1
|
Wang M, Wang L, Wang S, Zhang J, Fu Z, Wu P, Yang A, Wu D, Sun G, Wang C. Identification and Analysis of lncRNA and circRNA Related to Wheat Grain Development. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5484. [PMID: 38791522 PMCID: PMC11122269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of lncRNA and circRNA in wheat grain development is still unclear. The objectives of this study were to characterize the lncRNA and circRNA in the wheat grain development and to construct the interaction network among lncRNA, circRNA, and their target miRNA to propose a lncRNA-circRNA-miRNA module related to wheat grain development. Full transcriptome sequencing on two wheat varieties (Annong 0942 and Anke 2005) with significant differences in 1000-grain weight at 10 d (days after pollination), 20 d, and 30 d of grain development were conducted. We detected 650, 736, and 609 differentially expressed lncRNA genes, and 769, 1054, and 1062 differentially expressed circRNA genes in the grains of 10 days, 20 days and 30 days after pollination between Annong 0942 and Anke 2005, respectively. An analysis of the lncRNA-miRNA and circRNA-miRNA targeting networks reveals that circRNAs exhibit a more complex and extensive interaction network in the development of cereal grains and the formation of grain shape. Central to these interactions are tae-miR1177, tae-miR1128, and tae-miR1130b-3p. In contrast, lncRNA genes only form a singular network centered around tae-miR1133 and tae-miR5175-5p when comparing between varieties. Further analysis is conducted on the underlying genes of all target miRNAs, we identified TaNF-YB1 targeted by tae-miR1122a and TaTGW-7B targeted by miR1130a as two pivotal regulatory genes in the development of wheat grains. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed the target regulatory relationships between miR1130a-TaTGW-7B and miR1122a-TaNF-YB1. We propose a network of circRNA and miRNA-mediated gene regulation in the development of wheat grains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China (A.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China (A.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Shuanghong Wang
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China (A.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Junli Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China (A.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Zhe Fu
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China (A.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Panpan Wu
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China (A.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Anqi Yang
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China (A.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Dexiang Wu
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China (A.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Genlou Sun
- Biology Department, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - Chengyu Wang
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China (A.Y.); (C.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xu H, Wang Z, Wang F, Hu X, Ma C, Jiang H, Xie C, Gao Y, Ding G, Zhao C, Qin R, Cui D, Sun H, Cui F, Wu Y. Genome-wide association study and genomic selection of spike-related traits in bread wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:131. [PMID: 38748046 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04640-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Identification of 337 stable MTAs for wheat spike-related traits improved model accuracy, and favorable alleles of MTA259 and MTA64 increased grain weight and yield per plant. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the three primary global, staple crops. Improving spike-related traits in wheat is crucial for optimizing spike and plant morphology, ultimately leading to increased grain yield. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study using a dataset of 24,889 high-quality unique single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and phenotypic data from 314 wheat accessions across eight diverse environments. In total, 337 stable and significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) related to spike-related traits were identified. MTA259 and MTA64 were consistently detected in seven and six environments, respectively. The presence of favorable alleles associated with MTA259 and MTA64 significantly reduced wheat spike exsertion length and spike length, while enhancing thousand kernel weight and yield per plant. Combined gene expression and network analyses identified TraesCS6D03G0692300 and TraesCS6D03G0692700 as candidate genes for MTA259 and TraesCS2D03G0111700 and TraesCS2D03G0112500 for MTA64. The identified MTAs significantly improved the prediction accuracy of each model compared with using all the SNPs, and the random forest model was optimal for genome selection. Additionally, the eight stable and major MTAs, including MTA259, MTA64, MTA66, MTA94, MTA110, MTA165, MTA180, and MTA164, were converted into cost-effective and efficient detection markers. This study provided valuable genetic resources and reliable molecular markers for wheat breeding programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Xu
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Zixu Wang
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Faxiang Wang
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xinrong Hu
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Chengxue Ma
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Huijiao Jiang
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Chang Xie
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yuhang Gao
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Guangshuo Ding
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Chunhua Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Ran Qin
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Dezhou Cui
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Research Center of Wheat and Maize/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetics and Breeding in Northern Huang-Huai River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Wheat/Jinan Key Laboratory of Wheat Genetic Improvement, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Han Sun
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China.
