1
|
Crepin DM, Chavignon M, Verhoeven PO, Laurent F, Josse J, Butin M. Staphylococcus capitis: insights into epidemiology, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance of a clinically relevant bacterial species. Clin Microbiol Rev 2024; 37:e0011823. [PMID: 38899876 PMCID: PMC11391707 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00118-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYStaphylococcus capitis is divided into two subspecies, S. capitis subsp. ureolyticus (renamed urealyticus in 1992; ATCC 49326) and S. capitis subsp. capitis (ATCC 27840), and fits with the archetype of clinically relevant coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). S. capitis is a commensal bacterium of the skin in humans, which must be considered an opportunistic pathogen of interest particularly as soon as it is identified in a clinically relevant specimen from an immunocompromised patient. Several studies have highlighted the potential determinants underlying S. capitis pathogenicity, resistance profiles, and virulence factors. In addition, mobile genetic element acquisitions and mutations contribute to S. capitis genome adaptation to its environment. Over the past decades, antibiotic resistance has been identified for S. capitis in almost all the families of the currently available antibiotics and is related to the emergence of multidrug-resistant clones of high clinical significance. The present review summarizes the current knowledge concerning the taxonomic position of S. capitis among staphylococci, the involvement of this species in human colonization and diseases, the virulence factors supporting its pathogenicity, and the phenotypic and genomic antimicrobial resistance profiles of this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah M Crepin
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Staphylococcal pathogenesis team, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Marie Chavignon
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Staphylococcal pathogenesis team, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Paul O Verhoeven
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, GIMAP Team, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Jean Monnet, St-Etienne, France
- Service des agents infectieux et d'hygiène, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de St-Etienne, St-Etienne, France
| | - Frédéric Laurent
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Staphylococcal pathogenesis team, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jérôme Josse
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Staphylococcal pathogenesis team, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Marine Butin
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Staphylococcal pathogenesis team, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Service de Néonatologie et Réanimation Néonatale, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou W, Niu D, Gao S, Zhong Q, Liu C, Liao X, Cao X, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Shen H. Prevalence, biofilm formation, and mass spectrometric characterization of linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus capitis isolated from a tertiary hospital in China. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2023; 33:155-163. [PMID: 36724854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus capitis (LRSC) has become a new challenge for clinical anti-infective therapy. The present study aimed to investigate the trends of LRSC prevalence in a tertiary hospital of China 2017-2020. The resistance mechanisms, virulence genes, biofilm formation, and mass spectrometric characteristics of LRSC isolates were also analysed. METHODS This study retrospectively analysed the antibiotic resistance trends of coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) isolated from clinical samples collected between 2017-2020. Antimicrobial resistance profiles were tested by micro-broth dilution and the E-test method. Antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction, and dru-typing sequences were obtained by Sanger sequencing. Crystal violet staining in 96-well plates was used to detect biofilm formation ability. Mass spectrometric characterization of LRSC was analysed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) coupled with ClinProTools. RESULTS The linezolid resistance rate in 3575 CoNS clinical strains was 1.6%, wherein the great majority of was LRSC (91.1%, n = 51/56), with a resistant rate of 15.5% (n = 51/328) in all S. capitis isolates. In this study, 48 out of the 51 LRSC strains and 54 of 277 linezolid-susceptible S. capitis (LSSC) strains were enrolled. G2576T, C2104T, T2130A, C2163T, and T2319C mutations in the 23S rRNA V region and acquisition of cfr were the main linezolid resistant mechanisms in LRSC. The biofilm-forming ability of LRSC was more potent than LSSC, with a higher detection rate of bap (P < 0.05). Eleven mass spectrometric peaks of interest were identified by using MALDI-TOF MS and ClinProTools, which were differently distributed between LRSC and LSSC strains, with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of more than 0.8, especially for 5465.37 m/z. CONCLUSIONS Linezolid resistance was mediated by mutations in the 23S rRNA V region and presence of the cfr gene in LRSC strains. LRSC strains have stronger biofilm-forming ability than LSSC strains, which maybe associated with the adhesion-related gene of bap. Further, linezolid-resistant and linezolid-susceptible S. capitis could be rapidly identified with mass spectrometric characterization. