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Cerri J, Musto C, Ferretti M, Delogu M, Bertolino S, Martinoli A, Bisi F, Preatoni DG, Tattoni C, Apollonio M. COVID-19 could accelerate the decline in recreational hunting: A natural experiment from Northern Italy. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0309017. [PMID: 39150926 PMCID: PMC11329146 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Although many studies highlighted the potential of COVID-19 to reshape existing models of wildlife management, empirical research on this topic has been scarce, particularly in Europe. We investigated the potential of COVID-19 pandemic to accelerate the ongoing decline in an aging population of recreational hunters in Italy. Namely, we modelled spatiotemporal trends between 2011 and 2021 in the number of recreational hunters in 50 Italian provinces with a varying incidence of COVID-19, and temporally delayed waves of infection. Compared to projections from 2011-2019 data, we detected a lower number of hunters who enrolled for the hunting season, both in 2020 (14 provinces) and in 2021 (15 provinces). The provinces with the highest incidence of COVID-19 in the Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna regions were also those experiencing the most marked decrease in hunting participation. Our findings revealed that a wildlife management system based on recreational hunting can be rapidly destabilized by epidemics and their associated public health measures, particularly when the average age of hunters is high, like in Italy. Considered the high incidence attained by COVID-19 in many European countries, where hunters are pivotal for the management of large ungulates and where they were already declining before the pandemic, our findings call for further large-scale research about the impact of COVID-19 on hunting participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Cerri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Carmela Musto
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Delogu
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sandro Bertolino
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Adriano Martinoli
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Francesco Bisi
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | | | - Clara Tattoni
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Marco Apollonio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Kajiwara K, Kako J, Kobayashi M, Ito Y, Tsubaki M, Yamanaka M, Sakuramoto H, Kakeda T. Reply to: "Loneliness, psychological distress, and the moderating effect of positive aspects of caregiving among cancer caregivers". Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:556. [PMID: 39073644 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08764-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Kajiwara
- Faculty of Nursing, Japanese Red Cross Kyushu International College of Nursing, 1-1 Asty Munakata, Fukuoka, 811-4157, Japan.
| | - Jun Kako
- Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Kobayashi
- Graduate of Nursing Science, St. Luke's International University, Chuo-Ku, 104-0044, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Ito
- College of Nursing Art and Science, University of Hyogo, Akashi, 673-8588, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Yamanaka
- School of Nursing, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Hideaki Sakuramoto
- Faculty of Nursing, Japanese Red Cross Kyushu International College of Nursing, 1-1 Asty Munakata, Fukuoka, 811-4157, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kakeda
- Faculty of Nursing, Kawasaki City College of Nursing, Kawasaki, 212-0054, Japan
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Monteiro I, Brito L, Pereira MG. Burden and quality of life of family caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients: the role of forgiveness as a coping strategy. Aging Ment Health 2024; 28:1003-1010. [PMID: 38425032 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2024.2320138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the variables that were associated, contributed and moderated quality of life (QoL) and burden in family caregivers. METHODS A total of 130 participants were evaluated using the following instruments: Depression, Anxiety and Distress Scale; Index of Family Relations; Heartland Forgiveness Scale; Burden Interview Scale; Short Form Health Survey. RESULTS Being a younger caregiver, less distress, better family relationships and greater use of forgiveness were associated with more QoL. Also, family caregivers who chosethe caregiving role, less distress, better family relationships and greater use of forgiveness showed lower levels of burden. Age, distress and forgiveness contributed to QoL. In turn, the choice to become a family caregiver, distress, and forgiveness contributed to burden. Forgiveness played a moderating role in the relationship between family relationships and burden. CONCLUSION Based on the results, there is a need to intervene in older family caregivers, particularly those who did not choose to become a caregiver, who report greater distress, have worse family relationships, and display less use of forgiveness, in order to decrease their burden and promote QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Monteiro
- Research Center in Psychology (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Laura Brito
- Research Center in Psychology (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - M Graça Pereira
