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Liyew TM, Mersha AT, Admassie BM, Arefayne NR. Family Satisfaction with Care Provided in Intensive Care Unit; a Multi-Center, Cross-Sectional Study. Patient Relat Outcome Meas 2024; 15:105-119. [PMID: 38680729 PMCID: PMC11048314 DOI: 10.2147/prom.s453246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Healthcare provided in medical facilities should prioritize the needs of families, as it enhances the quality of care for the patients. Family satisfaction gauges how effectively healthcare professionals address the perceived needs and expectations of family members. Numerous factors, including information dissemination, communication, family dynamics, patient characteristics, hospital facilities, and the caregiving process, serve as predictors of family satisfaction. Thus, this study seeks to evaluate the satisfaction of families with the care received by patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study involving 400 participants was conducted across multiple centers from March to June 2023. Multicollinearity was assessed by examining variance inflation factors (VIF), while the goodness-of-fit was evaluated using the Hosmer and Lemeshow test. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were utilized to identify factors correlated with family satisfaction. Variables with a p-value below 0.2 in the bivariable logistic regression were included in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Adjusted Odds Ratios (AORs) with 95% Confidence Intervals were computed to indicate the strength of association. In the multivariable analysis, variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were deemed statistically significant. Results The overall family satisfaction with the care provided in the intensive care unit was 58.6%, with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 55.882% to 61.241%. Families expressed higher satisfaction levels with patient care (64.8%) and professional care (67.4%). However, they reported lower satisfaction levels regarding care provided for families (52.2%), the ICU environment (56.8%), and involvement of families in decision-making (55.8%). Lack of formal education (AOR: 1.949, 95% CI: 1.005, 4.169), completion of primary education (AOR: 2.581, 95% CI: 1.327, 5.021), and completion of grades 9-12 (AOR: 2.644, 95% CI: 1.411, 4.952) were found to be significantly associated with overall family satisfaction. Conclusion and recommendation The overall level of satisfaction is satisfactory. To enhance service quality and family satisfaction, healthcare providers should prioritize effective and regular communication with family members. Keeping them well informed about the patient's condition and treatment plan is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temesgen Misganaw Liyew
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, North Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Abraham Tarekegn Mersha
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, North Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Belete Muluadam Admassie
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, North Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Nurhusen Riskey Arefayne
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, North Gondar, Ethiopia
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2
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Serra N, Botti S, Guillari A, Simeone S, Latina R, Iacorossi L, Torreggiani M, Guberti M, Cicolini G, Lupo R, Capuano A, Pucciarelli G, Gargiulo G, Tomietto M, Rea T. Workload, Job Satisfaction and Quality of Nursing Care in Italy: A Systematic Review of Native Language Articles. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2573. [PMID: 37761770 PMCID: PMC10531217 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11182573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nursing research is rapidly increasing, yet contributions from numerous countries that may interest the international nursing community are impeded because many research articles are published in authors' native language and not in English. The objectives of this work were to systematically review papers published in Italian related to job satisfaction and the quality of nursing care, and to discuss their findings in light of the international literature. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method was used. The Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) and Indice della Letteretura Italiana di Scienze Infermieristiche (ILISI) databases were consulted for eligible studies published from January 2015 to November 2022. Two hundred sixteen papers were identified, 11 of which were selected for review: 8 on job satisfaction, two on workload issues, and 1 on quality of nursing care. The quality of included studies was assessed through the Effective Public Health Practice Project quality assessment tool (EPHPP). The results of our review were in line with those of international literature, and they can help to fill the knowledge gap on the quality of nursing performance in Italian care settings. In addition, the proposed method can provide further elements of discussion among literature providers and reviewers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Serra
- Biostatistics Unit, Department of Public Health, University Federico II of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Stefano Botti
- Hematology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Assunta Guillari
- Department of Public Health, University Federico II of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.G.); (T.R.)
| | - Silvio Simeone
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, “Magna Graecia” University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Roberto Latina
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Laura Iacorossi
- Nursing Research Unit IFO, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Martina Torreggiani
- Research and EBP Unit, Health Professions Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, 42421 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Monica Guberti
- Research and EBP Unit, Health Professions Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, 42421 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (M.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Giancarlo Cicolini
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area—(DiMePRe-J), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Roberto Lupo
- San Giuseppe da Copertino Hospital, Local Health Authority, 73043 Copertino, Italy;
| | - Angela Capuano
- Department of Emergency, AORN Santobono-Pausilipon, 80122 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Pucciarelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gianpaolo Gargiulo
- Hematology and Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Centre, University Federico II of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Marco Tomietto
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK;
| | - Teresa Rea
- Department of Public Health, University Federico II of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.G.); (T.R.)