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to document the biofilm formation ability of LRSC and the potential usefulness of MALDI-TOF MS for the discrimination of LRSC and LSSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanqing Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongmei Niu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiao Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiwei Liao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoli Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Han Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Heath V, Cloutman-Green E, Watkin S, Karlikowska M, Ready D, Hatcher J, Pearce-Smith N, Brown C, Demirjian A. Staphylococcus capitis: Review of Its Role in Infections and Outbreaks. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12040669. [PMID: 37107031 PMCID: PMC10135222 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12040669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In June 2021, a national incident team was formed due to an increased detection of Staphylococcus capitis in samples from hospitalised infants. Staphylococcus capitis has been known to cause outbreaks in neonatal units across the globe, but the extent of the UK spread was unclear. A literature review was undertaken to support case identification, clinical management and environmental infection control. A literature search was undertaken on multiple databases from inception to 24 May 2021, using keywords such as “Staphylococcus capitis”, “NRCS-A”, “S. capitis”, “neonate”, “newborn” and “neonatal intensive care unit” (NICU). After screening, 223 articles of relevance were included. Results show incidences of S. capitis outbreaks have frequently been associated with the outbreak clone (NRCS-A) and environmental sources. The NRCS-A harbours a multidrug resistance profile that includes resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and aminoglycosides, with several papers noting resistance or heteroresistance to vancomycin. The NRCS-A clone also harbours a novel SCCmec-SCCcad/ars/cop composite island and increased vancomycin resistance. The S. capitis NRCS-A clone has been detected for decades, but the reasons for the potentially increased frequency are unclear, as are the most effective interventions to manage outbreaks associated with this clone. This supports the need for improvements in environmental control and decontamination strategies to prevent transmission.
Collapse
|
4
|
Shen W, Chen J, Zhang R, Cai J. An 11-year linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus capitis clone dissemination with a similar cfr-carrying plasmid in China. iScience 2022; 25:105644. [PMID: 36465119 PMCID: PMC9712682 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Linezolid resistance has represented a global concern with its wide dissemination among nosocomial pathogens in recent years. One hundred and two linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus capitis (LRSC) were constantly isolated from 2011 to 2021, which demonstrated single clonal dissemination in a Chinese tertiary hospital. A structurally similar cfr-carrying plasmid was identified among 90 isolates. A chromosomal cfr was located beside a Tn4001-like transposon and ISEnfa4 in one strain (LR95). The loss of cfr-carrying plasmid was observed in 11 isolates and the in vitro passage experiments. Conjugation experiments demonstrated the horizontal transferability of the cfr-carrying plasmid into Staphylococcus aureus RN4220. Both cfr-positive LRSC and S. aureus showed no significant differences in growth rates, while only the former displayed competition defect, suggesting this plasmid imposed a certain fitness cost on LRSC. Hence, ongoing measurements are supposed to be adopted to control the spread of these antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Shen
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jiachang Cai
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Khodabux RMJ, Mariappan S, Sekar U. Detection of a Novel G2603T Mutation in cfr Harboring Linezolid-Resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus: First Report from India. J Lab Physicians 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background Staphylococcus haemolyticus has emerged as an important multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogen. Linezolid is useful in the treatment of severe infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococci. Resistance to linezolid in Staphylococci is due to one or more of the following mechanisms: acquisition of the cfr (chloramphenicol florfenicol resistance) gene, mutation in the central loop of domain V of the 23S rRNA, and mutation in the rplC and rplD genes. This study was carried out to detect and characterize resistance to linezolid among the clinical isolates of Staphylococcus haemolyticus.
Materials and Methods The study included 84 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus haemolyticus. Susceptibility to various antibiotics was determined by disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by agar dilution method for linezolid. Methicillin resistance was screened using oxacillin and cefoxitin disc. Polymerase chain reaction was done to detect mecA, cfr and mutations in the V domain of the 23S rRNA gene.