- Research Center in Psychology (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Ali AM, Alkhamees AA, Hallit S, Al-Dwaikat TN, Khatatbeh H, Al-Dossary SA. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8: investigating its cutoff scores in relevance to loneliness and burnout among dementia family caregivers. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13075. [PMID: 38844485 PMCID: PMC11156668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60127-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The global trend of advanced aging comes at the cost of amplified onset of age-related diseases. Dementia is a common multifactorial age-related neurodegenerative disorder, which manifests with progressive declines in cognitive functioning and ability to perform activities of daily living. As polices discourage institutionalized care, family members act as primary caregivers and endure increased vulnerability to physical and mental health problems secondary to care-related changes in life routine and relationships. Targeting clinically significant distress at earlier stages through valid brief measures may promote caregivers' wellbeing and dementia care continuity/quality. This study aimed to determine the optimal cutoff score of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-items (DASS-8) in a convenience sample of 571 European caregivers (Mean age = 53 ± 12 years, Italian = 74.4%, Swiss = 25.6%) through three methods. K-means clustering classified the sample into high- and low-distress clusters based on DASS-8 score of 19. Receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis using 48 and 7 cutoffs of the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) and the Three-Item University of California, Los Angeles, Loneliness Scale-version 3 (UCLALS3), revealed two DASS-8 cutoffs (12.5 and 14.5, area under the curve (AUC) = 0.85 and 0.92, p values < .001, 95% CI 0.82-0.88 and 0.89 to 0.94, sensitivity = 0.81 and 0.78, specificity = 0.76 and 0.89, Youden index = 0.57 and 0.67, respectively). Decision modeling produced two DASS-8 cutoffs (9.5 and 14.5) for predicting low and high caregiving burden and loneliness, respectively. According to the median of all DASS-8 cutoffs (14.5) the prevalence of mental distress was 50.8%. Distress correlated with key mental problems such as burnout and loneliness-in path analysis, DASS-8 scores were predicted by the ZBI, UCLALS3, care dependency, and receiving help with care, especially among older, female, and spouse caregivers. Further diagnostic workup should follow to confirm psycho-pathogenicity among caregivers with DASS-8 scores above 14.5. Investigations of the DASS-8 in other countries/populations may confirm the validity of this cutoff score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Mohammed Ali
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Smouha, 21527, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Tariq N Al-Dwaikat
- Department of Community and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Haitham Khatatbeh
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Jerash University, Jerash, Jordan
| | - Saeed A Al-Dossary
- Department of Psychology, College of Education, University of Ha'il, 1818, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
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Li B, Jin H, Yan G, Zhang C, Chen S, Wang Y, Wang T, Wan Q, Wei Z, Sun Y. Mental states in caregivers toward people with Alzheimer's disease at different stages. Front Neurol 2024; 14:1327487. [PMID: 38274888 PMCID: PMC10808319 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1327487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Caring for people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is burdensome, especially when family members act as caregivers. This multicenter survey first aimed to investigate caregivers' mental states as well as its influencing factors in caring for people with different severities of AD in China. Methods People with AD and their caregivers from 30 provincial regions in mainland China were enrolled from October 2020 to December 2020 to be surveyed for caregivers' mental states and living conditions, as well as caregivers' attitudes toward treatment and caring. Logistic regression was used to explore the factors that influence the positive and negative states of caregivers who care for people with different stages of AD. Results A total of 1,966 valid questionnaires were analyzed (mild AD: 795, moderate AD: 521, severe AD: 650). A total of 73.6% of caregivers maintained normal states (mild group: 71.9%, moderate group: 73.9%, severe group: 75.2%; X2 = 2.023, p = 0.364), and the proportions of caregivers with positive and negative states were 26.3% (mild group: 38.4%, moderate group: 24.6%, severe group: 13.1%; X2 = 119.000, p < 0.001) and 36.5% (mild group: 25.2%, moderate group: 36.9%, severe group: 50.2%; X2 = 96.417, p < 0.001), respectively. The major factors that both influenced caregivers' positive and negative states were the severity of AD, perceived efficacy of treatment, safety issues after AD dementia diagnosis and perceived social support (p < 0.005), while neuropsychiatric symptoms causing stress in caregivers (p < 0.001) only affected the negative states of caregivers. The results of further analysis according to disease severity showed that safety issues after AD dementia diagnosis (p < 0.005) only made significant differences in the mild-to-moderate group. Conclusion To reduce negative states and promote positive states among caregivers, flexible and sensitive caregiving support could be built on caregivers' demands in caring for people with different stages of AD. The support of emotion, social functioning and nursing skills is one of the significant ways for health workers to enhance caregivers' competency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Li
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiqiang Jin
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guiying Yan
- Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Siwei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoqin Wan
- Nursing School of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimin Wei
- Health Service Department of the Guard Bureau of the Joint Staff Department, Beijing, China