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3
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Danielis M, Zanotti R, Rosset M, Giorgino S, Gentilini S, Molaro D, Qualizza A, Garau A. The Italian Family Satisfaction in the Intensive Care Unit Questionnaire: A Psychometric Evaluation Using the Rasch Model. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1997. [PMID: 37510438 PMCID: PMC10379138 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11141997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Quality measurement of the intensive care unit (ICU) should include families' perspectives, their satisfaction with the care process and outcomes, and the evaluation of actions to improve their psychological health and wellbeing. The current study was designed to validate the Italian version of the Family Satisfaction in the Intensive Care Unit (FS-ICU) using the Rasch model. Results included reliability and separation for items and persons, item fit statistics, unidimensionality, and item characteristic curve. The study was conducted between August 2022 and February 2023. A total of 108 family members (mean age 54.9 years) completed the FS-ICU questionnaire. The instrument had a moderate discrimination ability and only five items (#21, #23, #10, #22, and #24) exhibited a misfit. The Rasch dimension explained 52.1% of the variance in the data, while the unexplained variance in the first contrast is 7.2%, which indicates a possible second dimension. FS-ICU was shown to be beneficial as an assessment instrument for family member satisfaction in the ICU, despite some flaws that need to further be addressed to improve the scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Danielis
- Laboratory of Studies and Evidence Based Nursing, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy;
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Academic Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (M.R.); (S.G.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (A.Q.); (A.G.)
| | - Renzo Zanotti
- Laboratory of Studies and Evidence Based Nursing, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy;
| | - Marika Rosset
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Academic Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (M.R.); (S.G.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (A.Q.); (A.G.)
| | - Serena Giorgino
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Academic Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (M.R.); (S.G.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (A.Q.); (A.G.)
| | - Sara Gentilini
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Academic Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (M.R.); (S.G.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (A.Q.); (A.G.)
| | - Dina Molaro
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Academic Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (M.R.); (S.G.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (A.Q.); (A.G.)
| | - Anna Qualizza
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Academic Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (M.R.); (S.G.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (A.Q.); (A.G.)
| | - Alessandro Garau
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Academic Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (M.R.); (S.G.); (S.G.); (D.M.); (A.Q.); (A.G.)
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Ahlberg M, Berterö C, Ågren S. Family functioning of families experiencing intensive care and the specific impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: A grounded theory study. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2023; 76:103397. [PMID: 36731264 PMCID: PMC9868351 DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2023.103397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In order to provide a deeper understanding of family functioning, the aim of this study was to identify, describe and conceptualise the family functioning of families where a formerly critically ill family member had stayed at the intensive care unit, with the impact of a pandemic. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY/DESIGN The study has a grounded theory design including interviews with eight families. SETTING Former adult intensive care patients cared for Covid-19 infection and their family. Eight patients and twelve family members from three different intensive care units. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The results presented are grounded in data and identified in the core category "Existential issues" and the categories "Value considerateness; Anxiety and insecurity in life; Insight into the unpredictability of life." FINDINGS The core category could be found in all data and its relationship and impact on the categories and each other. The core is a theoretical construction, whereas the family functioning of families where a formerly critically ill family member had stayed at the intensive care unit was identified, described, and conceptualised. Being able to talk repeatedly about existential issues and the anxiety and insecurity in life, with people that have similar experiences helps the patient and their family to consider and gain insight into the unpredictability of life, and thereby better cope with changes in life. CONCLUSION There is awareness about the love that exists within the family. A willing to supporting each other in the family even if the critical illness made the family anxious and afraid. IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE Even if the pandemic Covid-19 led to restrictions inhibiting family focused nursing, it is important to confirm the family as a part of the caring of the ICU patient. The patients are not alone, their family are fighting together for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Ahlberg
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden,Department of Health, Medical and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden,Corresponding author at: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Carina Berterö
- Department of Health, Medical and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Susanna Ågren
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Department of Health, Medical and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden
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5
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Esteves N, Costa L, Mendonça I, Oliveira T, Paiva J. Family Satisfaction With Critical Care: Before and After the COVID-19 Outbreak. Cureus 2023; 15:e33853. [PMID: 36819395 PMCID: PMC9934930 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Family satisfaction with intensive care units (ICU) is recognized as a key component of the quality of care. As a result, family members are now more involved in the care process, and their needs are recognized throughout the ICU stay. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) changed healthcare worldwide, due to the several restrictions imposed; the communication patterns changed drastically, and institutions were forced to adapt to create a balance between security and the needs of relatives. The aim of this study was to assess family members' satisfaction with the ICU and determine if the COVID-19 restructuring affected family satisfaction. Methods A prospective observational study was performed among the designated family members (DFM) of ICU patients over two time periods, a pre-pandemic period from December 2019 to February 2020 and a pandemic period from May 2020 to February 2021. The Family Satisfaction in the Intensive Care Unit 24 (FS-ICU 24) questionnaire, which was given to the DFM, was the instrument used to determine family satisfaction. Results The study involved 290 DFM, 175 during the pre-pandemic phase and 115 during the pandemic period. The overall and domain-specific family satisfaction scores were high (score > 80) in both the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. The greatest satisfaction levels were related with symptom management and how nurses and doctors cared for the patient. No statistical differences were found between the two time periods. Lastly, a positive association between the two domains explored by FS-ICU 24, satisfaction with care and satisfaction with decision-making process, was verified in both time frames. Conclusion The data obtained revealed very good outcomes on the different FS-ICU 24 domains, in line with other studies in literature. No significant differences were found between the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods, suggesting that the measures implemented during the COVID-19 were successful. The importance of involving families in the decision-making process, providing them with accurate information, and active listening, as well as using better communication skills, is emphasized throughout all these results. The relevance of measuring family satisfaction should be brought to the attention of family members and healthcare professionals so that additional research may be conducted.
