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Snellman S, Hörnsten C, Olofsson B, Gustafson Y, Lövheim H, Niklasson J. Validity and test-retest reliability of the Swedish version of the Geriatric Depression Scale among very old adults. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:261. [PMID: 38500031 PMCID: PMC10946128 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04869-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) has shown good validity and reliability, but few studies have examined the GDS among very old adults or the Swedish translation. OBJECTIVES Evaluate the validity and reliability of the Swedish version of GDS-15 among very old adults. METHODS In the Umeå85 + /GErontological Regional DAtabase (GERDA) study, 387 participants were assessed with both the GDS-15 and the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). The mean age was 91 years. Concurrent validity between the scales was calculated using Spearman's correlation. We used the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) V symptom criteria for depression based on MADRS item scores to define depression. We calculated the Area Under the Curve (AUC) and found an optimal cut-off. A convenience sample with 60 individuals was used to calculate test-retest reliability with Cohen's kappa and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). RESULTS Spearman's correlation coefficients between total scores for GDS-15 and MADRS were 0.60. Cronbach's alpha for the whole scale was 0.73. The AUC was 0.90 for distinguishing major depression, and the recommended cut-off of ≥ 5 showed a sensitivity of 95.2% and specificity of 65.8%. The test-retest showed that Cohen's kappa was substantial (0.71) and the ICC was excellent (0.95). CONCLUSIONS The Swedish version of the GDS-15 showed good validity and reliability among very old adults. The generally recommended cut-off of ≥ 5 seems reasonable to use with the Swedish version and among very old adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Snellman
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine, Sunderby Research Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 87, Sweden
| | - Carl Hörnsten
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Olofsson
- Department of Nursing, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Diagnostics and Intervention, Orthopedics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Yngve Gustafson
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Hugo Lövheim
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Johan Niklasson
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine, Sunderby Research Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, 901 87, Sweden.
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Alam MM, Das R, Clara AA, Mohsin FM, Rumi MAH, Wahab A, Hasan MA, Hawlader MDH. The assessment of geriatric malnutrition, geriatric depression and associated co-morbidities among forcibly displaced Myanmar nationals in Bangladesh. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:2048-2055. [PMID: 37529859 PMCID: PMC10564601 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023001556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the nutritional status and depression of the elderly forcibly displaced Myanmar nationals (FDMN) in Bangladesh and determine the associated factors of geriatric depression (GD). DESIGN This was a community-based, cross-sectional study among elderly FDMN. The Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA@-SF) and Geriatric Depression Scale Short-Form (GDS-15 SF) were used to determine malnutrition and GD, respectively. SETTING The study was conducted between November 2021 and March 2022 in Kutupalong Refugee Camp, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. PARTICIPANTS The study participants were elderly FDMN aged ≥ 60 years (n 430). RESULTS The mean age and BMI were 71·7(±7·8) years and 21·94(±2·6) kg/m2, respectively. There was a high prevalence of self-reported diabetes mellitus (32·1 %), hypertension (26·7 %), hypotension (20 %), skin diseases (28·4 %) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (16·5 %). The prevalence of malnutrition was 25·3 %, and another 29·1 % were at risk. The prevalence of GD was 57·9 %, and co-occurrences of GD and malnutrition were seen in 17·5 % of participants. GD was significantly higher among elderly people with malnutrition (adjusted OR, AOR = 1·71, 95 % CI: 1·01, 2·89). FDMN aged ≥ 80 years were at higher risk of GD (AOR = 1·84, 95 % CI: 1·01, 3·37), and having fewer than five members in the household was an independent predictor of GD. Diabetes mellitus (AOR = 1·95, 95 % CI: 1·24, 3·08) and hypotension (AOR = 2·17, 95 % CI: 1·25, 2·78) were also significantly associated with an increased risk of GD. CONCLUSION A high prevalence of GD and malnutrition was observed among elderly FDMN in Bangladesh. The agencies working in Cox's Bazar should focus on geriatric malnutrition and GD for the improvement of the health situation of FDMN in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Morshad Alam
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka1213, Bangladesh
- Health Nutrition and Population Global Practice, The World Bank, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rajib Das
- International Organization for Migration, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Afrin Ahmed Clara
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka1213, Bangladesh
| | - Faroque Md Mohsin
- Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Abrar Wahab
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka1213, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abeed Hasan
- International Organization for Migration, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Li Y, Pan Y, Ding X, Aierken A, Jiang W. The effect of training medical students in the community area in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic in China: a community-based study. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 23:517. [PMID: 37464393 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04509-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community practice training is an important part of education in medicine, public health, social medicine, and other disciplines. The objective of this study is to explore the effect and importance of the community practice of Master of Public Health graduates on community residents' health during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic. METHODS This study used a pretest-posttest design. A total of 152 participants with age ≥ 60 years were selected using a multistage sampling method from Hangzhou in China. Baseline and endline data were collected using structured questionnaires by face-to-face interviews. All psychological and behavioral measurements were performed using standardized instruments and showed good reliability and validity. A total of 147 participants were included in the analysis. The chi-square and rank sum tests were used to compare the difference between baseline and endline for categorical variables. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between community practice training and changes in psychology and behavior. RESULTS The result of chi-square test revealed a statistically significant difference in participants' eating habits from baseline to endline. Participants reported that the self-perceived health status was different between endline and baseline by the rank sum test. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that community practice training was significantly associated with increased self-efficacy scores, cognitive function and eating habits, with odd ratios of 1.08, 0.90 and 1.93, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Community practice training was associated with changes in health behavior and psychology of community residents. Our results suggested enhanced community practice training for students under the Master of Public Health program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - YiYang Pan
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - XiWen Ding
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ayizuhere Aierken
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China.
