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Köktürk M, Özgeriş FB, Atamanalp M, Uçar A, Özdemir S, Parlak V, Duyar HA, Alak G. Microplastic-induced oxidative stress response in turbot and potential intake by humans. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024; 47:296-305. [PMID: 36656072 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2023.2168690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution has become a health concern subject in recent years. Althoughann increasing number of studies about the ingestion of microplastics by fish, research on the oxidative stress response to MPs in natural environments is quite limited. In this study, the identification and characterization of MPs in gill (G), muscle tissues (M), and gastrointestinal tract (GI) of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) were evaluated. Oxidative damage of MPs on the brain (B), liver (L), gill (G), and muscle (M) tissues as well as their effect on superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), paraoxonase (PON), arylesterase (AR) myeloperoxidase (MPO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) biomarkers were evaluated. The potential transmission of MPs from muscle tissues to humans was examined. Results showed that gills contain the highest amounts of MPs, ethylene propylene is the most dominant polymer type, black and blue are the most common MP color, fiber is the most common shape, and 50-200 µm is the most common MP size. Results showed that MPs cause oxidative stress of tissues with inhibiting effect on enzyme activities and promoting impact on lipid peroxidation. The oxidative damage mostly affected the liver (detoxification organ) followed by gill tissue. The intake of MPS in the European Union was estimated by EFSA as 119 items/year, while in Turkey it is 47.88 items/year. This study shows that more research is needed in terms of ecosystem health and food chain safety. The risk assessment of MPs in living organisms and environmental matrices including food safety and human health should be considered a public health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine Köktürk
- Department of Organic Agriculture Management, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Igdir University, Igdir, Turkey
| | - Fatma Betül Özgeriş
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Atamanalp
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Arzu Uçar
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Özdemir
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries, Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey
| | - Veysel Parlak
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hünkar Avni Duyar
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey
| | - Gonca Alak
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Schimites PI, Martins LR, Teixeira LG, Tomio J, Segat H, Baccin P, Lisboa APB, de Andrade CM, de Oliveira JS, Dornelles GL, Engelmann AM, de Oliveira RB, Benetti LC, Soares AV. Influence of the Dose and Frequency of Administration of Tramadol on Analgesia, Hematological, Biochemical Parameters, and Oxidative Status of Cats Undergoing Ovariohysterectomy. Top Companion Anim Med 2023; 55:100801. [PMID: 37423381 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the repeated administration of tramadol subcutaneously on postoperative analgesia, liver, kidneys, and oxidative status in the postoperative period of cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Thirty-seven cats were randomly assigned to 5 groups, according to the postoperative analgesic treatment: NaCl 0.9%, GC; tramadol at 2 mg/kg, T2B (q12h) and T2T (q8h); or 4 mg/kg, T4B (q12h) and T4T (q8h). Oxidative status was assessed at baseline, 12 hours and 24 hours after the final administration of tramadol by the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), myeloperoxidase (MPO), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), and lipoperoxidation (MDA). Total blood count, serum biochemistry and urinalysis were compared between baseline and 12 hours posttramadol. Postoperative pain was evaluated by applying the Glasgow Feline Composite Measure Pain Scale at baseline, 3 (T3), 6 (T6), 8 (T8), 12 (T12), 24 (T24) e 36 (T36) hours after extubation. No side effects were observed. Tramadol increased SOD activity while CAT varied among groups in all time points but not over time. MDA levels increased from baseline to 12 hours in all groups but T4T. MPO activity decreased from baseline to 24 hours in some groups, including GC. Creatinine and phosphatase alkaline decreased in T2T, T4B, and T4T at 12 hours. Higher pain scores were observed from T3 to T8, except for GC. Rescue analgesia was administered only at T3. No difference in pain scores was observed from T8 onwards. Based on the findings, it is suggested that tramadol at 2 mg/kg every 8 hours is recommended for postoperative analgesia of cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ivanir Schimites
- Department of Small Animal Clinics, Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Leticia Reginato Martins
- Department of Small Animal Clinics, Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciana Gonçalves Teixeira
- Department of Small Animal Clinics, Graduate Program in Veterinary Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jessica Tomio
- Department of Small Animal Clinics, Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Hecson Segat
- Department of Small Animal Clinics, Veterinary Medicine College, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Pery Baccin
- Department of Small Animal Clinics, Veterinary Medicine College, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Backes Lisboa
- Department of Small Animal Clinics, Veterinary Medicine College, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade
- Toxicological biochemistry, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Sorraila de Oliveira
- Toxicological biochemistry, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Lopes Dornelles
- Department of Small Animal Clinics, Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Martiele Engelmann
- Department of Small Animal Clinics, Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Renan Bonotto de Oliveira
- Department of Small Animal Clinics, Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Laura Camerini Benetti
- Department of Small Animal Clinics, Veterinary Medicine College, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - André Vasconcelos Soares
- Department of Small Animal Clinics, Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Ahmed HFA, Elnaggar S, Abdel-Wahed GA, Taha RS, Ahmad A, Al-Selwey WA, Ahmed HMH, Khan N, Seleiman MF. Induction of Systemic Resistance in Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. to Control Root Rot and Wilt Diseases Using Biotic and Abiotic Inducers. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:789. [PMID: 37372074 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of inducing systemic resistance in roselle against root rot and wilt diseases was investigated using biotic and abiotic inducers. The biotic inducers included three biocontrol agents (i.e., Bacillus subtilis, Gliocladium catenulatum, and Trichoderma asperellum) and two biofertilizers (i.e., microbein and mycorrhizeen), while the abiotic inducers included three chemical materials (i.e., ascorbic acid, potassium silicate, and salicylic acid). In addition, preliminary in vitro studies were conducted to evaluate the inhibitory activity of the tested inducers on the growth of pathogenic fungi. The results show that G. catenulatum was the most efficient biocontrol agent. It reduced the linear growth of Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum, and Macrophomina phaseolina by 76.1, 73.4, and 73.2%, respectively, followed by B. subtilis by 71.4, 69, and 68.3%, respectively. Similarly, potassium silicate was the most effective chemical inducer followed by salicylic acid, each at 2000 ppm. They reduced the linear growth of F. solani by 62.3 and 55.7%; M. phaseolina by 60.7 and 53.1%; and F. oxysporum by 60.3 and 53%, respectively. In the greenhouse, all inducers applied as a seed treatment and/or foliar spray strongly limited the development