Results Resistance to linezolid was exhibited by 3 of the 84 study isolates with MIC more than 128 µg/mL. The cfr gene was detected in all the three isolates. The G2603T mutation was observed in the domain V of the 23S rRNA among two isolates, whereas one isolate lacked any mutation.
Conclusion The emergence and spread of linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus isolates carrying G2603T mutation in the domain V of the 23S rRNA and harboring the cfr gene pose a threat in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rhea Michelle J. Khodabux
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanthi Mariappan
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uma Sekar
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (SRIHER), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jiang F, Kong Z, Liu K, Cheng C, Jiang T, Ma P, Li R. Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Linezolid Resistance Coagulase-negative Staphylococci Possessing cfr-Carrying Plasmid. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2022; 28:226-232. [PMID: 35041999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Linezolidine-dependent growth contributed to wide dissemination of Staphylococcus epidermidis throuthout hospitals. This study aimed to characterize 13 linezolid resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) isolates and possibility of dependence on linezolid in China. METHODS Resistance phenotypic and genotypic of thirteen CoNS isolates were investigated by antimicrobial susceptibility testing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Similarity of isolates was estimated by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Characterization of cfr plasmid was carried out by S1 nuclease-PFGE, southern blotting and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Phylogenetic analysis was conducted by constructing a maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree. Growth curve analysis was conducted with and without linezolid to determinate possibility contribution of linezolid dependence to linezolid resistance CoNS isolates dissemination. RESULTS Thirteen CoNS isolates showed linezolid MICs of 8mg/L to >256mg/L and were typed into three PFGE profiles. Southern blotting and WGS indicated that cfr gene was located on a plasmid of 39.5 kb, revealing 99% identity to the sequence of the cfr-harbouring plasmid pSR01, pLRSA417 and pH46-29. The cfr gene was flanked by two copies of an IS256-like element ISEnfa4 family transposase, indicating the transferability of linezolid resistance conferred by the cfr gene. Comparative phylogenetic analysis revealed that S. capitis XZ03 share high similarity with linezolid-resistant S.capitis isolates (17-758, 17-396, 18-857, 15-72 and 15-101) in Huashan Hospital, Shanghai. Thirteen CoNS isolates did not exhibit linezolid-dependent upon exposure from 8mg/L to 32mg/L. CONCLUSIONS The endemic CoNS clone carrying cfr gene in our hospital showed high level of linezolid resistance, which threatened the utilization of linezolid. Linezolidine-dependent growth under linezolid selective pressure was not observed in our study, indicating that it may be not a common phenotype in Staphylococcus spp. at present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China; School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Kong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Xuzhou Administration for Market Regulation, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Jiang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Rongpeng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Schwarz S, Zhang W, Du XD, Krüger H, Feßler AT, Ma S, Zhu Y, Wu C, Shen J, Wang Y. Mobile Oxazolidinone Resistance Genes in Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria. Clin Microbiol Rev 2021; 34:e0018820. [PMID: 34076490 PMCID: PMC8262807 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00188-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven mobile oxazolidinone resistance genes, including cfr, cfr(B), cfr(C), cfr(D), cfr(E), optrA, and poxtA, have been identified to date. The cfr genes code for 23S rRNA methylases, which confer a multiresistance phenotype that includes resistance to phenicols, lincosamides, oxazolidinones, pleuromutilins, and streptogramin A compounds. The optrA and poxtA genes code for ABC-F proteins that protect the bacterial ribosomes from the inhibitory effects of oxazolidinones. The optrA gene confers resistance to oxazolidinones and phenicols, while the poxtA gene confers elevated MICs or resistance to oxazolidinones, phenicols, and tetracycline. These oxazolidinone resistance genes are most frequently found on plasmids, but they are also located on transposons, integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs), genomic islands, and prophages. In these mobile genetic elements (MGEs), insertion sequences (IS) most often flanked the cfr, optrA, and poxtA genes and were able to generate translocatable units (TUs) that comprise the oxazolidinone resistance genes and occasionally also other genes. MGEs and TUs play an important role in the dissemination of oxazolidinone resistance genes across strain, species, and genus boundaries. Most frequently, these MGEs also harbor genes that mediate resistance not only to antimicrobial agents of other classes, but also to metals and biocides. Direct selection pressure by the use of antimicrobial agents to which the oxazolidinone resistance genes confer resistance, but also indirect selection pressure by the use of antimicrobial agents, metals, or biocides (the respective resistance genes against which are colocated on cfr-, optrA-, or poxtA-carrying MGEs) may play a role in the coselection and persistence of oxazolidinone resistance genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schwarz
- Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Centre for Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanjiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Dang Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Henrike Krüger
- Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Centre for Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea T. Feßler
- Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Centre for Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shizhen Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Congming Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Prevalence and mechanisms of linezolid resistance among staphylococcal clinical isolates from Egypt. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 40:815-823. [PMID: 33104900 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-020-04045-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci necessitated the search for alternative agents as linezolid, introduced to treat infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria. Linezolid resistance has since emerged, yet its global prevalence remains low. In Egypt, little is known about the situation. We investigated the prevalence and mechanisms of resistance among Egyptian staphylococcal clinical isolates. Linezolid resistance among 232 staphylococcal isolates obtained from Alexandria Main Hospitals between 2011 and 2016 was assessed using disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration. Resistant isolates were checked for cfr presence using polymerase chain reaction. The V domain of different alleles of 23S rRNA gene was investigated for mutations. Selection for linezolid-resistant mutants was performed in vitro through serial passages in linezolid sub-inhibitory concentrations. Combinations of linezolid with imipenem or anti-inflammatory agents were investigated using time-kill and modified checkerboard assays. Three Staphylococcus haemolyticus isolates (1.3%) from 2015 to 2016 were linezolid-resistant. One isolate carried cfr which was plasmid-borne, and together with another isolate which had a G2603T point mutation in the V domain of 23S rRNA gene. Successive exposure to linezolid sub-inhibitory concentrations was selected for three resistant Staphylococcus aureus mutants out of ten susceptible isolates. These mutants were more resistant towards different antibiotic classes than their susceptible parents. Linezolid combinations with imipenem, ibuprofen, or aspirin were synergistic against the isolates and mutants. Despite unregulated use of linezolid, resistance remains fairly low among the Egyptian isolates. Strict antimicrobial stewardship guidelines are needed in hospitals and the community to guard against further evolution of resistant mutants.
Collapse
|
9
|
Qu Y, Li Y, Cameron DR, Easton CD, Zhu X, Zhu M, Salwiczek M, Muir BW, Thissen H, Daley A, Forsythe JS, Peleg AY, Lithgow T. Hyperosmotic Infusion and Oxidized Surfaces Are Essential for Biofilm Formation of Staphylococcus capitis From the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:920. [PMID: 32477314 PMCID: PMC7237634 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus capitis is an opportunistic pathogen often implicated in bloodstream infections in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). This is assisted by its ability to form biofilms on indwelling central venous catheters (CVC), which are highly resistant to antibiotics and the immune system. We sought to understand the fundamentals of biofilm formation by S. capitis in the NICU, using seventeen clinical isolates including the endemic NRCS-A clone and assessing nine commercial and two modified polystyrene surfaces. S. capitis clinical isolates from the NICU initiated biofilm formation only in response to hyperosmotic conditions, followed by a developmental progression driven by icaADBC expression to establish mature biofilms, with polysaccharide being their major extracellular polymer substance (EPS) matrix component. Physicochemical features of the biomaterial surface, and in particular the level of the element oxygen present on the surface, significantly influenced biofilm development of S. capitis. A lack of highly oxidized carbon species on the surface prevented the immobilization of S. capitis EPS and the formation of mature biofilms. This information provides guidance in regard to the preparation of hyperosmolar total parenteral nutrition and the engineering of CVC surfaces that can minimize the risk of catheter-related bloodstream infections caused by S. capitis in the NICU.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qu
- The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Infection and Immunity Theme, Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yali Li
- The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Manufacturing, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - David R Cameron
- Infection and Immunity Theme, Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher D Easton
- The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Manufacturing, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Xuebo Zhu
- The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Minli Zhu
- The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mario Salwiczek
- Infection and Immunity Theme, Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Manufacturing, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Benjamin W Muir
- The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Manufacturing, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Helmut Thissen
- The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Manufacturing, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Daley
- Department of Microbiology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - John S Forsythe
