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Heidarzadeh-Esfahani N, Hajahmadi S, Pasdar Y, Darbandi M, Najafi F, Moradinazar M, Bonyani M, Feyz-BashiPoor R, Soltani S. Diet-related inflammation is positively associated with atherogenic indices. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13190. [PMID: 38851843 PMCID: PMC11162500 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63153-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Current evidence suggests that non-traditional serum lipid ratios are more effective than traditional serum lipid parameters in predicting vascular diseases, and both of them are associated with dietary patterns. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and atherogenic indices using traditional serum lipid parameters (triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c)) and non-traditional serum lipid ratios (atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), Castelli's index-I (CRI_I), Castelli's index-II (CRI_II), the lipoprotein combination index (LCI), and the atherogenic coefficient (AC)). Basic information from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases cohort study was utilized in the present cross-sectional observational study. The study included 8870 adults aged 35-65 years. A validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to measure DII. We compared the distributions of outcomes by DII score groups using multivariable linear regression. The difference between DII score groups was evaluated by the Bonferroni test. The mean ± SD DII was - 2.5 ± 1.43, and the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 44%. After adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, alcohol consumption status, physical activity, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), body mass index (BMI) and socioeconomic status (SES), participants in the highest quartile of DII had a greater risk for CRI_I (β = 0.11, CI 0.05, 0.18), CRI_II (β = 0.06, CI 0.01, 0.11), LCI (β = 0.11, CI 288.12, 8373.11), AC (β = 0.11, CI 0.05, 0.17) and AIP (β = 0.06, CI 0.02, 0.10). Moreover, according to the adjusted logistic regression model, the risk of dyslipidemia significantly increased by 24% (OR: 1.24, 95% CI 1.08-1.41), 7% (OR: 1.07, 95% CI 0.94, 1.21) and 3% (OR: 1.03, 95% CI 0.91, 1.16) in Q4, Q3 and Q2 of the DII, respectively. Finally, diet-related inflammation, as estimated by the DII, is associated with a higher risk of CRI-I, CRI-II, LCI, AC, and AIP and increased odds of dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Heidarzadeh-Esfahani
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Ala Cancer Control and Prevention Centre, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Salimeh Hajahmadi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mitra Darbandi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farid Najafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mehdi Moradinazar
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mitra Bonyani
- Medical Education Development Centre, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Roxana Feyz-BashiPoor
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shahin Soltani
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University Of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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2
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Bögli SY, Olakorede I, Veldeman M, Beqiri E, Weiss M, Schubert GA, Willms JF, Keller E, Smielewski P. Predicting outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage by exploitation of signal complexity: a prospective two-center cohort study. Crit Care 2024; 28:163. [PMID: 38745319 PMCID: PMC11092006 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-024-04939-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Signal complexity (i.e. entropy) describes the level of order within a system. Low physiological signal complexity predicts unfavorable outcome in a variety of diseases and is assumed to reflect increased rigidity of the cardio/cerebrovascular system leading to (or reflecting) autoregulation failure. Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is followed by a cascade of complex systemic and cerebral sequelae. In aSAH, the value of entropy has not been established yet. METHODS aSAH patients from 2 prospective cohorts (Zurich-derivation cohort, Aachen-validation cohort) were included. Multiscale Entropy (MSE) was estimated for arterial blood pressure, intracranial pressure, heart rate, and their derivatives, and compared to dichotomized (1-4 vs. 5-8) or ordinal outcome (GOSE-extended Glasgow Outcome Scale) at 12 months using uni- and multivariable (adjusted for age, World Federation of Neurological Surgeons grade, modified Fisher (mFisher) grade, delayed cerebral infarction), and ordinal methods (proportional odds logistic regression/sliding dichotomy). The multivariable logistic regression models were validated internally using bootstrapping and externally by assessing the calibration and discrimination. RESULTS A total of 330 (derivation: 241, validation: 89) aSAH patients were analyzed. Decreasing MSE was associated with a higher likelihood of unfavorable outcome independent of covariates and analysis method. The multivariable adjusted logistic regression models were well calibrated and only showed a slight decrease in discrimination when assessed in the validation cohort. The ordinal analysis revealed its effect to be linear. MSE remained valid when adjusting the outcome definition against the initial severity. CONCLUSIONS MSE metrics and thereby complexity of physiological signals are independent, internally and externally valid predictors of 12-month outcome. Incorporating high-frequency physiological data as part of clinical outcome prediction may enable precise, individualized outcome prediction. The results of this study warrant further investigation into the cause of the resulting complexity as well as its association to important and potentially preventable complications including vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Yu Bögli
- Brain Physics Laboratory, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Ihsane Olakorede
- Brain Physics Laboratory, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael Veldeman
- Department of Neurosurgery, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Erta Beqiri
- Brain Physics Laboratory, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Miriam Weiss
- Department of Neurosurgery, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Gerrit Alexander Schubert
- Department of Neurosurgery, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Jan Folkard Willms
- Neurocritical Care Unit, Institute for Intensive Care and Department for Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emanuela Keller
- Neurocritical Care Unit, Institute for Intensive Care and Department for Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Smielewski
- Brain Physics Laboratory, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Moral S, Abulí M, Ballesteros E, Vilardell P, Gutiérrez L, Brugada R. Severe Aortic Stenosis Associated with Other Valve Diseases: Open Surgery or Percutaneous Treatment? Rev Cardiovasc Med 2024; 25:99. [PMID: 39076950 PMCID: PMC11263836 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2503099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Treatment decisions in the context of severe aortic stenosis (AS) associated with other valvular heart diseases (VHDs) have become a major challenge in recent years. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in AS has increased significantly in younger patients with lower surgical risk, which has complicated the choice of the best treatment in cases of other associated valvulopathies. The most frequently associated lesions in this clinical scenario are mitral regurgitation (MR), mitral stenosis, and tricuspid regurgitation (TR). Furthermore, it should be noted that different percutaneous techniques are now available to accommodate any associated valvulopathies, which has considerably broadened the range of therapeutic options. The management of AS treated in isolation, especially by TAVR, has also shown that many cases of significant MR or TR are substantially reduced without any intervention. However, although some parameters have been described as potential risk factors in predicting the poor outcome of untreated VHDs, which cases will progress in a clinically more aggressive way remains uncertain. This review aimed to evaluate the most recent publications to provide the pathophysiology and prognosis of severe AS associated with other significant VHDs and to evaluate the best invasive therapeutic approach depending on the associated valvular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Moral
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitari Doctor Josep Trueta, 17007 Girona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medical Sciences, Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Marc Abulí
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitari Doctor Josep Trueta, 17007 Girona, Spain
| | - Esther Ballesteros
- Dirección Territorial de Radiología y Medicina Nuclear de Girona. IDI. IDIBGI, 17007 Girona, Spain
| | - Pau Vilardell
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitari Doctor Josep Trueta, 17007 Girona, Spain
| | - Laura Gutiérrez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitari Doctor Josep Trueta, 17007 Girona, Spain
| | - Ramon Brugada
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitari Doctor Josep Trueta, 17007 Girona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medical Sciences, Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
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Beyer M, Muller D, De Marco F, Badhwar V, Obadia JF, Praz F, Modine T, Tonino P, Dahle G, Cerillo A, Ludwig S, Conradi L. Secondary retensioning of a tether-based device for transapical transcatheter mitral valve implantation. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2024; 65:ezad430. [PMID: 38152923 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezad430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Relevant paravalvular leakage (PVL) due to prosthesis dislodgement is a rare but potentially severe complication after transcatheter mitral valve implantation (TMVI). Due to the epicardial anchoring mechanism of the Tendyne® TMVI system, repositioning of the valve stent may be possible by retensioning of the tether. This multicentre study aimed to investigate the procedural and short-term safety as well as efficacy of retensioning manoeuvres. METHODS From 2017 to 2021, N = 18 patients who underwent secondary tether retensioning were identified. Baseline, procedural and follow-up data were available from N = 11 patients and analysed according to the Mitral Valve Research Consortium definitions. Continuous variables are shown as median with interquartile range. RESULTS All patients [age 75 years (73.5, 85.0), 64% male (N = 7), EuroSCORE II 6.2% (5.8, 11.6)] presented with post-procedural PVL [63.6% (N = 7) with PVL ≥3+]. Of these, 54% (N = 6) showed signs of haemolysis. The majority were severely symptomatic [New York Heart Association ≥III (91%, N = 10)]. Procedural outcomes revealed no acute complications and no mortality. At discharge, PVL was completely eliminated in 91% (N = 10) of patients with 1 case of remaining moderate PVL. At 30 days, Mitral Valve Research Consortium device success was achieved in 82% (N = 9) of patients. Two patients required open surgical mitral valve replacement due to persistent and recurrent PVL. In 89% (N = 8) of patients with successful retensioning procedure, New York Heart Association class was I/II. There was no 30-day mortality. CONCLUSIONS This multicentre study demonstrates technical feasibility, procedural safety and acute efficacy of retensioning procedures in the majority of patients. The potential to retension the tether in transapical TMVI may provide additional management advantages in populations at high surgical risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Beyer
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David Muller
