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Johnson J, Sarangi L. Shared experiences among successful hearing aid users with high hearing aid self-efficacy. Int J Audiol 2024; 63:579-586. [PMID: 37607212 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2023.2243541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While targeted rehabilitation can enhance hearing aid self-efficacy (HASE), little research has been done to determine the factors contributing to its predictive value. By investigating the experiences of individuals who successfully use HAs and have high levels of HASE, we hoped to illuminate specific strategies and/or sources of support these individuals share that might explain why high HASE is often linked to successful outcomes. DESIGN AND STUDY SAMPLE This qualitative study explored the experiences of five older adults who were successful HA users and reported having high HASE. Semi-structured interview guides were developed using the transtheoretical model of behavioral change as a framework. Interviews were analyzed thematically and holistically. RESULTS Participants attributed their HA success to: intrinsic motivation to improve their hearing, confident self-reliance when making health decisions, willingness to act on advice from trusted others, pro-social personal attributes, positive expectations about HA outcomes, and actively pursuing an optimal HA outcome. CONCLUSIONS For these participants, internal factors related to emotional state and source of motivation, and, to a lesser extent, verbal persuasion played a crucial role in their long-term success. This suggests that external influencers might be less impactful in facilitating success for those with high HASE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jani Johnson
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Lipika Sarangi
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
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Julius V, McCarthy G. An exploratory study of obstetrics trainees' experiences of breaking bad news. CLINICAL TEACHER 2024; 21:e13671. [PMID: 37840475 DOI: 10.1111/tct.13671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breaking bad news is one of the hardest tasks performed by doctors. The news can significantly impact on the patient's life; however, the process also generates stress for the doctor. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences of breaking bad news for obstetrics trainees in Ireland. METHODS A qualitative study using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was performed to capture the experience of breaking bad news for the trainees. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with trainees over Zoom. The transcripts were analysed in line with the IPA framework with the assistance of NVivo software. RESULTS Seven trainees were interviewed, five at Basic Specialist Training (BST) level and two at Higher Specialist Training (HST) level. Four superordinate themes were identified from the analysis: "the reality of working in obstetrics," "the role of the doctor," "development of communication skills" and "the importance of the patient experience." The trainees described breaking bad news in a variety of clinical contexts. This task could be emotionally draining; however, only two trainees mentioned ways of coping with this. Their formal training was limited with the majority of learning occurring "on the job." CONCLUSIONS This study provides an insight into factors that influence trainees experiences of breaking bad news. The results complemented existing literature and raised questions about how to better support trainees through increased training and psychological support.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Julius
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - G McCarthy
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Kirkness KB, Bazira PJ, Finn GM, Nizza IE. "Preparing them for the profession": An interpretative phenomenological analysis of anatomy educators coping with complexity in the United Kingdom curriculum. ANATOMICAL SCIENCES EDUCATION 2023; 16:237-251. [PMID: 36120944 DOI: 10.1002/ase.2225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to integrate the basic sciences into the ever-changing curriculum are a trending area of research in health professions education. Low-stakes, high-frequency assessment methods such as the progress test are now widely implemented in the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland as a means of furthering curricular integration toward contemporary goals of competency and professional identity formation. The anatomy educator's experience vis-à-vis these curricular changes is not well understood. This study aimed to explore how anatomy educators make sense of the shifting demands of their role. The interviews were semi-structured, particularly concerned with the phenomenon of teachers adapting to the complexity of their learning environment. The study used interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to focus on the lived experiences of participants coping with the phenomena in question: how do anatomy educators make sense of the learning environment in the United Kingdom? Interviews were transcribed verbatim and interpreted inductively, identifying four key themes: confidence through connectedness, variations in appraisals of curricular integration, managing expectations to perform in paradoxical situations, and the emergence of innovative teaching. Results point to the learning environment as a complex system and highlight the importance of feeling support from and connection to colleagues, enabling individual educators to develop confidence, meet the top-down demands of changing curricula, and experience personal identity development and uncertainty tolerance within their role. This IPA study offers insight into the lived experiences of anatomy educators whose experiential interpretations of a complex and changing curriculum can uniquely inform stakeholders in health professions education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen B Kirkness