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Anton Y Peleg
- Infection and Immunity Theme, Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Infectious Diseases, The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Trevor Lithgow
- Infection and Immunity Theme, Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mittal G, Bhandari V, Gaind R, Rani V, Chopra S, Dawar R, Sardana R, Verma PK. Linezolid resistant coagulase negative staphylococci (LRCoNS) with novel mutations causing blood stream infections (BSI) in India. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:717. [PMID: 31412801 PMCID: PMC6694603 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4368-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) have emerged as a major causative agent of blood-stream infections (BSI). Linezolid (LZD) is currently used for treating glycopeptide and methicillin-resistant staphylococci. It is important to understand the resistance mechanism and probable transmission of LZD resistant (LR) CoNS within the hospital. Methods Clinically significant LRCoNS from patients with BSI were characterized using MALDI-TOF and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Antimicrobial susceptibility and MIC of vancomycin and LZD were determined. LZD resistance mechanisms using PCR for the cfr gene and mutation in the V domain of the 23S rRNA gene were studied. Results The MIC of LZD ranged from 8 to 32 μg/ml. LR was observed in three different CoNS species from diverse locations within the hospital. The cfr gene was identified in all the isolates. Sequence analysis of V domain region of 23S rRNA gene confirmed mutation in single copy among 12/15 isolates with novel mutations: G2614 T and C2384T. All infections were nosocomially acquired and LZD resistance was emerging in the absence of prior LZD use. Horizontal spread of resistant isolates and cfr gene among diverse species were the probable mechanisms of transmission. Conclusion The study highlights the novel mutations associated with LRCoNS and the importance of surveillance & transmission pathway within the hospital. It also systematically discusses the published information on LRCoNS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gajanand Mittal
- Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Vasundhra Bhandari
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology-DBT, Hyderabad, 500049, India
| | - Rajni Gaind
- Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Vandana Rani
- Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Shimpi Chopra
- Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Reetika Dawar
- Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, 110076, India
| | - Raman Sardana
- Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, 110076, India
| | - P K Verma
- Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, 110029, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhou W, Gao S, Xu H, Zhang Z, Chen F, Shen H, Zhang C. Distribution of the optrA gene in Enterococcus isolates at a tertiary care hospital in China. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2019; 17:180-186. [PMID: 30641287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Linezolid-resistant Enterococcus have spread worldwide. This study investigated the prevalence of linezolid-non-susceptible Enterococcus (LNSE) and the potential mechanism and molecular epidemiology of LNSE isolates from Nanjing, China. METHODS Linezolid susceptibility of 2555 Enterococcus was retrospectively determined by Etest. Vancomycin and teicoplanin MICs were determined for LNSE by Etest. PCR and DNA sequencing were used to investigate the potential molecular mechanism. Clonal relatedness between LNSE isolates was analysed by MLST. WGS was also performed. RESULTS A total of 27 Enterococcus isolates (24 Enterococcus faecalis, 3 Enterococcus faecium) with linezolid MICs of 4-48μg/mL were identified, among which 20 E. faecalis and 3 E. faecium were positive for optrA. No mutations were found in genes encoding domain V of 23S rRNA or ribosomal proteins L3/L4; the cfr gene was not found. The 24 linezolid-non-susceptible E. faecalis were classified into eight STs (ST16, ST480, ST476, ST631, ST585, ST428, ST25 and ST689). The three linezolid-non-susceptible E. faecium were classified as ST17, ST400 and ST195. Comparison of the deduced OptrA amino acid sequences of the 23 optrA-positive isolates by PCR-based sequencing and WGS with that of the original OptrA from E. faecalis E349 revealed seven variants (KD, EDP, EDM, D, EDD, RDK and DP) in 16 isolates, with no mutations in the remaining 7 isolates. optrA was found downstream of fexA by searching the pE349 sequence based on WGS data. CONCLUSIONS Emergence of LNSE with optrA-mediated resistance and clonal dissemination of ST16 E. faecalis in our hospital may pose a potential public-health threat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanqing Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321# Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210008, PR China
| | - Shuo Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321# Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210008, PR China
| | - Hongjing Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jiangning District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 657# Tianyin Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211100, PR China
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321# Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210008, PR China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321# Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210008, PR China
| | - Han Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321# Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210008, PR China.