of root rot and wilt diseases. In this regard, G. catenulatum, at 1 × 109 CFU mL-1, achieved the highest values of disease control, followed by B. subtilis; while T. asperellum, at 1 × 105 CFU mL-1, recorded the lowest values. In addition, the plants treated with potassium silicate followed by salicylic acid, each at 4 g/L, recorded the highest disease control compared to ascorbic acid at 1 g/L, which had the lowest values. The mixture of mycorrhizeen + microbein (at 10 g/kg seeds) was the most effective compared to either of them alone. All treatments, applied alone or in combination in the field, significantly reduced the incidence of diseases. The most effective treatments were a mixture of G. catenulatum (Gc) + Bacillus subtilis (Bs) + Trichoderma asperellum (Ta); a mixture of ascorbic acid (AA) + potassium silicate (PS) + and salicylic (SA); G. catenulatum; potassium silicate; and a mixture of mycorrhizeen + microbein. Rhizolix T had the highest disease-reducing efficacy. In response to the treatments, significant improvements in growth and yield, changes in biochemicals, and increased activities of defense enzymes were achieved. This research points to the activity of some biotic and abiotic inducers that can play a vital role in managing the root rot and wilt of roselle through the induction of systemic plant resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada F A Ahmed
- Department of Ornamental, Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Diseases, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza P.O. Box 12619, Egypt
| | - Sameh Elnaggar
- Department of Botany (Plant Pathology), Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum P.O. Box 63514, Egypt
| | - Gomaa A Abdel-Wahed
- Department of Ornamental, Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Diseases, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza P.O. Box 12619, Egypt
| | - Ragab S Taha
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef P.O. Box 62521, Egypt
| | - Awais Ahmad
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wadei A Al-Selwey
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hoda M H Ahmed
- Department of Botany (Plant Pathology), Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum P.O. Box 63514, Egypt
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Mahmoud F Seleiman
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Fadhel MN, Appak Baskoy S, Wang Y, Hysi E, Kolios MC. Use of photoacoustic imaging for monitoring vascular disrupting cancer treatments. J Biophotonics 2023; 16:e202000209. [PMID: 32888381 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Vascular disrupting agents disrupt tumor vessels, blocking the nutritional and oxygen supply tumors need to thrive. This is achieved by damaging the endothelium lining of blood vessels, resulting in red blood cells (RBCs) entering the tumor parenchyma. RBCs present in the extracellular matrix are exposed to external stressors resulting in biochemical and physiological changes. The detection of these changes can be used to monitor the efficacy of cancer treatments. Spectroscopic photoacoustic (PA) imaging is an ideal candidate for probing RBCs due to their high optical absorption relative to surrounding tissue. The goal of this work is to use PA imaging to monitor the efficacy of the vascular disrupting agent 5,6-Dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA) through quantitative analysis. Then, 4T1 breast cancer cells were injected subcutaneously into the left hind leg of eight BALB/c mice. After 10 days, half of the mice were treated with 15 mg/kg of DMXAA and the other half were injected with saline. All mice were imaged using the VevoLAZR X PA system before treatment, 24 and 72 hours after treatment. The imaging was done at six wavelengths and linear spectral unmixing was applied to the PA images to quantify three forms of hemoglobin (oxy, deoxy and met-hemoglobin). After imaging, tumors were histologically processed and H&E and TUNEL staining were used to detect the tissue damage induced by the DMXAA treatment. The total hemoglobin concentration remained unchanged after treatment for the saline treated mice. For DMXAA treated mice, a 10% increase of deoxyhemoglobin concentration was detected 24 hours after treatment and a 22.6% decrease in total hemoglobin concentration was observed by 72 hours. A decrease in the PA spectral slope parameters was measured 24 hours after treatment. This suggests that DMXAA induces vascular damage, causing red blood cells to extravasate. Furthermore, H&E staining of the tumor showed areas of bleeding with erythrocyte deposition. These observations are further supported by the increase in TUNEL staining in DMXAA treated tumors, revealing increased cell death due to vascular disruption. This study demonstrates the capability of PA imaging to monitor tumor vessel disruption by the vascular disrupting agent DMXAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhannad N Fadhel
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physics, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sila Appak Baskoy
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physics, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yanjie Wang
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physics, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eno Hysi
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physics, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael C Kolios
- Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physics, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Al-Khayri JM, Rashmi R, Surya Ulhas R, Sudheer WN, Banadka A, Nagella P, Aldaej MI, Rezk AAS, Shehata WF, Almaghasla MI. The Role of Nanoparticles in Response of Plants to Abiotic Stress at Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Levels. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12020292. [PMID: 36679005 PMCID: PMC9865530 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the global agricultural system has been unfavorably impacted by adverse environmental changes. These changes in the climate, in turn, have altered the abiotic conditions of plants, affecting plant growth, physiology and production. Abiotic stress in plants is one of the main obstacles to global agricultural production and food security. Therefore, there is a need for the development of novel approaches to overcome these problems and achieve sustainability. Nanotechnology has emerged as one such novel approach to improve crop production, through the utilization of nanoscale products, such as nanofertilizer, nanofungicides, nanoherbicides and nanopesticides. Their ability to cross cellular barriers makes nanoparticles suitable for their application in agriculture. Since they are easily soluble, smaller, and effective for uptake by plants, nanoparticles are widely used as a modern agricultural tool. The implementation of nanoparticles has been found to be effective in improving the qualitative and quantitative aspects of crop production under various biotic and abiotic stress conditions. This review discusses various abiotic stresses to which plants are susceptible and highlights the importance of the application of nanoparticles in combating abiotic stress, in addition to the major physiological, biochemical and molecular-induced changes that can help plants tolerate stress conditions. It also addresses the potential environmental and health impacts as a result of the extensive use of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameel Mohammed Al-Khayri
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (J.M.A.-K.); (P.N.)
| | - Ramakrishnan Rashmi
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore 560 029, Karnataka, India
| | - Rutwick Surya Ulhas
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Furstengraben 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Wudali N. Sudheer
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore 560 029, Karnataka, India
| | - Akshatha Banadka
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore 560 029, Karnataka, India
| | - Praveen Nagella
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore 560 029, Karnataka, India
- Correspondence: (J.M.A.-K.); (P.N.)