| | - Yongan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Boamah SA, Weldrick R, Yous ML, Gao H, Garnett A, Dal Bello-Haas V, Kaasalainen S. "Picturing a Way Forward": Strategies to Manage the Effects of COVID-19-Related Isolation on Long-Term Care Residents and Their Informal Caregivers. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2024; 64:gnad035. [PMID: 36999914 PMCID: PMC10733125 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnad035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Strategies to manage the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic included widespread use of physical distancing measures. These well-intended strategies adversely affected long-term care (LTC) residents' socialization and their caregiving arrangements, leading to exacerbation of social isolation and emotional distress for both residents and their caregivers. This study aimed to understand how these measures affected informal caregivers of people living in LTC homes in Ontario. Strategies to increase socialization and promote social connection during and post-COVID-19 were also explored. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This qualitative study used descriptive and photovoice approaches. Of the 9 potential caregivers identified, 6 participated in the study and shared their experiences and photographic reflections in virtual focus group sessions. RESULTS Findings highlighted the increased social isolation experienced by people living in LTC and their caregivers during COVID-19. Caregivers reported pronounced declines in residents' well-being and were frustrated by challenges connecting with their family members during quarantine. Attempts made by LTC homes to maintain social connections, such as window visits and video calls, did not fulfill the social needs of residents and their caregivers. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Findings underscore a need for better social support and resources for both LTC residents and their caregivers going forward to prevent further isolation and disengagement. Even in times of lockdown, LTC homes must implement policies, services, and programs that promote meaningful engagement for older adults and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila A Boamah
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rachel Weldrick
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marie-Lee Yous
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Harrison Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Garnett
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vanina Dal Bello-Haas
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sharon Kaasalainen
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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7
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Nguyen LT, Prophater LE, Fazio S, Hülür G, Tate R, Sherwin K, Shatzer J, Peterson LJ, Haley WE. Project VITAL at Home: Impact of Technology on Loneliness and Well-Being of Family Caregivers of People with Dementia. Clin Gerontol 2024; 47:149-160. [PMID: 36111824 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2022.2123726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Project VITAL At Home aimed to combat social isolation and loneliness in family caregivers of people with dementia through purposeful engagement and connection. This project examined the effects of technology on caregiver loneliness and well-being, as well as their technology experiences, during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Family caregivers were provided iN2L tablets and access to Alzheimer's Association supportive programs. Caregivers (n = 124) completed online surveys at pre and post evaluation points (average 7 months apart) to assess loneliness, subjective well-being (affect), supportive program usage, and tablet experiences. RESULTS Family caregivers had positive perceptions of the tablets for both themselves and their family members. Tablets had positive effects on caregiver well-being, including giving them an additional caregiver tool, alleviating stress, increasing satisfaction with quiet time, and improving access to supportive programs. Caregiver positive affect decreased, but no changes were observed for negative affect or loneliness. CONCLUSIONS Family caregivers found value in the tablets and showed improvements in some aspects of well-being. Randomized trials are needed to more fully assess the benefits of the intervention. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Pairing tablets with caregiving supports is a promising intervention to improve caregivers' access to vital resources and services and to improve their well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia T Nguyen
- Product Management, iN2L, Greenwood Village, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Sam Fazio
- Care & Support, Alzheimer's Association, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Gizem Hülür
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Rio Tate
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Kasia Sherwin
- Care & Support, Alzheimer's Association, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Julie Shatzer
- Care & Support, Alzheimer's Association, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lindsay J Peterson
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - William E Haley
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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8
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Danby A, Benson T, Garip G. 'Turbulence even in a bubble': a reflexive thematic analysis with family caregivers of people with dementia in the United Kingdom during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychol Health 2023:1-26. [PMID: 38054849 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2023.2289460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to understand how family caregivers of people with dementia managed changes caused by COVID-19 restrictions and how they adjusted to the lifting of restrictions. A particular focus of the study was on understanding the impact of social isolation, a reduction of social interactions, and reduced access to healthcare services. METHODS AND MEASURES Fourteen voluntary caregivers (nine women) were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule. RESULTS Five themes were identified based on reflexive thematic analysis: (i) Outlets to cope with lockdown; (ii) 'Not all doom and gloom': A silver lining amid COVID-19; (iii) Optimism helps provide resilience; (iv) The challenges and joys of reopening; and (v) Caregiving toward a new normality. CONCLUSION The research highlighted difficulties reported by family caregivers and people with dementia during COVID-19, while also showing how such carers coped. Interviews also identified ways that family caregivers often used optimism to help navigate through lockdown and to tackle the reopening stage. Family caregivers in this study reported coping well overall, but welcomed the lifting of restrictions.
