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Andreasen TH, Madsen FA, Barbateskovic M, Lindschou J, Gluud C, Møller K. Ketamine for Critically Ill Patients with Severe Acute Brain Injury: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. Neurocrit Care 2024:10.1007/s12028-024-02075-2. [PMID: 39085508 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-024-02075-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with severe acute brain injury have a high risk of a poor clinical outcome due to primary and secondary brain injury. Ketamine reportedly inhibits cortical spreading depolarization, an electrophysiological phenomenon that has been associated with secondary brain injury, making ketamine potentially attractive for patients with severe acute brain injury. The aim of this systematic review is to explore the current literature regarding ketamine for patients with severe acute brain injury. METHODS We systematically searched international databases for randomized clinical trials comparing ketamine by any regimen versus placebo, no intervention, or any control drug for patients with severe acute brain injury. Two authors independently reviewed and selected trials for inclusion, extracted data, assessed risk of bias, and performed analysis using Review Manager and Trial Sequential Analysis. Evidence certainty was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation. The primary outcomes were the proportion of participants with an unfavorable functional outcome, the proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events, and quality of life. RESULTS We identified five randomized trials comparing ketamine versus sufentanil, fentanyl, other sedatives, or saline (total N = 149 participants). All outcomes were at overall high risk of bias. The proportions of participants with one or more serious adverse events did not differ between ketamine and sufentanil or fentanyl (relative risk 1.45, 95% confidence interval 0.81-2.58; very low certainty). Trial sequential analysis showed that further trials are needed. CONCLUSIONS The level of evidence regarding the effects of ketamine on functional outcome and serious adverse events in patients with severe acute brain injury is very low. Ketamine may markedly, modestly, or not at all affect these outcomes. Large randomized clinical trials at low risk of bias are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine Hjorslev Andreasen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Frederik Andreas Madsen
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology, Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marija Barbateskovic
- Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, The Capital Region, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jane Lindschou
- Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, The Capital Region, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Gluud
- Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, The Capital Region, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Regional Health Research, The Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kirsten Møller
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology, Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Leoni FP, Di Puccio R, Arcangeli A, Ficini I, Puccinelli C. Computed tomography angiography features of a retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paraganglioma in a cat. THE CANADIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL = LA REVUE VETERINAIRE CANADIENNE 2024; 65:649-654. [PMID: 38952751 PMCID: PMC11195497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
A 7-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat was presented for evaluation of a large-volume abdominal space-occupying lesion. A computed tomography angiography examination detected a round retroperitoneal mass, in contact with the large abdominal vessels, characterized by an external hyperattenuating capsule and a larger hypoattenuating center. The capsule was soft-tissue attenuating with marked heterogenous contrast enhancement. The center was hypoattenuating pre- and post-contrast administration. The mass displaced both kidneys laterally and the descendent colon ventrally. The mesenteric veins and both phrenicoabdominal veins were markedly increased in diameter. However, the adrenals were not involved. On the excretory phase, no contrast enhancement was observed in either ureter, except for the proximal tract of the right ureter. At laparotomy, both ureters entered the mass that was adherent to the great abdominal vessels. The cytological diagnosis was retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paraganglioma. In cats, retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paragangliomas are very rare. This is the first computed tomography angiography report of a retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paraganglioma in a domestic cat. Key clinical message: This report describes the computed tomography angiography features of a rare case of a retroperitoneal extra-adrenal paraganglioma in a cat. These features could be taken into consideration to direct the diagnosis of a possible neuroendocrine origin for a retroperitoneal mass in a cat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Puccini Leoni
- Vet Rad Firenze, Florence, 50126, Italy (Puccini Leoni, Di Puccio, Arcangeli); Ospedale Veterinario San Concordio, Lucca, 55100, Italy (Ficini, Puccinelli); Veterinary Teaching Hospital "Mario Modenato," Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56126, Italy (Puccinelli)
| | - Riccardo Di Puccio
- Vet Rad Firenze, Florence, 50126, Italy (Puccini Leoni, Di Puccio, Arcangeli); Ospedale Veterinario San Concordio, Lucca, 55100, Italy (Ficini, Puccinelli); Veterinary Teaching Hospital "Mario Modenato," Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56126, Italy (Puccinelli)
| | - Andrea Arcangeli
- Vet Rad Firenze, Florence, 50126, Italy (Puccini Leoni, Di Puccio, Arcangeli); Ospedale Veterinario San Concordio, Lucca, 55100, Italy (Ficini, Puccinelli); Veterinary Teaching Hospital "Mario Modenato," Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56126, Italy (Puccinelli)
| | - Ilaria Ficini
- Vet Rad Firenze, Florence, 50126, Italy (Puccini Leoni, Di Puccio, Arcangeli); Ospedale Veterinario San Concordio, Lucca, 55100, Italy (Ficini, Puccinelli); Veterinary Teaching Hospital "Mario Modenato," Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56126, Italy (Puccinelli)
| | - Caterina Puccinelli
- Vet Rad Firenze, Florence, 50126, Italy (Puccini Leoni, Di Puccio, Arcangeli); Ospedale Veterinario San Concordio, Lucca, 55100, Italy (Ficini, Puccinelli); Veterinary Teaching Hospital "Mario Modenato," Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, 56126, Italy (Puccinelli)
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Carone L, Messana G, Vanoli A, Pugliese L, Gallotti A, Preda L. Correlation between imaging and histology in benign solitary retroperitoneal nerve sheath tumors: a pictorial review. Insights Imaging 2024; 15:132. [PMID: 38816511 PMCID: PMC11139841 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-024-01709-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benign nerve sheath tumors presenting as solitary retroperitoneal masses (RBNSTs) pose a complex diagnostic challenge for multidisciplinary teams regarding differential diagnosis, staging, and treatment planning. This article reviews the role played by different imaging techniques in assessing RBNSTs and elucidates their typical pathological features with a particular emphasis on the correlation between imaging and histological findings. Furthermore, some examples of retroperitoneal tumors that merit consideration in the process of differential diagnosis based on cross-sectional investigations (CSIs) are reported. The correlation between tissue architecture and appearance on imaging can help increase the accuracy of differential diagnosis with other retroperitoneal neoplasms at CSIs. CRITICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT This educational review critically examines the correlation between imaging and histological features in solitary retroperitoneal benign nerve sheath tumors, offering valuable insights for improving the accuracy of differential diagnosis in clinical radiology. KEY POINTS RBNSTs are challenging to diagnose because they lack specific radiological features. Differential diagnosis of RBNSTs from other retroperitoneal neoplasms on imaging is complex. Surgical removal of RBNSTs is recommended for an accurate diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Carone
- Radiology 1 Unit, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Viale Camillo Golgi, 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gaia Messana
- Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic, and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Brambilla, 74, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Vanoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Viale Camillo Golgi, 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Viale Camillo Golgi, 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luigi Pugliese
- General Surgery 2 Unit, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Viale Camillo Golgi, 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Gallotti
- Radiology 1 Unit, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Viale Camillo Golgi, 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Preda
- Radiology 1 Unit, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Viale Camillo Golgi, 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy
- Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic, and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Brambilla, 74, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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Lin Z, Feng Z. Preoperative differentiation of mediastinum and retroperitoneum ganglioneuroma from schwannoma with clinical data and enhanced CT: developing a multivariable prediction model. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:e925-e933. [PMID: 37833142 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM To develop a multivariable prediction model for preoperative differentiation of ganglioneuroma (GN) from schwannoma in mediastinum and retroperitoneum based on clinical data and enhanced computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective diagnostic study. Patients diagnosed with mediastinum or retroperitoneal GN or schwannoma at Zhongshan Hospital between July 2006 and March 2022 were divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort at a ratio of 7:3. Clinical information and CT features were collected. Histopathology was the reference standard for diagnosis. The model was developed using binary logistic regression. The predictive performance of the model was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS A total of 105 patients (47 men and 58 women; mean age of 41 ± 15 years) were enrolled. There were significant differences in symptoms (p=0.006), location (p=0.008), ratio of the craniocaudal diameter (CC) to the major axis on axial images (CC/M; p=0.025), ratio of the CC to the diameter on axial images (CC/D; p<0.001), density homogeneity (p=0.001), enhancement homogeneity (p<0.001), enhancement degree (p<0.001), venous phase CT attenuation value (V; p=0.011), and blood vessels changes (p=0.045) between GN and schwannoma. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) and accuracy in the validation cohort were 0.841 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.672, 1.000) and 0.839 (95% CI: 0.674, 0.929), respectively. Calibration curves and DCA showed that the model was beneficial for patients. CONCLUSION The multivariable prediction model exhibited good predictive performance and may facilitate preoperative planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Lin
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361004, China
| | - Z Feng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361004, China.
