above analysis showed that GhNAC072 might be the true candidate involved in boosting tolerance mechanisms under drought and salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teame Gereziher Mehari
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China.,School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuqing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yanchao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Muhammad Jawad Umer
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Margaret Linyerera Shiraku
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Heng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Renhai Peng
- Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Yangyang Wei
- Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China.
| | - Zhongli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China.
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China. .,School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Yang F, Han Y, Zhu QH, Zhang X, Xue F, Li Y, Luo H, Qin J, Sun J, Liu F. Impact of water deficiency on leaf cuticle lipids and gene expression networks in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:404. [PMID: 35978290 PMCID: PMC9382817 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03788-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Water deficit (WD) has serious effect on the productivity of crops. Formation of cuticular layer with increased content of wax and cutin on leaf surfaces is closely related to drought tolerance. Identification of drought tolerance associated wax components and cutin monomers and the genes responsible for their biosynthesis is essential for understanding the physiological and genetic mechanisms underlying drought tolerance and improving crop drought resistance. RESULT In this study, we conducted comparative phenotypic and transcriptomic analyses of two Gossypium hirsutum varieties that are tolerant (XL22) or sensitive (XL17) to drought stress. XL17 consumed more water than XL22, particularly under the WD conditions. WD significantly induced accumulation of most major wax components (C29 and C31 alkanes) and cutin monomers (palmitic acid and stearic acid) in leaves of both XL22 and XL17, although accumulation of the major cutin monomers, i.e., polyunsaturated linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) and linoleic acid (C18:2n-6), were significantly repressed by WD in both XL22 and XL17. According to the results of transcriptome analysis, although many genes and their related pathways were commonly induced or repressed by WD in both XL22 and XL17, WD-induced differentially expressed genes specific to XL22 or XL17 were also evident. Among the genes that were commonly induced by WD were the GhCER1 genes involved in biosynthesis of alkanes, consistent with the observation of enhanced accumulation of alkanes in cotton leaves under the WD conditions. Interestingly, under the WD conditions, several GhCYP86 genes, which encode enzymes catalyzing the omega-hydroxylation of fatty acids and were identified to be the hub genes of one of the co-expression gene modules, showed a different expression pattern between XL22 and XL17 that was in agreement with the WD-induced changes of the content of hydroxyacids or fatty alcohols in these two varieties. CONCLUSION The results contribute to our comprehending the physiological and genetic mechanisms underlying drought tolerance and provide possible solutions for the difference of drought resistance of different cotton varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yongchao Han
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qian-Hao Zhu
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, 2601, Australia
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Fei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Honghai Luo
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jianghong Qin
- Shihezi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
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Pei H, Xie H, Wang X, Yan X, Wang B, Feng H, Zhao Y, Gao J, Gao J. Proteomic analysis of differential anther development from sterile/fertile lines in Capsicum annuum L. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13168. [PMID: 35651745 PMCID: PMC9150696 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a major cash crop throughout the world. Male sterility is an important characteristic in crop species that leads to a failure to produce functional pollen, and it has crucial roles in agricultural breeding and the utilization of heterosis. Objectives In this study, we identified many crucial factors and important components in metabolic pathways in anther and pollen development, and elucidated the molecular mechanism related to pollen abortion in pepper. Methods Pepper pollen was observed at different stages to detect the characteristics associated with male sterility and fertility. The phytohormone and oxidoreductase activities were detected in spectrophotometric and redox reaction assays, respectively. Proteins were extracted from male sterile and fertile pepper lines, and identified by TMT/iTRAQ (tandem mass tags/isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation) and LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer) analysis. Differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were analyzed based on Gene Ontology annotations and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database according to |fold change)| > 1.3 and P value < 0.05. DAPs were quantified in the meiosis, tetrad, and binucleate stages by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). Results In this study, we screened and identified one male sterile pepper line with abnormal cytological characteristics in terms of pollen development. The peroxidase and catalase enzyme activities were significantly reduced and increased, respectively, in the male sterile line compared with the male fertile line. Phytohormone analysis demonstrated that the gibberellin, jasmonic acid, and auxin contents changed by different extents in the male sterile pepper line. Proteome analysis screened 1,645 DAPs in six clusters, which were mainly associated with the chloroplast and cytoplasm based on their similar expression levels. According to proteome analysis, 45 DAPs were quantitatively identified in the meiosis, tetrad, and binucleate stages by PRM, which were related to monoterpenoid biosynthesis, and starch and sucrose metabolism pathways. Conclusions We screened 1,645 DAPs by proteomic analysis and 45 DAPs were related to anther and pollen development in a male sterile pepper line. In addition, the activities of peroxidase and catalase as well as the abundances of phytohormones such as gibberellin, jasmonic acid, and auxin were related to male sterility. The results obtained in this study provide insights into the molecular mechanism responsible for male sterility and fertility in pepper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Pei
- College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China,Institute of Horticulture Crops, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hua Xie
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiujuan Yan
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Baike Wang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Haiping Feng
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yunxia Zhao
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jingxia Gao
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jie Gao
- College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