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Leng M, Sun Y, Li C, Han S, Wang Z. Usability Evaluation of a Knowledge Graph-Based Dementia Care Intelligent Recommender System: Mixed Methods Study. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e45788. [PMID: 37751241 PMCID: PMC10565620 DOI: 10.2196/45788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge graph-based recommender systems offer the possibility of meeting the personalized needs of people with dementia and their caregivers. However, the usability of such a recommender system remains unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the usability of a knowledge graph-based dementia care intelligent recommender system (DCIRS). METHODS We used a convergent mixed methods design to conduct the usability evaluation, including the collection of quantitative and qualitative data. Participants were recruited through social media advertisements. After 2 weeks of DCIRS use, feedback was collected with the Computer System Usability Questionnaire and semistructured interviews. Descriptive statistics were used to describe sociodemographic characteristics and questionnaire scores. Qualitative data were analyzed systematically using inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS A total of 56 caregivers were recruited. Quantitative data suggested that the DCIRS was easy for caregivers to use, and the mean questionnaire score was 2.14. Qualitative data showed that caregivers generally believed that the content of the DCIRS was professional, easy to understand, and instructive, and could meet users' personalized needs; they were willing to continue to use it. However, the DCIRS also had some shortcomings. Functions that enable interactions between professionals and caregivers and that provide caregiver support and resource recommendations might be added to improve the system's usability. CONCLUSIONS The recommender system provides a solution to meet the personalized needs of people with dementia and their caregivers and has the potential to substantially improve health outcomes. The next step will be to optimize and update the recommender system based on caregivers' suggestions and evaluate the effect of the application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Leng
- Department of Nursing, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Sun
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ce Li
- Department of Cardiac Adult Postoperative Surgical Recovery Room, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyu Han
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
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10
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Choi MJ, Seo HJ, Choo IH, Kim JL, Park JM. Association between the COVID-19 pandemic, caregiving burden, and quality of life of caregivers of people with dementia: A cross-sectional study. Nurs Health Sci 2023; 25:402-410. [PMID: 37519187 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.13038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the association of COVID-19-related stress, anxiety, access to public healthcare services, and the presence of secondary caregivers (CGs) on the burden of caregiving and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for CGs of people with dementia (PwD). A cross-sectional survey with 218 family CGs for PwD was completed in various settings between August and September 2021. The CGs had moderate and severe stress (42.7%) and reported having difficulty accessing public healthcare services (51.8%) and receiving help from secondary CGs (42.7%). In the multivariable linear regression, the stress and anxiety levels related to COVID-19 had a positive association with caregiver burden (β = 4.25, p < 0.001, and β = 5.73, p = 0.032, respectively), with no statistically significant association to HRQoL. Unexpectedly, accessing public healthcare services and supporting the secondary CGs were unrelated to the caregiving burden and HRQoL. Therefore, interventions aiming to alleviate family CGs' stress and anxiety levels should be provided to ensure PwD live in their homes in terms of continuity of public health service delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jung Choi
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Seo
- College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Han Choo
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Chosun University and Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jeong Lan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry. College of Medicine, Chungnam National University and Chungnam National University Hospital, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Min Park
- Department of Nursing Science, Nambu University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Hung L, Hu G, Wong J, Ren H, Ahmed N, Hussein A, Young E, Berndt A, Mann J, Corepal R, Wong L. Telepresence Robots in Long-Term Care Settings in British Columbia
During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analyzing the Experiences of Residents and Family
Members. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2023; 9:23337214231166208. [PMID: 37033088 PMCID: PMC10076606 DOI: 10.1177/23337214231166208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Telepresence robots are being increasingly used in long-term care (LTC) homes for
virtual visits between families and residents. This study investigated the
impacts and experiences of residents and their families using a telepresence
robot (Double 3) for 4 to 12 months during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 51
participants were recruited through purposive sampling, including 9 residents,
15 family members, and 27 staff from 4 LTC homes in British Columbia, Canada.