| | - Chunni Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 305# East Zhongshan Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210008, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kong Y, Ye J, Zhou W, Jiang Y, Lin H, Zhang X, Qian J, Zhang Y, Ge H, Li Y. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonisation among healthcare workers at a tertiary care hospital in southeastern China. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2018; 15:256-261. [PMID: 30144635 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the carriage rates of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) among healthcare workers (HCWs) at a tertiary-care hospital in southeastern China and to analyse the epidemiological relatedness of the S. aureus isolates. METHODS A total of 242 pharynx swabs were collected in March-April 2016 from 242 HCWs working in seven different wards and departments. Isolates were identified as S. aureus based on morphology, coagulase test and Vitek test. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The epidemiological relatedness of the S. aureus isolates was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). RESULTS From the 242 HCWs, 70 (28.9%) S. aureus strains, including 10 (4.1%) MRSA strains, were identified during screening, with the highest MRSA rate detected in nurses (8/107; 7.5%). Carriage rates of S. aureus and MRSA among surgical HCWs were 30.0% (63/210) and 4.3% (9/210), respectively. Methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolates were grouped by PFGE analysis into five similar groups (A-E), with most isolates belonging to groups D and E, accounting for 63.0% of isolates. Furthermore, two MRSA isolates from gastrointestinal surgery had identical PFGE patterns. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of S. aureus colonisation among HCWs was high in this hospital, although the MRSA carriage rate in surgical wards was low. The identical PFGE pattern detected in two MRSA isolates from the same surgical department supports that effective control for possible cross-infection should be implemented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Kong
- Department of Infection Control, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Ye
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wanqing Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Yihong Jiang
- Department of Infection Control, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Hongyi Lin
- Department of Infection Control, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xianpin Zhang
- Department of Infection Control, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jing Qian
- Department of Infection Control, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yaying Zhang
- Department of Infection Control, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Hai Ge
- Department of Infection Control, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Infection Control, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sousa M, Silva N, Manageiro V, Ramos S, Coelho A, Gonçalves D, Caniça M, Torres C, Igrejas G, Poeta P. First report on MRSA CC398 recovered from wild boars in the north of Portugal. Are we facing a problem? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 596-597:26-31. [PMID: 28412568 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the resistance of Staphylococcus aureus recovered from wild boars, to analyze their genetic lineages, and to investigate the susceptibility to oxacillin. Samples from mouth and nose of 45 wild boars (Sus scrofa) were collected during hunt activity from November 2012 to January 2013 in the North of Portugal. S. aureus isolates were recovered from 30 of these samples (33%); one isolate/sample was further studied. The susceptibility of the isolates was tested by disk-diffusion test against 14 antimicrobial agents and minimal inhibitory concentration was used to test oxacillin according to EUCAST guidelines. The genetic lineages of S. aureus were characterized by agr-typing, spa-typing and MLST. From the 30 isolates, 18 S. aureus were susceptible to all antibiotics tested and 7 presented resistance to one or more of the following antibiotics: penicillin (n=3), oxacillin (n=4), cefoxitin (n=1), clindamycin (n=2), gentamicin (n=1), fusidic acid (n=1), ciprofloxacin (n=2), tetracycline (n=1) and linezolid (n=1). One MRSA CC398 (spa-type t899) isolate was detected (oxacillin MIC=32mg/L and mecA-positive), which presented resistance to penicillin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin and contained the genes of immune evasion cluster (IEC) system (type B). The 29 methicillin-susceptible isolates were typed as ST1 (t1533), ST133 (t3583), ST1643 (t10712), ST2328 (t3750) and the new STs (3220, 3222, 3223, 3224) associated to new spa-types t14311 and t14312. The agr-types I, II, III and IV were identified. It is a matter of concern when MRSA and some specific lineages of S. aureus are taken as commensal habitants of the skin and nose of wild animals and are characterized with resistance to various antimicrobial agents in clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Sousa
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Veterinary and Animal Science Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unit, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections (NRL-AR/HAI), National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (NIH), Lisboa, Portugal; Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Food and Agriculture, University of La Rioja (UR), Logroño, Spain
| | - Nuno Silva