- Cardiology Department, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Federico De Marco
- Department of Clinical and Interventional Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Vinay Badhwar
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jean-Francois Obadia
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, "Louis Pradel" Cardiologic Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Fabien Praz
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Modine
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart Valve Center, Institut Cœur Poumon CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pim Tonino
- Department of Cardiology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Gry Dahle
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Alfredo Cerillo
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Sebastian Ludwig
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research: DZHK, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lenard Conradi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Takasaki A, Kurita T, Hirota Y, Uno K, Kirii Y, Ichikawa M, Ishiyama M, Terashima M, Nakajima A, Dohi K. Isolated Coronary Arteritis Treated With FDG-PET/CT-Guided Immunosuppressant to Break the Vicious Cycle of In-Stent Restenosis. JACC Case Rep 2023; 28:102102. [PMID: 38204559 PMCID: PMC10774826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2023.102102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Recurrent in-stent restenosis of the coronary artery is a rare but intractable problem. In this situation, coronary arteritis should be considered as an etiology. This case highlights the use of immunosuppressive drugs, including tocilizumab, and follow-up F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography to break the vicious circle of recurrent stenosis caused by isolated coronary arteritis of unknown cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Takasaki
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Tairo Kurita
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Yumi Hirota
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Kenta Uno
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kirii
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Mizuki Ichikawa
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Masaki Ishiyama
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | | | - Ayako Nakajima
- Center for Rheumatic Diseases, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Kaoru Dohi
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
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Samii A, Aslani S, Imani D, Razi B, Samaneh Tabaee S, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. MTHFR gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to myocardial infarction: Evidence from meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2023; 49:101293. [PMID: 38035258 PMCID: PMC10687297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2023.101293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Background This meta-analysis aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of the association between Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphisms, specifically C677T and A1298C, and the susceptibility to myocardial infarction (MI). Methods A systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus until April 2023 to identify studies investigating the relationship between MTHFR gene polymorphisms (C677T and A1298C) and the risk of MI. Results The analysis included 66 studies involving 16,860 cases and 20,403 controls for the C677T polymorphism and 18 studies comprising 3162 cases and 3632 controls for the A1298C polymorphism. Significant associations were observed between the C677T polymorphism and MI risk in various genetic models: dominant (OR = 1.16, 95 % CI = 1.06-1.28, P = 0.008), recessive (OR = 1.20, 95 % CI = 1.12-1.28, P < 0.001), allelic (OR = 1.13, 95 % CI = 1.06-1.21, P < 0.001), TT vs. CC (OR = 1.19, 95 % CI = 1.05-1.36, P < 0.001), and CT vs. CC (OR = 1.11, 95 % CI = 1.02-1.21, P = 0.01). Furthermore, an overall analysis indicated a marginally significant association between the A1298C polymorphism and MI risk in the recessive model (OR = 1.27, 95 % CI = 1.06-1.51, P = 0.008), allelic model (OR = 1.18, 95 % CI = 1.01-1.39, P = 0.03), and CC vs. AA model (OR = 1.22, 95 % CI = 1.01-1.47, P = 0.04). Meta-regression analysis revealed that none of the potential factors contributed to the observed heterogeneity. Conclusions This meta-analysis revealed an association between MTHFR gene C677T and A1298C polymorphisms and the risk of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Samii
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, School of Allied Medical Science, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Danyal Imani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Razi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Samaneh Tabaee
- Noncommunicable Disease Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
- Faculty of Medicine, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Clemmensen TS, Stilling C, Larsen SB, Eiskjær H. Heart transplantation after acute myocardial infarction due to focal coronary Takayasu arteritis: a case report. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2023; 7:ytad603. [PMID: 38089124 PMCID: PMC10714894 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytad603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Background Takayasu arteritis is a chronic vasculitis of unknown aetiology primarily affecting medium to large arteries, particularly the aorta and arch vessels, and is predominantly seen in younger patients. Coronary artery involvement has been reported in 10-45% of autopsy cases, but isolated coronary Takayasu arteritis is extremely rare. Case summary This case report describes the course of a previously healthy 22-year-old woman who suffered an acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock requiring temporary mechanical support subsequently urgent heart transplantation. The patient was bridged to transplant by the use of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO). The explanted heart showed evidence of Takayasu arteritis in the left coronary artery. Discussion The case illustrates the importance of VA-ECMO treatment for cardiogenic shock, the importance of the Scandiatransplant collaboration for urgent organ allocation and the diagnostic difficulties associated with Takayasu arteritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tor Skibsted Clemmensen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christina Stilling
- Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sanne Bøjet Larsen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hans Eiskjær
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
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Mozu IE, Marfo AFA, Marfo JS, Adomako NO, Ayisi-Boateng NK, Boachie-Ansah P, Attakorah J, Owusu-Daaku FT. Utilization of telepharmacy in the management of hypertension. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IN CLINICAL AND SOCIAL PHARMACY 2023; 12:100381. [PMID: 38145235 PMCID: PMC10746503 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2023.100381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deaths due to cardiovascular diseases is on the rise, with hypertension as its most important risk factor. Effective management of hypertension, however, remains a challenge. Globally, only one in five adults with hypertension have it under control. The situation is worse in sub-Saharan Africa where hypertension prevalence is highest. Telepharmacy presents a great opportunity to enhance the way we address hypertension management. OBJECTIVES This study sought to determine the effectiveness of pharmaceutical care interventions implemented through telepharmacy on medication adherence, practice of therapeutic lifestyles and overall blood pressure control among patients with hypertension. METHODS This was a randomized control trial conducted among individuals with hypertension recruited from two Ghanaian hospitals from May 2022 to December 2022. Patients with confirmed diagnosis of hypertension were recruited and assigned into a control or intervention group. Both groups were followed for six months with the intervention group receiving telepharmacy services in addition to standard clinical care. Outcome measures included changes in blood pressure, medication adherence, lifestyle modifications, identification and resolution of pharmaceutical care issues. RESULTS One hundred and eighteen (118) patients with hypertension were involved in the study. There was a statistically significant reduction in mean blood pressures for the intervention group after six months (Systolic-148.1 + 23.6, to 134.8 + 13.7, Diastolic- 85.8 + 9.8, to 79.5 + 8.7) (p < 0.05). The proportion of patients with adequately controlled blood pressure increased from 39.0% to 66.1%. There was also an increase in the mean adherence score (p < 0.05). The number of participants who adopted lifestyle modifications such as reducing salt consumption (89.5%) and exercising (77.2%) increased. The majority (87%) of all pharmaceutical care issues were identified and resolved over the six-month period. CONCLUSION Telepharmacy service provided via phone calls was effective in improving the control of blood pressure. It also promoted the practice of therapeutic lifestyle modifications, medication adherence and identification of pharmaceutical care issues among patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Eduku Mozu
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Afia Frimpomaa Asare Marfo
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - John Serbe Marfo
- Department of Supply Chain and Information Systems, School of Business, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Nana Ofori Adomako
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Nana Kwame Ayisi-Boateng
- University Hospital, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Pauline Boachie-Ansah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Joseph Attakorah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Frances Thelma Owusu-Daaku
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Soares DMB, Araújo DABS, de Souza JLDB, Maurício RB, Soares EMB, Neto FDCA, Pinheiro MSN, Gama VCDV, Braga-Neto P, Nóbrega PR, Aragão GF. Correlation between ABO blood type, susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease severity: A systematic review. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2023; 45:483-494. [PMID: 36467112 PMCID: PMC9708632 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To verify the association between the ABO blood type and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease severity. METHODS This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), using the 2020 PRISMA Checklist and flow diagram, and articles selected for review were analyzed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Rating Scale. The research question was: "Would the ABO blood group influence the risk of infection and clinical course of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2?", The following databases were used: Embase, PubMed, Virtual Health Library (VHL), Web of Science, ScienceDirect and Scopus. The protocol for this review was registered in the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), number CRD42021245945. RESULTS We found 798 articles across PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct and Virtual Health Library and 54 articles were included in the final analysis. Among 30 studies evaluating the risk of COVID-19 infection, 21 found significant correlations with ABO blood groups, 14 of them revealing an increased risk in blood group A and 15 studies showing a decreased risk in blood group O. Most studies found no significant correlation with disease severity or mortality. CONCLUSION The qualitative assessment of available information suggests that blood group A may be a risk factor for COVID-19 infection and that blood group O may have a protective effect. We were unable to determine a clear association between the ABO blood group and mortality. These conclusions are based on highly heterogenous evidence.