Conversational interviews were conducted with residents and family members.
Focus groups and one-to-one interviews were held with frontline staff. Thematic
analysis was performed, with five themes identified: (1) Stay connected, (2)
Regain autonomy, (3) Relieve caregiver burden, (4) Environmental and technical
issues, and (5) Scheduling concerns. In conclusion, telepresence robots helped
maintain social connections between residents and families, despite the COVID-19
restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Hung
- University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
- Lillian Hung, Innovation in Dementia and
Aging Lab, Department of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201-2211
Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada.
| | - Grace Hu
- University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
| | - Joey Wong
- University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
| | - Haopu Ren
- University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nazia Ahmed
- University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ali Hussein
- University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
| | - Erika Young
- University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Jim Mann
- University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
| | - Rekesh Corepal
- Alzheimer Society of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
| | - Lily Wong
- University of British Columbia,
Vancouver, Canada
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Neumann E, Ballmer L, Studhalter O, Schmid N, Jung HH. Dementia During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences From Clinicians, Patients, and Caregivers in Switzerland. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2023; 9:23337214231164911. [PMID: 37013164 PMCID: PMC10064187 DOI: 10.1177/23337214231164911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the Swiss health care system, affecting especially vulnerable people, such as patients suffering from dementia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the challenges experienced by dementia patients, their carers, and clinicians during the pandemic in Switzerland. Methods: An online survey was sent to all memory clinics in the German speaking part of Switzerland. Patients diagnosed with dementia and their carers were recruited for semi-structured telephone interviews at the memory clinic of the University Hospital Zurich. Results: A total of 28 clinicians, 17 carers, and seven patients participated in this study. According to the clinicians, all aspects of clinical work were affected by the pandemic. Carers did not perceive a significant role of the pandemic in the disease progression of the patients, despite many challenges faced. Patients described a high level of conscientiousness during the pandemic. Recommendations for future scenarios were provided from all groups. Conclusion: In order to increase the systemic resilience of the Swiss health care system, it is important to consider the experiences and recommendations of vulnerable groups and health care professionals for future public health measures and policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Neumann
- University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Eileen Neumann, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, Zurich 8091, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | - Hans H. Jung
- University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
- University of Zurich, Switzerland
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Damian AC, Ciobanu AM, Anghele C, Papacocea IR, Manea MC, Iliuță FP, Ciobanu CA, Papacocea Ș. Caregiving for Dementia Patients during the Coronavirus Pandemic. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072616. [PMID: 37048700 PMCID: PMC10095033 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus pandemic has had a global impact on both mental and physical health. Caregiving has become more difficult during this time due to the quick spread of this respiratory disease, dread of the unknown, congested hospitals, and many restrictions, particularly for people with multiple comorbidities. We aimed to assess the impact of this pandemic on a group of caregivers of patients with dementia and their needs during this time. The study’s findings indicate that females assumed the role of the caregiver more often than men (88.5% of the participants) and scored lower on the life quality scale. The most often issue encountered during the pandemic was difficulty in accessing health care facilities (36%). Participants with a higher education level scored better in the physical (24.67, p = 0.01 and 24.48, p = 0.01) and mental health (20.67, p = 0.002; 19,82, p = 0.008) domains of the life quality test. The fear of COVID questionnaire showed a low level of concern in the category of participants with a high education level. Overall, this pandemic emphasizes the importance of social interaction and the possibilities to improve health care services through telemedicine. Caregivers could benefit from socialization and support programs as well as the early detection of affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Claudia Damian
- Neuroscience Department, Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adela Magdalena Ciobanu
- Neuroscience Department, Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Anghele
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.A.); (C.A.C.)