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, Scotland, UK
| | - Vera Manageiro
- National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections (NRL-AR/HAI), National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (NIH), Lisboa, Portugal; Centre for the Study of Animal Sciences (CECA/ICETA), University of Oporto, Oporto, Portugal
| | - Sónia Ramos
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Veterinary and Animal Science Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - António Coelho
- Forest Association of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (AFTM), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - David Gonçalves
- Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources of the University of Porto (CIBIO), Vairão, Portugal
| | - Manuela Caniça
- National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections (NRL-AR/HAI), National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (NIH), Lisboa, Portugal; Centre for the Study of Animal Sciences (CECA/ICETA), University of Oporto, Oporto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Torres
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Food and Agriculture, University of La Rioja (UR), Logroño, Spain
| | - Gilberto Igrejas
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics Unit, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University NOVA of Lisbon, Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal; Biology Department, Sciences Faculty, University of Porto (UP), Portugal
| | - Patrícia Poeta
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University NOVA of Lisbon, Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal; Biology Department, Sciences Faculty, University of Porto (UP), Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Butin M, Martins-Simões P, Pichon B, Leyssene D, Bordes-Couecou S, Meugnier H, Rouard C, Lemaitre N, Schramm F, Kearns A, Spiliopoulou I, Hyyryläinen HL, Dumitrescu O, Vandenesch F, Dupieux C, Laurent F. Emergence and dissemination of a linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus capitis clone in Europe. J Antimicrob Chemother 2017; 72:1014-1020. [PMID: 27999045 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkw516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives We investigated the epidemiological, clinical, microbiological and genetic characteristics of linezolid-resistant (LZR) Staphylococcus capitis isolates from French ICUs, and compared them with LZR S. capitis isolates from other European countries. Methods All LZR isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) and the presence of cfr and optrA genes as well as mutations in the 23S rRNA and ribosomal proteins were investigated using specific PCR with sequencing. The genetic relationship between isolates was investigated using PFGE and WGS. Epidemiological data concerning LZR S. capitis were collected retrospectively in French microbiology laboratories. Results Twenty-one LZR isolates were studied: 9 from France, 11 from Greece and 1 from Finland. All were resistant to methicillin and aminoglycosides. In addition, this unusual AST profile was identified in S. capitis isolates from seven French hospitals, and represented up to 12% of the S. capitis isolates in one centre. A G2576T mutation in 23S rRNA was identified in all isolates; cfr and optrA genes were absent. All isolates belonged to the same clone on the basis of their PFGE profiles, whatever their geographical origin. WGS found at most 212 SNPs between core genomes of the LZR isolates. Conclusions We identified and characterized an LZR S. capitis clone disseminated in three European countries, harbouring the same multiple resistance and a G2576T mutation in the 23S rRNA. The possible unrecognized wider distribution of this clone, belonging to a species classically regarded as a low-virulence skin colonizer, is of major concern not least because of the increasing use of oxazolidinones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Butin
- International Center for Infectiology Research (CIRI), INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308-ENS Lyon-University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.,Department of Bacteriology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - P Martins-Simões
- International Center for Infectiology Research (CIRI), INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308-ENS Lyon-University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.,Department of Bacteriology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,National Reference Center for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - B Pichon
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Colindale, London, UK
| | - D Leyssene
- Department of Bacteriology, Centre Hospitalier de la Côte Basque, Bayonne, France
| | - S Bordes-Couecou
- Department of Bacteriology, Centre Hospitalier de la Côte Basque, Bayonne, France
| | - H Meugnier
- International Center for Infectiology Research (CIRI), INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308-ENS Lyon-University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.,Department of Bacteriology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,National Reference Center for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - C Rouard
- Department of Bacteriology, Hôpital Antoine-Béclère, University Paris Sud, Clamart, France
| | - N Lemaitre
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - F Schramm
- Department of Bacteriology, CHRU de Strasbourg, EA7290 Early Bacterial Virulence, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - A Kearns