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Sharma S, Kalia V. Effect of tibial nerve mobilization on balance & gait functions in subjects with subclinical diabetic neuropathy: A randomized clinical trial. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:1283-1290. [PMID: 37975109 PMCID: PMC10638326 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01246-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction With advancing age, balance control diminishes as a result of cognitive impairment, decreased muscle strength, and impairment in visual, vestibular, and somatosensory systems. Besides aforesaid factors, the addition of diabetes to all these leads to balance and gait-related issues such as falls and fall-related injuries. Impaired balance and gait performance in diabetics are primarily attributed to the diminished sensory function of the foot and ankle region owing to diabetic neuropathy. The purpose of this study was to explicitly examine the impact of neural mobilization on the balance & gait functions of subjects having subclinical diabetic neuropathy. Methods 40 individuals with subclinical diabetic neuropathy, ranging in age from 50 to 75 years, were assigned to two groups at random: Group 1 received the concurrent application of Tibial nerve mobilization and Balance-Gait training whereas Group 2 received only Balance-Gait training. The therapy was administered five times each week, for four weeks. On the first and last day of treatment, measurements of VPT, BBS, TUG, and DGI were taken from each subject. Results The results of the study found that post neural mobilization and Balance-Gait training, scores of VPT, BBS, DGI, and TUG showed improvement but it was not significant. As it is evident that diabetic neuropathy is progressive in nature, even small changes can be helpful. Conclusion Neural mobilization integrated with balance-gait training of subclinical diabetic neuropathic individuals resulted in improved sensory functions along with enhanced balance-gait functions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-023-01246-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanika Sharma
- Department of Physiotherapy, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi, Grand Trunk Road, Phagwara, 144001 India
| | - Varun Kalia
- Department of Physiotherapy, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi, Grand Trunk Road, Phagwara, 144001 India
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Berty Gutiérrez H, Carrera González E. Usefulness of optic nerve sheath diameter measurement in hypertensive patients during pregnancy and the puerperium. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2023; 36:2187253. [PMID: 36889743 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2187253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia/eclampsia during pregnancy and the puerperium are major risk factors for maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early diagnosis followed by appropriate treatment can prevent neurological disorders, considered one of the most serious sequelae of the disease. The detection of increased intracerebral pressure through the use of ocular ultrasonography could be considered an effective method for its diagnosis, since it has the advantage of being a noninvasive technique, easy to perform at the patient's bedside and with a high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of intracranial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedgar Berty Gutiérrez
- Second Degree Specialist in Intensive and Emergency Medicine, Clinical-Surgical University Hospital ¨Miguel Enríquez¨/Intensive Care Unit, Havana, Cuba
| | - Elier Carrera González
- Bachelor of Nursing, Master in Medical Emergencies, Clinical-Surgical University Hospital ¨Miguel Enríquez¨/Intensive Care Unit, Havana, Cuba
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Reyes-Sosa LC, León-Castillo DA, Jiménez-Islas JC, Aguilar-Vázquez CA. [Report of two cases of anti-LGI1 autoimmune encephalitis in Mexico]. REVISTA MEDICA DEL INSTITUTO MEXICANO DEL SEGURO SOCIAL 2023; 61:868-874. [PMID: 37995384 PMCID: PMC10727757 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10064492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Background: Anti-LGI1 encephalitis is characterized by a pattern of inflammation that predominantly affects the limbic system It is part of the autoimmune encephalitis that attack neuronal surface antigens. It is characterized by the triad of subacute dementia, faciobrachial dystonic crises, and hyponatremia, presenting an excellent response to immunotherapy. The aim of this article is to describe the clinical evolution and functional outcome at 6 months of two patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis using clinical cases. Clinical cases Case 1: 62-year-old man with 8-week symptoms manifested by changes in mood, disorientation, and focal motor seizures. Case 2 A 72-year-old woman with a 5-month evolution of rapidly progressive dementia, hyponatremia and bitemporal hyperintensities on MRI. In both, due to clinical suspicion, acute dual immunotherapy with steroid and immunoglobulin was given with substantial improvement. Subsequently, the existence of anti-LGI1 antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid was confirmed. Although both patients received a dose of rituximab during their hospitalization, only the patient in the first case continued biannual doses of rituximab. The second patient was not initially considered to continue long-term immunomodulatory treatment and experienced a relapse. Conclusions These clinical vignettes present the reader with the classic characteristics of this disease. This can facilitate its recognition and timely initiation of treatment, improving the functional prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Carlos Reyes-Sosa
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Servicio de Neurología. Ciudad de México, México Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Daniela Alexia León-Castillo
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Servicio de Neurología. Ciudad de México, México Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Juan Carlos Jiménez-Islas
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Servicio de Neurología. Ciudad de México, México Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
| | - Crhistian Alejandro Aguilar-Vázquez
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Servicio de Neurología. Ciudad de México, México Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialMéxico
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Wagner V, Gravesen P, Ghaziani E, Olsen MH, Riberholt CG. Mapping physical activity patterns in hospitalised patients with moderate to severe acquired brain injury - MAP-ABI: Protocol for an observational study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21927. [PMID: 38034693 PMCID: PMC10682202 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The physical activity level in patients hospitalised for rehabilitation across multiple diagnoses is low. Moderate to severe acquired brain injury further reduces activity levels as impaired physical and cognitive functioning affect mobility independence. Therefore, supervised out-of-bed mobilisation and physical activity training are essential rehabilitation strategies. Few studies have measured the physical activity patterns in the early phases of rehabilitation after moderate to severe brain injury. Objectives To map and quantify physical activity patterns in patients admitted to brain injury rehabilitation. Further, to investigate which factors are associated with activity and if the early physical activity level is associated with functional outcome at discharge. Methods This observational study includes patients admitted to rehabilitation after moderate to severe acquired brain injury. Mobility and physical activity patterns are measured continuously during rehabilitation at two separate seven-day periods using a wearable activity tracker. Activity will be categorised into four levels and presented descriptively. Linear and logistic regression models will analyse associations between descriptive variables and activity levels. Discussion This protocol describes an observational study investigating patients' mobility and physical activity patterns with moderate to severe acquired brain injury during in-hospital rehabilitation. The ability to increase the amount of mobilisation and physical activity in subgroups may have profound consequences on the rehabilitation outcome. Furthermore, data from this study may be used to inform a large variety of trials investigating physical rehabilitation interventions. (NCT05571462).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibeke Wagner
- Department of Brain and Spinal Cord Injury, The Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pi Gravesen
- Department of Brain and Spinal Cord Injury, The Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emma Ghaziani
- Department of Brain and Spinal Cord Injury, The Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Markus Harboe Olsen
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology, The Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Gunge Riberholt
- Department of Brain and Spinal Cord Injury, The Neuroscience Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ahmed SR, Mohamed AAM, Salem HH, Helmy S, Moustafa RR, Borham SMF. Association of white matter hyperintensities with migraine phenotypes and response to treatment. Acta Neurol Belg 2023; 123:1725-1733. [PMID: 35854172 PMCID: PMC10505107 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-022-02015-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are frequently found in migraineurs. However, their clinical significance and correlation to different migraine phenotypes and treatment responses are not well defined. The study aimed to examine the association of WMHs with migraine clinical patterns and treatment response. AIM OF WORK We aimed to evaluate the association between WMHs and migraine phenotypes and explore the relationship of WMHs to treatment response. METHODS Our cross-sectional study formed of 500 migraineurs who sought treatment in Kafr el-sheik university hospital and underwent (3 T) MRI to evaluate WMHs. Different migraine phenotypes were compared between patients with and without WMHs. According to reduced headache pain intensity and frequency, these patients were divided into treatment responder and non-responder groups. RESULTS A total of 145 patients (29%) had WMHs. Patients with WMHs were significantly older, had a longer disease duration, and higher attack frequency. Patients who did not respond to acute and maintenance medications had a higher frequency of WMHs and high WMHs Scheltens score. Migraine with Aura and the presence of vomiting and dizziness were predictors for the development of WMHs. CONCLUSION WMHs are more common in migraine with aura. It is more frequent in migraine associated with vomiting and dizziness. WMHs increased with advancing age and more severe disease burden. Poorer response to acute and prophylactic medications was found in patients with WMHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherihan Rezk Ahmed
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafr el-Sheikh University, 12 Elgeish street, Kafr el-sheikh, 33511 Egypt
| | | | - Haitham Hamdy Salem
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shahinaz Helmy
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ramez Reda Moustafa