| | - Fa Cui
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China.
| | - Yongzhen Wu
- College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li XZ, Zhang XT, Bie XM, Zhang J, Jiang DJ, Tang H, Wang F. Transcriptome analysis of axillary buds in low phosphorus stress and functional analysis of TaWRKY74s in wheat. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:1. [PMID: 38163871 PMCID: PMC10759677 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04695-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wheat is one of the main grain crops in the world, and the tiller number is a key factor affecting the yield of wheat. Phosphorus is an essential element for tiller development in wheat. However, due to decreasing phosphorus content in soil, there has been increasing use of phosphorus fertilizer, while imposing risk of soil and water pollution. Hence, it is important to identify low phosphorus tolerance genes and utilize them for stress resistance breeding in wheat. RESULTS We subjected the wheat variety Kenong 199 (KN199) to low phosphorus stress and observed a reduced tiller number. Using transcriptome analysis, we identified 1651 upregulated genes and 827 downregulated of genes after low phosphorus stress. The differentially expressed genes were found to be enriched in the enzyme activity regulation related to phosphorus, hormone signal transduction, and ion transmembrane transport. Furthermore, the transcription factor analysis revealed that TaWRKY74s were important for low phosphorus tolerance. TaWRKY74s have three alleles: TaWRKY74-A, TaWRKY74-B, and TaWRKY74-D, and they all belong to the WRKY family with conserved WRKYGQK motifs. These proteins were found to be located in the nucleus, and they were expressed in axillary meristem, shoot apical meristem(SAM), young leaves, leaf primordium, and spikelet primordium. The evolutionary tree showed that TaWRKY74s were closely related to OsWRKY74s in rice. Moreover, TaWRKY74s-RNAi transgenic plants displayed significantly fewer tillers compared to wild-type plants under normal conditions. Additionally, the tiller numebr of the RNAi transgenic plants was also significantly lower than that of the wild-type plants under low-phosphorus stress, and increased the decrease amplitude. This suggestd that TaWRKY74s are related to phosphorus response and can affect the tiller number of wheat. CONCLUSIONS The results of this research showed that TaWRKY74s were key genes in wheat response to low phosphorus stress, which might regulate wheat tiller number through abscisic acid (ABA) and auxin signal transduction pathways. This research lays the foundation for further investigating the mechanism of TaWRKY74s in the low phosphorus environments and is significant for wheat stress resistance breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Zheng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Breeding, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Breeding, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Xiao-Min Bie
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Breeding, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Breeding, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Deng-Ji Jiang
- College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Heng Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Breeding, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China.