- Health Professions Education Unit (HPEU), Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Peter J Bazira
- Centre for Anatomical and Human Sciences, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Gabrielle M Finn
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Isabella E Nizza
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
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Bartrim K, Moyle W, Rigby R, Ball L. Examining dietitians' knowledge, skills and attitudes regarding working with older adults in residential aged care facilities and home care services: An integrative review. J Hum Nutr Diet 2023; 36:86-96. [PMID: 35922141 PMCID: PMC10087330 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Australian 2021 Royal Commission identified that the dietetic workforce needs to grow in size and capacity to support nutrition care in older adults. However, little is known about dietitians' knowledge, skills and attitudes (KSA) regarding working with older adults in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) or their homes. This review describes dietitians' KSA regarding older adults in RACFs and home care services. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in August 2021 to identify studies examining any aspect of dietitians or student dietitians' KSA working in RACFs and home care services. No restrictions were applied to methodological design, language, location or publication year. Studies were assessed for quality using the Johanna Briggs Institute Quality Appraisal Tools. Study findings were analysed thematically using meta-synthesis. RESULTS All 17 studies that met the inclusion criteria explored dietitians' attitudes towards their role, three studies examined perceived knowledge, although no studies objectively explored dietitians' skill levels. Five themes were developed inductively: (1) recognising their contribution as dietitians; (2) lacking clarity about the boundaries of their role; (3) all team members have a role to play in nutrition care; (4) assumptions and biases about working with older people; and (5) needing to build capacity in the workforce. DISCUSSION Dietitians have mixed attitudes about working in RACFs and home care services. Future directions include evaluating dietitians' role in RACFs, reviewing education and training and practical opportunities for student dietitians, and assessing the impact of more dietitian support on an older person's dietary intake and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karly Bartrim
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia.,School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Wendy Moyle
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Roshan Rigby
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia.,School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Lauren Ball
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia.,School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
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Guedes MR, Galiza DDFD, Almeida Cabral L, Lacerda VWDS, Fernandes Leal AL, Sampaio HADC. Difficulties experienced by caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's Disease in relation to dietary care: integrative review. REVISTA CIÊNCIAS EM SAÚDE 2022. [DOI: 10.21876/rcshci.v12i3.1244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the problems experienced by caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) in dietary care. Methods: An integrative review was carried out, whose guiding question was "What are the experiences and difficulties reported by caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease concerning dietary care?". The search occurred in April/2021 in the following databases: MEDLINE, Science Direct, SCOPUS, Web of Science, SciELO, and Lilacs. Publications fromthe last 10 years in English, Portuguese or Spanish were included. Results: Of the 2,418 articles initially found, the titles of 39 seemed to fit the research objectives. Of these, 11 articles were selected for full reading, and 8 were evaluated to answer the research question. A gap in the approach to the problems experienced by caregivers of patients with AD concerning dietary care was observed. Difficulties dealing with reduced appetite, dysphagia, inability to remember eating, mealtime refusal, and food repulsion were reported. Allied to this, caregiver stress was reported. Conclusion: The main problems experienced by caregivers of patients with AD involve reduced appetite, dysphagia, difficulty remembering what they have already eaten, refusal at mealtimes, and food repulsion. Thus, the theme deserves the attention and involvement of health professionals to focus on the most frequent difficulties and teach caregivers to overcome them.