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Yurdam FS, Kiş M. The Relationship Between TIMI Flow and MAPH Score in Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for STEMI. Int Heart J 2023; 64:791-797. [PMID: 37704410 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.23-024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The MAPH (mean platelet volume, age, total protein and hematocrit) score is a newly developed simple scoring system for patients with STEMI that has been associated with satisfactory predictive values to determine thrombus burden in STEMI patients. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine the relationship between the MAPH risk score and TIMI flow in patients with STEMI.The study included 260 patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention between December 2019 to July 2022, and had TIMI 0 flow in the responsible coronary artery due to STEMI. According to the TIMI flow score after stent implantation, the patients were classified into either the no-reflow group (n = 59) or the normal flow group (n = 201). In order to calculate the MAPH score, ROC analysis was performed to find the cutoff point for each component of the MAPH score. MAPH scores were calculated (MPV + Age + Protein + Hematocrit) for both groups. Our study was a retrospective, observational study.In the multivariable regression analysis, the MAPH score (OR: 0.567; 95%CI: 0.330-0.973, P = 0.04) and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (OR: 0.249; 95%CI: 0.129-0.483, P < 0.001) were parameters found to be independent predictors of TIMI flow. An MAPH score value > 2.5 predicted the presence of low TIMI coronary flow in patients with STEMI, with 78% specificity and 45% sensitivity (ROC area under curve: 0.691, 95% CI: 0.617-0.766, P < 0.001).The MAPH risk score is simple, inexpensive, and quick to calculate. A high MAPH score may be an indicator of coronary no-reflow in patients with STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehmet Kiş
- Department of Cardiology, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine
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11
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Rajabi F, Rahimi S, Maracy MR, Barekatain M. Association between cognitive capacity and metabolic indices in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2023; 12:292. [PMID: 37849862 PMCID: PMC10578545 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_82_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although previous studies suggested the relationship between metabolic indices and cognitive capacity, results have been conflicting. The prevalence of metabolic and cognitive disorders is high in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. We aimed to assess the relationship between laboratory metabolic indices and specific areas of cognitive capacity. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective review of the medical records of 423 from 452 patients with neuropsychiatric disorders who were admitted to the neuropsychiatry unit, Ayatollah Kashani Hospital, Isfahan, Iran, from September 1, 2018, to September 30, 2022. We extracted demographic factors, laboratory metabolic indices, and scores of the Neuropsychiatry Unit Cognitive Assessment tool (NUCOG). We utilized a generalized linear model (GLM) to demonstrate the effect of metabolic indices on the risk of reduction in cognitive domains. Due to the presence of missing data in the metabolic indices, we used the multiple imputation method. RESULTS The regression coefficient of NUCOG total score and subscale scores for metabolic indices using GLM after multiple imputation method demonstrated that among the metabolic indicators, fasting blood sugar (FBS) had the reverse relationship with the total score of NUCOG (β = -.05). Among the NUCOG subscales, executive functioning had the strongest relationship with FBS (β = -.01). Also, there was a negative relationship between patients' age and the total score of NUCOG (β = -.38). Educational level had a positive relationship with the total NUCOG score (β =10.2). CONCLUSIONS The main metabolic factors that might reduce cognitive capacity were higher FBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rajabi
- Department of Psychiatry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Somayyeh Rahimi
- Department of Psychiatry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad R. Maracy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Majid Barekatain
- Department of Psychiatry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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12
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Núñez-Marín G, Iraola D, Lorenzo M, de la Espriella R, Villar S, Santas E, Miñana G, Sanchis J, Carratalá A, Miró Ò, Bayés-Genís A, Núñez J. An update on utilising brain natriuretic peptide for risk stratification, monitoring and guiding therapy in heart failure. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37216616 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2216386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heart failure (HF) is a dominant health problem with an overall poor prognosis. Natriuretic peptides (NPs) are upregulated in HF as a compensatory mechanism. They have extensively been used for diagnosis and risk stratification. AREAS COVERED This review addresses the history and physiology of NPs in order to understand their current role in clinical practice. It further provides a detailed and updated narrative review on the utility of those biomarkers for risk stratification, monitoring, and guiding therapy in HF. EXPERT OPINION NPs show excellent predictive ability in heart failure patients, both in acute and chronic settings. Understanding their pathophysiology and their modifications in specific situations is key for an adequate interpretation in specific clinical scenarios in which their prognostic value may be weaker or less well evaluated. To better promote risk stratification in HF, NPs should be integrated with other predictive tools to develop multiparametric risk models. Both inequalities of access to NPs and evidence caveats and limitations will need to be addressed by future research in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Núñez-Marín
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, Spain. Valencia, Spain
| | - Diego Iraola
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, Spain. Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Lorenzo
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, Spain. Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael de la Espriella
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, Spain. Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Villar
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, Spain. Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Santas
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, Spain. Valencia, Spain
| | - Gema Miñana
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, Spain. Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Sanchis
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, Spain. Valencia, Spain
| | - Arturo Carratalá
- Clinical Chemistry Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA
| | - Òscar Miró
- Emergency Department, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Bayés-Genís
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitari Germas Trias i Pujol. Badalona, Spain
- CIBER Cardiovascular, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Núñez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia. Valencia, Spain. Valencia, Spain
- Emergency Department, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Tagliari AP, Taramasso M. Investigating the unmet need for the treatment of tricuspid regurgitation. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37144916 DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2023.2211265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tricuspid regurgitation has been increasingly recognized as a clinically relevant entity with long-term prognostic impact on quality of life and survival. Despite this, there are still some unmet clinical needs regarding the management of tricuspid regurgitation that require further investigation. AREAS COVERED This review addresses current evidence for the treatment of tricuspid regurgitation, focusing primarily on new catheter-based technologies. In addition, we discuss recent registries and clinical trial results. EXPERT OPINION A multimodality and multiparametric integrative approach has been preconized to assess tricuspid regurgitation mechanism and severity, and new technologies have been developed to address the main causative factors of tricuspid regurgitation. Matching the right device to the right patient and deciding when is the best time for intervention are major challenges in the management of tricuspid regurgitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Tagliari
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital São Lucas da PUC/RS, Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil
- Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Mãe de Deus, Porto Alegre 90880-0481, Brazil
| | - Maurizio Taramasso
- HerzZentrum Hirslanden Zurich Clinic of Cardiac Surgery, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
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Khodabandehlooie S, Saleh DK, Hosseini M. Nursing Assessment of Vascular Complications after Cardiac Catheterization through the Distal Radial Artery. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY RESEARCH 2023; 28:357-360. [PMID: 37575500 PMCID: PMC10412794 DOI: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_467_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Distal Radial Artery (DRA) is a new arterial access for coronary catheterization. Assessment of the vascular complications of this new procedure is important in the provision of nursing care to cardiac patients. The aim of this study was the nursing assessment of vascular complications of DRA in angiography and angioplasty. Materials and Methods This qualitative longitudinal study was conducted on 315 consecutive patients who were candidates for coronary catheterization via DRA from 2017 to 2020 in three hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Patients who had palpable DRA and were capable and willing to consent to inclusion in the study were evaluated. Moreover, patients whose DRA access failed, and those who had previously undergone coronary artery bypass graft were excluded from the study. Vascular complications were assessed on the day of the procedure and about 1 month later. Results After the procedure, 29 cases of ecchymosis, 8 cases of hematoma, and 1 case of arteriovenous fistula in the DRA were observed. We did not observe any major vascular complications. Conclusions Nursing assessment of the snuffbox area indicated that this approach is a safe and convenient technique for cardiac catheterization with few minor complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Khodabandehlooie
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Meimanat Hosseini
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Jayedi A, Ge L, Johnston BC, Shahinfar H, Safabakhsh M, Mohamadpur S, Ghorbaninejad P, Abyadeh M, Zeraattalab-Motlagh S, Soltani S, Jibril AT, Shab-Bidar S. Comparative effectiveness of single foods and food groups on body weight: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of 152 randomized controlled trials. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1153-1164. [PMID: 36441235 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03046-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed at quantifying and ranking the effects of different foods or food groups on weight loss. METHODS We searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Embase to April 2021. We included randomized trials evaluating the comparative effects of two or more food groups, or compared a food group against a control group (usual diet, no intervention) for weight loss in adults. We conducted random-effects network meta-analysis with Bayesian framework to estimate mean difference [MD] and 95% credible interval [CrI] of the effect of food groups on weight loss. RESULTS 152 RCTs with 9669 participants were eligible. Increased consumption of fish (MD - 0.85 kg, 95% CrI - 1.66, - 0.02; GRADE = low), whole grains (MD - 0.44 kg, 95% CrI - 0.88, 0.0; GRADE = very low), and nuts (MD - 0.37 kg, 95% CI - 0.72, - 0.01; GRADE = low) demonstrated trivial weight loss, well below minimal clinically important threshold (3.9 kg), when compared with the control group. Interventions with other food groups led to no weight loss when compared with either the control group or other food groups. The certainty of the evidence was rated low to very low with the point estimates for all comparisons less than 1 kg. None of the food groups showed an important reduction in body weight when restricted to studies conducted in participants with overweight or obesity. CONCLUSIONS Interventions with a single food or food group resulted in no or trivial weight loss, especially in individuals with overweight or obesity. Further trials on single foods or food groups for weight loss should be highly discouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jayedi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-Dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Long Ge
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Centre, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Bradly C Johnston
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77845, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77845, USA.
| | - Hossein Shahinfar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Safabakhsh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-Dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Mohamadpur
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-Dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parivash Ghorbaninejad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-Dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Abyadeh
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Sheida Zeraattalab-Motlagh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-Dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Soltani
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Aliyu Tijani Jibril
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-Dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-Dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran.
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16
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Nasso G, Santarpino G, Di Bari N, Fattouch K, Condello I, Moscarelli M, Del Giglio M, Paparella D, Lamarra M, Savini C, Coppola R, Fiorani V, Speziale G. Cardiac Surgery in Nonagenarians Following the TAVI/TMVI Era: A Multicenter 23-Year Comparative Analysis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062177. [PMID: 36983179 PMCID: PMC10054800 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies reporting on the outcome of 90-year-old patients undergoing cardiac surgery are scant in literature; and currently, those regarding the implementation of trans-catheter techniques number even fewer. Methods: We compared patients aged >89 years operated on between 1998 and 2008 at 8 Italian cardiac surgery centers, with patients of the same age operated on between 2009 and 2021. All of the patients were operated on with “open” surgery, with the exclusion of percutaneous valve repair/implantation procedures. Results: The patients of the two groups (group 98-08—127 patients, and group 09-21—101 patients) had comparable preoperative risk factors in terms of the LogEuroSCORE (98-08: 21.3 ± 6.1 vs. 09-21: 20.9 ± 11.1, p = 0.12). There was a considerable difference in the type of surgery (isolated valve, isolated coronary, and combined surgery, 46.5, 38.5, and 15% vs. 52, 13, and 35% in 98-08 and 09-21, respectively, p = 0.01). Analogous operating durations were recorded (cross-clamp time: 98-08: 46 ± 28 min vs. 09-21: 51 ± 28 min, p = 0.06). The number of packed bypasses was lower in 09-21 (1.3 ± 0.6 vs. 2.4 ± 1.2, p = 0.001). In the postoperative period, there was a statistically significant difference in the 30-day survival in favor of the “more recent” patients (98-08: 17 deaths (13.4%) versus 09-21: 6(5.9%); p = 0.001), also confirmed in the subgroups (12.2% vs. 0% in isolated coronary surgery, p < 0.001; and 12.3% vs. 0% in isolated valve surgery, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Accurate pre-, intra-, and post-operative evaluation/management to reduce biological impacts facilitate significant improvements in the outcomes in nonagenarian patients when compared to the results recorded in previous years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Nasso
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Anthea Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 70100 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-080-564-4168; Fax: +39-080-564-4678
| | - Giuseppe Santarpino
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Città di Lecce Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University, 40100 Nuremberg, Germany
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Bari
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, “Aldo Moro” University, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Khalil Fattouch
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Maria Eleonora Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 90121 Palermo, Italy
| | - Ignazio Condello
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Anthea Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Moscarelli
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Maria Eleonora Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 90121 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mauro Del Giglio
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Maria Pia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 10024 Torino, Italy
| | - Domenico Paparella
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Santa Maria Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 70100 Bari, Italy
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy
| | - Mauro Lamarra
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 40100 Cotignola, Italy
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Villa Torri Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 40100 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo Savini
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 40100 Cotignola, Italy
| | - Roberto Coppola
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, ICLAS Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 16135 Rapallo, Italy
| | - Vinicio Fiorani
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Salus Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 40100 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Speziale
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Anthea Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 70100 Bari, Italy
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, San Carlo di Nancy Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 00042 Rome, Italy
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Çelebı İ, Ceylan A. Epidemiology of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: comparison of Turkish nationals and refugees. Malawi Med J 2023; 35:22-26. [PMID: 38124693 PMCID: PMC10645900 DOI: 10.4314/mmj.v35i1.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to conduct an epidemiological examination of Turkish citizens and refugees who requested an ambulance due to Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) at the Kayseri 112 emergency services between 2019 and 2020. This study was carried out in the province of Kayseri, which is one of the largest cities in Turkey. The study population includes OHCA patients for whom EMS were activated for any reason in 2019-2020. Data were taken from the Emergency Healthcare Automation System used by Kayseri Emergency Medical Services. A total of 5977 OHCA cases (Turkish 5736, Refugees 241) in which Emergency Medical Servises (EMS) was activated during the research period were included. A rate of 55.6% of patients Turkish nationality and 66.0% refugees were male (p<0.001). Observing at the cause of arrest, we find that 95.7% of cases among Turkish citizens and 82.6% of cases among refugees had a medical cause; while the suicide rate among Turkish citizens was 0.9%, this rate was 5.0% in refugee patients (p<0.001). It was found that the rate of OHCA increased with age and that the average OHCA age was lower in men and refugees. In addition, there is no difference between Turkish nationals and refugees in the use of emergency services for OHCA cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- İsmet Çelebı
- Department of Paramedic, Vocational School of Health Services, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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18
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Macrophages modulate stiffness-related foreign body responses through plasma membrane deformation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2213837120. [PMID: 36626552 PMCID: PMC9934070 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2213837120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Implants are widely used in medical applications and yet macrophage-mediated foreign body reactions caused by implants severely impact their therapeutic effects. Although the extensive use of multiple surface modifications has been introduced to provide some mitigation of fibrosis, little is known about how macrophages recognize the stiffness of the implant and thus influence cell behaviors. Here, we demonstrated that macrophage stiffness sensing leads to differential inflammatory activation, resulting in different degrees of fibrosis. The potential mechanism for macrophage stiffness sensing in the early adhesion stages tends to involve cell membrane deformations on substrates with different stiffnesses. Combining theory and experiments, we show that macrophages exert traction stress on the substrate through adhesion and altered membrane curvature, leading to the uneven distribution of the curvature-sensing protein Baiap2, resulting in cytoskeleton remodeling and inflammation inhibition. This study introduces a physical model feedback mechanism for early cellular stiffness sensing based on cell membrane deformation, offering perspectives for future material design and targeted therapies.