- College of Agriculture, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Fang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Breeding, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wakeman A, Bennett T. Auxins and grass shoot architecture: how the most important hormone makes the most important plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:6975-6988. [PMID: 37474124 PMCID: PMC10690731 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Cereals are a group of grasses cultivated by humans for their grain. It is from these cereal grains that the majority of all calories consumed by humans are derived. The production of these grains is the result of the development of a series of hierarchical reproductive structures that form the distinct shoot architecture of the grasses. Being spatiotemporally complex, the coordination of grass shoot development is tightly controlled by a network of genes and signals, including the key phytohormone auxin. Hormonal manipulation has therefore been identified as a promising potential approach to increasing cereal crop yields and therefore ultimately global food security. Recent work translating the substantial body of auxin research from model plants into cereal crop species is revealing the contribution of auxin biosynthesis, transport, and signalling to the development of grass shoot architecture. This review discusses this still-maturing knowledge base and examines the possibility that changes in auxin biology could have been a causative agent in the evolution of differences in shoot architecture between key grass species, or could underpin the future selective breeding of cereal crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Wakeman
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Tom Bennett
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu Y, Shen K, Yin C, Xu X, Yu X, Ye B, Sun Z, Dong J, Bi A, Zhao X, Xu D, He Z, Zhang X, Hao C, Wu J, Wang Z, Wu H, Liu D, Zhang L, Shen L, Hao Y, Lu F, Guo Z. Genetic basis of geographical differentiation and breeding selection for wheat plant architecture traits. Genome Biol 2023; 24:114. [PMID: 37173729 PMCID: PMC10176713 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-02932-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant architecture associated with increased grain yield and adaptation to the local environments is selected during wheat (Triticum aestivum) breeding. The internode length of individual stems and tiller length of individual plants are important for the determination of plant architecture. However, few studies have explored the genetic basis of these traits. RESULTS Here, we conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to dissect the genetic basis of geographical differentiation of these traits in 306 worldwide wheat accessions including both landraces and traditional varieties. We determine the changes of haplotypes for the associated genomic regions in frequency in 831 wheat accessions that are either introduced from other countries or developed in China from last two decades. We identify 83 loci that are associated with one trait, while the remaining 247 loci are pleiotropic. We also find 163 associated loci are under strong selective sweep. GWAS results demonstrate independent regulation of internode length of individual stems and consistent regulation of tiller length of individual plants. This makes it possible to obtain ideal haplotype combinations of the length of four internodes. We also find that the geographical distribution of the haplotypes explains the observed differences in internode length among the worldwide wheat accessions. CONCLUSION This study provides insights into the genetic basis of plant architecture. It will facilitate gene functional analysis and molecular design of plant architecture for breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Kuocheng Shen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Changbin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Xiaowan Xu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xuchang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Botao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Dong
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Aoyue Bi
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Xuebo Zhao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Daxing Xu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Zhonghu He
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) China Office, c/o CAAS, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xueyong Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chenyang Hao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ziying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - He Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Danni Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Liping Shen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Yuanfeng Hao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Fei Lu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100010, China.
- CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science (CEPAMS), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Zifeng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang R, Yu M, Xia J, Ren Z, Xing J, Li C, Xu Q, Cang J, Zhang D. Cold stress triggers freezing tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) via hormone regulation and transcription of related genes. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:308-321. [PMID: 36385725 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Low temperatures limit the geographic distribution and yield of plants. Hormones play an important role in coordinating the growth and development of plants and their tolerance to low temperatures. However, the mechanisms by which hormones affect plant resistance to extreme cold stress in the natural environment are still unclear. In this study, two winter wheat varieties with different cold resistances, Dn1 and J22, were used to conduct targeted plant hormone metabolome analysis on the tillering nodes of winter wheat at 5 °C, -10 °C and -25 °C using an LC-ESI-MS/MS system. We screened 39 hormones from 88 plant hormone metabolites and constructed a partial regulatory network of auxin, jasmonic acid and cytokinin. GO analysis and enrichment of KEGG pathways in different metabolites showed that the 'plant hormone signal transduction' pathway was the most common. Our study showed that extreme low temperature increased the most levels of auxin, cytokinin and salicylic acid, and decreased levels of jasmonic acid and abscisic acid, and that levels of auxin, jasmonic acid and cytokinin in Dn1 were higher than those in J22. These changes in hormone levels were associated with changes in gene expression in synthesis, catabolism, transport and signal transduction pathways. These results differ from the previous hormone regulation mechanisms, which were mostly obtained at 4 °C. Our results provide a basis for further understanding the molecular mechanisms by which plant endogenous hormones regulate plant freezing stress tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - M Yu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - J Xia
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Z Ren
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - J Xing
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - C Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Q Xu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - J Cang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - D Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sun J, Bie XM, Chu XL, Wang N, Zhang XS, Gao XQ. Genome-edited TaTFL1-5 mutation decreases tiller and spikelet numbers in common wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1142779. [PMID: 36895877 PMCID: PMC9989183 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1142779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tillering is a critical agronomic trait of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that determines the shoot architecture and affects grain yield. TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1), encoding a phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein, is implicated in the transition to flowering and shoot architecture in plant development. However, the roles of TFL1 homologs is little known in wheat development. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis was used in this study to generate a set of wheat (Fielder) mutants with single, double or triple-null tatfl1-5 alleles. The wheat tatfl1-5 mutations decreased the tiller number per plant in the vegetative growth stage and the effective tiller number per plant and spikelet number per spike at maturity in the field. RNA-seq analysis showed that the expression of the auxin signaling-related and cytokinin signaling-related genes was significantly changed in the axillary buds of tatfl1-5 mutant seedlings. The results suggested that wheat TaTFL1-5s were implicated in tiller regulation by auxin and cytokinin signaling.