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Benato A, D'Alessandris QG, Murazio M, Pacelli F, Mattogno PP, Fernández E, Lauretti L. Integrated Neurosurgical Management of Retroperitoneal Benign Nerve Sheath Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3138. [PMID: 37370749 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNST) of the retroperitoneum are rare and are often treated by general surgeons dealing with retroperitoneal cancers. However, resection without the correct microsurgical technique can cause permanent neurological deficits and pain. Here, we discuss our interdisciplinary approach based on the integration of expertise from neurosurgery and abdominal surgery, allowing for both safe exposure and nerve-sparing microsurgical resection of these lesions. We present a series of 15 patients who underwent resection of benign retroperitoneal or pelvic PNST at our institution. The mean age of patients was 48.4 years; 67% were female. Tumors were 14 schwannomas and 1 neurofibroma. Eight patients (53%) reported neurologic symptoms preoperatively. The rate of complete resection was 87% (n = 13); all symptomatic patients showed improvement of their preoperative symptoms. There were no postoperative motor deficits; one patient (7%) developed a permanent sensory deficit. At a mean postoperative follow-up of 31 months, we observed no recurrences. To our best knowledge, this is the second-largest series of benign retroperitoneal PNST consistently managed with microsurgical techniques. Our experience confirms that interdisciplinary management allows for safe treatment of these tumors with good neurological and oncological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Benato
- Rome Campus, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marino Murazio
- Rome Campus, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Pacelli
- Rome Campus, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Mattogno
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Eduardo Fernández
- Rome Campus, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Liverana Lauretti
- Rome Campus, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Cao Y, Wang Z, Ren J, Liu W, Da H, Yang X, Bao H. Differentiation of retroperitoneal paragangliomas and schwannomas based on computed tomography radiomics. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9253. [PMID: 37286581 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28297-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to differentiate the retroperitoneal paragangliomas and schwannomas using computed tomography (CT) radiomics. This study included 112 patients from two centers who pathologically confirmed retroperitoneal pheochromocytomas and schwannomas and underwent preoperative CT examinations. Radiomics features of the entire primary tumor were extracted from non-contrast enhancement (NC), arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP) CT images. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method was used to screen out key radiomics signatures. Radiomics, clinical and clinical-radiomics combined models were built to differentiate the retroperitoneal paragangliomas and schwannomas. Model performance and clinical usefulness were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve and decision curve. In addition, we compared the diagnostic accuracy of radiomics, clinical and clinical-radiomics combined models with radiologists for pheochromocytomas and schwannomas in the same set of data. Three NC, 4 AP, and 3 VP radiomics features were retained as the final radiomics signatures for differentiating the paragangliomas and schwannomas. The CT characteristics CT attenuation value of NC and the enhancement magnitude at AP and VP were found to be significantly different statistically (P < 0.05). The NC, AP, VP, Radiomics and clinical models had encouraging discriminative performance. The clinical-radiomics combined model that combined radiomics signatures and clinical characteristics showed excellent performance, with an area under curve (AUC) values were 0.984 (95% CI 0.952-1.000) in the training cohort, 0.955 (95% CI 0.864-1.000) in the internal validation cohort and 0.871 (95% CI 0.710-1.000) in the external validation cohort. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were 0.984, 0.970 and 1.000 in the training cohort, 0.960, 1.000 and 0.917 in the internal validation cohort and 0.917, 0.923 and 0.818 in the external validation cohort, respectively. Additionally, AP, VP, Radiomics, clinical and clinical-radiomics combined models had a higher diagnostic accuracy for pheochromocytomas and schwannomas than the two radiologists. Our study demonstrated the CT-based radiomics models has promising performance in differentiating the paragangliomas and schwannomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntai Cao
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Tongren Road No.29, Xining, 810001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialiang Ren
- Department of Pharmaceuticals Diagnosis, GE Healthcare, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wencun Liu
- Department of Radiology, Chongqing Jiulongpo People's Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiwen Da
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Tongren Road No.29, Xining, 810001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Yang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Tongren Road No.29, Xining, 810001, People's Republic of China
| | - Haihua Bao
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, Tongren Road No.29, Xining, 810001, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Allen BC, Cummer E, Sarma AK. Traumatic Brain Injury in Select Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Narrative Review of the Literature. J Neurotrauma 2023; 40:602-619. [PMID: 36424896 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2022.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) experience the majority of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), yet few studies have examined the epidemiology and management strategies of TBI in LMICs. The objective of this narrative review is to discuss the epidemiology of TBI within LMICs, describe the adherence to Brain Trauma Foundation (BTF) guidelines for the management of severe TBI in LMICs, and document TBI management strategies currently used in LMICs. Articles from January 1, 2009 to September 30, 2021 that included patients with TBI greater than 18 years of age in low-, low middle-, and high middle-income countries were queried in PubMed. Search results demonstrated that TBI in LMICs mostly impacts young males involved in road traffic accidents. Within LMICs there are a myriad of approaches to managing TBI with few randomized controlled trials performed within LMICs to evaluate those interventions. More studies are needed in LMICs to establish the effectiveness and appropriateness of BTF guidelines for managing TBI and to help identify methods for managing TBI that are appropriate in low-resource settings. The problem of limited pre- and post-hospital care is a bigger challenge that needs to be considered while addressing management of TBI in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beddome C Allen
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elaina Cummer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Anand K Sarma
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Neurology, Division of Neurocritical Care, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Hospital, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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13
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Dehghani S, Mirzakhany N, Dehghani S, Pashmdarfard M. The Use of Tele-Occupational Therapy for Children and Adolescents with Different Disabilities: Systematic Review of RCT Articles. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2023; 37:17. [PMID: 37123331 PMCID: PMC10134098 DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.37.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the limited access of clients in non-urban areas to rehabilitation and the difficulty of specialized counseling in such conditions, the need for telehealth services has increased. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Tele occupational therapy in common disorders of children and adolescents. Methods In this systematic review study, a research method published from 2010 to 2022 focusing on the effectiveness of tele-rehabilitation and its impact on children and adolescents with different physical disabilities was done in Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and EMBASE databases. 467 articles were obtained in the review, and finally, 18 articles were reviewed. Results In children with CP, Tele occupational therapy will be effective on gross motor function and balance skills, but the impact on the executive function needs more studies. In children with ASD, it will be effective on behavioral problems, but the effect on pro-social behavior needs further studies. In children and adolescents with other movement disorders, it will have an impact on the progress of their physical activity and in children and adolescents with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), it will be effective, but the effectiveness of MitiiTM programs needs further studies. Conclusion The findings of this study showed that tele-occupational therapy could be performed in line with face-to-face occupational therapy, and it can lead to the satisfaction of families, but there is still a need to assess the effectiveness of various interventions and tools on different disorders, outcomes and settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Dehghani
- Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Mirzakhany
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Dehghani
- Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Pashmdarfard
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author:Marzieh Pashmdarfard,
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14
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Han JH, Lee BC, Park YM, Jung HJ, Choi JB. Huge adrenal schwannoma: a rare type of adrenal tumor, misconceived as adrenocortical carcinoma. J Surg Case Rep 2022; 2022:rjac562. [PMCID: PMC9731616 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjac562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Schwannoma is a benign and uncommon neoplasm arising from the neural crest cells. The most common tumor sites are the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the head and neck. Retroperitoneal schwannomas account for 1–3% of all schwannomas and are predominantly female. In particular, adrenal schwannoma is very rare, and due to its large size at the time of diagnosis, adrenal schwannoma is frequently misdiagnosed as adrenocortical carcinoma or pheochromocytoma. Adrenal schwannoma is difficult to distinguish it from other adrenal diseases based on imaging findings alone. In this report, we introduce the case of a huge left adrenal schwannoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hee Han
- Pusan National University Hospital Department of Surgery, , Busan, South Korea
| | - Byoung Chul Lee
- Pusan National University Hospital Department of Surgery, , Busan, South Korea
| | - Young Mok Park
- Pusan National University Hospital Department of Surgery, , Busan, South Korea
| | - Hyuk Jae Jung
- Pusan National University Hospital Department of Surgery, , Busan, South Korea
| | - Jung Bum Choi
- Pusan National University Hospital Department of Surgery, , Busan, South Korea
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15