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19
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Namazi N, Anjom-Shoae J, Najafi F, Ayati MH, Darbandi M, Pasdar Y. Pro-inflammatory diet, cardio-metabolic risk factors and risk of type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional analysis using data from RaNCD cohort study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:5. [PMID: 36611151 PMCID: PMC9825034 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-03023-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation and cardiometabolic risk factors can be involved in developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate and compare the association between a pro-inflammatory diet and cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with T2DM and non-T2DM cases. METHODS In this cross-sectional population-based study, considering the baseline data of the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort, patients with T2DM (n = 785) and non-T2DM cases (n = 8254) were included. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) was calculated using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and was classified into four groups (quartiles) with lowest to highest scores. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the association between DII and cardiometabolic risk factors in both groups. RESULTS The participants were 9,039 (4140 men and 4889 women) with a mean age of 47.4 ± 8.2 years; the mean body mass index (BMI) and DII were 27.49 ± 4.63 kg/m2 and - 2.49 ± 1.59, respectively. After adjustment for confounding factors, we found that DII can increase the risk of T2DM by 61% (95% CI 1.27 to 2.05, P < 0.001). A comparison of two groups revealed that the association of DII, obesity/overweight and dyslipidemia were also significant in both diabetic (P < 0.05) and non-diabetic cases (P < 0.05). However, no significant association was found between DII, MetS, and hypertension in either of the groups. The association between DII and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) was only significant in diabetic patients (1.65; 95%CI: 1.02 to 2.65, P = 0.04) and T2DM showed an interaction with the association between DII and CVDs. CONCLUSION Inflammatory potential of diet may increase the risk of T2DM. Although it can increase the risk of some cardiometabolic risk factors in both diabetic and non-diabetic cases, its effects were greater among patients with T2DM. However, further prospective studies are required to confirm these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazli Namazi
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Anjom-Shoae
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Faculty of Nutritional Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Najafi
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ayati
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.412888.f0000 0001 2174 8913Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mitra Darbandi
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- grid.412112.50000 0001 2012 5829Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Ahmadi J, Hosseini E, Kargar F, Ghasemzadeh M. Stable CAD patients show higher levels of platelet-borne TGF-β1 associated with a superior pro-inflammatory state than the pro-aggregatory status; Evidence highlighting the importance of platelet-derived TGF-β1 in atherosclerosis. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2023; 55:102-115. [PMID: 36352058 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-022-02729-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Activated platelets are involved in the atherogenic stage of atherosclerosis, while they can also progress it to atherothrombosis which may cause an ischemic state and organ failure. In general, coronary artery disease (CAD) is considered as common and severe clinical consequence of atherosclerosis, manifesting as a chronic inflammatory condition with the release of platelet mediators, among which the importance of platelet-borne TGF-β1 is not yet well understood. Hence, for the first time, this study aimed to examine platelet level of TGF-β1 (latent/mature) in CAD-patients and its association with the expression of platelet pro-inflammatory molecules. Platelet from stable CAD-patients candidate for CABG and healthy controls were subjected to flowcytometry analysis to evaluate P-selectin and CD40L expressions and PAC-1 binding. Platelet-borne and soluble TGF-β1, both mature/active and latent forms were also examined with western blotting. Higher expression levels of P-selectin and CD40L in patients with CAD than in controls were associated with comparable levels of PAC-1 binding in both groups. Platelet TGF-β1 levels were also significantly higher in patients, while their platelets showed clear bands of mature TGF-β1 that were barely visible in healthy individuals. Soluble TGF-β1 was also higher in patients. Significant correlations between mature/active TGF-β1 and platelet pro-inflammatory markers (P-selectin and CD40L) as well as common indicators of inflammation (CRP and ESR) were observed in CAD patients. In this study, given the insignificant changes in pro-aggregatory potentials in stable CAD, the pro-inflammatory state of platelets may be more involved in disease development and progression. Direct correlations between active platelet-borne TGF-β1 and pro-inflammatory markers with its presence in CAD-patients, which was almost absent in the platelets of healthy individuals, may also underscore the significant contribution of platelet-borne TGF-β1 to the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Ahmadi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehteramolsadat Hosseini
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faranak Kargar
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Ghasemzadeh
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran. .,Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Building, Next to the Milad Tower, Hemmat Exp. Way, P.O.Box:14665-1157, Tehran, Iran.
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21
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Gizaw Z, Astale T, Kassie GM. What improves access to primary healthcare services in rural communities? A systematic review. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2022; 23:313. [PMID: 36474184 PMCID: PMC9724256 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-022-01919-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compile key strategies from the international experiences to improve access to primary healthcare (PHC) services in rural communities. Different innovative approaches have been practiced in different parts of the world to improve access to essential healthcare services in rural communities. Systematically collecting and combining best experiences all over the world is important to suggest effective strategies to improve access to healthcare in developing countries. Accordingly, this systematic review of literature was undertaken to identify key approaches from international experiences to enhance access to PHC services in rural communities. METHODS All published and unpublished qualitative and/or mixed method studies conducted to improvement access to PHC services were searched from MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, WHO Global Health Library, and Google Scholar. Articles published other than English language, citations with no abstracts and/or full texts, and duplicate studies were excluded. We included all articles available in different electronic databases regardless of their publication years. We assessed the methodological quality of the included studies using mixed methods appraisal tool (MMAT) version 2018 to minimize the risk of bias. Data were extracted using JBI mixed methods data extraction form. Data were qualitatively analyzed using emergent thematic analysis approach to identify key concepts and coded them into related non-mutually exclusive themes. RESULTS Our analysis of 110 full-text articles resulted in ten key strategies to improve access to PHC services. Community health programs or community-directed interventions, school-based healthcare services, student-led healthcare services, outreach services or mobile clinics, family health program, empanelment, community health funding schemes, telemedicine, working with traditional healers, working with non-profit private sectors and non-governmental organizations including faith-based organizations are the key strategies identified from international experiences. CONCLUSION This review identified key strategies from international experiences to improve access to PHC services in rural communities. These strategies can play roles in achieving universal health coverage and reducing disparities in health outcomes among rural communities and enabling them to get healthcare when and where they want.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemichael Gizaw
- grid.59547.3a0000 0000 8539 4635Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tigist Astale
- grid.452387.f0000 0001 0508 7211International Institute for Primary Health Care- Ethiopia, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Getnet Mitike Kassie
- grid.452387.f0000 0001 0508 7211International Institute for Primary Health Care- Ethiopia, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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22
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Al-Hammouri MM, Rababah JA. Examining the underlying processes of different dimensions of self-care behavior among persons with heart failure. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:437. [PMID: 36203162 PMCID: PMC9541077 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02876-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was conducted to compare how potential predictors differentially contribute to the different dimensions of self-care in persons with heart failure.