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Colindale, London, UK
| | - I Spiliopoulou
- National Staphylococcal Reference Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | - O Dumitrescu
- International Center for Infectiology Research (CIRI), INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308-ENS Lyon-University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.,Department of Bacteriology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,National Reference Center for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - F Vandenesch
- International Center for Infectiology Research (CIRI), INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308-ENS Lyon-University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.,Department of Bacteriology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,National Reference Center for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - C Dupieux
- International Center for Infectiology Research (CIRI), INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308-ENS Lyon-University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.,Department of Bacteriology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,National Reference Center for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - F Laurent
- International Center for Infectiology Research (CIRI), INSERM U1111-CNRS UMR5308-ENS Lyon-University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France.,Department of Bacteriology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,National Reference Center for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Argudín MA, Deplano A, Meghraoui A, Dodémont M, Heinrichs A, Denis O, Nonhoff C, Roisin S. Bacteria from Animals as a Pool of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes. Antibiotics (Basel) 2017; 6:antibiotics6020012. [PMID: 28587316 PMCID: PMC5485445 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics6020012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial agents are used in both veterinary and human medicine. The intensive use of antimicrobials in animals may promote the fixation of antimicrobial resistance genes in bacteria, which may be zoonotic or capable to transfer these genes to human-adapted pathogens or to human gut microbiota via direct contact, food or the environment. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the use of antimicrobial agents in animal health and explores the role of bacteria from animals as a pool of antimicrobial resistance genes for human bacteria. This review focused in relevant examples within the ESC(K)APE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium difficile (Klebsiella pneumoniae), Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacteriaceae) group of bacterial pathogens that are the leading cause of nosocomial infections throughout the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angeles Argudín
- National Reference Centre-Staphylococcus aureus, Department of Microbiology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Ariane Deplano
- National Reference Centre-Staphylococcus aureus, Department of Microbiology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Alaeddine Meghraoui
- National Reference Centre-Staphylococcus aureus, Department of Microbiology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Magali Dodémont
- National Reference Centre-Staphylococcus aureus, Department of Microbiology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Amelie Heinrichs
- National Reference Centre-Staphylococcus aureus, Department of Microbiology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Olivier Denis
- National Reference Centre-Staphylococcus aureus, Department of Microbiology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
- Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue Franklin Roosevelt 50, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Claire Nonhoff
- National Reference Centre-Staphylococcus aureus, Department of Microbiology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Sandrine Roisin
- National Reference Centre-Staphylococcus aureus, Department of Microbiology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
An unorthodox, surprising mechanism of resistance to the antibiotic linezolid was revealed by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) in the 70S ribosomes from a clinical isolate of Staphylococcus aureus. This high-resolution structural information demonstrated that a single amino acid deletion in ribosomal protein uL3 confers linezolid resistance despite being located 24 Å away from the linezolid binding pocket in the peptidyl-transferase center. The mutation induces a cascade of allosteric structural rearrangements of the rRNA that ultimately results in the alteration of the antibiotic binding site. The growing burden on human health caused by various antibiotic resistance mutations now includes prevalent Staphylococcus aureus resistance to last-line antimicrobial drugs such as linezolid and daptomycin. Structure-informed drug modification represents a frontier with respect to designing advanced clinical therapies, but success in this strategy requires rapid, facile means to shed light on the structural basis for drug resistance (D. Brown, Nat Rev Drug Discov 14:821–832, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd4675). Here, detailed structural information demonstrates that a common mechanism is at play in linezolid resistance and provides a step toward the redesign of oxazolidinone antibiotics, a strategy that could thwart known mechanisms of linezolid resistance.
Collapse
|