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Tang X, Liu Y, Li S, Pei Y, Wei Q, Zhang L, Shi Y. Expression pattern of Stlhcb gene family in potato and effects of overexpression of Stcp24 gene on potato photosynthesis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305781. [PMID: 39178225 PMCID: PMC11343382 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Potato is one of the four staple food crops in the world. It has a wide range of cultivation, high yield, and high nutritional value. Enhancing the photosynthesis of potato is particularly important as it leads to an increase in the potato yield. The light-harvesting pigment-binding protein complex is very important for plant photosynthesis. We identified 12 Stlhcb gene family members from the potato variety "Atlantic" using transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics. The proteins encoded by the Stlhcb gene family have between 3358 and 4852 atomic number, a relative molecular weight between 24060.16 and 34624.54 Da, and an isoelectric point between 4.99 and 8.65. The RT-qPCR results showed that the 12 Stlhcb genes were expressed in a tissue-specific and time-dependent fashion under low light. The relative expression of the Stlhcb genes in the leaves was significantly higher than that in the stems and roots, and the relative expression of these genes first increased and then decreased with the prolongation of light exposure time. The Stcp24 gene with the highest expression was cloned, and an expression vector was constructed. A subcellular localization analysis was performed in tobacco and an overexpression experiment was performed in potato using an Agrobacterium-mediated method. The subcellular localization analysis showed that the protein encoded by Stcp24 was located in chloroplasts as expected. Overexpression of Stcp24 in transgenic potato increased the yield of potatoes and the content of chlorophyll a and b; increased the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, electron transport efficiency, and semi-saturated light intensity; and promoted photosynthesis and plant growth. This study provides a reference for the study of the function of the potato light-harvesting pigment-binding protein gene family. It lays a foundation for further study of the mechanism of the photosynthesis of potato, improvement of the light energy utilization of potato, and molecular breeding of potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Tang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- National Research Center of Soybean Engineering and Technology, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement and Physiology & Ecology of Food Crop in Cold Region, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yulin Liu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shiwei Li
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yating Pei
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Qiaorong Wei
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement and Physiology & Ecology of Food Crop in Cold Region, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement and Physiology & Ecology of Food Crop in Cold Region, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Shi
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement and Physiology & Ecology of Food Crop in Cold Region, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
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Yang J, Qiao H, Wu C, Huang H, Nzambimana C, Jiang C, Wang J, Tang D, Zhong W, Du K, Zhang K, Lyu C. Physiological and Transcriptome Responses of Sweet Potato [ Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] to Weak-Light Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2214. [PMID: 39204650 PMCID: PMC11359650 DOI: 10.3390/plants13162214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
In the relay intercropping system of maize/sweet potato, the growth of the sweet potatoes is seriously limited by weak light stress in the early stage due to shade from maize plants. However, it is not clear how the weak light affects sweet potatoes and causes tuberous root loss. By setting two light intensity levels (weak light = 30% transmittance of normal light), this study evaluated the responses of two sweet potato cultivars with different tolerances to weak light in a field-based experiment and examined the divergence of gene expression related to light and photosynthesis in a pot-based experiment. The results showed that under weak light, the anatomic structure of functional leaves changed, and the leaf thickness decreased by 39.98% and 17.32% for Yuhongxinshu-4 and Wanshu-7, respectively. The ratio of S/R increased, and root length, root superficial area, and root volume all decreased. The photosynthetic enzyme rubisco was weakened, and the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) declined as well. The level of gene expression in Wanshu-7 was higher than that of Yuhongxinshu-4. The KEGG analysis showed that differentially expressed genes from the two cultivars under weak-light stress used the same enrichment pathway, mainly via glutathione metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis. After full light levels were restored, the differentially expressed genes were all enriched in pathways such as photosynthesis, photosynthetic pigment synthesis, and carbon metabolism. These findings indicated that weak light changed the plant morphology, photosynthetic physiology and gene expression levels of sweet potatoes, which eventually caused losses in the tuberous root yield. The more light-sensitive cultivar (Wanshu-7) had stronger reactions to weak light. This study provides a theoretical basis and strategy for breeding low-light-tolerant varieties and improving relay intercropping production in sweet potatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Y.)