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Park SY, Schott N. Which motor-cognitive abilities underlie the digital Trail-Making Test? Decomposing various test scores to detect cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease-Pilot study. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2022:1-15. [PMID: 36412487 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2147837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Since Parkinson's disease (PD) is a heterogeneous disorder with symptoms, such as tremors, gait and speech disturbances, or memory loss, individualized diagnostics are needed to optimize treatment. In their current form, the typical paper-pencil methods traditionally used to track disease progression are too coarse to capture the subtleties of clinical phenomena. For this reason, digital biomarkers that capture, for example, motor function, cognition, and behavior using apps, wearables, and tracking systems are becoming increasingly established. However, given the high prevalence of cognitive impairment in PD, digital cognitive biomarkers to predict mental progression are important in clinical practice. This pilot study aimed to identify those components of our digital version of the TMT (dTMT) that allow discrimination between PD patients with and without cognitive deficits. A total of 30 healthy control (age 66.3 ± 8.61) and 30 participants with PD (age 68.3 ± 9.66) performed the dTMT using a touch-sensitive tablet to capture enhanced performance metrics, such as the speed between and inside circles. The decomposition of cognitive abilities based on integrating additional variables in the dTMT revealed that the Parkinson's disease group was significantly more sensitive to parameters of inhibitory control. In contrast, the mild cognitive impairment group was sensitive to parameters of cognitive flexibility and working memory. The dTMT allows objective, ecologically valid, and long-term cognitive and fine-motor performance tracking, suggesting its potential as a digital biomarker in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Yong Park
- Department of Sport Psychology & Human Movement Performance, Institute of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nadja Schott
- Department of Sport Psychology & Human Movement Performance, Institute of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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16
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Kumar A, Yadav AK, Singh VK, Pathak A, Chaurasia RN, Mishra VN, Joshi D. Caregiver Burden in Caregivers of Stroke Survivors: A Hospital-Based Study. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2022; 25:1092-1098. [PMID: 36911438 PMCID: PMC9996526 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_318_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A principal caregiver (CG) is directly affected by the patient's health problems leading to CG strain. In the present study, we evaluated the different factors related to increased CG burden in stroke survivors and assessed the relationship between patient's personal and clinical characteristics and CG's stress. Material and Methods In this prospective, follow-up study, a total of 141 principle CGs of 164 First-ever stroke (FES) survivors were subjected to the Caregivers Strain Index (CSI) and Oberst Caregiving Burden Scale (OCBS) at 30 days (n = 141), 90 days (n = 129), and 6 months (n = 119) after informed consent. Patients were subjected to modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Barthel index score assessment at the end of 30 days. Results The mean age of CG was 49.8 ± 21.0 years, approximately 20 years lesser than that of the patients. 102 (72.34%) CGs were females. Urinary incontinence (p < 0.006) morbidity at 30 days, mRS (p = 0.004), and moderate to the severe neurological deficit on admission (p = 0.003) were the patient factors in FES cases leading to significant CGs stress. CG factors responsible for major stress were long caregiving hours (P < 0.001), anxiety (P < 0.001), disturbed night sleep (P < 0.001), financial stress (P < 0.001), younger age (P = 0.002), and CGs being daughters-in-law (P = 0.039). Conclusion CG burden increases with increased severity of stroke. Integrated stroke rehabilitation services should also address CGs issues along with patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Kumar
- Department of Neurology, Banaras Hindu University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Yadav
- Department of Neurology, Banaras Hindu University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Varun Kumar Singh
- Department of Neurology, Banaras Hindu University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Pathak
- Department of Neurology, Banaras Hindu University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia
- Department of Neurology, Banaras Hindu University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijaya Nath Mishra
- Department of Neurology, Banaras Hindu University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepika Joshi
- Department of Neurology, Banaras Hindu University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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17
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Lenartowicz KA, Murthy NK, Desy NM, De La Pena NM, Wolf AS, Wilson TJ, Amrami KK, Spinner RJ. Does complete regression of intraneural ganglion cysts occur without surgery? Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2022; 164:2689-2698. [PMID: 35877047 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-022-05311-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The dynamic nature of intraneural ganglion cysts, including spontaneous expansion and regression, has been described. However, whether these cysts can regress completely in the absence of surgical management has important therapeutic implications. Therefore, we aim to review the literature for cyst regression without surgical intervention. METHODS We reviewed our database of 970 intraneural ganglion cysts in the literature to search for evidence of complete regression based on strict radiologic confirmation, either spontaneously, or after percutaneous cyst aspiration or steroid injection. RESULTS We did not find any examples of complete regression without surgical treatment that met inclusion criteria. Spontaneous regression was reported in four cases; however, only two cases had follow-up imaging, both of which demonstrated residual cysts. Nineteen cases of percutaneous intervention were found in the literature, 13 of which reported clinical improvement following aspiration/steroid injection; however, only seven cases had available imaging. Only two cases reported complete resolution of cyst on MR imaging at follow-up, but reinterpretation found residual intraneural cyst in both cases. CONCLUSION We believe that pathology (structural abnormalities and/or increased joint fluid) always exists at the joint origin of intraneural ganglion cysts which persist even with regression of the cyst. The persistence of a capsular abnormality or defect can lead to recurrence of the cyst in the future, and while imaging may show dramatic decreases in cyst size, truly focused assessment of images will show a tiny focus of persistent intraneural cyst at the joint origin. Thus, expectant management or percutaneous intervention may lead to regression, but not complete resolution, of intraneural ganglion cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikhil K Murthy
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Nicholas M Desy
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Calgary, Alberta, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - Alexandre S Wolf
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | | | | | - Robert J Spinner
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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18
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Ben Hamida K, Slimane M, Mlouka A, Boujelbene N, Essghaier S, Rahal K. An incidental finding of retroperitoneal paraganglioma during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2022; 16:300. [PMID: 35864516 PMCID: PMC9302867 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-022-03513-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extra-adrenal paraganglioma of the retroperitoneum is a very rare neoplasm arising from cells of the primitive neural crest. Although paragangliomas are considered benign and are often found incidentally, they have the potential to metastasize. Case presentation We report the case of a 68-year-old Caucasian woman with an incidental diagnosis of retroperitoneal paraganglioma that was discovered on chest computed tomography performed for high suspicion of coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia. The patient showed no metastasis and was successfully treated by complete surgical removal of the tumor. Conclusion As the diagnosis of paragangliomas is often delayed because of absent clinical symptoms, they represent a significant diagnostic challenge. Although surgery may exacerbate coronavirus disease 2019 infection, surgical resection of this tumor is prioritized, given its malignancy potential, and it must be performed as soon as no infection is detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ben Hamida
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Salah Azaiez Institute, Boulevard du 9 Avril 1938, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - M Slimane
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Salah Azaiez Institute, Boulevard du 9 Avril 1938, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - A Mlouka
- Department of Radiology, Salah Azaiez Institute, Boulevard du 9 Avril 1938, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - N Boujelbene
- Department of Pathology, Salah Azaiez Institute, Boulevard du 9 Avril 1938, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - S Essghaier
- Department of Radiology, Salah Azaiez Institute, Boulevard du 9 Avril 1938, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - K Rahal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Salah Azaiez Institute, Boulevard du 9 Avril 1938, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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19
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A rationally identified panel of microRNAs targets multiple oncogenic pathways to enhance chemotherapeutic effects in glioblastoma models. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12017. [PMID: 35835978 PMCID: PMC9283442 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16219-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor. Available treatments have limited success because most patients develop chemoresistance. Alternative strategies are required to improve anticancer effects of current chemotherapeutics while limiting resistance. Successful targeting of microRNAs (miRNAs) as regulators of gene expression can help reprogram GBM cells to better respond to chemotherapy. We aimed to identify a panel of miRNAs that target multiple oncogenic pathways to improve GBM therapy. We first identified differentially expressed miRNAs and tested if their target genes play central roles in GBM signaling pathways by analyzing data in the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases. We then studied the effects of different combinations of these miRNAs in GBM cells by delivering synthetic miRNAs using clinically compatible PLGA-PEG nanoparticles prior to treatment with temozolomide (TMZ) or doxorubicin (DOX). The successful miRNA panel was tested in mice bearing U87-MG cells co-treated with TMZ. We identified a panel of five miRNAs (miRNA-138, miRNA-139, miRNA-218, miRNA-490, and miRNA-21) and their oncogenic targets (CDK6, ZEB1, STAT3, TGIF2, and SMAD7) that cover four different signaling pathways (cell proliferation and apoptotic signaling, invasion and metastasis, cytokine signaling, and stemness) in GBM. We observed significant in vitro and in vivo enhancement of therapeutic efficiency of TMZ and DOX in GBM models. The proposed combination therapy using rationally selected miRNAs and chemotherapeutic drugs is effective owing to the ability of this specific miRNA panel to better target multiple genes associated with the hallmarks of cancer.