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Guo Y, Liu S, Zhou F, Hu Z, Li S, Xu H. Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Nursing Home Adjustment Scale (C-NHAS) in Central China: Classical test theory and item response theory. Geriatr Nurs 2023; 51:102-111. [PMID: 36921393 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Evidence for the nursing home adjustment scale (NHAS)' s applicability in less developed regions of China is still absent. Besides, there is a need to provide further validity evidence for the NHAS using modern test theory. This study aims to investigate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the NHAS (C-NHAS) in a sample of nursing home residents in central China. A total of 761 older adults who lived in 21 nursing homes in Hunan Province, China, were investigated from July 2021 to December 2021. The C-NHAS yielded a four-factor structure and showed good reliability and validity. The difficulty of items matched most individuals' ability, while a small number of individuals with low ability had no items for matching. The results indicated the C-NHAS is a reliable and valid instrument while the high difficulty may restrict the performance of the C-NHAS among the less educated older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicong Guo
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siyue Liu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feixiang Zhou
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhao Hu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shaojie Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huilan Xu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Sun Z, Ping P, Zhang P, Yao Y, Huang Z, Zhao Y, Luo L, Fu S. Associations between cardiac structure and function and depressive disorder: A centenarian study in China. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13233. [PMID: 36846711 PMCID: PMC9947253 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Depressive disorder is a common comorbidity in patients with cardiovascular diseases and is associated with increased hospitalization and death rates. The relationships between cardiac structure and function and depressive disorder remains unclear in the older adults, especially in centenarians. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the possible associations between cardiac structure and function and depressive disorder among centenarians. Methods In the China Hainan Centenarian Cohort Study, the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale scores and echocardiography were used to evaluate depressive disorder and cardiac structure and function, respectively. All information, including epidemiological questionnaires, physical examinations, and blood tests, was obtained following standardized procedures. Results A total of 682 centenarians were enrolled in the study (mean age: 102.35 ± 2.72 years). The prevalence of depressive disorder in centenarians is 26.2% (179 older adults), of whom 81.2% (554 older adults) are women. Centenarians with depressive disorder have significantly higher left ventricular ejection fraction (60.02 ± 3.10) and interventricular septum thickness (9.79 ± 1.54). Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis detected positive associations of left ventricular ejection fraction (Bets: 0.093) and interventricular septum thickness (Bets: 0.440) with Geriatric Depression Scale scores. Both left ventricular ejection fraction (odds ratio: 1.081) and interventricular septum thickness (odds ratio: 1.274) were independently associated with depressive disorder in multiple logistic regression analysis (P < 0.05, all). Conclusions The prevalence of depressive disorder remains very high, and associations were found between left ventricular ejection fraction, interventricular septum thickness, and depressive disorder in Chinese centenarians. Future studies should focus on their temporal relationships to improve cardiac structure and function, prevent depressive disorder, and achieve healthy aging by coordinating their relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigao Sun
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, China
| | - Ping Ping
- General Station for Drug and Instrument Supervision and Control, Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and Geriatrics Division, Medical School of Duke University, North Carolina, USA,Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenjun Huang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Yali Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Leiming Luo
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Shihui Fu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China,Department of Cardiology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Sanya, China,Corresponding author. Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Sangari M, Dehkordi PS, Shams A. Age and attentional focus instructions effects on postural and supra-postural tasks among older adults with mild cognitive impairments. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:6795-6801. [PMID: 36036296 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-06355-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the age and attentional focus instruction effects on the postural and supra-postural tasks among older adults with mild cognitive impairments. METHOD Forty healthy adults (mean age of 48.01 ± 5.45 years) and 40 older adults with mild cognitive impairments (mean age of 69.87 ± 4.28 years) were selected as participants. They were randomly divided into eight groups receiving internal and external attentional focus instructions for postural and supra-postural tasks. The postural status was evaluated by measuring the COP sway velocity with the Master Balance System. RESULTS The results showed that in both phases of acquisition and retention, the main effect of the attentional focus type was significant (P < 0.05). The group's postural control with external attentional instructions was better than the group's postural control with internal attentional instructions. Furthermore, the CI elderly gained benefit from the guidelines of attentional focus. Results showed that the task type was not significant in the acquisition phase. However, in the retention phase, the main effect of the attentional focus type was significant. The groups' postural function with the supra-postural task was better than the groups with the postural task. Furthermore, the older adults showed a better postural function in the supra-postural task than in the postural task. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that the ability to allocate resources of attention may decrease with CI. These findings suggest that considering the effect of the supra-postural tasks' manipulation on postural control, it is possible to improve balance by designing training programs for directing supra-postural tasks. The findings of the present study can be a guide for educators and therapists. They can increase the balance of the patients by considering the dysfunction and the type of attentional guidelines to prevent them from falling and performing a dual task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandana Sangari
- Department of Physical Education, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mazandaran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Shams
- Department of Motor Behavior, Sport Science Research Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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