Collapse
|
8
|
Hua YP, Zhang YF, Zhang TY, Chen JF, Song HL, Wu PJ, Yue CP, Huang JY, Feng YN, Zhou T. Low iron ameliorates the salinity-induced growth cessation of seminal roots in wheat seedlings. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:567-591. [PMID: 36358019 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wheat plants are ubiquitously simultaneously exposed to salinity and limited iron availability caused by soil saline-alkalisation. Through this study, we found that both low Fe and NaCl severely inhibited the growth of seminal roots in wheat seedlings; however, sufficient Fe caused greater growth cessation of seminal roots than low Fe under salt stress. Low Fe improved the root meristematic division activity, not altering the mature cell sizes compared with sufficient Fe under salt stress. Foliar Fe spray and split-root experiments showed that low Fe-alleviating the salinity-induced growth cessation of seminal roots was dependent on local low Fe signals in the roots. Ionomics combined with TEM/X-ray few differences in the root Na+ uptake and vacuolar Na+ sequestration between two Fe levels under salt stress. Phytohormone profiling and metabolomics revealed salinity-induced overaccumulation of ACC/ethylene and tryptophan/auxin in the roots under sufficient Fe than under low Fe. Differential gene expression, pharmacological inhibitor addition and the root growth performance of transgenic wheat plants revealed that the rootward auxin efflux and was responsible for the low Fe-mediated amelioration of the salinity-induced growth cessation of seminal roots. Our findings will provide novel insights into the modulation of crop root growth under salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Peng Hua
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhang
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tian-Yu Zhang
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun-Fan Chen
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hai-Li Song
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peng-Jia Wu
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cai-Peng Yue
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jin-Yong Huang
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying-Na Feng
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
The Strigolactone Pathway Is a Target for Modifying Crop Shoot Architecture and Yield. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12010095. [PMID: 36671787 PMCID: PMC9855930 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to their sessile nature, plants have developed the ability to adapt their architecture in response to their environment. Branching is an integral component of plant architecture, where hormonal signals tightly regulate bud outgrowth. Strigolactones (SLs), being a novel class of phytohormone, are known to play a key role in branching decisions, where they act as a negative regulator of bud outgrowth. They can achieve this by modulating polar auxin transport to interrupt auxin canalisation, and independently of auxin by acting directly within buds by promoting the key branching inhibitor TEOSINTE BRANCHED1. Buds will grow out in optimal conditions; however, when conditions are sub-optimal, SL levels increase to restrict branching. This can be a problem in agricultural applications, as reductions in branching can have deleterious effects on crop yield. Variations in promoter elements of key SL-related genes, such as IDEAL PLANT ARCHITECTURE1, have been identified to promote a phenotype with enhanced yield performance. In this review we highlight how this knowledge can be applied using new technologies to develop new genetic variants for improving crop shoot architecture and yield.