| | - Ioana Raluca Papacocea
- Discipline of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihnea Costin Manea
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Floris Petru Iliuță
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Alexandru Ciobanu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 040441 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.A.); (C.A.C.)
| | - Șerban Papacocea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
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14
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Wei G, Piguet O, Kumfor F. A Psychosocial Intervention for Carers of Individuals Diagnosed with Dementia in Social Isolation. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra 2023; 13:48-56. [PMID: 38098956 PMCID: PMC10721235 DOI: 10.1159/000535207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Growing research has shown the negative impact of social isolation on the health and psychological well-being of individuals with dementia and their carers. This study investigated the effectiveness of a psychosocial intervention for dementia carers during a lockdown period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Twenty-three family carers of individuals diagnosed with dementia living in the community were recruited and provided with an online psychoeducation toolkit that aims to improve health literacy, management of social and behavioural symptoms in dementia, carer social engagement, and coping skills. Carers were divided into "mild" or "moderate" groups based on the disease severity of the person with dementia they cared for. Outcome measures including distress and severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms, carer self-efficacy and burden, social network, and feelings of loneliness were assessed at baseline and 2 weeks later. Results Carers in the moderate group reported higher levels of distress (p = 0.001) and severity (p < 0.001) of neuropsychiatric symptoms and greater carer burden (p = 0.003) than carers in the mild group. Following the intervention, both groups reported increased social networks (p = 0.001). In addition, carers in the moderate group reported significantly reduced distress for neuropsychiatric symptoms (p = 0.013), enhanced carer self-efficacy for controlling upsetting thoughts (p = 0.040), and decreased loneliness (p = 0.023). Conclusions This study demonstrated that psychosocial interventions improve outcomes for carers of individuals with dementia, particularly those caring for individuals with greater disease severity. Findings from this study will inform the development of support services that meet the evolving needs of individuals with dementia and their carers in social isolation, during and in a post-pandemic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Wei
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Olivier Piguet
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fiona Kumfor
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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15
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Lane NE, Hoben M, Amuah JE, Hogan DB, Baumbusch J, Gruneir A, Chamberlain SA, Griffith LE, McGrail KM, Corbett K, Maxwell CJ. Prevalence and correlates of anxiety and depression in caregivers to assisted living residents during COVID-19: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:662. [PMID: 35962356 PMCID: PMC9372518 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03294-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family and friend caregivers play significant roles in advocating for and ensuring quality health and social care of residents in Assisted Living (AL) homes. However, little is known about how the COVID-19 pandemic and related visitor restrictions affected their health and mental well-being. We examined the prevalence and correlates of anxiety and depressive symptoms among caregivers of AL residents during the initial wave of COVID-19 in two Canadian provinces. METHODS A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted among family/friend caregivers of AL residents in Alberta and British Columbia (Oct 28, 2020-Mar 31, 2021) to collect data on their sociodemographic, health and caregiving characteristics, as well as concerns about residents' health and social care before and during the first wave of the pandemic. A clinically significant anxiety disorder and depressive symptoms were assessed with the GAD-7 and CES-D10 instruments, respectively. Separate multivariable (modified) Poisson regression models identified caregiver correlates of each mental health condition. RESULTS Among the 673 caregivers completing the survey (81% for Alberta residents), most were women (77%), white (90%) and aged ≥ 55 years (81%). Clinically significant anxiety and depression were present in 28.6% and 38.8% of caregivers respectively. Both personal stressors (comorbidity level, income reduction, low social support) and caregiving stressors exacerbated by the pandemic were independently associated with caregiver anxiety and depression. The latter included increased concern about the care recipients' depression (adjusted risk ratio [adjRR] = 1.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19-2.85 for caregiver anxiety and adjRR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.26-2.44 for caregiver depressive symptoms) and reported intention to withdraw the resident from AL because of COVID-19 (adjRR = 1.24, 95%CI 0.95-1.63 for caregiver anxiety and adjRR = 1.37, 95%CI 1.13-1.67 for caregiver depressive symptoms). CONCLUSIONS Caregivers of residents in AL homes reported significant personal and caregiving-related stressors during the initial wave of COVID-19 that were independently associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing clinically significant anxiety and depressive symptoms. Healthcare providers and AL staff should be aware of the prevalence and varied correlates of caregivers' mental health during public health crises so that appropriate screening and support may identified and implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha E Lane
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Matthias Hoben
- Faculty of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Joseph E Amuah
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - David B Hogan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer Baumbusch
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Andrea Gruneir
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Stephanie A Chamberlain
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Lauren E Griffith
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kimberlyn M McGrail
- School of Population and Public Health, Centre for Health Services and Policy Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kyle Corbett
- Faculty of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Colleen J Maxwell
- ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, Canada.