- Special Crops Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Huanhuan Qiao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Human Resources Department, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hong Huang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Claude Nzambimana
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Cheng Jiang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jichun Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Daobin Tang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Weiran Zhong
- Special Crops Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Kang Du
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Changwen Lyu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
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Zhou C, Gu X, Li J, Su X, Chen S, Tang J, Chen L, Cai N, Xu Y. Physiological Characteristics and Transcriptomic Responses of Pinus yunnanensis Lateral Branching to Different Shading Environments. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1588. [PMID: 38931020 PMCID: PMC11207258 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Pinus yunnanensis is an important component of China's economic development and forest ecosystems. The growth of P. yunnanensis seedlings experienced a slow growth phase, which led to a long seedling cultivation period. However, asexual reproduction can ensure the stable inheritance of the superior traits of the mother tree and also shorten the breeding cycle. The quantity and quality of branching significantly impact the cutting reproduction of P. yunnanensis, and a shaded environment affects lateral branching growth, development, and photosynthesis. Nonetheless, the physiological characteristics and the level of the transcriptome that underlie the growth of lateral branches of P. yunnanensis under shade conditions are still unclear. In our experiment, we subjected annual P. yunnanensis seedlings to varying shade intensities (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%) and studied the effects of shading on growth, physiological and biochemical changes, and gene expression in branching. Results from this study show that shading reduces biomass production by inhibiting the branching ability of P. yunnanensis seedlings. Due to the regulatory and protective roles of osmotically active substances against environmental stress, the contents of soluble sugars, soluble proteins, photosynthetic pigments, and enzyme activities exhibit varying responses to different shading treatments. Under shading treatment, the contents of phytohormones were altered. Additionally, genes associated with phytohormone signaling and photosynthetic pathways exhibited differential expression. This study established a theoretical foundation for shading regulation of P. yunnanensis lateral branch growth and provides scientific evidence for the management of cutting orchards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiyu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (X.S.); (S.C.); (J.T.); (L.C.); (N.C.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Xuesha Gu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (X.S.); (S.C.); (J.T.); (L.C.); (N.C.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jiangfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (X.S.); (S.C.); (J.T.); (L.C.); (N.C.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Xin Su
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (X.S.); (S.C.); (J.T.); (L.C.); (N.C.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (X.S.); (S.C.); (J.T.); (L.C.); (N.C.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Junrong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (X.S.); (S.C.); (J.T.); (L.C.); (N.C.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (X.S.); (S.C.); (J.T.); (L.C.); (N.C.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Nianhui Cai
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (X.S.); (S.C.); (J.T.); (L.C.); (N.C.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Yulan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (C.Z.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (X.S.); (S.C.); (J.T.); (L.C.); (N.C.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
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Wu Z, Liu K, Zhang X, Tang Q, Zeng L. CsNYC1a Mediates Chlorophyll Degradation and Albino Trait Formation in the Arbor-Type Tea Plant Camellia nanchuanica. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38848450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Albino germplasms are prized tea plant mutants with yellow/white leaves. However, understanding of the albino mechanisms in non-Camellia sinensis tea species remains limited. This study elucidated the albino trait formation in Nanchuan Dachashu (C. nanchuanica), an arbor-type tea species, and its association with tea quality. The yellow-leaved albino individual NH1 exhibited abnormal chloroplast ultrastructure and reduced chlorophyll/carotenoid levels compared to green-leaved NL1. Integrating transcriptomics, metabolomics, yeast one-hybrid, and transgenic approaches identified the chlorophyll b reductase gene CsNYC1a as a key regulator, which was significantly up-regulated in NH1, and its overexpression in Arabidopsis recapitulated the albino phenotype. In yeast, histone CsH1.2 binds to the CsNYC1a promoter. These findings suggest that CsH1.2-CsNYC1a-mediated chlorophyll degradation may be a key mechanism underlying albino formation in Nanchuan Dachashu. In addition, as a germplasm with higher polyphenol-to-amino acid ratio than NL1, NH1 offers more possibilities for breeding and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Wu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Keyi Liu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qianhui Tang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Liang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Nanes Sarfati D, Xue Y, Song ES, Byrne A, Le D, Darmanis S, Quake SR, Burlacot A, Sikes J, Wang B. Coordinated wound responses in a regenerative animal-algal holobiont. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4032. [PMID: 38740753 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48366-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Animal regeneration involves coordinated responses across cell types throughout the animal body. In endosymbiotic animals, whether and how symbionts react to host injury and how cellular responses are integrated across species remain unexplored. Here, we study the acoel Convolutriloba longifissura, which hosts symbiotic Tetraselmis sp. green algae and can regenerate entire bodies from tissue fragments. We show that animal injury causes a decline in the photosynthetic efficiency of the symbiotic algae, alongside two distinct, sequential waves of transcriptional responses in acoel and algal cells. The initial algal response is characterized by the upregulation of a cohort of photosynthesis-related genes, though photosynthesis is not necessary for regeneration. A conserved animal transcription factor, runt, is induced after injury and required for acoel regeneration. Knockdown of Cl-runt dampens transcriptional responses in both species and further reduces algal photosynthetic efficiency post-injury. Our results suggest that the holobiont functions as an integrated unit of biological organization by coordinating molecular networks across species through the runt-dependent animal regeneration program.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuan Xue
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eun Sun Song
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Daniel Le
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Stephen R Quake
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Adrien Burlacot
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - James Sikes
- Department of Biology, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Shah SHA, Wang H, Xu H, Yu Z, Hou X, Li Y. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Protective Role of Melatonin during Salt Stress by Regulating the Photosynthesis and Ascorbic Acid Metabolism Pathways in Brassica campestris. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5092. [PMID: 38791131 PMCID: PMC11121352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Salinity stress is a type of abiotic stress which negatively affects the signaling pathways and cellular compartments of plants. Melatonin (MT) has been found to be a bioactive compound that can mitigate these adverse effects, which makes it necessary to understand the function of MT and its role in salt stress. During this study, plants were treated exogenously with 100 µM of MT for 7 days and subjected to 200 mM of salt stress, and samples were collected after 1 and 7 days for different indicators and transcriptome analysis. The results showed that salt reduced chlorophyll contents and damaged the chloroplast structure, which was confirmed by the downregulation of key genes involved in the photosynthesis pathway after transcriptome analysis and qRT-PCR confirmation. Meanwhile, MT increased the chlorophyll contents, reduced the electrolyte leakage, and protected the chloroplast structure during salt stress by upregulating several photosynthesis pathway genes. MT also decreased the H2O2 level and increased the ascorbic acid contents and APX activity by upregulating genes involved in the ascorbic acid pathway during salt stress, as confirmed by the transcriptome and qRT-PCR analyses. Transcriptome profiling also showed that 321 and 441 DEGs were expressed after 1 and 7 days of treatment, respectively. The KEGG enrichment analysis showed that 76 DEGs were involved in the photosynthesis pathway, while 35 DEGs were involved in the ascorbic acid metabolism pathway, respectively. These results suggest that the exogenous application of MT in plants provides important insight into understanding MT-induced stress-responsive mechanisms and protecting Brassica campestris against salt stress by regulating the photosynthesis and ascorbic acid pathway genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayyed Hamad Ahmad Shah
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (S.H.A.S.); (H.W.); (H.X.); (Z.Y.); (X.H.)
- Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (S.H.A.S.); (H.W.); (H.X.); (Z.Y.); (X.H.)
- Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huanhuan Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (S.H.A.S.); (H.W.); (H.X.); (Z.Y.); (X.H.)
- Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhanghong Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (S.H.A.S.); (H.W.); (H.X.); (Z.Y.); (X.H.)
- Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xilin Hou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (S.H.A.S.); (H.W.); (H.X.); (Z.Y.); (X.H.)
- Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ying Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (S.H.A.S.); (H.W.); (H.X.); (Z.Y.); (X.H.)
- Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Li X, Zhang W, Niu D, Liu X. Effects of abiotic stress on chlorophyll metabolism. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 342:112030. [PMID: 38346561 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Chlorophyll, an essential pigment in the photosynthetic machinery of plants, plays a pivotal role in the absorption of light energy and its subsequent transfer to reaction centers. Given that the global production of chlorophyll reaches billions of tons annually, a comprehensive understanding of its biosynthetic pathways and regulatory mechanisms is important. The metabolic pathways governing chlorophyll biosynthesis and catabolism are complex, encompassing a series of interconnected reactions mediated by a spectrum of enzymes. Environmental fluctuations, particularly abiotic stressors such as drought, extreme temperature variations, and excessive light exposure, can significantly perturb these processes. Such disruptions in chlorophyll metabolism have profound implications for plant growth and development. This review delves into the core aspects of chlorophyll metabolism, encompassing both biosynthetic and degradative pathways. It elucidates key genes and enzymes instrumental in these processes and underscores the impact of abiotic stress on chlorophyll metabolism. Furthermore, the review aims to deepen the understanding of the interplay between chlorophyll metabolic dynamics and stress responses, thereby shedding light on potential regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Di Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Cheng H, Wan Z, Xu Y, Shen J, Li X, Jin S. Transcriptome and photosynthetic analyses provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying heat stress tolerance in Rhododendron × pulchrum Sweet. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 44:tpad133. [PMID: 37930230 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpad133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Rhododendron species provide excellent ornamental use worldwide, yet heat stress (HS) is one of the major threats to their cultivation. However, the intricate mechanisms underlying the photochemical and transcriptional regulations associated with the heat stress response in Rhododendron remain relatively unexplored. In this study, the analyses of morphological characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) kinetics showed that HS (40 °C/35 °C) had a notable impact on both the donor's and acceptor's sides of photosystem II (PSII), resulting in reduced PSII activity and electron transfer capacity. The gradual recovery of plants observed following a 5-day period of culture under normal conditions indicates the reversible nature of the HS impact on Rhododendron × pulchrum. Analysis of transcriptome data unveiled noteworthy trends: four genes associated with photosynthesis-antenna protein synthesis (LHCb1, LHCb2 and LHCb3) and the antioxidant system (glutamate-cysteine ligase) experienced significant down-regulation in the leaves of R. × pulchrum during HS. Conversely, aseorbate peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase TAU 8 demonstrated an up-regulated pattern. Furthermore, six down-regulated genes (phos-phoenolpyruvate carboxylase 4, sedoheptulose-bisphosphatase, ribose-5-phosphate isomerase 2, high cyclic electron flow 1, beta glucosidase 32 and starch synthase 2) and two up-regulated genes (beta glucosidase 2 and UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase 2) implicated in photosynthetic carbon fixation and starch/sucrose metabolism were identified during the recovery process. To augment these insights, a weighted gene co-expression network analysis yielded a co-expression network, pinpointing the hub genes correlated with ChlF dynamics' variation trends. The cumulative results showed that HS inhibited the synthesis of photosynthesis-antenna proteins in R. × pulchrum leaves. This disruption subsequently led to diminished photochemical activities in both PSII and PSI, albeit with PSI exhibiting heightened thermostability. Depending on the regulation of the reactive oxygen species scavenging system and heat dissipation, photoprotection sustained the recoverability of R. × pulchrum to HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hefeng Cheng
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
| | - Ziyun Wan
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
| | - Yanxia Xu
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
| | - Jianshuang Shen
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
- Hangzhou Animation & Game College, Hangzhou Vocational & Technical College, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xueqin Li
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
| | - Songheng Jin
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
- School of Life Science and Health, Huzhou College , Huzhou 313000, China
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9
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Jiang A, Liu J, Gao W, Ma R, Zhang J, Zhang X, Du C, Yi Z, Fang X, Zhang J. Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Key Genes Related to Shade Tolerance in Soybean. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14230. [PMID: 37762532 PMCID: PMC10531609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max) is an important crop, rich in proteins, vegetable oils and several other phytochemicals, which is often affected by light during growth. However, the specific regulatory mechanisms of leaf development under shade conditions have yet to be understood. In this study, the transcriptome and metabolome sequencing of leaves from the shade-tolerant soybean 'Nanxiadou 25' under natural light (ND1) and 50% shade rate (SHND1) were carried out, respectively. A total of 265 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 144 down-regulated and 121 up-regulated genes. Meanwhile, KEGG enrichment analysis of DEGs was performed and 22 DEGs were significantly enriched in the top five pathways, including histidine metabolism, riboflavin metabolism, vitamin B6 metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism and cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis. Among all the enrichment pathways, the most DEGs were enriched in plant hormone signaling pathways with 19 DEGs being enriched. Transcription factors were screened out and 34 differentially expressed TFs (DETFs) were identified. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed and identified 10 core hub genes. Combined analysis of transcriptome and metabolome screened out 36 DEGs, and 12 potential candidate genes were screened out and validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay, which may be related to the mechanism of shade tolerance in soybean, such as ATP phosphoribosyl transferase (ATP-PRT2), phosphocholine phosphatase (PEPC), AUXIN-RESPONSIVE PROTEIN (IAA17), PURPLE ACID PHOSPHATASE (PAP), etc. Our results provide new knowledge for the identification and function of candidate genes regulating soybean shade tolerance and provide valuable resources for the genetic dissection of soybean shade tolerance molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aohua Jiang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Weiran Gao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ronghan Ma
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jijun Zhang
- Institute of Specialty Crop, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- Institute of Specialty Crop, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Chengzhang Du
- Institute of Specialty Crop, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Zelin Yi
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaomei Fang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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10