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao J, Sun L, Gao H, Hu M, Mu L, Cheng X, Wang J, Zhao Y, Li Q, Wang P, Li H, Zhang Y. Genome-wide association study of yield-related traits in common wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) under normal and drought treatment conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1098560. [PMID: 36684753 PMCID: PMC9846334 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1098560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The primary goal of modern wheat breeding is to develop new high-yielding and widely adaptable varieties. We analyzed four yield-related agronomic traits in 502 wheat accessions under normal conditions (NC) and drought treatment (DT) conditions over three years. The genome-wide association analysis identified 51 yield-related and nine drought-resistance-related QTL, including 13 for the thousand-grain weight (TGW), 30 for grain length (GL), three for grain width (GW), five for spike length (SL) and nine for stress tolerance index (STI) QTL in wheat. These QTL, containing 72 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), explained 2.23 - 7.35% of the phenotypic variation across multiple environments. Eight stable SNPs on chromosomes 2A, 2D, 3B, 4A, 5B, 5D, and 7D were associated with phenotypic stability under NC and DT conditions. Two of these stable SNPs had association with TGW and STI. Several novel QTL for TGW, GL and SL were identified on different chromosomes. Three linked SNPs were transformed into kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers. These results will facilitate the discovery of promising SNPs for yield-related traits and/or drought stress tolerance and will accelerate the development of new wheat varieties with desirable alleles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lijing Sun
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huimin Gao
- Institute of Cash Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengyun Hu
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liming Mu
- Institute of Cereal Crops, Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dingxi, China
| | - Xiaohu Cheng
- Institute of Cereal Crops, Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dingxi, China
| | - Jianbing Wang
- Institute of Cereal Crops, Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dingxi, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qianying Li
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Peinan Wang
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yingjun Zhang
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Genome-Wide Identification of Wheat KNOX Gene Family and Functional Characterization of TaKNOX14-D in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415918. [PMID: 36555558 PMCID: PMC9784718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The KNOX genes play important roles in maintaining SAM and regulating the development of plant leaves. However, the TaKNOX genes in wheat are still not well understood, especially their role in abiotic stress. In this study, a total of 36 KNOX genes were identified, and we demonstrated the function of the TaKNOX14-D gene under mechanical injury and cold stress. Thirty-six TaKNOX genes were divided into two groups, and thirty-four TaKNOX genes were predicted to be located in the nucleus by Cell-PLoc. These genes contained five tandem duplications. Fifteen collinear gene pairs were exhibited in wheat and rice, one collinear gene pair was exhibited in wheat and Arabidopsis. The phylogenetic tree and motif analysis suggested that the TaKNOX gene appeared before C3 and C4 diverged. Gene structure showed that the numbers of exons and introns in TaKNOX gene are different. Wheat TaKNOX genes showed different expression patterns during the wheat growth phase, with seven TaKNOX genes being highly expressed in the whole growth period. These seven genes were also highly expressed in most tissues, and also responded to most abiotic stress. Eleven TaKNOX genes were up-regulated in the tillering node during the leaf regeneration period after mechanical damage. When treating the wheat with different hormones, the expression patterns of TaKNOX were changed, and results showed that ABA promoted TaKNOX expression and seven TaKNOX genes were up-regulated under cytokinin and auxin treatment. Overexpression of the TaKNOX14-D gene in Arabidopsis could increase the leaf size, plant height and seed size. This gene overexpression in Arabidopsis also increased the compensatory growth capacity after mechanical damage. Overexpression lines also showed high resistance to cold stress. This study provides a better understanding of the TaKNOX genes.