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Goodwin I, Lea E, Bindoff A, Doherty K. Exploring perceptions of eating with dementia: Findings from a massive open online course. Appetite 2022; 177:106126. [PMID: 35697154 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
People with dementia are at high risk of malnutrition as a result of progressive symptoms that affect eating. Maximising opportunities to enhance nutrition and strategies to encourage eating are a crucial part of providing care. Caregiver knowledge and a person-centred approach to eating is essential to reduce symptom burden and maintain quality of life. There is currently limited research investigating first person perceptions of eating with dementia, particularly beyond small sample sizes. Therefore, this paper aims to explore community perceptions of how best to encourage eating for people with dementia using findings from an online course. Within the Understanding Dementia Massive Open Online Course, responses to the following statement were collected: 'If I had dementia, the things that might help me to eat include…'. A total of 3,651 participant responses were collected from the 2018 and 2019 course enrolments and analysed using structural topic modelling and secondary thematic analysis. The majority of participants were female, tertiary educated Australians over 50 years old. A third were paid caregivers. Thirteen topics were isolated from topic modelling that can be reduced into six broad categories: food type personalisation, meal choice, meal presentation, eating environment, eating assistance and end of life nutrition. Participant responses demonstrated diverse awareness of important aspects to encourage eating in dementia. Findings support the need for improved uptake of nutritional strategies in practice and education on eating with dementia to support caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Goodwin
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia; Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - Emma Lea
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Aidan Bindoff
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Kathleen Doherty
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, Tasmania, Australia
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Newman C, Whitehead P, Thomson M. What are the common areas of risk and their characteristics found in intermediate care from an occupational therapy perspective? A scoping review. Br J Occup Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/03080226221079233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Engaging with risk is a certain and unavoidable part of occupational therapy. Intermediate care services are mostly accessed by older people with complex needs, yet little is known in the literature about the extent, type and nature of risk involved in these services. Method A scoping review was systematically conducted to map the common areas of risk (risk domains) from an occupational therapy perspective. Thematic analysis was conducted in order to identify the risk characteristics related to the literature reviewed. Results 25 journal articles were identified and arranged into 10 risk domains: Falls, discharge, practice errors, activities of daily living, pressure care, frailty management, patient handling, loneliness, nutritional care and language barriers. Three risk characteristics were identified: (1) Risk awareness and identifying risk, (2) decision-making under risk and (3) improving safety. Conclusion Occupational therapists play a diverse role in migrating risk for older people which is not fully explored beyond addressing deficits in functional ability and hazardous environments. The process of how risk is controlled and reconciled with occupation and how positive risk-taking is facilitated are implicit and not directly addressed within the literature reviewed. The findings reveal gaps in knowledge and provide a foundation for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Newman
- Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Phillip Whitehead
- Population Health Sciences Institute Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Mary Thomson
- Newcastle Business School, Northumbria University, UK
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Goh AMY, Polacsek M, Malta S, Doyle C, Hallam B, Gahan L, Low LF, Cooper C, Livingston G, Panayiotou A, Loi SM, Omori M, Savvas S, Burton J, Ames D, Scherer SC, Chau N, Roberts S, Winbolt M, Batchelor F, Dow B. What constitutes 'good' home care for people with dementia? An investigation of the views of home care service recipients and providers. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:42. [PMID: 35016640 PMCID: PMC8751242 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02727-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our objective was to explore what people receiving and providing care consider to be 'good' in-home care for people living with dementia. METHODS We conducted 36 in-depth interviews and two focus groups with key stakeholders in Australia in the first quarter of 2018. Participants included those receiving care (4 people living with dementia, 15 family carers) or providing care (9 case managers, 5 service managers, 10 home care workers). Qualitative thematic analysis was guided by Braun and Clarke's six-step approach. RESULTS Consensus was reached across all groups on five themes considered as important for good in-home dementia care: 1) Home care workers' understanding of dementia and its impact; 2) Home care workers' demonstrating person-centred care and empathy in their care relationship with their client; 3) Good relationships and communication between care worker, person with dementia and family carers; 4) Home care workers' knowing positive practical strategies for changed behaviours; 5) Effective workplace policies and workforce culture. The results contributed to the co-design of a dementia specific training program for home care workers. CONCLUSIONS It is crucial to consider the views and opinions of each stakeholder group involved in providing/receiving dementia care from home care workers, to inform workforce training, education program design and service design. Results can be used to inform and empower home care providers, policy, and related decision makers to guide the delivery of improved home care services. TRIAL REGISTRATION ACTRN 12619000251123 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita M Y Goh
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia. .,The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia. .,Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia. .,Royal Melbourne Hospital, PO Box 2127, Melbourne, VIC, 3050, Australia.