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20
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Gulati V, Swarup MS, Kumar J. Solid Primary Retroperitoneal Masses in Adults: An Imaging Approach. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2022; 32:235-252. [PMID: 35924125 PMCID: PMC9340194 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1744142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass lesions in the retroperitoneal space may be primary or secondary. Primary retroperitoneal mass lesions are relatively uncommon as compared to pathology that arises secondarily from retroperitoneal organs. These may be solid or cystic lesions. The overlapping imaging features of various solid primary retroperitoneal tumors make the diagnosis difficult, and hence, histopathology remains the mainstay of diagnosis. This paper provides a brief review of the anatomy of the retroperitoneal space and provides an algorithmic approach based on cross-sectional imaging techniques to narrow down the differential diagnosis of solid primary retroperitoneal masses encountered in the adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Gulati
- Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - M. Sarthak Swarup
- Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyoti Kumar
- Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India
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21
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Abdeen AH, Trist BG, Double KL. Empirical evidence for biometal dysregulation in Parkinson's disease from a systematic review and Bradford Hill analysis. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:83. [PMID: 35760970 PMCID: PMC9237090 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00345-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Bradford Hill model evaluates the causal inference of one variable on another by assessing whether evidence of the suspected causal variable aligns with a set of nine criteria proposed by Bradford Hill, each representing fundamental tenets of a causal relationship. The aim of this study was to use the Bradford Hill model of causation to assess the level of empirical evidence supporting our hypotheses that alterations to iron and copper levels, and iron- and copper-associated proteins and genes, contribute to Parkinson’s disease etiology. We conducted a systematic review of all available articles published to September 2019 in four online databases. 8437 articles matching search criteria were screened for pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. 181 studies met study criteria and were subsequently evaluated for study quality using established quality assessment tools. Studies meeting criteria for moderate to high quality of study design (n = 155) were analyzed according to the Bradford Hill model of causation. Evidence from studies considered of high quality (n = 73) supported a causal role for iron dysregulation in Parkinson’s disease. A causal role for copper dysregulation in Parkinson’s disease was also supported by high quality studies, although substantially fewer studies investigated copper in this disorder (n = 25) compared with iron. The available evidence supports an etiological role for iron and copper dysregulation in Parkinson’s disease, substantiating current clinical trials of therapeutic interventions targeting alterations in brain levels of these metals in Parkinson’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr H Abdeen
- Brain and Mind Centre and School of Medical Sciences (Neuroscience), Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Benjamin G Trist
- Brain and Mind Centre and School of Medical Sciences (Neuroscience), Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Kay L Double
- Brain and Mind Centre and School of Medical Sciences (Neuroscience), Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.
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22
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Schwannoma in and around the porta hepatis: radiological features in eight cases and literature review. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2022; 47:1917-1928. [PMID: 35488897 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-022-03524-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Schwannomas in and around the porta hepatis (porta hepatic schwannomas) are rare benign tumors easily misdiagnosed as other pathologies, including malignancies. We aimed to evaluate their imaging features on ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/CT (FDG-PET/CT). METHODS We performed a multi-institutional retrospective study by reviewing the clinical and imaging findings of pathologically proven eight porta hepatic schwannomas (mean age, 55 years; range, 38-80 years; one male and seven females). Preoperative imaging included three ultrasonography, eight CT, eight MRI, and two FDG-PET/CT. RESULTS All patients were asymptomatic. The mean tumor size was 61.9 mm (range, 30-180 mm), and all tumors demonstrated well-defined lesions on ultrasonography and their solid components showed soft tissue attenuation on non-contrast CT. MRI showed two distinct components in all cases: the component with T1-weighted hypointensities and T2-weighted hyperintensities with poor enhancement (suggestive of Antoni B histology); the component with T2-weighted hypointensities with gradually increasing enhancement (suggestive of Antoni A histology), resulting in a heterogeneous pattern on post-contrast CT or MRI (8/8, 100%). The separated deviation of surrounding bile ducts and vessels without obstruction allowed the recognition of extrahepatic localization and their benign nature. A ginger root-like morphology (2/8, 25%) seemed to be suggestive of extension along the Glisson's sheath, although this finding was not seen frequently. CONCLUSION Recognizing imaging features such as extrahepatic location, benign nature with internal structures suggestive of Antoni A/B histology, and characteristic tumor extension may provide key diagnostic clues for porta hepatic schwannomas.
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23
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Xue X, Song M, Xiao W, Chen F, Huang Q. Imaging findings of retroperitoneal anastomosing hemangioma: a case report and literature review. BMC Urol 2022; 22:77. [PMID: 35599311 PMCID: PMC9124386 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-022-01022-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anastomosing hemangioma is an uncommon benign vascular tumor that may be mistaken for a malignancy. The imaging findings of anastomosing hemangioma are not well provided from the previous reports. Herein, in the study, we discuss the imaging findings for one case of retroperitoneal anastomosing hemangioma. Case presentation One 64-year-old female patient had a left retroperitoneal mass that was incidentally detected upon physical examination. A hypoechoic mass with abundant blood flow signals was found by US in the perirenal space. CT and MRI detected a large cystic and solid lesion in the left retroperitoneal space. Plain CT indicated that the internal density was uneven, and the pattern of enhancement was obvious and progressive. MRI-T2WI showed high intensity, DWI showed isointensity, and the mass also showed obvious progressive enhancement. Finally, anastomosing hemangioma was diagnosed via histopathological studies. Conclusion As a rare and benign tumour, anastomosing hemangioma is easily misinterpreted. We suggest that the observation of “genitourinary tract related, well defined, hyperintensity or isointensity on T2WI, isointensity on DWI, and obvious progressive enhancement patterns likely to the vascular enhancement” may consider the diagnosis of AH.
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24
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Vaccines and myasthenia gravis: a comprehensive review and retrospective study of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in a large cohort of myasthenic patients. J Neurol 2022; 269:3965-3981. [PMID: 35503373 PMCID: PMC9062633 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11140-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease, for which the risk of exacerbation after vaccines is debated. The aim of this study is to review the available literature concerning safety and efficacy of vaccines in MG. In addition, we also conducted a retrospective research of MG exacerbations and new onset MG after anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in a large cohort of patients. Methods A study of the available literature regarding vaccines and MG was carried out through research in the online database “Pubmed”. We also retrospectively collected data from 80 MG patients, who were followed at the Treviso Hospital and completed an anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination cycle. For each patient, we recorded MG exacerbations between first and second doses and within a window period of 1 day – 6 weeks after the second dose. Results We found 26 relevant articles about influenza, SARS-CoV-2 and other vaccines. No clear associations between most vaccines and MG exacerbations were found. Moreover, cases of new onset post-vaccine MG are mostly anecdotal, except for Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine. Concerning our cohort, 4/80 (5%) MG patients experienced an exacerbation within the post-vaccine window period. In addition, we report a case of new onset post-vaccine MG. Discussion Inactivated and subunit vaccines are safe and effective in MG. Although some of them, such as anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, might uncommonly cause MG exacerbations, data from our review suggest that benefits still outweigh by far the potential risks, thus they should be recommended to these patients. Nevertheless, large prospective studies are needed for further investigations.