| | - Mohammed Ibrahim Aldaej
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Abdel-Sabour Rezk
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Virus & Phytoplasma Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 3725005, Egypt
| | - Wael Fathi Shehata
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Ibrahim Almaghasla
- Department of Arid Land Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Plant Pests, and Diseases Unit, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Dai Y, Xie H, Zhao X, Zheng Y. The Effect of Sodium Nitroprusside Treatment on Storage Ability of Fresh-Cut Potato. Foods 2023; 12:foods12010221. [PMID: 36613434 PMCID: PMC9818613 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Quality deterioration is a major problem restricting the fresh-cut potato industry. The present study investigated the effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) treatment on the quality of fresh-cut potatoes during short-term storage. The treatment was carried out immediately either before or after cutting, using an SNP concentration of 200 μmol/L. The results showed that SNP treatment inhibited the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total soluble solids (TSSs). SNP treatment also decreased the firmness, chewing properties, and ascorbic acid (AsA) content in potatoes, maintaining high levels of total phenols (TPs), total flavonoids (TFs), nitric oxide (NO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Furthermore, SNP treatment restrained the rise of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), peroxidase (POD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), as well as the electrolyte leakage (EL) rate. After SNP treatment, the nitrite content in the potatoes was within security scope. Comparing potatoes treated before and after cutting, the best result was noted in the potatoes soaked in SNP before cutting, which displayed the smallest losses in firmness (11.24%), chewing properties (34.30%), and AsA (40.35%), and maximum increases in TPs (32.84%), TFs (2.83-time), NO (76.11%), and SOD activity (93.15%). Moreover, this group presented the minimum MDA content, EL rate, and TSS values and the lowest PAL, POD, and PPO activities. These results indicated that 200 μmol/L SNP applied for 20 min, particularly before cutting, is an efficient alternative technology that can be used in the fresh-cut potato industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukexin Dai
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products of Fruits and Vegetables Preservation and Processing, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Institute of Agri-Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100097, China
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Hong Xie
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products of Fruits and Vegetables Preservation and Processing, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Institute of Agri-Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yanyan Zheng
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products of Fruits and Vegetables Preservation and Processing, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Institute of Agri-Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100097, China
- Correspondence:
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Indari O, Tiwari D, Tanwar M, Kumar R, Jha HC. Early biomolecular changes in brain microvascular endothelial cells under Epstein-Barr virus influence: a Raman microspectroscopic investigation. Integr Biol (Camb) 2022; 14:89-97. [PMID: 35780312 DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyac009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The brain microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) play an important role in protecting the brain from hazardous pathogens. However, some viral pathogens can smartly modulate the endothelial pathways to gain entry inside the brain. Further, these viruses can cause endothelial dysfunction which could develop serious neurological ailments. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), an oncogenic virus, has also been linked to various neurological disorders. The virus primarily infects epithelial and B cells, however, it also has a tendency to infect ECs and cause endothelial activation. However, the impact of EBV influence on ECs is still underexplored. Studying the early events of virus-mediated cellular modulation could help in understanding the virus' infection strategy or aftermath. Raman microspectroscopy has been widely utilized in biomedical sciences to decipher cellular changes. To understand the EBV-influenced EC modulation by studying intracellular biomolecular changes at early time points, we utilized the Raman microspectroscopy tool. We treated the ECs with EBV and acquired the Raman spectra at different time points (2, 4, 6, 12, 24 and 36 h) and different sites (nucleus and periphery) to check changes in Raman intensities associated with specific biomolecules. In the EBV-treated cells, the status of various biomolecules in terms of Raman intensities was observed to be altered compared with uninfected cells. Specifically, the cholesterol, polysaccharide, nucleotides, nucleic acid and proline moieties were altered at different time points. We also investigated the possible correlation between these molecules using molecular network analysis and observed various associated factors. These factors could be influenced by EBV to alter the associated biomolecular levels. Our study paves the pathway to study EBV infection in human brain microvascular ECs and highlights specific biomolecular alterations, which can be focused for further mechanistic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omkar Indari
- Infection Bioengineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, India
| | - Deeksha Tiwari
- Infection Bioengineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, India
| | - Manushree Tanwar
- Materials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Materials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, India
| | - Hem Chandra Jha
- Infection Bioengineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, India
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Cherkashyna L, Bondar O, Patalakha O, Shklyar A, Sukhonosov R, Toryanik I, Demikhova N, Barchan G. Informativeness of structural and biochemical changes in the muscle tissue of myocardium in the early postmortem period. Pol Merkur Lekarski 2021; 49:411-416. [PMID: 34919083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Postmortem structural and biochemical changes in the muscle tissue (MT) of myocardium from the positions of forensic examinations (FE) of the prescription of death coming (PDC) were not studied systematically, this fact determining the purpose of the present research. AIM The aim of the research consisted in study of structural and biochemical changes in the tissue of myocardium during the early postmortem period (PMP). MATERIALS AND METHODS The muscle tissue of myocardium within the early PMP (3-13 hours) after the coming of death was studied on 30 human corpses. Six BCM in myocardium muscle homogenates (MMH) were determined: BCM1 - the content of glycogen, BCM2 - the content of acid phosphatase, BCM3 - the content of lactate, BCM4 - the content of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), BCM5 - the content of lipofuscin, BCM6 - the content of cholinesterase. MT was taken with use of special instruments, MT homogenates were prepared following the standard technique. Cytological studies of MT preparations of myocardium as well as their photographic recording were made on an Axiostar microscope (Zeiss, FRG). The optic density (OD) of nuclei and cytoplasm of cardiomyocytes (CMC) in conventional units of OD was measured using VideoTest program (Russia). RESULTS It was found out that changes in MT of myocardium during the early PMP were characterized by the morphological, biochemical and biophysical regularities that we revealed; their most demonstrative features were as follows: - a gradual and constant reduction of the relative OD of CMC nuclei (YM-7) and cytoplasm (YM-8) during 3-13 hours from the moment of death, the rate and stage of these dynamics depending nonlinearly upon PDC; we substantiated and received quantitative regularities (polynomials) for the above biophysical indicators. CONCLUSIONS A comparative morphological study of the ultrastructure of CMC at the early PMP depending upon PDC was performed; - the early PMP is characterized by proper biochemical changes in MT, the most demonstrative of them are as follows: a reduction in the content of glycogen (YM-1)and a dynamic increase in the content of lipofuscin(YM- 5).For all six BCM, representative absolute and relative values of their content in MMH depending upon PDC were obtained; - paired correlative values between biochemical and biophysical markers of the state of MT of myocardium were examined in their systemic relationships and proper SCC were determined by six time intervals of the early PMP, thereby making it possible to substantiate those of them that were criterially significant for increasing the accuracy of diagnosis of PDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiya Cherkashyna
- Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Ukraine; V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Ukraine
| | | | | | | | | | - Inna Toryanik
- I.I. Mechnikov Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Ukraine
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Marabi PM, Musyoki S, Amayo A. Biochemical changes in whole blood stored for transfusion at Bungoma County Referral Hospital, Kenya. Afr J Lab Med 2020; 9:1182. [PMID: 33392054 PMCID: PMC7756861 DOI: 10.4102/ajlm.v9i1.1182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During storage, transfusion blood may undergo a series of biochemical changes that could pose risks to patients when used. It is important therefore to monitor biochemical changes that may reduce survival or function of stored blood cells. Objective This study assessed biochemical changes in whole blood stored for transfusion at Bungoma County Referral Hospital in the western region of Kenya between February 2019 and August 2019. Methods A prospective study design involving 20 randomly selected donor blood units in citrate phosphate dextrose adenine anticoagulant was employed. Biochemical changes were evaluated for 35 days. Potassium and sodium levels were tested using the HumaLyte Plus5 analyser. Blood pH level was estimated using the Hanna pH meter. Results At the end of the 35 days of storage under blood bank conditions, the mean potassium level significantly increased from 7.31 mmol/L at baseline to 20.14 mmol/L at week 5 (p < 0.0001), and the mean sodium level significantly decreased from 150.72 mmol/L at baseline to 121.56 mmol/L at week 5 (p < 0.0001). The pH level decreased insignificantly from 7.48 at baseline to 7.38 at the end of week 1 (p = 0.0757) but decreased significantly to 6.15 at the end of week 5 (p < 0.0001). Conclusion Potassium increased and sodium concentrations decreased significantly from the first week of blood storage. The pH decreased significantly from the second week of storage. Therefore, aged blood should be avoided to circumvent potential adverse outcomes from biochemical changes and stored blood should be tested before use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phidelis M Marabi
- Department of Health, Bungoma County Referral Hospital, Bungoma, Kenya.,School of Health Sciences, Kisii University, Kisii, Kenya
| | | | - Angela Amayo
- Department of Human Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
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Valizadeh B, Samarfard S, Sendi JJ, Karbanowicz TP. Developing an Ephestia kuehniella Hemocyte Cell Line to Assess the Bio-Insecticidal Potential of Microencapsulated Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus Against Cotton Bollworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larva. J Econ Entomol 2020; 113:2086-2095. [PMID: 32719845 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) (genus: Alphabaculovirus, incertae sedis: Baculoviridae) has been used to control Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner). A reproducible and susceptible cell line was prepared from the hemocytes of Ephestia kuehniella in Grace and Ex-Cell 420 media. The population doubling time of these cloned cell cultures during the logarithmic phase were about 2.3 and 3.7 d for Ex-Cell 420 and Grace's media, respectively. When 60% confluence occurred, cells were infected by viral inoculums. All biochemical compounds were significantly changed relevant to cellular metabolism due to HearNPV infection. In order to improve its stability, two polymer formulations were used, i.e., formulation A (sodium alginate, gelatin, starch, and molasses) and formulation B (cottonseed kernel extract, Bran, glycerol, boric acid, egg white, and sugar). Formulant A provided high photostability by exhibiting 83.2 ± 3% efficacy and 88.66 ± 2.1% original activities remaining after 72 h UV exposure. Percentage original activity remaining of unformulated HearNPV and formulated mixture of B was 38.66 ± 2.6% and 9.33 ± 1.3%, respectively, after 72 h UV-irradiation. The virulence of the HearNPV proliferated from the Ex-Cell medium was similar to the virulence of wild-type HearNPV with LC50 of 7.7×105 OBs/ml. Formulant A, revealed only 20.0 ± 1% reduction in efficacy while the unformulated virus and formulant B faced a reduction of 90.0 ± 3% and 64.0 ± 2% after 72 h of UVA irradiation. Formulant A thus showed a high potential to protect HearNPVs microparticles against UV-inactivation suggesting a new platform for more efficient biological-management of cotton bollworm (specific name Helicoverpa armigera, genus: Helicoverpa, Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Valizadeh
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Samira Samarfard
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture & Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jalal Jalali Sendi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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Wan C, Kahramanoğlu İ, Chen J, Gan Z, Chen C. Effects of Hot Air Treatments on Postharvest Storage of Newhall Navel Orange. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:plants9020170. [PMID: 32024051 PMCID: PMC7076504 DOI: 10.3390/plants9020170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The effects of hot air flow (HAF) treatment on the postharvest storage of 'Newhall' navel oranges were investigated in this study. Studies were conducted with two separate sections. First of all, the effects of HAF at 37 °C for 36 h, for 48 h, and for 60 h were tested on fruit decay and weight loss. Thus, the optimal treatment was found as HAF at 37 °C for 48 h based on the fruit decay percentage and weight loss, and further studies were carried out with this treatment. The HAF-treated and control fruits were flowed at 37 °C and 20 °C with relative humidity (RH) of 85-95% for 48 h, respectively. After flowing, fruits of both treatments were individually film-packed, precooled (10-12 °C, 12 h), and stored (6 ± 0.5 °C and 85-90% relative humidity) for 120 days. Regular (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 days) measurements were carried out for analyzing total soluble solid (TSS) content, titratable acid (TA) content, vitamin C (VC) content, total sugar content, respiration rate, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and protective enzyme activities. The results indicated that HAF treatment significantly inhibited the MDA content and respiration rate of navel orange fruits after 45 d storage. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) enzyme activities were enhanced after 60 d storage, while polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzyme activities were enhanced throughout the storage period. Results suggested that the SOD and POD activities are highly related with respiratory activities and could be enhanced with hot air flow. Meanwhile, HAF treatment maintained high content of TSS, total sugar, TA, and VC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunpeng Wan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables/Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits & Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (C.W.); (Z.G.)
| | - İbrahim Kahramanoğlu
- European University of Lefke, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Gemikonagi, via Mersin 10, 99780 Northern Cyprus, Turkey;
| | - Jinyin Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables/Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits & Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (C.W.); (Z.G.)