| | | | - Sue Malta
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Colleen Doyle
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Brendan Hallam
- Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London, UK
| | - Luke Gahan
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,LaTrobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lee Fay Low
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Claudia Cooper
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gill Livingston
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anita Panayiotou
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Safer Care, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Samantha M Loi
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Royal Melbourne Hospital, PO Box 2127, Melbourne, VIC, 3050, Australia
| | - Maho Omori
- Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Steven Savvas
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jason Burton
- dementia360, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David Ames
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Kew, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Nadia Chau
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Stefanie Roberts
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Royal Melbourne Hospital, PO Box 2127, Melbourne, VIC, 3050, Australia
| | | | | | - Briony Dow
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Swaminathan K, Ramakrishnan L. Lived Experiences of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis survivors - An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTIVIST PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10720537.2021.1953419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karthick Swaminathan
- Department of Management Studies, Pondicherry University, Karaikal Campus, Karaikal, Puducherry, India
| | - Lalitha Ramakrishnan
- Department of Management Studies, Pondicherry University, Karaikal Campus, Karaikal, Puducherry, India
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Su HF, Koo M, Lee WL, Sung HC, Lee RP, Liu WI. A dementia care training using mobile e-learning with mentoring support for home care workers: a controlled study. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:126. [PMID: 33593287 PMCID: PMC7885550 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02075-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Caring of older adults with dementia at home can be challenging for home care workers. There is a need to develop suitable training for home care workers to improve the quality of dementia care. We evaluated a 12-week dementia care training including mobile e-learning, social networking, and mentoring support group meetings on the dementia care knowledge, attitude, and competence of home care workers. Methods This controlled study involved 140 home care workers from two home care agencies, which were selected from 12 home care agencies in eastern Taiwan. The two home care agencies were randomly allocated either the intervention group or the control group. The intervention group received mobile e-learning, mentor-led online social support networking, and monthly face-to-face mentoring support group meetings. Participants in the control group received 8-h conventional lectures. The primary outcomes were knowledge, attitude, and competence in dementia care. Questionnaires consisting of the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale, Approaches to Dementia Questionnaire, and Sense of Competence in Dementia Care Staff scale were administered to the participants at three time points (baseline, end of the 12-week intervention, and 12 weeks after the end of the intervention). Results Generalized estimating equation analyses showed that the intervention significantly improved the knowledge, attitude, and competence of home care workers on dementia care. The effects remained significant even 12 weeks after the end of the intervention. Conclusions A 12-week dementia care training program consisting of mobile e-learning, social networking, and face-to-face mentoring support group meetings were found to a feasible approach in improving the knowledge, attitude, and competence of home care workers. Mobile e-learning and online environment provides a platform that is self-directed, flexible, accessible, and cost-effective for training home care workers. The findings provide a call to action for nurse educators and policy makers to re-design existing dementia care training for home care workers to meet the critical home care needs of a growing dementia population. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT03822286. Registration date: 27/01/2019. Posted date: 31/01/2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Feng Su
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, No. 880, Sec. 2, Chien-Kuo Road, Hualien City, 970046, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, 701 Zhongyang Road, Sec. 3, Hualien City, 97004, Taiwan
| | - Malcolm Koo
- Graduate Institute of Long-term Care, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, No. 880, Sec. 2, Chien-Kuo Road, Hualien City, 970046, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Li Lee
- Department of Medical Image & Radiological Science, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, No. 880, Sec. 2, Chien-Kuo Road, Hualien City, 970046, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Chuan Sung
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, 701 Zhongyang Road, Sec. 3, Hualien City, 97004, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Long-term Care, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, No. 880, Sec. 2, Chien-Kuo Road, Hualien City, 970046, Taiwan.
| | - Ru-Ping Lee
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, 701 Zhongyang Road, Sec. 3, Hualien City, 97004, Taiwan
| | - Wen-I Liu
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, 365 Ming-te Road, Peitou District, Taipei City, 112, Taiwan
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