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Shenoy PS, Chavan YB. What matters in good health status of 1-year-old children? - A cross-sectional study of the perinatal factors. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:2589-2595. [PMID: 39071015 PMCID: PMC11272029 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1124_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background A healthy child can make way for a healthy adult. Some of the factors that can be used to determine the health of a young child are nutritional status of the child, the developmental milestones achieved, and frequency of illness. Objectives The health status of children and associated factors are determined. Methods This is a community-based cross-sectional study with 271 participants. The height and weight of the child were measured; questions were asked regarding developmental milestones achieved and frequent illnesses. An interview schedule was used to enquire about the determinants of health status. Descriptive statistics were done; Chi-square test and regression were used to determine association between the health status of children and determinants. Results A total of 127 (46.86%) were found to have a good health status. Family type (Chi square value 9.568; P value = 0.002), birth spacing (Chi square 20.540; P value < 0.001), term or pre-term birth (Chi square 4.598; P value = 0.032), chronic medical problem in the child (Chi square 11.074; P value = 0.001), and immunization status of the child (Chi square 5.666; P value = 0.017) were found to have significant association with the health status of the child. By logistic regression, pre-term child birth and family type were found to have higher odds. Conclusion For better health of the child, specific focus on birth spacing, term birth of baby, better care of the ill, and complete immunization play vital roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka S. Shenoy
- Department of Community Medicine, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Yuvaraj B. Chavan
- Department of Community Medicine, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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2
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Arístegui J, Alfayate-Miguelez S, Carazo-Gallego B, Garrote E, Díaz-Munilla L, Mendizabal M, Méndez-Hernández M, Doménech E, Ferrer-Lorente B, Unsaín-Mancisidor M, Ramos-Amador JT, Illán-Ramos M, Croche-Santander B, Centeno Malfaz F, Rodríguez-Suárez J, Cotarelo Suárez M, San-Martín M, Ruiz-Contreras J. Clinical characteristics, health care resource utilization and direct medical costs of Rotavirus hospitalizations in Spain (2013-2018). Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2046961. [PMID: 35435807 PMCID: PMC9196715 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2046961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotavirus (RV) is the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis (GE) in infants and young children worldwide and is associated with a significant clinical and economic burden. The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics, healthcare resource utilization and the direct medical costs related to RVGE hospitalizations in Spain. An observational, multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2013 to May 2018 at the pediatric departments of 12 hospitals from different Spanish regions. Children under 5 years of age admitted to the hospital with a confirmed diagnosis of RVGE were selected. Data on clinical characteristics, healthcare resource use and costs were collected from patient records and hospital databases. Most children hospitalized for RVGE did not have any previous medical condition or chronic disease. Forty-seven percent had previously visited the Emergency Room (ER), 27% had visited a primary care pediatrician, and 15% had received pharmacological treatment prior to hospital admission due to an RVGE episode. The average length of a hospital stay for RVGE was 5.6 days, and the mean medical costs of RVGE hospitalizations per episode ranged from 3,940€ to 4,100€. The highest direct medical cost was due to the hospital stay. This study showed a high burden of health resource utilization and costs related to the management of cases of RVGE requiring hospitalization. RV vaccination with high coverage rates should be considered to minimize the clinical and economic impacts of this disease on the health-care system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elisa Garrote
- Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario de Basurto, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Elia Doménech
- Paediatrics, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Belén Ferrer-Lorente
- Paediatrics, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,Paediatrics, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Unsaín-Mancisidor
- Paediatrics, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Paediatrics, Hospital Universitario de Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - José Tomás Ramos-Amador
- Paediatrics, Hospital Universitario de Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain.,Paediatrics, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Illán-Ramos
- Paediatrics, Hospital Universitario de Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain.,Paediatrics, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Croche-Santander
- Paediatrics, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.,Paediatrics, Hospital Juan Ramón Jiménez, Huelva, Spain
| | - Fernando Centeno Malfaz
- Paediatrics, Hospital Juan Ramón Jiménez, Huelva, Spain.,Paediatrics, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Julián Rodríguez-Suárez
- Paediatrics, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, Spain.,Paediatrics, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Manuel Cotarelo Suárez
- Paediatrics, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.,Medical Affairs Department, MSD, Madrid, Spain