Methods A cross-sectional design was used in this study. Purposive sampling was used to recruit a sample (N = 252) in this study. The data were collected from three major referral hospitals in Jordan. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression. Results The results showed that around 89% of our sample had insufficiency in at least one dimension of self-care. The initial regression models showed that different combinations of predictors were significantly associated with different dimensions of self-care. These models were also different in terms of the variance explained and the coefficients of the significant predictors. After the follow-up analysis of the best fit models for these dimensions, these differences were maintained. Conclusion Despite the similarities in the proposed variables predicting different self-care dimensions, their differences may suggest variations in the underlying processes controlling different self-care dimensions. The current study showed that seven out of the nine proposed variables predicted different dimensions of self-care either in the initial or best-fit models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Munther Al-Hammouri
- Department of Community and Mental, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Jehad A Rababah
- Department of Community and Mental, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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23
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Dube S, Hulke SM, Wakode SL, Khadanga S, Thakare AE, Bharshankar RN, Pakhare A. Effectiveness of Semmes Weinstein 10 gm monofilament in diabetic peripheral neuropathy taking nerve conduction and autonomic function study as reference tests. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:6204-6208. [PMID: 36618173 PMCID: PMC9810846 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_195_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) if detected early can reduce the burden on the health system and prevent the development of diabetic foot ulcers and amputation. Aim To study the effectiveness of Semmes Weinstein 10 gm monofilament in detecting DPN taking nerve conduction studies (NCS) and autonomic function testing (AFT) as reference tests. Settings and Design Observational and comparative cross-sectional study conducted in the Physiology department AIIMS, Bhopal in collaboration with the Medicine department of the institute. Methods and Material A total of 72 diagnosed type-2 diabetes mellitus patients were examined using Semmes Weinstein 10 gm monofilament, DPN was confirmed using NCS (Nihon Kohden Neuropack XI machine) and autonomic neuropathy was confirmed using AFT (Ewing's battery and Power lab) with heart rate variability (HRV). Diagnostic value of Semmes Weinstein 10 gm monofilament taking NCS and AFT as reference test was calculated. Statistical Analysis Used Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated using the standard formula. Results Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV using monofilament are 69.23%, 20%, 69.23% and 20% respectively taking NCS as reference test and 70.59%, 0, 92.30%, and 0 respectively taking AFT as reference test. Conclusions Semmes Weinstein 10 gm monofilament is not the ideal screening test for the diagnosis of DPN. Sole clinical use of monofilament should be discouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchitra Dube
- Physiology Department, AIIMS, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sandip M. Hulke
- Physiology Department, AIIMS, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Sandip M. Hulke, Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, AIIMS, Bhopal - 462 026, Madhya Pradesh, India. E-mail:
| | | | - Sagar Khadanga
- Medicine Department, AIIMS, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Abhijit Pakhare
- Community Medicine Department, AIIMS, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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24
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Yasmin F, Najeeb H, Fareed Siddiqui H, Hamayl Zeeshan M, Mehdi A, Sohaib Asghar M, Shaikh A, Aamir M. Mitral Valve Replacement: A Review of Current Practices and Considerations in Low and High-Risk Patients. Curr Probl Cardiol 2022; 48:101413. [PMID: 36155202 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitral Regurgitation (MR) is the most common form of severe valvular disease occurring in developed countries, being caused either primarily on its own or secondary to cardiac disease. Surgical intervention is required for the correction of MR, which could include the replacement or repair of the affected valve. Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement (TMVR) in selected patients is of increasing importance, especially after the success of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR). TMVR can be divided into three types i.e., valve-in-valve (ViV) for severe mitral valve disease, valve-in-ring (ViR) for failed surgical repairs, and valve-in-mitral annular calcifications (ViMAC) for mitral valvular disease with severe mitral annular calcifications and poor surgical criteria. The FDA approved Mitral ViV for patients with a high surgical risk in 2017, while ViR and ViMAC are still currently under consideration. The SAPIEN M3 valve is relatively new with a trans-septal system, with a success rate of 86%, and no mortality in a 30-day outcome. The Cardiovalve is a bovine pericardium device that has a dual nitinol frame with a custom surgical design to facilitate TMVR. The AHEAD trial will evaluate whether the device is safe to use in a clinical setting and how effective it is for reducing MR in these patients. The trial consists of 30 patients in which the first 5 patients showed 100% technical success and a reduction of MR. This evolution of modern medicine has assisted in many different countries, including Pakistan where there is a higher prevalence of MR and hence, a greater need to apply TMVR in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Yasmin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hala Najeeb
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hasan Fareed Siddiqui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Asad Mehdi
- Department of Medicine, Civil Hospital Sukkur, Sukkur, Pakistan
| | | | - Asim Shaikh
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamir
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Lehigh Valley Heart and Vascular Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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25
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Jam SA, Moloudpour B, Najafi F, Darbandi M, Pasdar Y. Metabolic obesity phenotypes and chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study from the RaNCD cohort study. BMC Nephrol 2022; 23:233. [PMID: 35778682 PMCID: PMC9248132 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-022-02858-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Investigating the effect of metabolic disorders on chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the presence or the absence of obesity is of great importance. This study aimed to examine the independent and joint relationships of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) with CKD. METHODS : The present study was performed on 9,762 participants from the baseline phase of the Ravansar non- communicable diseases (RaNCD) study. Thereafter, the CKD was estimated by glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation. All the included participants were categorized into the following four phenotypes: metabolically healthy non-overweight/obesity (MHNO), metabolically unhealthy non-overweight/obesity (MUNO), metabolically healthy overweight/obesity (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUO). Finally, Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratio (ORs). RESULTS The mean age of the included participants was 47.33 ± 8.27 years old, %48.16 (4,701) of whom were men. As well, 1,058(10.84%) participants had CKD (eGFR less than 60 ml/min/1.73m2). The overweight/obesity was not significantly associated with odds of CKD. The odds of CKD in male subjects with MetS was 1.48 times higher than non-MetS ones (95% CI: 1.10, 2.01). After adjusting the confounders, the odds of CKD were 1.54 times (95% CI: 1.12, 2.11) higher in the MUNO and 2.22 times (95% CI: 1.44, 3.41) higher in the MUO compared to MHNO phenotype in male subjects. The odds of CKD in the MUNO and MUO was 1.31 times (95% CI: 1.10, 1.60) and 1.23 times (95% CI: 1.01, 1.54) higher than MHNO phenotype in female subjects, respectively. CONCLUSION The odds of CKD were higher in MUNO and MUO phenotypes. Therefore, lifestyle modification is recommended to control normal weight and healthy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Arbabi Jam
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Behrooz Moloudpour
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farid Najafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mitra Darbandi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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26
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Matli K, Mahdi A, Zibara V, Costanian C, Ghanem G. Transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention techniques and procedural steps for the treatment of tricuspid regurgitation: a review of the literature. Open Heart 2022; 9:openhrt-2022-002030. [PMID: 35654481 PMCID: PMC9163538 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2022-002030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is an undertreated common pathology associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Classically, surgical repair or valve replacement were the only therapeutic options and are associated with up to 10% postprocedural mortality. Transcatheter tricuspid valve interventions are a novel and effective therapeutic option for the treatment of significant TR. Several devices have been developed with different mechanisms of action. They are classified as annuloplasty devices, replacement devices, caval valve implantation and coaptation devices. In this review, we provide a step-by-step description of the procedural steps and techniques of every device along with video support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Matli
- Cardiology, Lebanese American University Medical Center-Rizk Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon.,Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier de Haguenau, Haguenau, Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine, France
| | - Ahmad Mahdi
- LAU Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Victor Zibara
- LAU Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Christy Costanian
- LAU Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Georges Ghanem
- Cardiology, Lebanese American University Medical Center-Rizk Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
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27
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Effect of acute high-intensity exercise on myocardium metabolic profiles in rat and human study via metabolomics approach. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6791. [PMID: 35473956 PMCID: PMC9042871 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10976-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute high-intensity exercise can affect cardiac health by altering substance metabolism. However, few metabolomics-based studies provide data on the effect of exercise along with myocardial metabolism. Our study aimed to identify metabolic signatures in rat myocardium during acute high-intensity exercise and evaluate their diagnostic potential for sports injuries. We collected rat myocardium samples and subjects’ serum samples before and after acute high-intensity exercise for metabolite profiling to explore metabolic alterations of exercise response in the myocardium. Multivariate analysis revealed myocardium metabolism differed before and after acute high-intensity exercise. Furthermore, 6 target metabolic pathways and 12 potential metabolic markers for acute high-intensity exercise were identified. Our findings provided an insight that myocardium metabolism during acute high-intensity exercise had distinct disorders in complex lipids and fatty acids. Moreover, an increase of purine degradation products, as well as signs of impaired glucose metabolism, were observed. Besides, amino acids were enhanced with a certain protective effect on the myocardium. In this study, we discovered how acute high-intensity exercise affected myocardial metabolism and exercise-related heart injury risks, which can provide references for pre-competition screening, risk prevention, and disease prognosis in competitive sports and effective formulation of exercise prescriptions for different people.