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Gu H, Ding W, Shi T, Ouyang Q, Yang X, Yue Y, Wang L. Integrated transcriptome and endogenous hormone analysis provides new insights into callus proliferation in Osmanthus fragrans. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7609. [PMID: 35534621 PMCID: PMC9085794 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11801-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Osmanthus fragrans is an important evergreen species with both medicinal and ornamental value in China. Given the low efficiency of callus proliferation and the difficulty of adventitious bud differentiation, tissue culture and regeneration systems have not been successfully established for this species. To understand the mechanism of callus proliferation, transcriptome sequencing and endogenous hormone content determination were performed from the initial growth stages to the early stages of senescence on O. fragrans calli. In total, 47,340 genes were identified by transcriptome sequencing, including 1798 previously unidentified genes specifically involved in callus development. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was significantly enriched in plant hormone signal transduction pathways. Furthermore, our results from the orthogonal projections to latent structures discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) of six typical hormones in five development stages of O. fragrans calli showed jasmonic acid (JA) could play important role in the initial stages of calli growth, whereas JA and auxin (IAA) were dominant in the early stages of calli senescence. Based on the weighted gene co-expression network analysis, OfSRC2, OfPP2CD5 and OfARR1, OfPYL3, OfEIL3b were selected as hub genes from the modules with the significant relevance to JA and IAA respectively. The gene regulation network and quantitative real-time PCR implied that during the initial stages of callus growth, the transcription factors (TFs) OfERF4 and OfMYC2a could down-regulate the expression of hub genes OfSRC2 and OfPP2CD5, resulting in decreased JA content and rapid callus growth; during the late stage of callus growth, the TFs OfERF4, OfMYC2a and OfTGA21c, OfHSFA1 could positively regulate the expression of hub genes OfSRC2, OfPP2CD5 and OfARR1, OfPYL3, OfEIL3b, respectively, leading to increased JA and IAA contents and inducing the senescence of O. fragrans calli. Hopefully, our results could provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of the proliferation of O. fragrans calli.
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Xu B, Wu R, Shi F, Gao C, Wang J. Transcriptome profiling of flower buds of male-sterile lines provides new insights into male sterility mechanism in alfalfa. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:199. [PMID: 35428186 PMCID: PMC9013074 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03581-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of heterosis to produce hybrid seeds is a challenge to breeding for improved crop yield. In previous studies, we isolated a male sterile alfalfa hybrid and successfully obtained a genetically stable alfalfa male sterile line through backcrossing, henceforth named MS-4. In this study, we used RNA-seq technology to analyze the transcriptome profiles of the male sterile line (MS-4) and the male fertile line (MF) of alfalfa to elucidate the mechanism of male sterility. RESULTS We screened a total of 11,812 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from both MS-4 and MF lines at three different stages of anther development. Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses revealed that these DEGs are mainly involved in processes such as energy metabolism, lipid and amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, in addition to cell synthesis and aging. The results from protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis showed that the ribosomal protein (MS.Gene25178) was the core gene in the network. We also found that transcriptional regulation was an influential factor in the development of anthers. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide new insights into understanding of the fertility changes in the male sterile (MS-4) of alfalfa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of Education, College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Rina Wu
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of Education, College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Fengling Shi
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of Education, College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
| | - Cuiping Gao
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of Education, College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of Education, College of Grassland Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
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Ma L, Cheng X, Wang C, Zhang X, Xue F, Li Y, Zhu Q, Sun J, Liu F. Explore the gene network regulating the composition of fatty acids in cottonseed. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:177. [PMID: 33849439 PMCID: PMC8042725 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02952-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cottonseed is one of the major sources of vegetable oil. Analysis of the dynamic changes of fatty acid components and the genes regulating the composition of fatty acids of cottonseed oil is of great significance for understanding the biological processes underlying biosynthesis of fatty acids and for genetic improving the oil nutritional qualities. RESULTS In this study, we investigated the dynamic relationship of 13 fatty acid components at 12 developmental time points of cottonseed (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and generated cottonseed transcriptome of the 12 time points. At 5-15 day post anthesis (DPA), the contents of polyunsaturated linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) and saturated stearic acid (C18:0) were higher, while linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) was mainly synthesized after 15 DPA. Using 5 DPA as a reference, 15,647 non-redundant differentially expressed genes were identified in 10-60 DPA cottonseed. Co-expression gene network analysis identified six modules containing 3275 genes significantly associated with middle-late seed developmental stages and enriched with genes related to the linoleic acid metabolic pathway and α-linolenic acid metabolism. Genes (Gh_D03G0588 and Gh_A02G1788) encoding stearoyl-ACP desaturase were identified as hub genes and significantly up-regulated at 25 DPA. They seemed to play a decisive role in determining the ratio of saturated fatty acids to unsaturated fatty acids. FAD2 genes (Gh_A13G1850 and Gh_D13G2238) were highly expressed at 25-50 DPA, eventually leading to the high content of C18:2n-6 in cottonseed. The content of C18:3n-3 was significantly decreased from 5 DPA (7.44%) to 25 DPA (0.11%) and correlated with the expression characteristics of Gh_A09G0848 and Gh_D09G0870. CONCLUSIONS These results contribute to our understanding on the relationship between the accumulation pattern of fatty acid components and the expression characteristics of key genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis during the entire period of cottonseed development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xinqi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Fei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qianhao Zhu
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, 2601, Australia
| | - Jie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
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