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Liu KS, Yang YY, Hwang KL, Wu HJ. Investigating the Current Status of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Hospital Staff. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12050688. [PMID: 37242357 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12050688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 had reported over 676 million cases by March 2023. The main aim of this study is to investigate whether the levels of anti-S and anti-N antibodies could precisely indicate the degree of protection against SARS-CoV-2 and affect the probability or time of contracting COVID-19. In this study, a serosurveillance study was conducted in healthcare workers (HCWs) at a regional hospital in Taiwan to evaluate their antibody levels based on infection and vaccination status. Of 245 HCWs enrolled, all have been vaccinated prior to infection. Of these, 85 participants were infected by SARS-CoV-2, while 160 participants were not infected at the time of blood sample collection. The level of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibody was significantly higher in the infected HCWs than in the non-infected participants (p < 0.001). It is worth noting that the mean duration between the administration of the last dose of the vaccine and the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 5.61 ± 2.95 months. Our follow-up survey revealed that the non-infected group had significantly higher levels of antibodies compared to the infected group (all p < 0.001). In conclusion, this study suggests that the level of antibodies could serve as a reflection of the protective efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection. It has the implication for vaccine decision-making policies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keh-Sen Liu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ying Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Lin Hwang
- Department of Health Business Administration, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Ju Wu
- Research Assistant Center, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Lukang Township, Changhua County 505, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Jen Junior College of Nursing, Health Sciences and Management, Da-Lin Township, Chiayi County 622, Taiwan
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Clinical and Serological Findings of COVID-19 Participants in the Region of Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12071725. [PMID: 35885629 PMCID: PMC9318194 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Makkah in Saudi Arabia hosts the largest annual religious event in the world. Despite the many strict rules enacted, including Hajj cancellation, city lockdowns, and social distancing, the region has the second highest number of new COVID-19 cases in Saudi Arabia. Public health interventions that identify, isolate, and manage new cases could slow the infection rate. While RT-PCR is the current gold standard in SARS-CoV-2 identification, it yields false positive and negative results, which mandates the use of complementary serological tests. Here, we report the utility of serological assays during the acute phase of individuals with moderate and severe clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID19). Fifty participants with positive RT-PCR results for SARS-CoV-2 were enrolled in this study. Following RT-PCR diagnosis, serum samples from the same participants were analyzed using in-house ELISA (IgM, IgA, and IgG) and microneutralization test (MNT) for the presence of antibodies. Of the 50 individuals analyzed, 43 (86%) showed a neutralizing antibody titer of ≥20. Univariate analysis with neutralizing antibodies as a dependent variable and the degree of disease severity and underlying medical conditions as fixed factors revealed that patients with no previous history of non-communicable diseases and moderate clinical manifestation had the strongest neutralizing antibody response “Mean: 561.11”. Participants with severe symptoms and other underlying disorders, including deceased individuals, demonstrated the lowest neutralizing antibody response. Anti-spike protein antibody responses, as measured by ELISA, showed a statistically significant correlation with neutralizing antibodies. This reinforces the speculation that serological assays complement molecular testing for diagnostics; however, patients’ previous medical history (anamnesis) should be considered in interpreting serological results.
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Rinkūnienė E, Dženkevičiūtė V, Petrulionienė Ž, Majauskienė E, Ryliškytė L, Puronaitė R, Badarienė J, Navickas R, Laucevičius A. Hypertriglyceridemia impact on arterial parameters in patients with metabolic syndrome. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:393. [PMID: 34388967 PMCID: PMC8361842 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-02202-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development of metabolic syndrome (MS) augments risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), but pathophysiological mechanisms of this relation are still under discussion. Overlapping CVD risk factors make it difficult to assess the importance of individual elements. This study aimed to analyze subclinical atherosclerosis based on arterial structure and function parameters in patients with MS and different triglycerides levels. Methods Patients (aged 40–65 years) were divided into two groups: patients with MS and with or without hypertriglyceridemia (hTG). Noninvasive assessment of vascular parameters—aortic augmentation index adjusted for heart rate 75 bpm (AIxHR75), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and common carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) were performed. Results Carotid-femoral PWV (cfPWV) and carotid-radial PWV (crPWV) were significantly higher in patients with hTG. After adjusting for age, gender, waist circumference, fasting glucose, smoking status, cardiovascular family history and mean arterial pressure, crPWV (OR 1.150; CI 95% 1.04–1.28), cfPWV (OR 1.283; CI 95% 1.14–1.42) and cIMT (OR 1.13; CI 95% 1.02–1.25) were significantly associated with hTG (p < 0.05), while AIxHR75 did not show significant association. Conclusion Increased triglycerides are independently associated with a cfPWV, crPWV, and cIMT and may modify CVD risk in patients with MS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12872-021-02202-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egidija Rinkūnienė
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius University, Santariskiu Str. 2, 08661, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Dženkevičiūtė
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius University, Santariskiu Str. 2, 08661, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Žaneta Petrulionienė
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius University, Santariskiu Str. 2, 08661, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Eglė Majauskienė
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius University, Santariskiu Str. 2, 08661, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Ligita Ryliškytė
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius University, Santariskiu Str. 2, 08661, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Roma Puronaitė
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius University, Santariskiu Str. 2, 08661, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jolita Badarienė