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28
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Khodadadi F, Ketabchi F, Khodabandeh Z, Tavassoli A, Lewis GF, Bahaoddini A. The effect of subdiaphragmatic vagotomy on heart rate variability and lung inflammation in rats with severe hemorrhagic shock. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:181. [PMID: 35439928 PMCID: PMC9020113 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02594-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The influence of cutting the sub-diaphragmatic branch of the vagus nerve on heart rate variability (HRV) and inflammatory reaction to severe hemorrhagic shock has not been determined prior to this study. Methods Male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into four groups of Sham, sub-diaphragmatic vagotomized (Vag), subacute (135 ± 2 min) hemorrhagic shock (SHS), and sub-diaphragmatic vagotomized with SHS (Vag + SHS). Hemodynamic parameters were recorded and HRV calculated during multiple phases in a conscious model of hemorrhagic shock. The expressions of TNF-α and iNOS were measured in the spleen and lung tissues at the conclusion of the protocol. Results Decreases in blood pressure during blood withdrawal were identical in the SHS and Vag + SHS groups. However, heart rate only decreased in the Nadir-1 phase of the SHS group. HRV indicated increased power in the very-low, low, and high (VLF, LF, and HF) frequency bands during the Nadir-1 phase of the SHS and Vag + SHS groups, albeit the values were higher in the SHS group. In the recovery phase, the HF bands were only lower in the SHS group. After hemorrhagic shock followed by resuscitation, the expression of TNF-α and iNOS increased in the spleen and lung of the SHS group, and the expression of these genes was significantly lower in the Vag + SHS group than in the SHS group. Conclusion Parasympathetic activity increases during the hypotensive phase of hemorrhagic shock, whereas the cardiac vagal tone decreases in the recovery phase. Sub-diapragmatic vagotomy blunts the cardiac vagal tone during hemorrhagic shock, but its effect is reversed in the recovery phase. The vagus nerve plays a role in proinflammatory responses in the lungs and spleen in subacute hemorrhagic shock followed by resuscitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Khodadadi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Ketabchi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Khodabandeh
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Tavassoli
- Department of Pathology, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Gregory F Lewis
- Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.,The Traumatic Stress Research Consortium at the Kinsey Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
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Hasanvand A. The role of AMPK-dependent pathways in cellular and molecular mechanisms of metformin: a new perspective for treatment and prevention of diseases. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:775-788. [PMID: 35419709 PMCID: PMC9007580 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00980-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metformin can suppress gluconeogenesis and reduce blood sugar by activating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and inducing small heterodimer partner (SHP) expression in the liver cells. The main mechanism of metformin’s action is related to its activation of the AMPK enzyme and regulation of the energy balance. AMPK is a heterothermic serine/threonine kinase made of a catalytic alpha subunit and two subunits of beta and a gamma regulator. This enzyme can measure the intracellular ratio of AMP/ATP. If this ratio is high, the amino acid threonine 172 available in its alpha chain would be activated by the phosphorylated liver kinase B1 (LKB1), leading to AMPK activation. Several studies have indicated that apart from its significant role in the reduction of blood glucose level, metformin activates the AMPK enzyme that in turn has various efficient impacts on the regulation of various processes, including controlling inflammatory conditions, altering the differentiation pathway of immune and non-immune cell pathways, and the amelioration of various cancers, liver diseases, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), kidney diseases, neurological disorders, etc. Metformin’s activation of AMPK enables it to control inflammatory conditions, improve oxidative status, regulate the differentiation pathways of various cells, change the pathological process in various diseases, and finally have positive therapeutic effects on them. Due to the activation of AMPK and its role in regulating several subcellular signalling pathways, metformin can be effective in altering the cells’ proliferation and differentiation pathways and eventually in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Hasanvand
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
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30
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Musuku SR, Shah QN, Quranta N, Grinn M, Shapeton AD. Atrial Embolization after a Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2022; 36:3414-3417. [PMID: 35461774 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2022.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar R Musuku
- The Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY.
| | | | - Nicholas Quranta
- The Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY
| | - Michael Grinn
- The Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY
| | - Alexander D Shapeton
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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31
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Jonik S, Marchel M, Pędzich-Placha E, Pietrasik A, Rdzanek A, Huczek Z, Kochman J, Budnik M, Piątkowski R, Scisło P, Kochanowski J, Czub P, Wilimski R, Hendzel P, Grabowski M, Filipiak KJ, Opolski G, Mazurek T. Long-term outcomes and quality of life following implementation of dedicated mitral valve Heart Team decisions for patients with severe mitral valve regurgitation in tertiary cardiovascular care center. Cardiol J 2022; 31:62-71. [PMID: 35285514 PMCID: PMC10919556 DOI: 10.5603/cj.a2022.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was purposed to investigate which treatment strategy was associated with the most favourable prognosis for patients with severe mitral regurgitation (MR) following Heart Team (HT)-decisions implementation. METHODS In this retrospective study, long-term outcomes of patients with severe MR qualified after HT discussion to: optimal medical treatment (OMT) alone, OMT and MitraClip (MC) procedure or OMT and mitral valve replacement (MVR) were evaluated. The primary endpoint was defined as cardiovascular (CV) death and the secondary endpoints included all-cause mortality, myocardial infarctions (MI), strokes, hospitalizations for heart failure exacerbation and CV events during a mean (standard deviation [SD]) follow-up of 29 (15) months. RESULTS From 2016 to 2019, 176 HT meetings were held and a total of 157 participants (mean age [SD] = 71.0 [9.2], 63.7% male) with severe MR and completely implemented HT decisions (OMT, MC or MVR for 53, 58 and 46 patients, respectively) were included into final analysis. Comparing OMT, MC and MVR groups statistically significant differences between the implemented procedures and occurrence of primary and secondary endpoints with the most frequent in OMT-group were observed (p < 0.05). However, for interventional strategy MC was non-inferior to MVR for all endpoints (p > 0.05). General health status assessed at the end of follow-up were significantly the lowest for MVR, then for MC and the highest for OMT-group (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS In the present study it was demonstrated that after careful HT evaluation of patients with severe MR at high risk of surgery, percutaneous strategy (MC) can be considered as equivalent to surgical treatment (MVR) with non-inferior outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Jonik
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Marchel
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Adam Rdzanek
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zenon Huczek
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Kochman
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Budnik
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Scisło
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Paweł Czub
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Hendzel
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Grabowski
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Grzegorz Opolski
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Mazurek
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
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Pereira SJ. Cardiac surgery in nonagenarians: Rethinking operative strategies in the era of TAVR and TMVR. J Card Surg 2022; 37:1671-1673. [PMID: 35288984 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.16399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
As growth of the elderly population continues to increase alongside improvements in percutaneous and minimally invasive interventions, cardiac surgeons question the role of high-risk surgery in treating these patients. TAVR has transformed the management of symptomatic severe aortic stenosis in elderly patients and has become standard therapy for patients greater than 80 years of age. With improvements in procedural risks and technical complications for both transcatheter valves and percutaneous interventions, should we rethink the operative strategies for octogenarians and nonagenarians, particularly as they apply to concurrent high-risk operations?
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara J Pereira
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Shyamala N, Kongettira CL, Puranam K, Kupsal K, Kummari R, Padala C, Hanumanth SR. In silico identification of single nucleotide variations at CpG sites regulating CpG island existence and size. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3574. [PMID: 35246549 PMCID: PMC8897451 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05198-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic and epigenetic modifications of genes involved in the key regulatory pathways play a significant role in the pathophysiology and progression of multifactorial diseases. The present study is an attempt to identify single nucleotide variations (SNVs) at CpG sites of promoters of ACAT1, APOB, APOE, CYBA, FAS, FLT1, KSR2, LDLR, MMP9, PCSK9, PHOX2A, REST, SH2B3, SORT1 and TIMP1 genes influencing CpG island (CGI) existence and size associated with the pathophysiology of Diabetes mellitus, Coronary artery disease and Cancers. Promoter sequences located between -2000 to + 2000 bp were retrieved from the EPDnew database and predicted the CpG island using MethPrimer. Further, SNVs at CpG sites were accessed from NCBI, Ensembl while transcription factor (TF) binding sites were accessed using AliBaba2.1. CGI existence and size were determined for each SNV at CpG site with respect to wild type and variant allele by MethPrimer. A total of 200 SNVs at CpG sites were analyzed from the promoters of ACAT1, APOB, APOE, CYBA, FAS, FLT1, KSR2, LDLR, MMP9, PCSK9, PHOX2A, REST, SH2B3, SORT1 and TIMP1 genes. Of these, only 17 (8.5%) SNVs were found to influence the loss of CGI while 70 (35%) SNVs were found to reduce the size of CGI. It has also been found that 59% (10) of CGI abolishing SNVs are showing differences in binding of TFs. The findings of the study suggest that the candidate SNVs at CpG sites regulating CGI existence and size might influence the DNA methylation status and expression of genes involved in molecular pathways associated with several diseases. The insights of the present study may pave the way for new experimental studies to undertake challenges in DNA methylation, gene expression and protein assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivas Shyamala
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana State, India
| | - Chaitra Lava Kongettira
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana State, India
| | - Kaushik Puranam
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana State, India
| | - Keerthi Kupsal
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana State, India
| | - Ramanjaneyulu Kummari
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana State, India
| | - Chiranjeevi Padala
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana State, India
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana State, India
| | - Surekha Rani Hanumanth
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana State, India.
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Trott M, Smith L, Veronese N, Pizzol D, Barnett Y, Gorely T, Pardhan S. Eye disease and mortality, cognition, disease, and modifiable risk factors: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies. Eye (Lond) 2022; 36:369-378. [PMID: 34272511 PMCID: PMC8807837 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01684-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, 2.2 billion people live with some form of vision impairment and/or eye disease. To date, most systematic reviews examining associations have focused on a single eye disease and there is no systematic evaluation of the relationships between eye diseases and diverse physical and mental health outcomes. Moreover, the strength and reliability of the literature is unclear. We performed an umbrella review of observational studies with meta analyses for any physical and/or mental comorbidities associated with eye disease. For each association, random-effects summary effect size, heterogeneity, small-study effect, excess significance bias and 95% prediction intervals were calculated, and used to grade significant evidence from convincing to weak. 34 studies were included covering 58 outcomes. No outcomes yielded convincing evidence, six outcomes yielded highly suggestive results (cataract positively associated with type 2 diabetes, open-angled glaucoma positively associated with myopia and diabetes, diabetic retinopathy positively associated with cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular mortality, and retinopathy of prematurity positively associated with chorioamnionitis), eight outcomes yielded suggestive results (diabetic retinopathy positively associated with all-cause mortality and depression, diabetic macular oedema positively associated with dyslipidaemia, cataract positively associated with gout, nuclear sclerosis positively associated with all-cause mortality, open angled glaucoma positively associated with migraine and hypertension, and age-related macular degeneration positively associated with diabetes), and 18 outcomes yielded weak evidence. Results show highly suggestive or suggestive evidence for associations between several types of eye diseases with several comorbid outcomes. Practitioners and public health policies should note these findings when developing healthcare policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Trott
- grid.5115.00000 0001 2299 5510Vision and Eye Research Institute (VERI), School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5115.00000 0001 2299 5510The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lee Smith
- grid.5115.00000 0001 2299 5510The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicola Veronese
- grid.418879.b0000 0004 1758 9800National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Padua, Italy ,grid.10776.370000 0004 1762 5517University of Palermo, Department of Geriatrics, Palermo, Italy
| | - Damiano Pizzol
- Italian Agency for Development Cooperation (Khartoum), Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Yvonne Barnett
- grid.5115.00000 0001 2299 5510School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Trish Gorely
- grid.23378.3d0000 0001 2189 1357Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of the Highlands and Islands, Centre for Health Sciences, Inverness, UK
| | - Shahina Pardhan
- grid.5115.00000 0001 2299 5510Vision and Eye Research Institute (VERI), School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
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OUP accepted manuscript. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2022; 61:886-887. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezac028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Saku K, Yokota S, Nishikawa T, Kinugawa K. Interventional heart failure therapy: A new concept fighting against heart failure. J Cardiol 2021; 80:101-109. [PMID: 34924236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2021.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is a progressive disease that is associated with repeated exacerbations and hospitalizations. The rapid increase in the number of heart failure patients is a global health problem known as the 'heart failure pandemic'. To control the pandemic, multifaceted approaches are essential, ranging from prevention of onset to long-term disease management. Especially in patients with moderate to severe heart failure (stages C and D), surgical and catheter-based interventions are prerequisites for saving lives, preserving cardiac function, improving quality of life (QOL), and prognosis. In addition, various new medical technologies for these interventions have been clinically applied and have been shown to be effective against symptoms and improve the QOL and prognosis of patients with heart failure. Furthermore, the concept of interventional heart failure (IHF) therapy, which considers heart recovery and prevention of worsening of heart failure via multidisciplinary treatment using surgical, catheter interventions, and mechanical circulatory support devices, has been proposed worldwide. This review discusses the importance of IHF therapy in heart failure management, recent changes in interventional technologies and strategies for patients with heart failure, and worldwide education attempts for IHF specialists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Saku
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan.