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Zaman S, Shen J, Wang S, Song D, Wang H, Ding S, Pang X, Wang M, Sabir IA, Wang Y, Ding Z. Effect of shading on physiological attributes and comparative transcriptome analysis of Camellia sinensis cultivar reveals tolerance mechanisms to low temperatures. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1114988. [PMID: 36818843 PMCID: PMC9931901 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1114988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tea is a vital beverage crop all over the world, including in China. Low temperatures restrict its growth, development, and terrestrial distribution, and cold event variability worsens cold damage. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms of Camellia sinensis under shade in winter remain unclear. In our study, tea leaves were utilized for physiological attributes and transcriptome analysis in November and December in three shading groups and no-shade control plants. When compared to the no-shade control plants, the shading group protected tea leaves from cold damage, increased photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and soil plant analysis development (SPAD), and sustained chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll, and carotenoid contents by physiological mean. Then, transcriptome analysis revealed 20,807 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and transcription factors (TFs) in November and December. A comparative study of transcriptome resulted in 3,523 DEGs and many TFs under SD0% vs. SD30%, SD0% vs. SD60%, and SD0% vs. SD75% of shading in November and December. Statistically, 114 DEGs were downregulated and 72 were upregulated under SD0% vs. SD30%. SD0% vs. SD60% resulted in 154 DEGs, with 60 downregulated and 94 upregulated. Similarly, there were 505 DEGs of which 244 were downregulated and 263 were upregulated under SD0% vs. SD75% of shading throughout November. However, 279 DEGs were downregulated and 105 were upregulated under SD0% vs. SD30%. SD0% vs. SD60% resulted in 296 DEGs, with 172 downregulated and 124 upregulated. Finally, 2,173 DEGs were regulated in December, with 1,428 downregulated and 745 upregulated under SD0% vs. SD75%. These indicate that the number of downregulated DEGs in December was higher than the number of upregulated DEGs in November during low temperatures. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of differentially expressed genes were highly regulated in the photosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. However, qRT-PCR and RNA-seq relative expression of photosynthetic (DEGs) Lhcb2 in both November and December, plant hormone (DEGs) BRI1 and JAZ in November and IAA and ERF1 in December, and key DEGs of MAPK signal transduction FLS2, CHIB, and MPK4 in November and RBOH, MKK4_5, and MEKK1 in December in three shading groups and no-shade control plants responded to tea cold tolerance. The enhanced expression of light-harvesting photosystem I gene Lhca5, light-harvesting photosystem II gene Lhcb2, and mitogen-activated protein kinases MEKK1 and MPK4/6 enhance the cold-tolerance mechanism of C. sinensis. These comprehensive transcriptomic findings are significant for furthering our understanding of the genes and underlying regulatory mechanisms of shade-mediated low-temperature stress tolerance in horticultural crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shah Zaman
- Tea Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jiazhi Shen
- Tea Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Dapeng Song
- Tea Research Institute, Rizhao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rizhao, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Rizhao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rizhao, China
| | - Shibo Ding
- Tea Research Institute, Rizhao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rizhao, China
| | - Xu Pang
- Tea Research Institute, Rizhao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rizhao, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Rizhao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Rizhao, China
| | - Irfan Ali Sabir
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhaotang Ding
- Tea Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Tea Research Institute, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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11
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Liu D, Cui Y, Zhao Z, Zhang J, Li S, Liu Z. Transcriptome analysis and mining of genes related to shade tolerance in foxtail millet ( Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.). ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:220953. [PMID: 36249327 PMCID: PMC9532984 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.220953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A stereo interplanting system with foxtail millet beneath chestnut trees is an effective planting method to raise the utilization of land in chestnut orchards, increase yields and improve quality of chestnut nuts. Consequently, exploration of genes involved in shade tolerance response in foxtail millet and breeding shade-tolerant varieties have become urgent issues. In this study, RNA-seq of leaf samples from two shade-tolerant varieties and three shade-intolerant varieties of foxtail millet at the booting stage was performed. Comparisons between the varieties revealed that 70 genes were commonly differentially expressed. Moreover, the ratio of net photosynthetic rate under shaded environment to that under light environment could be used as an indicator of shade tolerance. Subsequently, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was employed to construct a co-expression network and modules were correlated with this ratio. A total of 375 genes were identified as potentially relevant to shade tolerance, among which nine genes were also present in the 70 differentially expressed genes, which implied that they were good candidates for genes involved in shade tolerance. Our results provide valuable resources for elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying shade tolerance and will contribute to breeding of shade-tolerant foxtail millet that are adapted to the shaded environment under chestnut trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjiao Cui
- Department of Life Sciences, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zilong Zhao
- Department of Life Sciences, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Life Sciences, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, People's Republic of China
| | - Suying Li
- Department of Life Sciences, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengli Liu
- Department of Life Sciences, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, People's Republic of China
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