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu J, Xu D, Fu L, Wu L, Hao W, Li J, Dong Y, Wang F, Wu Y, He Z, Si H, Ma C, Xia X. Fine mapping of a stripe rust resistance gene YrZM175 in bread wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:2665-2673. [PMID: 35986759 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04140-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A stripe rust resistance gene YrZM175 in Chinese wheat cultivar Zhongmai 175 was mapped to a genomic interval of 636.4 kb on chromosome arm 2AL, and a candidate gene was predicted. Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (PST), is a worldwide wheat disease that causes large losses in production. Fine mapping and cloning of resistance genes are important for accurate marker-assisted breeding. Here, we report the fine mapping and candidate gene analysis of stripe rust resistance gene YrZM175 in a Chinese wheat cultivar Zhongmai 175. Fifteen F1, 7,325 F2 plants and 117 F2:3 lines derived from cross Avocet S/Zhongmai 175 were inoculated with PST race CYR32 at the seedling stage in a greenhouse, and F2:3 lines were also evaluated for stripe rust reaction in the field using mixed PST races. Bulked segregant RNA-seq (BSR-seq) analyses revealed 13 SNPs in the region 762.50-768.52 Mb on chromosome arm 2AL. By genome mining, we identified SNPs and InDels between the parents and contrasting bulks and mapped YrZM175 to a 0.72-cM, 636.4-kb interval spanned by YrZM175-InD1 and YrZM175-InD2 (763,452,916-764,089,317 bp) including two putative disease resistance genes based on IWGSC RefSeq v1.0. Collinearity analysis indicated similar target genomic intervals in Chinese Spring, Aegilops tauschii (2D: 647.7-650.5 Mb), Triticum urartu (2A: 750.7-752.3 Mb), Triticum dicoccoides (2A: 771.0-774.5 Mb), Triticum turgidum (2B: 784.7-788.2 Mb), and Triticum aestivum cv. Aikang 58 (2A: 776.3-778.9 Mb) and Jagger (2A: 789.3-791.7 Mb). Through collinearity analysis, sequence alignments of resistant and susceptible parents and gene expression level analysis, we predicted TRITD2Bv1G264480 from Triticum turgidum to be a candidate gene for map-based cloning of YrZM175. A gene-specific marker for TRITD2Bv1G264480 co-segregated with the resistance gene. Molecular marker analysis and stripe rust response data revealed that YrZM175 was different from genes Yr1, Yr17, Yr32, and YrJ22 located on chromosome 2A. Fine mapping of YrZM175 lays a solid foundation for functional gene analysis and marker-assisted selection for improved stripe rust resistance in wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingchun Wu
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui province, China
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Centre, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Dengan Xu
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong province, China
| | - Luping Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu province, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu province, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Ling Wu
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 4 Shizishan Road, Chengdu, 610011, Sichuan province, China
| | - Weihao Hao
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui province, China
| | - Jihu Li
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongye North Road, Jinan, 250100, Shandong province, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Centre, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fengju Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Centre, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuying Wu
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, 63 Agricultural Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan province, China
| | - Zhonghu He
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Centre, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) China Office c/o, CAAS, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hongqi Si
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui province, China
| | - Chuanxi Ma
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui province, China.
| | - Xianchun Xia
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui province, China.
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Centre, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wheat genomic study for genetic improvement of traits in China. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:1718-1775. [PMID: 36018491 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2178-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major crop that feeds 40% of the world's population. Over the past several decades, advances in genomics have led to tremendous achievements in understanding the origin and domestication of wheat, and the genetic basis of agronomically important traits, which promote the breeding of elite varieties. In this review, we focus on progress that has been made in genomic research and genetic improvement of traits such as grain yield, end-use traits, flowering regulation, nutrient use efficiency, and biotic and abiotic stress responses, and various breeding strategies that contributed mainly by Chinese scientists. Functional genomic research in wheat is entering a new era with the availability of multiple reference wheat genome assemblies and the development of cutting-edge technologies such as precise genome editing tools, high-throughput phenotyping platforms, sequencing-based cloning strategies, high-efficiency genetic transformation systems, and speed-breeding facilities. These insights will further extend our understanding of the molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks underlying agronomic traits and facilitate the breeding process, ultimately contributing to more sustainable agriculture in China and throughout the world.