| | - Shohei Yokota
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Takuya Nishikawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Dynamics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
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Cammalleri V, Carpenito M, Bono MC, Mega S, Ussia GP, Grigioni F. Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Therapy: From Anatomy to Intervention. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:778445. [PMID: 34869692 PMCID: PMC8639182 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.778445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, severe symptomatic tricuspid regurgitation (TR) affects millions of persons worldwide. However, the benefit of surgical correction of isolated secondary TR remains controversial because of the increased risk of periprocedural mortality and morbidity. In recent years, novel transcatheter tricuspid valve interventions (TTVI) were developed to treat TR, so that TTVI is currently considered in symptomatic, inoperable, anatomically eligible patients. TTVI can be divided into these five domains: edge-to-edge leaflet repair, tricuspid annuloplasty, caval implants, spacer, and total valve replacement. Each transcatheter intervention needs specific imaging protocols for assessing the anatomical feasibility and consequentially predicting the procedural success. This review summarizes the available multimodality imaging tools for screening patients with TR, and identifies anatomical characteristics to choose the best option for the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Cammalleri
- Department of Cardiology, Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Myriam Carpenito
- Department of Cardiology, Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Caterina Bono
- Department of Cardiology, Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Mega
- Department of Cardiology, Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Ussia
- Department of Cardiology, Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Grigioni
- Department of Cardiology, Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
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Rafaqat S, Rafaqat S, Rafaqat S. Pathophysiological role of major adipokines in Atrial Fibrillation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARRHYTHMIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s42444-021-00048-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The adipokines, secreted from adipose tissue or body fats, are also called adipocytokines which are cytokines, cell signaling proteins or cell–cell communication. However, AF is a common cardiac arrhythmia in which the heart beats so fast by abnormal beating and is a serious public health disease associated with increased heart failure, systemic thromboembolism, and death. Adipokines are cardiovascular disease (CVD) mediators or biomarkers that affect the heart as well as blood vessels, by increasing the cardiac contractility and action potential duration, which result in the extent of left ventricular and atrial remodeling.
Main body
Google Scholar, PubMed, and science direct were used to review the literature. Many keywords were used for searching the literature such as Adipokines, Leptin, Apelin, Adiponectin, Omentin-1, Chemerin, CTRP3, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and AF. According to the literature, much more data are available for numerous adipokines, but this review article only has taken few major adipokines which played their major role in Atrial Fibrillation. The review article did not limit the time frame.
Conclusion
In conclusion, adipokines play a significant role in the development and progress of atrial fibrillation. Also, there are major adipokines such as adiponectin, apelin, C1q/TNF-Related Protein 3 (CTRP3), Chemerin, Omentin-1, interleukin-6, Leptin, TNF-α, resistin, and interleukin-10, which played their pathophysiological role in atrial fibrillation by causing cardiac hypertrophy, increasing the cardiac contractility and action potential duration, atrial fibrosis, electrical and structural remodeling of atrial tissue.
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Yousef S, Arnaoutakis GJ, Gada H, Smith AJC, Sanon S, Sultan I. Transcatheter mitral valve therapies: State of the art. J Card Surg 2021; 37:225-233. [PMID: 34532900 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.15995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is one of the most prevalent valvular pathologies in the developed world. There continues to be a growing population of aging patients with MR who may be too high risk for surgical management. The rapid adoption and remarkable success of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) generated enthusiasm for transcatheter mitral valve therapies; however, the complex anatomy and pathophysiology of the mitral valve confers several unique challenges for a fully percutaneous approach. Nevertheless, several devices are under development and in various phases of preclinical or clinical testing, both for transcatheter mitral valve replacement and repair. MitraClip (Abbott Vascular), which has received FDA approval, is the most established percutaneous repair strategy and has been performed in over 80,000 patients as of 2019. The following article serves as a review of the available and upcoming devices for the various etiologies of mitral valvular disease, as well as the unique challenges and potential complications of transcatheter mitral valve intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Yousef
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - George J Arnaoutakis
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Hemal Gada
- Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anson Jay Conrad Smith
- Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Saurabh Sanon
- Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ibrahim Sultan
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Cammalleri V, Mega S, Ussia GP, Grigioni F. Mitral and Tricuspid Valves Percutaneous Repair in Patients with Advanced Heart Failure: Panacea, or Pandora's Box? Heart Fail Clin 2021; 17:607-618. [PMID: 34511209 DOI: 10.1016/j.hfc.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, the interventional landscape has recently expanded. New transcatheter approaches are emerging for both mitral and tricuspid secondary (functional) regurgitation. Transcatheter therapies for mitral and tricuspid valve require a more tailored approach than for the aortic valve, because of more heterogeneous clinical scenarios, anatomic features, and mechanisms of valvular lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Cammalleri
- Department of Cardiology, Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, Roma 00128, Italy; Department of Cardiology, Policlinico Universitario Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, Roma 00133, Italy
| | - Simona Mega
- Department of Cardiology, Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, Roma 00128, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Ussia
- Department of Cardiology, Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, Roma 00128, Italy
| | - Francesco Grigioni
- Department of Cardiology, Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 21, Roma 00128, Italy.
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Long Non-coding RNAs: Potential Players in Cardiotoxicity Induced by Chemotherapy Drugs. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2021; 22:191-206. [PMID: 34417760 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-021-09681-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
One of the most important side effects of chemotherapy is cardiovascular complications, such as cardiotoxicity. Many factors are involved in the pathogenesis of cardiotoxicity; one of the most important of which is long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). lncRNA has 200-1000 nucleotides. It is involved in important processes such as cell proliferation, regeneration and apoptosis; today it is used as a prognostic and diagnostic factor. A, various drugs by acting on lncRNAs can affect cells. Therefore, by accurately identifying IncRNAs function, we can play an effective role in preventing the development of cardiotoxicity-induced chemotherapy drugs, and use them as a therapeutic strategy to improve clinical symptoms and increase patient survival.
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Influences of Stent Design on In-Stent Restenosis and Major Cardiac Outcomes: A Scoping Review and Meta-Analysis. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2021; 13:147-169. [PMID: 34409580 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-021-00569-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Thanks to the developments in implantable biomaterial technologies, invasive operating procedures, and widespread applications especially in vascular disease treatment, a milestone for interventional surgery was achieved with the introduction of vascular stents. Despite vascular stents providing a solution for embolisms, this technology includes various challenges, such as mechanical, electro-chemical complications, or in-stent restenosis (ISR) risks with long-term usage. Therefore, further development of biomaterial technologies is vital to overcome such risks and problems. For this purpose, recent research has focused mainly on the applications of surface modification techniques on biomaterials and vascular stents to increase their hemocompatibility. ISR risk has been reduced with the development and prevalent usage of the art technology stent designs of drug-eluting and biodegradable stents. Nevertheless, their problems have not been overcome completely. Furthermore, patients using drug-eluting stents are faced with further clinical challenges. Therefore, the bare metal stent, which is the first form of the vascular stent technology and includes the highest ISR risk, is still in common usage for vascular treatment applications. For this reason, further research is necessary to solve the remaining vital problems. In this scoping review, stent-based major cardiac events including ISR are analyzed depending on different designs and material selection in stent manufacturing. Recent and novel approaches to overcome such challenges are stated in detail.
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Mutual Arrangements of Coronary Blood Vessels within the Right Atrial Appendage Vestibule. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10163588. [PMID: 34441885 PMCID: PMC8396902 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10163588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of our study was to investigate the presence and mutual relationships of coronary vessels within the right atrial appendage (RAA) vestibule. Methods: We examined 200 autopsied hearts. The RAA vestibule was cross-sectioned along its isthmuses (superior, middle, and inferior). Results: The right coronary artery (RCA) was present in 100% of the superior RAA isthmuses but absent in 2.0% of hearts within the middle isthmus and in 6.5% of hearts within the inferior RAA isthmus. Its diameter was quite uniform along the superior (2.6 ± 0.8 mm), middle (2.9 ± 1.1 mm), and inferior (2.7 ± 0.9 mm) isthmuses (p = 0.12). The location of the RCA varied significantly, and it was sometimes accompanied by other accessory coronary vessels. In all the isthmuses, the RCA ran significantly closer to the endocardial surface than to the epicardial surface (p < 0.001). At the superior RAA isthmus, the artery was furthest from the right atrial endocardial surface and this distance gradually decreased between the middle RAA isthmus and the inferior RAA. Conclusions: This study was the most complex analysis of the mutual arrangements and morphometric characteristics of coronary blood vessels within the RAA vestibule. Awareness of additional blood vessels within the vestibule can help clinicians plan and perform safe and efficacious procedures in this region.