- Pingxiang University, Pingxiang 337055, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (C.C.); Tel.: +86-791-83813158 (C.C.)
| | - Zengyu Gan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables/Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits & Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (C.W.); (Z.G.)
| | - Chuying Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables/Collaborative Innovation Center of Postharvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits & Vegetables in Jiangxi Province, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (C.W.); (Z.G.)
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (C.C.); Tel.: +86-791-83813158 (C.C.)
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12
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Wassiem A, Zaki GR, Charl F, El-Gazzar R. Biochemical changes among municipal solid waste sorting workers: implications for personal protective equipment availability and use. Int J Occup Saf Ergon 2019; 27:1028-1038. [PMID: 31570081 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2019.1674504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Background. Solid waste management has emerged as one of the greatest challenges facing human and environmental health. Municipal solid waste workers are potentially exposed to a variety of occupational biohazards and safety risks in the workplace. Objective. This study aimed to evaluate the availability and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and some biochemical changes among solid waste sorting workers. Methods. A group of solid waste sorting workers was interviewed and checked for availability, use and appropriateness of PPE using a structured questionnaire and checklist. Workers were tested for hepatic and renal function parameters and biomarkers of allergy and inflammation. Results. The level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) as a biomarker of inflammation was elevated in 12.9% while total serum immunoglobulin E was obviously high among most workers (79.2%). Workers with inadequately available, used or effective PPE were more likely to have morbidities and showed elevated serum levels of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, urea, creatinine, hsCRP and total immunoglobulin E. Conclusions. Elevated biomarkers of allergy and inflammation herald preclinical disease risks that should be included in basic health surveillance. Use of PPE should be emphasized for workers involved in solid waste sorting to effectively protect their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Wassiem
- Department of Occupational Health and Air Pollution, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Gehan Raafat Zaki
- Department of Occupational Health and Air Pollution, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Fahmy Charl
- Department of Occupational Health and Air Pollution, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Ragaa El-Gazzar
- Department of Occupational Health and Air Pollution, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt
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Duan P, Li J, Yang W, Li X, Long M, Feng X, Zhang Y, Chen C, Morais CLM, Martin FL, Luo J, Liu D, Xiong C. Fourier transform infrared and Raman-based biochemical profiling of different grades of pure foetal-type hepatoblastoma. J Biophotonics 2019; 12:e201800304. [PMID: 30993892 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The biomolecular events resulting from the progression of hepatoblastoma remain to be elucidated. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopies are capable of noninvasively and accurately capturing the biochemical properties of biological tissue from its pathological status. Our aim was to probe critial biomolecular changes of liver accompanying the progression of pure foetal hepatoblastoma (PFH) by FTIR and Raman spectroscopies. Herein, biochemical alterations were both evident in the FTIR spectra (regions of 3100-2800 cm-1 and 1800-900 cm-1 ) and the Raman spectra (region of 1800-400 cm-1 ) among normal, borderline and malignant liver tissues. Compared with normal tissues, the ratios of protein-to-lipid, α-helix-to-β-sheet, RNA-to-DNA, CH3 methyl-to-CH2 methylene, glucose-to-phospholipids, and unsaturated-to-saturated lipids intensities were significantly higher in malignant tissues, while the ratios of RNA-to-Amide II, DNA-to-Amide II, glycogen-to-cholesterol and Amide I-to-Amide II intensities were remarkably lower. These biochemical alterations in the transition from normal to malignant have profound implications not only for cyto-pathological classification but also for molecular understanding of PFH progression. The successive changes of the spectral characteristics have been shown to be consistent with the development of PFH, indicating that FTIR and Raman spectroscopies are excellent tools to interrogate the biochemical features of different grades of PFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Duan
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Junyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyingxue Yang
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiandong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Manman Long
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobing Feng
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuge Zhang
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunling Chen
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Camilo L M Morais
- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Preston, UK
- Biocel Ltd, Hull, UK
| | | | - Jianbin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dameng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengliang Xiong
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Wuhan Tongji Reproductive Medicine Hospital, Wuhan, China
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Jalil SU, Zahera M, Khan MS, Ansari MI. Biochemical synthesis of gold nanoparticles from leaf protein of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. xanthi and their physiological, developmental, and ROS scavenging responses on tobacco plant under stress conditions. IET Nanobiotechnol 2019; 13:23-29. [PMID: 30964033 PMCID: PMC8676148 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2018.5148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The stress conditions imposed by the impact of metal and non-metal oxide nanoparticles over plant systems enhances the synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in oxidative damage at cellular level. The objective of this study was to synthesise the gold nanoparticles (GNps) from the leaves protein of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. xanthi, its characterisation, and response on plant physiology and ROS scavenging activity on plants after exposure to different stresses. The authors have treated N. tabacum L. cv. xanthi plants with 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 ppm biochemically synthesised GNps and examined physiological as well as biochemical changes. Results showed that biochemically synthesised GNps exposure significantly increased the seed germination (P < 0.001), root (P < 0.001), shoot growth (P < 0.001), and antioxidant ability (P < 0.05) of plants depending on bioengineered GNPs concentrations. Low concentrations (200-300 ppm) of GNps boosted growth by ∼50% and significantly increase in photosynthetic parameters such as total chlorophyll content (P < 0.05), membrane ion leakage (P < 0.05) as well as malondialdehyde (P < 0.05) content with respect to untreated plants under stress conditions. The high concentration (400-500 ppm) of GNps affected these parameters in a negative manner. The total antioxidant activity was also elevated in the exposed plants in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Uzma Jalil
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, India
| | - Manaal Zahera
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohd Sajid Khan
- Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohammad Israil Ansari
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, India.