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
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16
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Anderson S, Parmar J, L’Heureux T, Dobbs B, Charles L, Tian PGJ. Family Caregiving during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Canada: A Mediation Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:8636. [PMID: 35886490 PMCID: PMC9317413 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Family caregiving is a public health issue because of caregivers' significant contribution to the health and social care systems, as well as the substantial impact that giving and receiving care has on the health and quality of life of care receivers and caregivers. While there have been many studies that associate caregivers' care work, financial difficulty, navigation, and other caregiving factors with family caregivers' psychological distress, we were interested not only in the factors related to family caregiver anxiety but also in hypothesizing how those effects occur. In this study, we used Andrew Hayes' PROCESS moderation analysis to explore the link between caregiver frailty, weekly care hours, and perceptions of financial difficulty, social support, and anxiety. In this analysis, we included 474 caregivers with relatively complete data on all of the variables. In regression analysis after controlling for gender and age, social loneliness (β = 0.245), frailty (β = 0.199), financial difficulty (β = 0.196), care time (β = 0.143), and navigation confidence (β = 0.131) were all significant. We then used PROCESS Model 6 to determine the significance of the direct, indirect, and total effects through the serial mediation model. The model pathway from frailty to care time to financial difficulty to social loneliness to anxiety was significant. The proportions of family caregivers who were moderately frail, anxious, and experiencing social loneliness after eighteen months of the COVID-19 pandemic found in this survey should be of concern to policymakers and healthcare providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Anderson
- Division of Care of the Elderly, Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T5G 2T4, Canada; (J.P.); (T.L.); (B.D.); (L.C.); (P.G.J.T.)
| | - Jasneet Parmar
- Division of Care of the Elderly, Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T5G 2T4, Canada; (J.P.); (T.L.); (B.D.); (L.C.); (P.G.J.T.)
- Medically At-Risk Driver Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T5G 2T4, Canada
| | - Tanya L’Heureux
- Division of Care of the Elderly, Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T5G 2T4, Canada; (J.P.); (T.L.); (B.D.); (L.C.); (P.G.J.T.)
| | - Bonnie Dobbs
- Division of Care of the Elderly, Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T5G 2T4, Canada; (J.P.); (T.L.); (B.D.); (L.C.); (P.G.J.T.)
- Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB T5G 0B7, Canada
| | - Lesley Charles
- Division of Care of the Elderly, Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T5G 2T4, Canada; (J.P.); (T.L.); (B.D.); (L.C.); (P.G.J.T.)
- Medically At-Risk Driver Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T5G 2T4, Canada
- Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB T5G 0B7, Canada
| | - Peter George J. Tian
- Division of Care of the Elderly, Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T5G 2T4, Canada; (J.P.); (T.L.); (B.D.); (L.C.); (P.G.J.T.)