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Akkaif MA, Ng ML, Sk Abdul Kader MA, Daud NAA, Sha'aban A, Ibrahim B. A review of the effects of ticagrelor on adenosine concentration and its clinical significance. Pharmacol Rep 2021; 73:1551-1564. [PMID: 34283374 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-021-00309-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ticagrelor is an oral antiplatelet drug that can reversibly bind to the platelet P2Y12 receptor. Ticagrelor is metabolized mainly by CYP3A4 and produces a rapid blood concentration-dependent platelet inhibitory effect. Unlike other P2Y12 receptor antagonists, many clinical features of ticagrelor are not related to P2Y12 receptor antagonism. PURPOSE This review aims to gather existing literature on the clinical effects of ticagrelor after inhibiting adenosine uptake. METHODOLOGY The current study reviewed literature related to the effects of ticagrelor on adenosine metabolism. The review also examined the drug's biological effects and clinical characteristics to see how it could be used in a clinical setting. RESULTS Many studies have shown that ticagrelor can inhibit equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1). This inhibition leads to intracellular adenosine uptake, increased adenosine half-life and plasma concentration levels and an enhanced adenosine-mediated biological effect. CONCLUSIONS Based on the studies reviewed, it was found that ticagrelor essentially inhibits adenosine absorption of adenosine into cells through ENT1, which increases the concentration in the blood and subsequently increases the protection of the heart muscle by adenosine. It also prevents platelet aggregation, and extends the biological effects of coronary arteries. Moreover, it leads to a lower mortality rate in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ahmed Akkaif
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mei Li Ng
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Nur Aizati Athirah Daud
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Abubakar Sha'aban
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Baharudin Ibrahim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Putri SE, Rekawati E, Wati DNK. Effectiveness of self-management on adherence to self-care and on health status among elderly people with hypertension. J Public Health Res 2021; 10. [PMID: 34060750 PMCID: PMC9309624 DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2021.2406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adherence to self-care is the goal of nursing care for elderly people with hypertension to give them optimal functional health status. The purpose of this paper is to determine the effectiveness of self-management on adherence to self-care and management of health status elderly people living with hypertension in Pekanbaru City. Design and methods: This study design was quasi-experimental with a pre-post test with a control group. The self-management intervention was provided through four home visits to elderly people living with hypertension with a caregiver. Samples were taken by the consecutive sampling technique, and a total number 134 elderly people were participants. The instruments used were the adherence to self-care questionnaire and the Short Form 12 Health Survey (SF12) for elderly people. RESULTS The results showed that most of the respondents with hypertension were 60-74 years of age (84.3%), were female (67.9%), of Minang ethnicity (48.5%), had completed primary school (44%), were unemployed (81.3) %), had a family history of hypertension (50%), were non-smokers (52.2%), and had never drunk alcohol (95.5%). The effects of self-management were positive on adherence to caring for themselves (p<0.001) and on health status (p<0.001). The most influencing factor on self-care compliance and health status after being controlled by confounding variables was self-management (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study recommends that nursing interventions on self-management for elderly people with hypertension in the community and should be integrated into the Community Health Nurses' (Perkesmas) program in Indonesia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Etty Rekawati
- Departement of Community Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java.
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Bogari N, Dannoun A, Athar M, Elkhateeb O, Porqueddu M, Allam R, Alamanni F. Genetic Association of rs10757278 on Chromosome 9p21 and Coronary Artery Disease in a Saudi Population. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:1699-1707. [PMID: 33981157 PMCID: PMC8109021 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s300463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most important leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Few studies have been carried out in the Saudi population regarding the association of rs10757278 polymorphism with CAD. This study aimed to investigate the association of the rs10757278 polymorphism with CAD in Saudi population. Materials and Methods In this case-control study, we recruited 437 patients with CAD and 251 cross-matched healthy controls and performed polymorphism genotyping for rs10757278 using a polymerase chain reaction followed by a restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results The G allele (OR-1.44; 95% CI: 1.15–1.80; p=0.001), as GG (OR-2.13; 95% CI: 1.35–3.36; p=0.0009), in the dominant (OR-1.47; 95% CI: 1.03–2.10; p=0.03) and recessive mode (OR-1.84; 95% CI: 1.26–2.70; p=0.001) of inheritance showed a high-risk association. A disease stratified risk analysis was conducted and comparisons were made using an ANOVA analysis. Diabetes showed a risk association (p=0.001). However, a regression analysis confirmed that for the CAD cases, there was an association between the GG genotype and diabetes (p=0.005). Conclusion The results of this study suggest that the polymorphism rs10757278 is related to a high risk of CAD in a Saudi population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Bogari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Dannoun
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Athar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Science and Technology Unit, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Elkhateeb
- Department of Cardiology, King Abdullah Medical City Makkah, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Cardiology, Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Massimo Porqueddu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Monzino Heart Center, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Reem Allam
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Francesco Alamanni
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Monzino Heart Center, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
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Examining the forgotten valve: outcomes of tricuspid valve surgery, a 15-year experience. Ir J Med Sci 2021; 191:699-704. [PMID: 33822313 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-021-02608-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have entered an era of renewed interest in novel approaches to surgical intervention and minimally invasive and transcatheter technique. With an aging population, isolated tricuspid valve regurgitation incidence is rising; however, referral for surgical intervention remains low. AIMS We undertook this retrospective review to assess outcomes and challenges associated with tricuspid valve intervention. METHODS A comprehensive retrospective review of all patients undergoing tricuspid valve intervention in our institution between 2004 and 2018 was carried out. RESULTS A total of 259 patients who underwent a tricuspid intervention between 2004 and 2018 were identified. Of those, 229 underwent a repair and 30 underwent a replacement. Median survival for repair was 3124 days, and replacement was 2294 days. In-patient mortality was 12% for those undergoing repair and 7% for the replacement patients. Of those undergoing redo tricuspid valve intervention, eight patients (61.5%) were alive at most recent follow-up. Eight patients required intraoperative pacemakers, 2 required postoperative pacemakers. Of those who had intraoperative epicardial pacing systems placed, 5 of the 8 remained pacing dependent on most recent follow up. CONCLUSION Beyond technical challenges, decision making regarding pacemaker requirement requires further exploration. Redo tricuspid valve surgery carries a significant mortality risk and consideration should be given to earlier intervention in this context.
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Saia F, Loforte A, Pacini D. Innovative transcatheter procedures for the treatment of heart failure. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2021; 11:292-300. [PMID: 33708500 DOI: 10.21037/cdt-20-335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of heart failure (HF) continues to rise over time, with aging of the population and increased survival of incident cases. Major improvements occurred in drug therapy but morbidity and mortality of HF patients remain high. Some non-pharmacologic approaches to HF are already part of standard treatment for HF, including implantable cardioverter-defibrillators, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). A number of transcatheter treatments and devices have been developed to improve management of valvular heart diseases (VHD), and some of them are being used or tested in specific HF conditions. For example, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) to unload the left ventricle in patients with moderate aortic stenosis (AS) and HF or TAVI for severe aortic regurgitation (AR) in patients with LVADs. Similarly, percutaneous mitral valve repair can be used to improve prognosis and quality of life in patients with functional mitral valve regurgitation, and has been proposed as a bridge-to-LVAD or to heart transplant in selected patients. Other devices have been specifically developed for the treatment of chronic HF. In this review we describe the main devices used in the treatment of HF associated with aortic and mitral valve disease, as well as novel transcatheter interventions for chronic HF with different pathophysiologic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Saia
- Cardiology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, University Hospital of Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonino Loforte
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, University Hospital of Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Pacini
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Department, University Hospital of Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
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Hochholzer W, Nührenberg T, Flierl U, Olivier CB, Landmesser U, Möllmann H, Dörr M, Mehilli J, Schäfer A, Dürschmied D, Sibbing D, El-Armouche A, Zeymer U, Neumann FJ, Ahrens I, Geisler T. Antithrombotische Therapie nach strukturellen kardialen Interventionen. DER KARDIOLOGE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12181-020-00441-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wojtusiak J, Asadzadehzanjani N, Levy C, Alemi F, Williams AE. Computational Barthel Index: an automated tool for assessing and predicting activities of daily living among nursing home patients. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2021; 21:17. [PMID: 33422059 PMCID: PMC7796534 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-020-01368-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Assessment of functional ability, including activities of daily living (ADLs), is a manual process completed by skilled health professionals. In the presented research, an automated decision support tool, the Computational Barthel Index Tool (CBIT), was constructed that can automatically assess and predict probabilities of current and future ADLs based on patients’ medical history. Methods The data used to construct the tool include the demographic information, inpatient and outpatient diagnosis codes, and reported disabilities of 181,213 residents of the Department of Veterans Affairs’ (VA) Community Living Centers. Supervised machine learning methods were applied to construct the CBIT. Temporal information about times from the first and the most recent occurrence of diagnoses was encoded. Ten-fold cross-validation was used to tune hyperparameters, and independent test sets were used to evaluate models using AUC, accuracy, recall and precision. Random forest achieved the best model quality. Models were calibrated using isotonic regression. Results The unabridged version of CBIT uses 578 patient characteristics and achieved average AUC of 0.94 (0.93–0.95), accuracy of 0.90 (0.89–0.91), precision of 0.91 (0.89–0.92), and recall of 0.90 (0.84–0.95) when re-evaluating patients. CBIT is also capable of predicting ADLs up to one year ahead, with accuracy decreasing over time, giving average AUC of 0.77 (0.73–0.79), accuracy of 0.73 (0.69–0.80), precision of 0.74 (0.66–0.81), and recall of 0.69 (0.34–0.96). A simplified version of CBIT with 50 top patient characteristics reached performance that does not significantly differ from full CBIT. Conclusion Discharge planners, disability application reviewers and clinicians evaluating comparative effectiveness of treatments can use CBIT to assess and predict information on functional status of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Wojtusiak
- Health Informatics Program, Department of Health Administration and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.
| | - Negin Asadzadehzanjani
- Health Informatics Program, Department of Health Administration and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Cari Levy
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Farrokh Alemi
- Health Informatics Program, Department of Health Administration and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
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