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15
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Zhu L, Duan P, Hu X, Wang Y, Chen C, Wan J, Dai M, Liang X, Li J, Tan Y. Exposure to cadmium and mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induce biochemical changes in rat liver, spleen, lung and kidney as determined by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. J Appl Toxicol 2019; 39:783-797. [PMID: 30680743 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy is a label-free, non-destructive analytical technique for biochemical analysis of macromolecular components within tissue samples. Cadmium (Cd) and mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), a primary metabolite of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, are present ubiquitously in the environment and in organisms, and have adverse impacts on ecosystems and human health. Herein we employed ATR-FTIR analysis to identify biomolecular changes in rat liver, spleen, lung and kidney after prepubertal exposure to Cd and MEHP. Our results showed clear segregations between the 3 mg/kg Cd-, 10 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg MEHP- and binary mixture-treated groups vs. the solvent control group. Following principal components analysis coupled with linear discriminant analysis, biochemical alterations associated with different doses of Cd and MEHP were attributed mainly to lipids, proteins, phosphates and carbohydrates. In addition, the ratios of lipid/protein, C=O stretching/CH2 methylene (lipid oxidation level), amide I/amide II, α-helix/β-sheet and CH3 methyl/CH2 methylene (acetylation level) in target organs were affected by these toxicants. There seems to be no dose-response effect of Cd and MEHP on target organs. We observed hardly any joint toxic action of these toxicants. This is the first study showing the application of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy to the assessment of toxicity of Cd and MEHP. Possibly, destruction of cell membrane structure and integrity could be the common mechanism of Cd and MEHP toxicity in liver, spleen, lung and kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China.,Department of Andrology, Shiyan Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Peng Duan
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Xiuxue Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Chunling Chen
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiang Wan
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengyi Dai
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoling Liang
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Tan
- Department of Andrology, Shiyan Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
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Huang X, Ahn DU. The Incidence of Muscle Abnormalities in Broiler Breast Meat - A Review. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2018; 38:835-850. [PMID: 30479493 PMCID: PMC6238037 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2018.e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The dramatic improvements in the growth rate and breast muscle size and yield in
broilers through the intensive genetic selection, and the improvement in
nutrition and management over the past 50 years have introduced serious
abnormalities that influenced the quality of breast meat. The abnormalities
include pale-soft-exudative (PSE) conditions, deep pectoral muscle (DPM)
myopathy, spaghetti meat (SM), white striping (WS), and woody breast (WB) that
have serious negative implications to the broiler meat industry. The incidences
of PSE and DPM have been known for several decades, and their prevalence,
etiology and economic impact have been well discussed. However, other
abnormalities such as SM, WS and WB conditions have been reported just for few
years although these conditions have been known for some time. The newly
emerging quality issues in broilers are mainly associated with the
Pectoralis major muscles, and the incidences have been
increased dramatically in some regions of the world in recent years. As high as
90% of the broilers are affected by the abnormalities, which are expected to
cause from $200 million to $1 billion economic losses to the U.S. poultry
industry per year. So, this review mainly discusses the histopathological
characteristics and biochemical changes in the breast muscles with the emphasis
on the newly emerging abnormalities (SM, WS, and WB) although other
abnormalities are also discussed. The impacts of the anomalies on the
nutritional, functional, mechanical and sensory quality of the meat and their
implications to the poultry industry are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Huang
- College of Food Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Egg Processing Technology Local Joint National Engineering Research Center, National R&D Center for Egg Processing, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Dong Uk Ahn
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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El-Shibiny S, El-Gawad MAEKMA, Assem FM, El-Sayed SM. The use of nano-sized eggshell powder for calcium fortification of cow?s and buffalo?s milk yogurts. Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment 2018. [PMID: 29514424 DOI: 10.17306/j.afs.0541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium is an essential element for the growth, activity, and maintenance of the human body. Eggshells are a waste product which has received growing interest as a cheap and effective source of dietary calcium. Yogurt is a food which can be fortified with functional additives, including calcium. The aim of this study was to produce yogurt with a high calcium content by fortification with nano-sized eggshell powder (nano-ESP). METHODS Nano-sized ESP was prepared from pre-boiled and dried eggshell, using a ball mill. Yogurt was prepared from cow’s milk supplemented with 3% skimmed milk powder, and from buffalo’s milk fortified with 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% and 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5% nano-ESP respectively. RESULTS Electron microscopic transmission showed that the powder consisted of nano-sized crystalline struc- tures (~10 nm). Laser scattering showed that particles followed a normal distribution pattern with z-average of 590.5 nm, and had negative zeta-potential of –9.33 ±4.2 mV. Results regarding changes in yogurt composi- tion, acid development, calcium distribution, biochemical changes, textural parameters and sensory attributes have been presented and discussed. CONCLUSIONS The addition of up to 0.3% nano-ESP made cow and buffalo high-calcium yogurts with an acceptable composition and quality. High-calcium yogurt may offer better health benefits, such as combating osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safinaze El-Shibiny
- Dairy Department, National Research Centre El Behouth Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Fayza Mohamed Assem
- Dairy Department, National Research Centre El Behouth Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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Abstract
Background Blood transfusion with allogeneic blood products is a common medical intervention to treat anemia or prepare patients for surgical procedures. Generally, the blood units are secured and stored prior to expected transfusion. During storage, a number of biochemical changes occur (generally known as storage lesion), which can affect the efficacy of blood transfusion. The aim of the study was to evaluate the biochemical changes that occur in blood units during storage and to project the impact of these changes on transfusion. Methods The study protocol was approved by the Faculty of Medicine Research Ethics committee of Mbarara University of Science and Technology. A total of 200 blood recipients were categorized into two study arms: group I received fresh blood (n=100) and group II received old blood (n=100), who were formally consented and recruited consecutively. A total of 2 mL of venous blood was collected from each participant in EDTA tubes before transfusion (for pre-transfusion hemoglobin [Hb] estimation) and after transfusion (for post-transfusion Hb estimation). Each crossmatched unit was sampled to collect plasma for pH, lactate and potassium assays. Data were analyzed with STATA version 12.0. Results A total of 200 blood transfusion recipients aged 1–60 years were enrolled in the study. Up to 60% of the participants were females. The pH of the stored blood dropped from 7.4 to 7.2 in the first 3 days to ~7.0 by day 11 and to <7.0 by day 35 (p=0.03). The average rise in lactate level was 25 g/dL in blood stored for 0 to 11 days and 32.4 g/dL in blood stored for 21–35 days. The highest increase was encountered in blood stored beyond 28 days: 40–57 g/dL by 35 days (p=0.001). Potassium levels equally increased from ~4.6 mmol/L in the first 5 days of storage to ~14.3 mmol/L by 11 days. From the third week of blood storage and beyond, there was exponential increase in potassium levels, with the highest record in blood units stored from 30 to 35 days (p=0.068). Conclusion Whole blood stored for >14 days has reduced efficacy with increased markers of red cell storage lesion such as increased potassium level, lactate and fall in pH. These lesions increase the length of hospital stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caesar Oyet