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Nakanishi M, Nakashima T, Miyamoto Y, Yamasaki S, Nishida A. Family caregivers' concerns about advance care planning for home-dwelling people with dementia: a cross-sectional observational study in Japan. BMC Palliat Care 2022; 21:114. [PMID: 35754050 PMCID: PMC9235165 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-022-01008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The importance of advance care planning for people with dementia has increased during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. However, family caregivers may have concerns about having conversations regarding advance care planning with their loved ones, which may hinder the initiation of such planning. This study investigated family caregivers’ concerns regarding conducting advance care planning for home-dwelling individuals with dementia. Methods A prospective cross-sectional study compared the level of family-caregiver concern between those who had initiated advance care planning and those who did not. In June 2021, an internet-based questionnaire survey was administered to Japan-based family caregivers of persons with dementia. Registered members of a Japan-based survey company were recruited; inclusion criteria were being aged 40 years or older and having been a primary, non-professional caregiver of a family member with dementia. Respondents rated their level of agreement with six statements regarding advance-care-planning-related concerns. Respondents also reported their psychological well-being using the WHO-5 Well-Being Index. Results Overall, 379 family caregivers participated in this survey. Of these, 155 (40.9%) reported that their loved ones had initiated advance care planning, of whom 88 (56.8%) stated that care professionals were involved in the advance-care-planning conversations. The level of family-caregiver concern was significantly lower when the loved one initiated the conversation concerning advance care planning. After adjusting for the characteristics of persons with dementia and their caregivers, family caregivers with lower psychological well-being showed significantly higher levels of concern. Conclusions Family caregivers reported concerns regarding conducting advance care planning. There is a need for educational and clinical strategies that encourage professionals to address the psychological needs of family caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miharu Nakanishi
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan. .,Research Center for Social Science & Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Taeko Nakashima
- Department of Social Healthcare and Business, Nihon Fukushi University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuki Miyamoto
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Syudo Yamasaki
- Research Center for Social Science & Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nishida
- Research Center for Social Science & Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Bacsu JDR, O'Connell ME, Cammer A, Ahmadi S, Berger C, Azizi M, Gowda-Sookochoff R, Grewal KS, Green S, Knight S, Spiteri RJ. Examining the Impact of COVID-19 on People With Dementia From the Perspective of Family and Friends: Thematic Analysis of Tweets. JMIR Aging 2022; 5:e38363. [PMID: 35667087 PMCID: PMC9239564 DOI: 10.2196/38363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic is taking a serious toll on people with dementia. Given the rapidly evolving COVID-19 context, policymakers and practitioners require timely, evidence-informed research to address the changing needs and challenges of people with dementia and their family care partners. OBJECTIVE Using Twitter data, the objective of this study was to examine the COVID-19 impact on people with dementia from the perspective of their family members and friends. METHODS Using the Twint application in Python, we collected 6243 relevant tweets over a 15-month time frame. The tweets were divided among 11 coders and analyzed using a 6-step thematic analysis process. RESULTS Based on our analysis, 3 main themes were identified: (1) frustration and structural inequities (eg, denied dignity and inadequate supports), (2) despair due to loss (eg, isolation, decline, and death), and (3) resiliency, survival, and hope for the future. CONCLUSIONS As the COVID-19 pandemic persists and new variants emerge, people with dementia and their family care partners are facing complex challenges that require timely interventions. More specifically, tackling COVID-19 challenges requires revisiting pandemic policies and protocols to ensure equitable access to health and support services, recognizing the essential role of family care partners, and providing financial assistance and resources to help support people with dementia in the pandemic. Revaluating COVID-19 policies is critical to mitigating the pandemic's impact on people with dementia and their family care partners.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan E O'Connell
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Allison Cammer
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Soheila Ahmadi
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Corinne Berger
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Mehrnoosh Azizi
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | | | - Karl S Grewal
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Shoshana Green
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Sheida Knight
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Raymond J Spiteri
- Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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19
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The Effect of a Tele-Health Intervention Program on Home-Dwelling Persons with Dementia or MCI and on Their Primary Caregivers during the Stay-at-Home-Order Period in the COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak: Evidence from Taiwan. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10060969. [PMID: 35742021 PMCID: PMC9222236 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10060969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The Taiwanese government implemented a stay-at-home order that restricted all community-based health promotion activities for the elderly by shutting down all community care centers from May 2021 to August 2021 to control the spread of COVID-19. Community-based dementia care centers were barely able to provide dementia care services during that period. Methods: The data used in this study were collected from a community-based dementia care center that was able to continue their dementia care services through a Tele-Health intervention program. The difference-in-differences methodology was applied to evaluate the effects of the Tele-Health intervention program on home-dwelling persons with dementia or mild cognitive impairment and on their primary caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The Tele-Health intervention program significantly increased the well-being of the participants and their primary caregivers, but the negative correlations between the Tele-Health intervention program and family functioning were also found to be significant. Conclusions: The significant substitution (negative) effects between the Tele-Health intervention program and family functioning raises the concern that promotion of the Tele-Health intervention program comes at the potential cost of a loss of family functioning. Policymakers should be cautious when considering the Tele-Health intervention program in response to pandemics and demographic transitions.
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