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25
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Al-Hashel JY, Alroughani R, Gad K, Al-Sarraf L, Ahmed SF. Risk factors of white matter hyperintensities in migraine patients. BMC Neurol 2022; 22:159. [PMID: 35488255 PMCID: PMC9052543 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-022-02680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Migraine frequently is associated with White Matter Hyperintensities (WMHs). We aimed to assess the frequency of WMHs in migraine and to assess their risk factors. Methods This is cross-sectional study included 60 migraine patients of both genders, aged between 18 and 55 years. Patients with vascular risk factors were excluded. We also included a matched healthy control group with no migraine. Demographic, clinical data, and serum level of homocysteine were recorded. All subjects underwent brain MRI (3 Tesla). Results The mean age was 38.65 years and most of our cohort were female (83.3). A total of 24 migraine patients (40%) had WMHs versus (10%) in the control group, (P < 0.013). Patients with WMHs were significantly older (43.50 + 8.71 versus. 35.92+ 8.55 years, P < 0.001), have a longer disease duration (14.54+ 7.76versus 8.58+ 6.89 years, P < 0.002), higher monthly migraine attacks (9.27+ 4. 31 versus 7.78 + 2.41 P < 0.020) and high serum homocysteine level (11.05+ 5.63 versus 6.36 + 6.27, P < 0.006) compared to those without WMHs. WMHs were more frequent in chronic migraine compared to episodic migraine (75% versus 34.6%; P < 0.030) and migraine with aura compared to those without aura (38.3% versus 29,2; P < 0.001). WMHs were mostly situated in the frontal lobes (83.4%), both hemispheres (70.8%), and mainly subcortically (83.3%). Conclusion Older age, longer disease duration, frequent attacks, and high serum homocysteine level are main the risk factors for WMHs in this cohort. The severity or duration of migraine attacks did not increase the frequency of WMHs. The number of WMHs was significantly higher in chronic compared to episodic migraineurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasem Yousef Al-Hashel
- Department of Neurology, Ibn Sina Hospital, P.O. Box 25427, Safat, 13115, Kuwait City, Kuwait. .,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat, 13110, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
| | - Raed Alroughani
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait
| | - Khaled Gad
- Medical imaging Department, Ibn Sina Hospital, P.O. Box 25427, 13115, Safat, Kuwait.,Radiology Department, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Lamiaa Al-Sarraf
- Medical imaging Department, Ibn Sina Hospital, P.O. Box 25427, 13115, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Samar Farouk Ahmed
- Department of Neurology, Ibn Sina Hospital, P.O. Box 25427, Safat, 13115, Kuwait City, Kuwait.,Neuropsychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Minia University, P.O. Box 61519, Minia City, Minia, 61111, Egypt
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Tyagi S, Luo N, Tan CS, Tan KB, Tan BY, Menon E, Venketasubramanian N, Loh WC, Fan SH, Yang KLT, Chan ASL, Farwin A, Lukman ZB, Koh GCH. Seeking healthcare services post-stroke: a qualitative descriptive study exploring family caregiver and stroke survivor perspectives in an asian setting. BMC Neurol 2021; 21:429. [PMID: 34740323 PMCID: PMC8569985 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02463-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Exploration of the healthcare journey post-stroke is incomplete without acknowledging the crucial role of family caregivers. With limited literature documenting the role of caregivers in the healthcare journey post-stroke, we aimed to describe the healthcare experiences of family caregivers and stroke survivors across different caregiver identities in Singapore. Methods We conducted a qualitative descriptive study involving semi-structured interviews with transcripts analysed using thematic analysis. 26 stroke survivors and 35 family caregivers purposively sampled from multiple settings. Results Findings were summarized into seeking care and experience of healthcare encounters. Seeking care comprised of the following themes: factors influencing seeking care, decision to seek care and role of caregiver in seeking care. Experience of healthcare encounters comprised of the following themes: service around the patient, service with care and role of caregiver in healthcare encounters. Conclusion Multi-dimensional role of caregivers in healthcare experience emerged as a major finding. Unique to our Asian context, as per the participants’ accounts, family caregivers seemed to be central in healthcare decision-making for stroke survivors, with adult-child caregivers commonly reported being engaged in collaborative decision-making. While spousal caregivers preferred a relational healthcare experience, adult-child caregivers preferred a transactional one. Practical implications include equipping caregivers with skillset to make healthcare decisions, provision of supportive decision-making environment for caregivers and reinforcing communication aspects in the medical, nursing and allied healthcare curriculum to improve healthcare experience. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12883-021-02463-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Tyagi
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, 117549, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nan Luo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, 117549, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chuen Seng Tan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, 117549, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kelvin Bryan Tan
- Policy Research & Economics Office, Ministry of Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Edward Menon
- St. Andrew's Community Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - N Venketasubramanian
- Raffles Neuroscience Centre, Raffles Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore National Stroke Association, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Chin Loh
- St. Andrew's Community Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shu Hui Fan
- St. Andrew's Community Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Audrey Swee Ling Chan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, 117549, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aysha Farwin
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, 117549, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zunairah Binti Lukman
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, 117549, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gerald Choon-Huat Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, 117549, Singapore, Singapore.
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Janjua A, Sarwar MZ, Naqi SA. Adrenal Schwannoma: A Case Report. Int Med Case Rep J 2021; 14:617-620. [PMID: 34526828 PMCID: PMC8435475 DOI: 10.2147/imcrj.s311777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Schwannoma of the adrenal gland is very rare, comprising 0.2% of adrenal tumors, presenting usually as non-specific abdominal pain. We report such a rare case in a 50-year-old female. Her only complaint was right lumbar pain. Ultrasonography (USG) and computed tomography (CT) both showed a supra renal cystic mass most likely of adrenal origin. Excision of mass was performed. Post-operative course was uneventful. Histopathology showed a benign tumor of Schwann cell origin. Usually, pre-operative imaging including CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are inconclusive and diagnosis has to be confirmed on histopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azwa Janjua
- Department of Surgery, East Surgical Ward, Mayo Hospital, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan Sarwar
- Department of Surgery, East Surgical Ward, Mayo Hospital, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syed Asghar Naqi
- Department of Surgery, East Surgical Ward, Mayo Hospital, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
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Ayele BA, Wuhib MZ, Zenebe BG, Zewde YZ, Wolde YT, Metaferia GZ. Neuroimaging Features and Associated Factors in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Perspective from a Private Care Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Sci 2021; 31:1043-1052. [PMID: 35221622 PMCID: PMC8843137 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v31i5.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain and spine magnetic resonance image (MRI) have an invaluable importance in diagnosing multiple sclerosis (MS) in low prevalence countries such as Ethiopia. The objective of our study was to characterize the neuroimaging features and associated factors in Multiple sclerosis patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. METHOD A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in 30 multiple sclerosis patients at Yehuleshet Specialty Clinic, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Both descriptive and analytical statistics were used to analyze the data. RESULTS We have enrolled 30 patients with confirmed multiple sclerosis and clinically isolate syndrome. The mean age was 34.7 years (1SD=8.9). Female accounted 86.7%. The mean duration of illness was 3.4 years (1SD=3.1) (range: 1 - 11 years). Relapsing and remitting variant was the commonest sub type (66.7%). Alcohol use and head injury were the commonest identified risk factors reported by the patients. Classical radiological features of MS such as white matter lesions involving juxtacortical, U-fiber, corpus callosum (CC), and Dawson's finger projections pattern were observed in 46.7%, 23.3%, 70%, and 40% respectively. Cervical and thoracic cords were affected in 40% and 6.7% respectively. Global cortical and CC atrophy was observed in 16.7% and 6.7% respectively. Advanced age was associated with lesions of corpus callosum when adjusted for duration of illness and history of head injury (AOR 1.13, 95% CI 1.01-1.28, p=0.04). CONCLUSION Typical neuroimaging features of MS were prevalent among Ethiopian MS patients. Age was an independent predictor of lesions involving corpus callosum. Global cortical atrophy was common among Ethiopian MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biniyam A Ayele
- Assistant Professor of Neurology, Department of Neurology College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mehila Z Wuhib
- Yehuleshet Specialty Clinic, Honorary Assistant Professor of Neurology
| | | | - Yared Z Zewde
- Assistant Professor of Neurology, Department of Neurology College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yonas T Wolde
- Assistant Professor of Radiology, Neuroradiologist Department of Radiology, St.Paul Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Guta Z Metaferia