| | - María San-Martín
- Paediatrics, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.,Medical Affairs Department, MSD, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruiz-Contreras
- Medical Affairs Department, MSD, Madrid, Spain.,Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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3
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Ruiz-Contreras J, Alfayate-Miguelez S, Carazo-Gallego B, Onís E, Díaz-Munilla L, Mendizabal M, Méndez Hernández M, Ferrer-Lorente B, Unsaín-Mancisidor M, Ramos-Amador JT, Croche-Santander B, Centeno Malfaz F, Rodríguez-Suárez J, Cotarelo M, San-Martín M, Arístegui J. Rotavirus gastroenteritis hospitalizations in provinces with different vaccination coverage rates in Spain, 2013-2018. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:1138. [PMID: 34742235 PMCID: PMC8572461 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06841-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rotavirus (RV) vaccines are available in Spain since 2006 but are not included in the National Immunization Program. RV vaccination has reached an intermediate vaccination coverage rate (VCR) but with substantial differences between provinces. The aim of this study was to assess the ratio of RV gastroenteritis (RVGE) admissions to all-cause hospitalizations in children under 5 years of age in areas with different VCR. METHODS Observational, multicenter, cross-sectional, medical record-based study. All children admitted to the study hospitals with a RVGE confirmed diagnosis during a 5-year period were selected. The annual ratio of RVGE to the total number of all-cause hospitalizations in children < 5 years of age were calculated. The proportion of RVGE hospitalizations were compared in areas with low (< 30%), intermediate (31-59%) and high (> 60%) VCR. RESULTS From June 2013 to May 2018, data from 1731 RVGE hospitalizations (16.47% of which were nosocomial) were collected from the 12 study hospitals. RVGE hospital admissions accounted for 2.82% (95 CI 2.72-3.00) and 43.84% (95% CI 40.53-47.21) of all-cause and Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE) hospitalizations in children under 5 years of age, respectively. The likelihood of hospitalization due to RVGE was 56% (IC95%, 51-61%) and 27% (IC95%, 18-35%) lower in areas with high and intermediate VCR, respectively, compared to the low VCR areas. CONCLUSIONS RVGE hospitalization ratios are highly dependent on the RV VCR. Increasing VCR in areas with intermediate and low coverage rates would significantly reduce the severe burden of RVGE that requires hospital management in Spain. Clinical trial registration Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Alfayate-Miguelez
- Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - B Carazo-Gallego
- Pediatrics, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - E Onís
- Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario de Basurto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - L Díaz-Munilla
- Pediatrics, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - M Mendizabal
- Pediatrics, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - B Ferrer-Lorente
- Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - J T Ramos-Amador
- Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - F Centeno Malfaz
- Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - M Cotarelo
- Medical Affairs Department, MSD Spain, C/Josefa Valcárcel, 38, 28027, Madrid, Spain
| | - M San-Martín
- Medical Affairs Department, MSD Spain, C/Josefa Valcárcel, 38, 28027, Madrid, Spain.
| | - J Arístegui
- Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario de Basurto, Bilbao, Spain
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Clinical Characteristics of Rotavirus-Induced Gastroenteritis in Infants. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2020-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Rotavirus is the most common cause of acute infectious diarrhea in infants and young children up to the age of five. The disease is characterized by profuse watery diarrhea, vomiting and fever. The major complications of rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) are dehydration, middle ear inflammation and upper respiratory tract infection. The basis of treatment is compensation for fluid loss and administration of probiotics. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics of rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants. The study was conducted by the type of retrospective-prospective clinical study on infants with rotavirus gastroenteritis diagnosed on the basis of a positive Rotalex test (Orion Diagnostica Finland) and exclusion of other etiological factors at the University Children's Clinic in Belgrade, from April 2005 to December 2010. In addition to the detailed medical history and clinical examination, relevant laboratory analyzes were performed in all patients. Descriptive and analytical statistical methods were applied in the study. Among the descriptive methods, we used grouping, tabulation, graphing, calculating measures of central tendency, calculating measures of variability and calculating relative numbers. Of the analytical statistical methods, distribution normality testing, χ2 test, Mann-Whitney U test and T test were used. Statistical significance will be taken to mean p < 0.05. The average infant mortality was 6.7 ± 3.7 months. All respondents were divided into two groups according to the age. The first group consisted of infants aged 0 to 5 months (46%), the second group consisted of infants aged 6 to 12 months (54%). The incidence of aqueous diarrhea (100%), vomiting (84%) and fever (74%) in infants suffering from rotavirus gastroenteritis was analyzed. The significance of the age on the symptomatology of rotavirus gastroenteritis as well as on the importance of using probiotics has been demonstrated.