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang H, Ouyang Q, Yang C, Zhang Z, Hou D, Liu H, Xu H. Mutation of OsPIN1b by CRISPR/Cas9 Reveals a Role for Auxin Transport in Modulating Rice Architecture and Root Gravitropism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168965. [PMID: 36012245 PMCID: PMC9409181 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The distribution and content of auxin within plant tissues affect a variety of important growth and developmental processes. Polar auxin transport (PAT), mainly mediated by auxin influx and efflux transporters, plays a vital role in determining auxin maxima and gradients in plants. The auxin efflux carrier PIN-FORMED (PIN) family is one of the major protein families involved in PAT. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) genome possesses 12 OsPIN genes. However, the detailed functions of OsPIN genes involved in regulating the rice architecture and gravity response are less well understood. In the present study, OsPIN1b was disrupted by CRISPR/Cas9 technology, and its roles in modulating rice architecture and root gravitropism were investigated. Tissue-specific analysis showed that OsPIN1b was mainly expressed in roots, stems and sheaths at the seedling stage, and the transcript abundance was progressively decreased during the seedling stages. Expression of OsPIN1b could be quickly and greatly induced by NAA, indicating that OsPIN1b played a vital role in PAT. IAA homeostasis was disturbed in ospin1b mutants, as evidenced by the changed sensitivity of shoot and root to NAA and NPA treatment, respectively. Mutation of OsPIN1b resulted in pleiotropic phenotypes, including decreased growth of shoots and primary roots, reduced adventitious root number in rice seedlings, as well as shorter and narrower leaves, increased leaf angle, more tiller number and decreased plant height and panicle length at the late developmental stage. Moreover, ospin1b mutants displayed a curly root phenotype cultured with tap water regardless of lighting conditions, while nutrient solution culture could partially rescue the curly root phenotype in light and almost completely abolish this phenotype in darkness, indicating the involvement of the integration of light and nutrient signals in root gravitropism regulation. Additionally, amyloplast sedimentation was impaired in the peripheral tiers of the ospin1b root cap columella cell, while it was not the main contributor to the abnormal root gravitropism. These data suggest that OsPIN1b not only plays a vital role in regulating rice architecture but also functions in regulating root gravitropism by the integration of light and nutrient signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Wang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Qiqi Ouyang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Chong Yang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Zhuoyan Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Dianyun Hou
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Hao Liu
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Huawei Xu
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kellogg EA. Genetic control of branching patterns in grass inflorescences. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:2518-2533. [PMID: 35258600 PMCID: PMC9252490 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Inflorescence branching in the grasses controls the number of florets and hence the number of seeds. Recent data on the underlying genetics come primarily from rice and maize, although new data are accumulating in other systems as well. This review focuses on a window in developmental time from the production of primary branches by the inflorescence meristem through to the production of glumes, which indicate the transition to producing a spikelet. Several major developmental regulatory modules appear to be conserved among most or all grasses. Placement and development of primary branches are controlled by conserved auxin regulatory genes. Subtending bracts are repressed by a network including TASSELSHEATH4, and axillary branch meristems are regulated largely by signaling centers that are adjacent to but not within the meristems themselves. Gradients of SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING-like and APETALA2-like proteins and their microRNA regulators extend along the inflorescence axis and the branches, governing the transition from production of branches to production of spikelets. The relative speed of this transition determines the extent of secondary and higher order branching. This inflorescence regulatory network is modified within individual species, particularly as regards formation of secondary branches. Differences between species are caused both by modifications of gene expression and regulators and by presence or absence of critical genes. The unified networks described here may provide tools for investigating orphan crops and grasses other than the well-studied maize and rice.