- Assistant Professor of Neurology, Department of Neurology College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Li C, Guo L, Hua K. Diagnostic Dilemma of Retroperitoneal Schwannomas Encountered in a Specialized Gynecology Hospital. J INVEST SURG 2021; 35:614-619. [PMID: 34058943 DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2021.1910757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study analyzed the potential diagnosis and therapeutic challenges of retroperitoneal schwannoma (RSs) in a specialized gynecology hospital. METHODS AND MATERIALS A retrospective review was performed in our hospital from 2000 to 2018. A literature search of RSs was conducted using PubMed database. RESULTS 45 patients were identified (22 from our hospital and 23 from the literature review). The majority of patients presented asymptomatic (22/45). Among them, 25 cases were misdiagnosed as adnexal cysts, 13 uterine fibroids, 1 ovarian malignancy and 6 pelvic masses. Intraoperative exploration revealed that the masses were located in the retroperitoneal space. The median diameter was 6.2 cm (range 3.0-9.8 cm) in our hospital compared with 9.3 cm (6-15 cm) in literature review. Complete resection was performed in 37 patients and subtotal resection in 8 patients. The pathological results confirmed the diagnosis of benign schwannoma and no recurrence was found in the follow-up data. CONCLUSION The preoperative diagnosis of RSs is difficult to make because of its nonspecific characteristics. In a specialized gynecology hospital, it is more important to differentiate the benign and malignant of mass before surgery. Surgical complete resection of tumor is recommended and recurrence is unusual after complete resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbo Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luopei Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Keqin Hua
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Timilsina S, Joshi SP, Sharma S, Kharel S, Karki S, Tiwari SB, Pandit D, Parajuli P. Adrenal schwannoma: A case report of an unusual incidentaloma. Int J Surg Case Rep 2021; 83:106018. [PMID: 34058462 PMCID: PMC8175416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and importance Adrenal schwannomas are extremely rare tumors often misdiagnosed. The patients are usually asymptomatic while some present with non-specific abdominal pain. Only a few cases are reported to date. Case presentation We here present a case of a 55-year-old Nepalese man presented with nonspecific abdominal pain at our Outpatient Department (OPD) found to have mass on ultrasonography of abdomen. On further investigation with Contrast Enhanced Computerized Tomography (CECT) of the abdomen and pelvis, a well-defined heterogeneous adrenal mass of size (7.8 ∗ 8.3 ∗ 6) cm with foci of calcification was seen in the left retroperitoneum. The intraoperative finding of adrenal mass and histopathology of resected mass was suggestive of schwannoma arising from the adrenal gland which was further confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Clinical discussion Adrenal schwannoma can mimic tumors like pheochromocytoma, adrenal adenoma, cortical carcinoma, neuroblastoma, and other masses. Only 1–3% of schwannomas are retroperitoneal. Radiological findings of this tumor are non-suggestive. The histological section shows spindle cells with Antoni A and Antoni B regions while positive staining of S-100 protein in Immunohistochemistry. Conclusion The diagnosis of adrenal schwannoma in the retroperitoneum is often challenging. The treatment of choice is surgical resection with a good prognosis. Adrenal schwannomas are extremely rare tumors. These tumors are mostly found incidentally and often asymptomatic. Complete surgical resection of the tumor is a must for good prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujan Timilsina
- Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | | | - Sujan Sharma
- Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Sanjeev Kharel
- Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Shovana Karki
- Department of Pathology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Sansar Babu Tiwari
- Department of Pathology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Durga Pandit
- Department of Urology and Kidney Transplant Surgery, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Purushottam Parajuli
- Department of Urology and Kidney Transplant Surgery, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
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31
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Nguyen K, Siegelman ES, Tu W, Schieda N. Update on MR Imaging of cystic retroperitoneal masses. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2020; 45:3172-3183. [PMID: 31501965 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-019-02196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article reviews the MRI appearance of cystic retroperitoneal (RP) masses. CONCLUSION Lymphangiomas are the most common RP cystic masses and typically appear simple; microscopic fat is a specific but insensitive finding. Location, internal complexity, and enhancement pattern suggest alternative diagnoses which range from normal anatomic variants to congenital abnormalities and importantly include benign, neurogenic, and malignant neoplasms. An approach to the MR imaging of cystic RP masses is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Nguyen
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, The University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Evan S Siegelman
- Department of Radiology, The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Wendy Tu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, The University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Nicola Schieda
- The Ottawa Hospital, The University of Ottawa, 1053 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada.
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The value of multiparameter 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in differentiating retroperitoneal paragangliomas from unicentric Castleman disease. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12887. [PMID: 32732920 PMCID: PMC7393137 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69854-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the value of multiple parameters retrieved from the FDG PET/CT studies, including SUVmax, SUVmean, SUVpeak, MTV, TLG, tumour size in differentiating retroperitoneal paragangliomas from UCD. 28 patients with solitary retroperitoneal masses who had undergone preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT were retrospectively evaluated. Histopathology by surgical resection confirmed 17 paragangliomas and 11 UCDs. SUVmax, SUVmean, SUVpeak, MTV, TLG, and tumour size of 18F-FDG PET/CT were measured for each patient. Mann–Whitney U-test was used to assess differences in multiple parameters between paragangliomas and UCDs. The ROC curve analysis was performed to determine the differential diagnostic value of these parameters. Paragangliomas presented significantly higher SUVmax (P < 0.001), SUVmean (P = 0.001), SUVpeak (P < 0.001), and TLG (P = 0.024) than UCDs, whereas no significant difference was observed in MTV. The AUCs for differentiating paragangliomas and UCDs were 0.920, 0.888, 0.909, and 0.765 for SUVmax, SUVmean, SUVpeak, and TLG, respectively. The SUVmax cut-off of 7.75 yielded 82.4% sensitivity and 100% specificity for predicting paragangliomas. This study indicated that 18F FDG PET/CT-derived multiple metabolic parameters are useful in distinguishing between paragangliomas and UCDs. SUVmax showed the best result for the differential diagnosis of these two diseases among multiple metabolic parameters.
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Myszczynska MA, Ojamies PN, Lacoste AMB, Neil D, Saffari A, Mead R, Hautbergue GM, Holbrook JD, Ferraiuolo L. Applications of machine learning to diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Nat Rev Neurol 2020; 16:440-456. [DOI: 10.1038/s41582-020-0377-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Nepal P, Mataki Y, Maemura K, Kurahara H, Tanoue K, Kawasaki Y, Idichi T, Hozaka Y, Iino S, Mori S, Shinchi H, Natsugoe S. Retroperitoneal schwannoma sandwiched between abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava. A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2020; 73:112-115. [PMID: 32673784 PMCID: PMC7363624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.06.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Retroperitoneal schwannomas in the abdominal cavity are rare and pose difficulty in preoperative diagnosis and management. Imaging modalities are usually not sufficient to conclude a diagnosis. EUS-FNA is useful to confirm preoperative diagnosis. In EUS-FNA, diagnosis can be accurate if the tumor size is small and tumor is devoid of intratumoral degenerations.
Introduction Schwannomas are tumors that originate from the Schwann cells present in the nerve sheath of peripheral nerves. They are commonly seen in cephalocervical areas. Schwannomas in the abdominal cavity are rare. Here, we discuss a case of retroperitoneal schwannoma lying dorsal to pancreas with critical relations to surrounding vessels. Presentation of case A 74 years old asymptomatic male was found with elevated amylase level on his routine blood examination. MR imaging revealed retroperitoneal mass of size 21*18*24 mm. EUS-FNA confirmed retroperitoneal schwannoma. The patient had co-morbid renal disease and was on hemodialysis. During the latest follow up, the tumor was 41*37*41 mm in size located dorsal to the confluence of right renal vein and inferior vena cava. The tumor was in contact with inferior vena cava, horizontal part of duodenum, right renal artery, right kidney, and adrenal gland. The patient underwent laparotomy and the tumor was extract with intact capsule. There were no post-operative complications. Discussion Pre-operative diagnosis in retroperitoneal schwannomas is challenging because imaging features are usually non-specific, and biopsy is the only diagnostic technique. EUS-FNA, which has low diagnostic accuracy, is useful in pre-operative diagnosis of small tumors devoid of intra-tumoral degeneration. Conclusion Retroperitoneal schwannoma is a rare entity. Preoperative diagnosis and curative resection are technically difficult. Care should be given during preoperative investigations and surgical resection of the tumor. EUS-FNA can be a useful diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Nepal
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka 8-35-1, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Yuko Mataki
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka 8-35-1, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan.