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Díez-Domingo J, Garcés-Sánchez M, Giménez-Sánchez F, Colomina-Rodríguez J, Martinón-Torres F. What have we learnt about rotavirus in Spain in the last 10 years? ANALES DE PEDIATRÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Benninghoff B, Pereira P, Vetter V. Role of healthcare practitioners in rotavirus disease awareness and vaccination - insights from a survey among caregivers. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2019; 16:138-147. [PMID: 31210567 PMCID: PMC7012184 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2019.1632685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An online survey was designed to assess awareness and understanding of Rotavirus (RV) gastroenteritis (RVGE), and knowledge and attitudes towards RV vaccination in Germany, Poland, Turkey, Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand. Survey participants (n = 1500) comprised parents, expectant parents and guardians of children ≤5 years of age who have sole or joint responsibility for health and well-being decisions relating to their child, who were recruited from an online panel and provided their consent for study participation. Participants from most countries had a high level of awareness of RV infections (mean: 82%) and of those aware of RV, a mean of 61% participants were aware that RV was the most common cause of GE, however the majority (mean: 59%) were unaware that nearly every child would be infected with RVGE by the age of 5 years. Healthcare professional (HCP) recommendation was identified as the key driver for participants seeking vaccination (48%–75% of participants stated this reason, with results differing by country) followed by availability of RV vaccine in the national immunization program. Despite a high level of awareness of RVGE among participants, fostering knowledge regarding the difficulty of RVGE prevention, the risk of RV contraction and the associated serious consequences like dehydration is imperative to improve RV vaccination uptake. HCPs, being the primary influence on participants’ decision on vaccination, are best suited to bridge existing knowledge gaps and recommend parents to vaccinate their children against RVGE.
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7
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Díez-Domingo J, Garcés-Sánchez M, Giménez-Sánchez F, Colomina-Rodríguez J, Martinón-Torres F. [What have we learnt about rotavirus in Spain in the last 10 years?]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2019; 91:166-179. [PMID: 30971385 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccines against rotavirus (RV) have been available in Spain since 2006, but they are neither recommended nor financed by the National Health System. Nevertheless, through recommendations of the Spanish Association of Paediatrics vaccination has achieved intermediate coverage. MATERIAL AND METHODS A systematic literature review was performed on studies carried out in Spain in the last 12 years (2006-2018) on RV infection and vaccination. RESULTS A total of 43 studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. The disease burden in children less than 5 years in the Primary Care setting ranged from 15 to 19 cases per 1,000 children, and between 120 and 480 cases per 100,000 in the hospital setting, which has a significant economic and social impact. Vaccines against RV have shown an effectiveness of between 83% and 96%, and an impact of up to 70% in reducing hospital admissions, which is dependent on the achieved vaccine coverage. New research lines are identified, such as the role of the rotavirus vaccine and protection against seizures or the impact on the gut microbiota. CONCLUSIONS The current available information supports the significant burden of rotavirus disease in Spain and the high effectiveness of the available vaccines. This evidence should allow for an updated re-evaluation of the national recommendations on rotavirus vaccination.
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Sadiq A, Bostan N, Yinda KC, Naseem S, Sattar S. Rotavirus: Genetics, pathogenesis and vaccine advances. Rev Med Virol 2018; 28:e2003. [PMID: 30156344 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery 40 years ago, rotavirus (RV) is considered to be a major cause of infant and childhood morbidity and mortality particularly in developing countries. Nearly every child in the world under 5 years of age is at the risk of RV infection. It is estimated that 90% of RV-associated mortalities occur in developing countries of Africa and Asia. Two live oral vaccines, RotaTeq (RV5, Merck) and Rotarix (RV1, GlaxoSmithKline) have been successfully deployed to scale down the disease burden in Europe and America, but they are less effective in Africa and Asia. In April 2009, the World Health Organization recommended the inclusion of RV vaccination in national immunization programs of all countries with great emphasis in developing countries. To date, 86 countries have included RV vaccines into their national immunization programs including 41 Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization eligible countries. The predominant RV genotypes circulating all over the world are G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G4P[8], and G9P[8], while G12[P6] and G12[P8] are emerging genotypes. On account of the segmented genome, RV shows an enormous genetic diversity that leads to the evolution of new genotypes that can influence the efficacy of current vaccines. The current need is for a global RV surveillance program to monitor the prevalence and antigenic variability of new genotypes to formulate future vaccine development planning. In this review, we will summarize the previous and recent insights into RV structure, classification, and epidemiology and current status of RV vaccination around the globe and will also cover the status of RV research and vaccine policy in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Sadiq
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nazish Bostan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Kwe Claude Yinda
- Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Saadia Naseem
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Sattar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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9
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Chan-It W, Chanta C. Emergence of G9P[8] rotaviruses in children with acute gastroenteritis in Thailand, 2015-2016. J Med Virol 2017; 90:477-484. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wisoot Chan-It
- Biology Program; Faculty of Science and Technology; Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University; Phitsanulok Thailand
| | - Chulapong Chanta
- Pediatric Unit; Chiangrai Prachanukroh Hospital; Chiang Rai Thailand
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