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda,
| | - Benson Okongo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda,
| | - Richard Apecu Onyuthi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda,
| | - Enoch Muwanguzi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda,
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Abstract
Ultra-endurance sports have gained popularity over the last years. In this case, a well-trained cyclist completed 503.5 km non-stop (33.3 km.h-1). Speed and power output were reduced during the trial, being the reduction of power attributable to changes in pedal velocity rather than pedal forces. Heart rate (HR) showed an initial cardiovascular drift and progressively decreased independently of power. A decreased HR variability, a marked inflammatory response, signs of muscle damage and alterations of the haematological profile were observed after the trial. These adverse physiological effects were still present 24-48 h after exercise. A reduction in handgrip maximal voluntary contraction was observed immediately after the trial and 24 h later despite these muscles being minimally active during exercise. These findings show the high levels of stress to which the organism is subjected during ultra-endurance exercise even in the case of a trained cyclist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro L Valenzuela
- a Physiology Unit, Systems Biology Department , University of Alcalá , Madrid , Spain.,b Department of Sport and Health , Spanish Agency for Health Protection in Sport (AEPSAD) , Madrid , Spain
| | - Carl Foster
- c Department of Exercise and Sport Science , University of Wisconsin-La Crosse , La Crosse , USA
| | - Alejandro Lucía
- d School of Health Sciences , European University , Madrid , Spain
| | - Pedro de la Villa
- a Physiology Unit, Systems Biology Department , University of Alcalá , Madrid , Spain
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Kaderli RM, Riss P, Geroldinger A, Selberherr A, Scheuba C, Niederle B. Primary hyperparathyroidism: Dynamic postoperative metabolic changes. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2018; 88:129-138. [PMID: 28906021 DOI: 10.1111/cen.13476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known about the natural changes in parathyroid function after successful parathyroid surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism. The association of intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and calcium (Ca) with "temporary hypoparathyroidism" and "hungry bone syndrome" (HBS) was evaluated. DESIGN Potential risk factors for temporary hypoparathyroidism and HBS were evaluated by taking blood samples before surgery, intra-operatively, at postoperative day (POD) 1, at POD 5 to 7, in postoperative week (POW) 8 and in postoperative month (POM) 6. PATIENTS Of 425 patients, 43 (10.1%) had temporary hypoparathyroidism and 36 (8.5%) had HBS. MEASUREMENTS The discriminative ability of iPTH and Ca on POD 1 for temporary hypoparathyroidism and HBS. RESULTS Intact parathyroid hormone (IPTH) on POD 1 showed the highest discriminative ability for temporary hypoparathyroidism (C-index = 0.952), but not for HBS. IPTH was helpful in diagnosing HBS between POD 5 and 7 (C-index = 0.708). Extending the model by including Ca resulted in little improvement of the discriminative ability for temporary hypoparathyroidism (C-index = 0.964) and a decreased discriminative ability for HBS (C-index = 0.705). Normal parathyroid metabolism was documented in 139 (32.7%) patients on POD 1 and in 423 (99.5%) 6 months postoperatively, while 2 (0.5%) patients had persistent hyperparathyroidism, one diagnosed between POD 5 and 7 and another at POW 8. No patients suffered from permanent hypoparathyroidism. CONCLUSIONS The necessity for Ca and vitamin D3 substitution cannot be predicted with certainty before POD 5 to 7 without serial laboratory measurements. Based on the results, a routine 8-week course of Ca and vitamin D3 treatment seems reasonable and its necessity should be evaluated in a follow-up study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reto M Kaderli
- Section of Endocrine Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Riss
- Section of Endocrine Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angelika Geroldinger
- Section for Clinical Biometrics, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems (CeMSIIS), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Selberherr
- Section of Endocrine Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Scheuba
- Section of Endocrine Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruno Niederle
- Section of Endocrine Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Al-Daghri NM, Alharbi M, Wani K, Abd-Alrahman SH, Sheshah E, Alokail MS. Biochemical changes correlated with blood thiamine and its phosphate esters levels in patients with diabetes type 1 (DMT1). Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:13483-13488. [PMID: 26722561 PMCID: PMC4680506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Thiamine (vitamin B1) is an essential enzyme cofactor in most organisms required at several stages of anabolic and catabolic intermediary metabolism. However, little is known on the positive effects of thiamine in diabetic type 1 (DMT1) patients. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the biochemical changes related to thiamine deficiency in patients with DMT1 outcomes among Saudi adults. We hypothesized that blood thiamine deficiency in patients with DMT1 manifestations might lead to an increase in metabolic syndrome. A total of 77 patients with DMT1 (age 35.8 ± 5.5) and 81 controls (age 45.0 ± 18.1) (total N = 158) were randomly selected from the Riyadh Cohort Study for inclusion. Saudi adults with diabetes type 1, a significant decrease in systolic (P < 0.001), and diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.008) and microalbuminuria (P = 0.02). Moreover, cholesterol, glucose and triglycerides were significantly increased (P 0.001, 0.001 and 0.008, respectively) in patients with diabetes type 1 compared to controls. On the other hand, HDL, TMP, TDP and thiamine, were significantly decreased in patients with diabetes type 1 (P 0.005, 0.002, 0.005, and 0.002), respectively. A strong association between blood thiamine level and diabetes type 1 was detected in our study population. The results confirmed the role of thiamine and thiamine phosphate esters, in preventing metabolic changes and complications of diabetes type 1. The levels of these thiamine and thiamine phosphate esters were correlated with diabetes related biomarkers including HDL, glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol, as well as microalbuminuria, LDL and urine thiamine. The results support a pivotal role of blood thiamine and its phosphate esters in preventing the biochemical changes and complications in patients with DMT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser M Al-Daghri
- Biomarkers Research Program, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451, KSA
- Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451, KSA
| | - Mohammed Alharbi
- Diabetes Centers and Units Administration, Ministry of HealthRiyadh 11451, KSA
| | - Kaiser Wani
- Biomarkers Research Program, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451, KSA
- Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451, KSA
| | - Sherif H Abd-Alrahman
- Biomarkers Research Program, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451, KSA
- Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451, KSA
| | - Eman Sheshah
- Diabetes Care Center, Prince Salman Bin Abdulaziz HospitalRiyadh 11451, KSA
| | - Majed S Alokail
- Biomarkers Research Program, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451, KSA
- Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451, KSA
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Selvi Y, Kiliç S, Aydin A, Güzel Özdemir P. The Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Dissociation and Profiles of Mood, and Its Association with Biochemical Changes. Noro Psikiyatr Ars 2015; 52:83-88. [PMID: 28360682 DOI: 10.5152/npa.2015.7116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sleep deprivation is a method, which has being used in order to comprehend the functions of sleep both in healthy individuals and for the patients of depression with in treatment, for a long time. The objective of our present study is to examine the relation between hormonal values, which are known for being related to the effects of these said changes determined in the mood, dissociation and thought suppression in healthy individuals after one night of sleep deprivation implementation. METHODS One night sleep deprivation was performed on a total of thirty-two healthy volunteers (16 males and 16 females) who were included in the study. Blood samples were taken from the individuals before and after sleep deprivation implementation in order to determine cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) and Thyroid Functions' Levels tests. In order to evaluate the effects of the sleep deprivation on moods, "White Bear Suppression Inventory (WBSI)" has been conducted, with an aim of evaluating thought suppression, "Profile of Mood States (POMS)", "Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES)" with a purpose of realizing any dissociation tendency. RESULTS On the individuals who have been implemented for sleep deprivation, a decrease on depression and vigor-activity sub-scales values was detected, and an increase was determined on fatigue sub-scales values of "POMS". While the values of DES were found to have been statistically increased after sleep deprivation, also a significant decrease was determined on WBSI values. Even if there hasn't been any significant statistical change determined on cortisol levels after sleep deprivation, yet there had been some significant changes detected on Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), fT3, fT4, and DHEA-S levels. Decrease in "POMS" depression sub-scale values and increase on fatigue sub-scale values were determined on the individuals whose sT4 levels were found to be increased significantly in statistic manner after the sleep deprivation. CONCLUSION According to the results of our study, sleep deprivation for one night was determined to cause decrease on depressive mood, increase on dissociative symptoms and to lower the tendency of suppressing the unwanted thoughts, consciously. The fact of being obtained lower depression values, on the individuals with the increased DHEA-S levels after the sleep deprivation meets with the information claiming that the high DHEA-S levels may be deemed as protectors against the negative effects of the stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavuz Selvi
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neuro Science, Selçuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sultan Kiliç
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Afşin State Hospital, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Adem Aydin
- Department of Psychiatry, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Pınar Güzel Özdemir
- Department of Psychiatry, Yüzüncü Yıl University Faculty of Medicine, Van, Turkey
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Shankar H, Kumar N, Rao DN, Chandhiok N, Sandhir R, Kriplani A, Dhaliwal L, Sehgal R, Jindal VL, Maithi L, Kandpal S, Kumar A, Kurra S. Comparison of haematological and biochemical changes between non-anaemic and anaemic primigravid women in a north Indian population to establish normative values. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2014; 35:221-4. [PMID: 25153118 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2014.948817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy is accompanied by several haemodynamic, biochemical and haematological changes, which may lead to severe problems, if they are not suitably addressed. The current study highlights the haematological and biochemical differences observed in anaemic (AP) and non-anaemic primigravida (NAP), in the 2nd trimester, in a north Indian population. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in the body weight and body temperature of NAP compared with AP. A significant decrease (p < 0.001) in haematological parameters including haemoglobin, haematocrit, erythrocyte count, MCH and MCHC, was observed in AP; however, MCV was found to be significantly higher (p = 0.038). Many biochemical parameters viz. potassium, albumin, total protein and calcium levels were significantly reduced (p < 0.01) in AP, except alkaline phosphatase whose level was found significantly increased (p < 0.01). The findings of the study suggest that haematological and biochemical changes take place in anaemia during pregnancy. Further, the results obtained should be used for establishing normative values for similar populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shankar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences , Ansari Nagar, New Delhi , India
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Mukherjee S, Marwaha N, Prasad R, Sharma RR, Thakral B. Serial assessment of biochemical parameters of red cell preparations to evaluate safety for neonatal transfusions. Indian J Med Res 2010; 132:715-20. [PMID: 21245620 PMCID: PMC3102460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Neonatologists often prefer fresh blood (<7 days) for neonatal transfusions. The main concerns for stored RBCs are ex vivo storage lesions that undermine red cell functions and may affect metabolic status of neonatal recipients. This study was designed to evaluate serial in vitro changes of biochemical parameters in different RBC preparations during storage to consider for neonatal transfusions even after storage beyond one week. METHODS Twenty five units each of whole blood (CPDA-1 RBC, SAGM RBC) were selected for serial biochemical parameter assessment after each fulfilled the quality criteria (volume and haematocrit). These units were tested serially for supernatant potassium, pH, lactate, haemoglobin, glucose and red cell 2,3 diphosphoglycerate (2,3 DPG) up to 21 days of storage. RESULTS Within each group of RBC, rise in mean concentration of potassium, lactate and plasma haemoglobin from day 1 to 21 of storage was significant in CPDA-1 RBC having the highest levels at day 21. From day 3 to 21, SAGM RBC had higher mean pH value than CPDA-1 RBC though this difference was not statistically significant. SAGM RBC had highest mean glucose concentration during storage than other two types of red cell preparations (P<0.005). Within each group, fall in mean 2,3 DPG concentration from day 1 to 7 was significant (P<0.05). A positive correlation existed between mean plasma potassium and haemoglobin in all three types of red cells (r=0.726, 0.419, 0.605 for CPDA-1 RBC, SAGM RBC and whole blood respectively, P<0.005). INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS All the three red cell preparations tested revealed biochemical changes within acceptable limits of safety till 21 days of storage. CPDA-1 RBCs had the highest degree of these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Mukherjee
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neelam Marwaha
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India,Reprint requests: Dr Neelam Marwaha, Professor & Head, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh 160 012, India e-mail:
| | - Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ratti Ram Sharma
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Beenu Thakral
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
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