| | - Kosei Maemura
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka 8-35-1, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kurahara
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka 8-35-1, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Kiyonori Tanoue
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka 8-35-1, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Yota Kawasaki
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka 8-35-1, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Idichi
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka 8-35-1, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Yuto Hozaka
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka 8-35-1, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iino
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka 8-35-1, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Mori
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka 8-35-1, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shinchi
- Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka 8-35-1, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
| | - Shoji Natsugoe
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka 8-35-1, Kagoshima, 890-8520, Japan
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Pundole A, Varley R, Beeke S. Assessing emergence from a prolonged disorder of consciousness: Current opinion and practice in the UK. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2020; 31:1003-1027. [PMID: 32404044 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2020.1758160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A patient in PDOC must demonstrate functional object use or functional communication to confirm they have emerged from this state. A range of tasks and stimuli are used and patients must achieve 100% accuracy. As consciousness occurs along a continuum, determining emergence is not straightforward. OBJECTIVE To establish the opinions of expert clinicians on how emergence is determined in practice. METHODS An online survey was completed by clinicians working in specialist rehabilitation settings across the UK. Questions were asked about diagnosis and confidence, informal assessment, formal assessment, and family involvement. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse responses to closed questions. Responses to open questions were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Seventy-five surveys were analysed. Approximately a third (30.4 %) used tasks other than those recommended to determine emergence. A lack of confidence in tasks to detect the return of functional communication was reported by 46.4%. The majority (78.6%) reported they worked with patients who they felt had emerged, but could not demonstrate it based on the current criteria. A range of stimuli were employed, but 30.6% of respondents were not confident they could choose stimuli appropriately. Respondents reported a range of benefits and challenges when involving family in assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Pundole
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK.,Clinical Lead Speech and Language Therapist, Royal Hospital for Neurodisability, London, UK
| | - Rosemary Varley
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Suzanne Beeke
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
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Dell'Aversano Orabona G, Ricci D, Emili I, Serpi F, Ferrara V, Vanzulli A. Adrenal schwannoma: a case report. BJR Case Rep 2020; 6:20190044. [PMID: 32201601 PMCID: PMC7068090 DOI: 10.1259/bjrcr.20190044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Retroperitoneum is an uncommon site for Schwannoma tumors and among adrenal incidentaloma the Schwannoma is rare. This condition lacks of a specific clinical and radiological features, but correct diagnosis before pathological examination should be very important for clinical management and surgical decision. We describe a case of voluminous retroperitoneal incidental mass, that was proved to be an adrenal Schwannoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Domenico Ricci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan -Via Carlo Pascal 35, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Emili
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan -Via Carlo Pascal 35, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Serpi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan -Via Carlo Pascal 35, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Valerio Ferrara
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan -Via Carlo Pascal 35, 20133, Milan, Italy
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AlMalki MH, Alotaibi M, Ahmad MM, Rahman MAU, Alharthi T. Schwannoma Misdiagnosed as Adrenal Adenoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Case Rep Endocrinol 2020; 2020:8020761. [PMID: 32082650 PMCID: PMC7019206 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8020761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwannoma is a benign neurogenic tumor originating from the neural sheath of Schwann cells. It is an extremely rare cause of adrenal adenoma which is very difficult to diagnose preoperatively. We report the case of a right adrenal schwannoma discovered incidentally in a 62-year-old woman during evaluation of right flank pain. The biochemical and hormonal evaluations were unremarkable. Radiological examination revealed a 4.8 cm lesion keeping with right adrenal adenoma. Surgical intervention was done due to the large size of the tumor, and laparoscopic right adrenalectomy was performed. The postoperative course was uneventful. Histological examination established the diagnosis of schwannoma, which was further confirmed by immunohistochemical staining. In conclusion, adrenal schwannoma is extremely rare and can be misdiagnosed as nonsecreting adrenal adenoma. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice which is associated with favorable outcome and also helps in clarifying its histopathological nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mussa H. AlMalki
- Obesity, Endocrine and Metabolism Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahad Medical City, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Science, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Metib Alotaibi
- Obesity, Endocrine and Metabolism Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Muhammad Amin ur Rahman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Administration, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki Alharthi
- Department of Endocrinology, Military Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Salhi H, Lamrani MYA, Hammas N, Abdelmalek O, El Ouahabi H. A laparoscopic treatment of a suspicious adrenal mass revealing an unsual cause of adrenal incidentaloma. Pan Afr Med J 2019; 34:28. [PMID: 31762896 PMCID: PMC6859016 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2019.34.28.18239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwannomas are rare tumors, usually benign, originating from the Schwann sheath of the peripheral or cranial nerves. They are an extremely uncommon cause of adrenal incidentaloma. It is difficult to diagnose adrenal schwannoma preoperatively by imaging alone due of their aspect suspect on it. We report a case of adrenal mass discovered incidentally in a 41 years old patient who presented an atypical abdominal pain. Biological assessment was unremarkable, and imaging studies did not show strict imaging criteria for a typical adenoma. A surgical excision of the adrenal incidentaloma was decided. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the excised specimen revealed a benign schwannoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda Salhi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital of Fez, Fez, Morocco.,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital of Fez, Fez, Morocco
| | | | - Nawal Hammas
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Fez, Morocco
| | | | - Hanan El Ouahabi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Hospital of Fez, Fez, Morocco
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Zhou J, Zhang D, Li W, Zhou L, Xu H, Zheng S, Wang C. Primary adrenal schwannoma: a series of 31 cases emphasizing their clinicopathologic features and favorable prognosis. Endocrine 2019; 65:662-674. [PMID: 31278687 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-01992-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Primary adrenal schwannoma (PAS) is a very rare benign tumor, and most of them have been described in case reports. This study aimed to analyze their distinct clinicopathologic features and follow-up data through the largest series yet. METHODS Clinicopathologic features of 31 primary adrenal schwannomas were retrospectively studied. Imaging and histologic features were re-evaluated and summarized. Immunohistochemical markers were measured, including S100, SOX10, AE1/AE3, EMA, SMA, Desmin, HMB45, GLUT1, and Ki67. Follow-up of all cases was performed. RESULTS All the tumors were clinically misdiagnosed as nonfunctioning adrenal adenoma (NAA; 23/31), aldosterone-producing adenoma/aldosteronoma (APA; 3/31), cortisol-producing adenoma (CPA; 3/31), or pheochromocytoma (PCC; 2/31). Some 87% (27/31) presented with adrenal incidentaloma, and 13% (4/31) had a clinical symptom or unregulated hormone levels. They comprised conventional (19/31), cellular (7/31), plexiform (2/31), ancient (1/31), epithelioid (1/31) and microcystic/reticular variants (1/31) and had various histologic features. Immunohistochemically, all tumors (31/31) were positive for S100 and Sox10, with a low Ki-67 proliferative index. In the long-term follow-up (mean, 53 mo.; median, 56 mo.), none had evidence of recurrence and metastasis. Univariate analysis showed that OS and DFS were not associated with age; sex; tumor side, size, or number; adrenal-related symptoms; gross feature (solid vs. cystic); or any histologic feature (P > 0.9999). CONCLUSION PAS is an extremely rare tumor and mostly appears as an incidentaloma. Clinically, it tends to be misdiagnosed as other common adrenal tumors. This tumor has a benign biologic behavior and prognosis, without correlations with clinical or histologic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wencai Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Luting Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haimin Xu
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Saifang Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaofu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Shabana W, Raslan W, Hassan S, Al-Tartir T. Schwannoma masquerading as adrenocortical tumor: A case report and review of literature. Urol Case Rep 2019; 26:100926. [PMID: 31297325 PMCID: PMC6597528 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2019.100926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwannomas arises from retroperitoneal space are rare tumors. Adrenal Schwannomas are often misdiagnosed due to deficient of distinctive radiological findings. We report a case of adrenal schwannoma presented with vague abdominal pain. Initially, the patient was diagnosed as adrenocortical tumor that was treated with robotic adrenalectomy. Histopathological and immuno-histochemical examination revealed schwannoma. We will report the case and review the literature regarding this rare tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Shabana
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare-Urology Department, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine-Zagazig University-urology Department, Egypt
| | - Wasim Raslan
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare-Urology Department, Saudi Arabia
| | - Said Hassan
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare-Urology Department, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tareq Al-Tartir
- Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare-Urology Department, Saudi Arabia
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Perirenal Space and Retroperitoneum. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2019; 27:77-103. [PMID: 30466914 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Parmar K, Chandna A, Kumar S. Retroperitoneal paraganglioma: a chameleon masquerading as an adrenal pheochromocytoma. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2018; 101:e62-e65. [PMID: 30371110 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2018.0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Retroperitoneal paragangliomas are rare tumours arising from neural crest cells located near or in the autonomic nervous system; right from the skull bass to the pelvic floor. Often called the great masqueraders, their diagnosis and treatment is often difficult and fraught with danger, considering the close proximity of these tumours to important retroperitoneal organs. A 29-year-old woman presented to the outpatient department with complaints of paroxysms of headache, sweating and palpitations for one year. She was found to have elevated urinary metadrenalines (metanephrines) and a suprarenal mass on contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen, which demonstrated increased tracer activity on I-131 iodine-123 meta-iodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy. Adrenal pheochromocytoma was diagnosed and she underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy after stabilisation of her blood pressure. Laparoscopy revealed a large suprarenal mass with dense adhesions to the inferior vena cava that was carefully separated from the vein and surrounding structures. The cut section revealed a heterogeneous mass encasing a normal adrenal gland and histopathology confirmed the same, confirming the final diagnosis of retroperitoneal paraganglioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Parmar
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Advanced Urology Centre Nehru Hospital, Pgimer , Chandigarh , India
| | - A Chandna
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Advanced Urology Centre Nehru Hospital, Pgimer , Chandigarh , India
| | - S Kumar
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Advanced Urology Centre Nehru Hospital, Pgimer , Chandigarh , India
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