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius University, Santariskiu Str. 2, 08661, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rokas Navickas
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius University, Santariskiu Str. 2, 08661, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aleksandras Laucevičius
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius University, Santariskiu Str. 2, 08661, Vilnius, Lithuania.,State Research Institute Centre of Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Silva PR, Nascimento DDAC, DE Sousa Neto IV, Funghetto SS, Tibana RA, Navalta JW, Beal FLR, Prestes J. Effects of Resistance Training on Muscle Quality Index, Muscle Strength, Functional Capacity, and Serum Immunoglobulin Levels between Obese and Non-obese Older Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE 2021; 14:707-726. [PMID: 34567383 PMCID: PMC8439677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Considering the negative impact of obesity on neuromuscular and immune systems, we sought to compare the effects of a 10-week resistance training (RT) program on muscle quality index (MQI), muscle strength, functional capacity, and immunoglobulins in older women with and without obesity. Thirty-nine older women participated in the present study (age: 69.02 ± 6.16, fat (%): 38.80% ± 6.28) and underwent a linear RT program performed on two non-consecutive days of the week. Body composition, functional tests, immunoglobulins, muscle quality of upper and lower limbs and absolute muscular strength of the upper and lower limbs were measured. Both groups displayed an increased statistically significant difference in MQI between pre-post training, however obese participants showed a lower field and laboratory MQI when compared to non-obese participants at the same time-points. Obese participants displayed an increased statistically significant 30-second chair stand test, with no differences for non-obese participants. Obese participants showed a higher statistically significant difference for immunoglobulin M when compared to the non-obese group at post-training. Finally, both groups displayed an increased statistically significant difference in muscle strength between pre-post-training. However, obese participants showed a statistically significant lower 10-RM low row score when compared to non-obese participants at post-training. Obese older women showed a lower field and laboratory MQI when compared to non-obese post-training, besides a lower 10-RM low row score which reinforces that obesity blunts the beneficial effects of RT on muscle quality and strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Roberto Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), Brasilia, DF, BRAZIL
| | - Dahan DA Cunha Nascimento
- Department of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), Brasilia, DF, BRAZIL
- Department of Physical Education, Center University of Distrito Federal (UDF), Brasilia, DF, BRAZIL
- Department of Gerontology, Catholic University of Brasilia, UCB, Brasilia, DF, BRAZIL
| | - Ivo Vieira DE Sousa Neto
- Laboratory of molecular analysis, Graduate program of Sciences and Technology of Health, University of Brasilia, DF, BRAZIL
| | | | - Ramires Alsamir Tibana
- Department of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), Brasilia, DF, BRAZIL
| | - James W Navalta
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Fabiani Lage Rodrigues Beal
- Department of Nutrition, Health and Medicine School, Catholic University of Brasilia, UCB, Brasilia, DF, BRAZIL
- Department of Gerontology, Catholic University of Brasilia, UCB, Brasilia, DF, BRAZIL
| | - Jonato Prestes
- Department of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia (UCB), Brasilia, DF, BRAZIL
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Racine-Brzostek SE, Yang HS, Jack GA, Chen Z, Chadburn A, Ketas TJ, Francomano E, Klasse PJ, Moore JP, McDonough KA, Girardin RC, Dupuis AP, Payne AF, Ma LX, Sweeney J, Zhong E, Yee J, Cushing MM, Zhao Z. Postconvalescent SARS-CoV-2 IgG and Neutralizing Antibodies are Elevated in Individuals with Poor Metabolic Health. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e2025-e2034. [PMID: 33524125 PMCID: PMC7928889 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Comorbidities making up metabolic syndrome (MetS), such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and chronic cardiovascular disease can lead to increased risk of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) with a higher morbidity and mortality. SARS-CoV-2 antibodies are higher in severely or critically ill COVID-19 patients, but studies have not focused on levels in convalescent patients with MetS, which this study aimed to assess. METHODS This retrospective study focused on adult convalescent outpatients with SARS-CoV-2 positive serology during the COVID-19 pandemic at NewYork Presbyterian/Weill Cornell. Data collected for descriptive and correlative analysis included SARS-COV-2 immunoglobin G (IgG) levels and history of MetS comorbidities from April 17, 2020 to May 20, 2020. Additional data, including SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and lipid levels were collected and analyzed for a second cohort from May 21, 2020 to June 21, 2020. SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies were measured in a subset of the study cohort. RESULTS SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels were significantly higher in convalescent individuals with MetS comorbidities. When adjusted for age, sex, race, and time duration from symptom onset to testing, increased SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels remained significantly associated with obesity (P < 0.0001). SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels were significantly higher in patients with HbA1c ≥6.5% compared to those with HbA1c <5.7% (P = 0.0197) and remained significant on multivariable analysis (P = 0.0104). A positive correlation was noted between BMI and antibody levels [95% confidence interval: 0.37 (0.20-0.52) P < 0.0001]. Neutralizing antibody titers were higher in COVID-19 individuals with BMI ≥ 30 (P = 0.0055). CONCLUSION Postconvalescent SARS-CoV-2 IgG and neutralizing antibodies are elevated in obese patients, and a positive correlation exists between BMI and antibody levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - He S Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gwendolyne A Jack
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amy Chadburn
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas J Ketas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erik Francomano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - P J Klasse
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - John P Moore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Alan P Dupuis
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Anne F Payne
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Lucy X Ma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jacob Sweeney
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elaine Zhong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jim Yee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melissa M Cushing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Correspondence: Zhen Zhao, PhD; 525 East 68th Street; F-701; New York, NY 10065;
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