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Dees ML, Carpenter JS, Longtin K. Communication Between Registered Nurses and Family Members of Intensive Care Unit Patients. Crit Care Nurse 2022; 42:25-34. [DOI: 10.4037/ccn2022913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background
Effective communication between intensive care unit patients and their families and nurses promotes relationship-centered care and improves nurses’ ability to meet patient and family needs. However, communication with these patients is challenging because of their critical illness. Families often become surrogate decision makers for adult intensive care unit patients.
Objective
To systematically assess available evidence on communication between adult intensive care unit patients and their families and nurses as the initial step in developing nursing strategies to strengthen communication skills.
Methods
In this integrative review, the method of Whittemore and Knafl was used to synthesize findings from qualitative and quantitative (descriptive and experimental) research.
Results
The review revealed a variety of research designs, measurement tools, and types of interventions. The qualitative findings suggest that nurses can strengthen relationship-centered care by regularly updating patients’ families and providing information that can assist with decision-making. The quantitative findings suggest that nurses should be mindful of family members’ needs for assurance, comfort, and support. Providing information on patient status can help alleviate family concerns.
Conclusions
Improved communication between patients and families and intensive care unit nurses is essential to strengthen relationship-centered care. Additional research is needed to better understand the communication needs of adult patients and their families in the intensive care unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy L. Dees
- Mandy L. Dees is a doctoral student, Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Janet S. Carpenter
- Janet S. Carpenter is Distinguished Professor and Audrey Geisel Endowed Chair in Innovation, Indiana University School of Nursing
| | - Krista Longtin
- Krista Longtin is an associate professor, Indiana University School of Liberal Arts, and assistant dean, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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7
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Ponnapa Reddy MR, Kadam U, Lee JDY, Chua C, Wang W, McPhail T, Lee J, Yarwood N, Majumdar M, Subramaniam A. Family satisfaction with intensive care unit communication during the COVID-19 pandemic: a prospective multicentre Australian study Family Satisfaction - COVID ICU. Intern Med J 2022; 53:481-491. [PMID: 36346289 PMCID: PMC9877714 DOI: 10.1111/imj.15964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Virtual communication has become common practice during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic because of visitation restrictions. AIMS The authors aimed to evaluate overall family satisfaction with the intensive care unit (FS-ICU) care involving virtual communication strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic period. METHODS In this prospective multicentre study involving three metropolitan hospitals in Melbourne, Australia, the next of kin (NOK) of all eligible ICU patients between 1 July 2020 and 31 October 2020 were requested to complete an adapted version of the FS-ICU 24-questionnaire. Group comparisons were analysed and calculated for family satisfaction scores: ICU/care (satisfaction with care), FS-ICU/dm (satisfaction with information/decision-making) and FS-ICU/total (overall satisfaction with the ICU). The essential predictors that influence family satisfaction were identified using quantitative and qualitative analyses. RESULTS Seventy-three of the 227 patients' NOK who initially agreed completed the FS-ICU questionnaire (response rate 32.2%). The mean FS-ICU/total was 63.9 (standard deviation [SD], 30.8). The mean score for satisfaction with FS-ICU/dm was lower than the FS-ICU/care (62.1 [SD, 30.3) vs 65.4 (SD, 31.4); P < 0.001]. There was no difference in mean FS-ICU/total scores between survivors (n = 65; 89%) and non-survivors (n = 8, 11%). Higher patient Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III score, female NOK and the patient dying in the ICU were independent predictors for FS-ICU/total score, while a telephone call at least once a day by an ICU doctor was related to family satisfaction for FS-ICU/dm. CONCLUSIONS There was low overall family satisfaction with ICU care and virtual communication strategies adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Efforts should be targeted for improving factors with virtual communication that cause low family satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjuna Reddy Ponnapa Reddy