Collapse
|
16
|
Awan MJA, Pervaiz K, Rasheed A, Amin I, Saeed NA, Dhugga KS, Mansoor S. Genome edited wheat- current advances for the second green revolution. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 60:108006. [PMID: 35732256 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Common wheat is a major source of nutrition around the globe, but unlike maize and rice hybrids, no breakthrough has been made to enhance wheat yield since Green Revolution. With the availability of reference genome sequence of wheat and advancement of allied genomics technologies, understanding of genes involved in grain yield components and disease resistance/susceptibility has opened new avenues for crop improvement. Wheat has a huge hexaploidy genome of approximately 17 GB with 85% repetition, and it is a daunting task to induce any mutation across three homeologues that can be helpful for the enhancement of agronomic traits. The CRISPR-Cas9 system provides a promising platform for genome editing in a site-specific manner. In wheat, CRISPR-Cas9 is being used in the improvement of yield, grain quality, biofortification, resistance against diseases, and tolerance against abiotic factors. The promising outcomes of the CRISPR-based multiplexing approach circumvent the constraint of targeting merely one gene at a time. Deployment of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated (Cas) 9 endonuclease (CRISPR-Cas9) and Cas9 variant systems such as cytidine base editing, adenosine base editing, and prime editing in wheat has been used to induce point mutations more precisely. Scientists have acquired major events such as induction of male sterility, fertility restoration, and alteration of seed dormancy through Cas9 in wheat that can facilitate breeding programs for elite variety development. Furthermore, a recent discovery in tissue culturing enables scientists to significantly enhance regeneration efficiency in wheat by transforming the GRF4-GIF1 cassette. Rapid generation advancement by speed breeding technology provides the opportunity for the generation advancement of the desired plants to segregate out unwanted transgenes and allows rapid integration of gene-edited wheat into the breeding pipeline. The combination of these novel technologies addresses some of the most important limiting factors for sustainable and climate-smart wheat that should lead to the second "Green Revolution" for global food security.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jawad Akbar Awan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Komal Pervaiz
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Awais Rasheed
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) & CIMMYT-China office, 12 Zhongguanccun South Street, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Imran Amin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nasir A Saeed
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kanwarpal S Dhugga
- Corteva Agriscience, Johnston, IA, USA; International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), El Batan, Mexico
| | - Shahid Mansoor
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li J, Zhou K, Wang Z, Zhou J, Deng X. 基于隐性核雄性不育系的杂交小麦制种技术研究进展、问题与展望. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2022. [DOI: 10.1360/tb-2022-0386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
18
|
Che Y, He Y, Song N, Yang Y, Wei L, Yang X, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Han H, Li X, Zhou S, Liu W, Li L. Four-Year and Five-Developing-Stage Dynamic QTL Mapping for Tiller Number in the Hybrid Population of Agropyron Gaertn. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:835437. [PMID: 35283893 PMCID: PMC8907830 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.835437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tiller number (TN) is an important agronomic trait affecting gramineous crop yield. To understand the static and dynamic information of quantitative trait locus (QTLs) controlling TN of Agropyron Gaertn., both the unconditional and conditional quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping of TN were conducted using a cross-pollinated (CP) hybrid population with a total of 113 plant lines from the cross between Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn. Z1842 and Allium mongolicum Keng Z2098, based on the phenotypic data of TN at five developmental stages [i.e., recovering stage (RS), jointing stage (JS), heading stage (HS), flowering stage (FS), and maturity stage (MS)] in 4 years (i.e., 2017, 2018, 2020, and 2021) and the genetic map constructed of 1,023 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Thirty-seven QTLs controlling TN were detected using two analysis methods in 4 years, which were distributed in six linkage groups. Each QTL explained 2.96-31.11% of the phenotypic variation, with a logarithum of odds (LOD) value of 2.51-13.95. Nine of these loci detected both unconditional and conditional QTLs. Twelve unconditional major QTLs and sixteen conditional major QTLs were detected. Three relatively major stable conditional QTLs, namely, cQTN1-3, cQTN1-5, and cQTN4-1, were expressed in 2020 and 2021. Meantime, two pairs of major QTLs cQTN1-5 and qTN1-4 and also cQTN2-4 and qTN2-3 were located at the same interval but in different years. Except for qTN2-2 and qTN3-5/cQTN3-5, other thirty-four QTLs were first detected in this study. This study provides a better interpretation of genetic factors that selectively control tiller at different developmental stages and a reference for molecular marker-assisted selection in the related plant improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghe Che
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology, Qinhuangdao, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yutong He
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology, Qinhuangdao, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Nan Song
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology, Qinhuangdao, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yanping Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology, Qinhuangdao, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology, Qinhuangdao, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xinming Yang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiming Han
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuquan Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shenghui Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weihua Liu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lihui Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|