- Department of Intensive Care MedicineFrankston HospitalFrankstonVictoriaAustralia,Department of Intensive Care MedicineCalvary Public HospitalBruceAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia
| | - Umesh Kadam
- Department of Intensive Care MedicineWerribee Mercy HospitalWerribeeVictoriaAustralia,Department of Intensive Care MedicineMonash Health Casey HospitalBerwickVictoriaAustralia,Department of Intensive Care MedicineEpworth Hospital GeelongWaurn PondsVictoriaAustralia
| | - John Dong Young Lee
- Department of Intensive Care MedicineMonash Health Casey HospitalBerwickVictoriaAustralia
| | - Clara Chua
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Tomecka McPhail
- Department of Social WorkWerribee Mercy HospitalWerribeeVictoriaAustralia
| | - Jodie Lee
- Department of Social WorkMonash Health Casey HospitalBerwickVictoriaAustralia
| | - Naomi Yarwood
- Department of Intensive Care MedicineEpworth Hospital GeelongWaurn PondsVictoriaAustralia
| | - Mainak Majumdar
- Department of Intensive Care MedicineWerribee Mercy HospitalWerribeeVictoriaAustralia
| | - Ashwin Subramaniam
- Department of Intensive Care MedicineFrankston HospitalFrankstonVictoriaAustralia,Department of Intensive Care MedicineEpworth Hospital GeelongWaurn PondsVictoriaAustralia,Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia,School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia,Peninsula Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityFrankstonVictoriaAustralia
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Abstract
To assess the prevalence of and risk factors for postintensive care syndrome in family (PICS-F) in the COVID-19 era.
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9
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Garg SK. Patients\' Family Satisfaction in Intensive Care Unit: A Leap Forward. Indian J Crit Care Med 2022; 26:161-163. [PMID: 35712749 PMCID: PMC8857726 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Garg SK. Patients’ Family Satisfaction in Intensive Care Unit: A Leap Forward. Indian J Crit Care Med 2022;26(2):161–163.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Garg
- Sunil Kumar Garg, Department of Critical Care, NMC Healthcare, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, Phone: +91-11-22334455, e-mail:
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10
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Avcı M, Ayaz-Alkaya S. Anxiety, social support and satisfaction of patients' families in intensive care units: A descriptive-correlational study. J Clin Nurs 2021; 31:2765-2773. [PMID: 34693581 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS & OBJECTIVES This study was conducted with family members of patients' in the intensive care unit (ICU) to identify their anxiety level, social support and satisfaction with the ICU. BACKGROUND Admission of critical patients to the ICU usually involves the participation of family members. DESIGN A descriptive-correlational design was used and reported according to the STROBE checklist. METHODS The sample consisted of 250 family members in ICUs in a city of Turkey. Data were collected by the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Family Satisfaction in the Intensive Care Unit scale. RESULTS A negative correlation was found between family satisfaction of the ICU and state anxiety (r = -0.349, p < 0.001), and a negative relationship between the satisfaction of the ICU and trait anxiety of the participants (r = -0.151, p < 0.05). There was a significant relationship between the state anxiety level (Adjusted R² = 0.080, F = 8.247, p < 0.001), trait anxiety level (Adjusted R² = 0.185, F = 19.821, p < 0.001), the perceived social support (Adjusted R² = 0.094, F = 9.640, p < 0.001) and satisfaction (Adjusted R² = 0.013, F = 4.161, p < 0.001) of family members and their sociodemographic characteristics. CONCLUSIONS The study concluded that anxiety levels of relatives of the families were high, their social support and satisfaction with the intensive care unit were at a moderate level. There was a correlation between anxiety levels, satisfaction with the intensive care unit, and the perceived social support of families. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Holistic care for the psychosocial needs of families who have a member in the ICU should be planned to increase satisfaction. Nurses should observe families closely for anxiety, allow them to ask questions and include them in the care of their family member.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyase Avcı
- Nursing Department, Aksaray University Faculty of Health Sciences, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Sultan Ayaz-Alkaya
- Nursing Department, Gazi University Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
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